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Journal articles on the topic 'Decision directed equalizers'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Leng, Ke Cheng, Cheng Bie, Xi Gong, Ran Xu, and Ye Cai Guo. "An Optimized Combination of Frequency Domain Adaptive Equalizers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 766–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.766.

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In order to overcome the defects of the high computational loads and selecting the threshold of mean square error (MSE) for time domain decision-directed constant modulus blind equalization algorithm (DD+CMA), a frequency domain parallel decision multi-modulus blind equalization algorithm based on frequency domain MMA(FMMA) and frequency domain LMS (FLMS) algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm is composed of the FMMA and FLMS, and the FMMA and FLMS run automatically in soft switching parallel manner. In running process, it is not necessary to selecting the threshold of the MSE. Moreover, the computational loads can be reduced by circular convolution in the frequency domain signals instead of linear one of the time domain signals. Simulation results show that performance of the proposed algorithm outperforms the FLMS and the FMMA algorithm.

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2

Kennedy, R. A., G. Pulford, B. D. O. Anderson, and R. R. Bitmead. "When has a decision-directed equalizer converged?" IEEE Transactions on Communications 37, no. 8 (1989): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.31188.

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3

Chan, Kit Yan, Siow Yong Low, Sven Nordholm, and Ka Fai Cedric Yiu. "A Decision-Directed Adaptive Gain Equalizer for Assistive Hearing Instruments." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 63, no. 8 (August 2014): 1886–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2302242.

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4

Siller, C. A., and W. Debus. "Decision-directed fractionally spaced equalizer control using time-domain interpolation." IEEE Transactions on Communications 39, no. 2 (1991): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.76450.

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5

Hu, Wanru, Zhugang Wang, Ruru Mei, and Meiyan Lin. "A Simple and Robust Equalization Algorithm for Variable Modulation Systems." Electronics 10, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10202496.

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This paper proposes a simple and robust variable modulation-decision-directed least mean square (VM-DDLMS) algorithm for reducing the complexity of conventional equalization algorithms and improving the stability of variable modulation (VM) systems. Compared to conventional adaptive equalization algorithms, known information was used as training sequences to reduce the bandwidth consumption caused by inserting training sequences; compared with conventional blind equalization algorithms, the parameters and decisions of the equalizer were determinate, which was conducive to a stable equalization performance. The simulation and implementation results show that the proposed algorithm has a better bit error rate (BER) performance than that of the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and modified constant modulus algorithm (MCMA) while maintaining the same level of consumption of hardware resources. Compared to the conventional decision-directed least mean square (DDLMS) algorithm, the proposed algorithm only needs to make quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbol decisions, which reduces the computational complexity. In parallel 11th-order equalization algorithms, the operating frequency of VM-DDLMS can reach up to 333.33 MHz.

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6

Suyama, Satoshi, Junichi Onodera, Hiroshi Suzuki, and Kazuhiko Fukawa. "Decision-directed phase noise compensation for millimeter-wave single carrier systems with iterative frequency-domain equalization." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 2, no. 3-4 (July 8, 2010): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078710000516.

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This paper proposes a receiver that repeats iterative frequency-domain equalization (FDE) and decision-directed phase noise compensation (DD-PNC) to alleviate degradation due to the phase noise for millimeter-wave single carrier (SC) systems. High bit-rate SC-FDE transceivers based on the single-chip Si RF-CMOS IC technology in the 60-GHz millimeter-wave band have been extensively studied for wireless personal area network (WPAN) systems, and the relatively large phase noise in a phase-locked loop (PLL) synthesizer severely degrades transmission performance. In an initial processing of the proposed receiver, a cyclic prefix (CP)-based phase noise compensator (CP-PNC) removes the phase noise from a time-domain received signal by using CP, which is known to the receiver, and the channel is equalized by the iterative FDE using the conventional minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) weight. In an iterative processing, DD-PNC estimates the phase noise each symbol by exploiting an output of a channel decoder, and then compensates the time-domain received signal for the phase noise by using the estimate. In order to equalize the compensated received signal, the iterative FDE performs both the MMSE filtering and residual inter-symbol interference cancelation using the decoder output. Computer simulations following the 60-GHz WPAN standard demonstrate that in the 64QAM with the coding rate of 3/4, the proposed receiver with three iterations can drastically remove the phase noise of −85 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, and that it can achieve excellent transmission performance.

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7

Kim, Seunghwan, Hyung-In Ra, Hyun-Woo Jeong, Chang-Hyun Youn, Kyeong pil Yang, In-Soo Kim, and Seokjun Ko. "Joint equalizer and phase-locked loop for time variability in underwater acoustic communications." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011346.

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In this paper, we verify the performance of the equalizer and phase-locked loop (PLL) operating jointly for channel time variability in underwater acoustic communications. We apply the decision feedback equalizer in order to eliminate channel multipath and PLL to phase rotation due to Doppler effects. In the PLL, a decision-directed tan−1 type phase detector is adopted. As shown in previous papers, it is difficult to make PLL to be steady state because of time-varying ISI occurred by multipath. Also, the phase rotation incurs the equalizer tap rotation. Therefore, we can see that the two subsystems of equalizer and PLL complement each other perfectly. Another issue is the convergence speed; how quickly we can make the joint equalizer and PLL to be stable state within the preamble period (known data). In order to verify the performance, the sea experiments were conducted in the condition of moving transmitter. The transmitted signal is modulated by using PSK and consists of five burst frames that are composed of preamble of PN code and random data. As a result, if we use the initial multipath value and Doppler frequency offset, we can make the joint equalizer and PLL to be the steady state more quickly.

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8

Li, Xiang, Wen-De Zhong, Arokiaswami Alphones, and Changyuan Yu. "Time-Domain Adaptive Decision-Directed Channel Equalizer for RGI-DP-CO-OFDM." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 26, no. 3 (February 2014): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2013.2292694.

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9

Hadj Kacem, Imed, Noura Sellami, Inbar Fijalkow, and Aline Roumy. "Training Sequence Length Optimization for a Turbo-Detector Using Decision-Directed Channel Estimation." Research Letters in Communications 2008 (2008): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/860368.

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We consider the problem of optimization of the training sequence length when a turbo-detector composed of a maximuma posteriori(MAP) equalizer and a MAP decoder is used. At each iteration of the receiver, the channel is estimated using the hard decisions on the transmitted symbols at the output of the decoder. The optimal length of the training sequence is found by maximizing an effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) taking into account the data throughput loss due to the use of pilot symbols.

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10

Mousa-Pasandi, Mohammad E., and David V. Plant. "Zero-overhead phase noise compensation via decision-directed phase equalizer for coherent optical OFDM." Optics Express 18, no. 20 (September 14, 2010): 20651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.18.020651.

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11

Krstić, Vladimir R., and Miroslav L. Dukić. "Decision Feedback Blind Equalizer with Tap-Leaky Whitening for Stable Structure-Criterion Switching." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/987039.

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The research presented in this paper improves the structure-criterion switching performance of the blind decision feedback equalizer (DFE) which eliminates error propagation effects by optimizing both the structure and the cost criterion. To conquer the complexity of the 64-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulated) signal constellation, the stochastic entropy-gradient algorithm is additionally regularized by the coefficient leaky term to avoid a coefficients norm overgrowth of the received signal whitener. Effectively, the leak of coefficients is employed to ensure a stable structure-criterion switching of DFE between blind and decision-directed operation modes. The optimization of the resulting whitening algorithm is achieved by means of two free, leaky and entropic, parameters which act in opposition to each other. Both, the influence of the 64-QAM signal on the feedback filter behavior and the parametric optimization of the whitening algorithm are analyzed through simulations.

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12

Wern-Ho Sheen, Chin-Peng Tsai, and Ten Long Dang. "Decision-directed compensation of modulation-index drift for high bit rate equalized GMSK radio LANs." IEEE Communications Letters 3, no. 5 (May 1999): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/4234.766848.

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13

Lee, Won Cheol. "Space–Time Adaptive Decision-Directed Equalizer Based on NLMS-Like Affine Projection Algorithm Using Iterative Hyperplane Projection." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 56, no. 5 (September 2007): 2790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2007.900394.

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14

Li, Di, Haiping Song, Wen Cheng, Lei Deng, Mengfan Cheng, Songnian Fu, Ming Tang, and Deming Liu. "180 Gb/s PAM8 Signal Transmission in Bandwidth-Limited IMDD System Enabled by Tap Coefficient Decision Directed Volterra Equalizer." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 19890–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2968128.

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15

Mousa-Pasandi, Mohammad E., Qunbi Zhuge, Xian Xu, Mohamed M. Osman, Mathieu Chagnon, and David V. Plant. "Experimental Study of a novel adaptive decision-directed channel equalizer in 28 GBaud RGI-DP-CO-OFDM transport systems." Optics Express 20, no. 15 (July 11, 2012): 17017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.017017.

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16

Fan, Chih-Peng, Chia-Hao Fang, Hao-Jun Hu, and Wan-Ning Hsu. "Design and analyses of a fast feed-forward blind equalizer with two-stage generalized multilevel modulus and soft decision-directed scheme for high-order QAM cable downstream receivers." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 56, no. 4 (November 2010): 2132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2010.5681082.

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17

Xu, Tongtong, Zheng Xiang, Hua Yang, Yun Chen, Jun Luo, and Yutao Zhang. "Concurrent Modified Constant Modulus Algorithm and Decision Directed Scheme With Barzilai-Borwein Method." Frontiers in Neurorobotics 15 (June 10, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2021.699221.

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At present, in robot technology, remote control of robot is realized by wireless communication technology, and data anti-interference in wireless channel becomes a very important part. Any wireless communication system has an inherent multi-path propagation problem, which leads to the expansion of generated symbols on a time scale, resulting in symbol overlap and Inter-symbol Interference (ISI). ISI in the signal must be removed and the signal restores to its original state at the time of transmission or becomes as close to it as possible. Blind equalization is a popular equalization method for recovering transmitted symbols of superimposed noise without any pilot signal. In this work, we propose a concurrent modified constant modulus algorithm (MCMA) and the decision-directed scheme (DDS) with the Barzilai-Borwein (BB) method for the purpose of blind equalization of wireless communications systems (WCS). The BB method, which is two-step gradient method, has been widely employed to solve multidimensional unconstrained optimization problems. Considering the similarity of equalization process and optimization process, the proposed algorithm combines existing blind equalization algorithm and Barzilai-Borwein method, and concurrently operates a MCMA equalizer and a DD equalizer. After that, it modifies the DD equalizer's step size (SS) by the BB method. Theoretical investigation was involved and it demonstrated rapid convergence and improved equalization performance of the proposed algorithm compared with the original one. Additionally, the simulation results were consistent with the proposed technique.

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