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Academic literature on the topic 'Decision-making proce'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Decision-making proce"

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Kartashov, Igor I., and Ivan I. Kartashov. "Artificial intelligence: criminal and procedural aspects." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 17 (2021): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2021-5-17-75-89.

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For millennia, mankind has dreamed of creating an artificial creature capable of thinking and acting “like human beings”. These dreams are gradually starting to come true. The trends in the development of modern so-ciety, taking into account the increasing level of its informatization, require the use of new technologies for information processing and assistance in de-cision-making. Expanding the boundaries of the use of artificial intelligence requires not only the establishment of ethical restrictions, but also gives rise to the need to promptly resolve legal problems, including criminal and proce-dural ones. This is primarily due to the emergence and spread of legal expert systems that predict the decision on a particular case, based on a variety of parameters. Based on a comprehensive study, we formulate a definition of artificial intelligence suitable for use in law. It is proposed to understand artificial intelligence as systems capable of interpreting the received data, making optimal decisions on their basis using self-learning (adaptation). The main directions of using artificial intelligence in criminal proceedings are: search and generalization of judicial practice; legal advice; preparation of formalized documents or statistical reports; forecasting court decisions; predictive jurisprudence. Despite the promise of using artificial intelligence, there are a number of problems associated with a low level of reliability in predicting rare events, self-excitation of the system, opacity of the algorithms and architecture used, etc.
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Tomić, Vesna. "Decision making in adolescents." Zdravstvena zastita 35, no. 6 (2006): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zz0605033t.

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Markelov, Alexander G. "THE IDEA OF COMPROMISE IN THE RUSSIAN CRIMINAL PROCESS AS A MEANING OF COURT ACTIVITY OF CRIME." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 39 (2021): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/39/4.

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The article proposes an original approach that explains the obvious ideological nature of the use of compromise technologies on certain alternative procedures of the Russian criminal process and is considered as an applied tool for combating crime. Such proposals occur against the background of an obvious trend of humanization of punishment and exemption from criminal responsibility of certain categories of persons. The author claims justifiably that new prospectiveand at the same time conflict-free (compromise) forms of criminal procedure for the rapid resolution of criminal cases have been created in the Russian criminal process.At the same time, the author believes that one of the most important advantages of the use of compromise technologies, provided that there are no aggravating circumstances, is the ability to resolve the criminal-law conflict between the parties concerned quickly and create a favorable environment of reciprocity and understanding. The author believes that the idea of compromise as a certain measure of combating crime has already been implemented in modern procedural algorithms for resolving criminal cases through reduced criminal proceedings in the form of an inquiry, specific (compromise) proce-dures in the form of: the court making a final decision on a criminal case with the consent of the accused with the charge brought by the investigating authorities; the court making a final decision on a criminal case when concluding a pre-trial agreement on cooperation (a deal with justice); proceedings in a criminal case on the appointment of criminal-law measures in the form of a court fine when a person is exempt from criminal liability; a termination of the criminal case and criminal prosecution against the suspect or accused in conjunction with the reconciliation of the parties, a termination of criminal prosecution against the suspect or accused in conjunction with active repentance, a termination of criminal prosecution against the suspect or accused in cases of crimes in the field of economic activity, the election of certain preventive measures and the conduct of the individual investigative actions under the individual compromise circumstances. The author believes that the construction of a legal model of criminal procedure compro-mise as a measure to counter modern crime will contribute to the optimization of the Russian criminal proceedings in the interests of the individual, society and the state as a whole. The work proposes the justification of a new scientific direction - the criminal procedure concept of using compromise - and the prospects for its application in scientific research and practical activities to counter modern crime.
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Jasikovac, Miomir. "The process of decision-making in crises." Vojno delo 71, no. 2 (2019): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojdelo1901055j.

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Bark, Dong-Suh, and Young-Whan Kihl. "Decision-Making and Its Specification Process of Food Policy in Korea." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 3 (December 31, 1988): 92–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps03006.

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Since the Military Revolution in 1961 Korean government officials have been concerned about solving problems involved in agricultural or food policy. However, farmers are still kept in a predicament mainly due to the improperties contained in the policy-making process. In this study, to define the reasons for the difficulties involved in food policy, policy-making process as well as its specifications were examined based on the objectives, participants, and the contents of food policy in Korea. Because policy-making is largely dependent upon political or administrative structures, a comparative study was conducted to see the radical changes in food policy before and after the Yu-shin Revitalizing Reformation in 1972. Before the Reformation, farmers fell victim for the economic development which was the moral obligations of the military government. Thus top priority in food policy was set on price stabilization rather than achieving self-sufficient food supply or boosting farmers' incomes. Likewise government officials were more concerned about politics, that is, winning elections. However, political concern has become less decisive after the Reformation, and administrative power has become more dominant in terms of policy-making. In addition to such a change, food supply situation has deteriorated due to poor harvests and the public's improved diet. Therefore, rice price has been maintained at a considerably high level, and government officials have become aware of the importance of boosting farmers' incomes. But there still is a room for improvement on the part of participants.
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Myślińska, Marzena. "The Processes of Application of Law and the Decision Making in Mediation Process." Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 24, no. 2 (May 27, 2015): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2015.24.2.115.

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Lobão, Júlio. "Culture, learning and rational decision-making: evidence from a TV show." Decyzje 2020, no. 34 (December 15, 2020): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7206/dec.1733-0092.144.

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This paper analyzes the French and the Vietnamese versions of the TV game show “The Price is Right”, using data from 130 episodes. We focus on the bidding game, covering 434 rounds and 1,736 bids. We document that players deviate signifi cantly from what is predicted by the model of rational expectations, especially in the French population. Moreover, Vietnamese fourth bidders are found to win more frequently than their French counterparts in spite of using strategic bids less often. We attribute these results to cultural reasons. Contestants from the collectivistic, uncertainty-tolerant culture (i.e., Vietnam) are more reluctant to engage in strategic bidding than individuals from the individualistic, uncertainty-avoidant culture (i.e., France). However, Vietnamese contestants pay more attention to the estimates of the previous players and thus make a better use of the informational advantage inherent to the sequential nature of the game. Overall, our evidence suggests that culture is an important omitted variable in studies that examine cross-country differences in decision-making.
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Ljubojević, Gordana, and Goran Dašić. "Boards attributes and their implications on decision-making process." Menadzment u hotelijerstvu i turizmu 6, no. 1 (2018): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/menhottur1801019l.

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Abdulzahra Hamdan, Ahmed, and Safaa Ali Hussein. "Cooperative decision-making on fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq using the prisoner’s dilemma." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 4 (December 9, 2020): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(4).2020.08.

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This paper investigates the interaction between fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq after 2003 using the prisoner’s dilemma.The paper aims to determine the best form of coordination between these policies to achieve their goals; payoff matrix for both policies was constructed. To achieve the purpose, the quantitative approach was applied using several methods, including regression, building payoff matrices and decision analysis using a number of software.The results of the monetary policy payment function show that inflation rate has an inverse relationship with the auctions of selling foreign currency and a positive relationship with the government’s activity, while the fiscal policy function shows that real growth is positively related to price levels (the inverted Phillips curve) and correlates with the government’s activity. After using the Gambit Solution to determine the Nash balance, which is achieved through the expansion strategies of both policies to confirm the results, the Promethee-Gaia method was used for multi-criteria decision making. When the two policies interact with similar forces (50% each), the best decision is one of the expansionary strategies that help achieve their main objectives in the short and long term, represented by price stability and economic growth.The main conclusion is that the best way to achieve the goals of economic policy in Iraq is that the coordination of procedures between the two policies should be expansionary, since the Iraqi economy needs to be stimulated due to the under-exploitation of many its sectors, such as agriculture and industry.
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JURTELA, JURIJ. "NOV PRISTOP NAPOVEDOVANJA IN ODLOČANJA V PROCESU IZBIRE IN DELOVANJA NA CILJ." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, VOLUME 2013/ ISSUE 15/1 (May 30, 2013): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179//bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.15.1.4.

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Predmet raziskovanja so procesi odločanja na podlagi večkriterijskih odločitvenih modelov na podlagi mehke logike. Kot interdisciplinarno je področje uporabno tudi v vojaških procesih odločanja, kjer se že uporablja v tehniki vodenja različnih vojaških sistemov in procesih odločanja nabave specialnih vojaških sredstev. Zaznani so pristopi, ki so bližje obravnavani temi procesov odločanja in obvladujejo bolj celovita področja delovanja. Predvsem so z njimi že bile ocenjene grožnje delovanja in ovrednotene metode napovedovanja rezultatov. Kot neraziskane vojaške teme ostajajo procesi odločanja. Ti so zaradi svoje kompleksnosti nekoliko zahtevnejša tema in hkrati večji izziv. Realizacija sistema, ki na podlagi večkriterijskih odločitvenih modelov lažje, hitreje in uspešneje napove odločitveni proces, pa je osnovni cilj dela. The subject of research is the processes of making decisions on the basis of multi- criteria decision models based on fuzzy logic. As an interdisciplinary field, it comes useful in military decision-making processes. In this respect, it is already being used in various military-oriented management systems and decision-making processes in the procurement of specialized military assets. Some approaches have been identified that are closer to the discussed subject of decision-making processes and control more com- prehensive areas of operation. They have mainly been used to assess operation threats and evaluate result prediction methods. Decision-making processes thus remain a non- explored military issue. Due to their complexity, they remain a somewhat difficult topic and at the same time more challenging. The basic aim of this work is therefore the realization of a system, which uses multi-criteria decision-making models to facilitate, speed up and predict more successfully the decision-making process.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Decision-making proce"

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TODELLA, ELENA. "Projecting decisions. The architectural design practice in the folds of decision-making processes." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2845796.

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YILDIZ, GOZDE. "TIME-RELATIONAL PROCESS READING BETWEEN CULTURE AND FORM: TRANSFORMATION PROCESS OF PRIVATELY OWNED INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE SITES AND ACTOR ROLES." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2962240.

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ASSUMMA, VANESSA. "Assessing the Resilience of Socio-Ecological Systems to Shape Scenarios of Territorial Transformation." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2903476.

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Hickernell, Thomas Slocum. "Statistical decision making with a dual detector probe." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184538.

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Conventional imaging techniques for cancer detection have difficulty finding small, deep tumors. Single-detector radiation probes have been developed to search for deep lesions in a patient who has been given a tumor-seeking radiopharmaceutical. These probes perform poorly, however, when the background activity in the patient varies greatly from site to site. We have developed a surgical dual-detector probe that solves the problem of background activity variation, by simultaneously monitoring counts from a region of interest and counts from adjacent normal tissue. A comparison of counts from the detectors can reveal the class of tissue, tumor or normal, in the region of interest. In this dissertation we apply methods from statistical decision theory and derive a suitable comparison of counts to help us decide whether a tumor is present in the region of interest. We use the Hotelling trace criterion with a few assumptions to find a linear discriminant function, which can be reduced to a normalized subtraction of the counts for large background count-rate variations. If area under the ROC curve is our figure of merit, the likelihood ratio is the optimum discriminant. We model likelihood functions of the data given the "tumor" and "no-tumor" hypotheses, and calculate the likelihood ratio. Using a spatial response map of the dual probe, a computer torso phantom, and estimates of activity distribution, we simulate a surgical staging procedure to test the dual probe and the discriminant functions. Results of the simulations show that the dual probe effectively solves the problem of background activity variations when used with any of the discriminant functions derived in this dissertation.
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CAPRIOLI, CATERINA. "Agent-based model and Geographic Information System (GIS): an integrated approach to test sustainable policies and urban transformation scenarios." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2964778.

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Diamantopoulos, Adamantios. "Price decision-making in a multiproduct firm : an empirical analysis." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319517.

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Hammad, Rayan Salem. "Modelling the impact of oil price volatility on investment decision-making." Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5379.

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The energy industry is transforming from the old, vertically integrated model into a more competitive model in which most companies are exposed to different types of risk. One of the major challenges facing energy companies is making investment decision-making associated with the prices of crude oils. Since 1973, crude oil price behaviour has become more volatile, which suggested that different forces were driving crude oil prices. One of the main factors in generating the behaviour of crude oil prices is the role performed by OPEC and non-OPEC crude oil producers. Several theoretical and empirical analyses suggested that the economics behind OPEC’s supply of crude oil is different than those of non-OPEC supply. This study investigates whether prices of OPEC crude oils and prices of non-OPEC crude oils share a common data-generating process. The study empirically tests oil price volatility of OPEC and non-OPEC crude oil prices using GARCH models. It also applies the Johansen Cointegration Model and the Engle-Granger Error Correlation Model (ECM) model to test the long – and short-term relationship between crude prices (OPEC and non-OPEC) and stock prices of different oil companies. Finally, a panel data approach using fixed and random effects is used to estimate the reaction of OPEC and non-OPEC crude oil prices to events and news items that could possibly affect oil supply and prices. The results obtained suggest that the behaviour of crude oil prices is not affected by OPEC or non-OPEC affiliation. This finding suggests that the international oil market is globally integrated market that is able to factor in any possible changes to supply behaviour of OPEC or non-OPEC producers.
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Pawlosky, Annalisa M. (Annalisa Marie). "Single molecule techniques to probe decision-making processes in developmental biology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87503.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This work investigates the fundamental processes used by mammalian cells and organisms to make decisions during embryonic development. Current technologies that evaluate biological phenomenon often force a compromise between quantification of gene expression via bulk assays and qualitative imaging of cell and tissue heterogeneity. There are few options that allow for quantitative, high-resolution, single-cell analysis that is robust but not associated with a high degree of technical difficulty or obscured by amplification. Here, we address these issues using two model systems, the developing mammalian inner ear and single mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) during the process of X inactivation, to demonstrate our ability to perform single-cell, single-molecule assays that reveal both highly quantitative and spatial information. Accordingly, we adapted a high resolution, single-molecule RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization technique (smFISH) to study gene expression in the inner ear and perform allele-specific detection of the X chromosome in mESCs. We used previously-published smFISH procedures as our initial template for investigating biological signaling phenomena in these two systems. To study gene expression in the mouse inner ear, we developed a modified smFISH strategy to investigate mRNA transcript expression patterns in the cochlea during auditory hair cell development. The mammalian cochlea, a highly specialized and complex organ, beautifully demonstrates both the depth and breadth of the smFISH technique. To assay signaling behavior and topological changes of the X chromosome prior to X inactivation, we incorporated a novel allele-specific modification into the smFISH technique. We investigate the allele-specific expression patterns of eight genes that tile the X chromosome, which were chosen for their varied putative roles before, during and after X chromosome inactivation. Taken together, these two systems recapitulate the strength of the smFISH technique and its adaptations. The goals of this thesis were twofold: (1) expand the smFISH technique to work in specialized mammalian systems such as the cochlea and (2) demonstrate allele-specific DNA topological changes and expression patterns in mESCs. Elucidating high-resolution, single-molecule quantifiable imaging methods for application to complex tissues or allele-specific probing will have profound impacts on future investigations and promote a deeper comprehension of these systems.
by Annalisa M. Pawlosky.
Ph. D.
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Watson, Iain. "Internal reference price formation in support of UK and US grocery retail price decision-making." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2630.

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UK and US grocery retailers operate with narrow profit margins; the shelf price of each product sold has a direct affect on these profits. Despite the importance of pricing, grocers adopt sub-optimal risk mitigation tactics rather than profit maximization. Part of a grocer’s perceived pricing risk is their lack of any understanding of customer product price expectation. The academic concept of Internal Reference Price (IRP) represents that price expectation but, despite a large body of research, IRP does not appear to be used in UK or US grocery pricing. This is due in part to academics’ lack of understanding of pricing practitioners’ actual needs and the context they work within, and has led to commercially inappropriate IRP model formulations. This exploratory study corrects this lack of understanding and provides both an integrated theory of pricing behaviour and its context, along with an applied IRP model that has the potential to improve UK and US grocer price decision-making. The models were developed using Classical Grounded Theory based on information from in-depth semi-structured interviews held with 20 UK and US grocery pricing practitioners. The research represents a significant contribution to both the academic and commercial body of knowledge. It does so, firstly, through the provision of an explanatory and predictive grounded theory of grocery pricing behaviour, and secondly through the development of an applied conceptual grounded model of IRP, both of which have been unseen to date.
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Allan, Meredith Leigh. "Price versus brand : assessing the role of price and brand in low-income consumer decision-making." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86272.

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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Growing competition, fuelled by globalisation, has increased the number of alternatives across almost all product categories, leaving consumers overloaded with information and overwhelmed for choice. Brand and price represent two cues that have been found to influence consumer decision-making and which can be used in marketing strategies to create value, and differentiate from competitors in this increasingly competitive climate. Responding to the misconceptions surrounding the decision-making of individuals classified in the low-income market segment, and in light of the significance of Bottom of Pyramid (BOP) supported by Prahalad (2002), this study was undertaken to assess the perceived importance of price and brand in low-income consumers’ decision-making process, and thereby examine the effect of different prices and brands on low-income consumers’ product preference. Primary causal research using a choice-based conjoint (CBC) analysis was conducted on a judgement sample of black female adults. A total of 209 questionnaires were completed through fieldwork of personal interviews in informal settlements in Gauteng. The study used a 5 price presentation (R18.99; R24.99; R28.99; R33.99; R42.99) by 5 brand presentation (Ace, Iwisa, White Star, Mnandi, Ritebrand) between-subjects design in the maize meal product category. The hierarchical Bayes procedure and multinomial logit model were used to analyse the primary data. Results of the descriptive and inferential analysis of the CBC showed that brand was perceived as more important, attributing to 65 per cent of low-income consumers’ decision-making process, opposed to the 35 per cent attributed to price, and that prices and brands had varying effects on low-income consumers’ purchase probabilities. Although lower prices did have higher perceived utilities, the price-sensitivity of low-income consumers was found to be less influential at lower price ranges, suggesting the stronger influence of brand and brand associations on their evaluation of alternatives. Familiar brands (White Star, Ace and Iwisa) were seen to positively influence low-income consumers’ purchase probability by reducing perceived risk, further enhanced by brand credibility as found with Iwisa (which indicated consistent quality) resulting in higher purchase probability. Unfamiliar brands (Mnandi and Ritebrand) were perceived as having low levels of utility, attributed to higher levels of perceived risk and unclear quality inferences. The research conclusions, drawing from secondary research, proposed a model of low-income consumer decision-making that is influenced by various factors, including aversion to loss, and the desire to satisfy aspirations. Varying levels of brand knowledge, brand quality and credibility as well as symbolic value attached to different brands as perceived by low-income consumers, are argued to influence both individuals’ aversion to loss, as well as their aspirational desires, and thus influence the decision-making process. Price and price–quality inferences, brand familiarity, brand–quality inferences, psychological factors and those surrounding the purchase context were found to have influence over the decision-making process of individuals within this market segment. Managerial recommendations emphasise the significance of the BOP as a viable market segment, warn marketers of low-cost pricing strategies, and discuss the importance of employing value-based strategies and leveraging brand to attract, satisfy and retain consumers in this market segment. Managers are challenged to find a balance between perceived quality and reliability and affordable price, in order to operate successfully in the low-income market and offer effective value propositions that provide customer satisfaction while allowing for sustained sales and profits for the firm.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Groeiende mededinging, gedryf deur globalisering, het die aantal alternatiewe in byna alle produkkategorieë laat toeneem, wat verbruikers oorlaai met inligting en oorweldig met keuses. Handelsmerk en prys verteenwoordig twee leiseine wat verbruikersbesluitneming beïnvloed en wat gebruik kan word in bemarkingstrategieë om waarde te skep, en 'n produk van sy mededingers te onderskei in hierdie toenemend mededingende klimaat. In reaksie op die wanopvattings omtrent die besluitneming van individue wat in die lae-inkomste-marksegment geklassifiseer word, en in die lig van die betekenisvolheid van die Bodem van die Piramide (BOP) soos ondersteun deur Pralahad (2002), is hierdie studie onderneem om die waargenome belangrikheid van prys en handelsmerk in lae-inkomste-verbruikers se besluitnemingsproses te assesseer, en sodoende die effek van verskillende pryse en handelsmerke op lae-inkomste-verbruikers se produkvoorkeure te ondersoek. Primêre kousale navorsing deur 'n keusegebaseerde saamgevoegde analise ("choice-based conjoint analysis" of CBC) is uitgevoer op 'n oordeelsteekproef van swart, vroulike volwassenes. 'n Totaal van 209 vraelyste is voltooi deur middel van veldwerk in die vorm van uit persoonlike onderhoude in informele nedersettings in Gauteng. Die studie het 'n tussensubjekte-ontwerp gebruik met 'n 5-prys-aanbieding (R18.99; R24.99; R28.99; R33.99; R42.99) teenoor 'n 5-handelsmerk-aanbieding (Ace, Iwisa, White Star, Mnandi, Ritebrand) in die mieliemeel-produkkategorie. Die hiërargiese Bayes-prosedure en multinomiale logitmodel is gebruik om die primêre data te ontleed. Die resultate van die beskrywende en inferensiële analise van die CBC het gewys dat handelsmerk as meer belangrik waargeneem word, met 65 persent van lae-inkomste-verbruikers se besluitnemingsproses wat daaraan toegeskryf kan word, in vergelyking met 35 persent aan prys. Verder het pryse en handelsmerke wisselende effekte op lae-inkomste-verbruikers se aankoopwaarskynlikhede gehad. Alhoewel laer pryse hoër waargenome bruikbaarhede gehad het, is daar gevind dat die pryssensitiwiteit van lae-inkomste-verbruikers minder invloedryk is in laer prysklasse, wat dui op die sterker invloed van handelsmerke en handelsmerkassosiasies op hulle evaluering van die verskillende alternatiewe. Bekende handelsmerke (White Star, Ace en Iwisa) het lae-inkomste-verbruikers se aankoopwaarskynlikheid positief beïnvloed deur waargenome risiko te verlaag. Hierdie verskynsel is verder versterk deur handelsmerkgeloofwaardigheid, soos gesien by Iwisa (wat konsekwente gehalte aangedui het), wat lei tot hoër aankoopwaarskynlikheid. Onbekende handelsmerke (Mnandi en Ritebrand) is waargeneem as laag in terme van bruikbaarheidsvlakke, wat toegeskryf kan word aan hoër vlakke van waargenome risiko en onduidelike afleidings omtrent gehalte. Die navorsingsgevolgtrekking, wat op grond van sekondêre navorsing gemaak is, stel 'n model van lae-inkomste-verbruikersbesluitneming voor wat deur verskeie faktore beïnvloed word, insluitend 'n afkeer van verlies en die begeerte om aspirasies te bevredig. Wisselende vlakke van handelsmerkkennis, handelsmerkgehalte en -geloofwaardigheid, asook die simboliese waarde wat aan verskillende handelsmerke geheg word soos waargeneem deur lae-inkomste-verbruikers, beïnvloed sowel individue se afkeer van verlies as hulle aspirasionele behoeftes, en beïnvloed dus die besluitnemingsproses. Daar is gevind dat afleidings omtrent prys, prys teenoor gehalte en handelsmerk teenoor gehalte, handelsmerkbekendheid, sielkundige faktore en faktore vanuit die aankoopkonteks 'n invloed het op die besluitnemingsproses van individue binne hierdie marksegment. Bestuursaanbevelings beklemtoon die belangrikheid van die BOP as 'n lewensvatbare marksegment, waarsku bemarkers teen laekoste-prysingstrategieë, en bespreek die belang daarvan om waardegebaseerde strategieë te gebruik en handelsmerke te hefboom om verbruikers in hierdie marksegment te lok, te bevredig en te behou. Bestuurders word uitgedaag om 'n balans te vind tussen waargenome gehalte en betroubaarheid en bekostigbare pryse, ten einde suksesvol in die lae-inkomstemark te funksioneer en doeltreffende waardeproposisies te bied wat verbruikersbevrediging verskaf, maar steeds ruimte laat vir volgehoue verkope en winste vir die firma.
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Books on the topic "Decision-making proce"

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Habuda, Ludwik. Administracja i polityka: Proces decyzyjny w administracji publicznej. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2000.

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Aepli, Pierre. Proces donošenja odluka u policiji: Operacije i upravljanje. Beograd: Kriminalističko-policijska akademija, 2012.

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Crvenkovska, Biljana. Devet prikazni za gospoǵica Sit: Roman-sontazija. Skopje: Čudna šuma, 2019.

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1951-, Ilic Marija D., ed. Price-based commitment decisions in the electricity market. London: Springer, 1999.

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Current cost/constant dollar accounting and its uses in the managerial decision-making process. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas, 1986.

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Retail category management: Decision support systems for assortment, shelf space, inventory and price planning. Heidelberg: Springer, 2011.

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editor, Rytel-Warzocha Anna, ed. Prace Sejmu RP VI i VII kadencji: Zbiór opinii konstytucyjnoprawnych. Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, 2015.

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Office, General Accounting. Decision making process for farm program policies needs to be improved: Report to the Secretary of Agriculture. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1985.

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Mehlman, Maxwell J. The price of perfection: Individualism and society in the era of biomedical enhancement. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009.

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Barberis, Nicholas. Prospect theory and asset prices. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Decision-making proce"

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Adams, John, and Linda Juleff. "Non-price competition." In Managerial economics for Decision Making, 195–223. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-21432-3_8.

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Oviedo-Gómez, Andrés, Juan Manuel Candelo-Viáfara, and Diego Fernando Manotas-Duque. "Bitcoin Price Forecasting Through Crypto Market Variables: Quantile Regression and Machine Learning Approaches." In Handbook on Decision Making, 253–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08246-7_11.

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MacLean, Leonard, and Yonggan Zhao. "Asset Price Dynamics: Shocks and Regimes." In Optimal Financial Decision Making under Uncertainty, 35–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41613-7_2.

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Bao, Helen. "Endowment effect and house price determination." In Behavioural Science and Housing Decision Making, 78–94. Abingon, Oxon : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429027253-6.

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Xiao, Jitian, and Panida Subsorn. "A New Latex Price Forecasting Model to Reduce the Risk of Rubber Overproduction in Thailand." In Handbook on Decision Making, 191–203. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25755-1_10.

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Haws, Kelly L. "How does price influence food decision making?" In Mapping Out Marketing, 127–29. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315112602-38.

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Lu, Yuan. "Price Decision-making: Economic Motives and Societal Constraints." In Management Decision-Making in Chinese Enterprises, 57–79. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25037-0_5.

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Langbort, Cédric. "A Mechanism Design Approach to Dynamic Price-Based Control of Multi-Agent Systems." In Distributed Decision Making and Control, 113–29. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2265-4_5.

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Sankarakumaraswamy, Saravanya, Arshinder Kaur, Chandrasekharan Rajendran, and Hans Ziegler. "A Study on Inventory Models for Perishable Items in a Serial Supply Chain Operating with Price Markdowns." In Studies in Quantitative Decision Making, 75–98. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5820-4_4.

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Ozenbas, Deniz, Michael S. Pagano, Robert A. Schwartz, and Bruce W. Weber. "Experiencing Market Dynamics with TraderEx: A Trading Decision-Making Simulation." In Classroom Companion: Business, 87–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74817-3_5.

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AbstractTrading education is vital for success in the securities and investments industry. Are apprenticeships and time on an institutional trading desk the only way to learn how to trade? Do you need to work with real orders and have real money at risk to gain experience interacting with the dynamic process of price formation? The answers are no and no. Trading simulations that are well-designed can create experiences with price discovery and impose the challenges of illiquidity in ways that replicate the learning accomplished (and pressures felt) on a real trading desk. With TraderEx, you will appreciate the complexity of trading and understand it as a distinct profession within the financial industry, even if it is not always thought of as such in business school curriculum.
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Conference papers on the topic "Decision-making proce"

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Caccianiga, Guido, and Katherine J. Kuchenbecker. "Dense 3D Reconstruction Through Lidar: A New Perspective on Computer-Integrated Surgery." In The Hamlyn Symposium on Medical Robotics: "MedTech Reimagined". The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College London London, UK, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31256/hsmr2022.31.

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Technical innovations in sensing and computation are quickly advancing the field of computer-integrated surgery. From one side, spectral imaging and biophoton- ics are strongly contributing to intraoperative diagnostics and decision making. Simultaneously, learning-based algorithms are reshaping the concept of assistance and prediction in surgery. In this fast-evolving panorama, we strongly believe there is still a need for robust geometric reconstruction of the surgical field whether the goal is traditional surgical assistance or partial or full autonomy. 3D reconstruction in surgery has been investigated almost only in the space of mono and stereoscopic visual imaging because surgeons always view the proce- dure through a clinical endoscope. Compared to using traditional computer vision, deep learning has made significant progress in creating high-quality 3D recon- structions and dense maps from such data streams, especially for monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) [1]. The main limitations are linked to reliability, generalization, and computational cost. Meanwhile, lidar (light detection and ranging) has greatly expanded in use, especially in SLAM for robotics, terrestrial vehicles, and drones. Lidar sensors explicitly measure the depth field rather than inferring it from camera images. The technology is evolving quickly thanks to the upsurge of mixed and augmented reality in consumer mobile devices [2]: high-resolution, short- range, miniaturized lidar sensors are expected soon. In parallel to these developments, the concept of multiple-viewpoint surgical imaging was proposed in the early 2010’s in the context of magnetic actuation and micro-invasive surgery [3]. In routine clinical practice, however, the use of multiple trans-abdominal cannulae still limits the kinematics of the camera and instruments to have a fixed pivot point at the body wall. For this reason, here we propose an approach in which each surgical cannula can potentially hold a miniature lidar. We envision that exploring this powerful sensing tech- nology and enabling multi-viewpoint imaging without disrupting the current surgical workflow will yield far more accurate and complete 3D reconstructions of the surgical field, which opens new opportunities for the future of computer-integrated surgery.
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Xin, Cheng, Siqi Chen, and Yaqiong Liu. "Research on Information Price of Prefabricated Power Equipment and Materials." In 2021 International Conference on Big Data and Intelligent Decision Making (BDIDM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bdidm53834.2021.00038.

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Soni, Ankit, Nees Jan van Eck, and Uzay Kaymak. "Prediction of Stock Price Movements Based on Concept Map Information." In 2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcdm.2007.369438.

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Fang, Yanli, Yan Chen, and Xin Li. "Joint decision making about price and duration of discount airfares." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2017.8289845.

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Chawda, Sandeep, Parul Mathuria, Rohit Bhakar, Sreenu Sreekumar, Vivek Prakash, and Falti Teotia. "Retailer risk-based trading decision making model under price responsive demand." In 2017 6th International Conference on Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering-Recent Advances (CERA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cera.2017.8343321.

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Stalovinaitė, Ilona, Nijolė Maknickienė, and Raimonda Martinkutė-Kaulienė. "Investigation of decision making support in digital trading." In 11th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2020“. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2020.510.

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In order to trade successfully investors are looking for the best method to determine possible directions of the price changes of financial means. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the results of digital trading using different decision-making techniques. The paper examines deep learning technique known as Long Short – Term Memory (LSTM) neural network and parabolic stop and reverse (SAR) technical indicator as possible means for decision-making support. Based on an investigation of theoretical and practical aspects of digital trading and its support possibilities, investment portfolios in real-time “IQ Option” digital trading platform were created. Short-term results show that investment portfolios created using LSTM neural network performed better compared to the ones that were created using technical analysis. The study contributes to the development of new decision-making algorithms that can be used for forecasting of the results in the financial markets.
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Alamaniotis, Miltiadis, and Georgios Karagiannis. "ELM-Fuzzy Method for Automated Decision-Making in Price Directed Electricity Markets." In 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2019.8916549.

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Cui, Peng, and Hui Wang. "Decision-making System of Travel Route Price Comparison Based on Cloud Computing." In 2016 4th International Conference on Electrical & Electronics Engineering and Computer Science (ICEEECS 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceeecs-16.2016.56.

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Reicherts, Leon, Gun Woo Park, and Yvonne Rogers. "Extending Chatbots to Probe Users: Enhancing Complex Decision-Making Through Probing Conversations." In CUI 2022: 4th Conference on Conversational User Interfaces. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3543829.3543832.

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Khuziakhmetova, Guzel, Vitaly Martynov, and Kai Heinrich. "DSS for Oil Price Prediction Using Machine Learning." In Proceedings of the 7th Scientific Conference on Information Technologies for Intelligent Decision Making Support (ITIDS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itids-19.2019.17.

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Reports on the topic "Decision-making proce"

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Lempert, Robert J., Michelle Miro, and Diogo Prosdocimi. A DMDU Guidebook for Transportation Planning Under a Changing Climate. Edited by Benoit Lefevre and Ernesto Monter Flores. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003042.

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The effects of climate-related natural hazards pose a significant threat to sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region and in particular its transportation sector. Risk Management provides an appropriate framework for assessing and mitigating the impacts of climate change and other climate-related natural hazards on transportation systems and choosing actions to enhance their resilience. However, analysts and policymakers involved in transportation planning, policy, and investment face significant challenges in managing the risks triggered by the effects of climate change. Climate change impacts the lifespan of roads, airports, and railroads as they have time horizons that surpass 40 years, thus making it harder (if not impossible) to forecast with confidence all relevant future events that will affect such infrastructure. In addition, the climate has already changed, so the return frequency of storms, for example, and other extreme events may now be different than suggested by the historical record in ways that are not always currently well understood. Implementing Risk Management under conditions of such uncertainty can prove difficult. Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty (DMDU) enables Risk Management under conditions of Deep Uncertainty, that is when risks cannot confidently be quantified. This guidebook is aligned with the Disaster and Climate Change Risk Assessment Methodology for IDB projects (IDB 2018) and introduces and provides guidance on applying methods for Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty (DMDU) to transportation planning. It presents the methodological steps that are necessary for the implementation of DMDU methodologies and reviews several such methods, including scenario planning, Adaptive Pathways, and robust decision making (RDM). This review is geared towards supporting the incorporation of DMDU methods into IDBs transportation sector funding and planning processes.
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Nitz, Peter, and Jürgen Fluch. Collection of available solar process heat related national and trans-national research and funding programs. IEA SHC Task 64, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task64-2021-0001.

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Within Task 64/IV Solar Process Heat, Subtask E Guideline to Market is aiming to support a wider penetration of solar thermal technologies in the supply of heating (and cooling) in industry, demonstrating Solar Heat for Industrial Processes (SHIP) to be an important contribution to the decarbonisation of the industrial sector. This requires not only to overcome technical and/or technological barriers, but it is crucial to also address on technical barriers. Whereas well suited system integration strategies, design tools, standardized procedures or modular components are all in all paramount for the development of reliable and prompt off the shelve solutions, experience shows that often non-technological barriers might have a critical role in the decision making process. Above all, competitiveness and investment/financing related barriers prove in many cases to be the bottleneck for the adoption of solar thermal technologies in the industrial framework.
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Connors, Caitlin, Laura Malan, Murel Esposito, Claire Madden, Nefeli Trikka, Mel Cohen, Faun Rothery, et al. UK Public’s Interests, Needs and Concerns Around Food. Food Standards Agency, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ihw534.

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This qualitative and quantitative research explored UK consumer views and priorities in relation to our responsibilities around food hygiene and safety, but also around wider interests the public see critical in shaping their food choices and lives including: health and nutrition environment and ethics price quality and convenience consumer versus business power potential food futures The top priorities for consumers, and where they would like action taken on their behalf, are around ensuring: hygiene and safety standards are maintained or strengthened equitable access to safe, healthy, affordable food easy informed decision making trustworthy food information In the context of the UK, they would like to ensure farmers and UK agriculture are protected and that locally produced food is accessible. In the wider context of the system, consumers would like action on animal welfare and waste (food and packaging), and in the long term a steer towards fair, ethical and sustainable food systems.
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Lagutin, Andrey, and Tatyana Sidorina. SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AMONG CADETS OF MILITARY INSTITUTES. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/self-government.

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When carrying out professional activities, officers of the VNG of the Russian Federation are often in difficult, stressful, emotionally stressful situations associated with the use of weapons as a particularly dangerous means of destruction. The right to use a weapon by an officer makes him responsible for its use. And therefore requires the officer to make a balanced optimal decision, which is associated with the risk and transience of events, and in which no mistake can be made, since the price of it can be someone's life. It is at such a moment that it is important that the officer has stable skills in making a decision on the use of weapons, and this requires skills not only in managing subordinates or the situation,but in managing himself. The complication of the military-professional activity, manifested in the need to develop the ability to quickly and accurately make command decisions, exacerbating the problem of social responsibility of an officer who has the management of unit that leads to an understanding of his singular personal and professional responsibility, as the ability to govern themselves makes it possible to achieve a positive result of the Department for the DBA. This characterizes the need for a commander to have the ability to manage himself, as a "system" that manages others. Forming skills of self-control, patience, compassion, having mastered algorithms of making managerial decisions, the cycle of implementing managerial functions, etc., a person comes to the belief: "before effectively managing others, it is necessary to learn how to manage yourself." The required level of personal and professional maturity can be formed in a person as a result of purposeful self-management, which determines the special role of professional and personal self-management in the training of future officers.
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