Academic literature on the topic 'Decision-making processes'

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Journal articles on the topic "Decision-making processes"

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Roberto, Michael A. "Strategic Decision-Making Processes." Group & Organization Management 29, no. 6 (December 2004): 625–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059601103257961.

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Bouchart*, Francois J.-C., David J. Blackwood, and Paul W. Jowitt. "Decision mapping: Understanding decision making processes." Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems 19, no. 3 (September 2002): 187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286600214151.

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Payne, John, and Arnold Wood. "Individual Decision Making and Group Decision Processes." Journal of Psychology and Financial Markets 3, no. 2 (June 2002): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327760jpfm0302_04.

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Tamir, Emanuel, Ran Etgar, and Daniel Peled. "Decision-Making Processes Using WhatsApp." Research in Educational Administration & Leadership 5, no. 1 (May 7, 2020): 100–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.30828/real/2020.1.4.

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Petrick, James F., Xiang(Robert) Li, and Sun-Young Park. "Cruise Passengers' Decision-Making Processes." Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 23, no. 1 (October 31, 2007): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j073v23n01_01.

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Oly Ndubisi, Nelson, and Cengiz Kahraman. "Teleworking adoption decision‐making processes." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 18, no. 2 (April 2005): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17410390510579891.

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Hicks Patrick, Julie, Jenessa C. Steele, and S. Melinda Spencer. "Decision Making Processes and Outcomes." Journal of Aging Research 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/367208.

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The primary aim of this study was to examine the contributions of individual characteristics and strategic processing to the prediction of decision quality. Data were provided by 176 adults, ages 18 to 93 years, who completed computerized decision-making vignettes and a battery of demographic and cognitive measures. We examined the relations among age, domain-specific experience, working memory, and three measures of strategic information search to the prediction of solution quality using a 4-step hierarchical linear regression analysis. Working memory and two measures of strategic processing uniquely contributed to the variance explained. Results are discussed in terms of potential advances to both theory and intervention efforts.
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Homberg, Judith R. "Serotonin and decision making processes." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 36, no. 1 (January 2012): 218–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.06.001.

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Brunn, Hilmar, Rolf Bretz, Peter Fankhauser, Thomas Spengler, and Otto Rentz. "LCA in decision-making processes." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 1, no. 4 (December 1996): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02978699.

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GODWIN, DEBORAH D., and JOHN SCANZONI. "Couple Decision Making." Journal of Family Issues 10, no. 3 (September 1989): 291–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251389010003001.

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This study addresses the question of potential differences in the processes and outcomes of joint decision making in terms of the particular issue being negotiated by spouses, and the partner's behavior or assessment being examined. The proposition is tested and verified that decision-making processes vary by both spouse and the issue being discussed. Husbands' and wives' assessments of the outcomes of decision making do not differ within couples, but their assessments do vary across issues. A further proposition-that the importance of getting one's own way regarding the particular issue influences decision dynamics and outcomes-receives much less support. Future research should take into account emerging contemporary issues and avoid treating couple decision-making processes and outcomes as unidimensional. Further work on the reasons for observed differences across issues in couple decision making is needed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Decision-making processes"

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Palau, Ortin David. "Dynamics of cellular decision making processes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396084.

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Cells, either as unicellular organisms or as part of a tissue of a multicellular organism, can acquire different functions thanks to their capability of changing their expression state. The enzyme synthesis, cell division or cell differentiation are some examples of these functions. The turning on and off of them lie in the mechanisms by which cells are able to integrate the information they perceive from the environment. Frequently, cells exhibit different responses under the same stimulus or environment. These probabilistic processes, whose behaviours are not univocal, are known as "cellular decision making". We can classify these processes according to the range at which the decision is made. We denominate cell-autonomous decision those in which of each cell chooses its response independently of the choice of the other cells of the population. By contrast, if the decision is made collectively by the whole population, it is classified as non autonomous. This second type of decisions involve mechanisms of cell-to-cell communication that mediate in the choices the cells and so, some spatial distributions of the different cell states can arise. The capability of cellular decision making processes of performing a variety of responses under a same signal is given by the multistability and the stochasticity of their dynamics. While multistability is underlain by the nonlinear interactions of the elements involved in genetic regulation, stochasticity arises from the discrete nature of biochemical reactions and the thermal fluctuations of the cellular environment. These two characteristics motivate the study of these processes from Systems Dynamics the point of view, by identifying cell states with system attractors. This Thesis focuses on the study of the general dynamical mechanisms that control cellular decision making processes. The main goal is to connect the properties of the decision with the relevant dynamical behaviour of the system while it is being made. We have analysed the properties of cellular decisions in two systems: a system with cell-autonomous dynamics, where cells choose their state regardless the choice of the others; and a system where the decision is made jointly by all the tissue. In this second system, cells interact through a cell-to-cell communication that takes place at first neighbours. From these interactions, different pattern solutions arise, where different different cell types are spatially distributed along the tissue. Finally, it has been analysed the role that a specific choice, whose probability value is well known, plays in the functionality of an organism. The chosen system to study these consequences has been a process of differentiation that the parasite that causes malaria in humans performs.
Cada célula, ya se como organismo unicelular o formando parte de un organismo multicelular, tiene que desarrollar distintas funciones a lo largo de su vida. Algunos ejemplos de estas funciones son tales como la síntesis de encimas, dividirse o diferenciarse en otro tipo celular. La activación y desactivación de muchas de estas funciones está sujeta a la integración de la información que la célula percibe de su entorno. A menudo, las células exhiben respuestas distintas bajo un mismo estímulo o bajo unas mismas condiciones del entorno. Estos procesos probabilísticos son conocidos como "toma de decisiones celulares". Estos eventos celulares se puede desarrollar de forma autónoma por cada célula, o de forma colectiva por toda una población o tejido. En este segundo caso, se requiere de algún mecanismo que medie en la comunicación entre células. Esta capacidad de estos sistemas de producir una variedad de respuestas es otorgada por la multiestabilidad y estocasticidad de sus dinámicas. Estas características motivan el estudio de estos procesos desde la perspectiva de la Dinámica de Sistemas, identificando los estados celulares a los atractores del sistema. Esta Tesis se centra en el estudio de los mecanismos dinámicos genéricos que controlan la toma de decisiones celulares. Se ha caracterizado la conexión entre las propiedades de una decisión y el mecanismo subyacente que la genera. Dos tipos decisiones autónomas han sido analizadas de acuerdo a esta perspectiva. También se ha estudiado los mecanismos dinámicos que llevan a la selección de un patrón espacial concreto en un escenario de decisión no autónoma, en el que las células interactúan entre sí a primeros vecinos mediante una inhibición lateral. Estas decisiones han revelado como la simetría especial de la señal inductora de las mismas afecta a la solución final alcanzada por el tejido. Finalmente, se ha analizado el papel que la probabilidad de una decisión concreta y bien conocida puede desarrollar en la viabilidad del organismo implicado. El sistema de estudio escogido ha sido un proceso de diferenciación que lleva a cabo el parásito responsable de causar la malaria en humanos.
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Tonelli, Marcello. "Unstructured strategic decision-making processes : CRE decision-making in the Italian consulting industry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/30408/1/Marcello_Tonelli_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis aims at developing a better understanding of unstructured strategic decision making processes and the conditions for achieving successful decision outcomes. Specifically it focuses on the processes used to make CRE (Corporate Real Estate) decisions. The starting point for this thesis is that our knowledge of such processes is incomplete. A comprehensive study of the most recent CRE literature together with Behavioural Organization Theory has provided a research framework for the exploration of CRE recommended =best practice‘, and of how organizational variables impact on and shape these practices. To reveal the fundamental differences between CRE decision-making in practice and the prescriptive =best practice‘ advocated in the CRE literature, a study of seven Italian management consulting firms was undertaken addressing the aspects of content and process of decisions. This thesis makes its primary contribution by identifying the importance and difficulty of finding the right balance between problem complexity, process richness and cohesion to ensure a decision-making process that is sufficiently rich and yet quick enough to deliver a prompt outcome. While doing so, this research also provides more empirical evidence to some of the most established theories of decision-making while reinterpreting their mono-dimensional arguments in a multi-dimensional model of successful decision-making.
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Gore, Julie. "Exploring hospitality managers' decision making processes." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363569.

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Werbelow, Cora. "Connectedness between strategic decision making processes." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/49213/.

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Strategic decision making is fundamental since strategic decisions affect the long-term health of the organization. Strategy process research to date has been mainly concerned with characterising and explaining the nature of individual strategic decision making processes. A number of researchers are calling for more research on the potential connectedness between strategic decisions. In response, this thesis contributes to the strategic decision making literature by investigating the connectedness between strategic decision making processes. It focuses on precursive connections and tracks decisions backwards and forwards to identify potential connections. Both researchers and practitioners believe that the success and failure of prior decisions affect subsequent decisions. Hence, this research investigates decision performance as a potential influence on connectedness. The research is qualitative and a multiple embedded case study approach was chosen, examining decision making processes in two organizations in the UK. Data collection consisted mainly of in-depth interviews with executives and senior management but also included archival data. Main findings indicate that decision makers tend to transfer their knowledge and experience from one decision process to the next and thereby create a connection between strategic decisions. The connections can be characterised in terms of exploration and exploitation tendencies. Positive perceptions about a decision’s performance are related to the exploitation of existing practices, while negative perceptions prompt an exploration of new routines. The findings also show that informants’ perceptions about decision performance are highly subjective. The concept of cognitive decision styles provides plausible explanations arguing that individuals hold personal preferences when it comes to judging and perceiving information and their evaluations of strategic decisions cohere with these. Finally, this research suggests that decisions are linked primarily through individual agency. This reinforces the importance of the individual in strategic decision making processes, and consequently, the emphasis in this work is to argue that only by a deep understanding of individual action (and practice) is it possible to understand decision processes.
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Piech, Richard M. "Motivational modulation of decision making processes." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518690.

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Rao, Vikram Mohan. "Investigation of Decision Processes in Chemical Substitution Decision Making." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2021. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28261055.

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In recent years, new regulatory guidance has spurred organizations to replace hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives. The factors and influences that shape decisions to transition to safer chemicals are of interest to decision scientists. Previous studies have examined the role that various factors, such as regulation, health impacts, and environmental impacts, have played in shaping such decisions. However, two key research gaps have been identified. First, existing semi-quantitative-based studies do not adequately capture the complexity of decision-making. Second, no in-depth qualitative study of a current substitution process, elucidating decision-making mechanisms at various stages of the design process, has yet been performed. The current research addresses these gaps. The first component of the study is an extensive survey of product and chemical manufacturers to elicit potential tradeoffs concerning final product design and redesign decisions. Such tradeoffs are characterized by a set of six factors affecting product design, which are further disaggregated into thirty-three attributes distributed across these factors. Statistical methods including Bayesian Dirichlet modeling and Principal Component Analysis were used to show: 1) two factors were statistically significantly different than other factors, 2) how features such as company size and time of decision affected factor weighting, and 3) that nine principal components explain 79% of the variance in the attribute scores. The second component of the study was a phenomenological assessment of a current substitution process: replacement of cadmium with Zn-Ni for aircraft components, undertaken by the U.S. Navy and Air Force. This study synthesized existing research in cognition, decision-making, and knowledge management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants representing engineering, environmental, safety, and management disciplines. Qualitative analysis was used to identify and characterize the underlying mechanisms guiding the decision process, including external/internal influences, organizational structure and inertia, and innovative team problem solving. The results from this research contribute to theoretical knowledge in decision-making and cognition, as well as practical knowledge for organizations and policymakers. The broader implications of this research study include a realization that decision tradeoffs vary based on decision contexts, indicating that sector-specific future policy and guidance efforts are needed.
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Crow, Janis J. "Examining cognitive processes of unstructured decision making." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/250.

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Wang, Xueying. "Mechanisms of Simple Perceptual Decision Making Processes." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1249662470.

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Forster, Emma. "Migration decision-making processes : an empirical investigation." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2000. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3711.

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This thesis has two purposes. The first is to investigate the motivation for household migration - in particular, the associations between the different reasons for moving and the characteristics of owner-occupier movers in Scotland, their houses and the distances they travel. The second is to investigate the extent to which the migration decision is a longitudinal one, and from this longitudinal analysis to highlight the extent of latent migration. Little longitudinal research has previously been carried out on the migration decision. The thesis uses two recent, large-scale and under-utilised data sources to investigate each of these issues. Firstly, the associations with motivations for migration are investigated using the 'Migration and Housing Choice Survey' (MHCS) which contains information from 10,010 households. The advantage of this cross-sectional source lies in its provision of detailed information on motivations at a national level of coverage. The large-scale, national coverage makes it possible to investigate many types of migration flow. This advantage is not shared by any other British research into motivations for migration and only three other data sets elsewhere. Secondly, the extent to which the decision to n-iigrate is part of an on-going process is investigated using the 'British Household Panel Survey' (BBPS). This new and under-exploited source of migration data contains longitudinal information from 10,264 individuals in the first wave and holds approximately this sample size through each of the following four waves. This thesis makes four key contributions to knowledge. The first three are based on the detailed and systematic analysis of the reasons for residential migration behaviour of owner-occupiersin Scotland,u sing the MHCS. Firstly, the reasonsf or moving, as suggestedb y previously small-scaler esearch,h ave been confirmed by this large-scale data set. Secondly, this thesis has extended - and in some cases refuted - the findings of previous researchb y investigatingt he bivariate associationsb etween each of the reasons for moving and each possible explanatory variables (these being characteristicso f migrants, of their home and of the distancest hey move). This has been investigated using much wider selection of reasons for moving and of characteristicsth an hasb eenp reviouslyd one. Thirdly, this thesish as shown that lifecycle stage exerts a considerable amount of influence on the reasons given for moving, whilst still operating in conjunction with other variables, such as distance moved and housing features. The MIHCS can, for the first time, enable research into the connection between the factors influencing migration flows and the factors influencing motivations for migration. Fourthly, this thesis has investigated how migration decisions and preference for migration relate over time, using longitudinal data (the BHPS). This has shown that a considerable amount of latent mobility is present in Britain, and even more importantly, has identified the characteristics of the latent migrants and frequent movers. In addition, this thesis has offered some methodological pointers for future migration research. Overall, the use of these two important but under-utilised data sets, the MECS and the BBPS, have enabled analyses to be undertaken that are unique in the history of nýgration research. V
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Shamoun, Sanny. "Post-decision Processes : Consolidation and value conflicts in decision making." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169.

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The studies in the present thesis focus on post-decision processes using the theoretical framework of Differentiation and Consolidation Theory. This thesis consists of three studies. In all these studies, pre-decision evaluations are compared with post-decision evaluations in order to explore differences in evaluations of decision alternatives before and after a decision. The main aim of the studies was to describe and gain a clearer and better understanding of how people re-evaluate information, following a decision for which they have experienced the decision and outcome. The studies examine how the attractiveness evaluations of important attributes are restructured from the pre-decision to the post-decision phase; particularly restructuring processes of value conflicts. Value conflict attributes are those in which information speaks against the chosen alternative in a decision. The first study investigates an important real-life decision and illustrates different post-decision (consolidation) processes following the decision. The second study tests whether decisions with value conflicts follow the same consolidation (post-decision restructuring) processes when the conflict is controlled experimentally, as in earlier studies of less controlled real-life decisions. The third study investigates consolidation and value conflicts in decisions in which the consequences are controlled and of different magnitudes.

The studies in the present thesis have shown how attractiveness restructuring of attributes in conflict occurs in the post-decision phase. Results from the three studies indicated that attractiveness restructuring of attributes in conflict was stronger for important real-life decisions (Study 1) and in situations in which real consequences followed a decision (Study 3) than in more controlled, hypothetical decision situations (Study 2).

Finally, some proposals for future research are suggested, including studies of the effects of outcomes and consequences on consolidation of prior decisions and how a decision maker’s involvement affects his or her pre- and post-decision processes.

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Books on the topic "Decision-making processes"

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Mohn, Paul O. Decision making processes in cooperatives. Cork: UCC Centre for Co-operative Studies, 1986.

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Choi, Warren. Decision making processes at the J5. Cambridge, Mass: John F. Kennedy School of Government, 2014.

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Gore, Julie. Exploring hospitality managers' decision making processes. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1997.

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1934-, Johnson Carl, ed. Choices: Decision making processes for speakers. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1992.

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Bryman, Alan. Decision making processes in community transport organisation. Loughborough: University of Technology, Loughborough, 1990.

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Reesi, Lepa, ed. Engaging interest groups in decision-making processes. Tallinn: PRAXIS Center for Policy Studies, 2004.

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Reesi, Lepa, ed. Engaging interest groups in decision-making processes. Tallinn: PRAXIS Center for Policy Studies, 2004.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Sediment Oversight Technical Committee, ed. Managing contaminated sediments: EPA decision-making processes. Washington, DC: The Committee, 1991.

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Bridges, Glenn E. Decision-making processes and the energy sector. [British Columbia]: Round Table, 1990.

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Herrera-Viedma, Enrique. Consensual processes. Berlin: Springer, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Decision-making processes"

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Walker, Ronald A. "Decision-Making Processes." In Multilateral Conferences, 159–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230514423_10.

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Zaraté, Pascale. "New Decision-Making Processes." In Tools for Collaborative Decision-Making, 11–20. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118574690.ch2.

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Hodgson, Julia, Kevin Moore, Trisha Acri, and Glenn Jordan Treisman. "Diagnostic Decision-Making Processes." In Integrative Medicine for Vulnerable Populations, 79–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21611-5_6.

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Pilorget, Lionel. "Functional Group: Strategic Decision Making." In Implementing IT Processes, 51–71. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-04773-3_5.

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Ernst, Wolfgang. "Collegiate Courts’ Decision-Making Processes." In Urteiler, Richter, Spruchkörper, 35–52. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/9783412518806.35.

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McInerney, Claire R., and Michael E. D. Koenig. "Knowledge Management and Decision Making." In Knowledge Management (KM) Processes in Organizations, 57–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02275-3_8.

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Bresnick, Terry, and Omar Periu. "Eliciting Data: Making Your Decision-Making Processes More Productive." In Innovative Decision-Making Techniques, 117–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11280-5_9.

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Gerardi, A., and G. Koch. "Point Processes and Some Application in Reliability Theory." In Reliability and Decision Making, 157–87. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4459-7_8.

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Larbani, Moussa, and Po-Lung Yu. "Decision Processes and Decision-Making in Changeable Spaces." In Wonderful Solutions and Habitual Domains for Challenging Problems in Changeable Spaces, 25–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1981-4_2.

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Takemura, Kazuhisa. "Behavioral Decision Theories that Explain Decision-Making Processes." In Behavioral Decision Theory, 143–64. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54580-4_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Decision-making processes"

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Encheva, Sylvia. "Providing Support for Today's Decision Making Processes-Decision making." In 2015 International Conference on Modeling, Simulation and Applied Mathematics. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msam-15.2015.85.

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KACPRZYK, JANUSZ. "DECISION MAKING, DECISION PROCESSES AND DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS." In Proceedings of the MS'10 International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814324441_0002.

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Delic, Amra, Julia Neidhardt, Thuy Ngoc Nguyen, Francesco Ricci, Laurens Rook, Hannes Werthner, and Markus Zanker. "Observing Group Decision Making Processes." In RecSys '16: Tenth ACM Conference on Recommender Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2959100.2959168.

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Renelle, Amy, Stephanie Budgett, and Rhys Jones. "Recognition of random processes from simulated auditory experiences." In Decision Making Based on Data. International Association for Statistical Education, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.19414.

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Students frequently exhibit randomness misconceptions due to a multitude of reasons. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether auditory cues corresponding to a sequence of simulated events challenge students’ intuitions of random processes. Results from this study indicate that randomness misconceptions were exhibited by the participants and, through running a simulation, their incorrect perceptions were then explored. From this, it is proposed that further research could investigate whether auditory cues are beneficial in challenging students’ randomness intuitions in a classroom setting. The way in which the tool highlighted the students expectations of waiting times generated from a uniform distribution, and constant waiting times was unexpected outcome of this small pilot study and is yet to be fully explored.
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Baclawski, K., E. S. Chan, D. Gawlick, A. Ghoneimy, K. C. Gross, and Z. H. Liu. "Self-adaptive dynamic decision making processes." In 2017 IEEE Conference on Cognitive and Computational Aspects of Situation Management (CogSIMA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2017.7929586.

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Keertipati, Smitha, Sherlock A. Licorish, and Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu. "Exploring decision-making processes in Python." In EASE '16: 20th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2915970.2915993.

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Levy, Meira, and Nava Pliskin. "Infrastructure for studying decision — Making processes." In 2010 International Conference on Information Society (i-Society 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i-society16502.2010.6018761.

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Encheva, S. "Providing Support for Today’s Decision Making Processes." In International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Applications. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cisia-15.2015.133.

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ALLEGRINI, PAOLO, PAOLO PARADISI, DANILO MENICUCCI, and ANGELO GEMIGNANI. "RENEWAL PROCESSES IN THE CRITICAL BRAIN." In DECISION MAKING - A Psychophysics Application of Network Science. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814365826_0009.

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Fox, J. "Symbolic processes in decision making: a cognitive engineering approach." In IEE Colloquium on Decision Making and Problem Solving. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19971226.

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Reports on the topic "Decision-making processes"

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Marold, Juliane, Ruth Wagner, Markus Schöbel, and Dietrich Manzey. Decision-making in groups under uncertainty. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/361udm.

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The authors have studied daily decision-making processes in groups under uncertainty, with an exploratory field study in the medical domain. The work follows the tradition of naturalistic decision-making (NDM) research. It aims to understand how groups in this high reliability context conceptualize and internalize uncertainties, and how they handle them in order to achieve effective decision-making in their everyday activities. Analysis of the survey data shows that uncertainty is thought of in terms of issues and sources (as identified by previous research), but also (possibly a domain-specific observation) as a lack of personal knowledge or skill. Uncertainty is accompanied by emotions of fear and shame. It arises during the diagnostic process, the treatment process and the outcome of medical decision making. The most frequently cited sources of uncertainty are partly lacking information and inadequate understanding owing to instability of information. Descriptions of typical group decisions reveal that the individual himself is a source of uncertainty when a lack of knowledge, skills and expertise is perceived. The group can serve as a source of uncertainty if divergent opinions in the decision making group exist. Three different situations of group decisions are identified: Interdisciplinary regular meetings (e.g. tumor conferences), formal ward meetings and ad hoc consultations. In all healthcare units concerned by the study, only little use of structured decision making procedures and processes is reported. Strategies used to handle uncertainty include attempts to reduce uncertainty by collecting additional information, delaying action until more information is available or by soliciting advice from other physicians. The factors which ultimately determine group decisions are hierarchy (the opinion of more senior medical staff carries more weight than that of junior staff), patients’ interest and professional competence. Important attributes of poor group decisions are the absence of consensus and the use of hierarchy as the predominant decision criterion. On the other hand, decisions judged to be effective are marked by a sufficient information base, a positive discussion culture and consensus. The authors identify four possible obstacles to effective decision making: a steep hierarchy gradient, a poor discussion culture, a strong need for consensus, and insufficient structure and guidance of group decision making processes. A number of intervention techniques which have been shown in other industries to be effective in improving some of these obstacles are presented.
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2

Urban, Julie M., Clint A. Bowers, Jr Morgan, Monday Ben B., and Susan D. Effects of Workload on Communication Processes in Decision Making Teams. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada275894.

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3

Gonçalves, Vasco. Decision-making frameworks for controversial public decision processes: A comparative analysis with a case study. DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7749/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2012.03.

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4

Hardie, T. Alternative Decision Making Processes for Consensus-Blocked Decisions in the IETF. RFC Editor, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3929.

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Nyarko, Philomena, Cletus Adohinzin, Saumya RamaRao, Placide Tapsoba, and Ayorinde Ajayi. Profile of abortion seekers in Ghana and their decision-making processes. Population Council, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh14.1023.

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Gill, Elizabeth, Matilda Kreider, and Suzanne MacDonald. Offshore Wind Energy Basics: Navigating Offshore Wind Energy Decision-Making Processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1897061.

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7

Chen, Dongmei, Paul Mollet, and Brian Efird. Energy Governance in China: The Structures and Processes of Government Decision-Making. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2019-dp56.

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8

Littleton, Eliza B., and Jared T. Freeman. Predicting Rapid Decision-Making Processes Required by the Dismounted Objective Force Warrior. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419472.

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9

Mathieu, John E., William R. Breetz, and Karl M. Prewo. Integrated Multi-Team Decision Making Processes and Effectiveness and the Connecticut Center for Advanced Technology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426803.

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10

Lenhardt, Amanda. Progress Towards Meaningful Women’s Participation in Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding Decision-makingt prevention and peacebuilding decision-making. Institute of Development Studies, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.044.

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The Women, Peace and Security or Gender Peace and Security (WPS/GPS) agenda has expanded significantly over the 20+ years of concerted efforts at many levels to expand the role of women in conflict resolution and peacebuilding. Yet many authors note that the expansion of international agreements and national plans to support greater women’s participation in decision-making have yet to translate into concrete changes. This report examines progress in promoting women’s meaningful participation in decision making processes in conflict prevention and peacebuilding, with a focus on changes since 2018. Evidence on women’s meaningful participation in decision-making tends to focus on a small range of measurable outcomes with some studies considering the outcomes of women’s involvement in those processes to determine the extent to which they might be ‘meaningful’. Few studies examine differential outcomes of such initiatives for different groups of women, and most data does not allow for the disaggregation of intersecting identities between gender, ethnicity, race, disability, migration status and other key factors. Evidence collected for this report suggests that policies and programmes seeking to support greater women’s participation in decision-making in conflict prevention and peacebuilding often struggle to address the broader structural factors that inhibit women’s empowerment. Tackling longstanding and often deeply embedded harmful social norms has proven challenging across sectors, and in conflict or post-conflict settings with highly complex social dynamics, this can be especially difficult. Many of the issues highlighted in the literature as hindering progress on the WPS agenda relate to cross-cutting issues at the heart of gender inequality. Multiple authors from within women’s movements in conflict and post-conflict settings emphasise the need for policies and programmes that support women to act as agents of change in their own communities and which amplify their voices rather than speak on their behalf. Recent achievements in South Sudan and the Pacific region are indicative of the potential of women’s movements to affect change in conflict prevention and peacebuilding and suggest progress is being made in some areas, though gender equality in these processes may be a long way off.
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