Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Décision de mode intra'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Décision de mode intra.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Zouidi, Naïma. "Complexity reduction of VVC encoder using machine learning techniques : intra-prediction." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAR0016.
In July 2020, the new video coding standard Versatile Video Coding (VVC), was released by the Joint Video Expert Team (JVET). This standard enables a higher level of versatility with a better compression performance compared to its predecessor, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Indeed, it introduces several new coding tools such as finer-granularity Intra prediction Modes (IPMs), and nested Multi-type Tree (QTMT) and finer-granularity Intra Prediction Modes (IPM). Because finding the best encoding decisions is usually preceded by optimizing the Rate Distortion (RD) cost, introducing new coding tools or enhancing existing ones would require additional computations. In fact, the VVC is 31 times more complex than the HEVC. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to reduce the computational complexity of the VVC. First, it studies the upper bound of complexity reduction in the intra mode decision of the VVC. Then, proposes two fast decision algorithms for the intra mode decision based on machine learning algorithms such as Multi-Task Learning (MTL) and Light-Gradient Boosting Machine (Light-GBM) were proposed
Vrellos, Nikolaos. "Mixed mode intra-laminar fracture in carbon/epoxy composites." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518678.
Crocker, Louise. "Mixed mode intra-laminar fracture in glass/epoxy laminates." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804468/.
Hallaoui, Abdelmjid. "Le consensus comme mode de prise de décision à l'OMC." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0005.
Even if consensus as mode of decision-making is a principle which is supposed to guarantee the equity and the participation of all of the members, the results of the multilateral negotiations are often, unfortunately, in favour of the developed countries. The great losers are the poor members. Is consensus at WTO in a crisis? The principal cause isn't that this organisation was created for the firs countries, and not for the last ones. It seems that WTO want to be presented as an Organisation for all members, but, in fact all members are not for WTO. Our work end by the conclusion that the world need not just one trade organisation, but several ones which can satisfy the needs of citizens, according to the development levels of their countries; and if WTO should to subsist, it is just to stay as a forum of discussion ,but not an organ of decision making
Ho, Chinh Quoc. "An Investigation of Intra-Household Interactions in Travel Mode Choice." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9533.
Carrillo, Paloma. "Essais en économie du développement : prise de décision intra-familiale et gestion publique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU10011.
One of the main objectives of development economics is to produce findings that easily translate into policy recommendations. My thesis explores two topics that can influence policies aimed at empowering women and improving the functioning of public institutions in Latin America. In the first two chapters, I investigate the impact of gender norms and exposure to violence on women's decision-making power within households in Mexico. In the third chapter, I examine how reducing information frictions can enhance the use of public administrative data to improve the management and services of courts in Chile.In the first chapter, I investigate why working mothers in Mexico dedicate an average of eighteen hours more to weekly paid and unpaid work than fathers. Particularly, I examine the role gender norms play in determining this work time disparity. To do so, I extend a collective labor supply model with household production to include gender norms and estimate it using Mexican survey data from 2002, 2005, and 2009. The model predictions can replicate the changes in total work time disparity over time. I find that more egalitarian gender norms reduce the total work time disparity between spouses and that their impact is comparable with that of wages. For example, a 16 percentage-point increase in a gender norm index between 2002 and 2005 caused a 2.6-hour decrease in total work time disparity mainly through an increase in women's bargaining power. To achieve the same 2.6-hour reduction, women's wages would need to increase by 11% over 2005 levels.In the second chapter, using longitudinal data on household decision-making in Mexico, I explore the impact of a violence environment, measured by homicides, on spouses' decisions and their bargaining power. I find that an increase in the homicide rate decreases the number of decisions taken by women and men, thus reducing the number of decisions taken jointly. For example, the average increase of 9.3 homicides in the twelve-month homicide rate during the War on Drugs caused couples to decrease the number of joint decisions by 6% from its baseline. The changes in joint decisions represent a reversal into more historical gender spheres of decisions, with men lowering their participation in decisions about children's education and clothing while women reducing their decisions on male private consumption goods and large expenditures. Suggesting that although the reduction in number of decisions was similar for both women and men, community violence might dis-empower women in the household.The last topic I analyse in this thesis relates to public institutions. In Latin America, there is a wealth of administrative data available from public institutions. However, a lack of data management and analytic skills is a significant barrier to utilizing this data for evidence-based decision-making. In the third chapter, co-authored with Daniel Chen, Manuel Ramos-Masqueda, and Bernardo Silveira, we examine the extent to which information frictions in management are a meaningful barrier to court productivity in Chile. First, we randomly promote the use of an online platform featuring court statistics through email campaigns directed towards court managers. Second, within this platform, we simplify the main homepage feedback containing the information on court statistics and randomize managers' access to it. We find that the email promotion and the simplification of the homepage feedback enhance court productivity across multiple indicators. For instance, the new simplified homepage increased case clearance by one standard deviation for those who log into the platform. Additionally, we find that the treatments are more effective for more experienced court managers, who have less accurate baseline beliefs. This suggests that reducing information frictions not only enhances overall court performance but also helps bridge the performance gap between less and more experienced court managers
Abduraman, Alina Elma. "Structuration intra-programme de contenus TV." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0027.
TV programs have an underlying structure that is lost when these are broadcasted. The linear mode is the only available reading mode when viewing programs recorded using a Personal Video Recorder or through a TV-on-Demand service. The fast-forward/backward functions are the only available tools for browsing. In this context, program structuring becomes important in order to provide users with novel and useful browsing features. In addition to advanced browsing features, TV program structuring can also be used for summarization, indexing and querying, archiving, etc. This thesis addresses the problem of unsupervised TV program structuring. The idea is to automatically recover the original structure of the program by finding the start time of each part composing it. The proposed approach is completely unsupervised and addresses a large category of programs like TV games, magazines, news…. It is based on the detection of “separators” which are short audio/visual sequences that delimit the different parts of a program. To do so, audio and visual recurrences are first detected from a set of episodes of a same program. In order to extract the separators, the recurrences are then classified using decision trees. These are built based on attributes issued from techniques like applause detection, scenes segmentation, face and speaker detection and clustering
Alay, Ozgu. "Fast Intra/inter Mode Decision For A Real-time H.264 Streaming System." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607355/index.pdf.
Abduraman, Alina Elma. "Structuration intra-programme de contenus TV." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0027/document.
TV programs have an underlying structure that is lost when these are broadcasted. The linear mode is the only available reading mode when viewing programs recorded using a Personal Video Recorder or through a TV-on-Demand service. The fast-forward/backward functions are the only available tools for browsing. In this context, program structuring becomes important in order to provide users with novel and useful browsing features. In addition to advanced browsing features, TV program structuring can also be used for summarization, indexing and querying, archiving, etc. This thesis addresses the problem of unsupervised TV program structuring. The idea is to automatically recover the original structure of the program by finding the start time of each part composing it. The proposed approach is completely unsupervised and addresses a large category of programs like TV games, magazines, news…. It is based on the detection of “separators” which are short audio/visual sequences that delimit the different parts of a program. To do so, audio and visual recurrences are first detected from a set of episodes of a same program. In order to extract the separators, the recurrences are then classified using decision trees. These are built based on attributes issued from techniques like applause detection, scenes segmentation, face and speaker detection and clustering
Delavallade, Thomas. "Evaluation des risques de crise, appliquée à la détection des conflits armés intra-étatiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00230663.
Si de nombreuses cellules de veille ont été mises en place, tant au niveau de l'entreprise, qu'au niveau des institutions nationales et internationales, la quantité d'information potentiellement pertinente pour un sujet donné est parfois telle que la mise à disposition d'outils automatisant tout ou partie du traitement de cette information répond à un besoin réel, sinon à une nécessité.
Dans cette optique, dans cette thèse, nous proposons un système générique d'aide à l'anticipation de crises. Notre objectif est de fournir une synthèse d'une situation donnée, d'un point de vue structurel et non événementiel, via l'identification des crises potentielles ainsi que des principaux facteurs de risque associés. Le système que nous proposons repose sur l'apprentissage supervisé de règles de décision floues.
La qualité des données d'apprentissage étant problématique dans de nombreuses applications, nous proposons, dans nos travaux, une étude approfondie sur la chaîne de prétraitement, et en particulier sur le traitement des valeurs manquantes et sur la sélection d'attributs. Nous avons également mis l'accent sur l'évaluation et la sélection de modèles afin de pouvoir adapter les modèles de détection au problème à traiter, ainsi qu'aux besoins de l'utilisateur final.
La synthèse des résultats fournis par notre système étant destiné à des utilisateurs en charge de la veille stratégique, des outils d'aide au raisonnement et à la compréhension de cette synthèse sont également proposés.
Pour juger de l'intérêt de notre méthodologie nous détaillons son application à un problème concret : la détection des conflits armés intra-étatiques.
Zarate, Pascale. "Des Systèmes Interactifs d'Aide à la Décision aux Systèmes Coopératifs d'Aide à la Décision : Contributions conceptuelles et fonctionnelles." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274718.
Pelé, Martine. "Le mode de fixation des prix dans l'entreprise : vers une plus grande rationalité de la décision." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010012.
Galle, Marion. "Le Processus de décision en matière de pollution : une étude du jeu conflictuel comme mode de régulation." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010029.
Penhoat, Joël. "Méthode hiérarchisée et distribuée de sélection d'un réseau radio et d'un mode de transmission." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S113.
The widespread deployment of heterogeneous wireless networks, the success of smartphones, and the implementation of social networks, create new behaviours among Internet users. Each user becomes a source of information to the community to which he belongs. The sources of information being linked to the users, they become mobile and numerous. The IP Multicast architectures are not suited to these new behaviours. In the first part of our thesis, we analyze the existing works aiming to adapt these new multicast architectures to these new behaviours. But the deployment of architectures capable of taking into account these new behaviours can degrade the quality of services received or emitted by a user. Besides, as the users are mobile, the quality of the services they receive or transmit also depends on the radio networks to which they connect. In the second part of our thesis, we show, in the first place, that the process implemented to manage the mobility between heterogeneous radio networks in the architectures defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project is not completely defined and does not allow the users and the service providers to participate in the process of selection of the target radio network. Secondly, we show that, in the Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service architecture and in the architecture defined by the european project called Context Casting, the users and the service providers do not participate in the process of selection of the transmission mode, multicast versus unicast. After having shown that the users and the service providers do not participate in the process of selection of a radio network and a transmission mode, we propose a process in which the Internet users, the network operators and the service providers participate in the choice of a radio network and a transmission mode
Schmeltzer, Christophe. "Apparition et disparition du renversement de préférence : effet du mode d'évaluation." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10067.
Bichon, Simon. "Le mode projet dans le système de décision des organisations bureaucratiques : Le cas des projets internes d'une collectivité territoriale." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1009.
This research, performed on the field-based approach, aims to give a more intelligible view of the project mode in the decision-making system within bureaucratic organizations. As this subject lacked of both conceptual and empiric evidences, it was analyzed on a real-time and longitudinal basis by means of embedded case study, composed of five internal projects performed in a territorial community. To advance deeper with the complexity of the subject, a conceptual frame was specifically done on the basis of a multidimensional approach. Then, several methological tools, from floating observation to action-research, were mobilized in order to identify if the practices tackled are either originated in a singular or repetitive approach. Finally, this thesis results, highly revealed through the exercise of reflexivity, show us that the analysis of the mode project in decision-making system within a bureaucratic organization can’t be lead without using the concept of instantiation. Moreover, within the public bureaucracies, the internal projects suffer from an unachieved instantiation, undermining their efficiency
Piloyan, Torgom. "How does the ethnic kinship affect the mode of provided external support in an intra-state armed conflict?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-361641.
German, Isabel. "La construction de la vérité au sein de la justice pénale restaurative intra-judiciaire : équité et justice épistémiques dans la décision juridique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PAUU2157.
Given the relevant role of the communicative interaction in the restorative justice model, this thesis has focused on knowing and understanding the process of truth construction in the practices of intra-judicial restorative criminal justice, taking into consideration the situations of inequality and epistemic injustices that may appear in this process, and determining the conditions that this device must fulfil to achieve an epistemically equitable and fair legal decision.The study carried out leads to the conclusion that the process of truth construction in restorative justice is of an intersubjective nature, in line with intersubjective theories of truth. In this process, the communicative exchange between the parties concerned is at the core, where the agreement is not the essential to achieve the aim of the restorative process, namely reparation. And an intersubjective process of truth construction focuses on the conditions of validity of the interaction between people. Thus, in the restorative justice process, an effective communicative interaction must fulfil the necessary conditions of epistemic fairness and justice. Hence, the legal decision can be considered more fair and equitable
Chihaib-Bouzbouz, Fadoua. "Approche floue pour la régulation multimodale dans les réseaux de transports urbains en mode perturbé." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-251.pdf.
Nous avons introduit des heuristiques afin d'optimiser le calcul du graphe minimal, notre algorithme étant fondé sur une extension de PC 1 et PC2 à des contraintes floues. Les contraintes floues permettent de raffiner l'évaluation des différentes hypothèses de scénario en introduisant la notion de satisfaction partielle. Nous introduisons quelques mesures de satisfiabilité pour la première partie de l'évaluation qui consiste en une comparaison des contraintes observées avec les contraintes théoriques calculées par le graphe minimal. Pour la seconde partie de l'évaluation, il faut combiner les degrés de satisfaction obtenus. L'originalité de la recherche est l'introduction de contraintes floues pour modéliser des scénarios de régulation. Les contraintes floues permettent dans un premier temps de reproduire plus fidèlement la description que l'expert fait de l'état du trafic, description imprécise et exprimée en langage naturel. Dans un second temps, l'évaluation des hypothèses est beaucoup plus fine et plus proche du raisonnement humain. La plupart du temps en effet il est difficile de décider entre satisfaction totale ou non satisfaction
Kaisergruber, Isabelle. "Contributions à l'élaboration d'un modèle de prise de décision pour la validation de mesures analogiques." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112028.
Ardiale, Éléonore. "Sélection stratégique et vieillissement cognitif : rôle du changement stratégique intra-item." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10074.
Psychology research has shown that young and older adults used different strategies to accomplish a cognitive task. Thus, the issue of how we choose a strategy among several available strategies is raised. In order to further understand strategy selection, the goal of this thesis was to investigate the within-item strategy switching and its evolution with age, on one hand, and to highlight mechanisms involved in the selection strategy, on other hand. Our data show that different variables, intrinsic and extrinsic to the problems, affect the ability of switching strategies within item during aging. Young and older adults interrupt a mid-execution strategy and choose a different strategy than previously executed. Participants switched strategies more frequently to choose the best strategy, and especially when the strategy was easy to execute. Older adults had more difficulties than young adults to switch strategies and therefore, they chose less frequently the best strategy. We also show that the strategy selection is associated with increased brain activities in prefrontal regions, well known to be the seat of executive functions. Finally, we discuss how these results have important implications for theoretical models of strategy selection, and for cognitive aging
Dujardin, Yann. "Régulation adaptative multi-objectif et multi-mode aux carrefours à feux." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00904781.
Palomino, Daniel Munari Vilchez. "Algorithm and hardware based architectural design targeting the intra-frame prediction of the HEVC video coding standard." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70236.
This work presents an intra-frame prediction hardware architecture targeting the emerging HEVC video coding standard. The HEVC standard is being developed with the main goal of increase the compression efficiency in 50% when compared to the latest H.264/AVC video coding standard. To achieve such a goal, several new video coding strategies were developed to be used in the HEVC. Although these strategies have increased the compression efficiency of the emerging HEVC standard, it also increased the computational complexity of the encoding process. Looking only to the intra prediction process, several new directional modes are used to perform the prediction. Besides, there are more block sizes that can be supported by the intra prediction process. This work proposes to use two different approaches to improve the HEVC intra prediction performance. First we developed fast intra mode decision algorithms, showing that it is possible to decrease the intra prediction computational complexity with negligible loss in the compression performance (bit-rate and video quality). In the worst case, the bit-rate loss was 6.99% and the PSNR loss was 0.12dB in average allowing reducing the encoding time up to 35%. Then, using the developed fast algorithms as base, this work proposes an intra prediction hardware architecture. The designed architecture was specifically based on one of the developed fast intra mode decision algorithms. Besides, hardware techniques such as increase the parallelism level and pipeline were also used to improve the intra prediction performance. The synthesis results for the IBM 0.65nm have shown that the architecture is able to achieve 500MHz as maximum operation frequency. This way, the architecture throughput is enough to perform the intra prediction process for more than 30 frames per second considering high resolution digital videos, such as Full HD (1920x1080).
Barus, Lita Sari. "Contribution to the intercity modal choise considering the intracity transport systems : application of an adapted mixed multinomial Logit model for the Jakarta-Bandung corridor." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2223/document.
An ideal city or intercity transport system is one where all the transport networks, involving in general different modes of transport, could serve together the cities connections to fulfill a passenger demand and satisfaction. Each transport network should have a logical layout (as possible with minimum discontinuities) to meet the required demands. Also in that ideal system, the different modes of transport should not only have their own good performances but also the exchange between modes should be done with harmony. The conditions as mentioned above are worldwide challenges. The present work deals with the transportation problematic between two Indonesian cities, and also with the high modal competition on the Jakarta-Bandung corridor. On that corridor, road transport is currently the main demanding mode for passengers transportation. The airlines cannot compete and discontinued their operations to this route. Nowadays, railway transport is decaying. Passengers preferences are the main variables for the final modal choice. It is necessary to know preferences due to their decisions impacts to choose one mode over the others. Those preferences are in fact not simple to express in a complex city and intercity transport system. In transportation, the Logit model is widely used as a method to explore the problematic of modal choices involving a lot of different variables. There are several Logit models already developed, such as “General Extreme Value”, “Probit”, and “Nested model”, but in this research, they are not compatible to solve our defined problems because there are some particular identified variables to be taken into account. Therefore we propose the "Adapted Mixed Multinomial Logit (AMML)" Model as a tool for analysis towards passenger's decision in modal choices. On the Jakarta-Bandung corridor, modal choices are influenced by the encountered problems in intercity transport at origin and destination. One part on this research deals with identification and understanding of the intracity transport problems of origin and destination on the choice of transport mode in Jakarta-Bandung corridor (Jakarta-Bandung and Bandung-Jakarta direction). The second part of this research deals with the final decision process by analyzing the results of questionnaires addressed to many users of the Jakarta-Bandung corridor. The five main variables of the last questionnaire are travel time, overall cost, security conditions, quality of travel information and connectivity conditions relevant to intercity transport and intracities transport conditions as well. After validation of the questionaires, this research uses the AMML model to get final decision result by comparing one mode among three intercity transport mode (train, minibus, and car) using the values of the variables. Taking into account the characteristics of each intercity mode of transportation, the analysis identifies the most competitive intercity transport mode for each situation from departure city to arrival city. Using alternative public and private transport modes policies, one could in the future modify passenger choice on intercity transport mode. Therefore, this study is relevant for improving of intracity and intercity transport systems
Brisbois, Xavier. "Le processus de décision dans le choix modal : importance des déterminants individuels, symboliques et cognitifs." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00556569.
Nasrallah, Anthony. "Novel compression techniques for next-generation video coding." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021IPPAT043.
Video content now occupies about 82% of global internet traffic. This large percentage is due to the revolution in video content consumption. On the other hand, the market is increasingly demanding videos with higher resolutions and qualities. This causes a significant increase in the amount of data to be transmitted. Hence the need to develop video coding algorithms even more efficient than existing ones to limit the increase in the rate of data transmission and ensure a better quality of service. In addition, the impressive consumption of multimedia content in electronic products has an ecological impact. Therefore, finding a compromise between the complexity of algorithms and the efficiency of implementations is a new challenge. As a result, a collaborative team was created with the aim of developing a new video coding standard, Versatile Video Coding – VVC/H.266. Although VVC was able to achieve a more than 40% reduction in throughput compared to HEVC, this does not mean at all that there is no longer a need to further improve coding efficiency. In addition, VVC adds remarkable complexity compared to HEVC. This thesis responds to these problems by proposing three new encoding methods. The contributions of this research are divided into two main axes. The first axis is to propose and implement new compression tools in the new standard, capable of generating additional coding gains. Two methods have been proposed for this first axis. These two methods rely on the derivation of prediction information at the decoder side. This is because increasing encoder choices can improve the accuracy of predictions and yield less energy residue, leading to a reduction in bit rate. Nevertheless, more prediction modes involve more signaling to be sent into the binary stream to inform the decoder of the choices that have been made at the encoder. The gains mentioned above are therefore more than offset by the added signaling. If the prediction information has been derived from the decoder, the latter is no longer passive, but becomes active hence the concept of intelligent decoder. Thus, it will be useless to signal the information, hence a gain in signalization. Each of the two methods offers a different intelligent technique than the other to predict information at the decoder level. The first technique constructs a histogram of gradients to deduce different intra-prediction modes that can then be combined by means of prediction fusion, to obtain the final intra-prediction for a given block. This fusion property makes it possible to more accurately predict areas with complex textures, which, in conventional coding schemes, would rather require partitioning and/or finer transmission of high-energy residues. The second technique gives VVC the ability to switch between different interpolation filters of the inter prediction. The deduction of the optimal filter selected by the encoder is achieved through convolutional neural networks. The second axis, unlike the first, does not seek to add a contribution to the VVC algorithm. This axis rather aims to build an optimized use of the already existing algorithm. The ultimate goal is to find the best possible compromise between the compression efficiency delivered and the complexity imposed by VVC tools. Thus, an optimization system is designed to determine an effective technique for activating the new coding tools. The determination of these tools can be done either using artificial neural networks or without any artificial intelligence technique
Tichit, Julia. "De la terre à la ville, de la ville à la terre : engagement de l'habitant dans les agricultures urbains interstitielles de Metro Manila (Philippines)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30090/document.
This thesis analyzes interstitial urban agriculture through its forms and actors, in the fragmented city of Metro Manila in the Philippines, which is characterized by a wide disadvantaged population and an ultra-dense urban environment. The research problem is to understand the involvement of families and inhabitants in intra-urban agriculture, in the field of Social Geography, which aim is built on analyzing actors’ practices and representations toward the space. The inhabitant scale is seized within the family dynamic.Considering urban dynamics and systems of actors involved allows to introduce a typology of the interstitial forms of urban agriculture in Manila metropolitan area: an emerging aboveground farming carried by “organizational actors” and a spontaneous family open-field urban farming, which is distinguished according to its residual or resurgent position within the metropolitan dynamics.Postulating the intrinsic and forgotten spatial dimension of the notion of involvement, the thesis introduces a situational definition according to dwelling. The approach highlights the importance of considering the families practices, objectives and projects related to their involvement in urban agriculture. The notion of tactics is mobilized referencing to the daily diversionary practices and endeavors to counteract the poverty determinism emphasizing the capacity of being actor as vulnerable families.The challenge is to identify the involvement tactics of family in urban agriculture based on their complex practices to access resources. In a rather non-formal context, where material resources are scarce, the involvement of families and inhabitants in urban agriculture is based on a combination of socio-spatial, economic and political tactics to access the land and other everyday life resources.Using a diachronic approach, involvement tactics of families in urban agriculture are considered within their life pathways pointing both the settlement in urban agriculture as process and the everyday living through urban agriculture in the city. The involvement of families in urban agriculture means a better living, improving both their poverty situations and quality of life, but does not secure their Right to the city.The methodology is qualitative and mobilizes a battery of anthropo-geographic tools relying on round trip between the field and the data collected. The launch of the field survey identifies urban agriculture land use in the metropolitan area on aerial views and urban farming practices quoted in the bibliography. Direct observation and participatory observation are mobilized during the exploratory phase in order to stabilize the detection and to allow the field survey to reach families, living on “sensitive urban areas”. Then, comprehensive interviews inspired from life stories interview method are collected by repeated meeting with the members of the family. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with public and civil society actors
Rojas, Ramirez Jorge. "Etude des modes de marche des systèmes automatisés de production pour la définition des stratégies de conduite." Valenciennes, 1995. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/03812cc0-768c-417f-8fe3-9769898cd48e.
Wang, Lichuan. "Contribution to development of an intelligent system for supporting personalized fashion design." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10033/document.
Mass customization has been applied in fashion mass market for more than 20 years. However, the related work mainly focuses on application of CAD tools such as body shape modeling and garment modeling. Fashion design and fashion marketing have not been involved systematically. In fact, when developing mass customized products, we should study human perception on products, including consumer’s and design expert’s perception, and integrate it into the new process of design.In my PhD research project, we originally propose a fashion decision support system for supporting designer’s work. In this system, we first characterize and acquire fashion expert perception and consumer perception on human body shapes. Two experiments are proposed in order to acquire expert perceptual data (sensory descriptors) on naked virtual body shapes and those with garment design styles. Another experiment is carried out for acquiring consumer perceptual data on relations between fashion themes (images desired by general public) and sensory descriptors. Next, these perceptual data are formalized and analyzed using the intelligent techniques, i.e. fuzzy set theory, decision tree and fuzzy cognitive map. The complex relations between these perceptions as well as the physical measurements of body shapes are modeled, leading to compute the relevancy degrees of a naked body and a body with a garment design style to a given fashion theme. The comparison of these two relevancy degrees will permit to determine if a new design style is feasible or not for a given fashion theme. The proposed system has been tested and analyzed in two real cases: i.e. customized design and mass market selection
Hoang, Giang Tran Thi. "D’un « diagnostic partagé » à « l’action partagée » : comment le mode projet Living Lab peut alimenter le processus d’aide à la décision du « faire la ville » en intégrant les citoyens pour une ville intelligente." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0168.
In the current era, Smart City projects have to deal with big social, ecological and technological challenges such as digitalization, pollution, democratic aspirations, need to be safe, etc. The higher involvement of multi-stakeholders (such as citizens, users, engineers, researchers, elected representatives, etc.) in the different phases of the projects, is one strategy enabling a variety of perspectives to be considered and thus develop a shared vision of the city. Paradoxically, the dynamic and multiple nature of stakeholders appears to be a source of complications and uncertainty in the decision-making process. Getting a consensus, which means legitimizing a group decision-making process, is often difficult to reach because the different expectations, needs and behaviours. The main hypothesis of the present research is that the consensus process could be facilitated by human and automatic tools through identifying conflicting points and following their evolution after several rounds of discussion. This study will propose a general methodology for two kinds of decision-making process supporting the negotiation between stakeholders within a Living Lab environment, an automatic control system that substitutes the facilitator’s actions and a process supervised by human facilitator. First, a methodology based on a multi-agent system is developed for automatic reaching consensus in large scale group of making decisions without facilitators and direct interaction. Then, a second methodology combining a human facilitator and ICT–based supporting tool. A proposition of multi-criteria and multi-stakeholders methodology supporting consensus reaching processes is used as decision support system tool in Smart City projects under Living Lab environment. Both Living Lab decision-making methodologies, the automatic and the supervised process, were developed, executed and validated in concrete case studies. Throughout using both methods, we can compare how different between the theoretical model and a process of experimenting decision-making tools in the real-life. The results of data analysis from experimentation provide suggestions to improve decision-making process of stakeholders with diverse objective and background in Smart City projects
Ajmi, Faiza. "Optimisation collaborative par des agents auto-adaptatifs pour résoudre les problèmes d'ordonnancement des patients en inter-intra urgences hospitalières." Thesis, Centrale Lille Institut, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021CLIL0019.
This thesis addresses the scheduling patients in emergency department (ED) considering downstreamconstraints, by using collaborative optimization approaches to optimize the total waiting time of patients.These approaches are used by integrating, in the behavior of each agent, a metaheuristic that evolvesefficiently, thanks to two interaction protocols "friends" and "enemies". In addition, each agent self-adaptsusing a reinforcement learning algorithm adapted to the studied problem. This self-adaptation considersthe agents’ experiences and their knowledge of the ED environment. The learning of the agents allowsto accelerate the convergence by guiding the search for good solutions towards more promising areas inthe search space. In order to ensure the continuity of quality patient care, we also propose in this thesis,a joint approach for scheduling and assigning downstream beds to patients. We illustrate the proposedcollaborative approaches and demonstrate their effectiveness on real data provided from the ED of the LilleUniversity Hospital Center obtained in the framework of the ANR OIILH project. The results obtainedshow that the collaborative Learning approach leads to better results compared to the scenario in whichagents work individually or without learning. The application of the algorithms that manage the patientscare in downstream services, provides results in the form of a dashboard, containing static and dynamicinformation. This information is updated in real time and allows emergency staff to assign patients morequickly to the adequate structures. The results of the simulation show that the proposed AI algorithms cansignificantly improve the efficiency of the emergency chain by reducing the total waiting time of patientsin inter-intra-emergency
Mora, Elie-Gabriel. "Codage multi-vues multi-profondeur pour de nouveaux services multimédia." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0007/document.
This PhD. thesis deals with improving the coding efficiency in 3D-HEVC. We propose both constrained approaches aimed towards standardization, and also more innovative approaches based on optical flow. In the constrained approaches category, we first propose a method that predicts the depth Intra modes using the ones of the texture. The inheritance is driven by a criterion measuring how much the two are expected to match. Second, we propose two simple ways to improve inter-view motion prediction in 3D-HEVC. The first adds an inter-view disparity vector candidate in the Merge list and the second modifies the derivation process of this disparity vector. Third, an inter-component tool is proposed where the link between the texture and depth quadtree structures is exploited to save both runtime and bits through a joint coding of the quadtrees. In the more innovative approaches category, we propose two methods that are based on a dense motion vector field estimation using optical flow. The first computes such a field on a reconstructed base view. It is then warped at the level of a dependent view where it is inserted as a dense candidate in the Merge list of prediction units in that view. The second method improves the view synthesis process: four fields are computed at the level of the left and right reference views using a past and a future temporal reference. These are then warped at the level of the synthesized view and corrected using an epipolar constraint. The four corresponding predictions are then blended together. Both methods bring significant coding gains which confirm the potential of such innovative solutions
Mora, Elie-Gabriel. "Codage multi-vues multi-profondeur pour de nouveaux services multimédia." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0007.
This PhD. thesis deals with improving the coding efficiency in 3D-HEVC. We propose both constrained approaches aimed towards standardization, and also more innovative approaches based on optical flow. In the constrained approaches category, we first propose a method that predicts the depth Intra modes using the ones of the texture. The inheritance is driven by a criterion measuring how much the two are expected to match. Second, we propose two simple ways to improve inter-view motion prediction in 3D-HEVC. The first adds an inter-view disparity vector candidate in the Merge list and the second modifies the derivation process of this disparity vector. Third, an inter-component tool is proposed where the link between the texture and depth quadtree structures is exploited to save both runtime and bits through a joint coding of the quadtrees. In the more innovative approaches category, we propose two methods that are based on a dense motion vector field estimation using optical flow. The first computes such a field on a reconstructed base view. It is then warped at the level of a dependent view where it is inserted as a dense candidate in the Merge list of prediction units in that view. The second method improves the view synthesis process: four fields are computed at the level of the left and right reference views using a past and a future temporal reference. These are then warped at the level of the synthesized view and corrected using an epipolar constraint. The four corresponding predictions are then blended together. Both methods bring significant coding gains which confirm the potential of such innovative solutions
Hamelin, Héloïse. "Perturbation des processus décisionnels : mise en évidence de vulnérabilités à la consommation de sucre ou d'édulcorants chez la souris." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASL024.
Decision making is a cognitive and adaptative process essential to survival. Adapted choices relie on several mental processes integration which lead to choose the most efficient option. Choices are driven by primary rewards, such as food or reproduction, or by secondary rewards, indirectly related to survival, such as novelty exploration. In a dynamic environment, long term adapted decisions require the development of behavioral flexibility, learning and evaluation of choices and their consequences in order to better anticipate them in the future. This Ph.D. work aimed to assess non pathological impacts on decision process, neural substrate and neurochemistry, of reward system perturbation. We have studied, in adult and adolescent mice, a continuous consumption of low doses of sucrose and sweeteners. For this purpose, we have used different behavioral paradigms classically used in the lab : the Mouse Gambling Task (MGT) and the Social Interaction Task (SIT) which place respectively the mouse in a food seeking context or a contexte of interaction with a same-sex congener, asking planification, and flexible adaptation of actions. Individual variability of behavioral responses was studied to determine if some individuals are more vulnerable than others to develop behavioral disorders. My results show that reward system perturbations by long term sweet or sweeteners consumption affect decision behavior, whatever the reward, food or social interaction. These behavioral alterations come with neuronal activity and neurochemistry modifications, especially concerning dopamine levels and turn over, in the prefrontal cortex, and the striatum structures markedly involved in reward evaluation, learning and behavioral flexibility. Sweet, and sweeteners consumptions that start from adolescence amplified neurochemical modifications observed after adult consumption, leading to additional serotoninergic modifications.Finally, early or late consumption revealed vulnerability markers : according to the consumed products, between 55 and 65% of mice display extreme decision profiles as compared to only 45% of mice that consummed plain water. Mice which consumed sweeteners showed significantly more pronounced behavioral rigidity while those consumming sucrose were more hesitant and emphasized risk taking. My results show that reward system perturbation by extended sweet, or sweeteners consumption is sufficient to cause high behavioral, and cerebral altérations, independently of any metabolic adjustement. These alterations, pointing to individual vulnerability, and resilience, are new clues for unraveling vulnerability markers to develop behavioral disorders
Lollo, Eleonora. "Social capital in the context of development : which measure and which impact on women empowerment in Indonesia ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1095/document.
In the last decades, the concept of social capital has gained increasing popularity in economics. Yet substantial ambiguity exists about how to assess the "social" aspect of human life and what meaning to attribute to the term "capital". To shed a new light on the concept, I develop a new conceptual framework and I make it operational for analysis and policy in the context of development by investigating issues of gender empowerment. From a theoretical perspective, this conceptual framework defines social capital as the amount of expectations and obligations that individuals accumulate when they interact and identifies its constituting dimensions: homogeneity among individuals, frequency of contacts and hierarchization of relationships. These dimensions are responsible for the function of coordination, attributed to social capital, as well for the wide range of outcomes observed in the literature. This framework is then operationalized through an index of social capital at the individual level in Indonesia. A connection with the capability approach to welfare economics is established to better understand those channels through which social capital affects individual well-being. At the empirical level, an investigation of the determinants of women empowerment in the household is consequently proposed, with social capital as the main explanatory variable. This work shows that the concept of social capital is fundamental to explore individuals' agency and well-being and that it has both positive and negative effects on women empowerment
Pelaccia, Thierry. "Comment les médecins urgentologues raisonnent-ils au regard des spécificités de leur cadre et de leur mode d'exercice ?" Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG034/document.
Introduction: the ability to makes decisions is a crucial skill in emergency medicine. Our study aimed at revealing how and when emergency physicians make decisions during the patients' initial management. Methods : we carried out a qualitative research project based on semistructured interviews with emergency physicians. The interviews concerned management of an emergency situation during routine medical practice. They were associated with viewing the video recording of emergency situations filmed in an “own-point-of-view” perspective. Résults : many results are original. Specifically, we showed the major role played by intuition in the decision making process. Moreover, we revealed the way emergency physicians generate and evaluate diagnostic hypotheses. Conclusions : the use of an innovative research method allowed us to better understand the way emergency physicians make decisions in their everyday practice. Our results are associated with several implications for medical education
Thibout, Claire. "Efficience et stéréotypes de genre : applications à l'allocation des ressources dans les ménages et aux choix éducatifs." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010042/document.
This thesis is devoted to the study of decision making within couples and the analysis of gendered educational choices. Until now, economic models provide a better understanding of behaviors, but do not achieve to explain gender differences in a whole. Indeed, traditional economic variables do not allow to represent entirely the allocation of time between partners, and human capital models do not achieve to explain why girls choose less paid tracks. The first chapter of this dissertation aims at better understanding determinants of “who gets what” within couples, in terms of monetary resources and time. Then a second chapter focuses on the production sphere of the household, by confronting the efficiency assumption to the allocation of time within couples. It is shown that the efficiency assumption seems to be challenged in the household production process. But how can we then represent behaviors ? It may be judicious to try to represent a second best optimum, integrating some constraints or social representations, and particularly gender stereotypes or different beliefs in the society on the abilities of men and women. The third chapter than investigates the impact of different beliefs about the abilities of boys and girls in sciences and humanities on educational choices. Then a last chapter analyses the influence of gender stereotypes upon abilities of men and women to produce domestic goods
Rodriguez, Chavez Mario-Luis. "Anticipation de l'accès à la ressource granulats par rupture des schémas actuels à long terme." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00563707.
Liu, Kaixuan. "Study on knowledge-based garment design and fit evaluation system." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10020/document.
Fashion design and fit evaluation play a very important role in the clothing industry. Garment style and fit directly determine whether a customer buys the garment or not. In order to develop a fit garment, designers and pattern makers should adjust style and pattern many times until the satisfaction of their customers. Currently, the traditional fashion design and fit evaluation have three main shortcomings: 1) very time-consuming and low efficiency, 2) requiring experienced designers, and 3) not suitable for garment e-shopping. In my Ph.D. thesis, we propose three key technologies to improve the current design processes in the clothing industry. The first one is the Garment Flat and Pattern Associated design technology (GFPADT). The second one is the 3D interactive garment pattern making technology (3DIGPMT). The last one is the Machine learning-based Garment Fit Evaluation technology (MLBGFET). Finally, we provide a number of knowledge-based garment design and fit evaluation solutions (processes) by combining the proposed three key technologies to deal with garment design and production issues of fashions companies
Ibrahim, Rita. "Utilisation des communications Device-to-Device pour améliorer l'efficacité des réseaux cellulaires." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC002/document.
This thesis considers Device-to-Device (D2D) communications as a promising technique for enhancing future cellular networks. Modeling, evaluating and optimizing D2D features are the fundamental goals of this thesis and are mainly achieved using the following mathematical tools: queuing theory, Lyapunov optimization and Partially Observed Markov Decision Process (POMDP). The findings of this study are presented in three parts. In the first part, we investigate a D2D mode selection scheme. We derive the queuing stability regions of both scenarios: pure cellular networks and D2D-enabled cellular networks. Comparing both scenarios leads us to elaborate a D2D vs cellular mode selection design that improves the capacity of the network. In the second part, we develop a D2D resource allocation algorithm. We observe that D2D users are able to estimate their local Channel State Information (CSI), however the base station needs some signaling exchange to acquire this information. Based on the D2D users' knowledge of their local CSI, we provide an energy efficient resource allocation framework that shows how distributed scheduling outperforms centralized one. In the distributed approach, collisions may occur between the different CSI reporting; thus, we propose a collision reduction algorithm. Moreover, we give a detailed description on how both centralized and distributed algorithms can be implemented in practice. In the third part, we propose a mobile relay selection policy in a D2D relay-aided network. Relays' mobility appears as a crucial challenge for defining the strategy of selecting the optimal D2D relays. The problem is formulated as a constrained POMDP which captures the dynamism of the relays and aims to find the optimal relay selection policy that maximizes the performance of the network under cost constraints
Dandelot, Damien. "La structure de la réalité sociale abstraite inhérente aux sociétés prescrites : La quiddité des liens et des structures de coopérations intra-organisationnels issus de l’activité réelle, dans le cas du processus de co-construction de sens découlant des décisions stratégiques." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CNAM0833/document.
Based on the idea that the subsidiaries of a company are able to call into question the decisions of senior management (the parent company), the holistic approach developed in this study assumes that an organization can be a “being”, implying thereby that the information in its possession is external to the individuals who compose it. This raises the question of whether it is conceivable to ignore the individual in such a relationship of domination. This thesis proposes a model based on the results which show the difficult exclusion of the individual in a meta-organizational context (in which members would be organizations and not individuals). Along these same lines, the organization’s human dynamics are at the heart of this research: there exists by and through the individual a dynamic resulting from actual activity that allows the organization to live by itself, while also allowing prescribe to evolve. Although the results show that the organization is not a dead and strengthless object, and it has the opportunity to live by itself, it is the individuals who —through their conditional commitments— allow the separate existence of an organizational structure’s intra-consciousness, which imposes rights and obligations. In this perspective, the proposed model aims to draw the structures of abstract social reality (referred as Entity X in this study) by showing the strengths and organizational constraints that weigh on individual members, while raising the human capacity to emerge from the structures prescribed by the sensemaking of links and transversal structures for cooperation that originate from the actual activity
Apedo-Amah, Dedevi S. Marie Christine. "Modelization and analysis of NGOs impact in developing countries." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0234.
This thesis addresses the question of how to ensure the success of development projects executed by private firms, especially Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). NGOs are non-profit firms that are similar to governments in their concern about beneficiaries' welfare and to standard private firms in their organizational form. Their involvement in development projects raises the issue of how well they perform in service provision compared to alternative entities. Despite the rapid growth of the non-profit sector, especially international firms based in high-income countries that operate in low-income countries, the existing literature on economic development has hardly investigated the issue of non-profit performance and regulation. The three chapters of this thesis emphasize differences between NGOs and either private for-profit firms or governements, and examine how the very nature of each type of organization affects service provision. The two key questions are why and under which conditions to choose an NGO as goods or services provider in the framework of a development project, and how to ensure beneficiaries' cultural norms do not undermine the success of development projects
Hodzic, Amir. "Exploration du coeur d'athlète à l'aide d'outils échocardiographiques d'analyse de la déformation myocardique, des volumes ventriculaires et des flux intra cavitaires Accuracy of speckle tracking in the context of stress echocardiography in short axis view: an in vitro validation study Analysis of inter-system variability of systolic and diastolic intraventricular pressure gradients derived from color Doppler M-mode echocardiography Echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular untwisting-filling interplay Cardiovascular adaptations in American-style football players in response to the inter- season training Right ventricular global and regional remodeling in American-style-football athletes: a longitudinal 3D echocardiographic study." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC428.
The trained athlete is a physiological model of extreme cardiac adaptation for whom the distinction between adaptive cardiac remodeling induced by chronic exercise and certain early cardiomyopathies can be difficult to assess. Echocardiography is the first-choice imaging modality to evaluate the athlete’s heart at rest and during exercise. Semi-recent developments in speckle tracking and 3D ultrasound imaging have shown clinical interest in the echocardiographic description of the athlete’s heart. However, some technical aspects require further investigation. Moreover, current post-treatment tools provide only a partial analysis of cardiac hemodynamics and regional myocardial function. Using an experimental model mimicking stress echocardiography, we first demonstrated the validity of speckle tracking in comparison to sonomicrometry to measure regional deformation in a large range of deformation rates. Secondly, we studied in volunteers without heart disease (athletes and non- athletes) the reliability of a method to assess non-invasively the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPGs) based on post-processing of intracardiac flow velocity data acquired using color Doppler M-mode. This hemodynamic index was highly feasible and well correlated with LV suction. Analysis of IVPG measurements revealed inter-vendor variability which was mainly related to differences in color Doppler image resolution. Finally, using a multiparametric echocardiographic approach (speckle tracking, IVPGs, and 3D volumes), we studied the physiological relationship between the type of exercise training and the left and right cardiac remodeling among a Canadian football team followed longitudinally. The regional analysis of right ventricular (RV) morphological and functional changes induced by chronic exercise was performed using a new computational method based on 3D echocardiography that volumetrically parcellated the RV into three segments (apex, outlet, and inlet). In conclusion, our workhas shown that the echocardiographic post-processing tools studied for the global and regional analysis of cardiac function and morphology apply to the athlete’s heart and could be useful in the characterization of the exercise-induced cardiac remodeling
yang, yung-chin, and 楊永欽. "Fast Intra Mode Algorithms In H.264." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31254592594546730330.
中原大學
電子工程研究所
95
The new video coding standard, H.264/AVC, use more complicated and accurate code way, make it is better in the coding estimation, and provides lower bit rate and better video quality than H.263, though it can achieve higher efficiency, but coded speed is too slow. This thesis proposed two fast and efficient Intra mode prediction algorithm, main purpose uses more easy way to get the prediction mode, and the simulation result can reduce its operation amount under the objectivity PSNR with approximate result, and the time-saved percentage can achieve about 45%~50% and 60%~70%. In addition, we exploit our method to apply the navigation system of the number plate, under the operation amount is reduced by a wide margin, though distortion increased, but still can orient position of number plate successfully, and simulation result proves the method is feasible.
Huang, Gon-shen, and 黃功勝. "Study of H.264 fast intra mode decision." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67322879353761611826.
國立中央大學
通訊工程研究所碩士在職專班
98
H.264 supports many advanced compression techniques that can achieve better coding performance than the previous standards. However, the compression techniques require high computational complexity, increase the encoding time .One important technique is intra mode decision. We present an enhanced AClow intra mode decision for H.264/AVC to reduce the computation complexity while maintaining coding performance. The correct rate of ambi AClow algorithm is increased to 87% when considering ambiguous region. To obtain high coding efficiency, SATD-based intra mode decision is also applied to intra mode decision. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can achieve 50% of time saving on average
Deng, Yu-Che, and 鄧裕澈. "Laplacian-based Intra Mode Decision for H.264." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74348302439772548014.
國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
97
Joint Video Team (JVT) which is composed of International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) draws up the standard. H.264 video compression coding standard for compression of its strong performance has attracted the attention of many people. In the same picture quality, H.264 only need half of bit rate by MPEG2. Compared with all existing video coding standard, H.264 provides some of new coding techniques, such as Multi-picture inter-picture prediction, Variable block-size, Quarter-pixel precision for motion compensation, intra prediction, Context-adaptive variable-length coding (CAVLC) and Context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC).Using a combination of these technologies can improve the compression performance. In the case of intra mode, H.264 provides luma block four modes 16x16, nine 4x4 modes and Chroma block four modes. When calculating the best model, we need to calculate the cost of the various modes. In the selection of a mode most appropriate to go through a long complicated process of calculating the cost, so coding a macroblock takes a considerable amount of computing time. This paper presents a mode decision of the edge detection method. I detected the edge to find the mode that the corresponding edge as the best mode of the block. By modifying the reference software for authentication, this method can shorten the time to choose a mode, but also can reduce the encoding time.
Chen, Chih-Hung, and 陳致宏. "Computation-Aware Intra-Mode Decisionfor H.264 Coding." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85187273587605916772.
國立中正大學
資訊工程所
96
Nowadays, most video-enabled mobile terminals have been equipped with modern video codecs. Video communications, especially for encoding H.264 format bit-stream, however, are usually very power-consuming, leading to rather limited communication period for mobile devices powered by batteries. Computation-aware video coding can effectively extend the battery life. In this paper, we propose a computation-aware intra mode decision for H.264 coding and transcoding applications. The proposed algorithm optimizes the visual quality by adaptively adjusting the number of prediction modes in mode decision under a given computation constraint. We introduce a new concept of computation buffer and formulate the computation control of mode decision as a rate-distortion optimization problem of computation buffer control. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can effectively control the computational complexity while maintaining good RD-performance and satisfying the given computation constraint.
Sun, Yu-Ting, and 孫郁婷. "Fast Intra Mode Decision in H.264/AVC." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57728836776986091148.
國立中央大學
通訊工程研究所
95
H.264/AVC is newest video coding standard and aims to enable significantly improved compression performance compared to all existing video coding. In H.264/AVC, the optimal coding mode decision for each coding block can be achieved by exhaustively calculating the rate-distortion cost. This thesis proposed two fast intra mode decision algorithms to decide the best mode in intra coding. One is rate estimation method for further reduction of RD cost calculation and another is feature-based intra mode prediction with SATD and variance. The experimental results show that both of the fast intra mode decisions are able to reduce the encoding time, with a negligible performance degradation.
Lu, Chang-Lin, and 呂長霖. "System design of H.261 CODEC for INTRA mode." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14048168604165580394.
國立高雄第一科技大學
電腦與通訊工程所
91
Recently, real-time video coding systems have been widely used to reduce the bit rate. The INTRA mode of ITU-T H.261 standard is a basic function for I-frame coding. In this thesis, we present a real-time VLSI system to implement the video CODEC of ITU-T H.261 for INTRA mode. The main modular of encoder include Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT), Quantizer, Zig-Zag Scan, Variable Length Coder(VLC) and Packer. The decoder includes the relative inverse modular to correspond the encoder. Of course, we also have a control module for buffer access and the timing control. The architecture used cost-effective DCT design without using transpose memory. The encoder for INTRA used about 29K gates and the operation speed can achieve 50MHz using cell-based design to achieve the real-time operations. The decoder is also implemented and used about 50K gates. The VLSI architecture can be applied to other related video standards and image standards, such as MPEG, H.26X and JPEG.
Chuang, William, and 莊英沐. "Mode Selection Algorithm for Intra Prediction of H.264." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00863197984631347486.