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Academic literature on the topic 'Déchets radioactifs – Élimination dans le sol – France'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Déchets radioactifs – Élimination dans le sol – France"
Charpentier, Delphine. "Rôle de l'oxydation chimique et de l'acidification des eaux sur les propriétés minéralogiques et physico-chimiques de la formation argileuse de Tournemire." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10199.
Full textThe Tournemire (France) site has been selected for research programmes on deep geological waste disposal in clay-rich rock formation. A railway tunnel is used to study the evolution of rock properties and water-rock interactions in the excavated disturbed zone. Multi-scale and multi-technique investigations were carried out. Experiments and numerical modelling were used to predict changes due to rock mineralogy and water chemistry modifications. The tunnel and galleries digging induces fracture formation. In the altered samples, the clay particles show a better orientation in the stratification plan. The oxidation effect yields to mineralogical transformation on the surfaces of the argillite: oxidation of pyrite, dissolution of calcite, dissolution of illite layers in interstratified I/S and formation of gypsum, Fe-oxi/hydroxides, celestite and jarosite. During cycles of hydration/dehydration, condensation water interacts with the argillite and quickly becomes Ca and SO4-rich
Galai, Leila. "Les mécanismes réactionnels régissant les interactions verre-fer en solution aqueuse." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS029.
Full textThe geological disposal of high-level waste (HLW) developed by ANDRA, in France, is based on a multi-layer concept. The vitrified radioactive waste is placed in a stainless-steel container itself placed in a carbon steel overpack and disposed in Callovo-Oxfordian (Cox) claystone. The proximity between iron, glass and groundwater should involve a chemical interaction between them which can impact the long-term behaviour of nuclear vitrified waste. Previous study on the glass-iron system in geological storage conditions have highlights the phenomenology linked to this interaction. Iron has been almost unanimously described as increasing the alteration of glass. However, in the experimental setups chosen, the simultaneous alteration of glass and iron makes it difficult to identify the mechanisms prevailing at the interface of each material. In this thesis, we have therefore chosen to decompose the real and complex Glass / Steel / Clay / Solution system into two model study systems in order to better characterize the different mechanisms at each interface. The first experiments were about the corrosion of iron powder in the presence of Si. These experiments have shown that an increase in [Si] promotes the formation of Fe silicates at the expense of Fe oxides, but without leading to an increase in the amount of corroded iron. Kinetic investigations revealed that a complex germination-growth mechanism is behind the formation of Fe silicates. A simplified kinetic model has also been proposed. Then, the experimental system has been complexified with iron corrosion experiments in the presence of CJ1 simple glass and ISG glass. These experiments have shown that the presence of iron certainly leads to the deterioration of the glass, but this increase is strongly limited by three main parameters : the glass composition, the iron flux associated with the corrosion kinetics of the metal and pH. The chosen simplification approach therefore made it possible to dissociate the effect of each parameter and to locate the effect of Si on the corrosion of iron, to dissociate the effect of iron from the effect of pH on alteration of the glass and above all to highlight the importance of parameters such as the iron flow and the initial composition of the glass on the effect that the iron will have on the deterioration of the glass
Lin, Zhenhua. "Development of high sensitivity gamma and beta sensors for in situ diffusion tests in the mudstone in France." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1024/document.
Full textThe precise monitoring of radiotracers, for example used for medical imaging, for the storage of ultimate waste, or for certain industrial applications can be a very complex subject. The development of low-noise sensors with long-term stability and high geometric flexibility were engaged by the AXINT company. (Hautefeuille, et al., 2006). My PhD thesis was focused on experiments in the diffusion of radiotracers, typically to monitor the possible leakage of radioactive products from the geological repositories. We focuses on the study of the 22Na and 36Cl ion diffusion, which is one of the highest cation and anions diffusion rate in geological medium, as well as actinides, which represent the majority of the radioactive elements of Stored nuclear waste. This thesis is in continuity with the research carried out by ANDRA (National Agency for Radioactive Waste), under contract with the laboratory ILM (Institute Light Matter), of which AXINT is the main subcontractor. The present project describes the research work that foreseen the radiation impact on the environment for the coming years during the deep disposal of nuclear waste. Our work focus on the investigation and quantification of the radionuclide diffusion through the geological clay barriers. A new in situ experiment was considered by Andra for the study of the radionuclide migration. Compared to previous experiments, this new in situ diffusion test required longer distance (hundreds of mm), longer time-scale (over 10 years), and real time in situ monitoring of radionuclides migration. To fulfill these conditions, the work was organized as following: 1: Conception and dimensional design of the Diffusion of Radio Nuclide (DRN) experiments in solving emission of beta and gamma radiations 2: Development of corresponding beta and gamma monitoring systems by means of sensors located in peripheral boreholes
Petit, Jean-Claude. "Le stockage des déchets radioactifs : perspective historique et analyse sociotechnique." Paris, ENMP, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENMP0419.
Full textMenard, Olivier. "Partage des terres rares et des actinides entre solution et produits d'altération du verrre nucléaire type R7T7 en fonction des conditions de stockage." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30058.
Full textSoulet, Stéphane. "Etude des effets d'auto-irradiation dans des matériaux à structure apatitique." Paris 11, 2000. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00068309.
Full textChabroullet, Christophe. "Étude de la remobilisation d'éléments traces à partir d'un sol de surface contaminé : influence du vieillissement de la matière organique du sol sur la remobilisation du sélénium." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10033.
Full text79Se is a high-life fission product presents in high-activity nuclear wastes. Selenium is often taking into account for health and environmental risk assessments as it is usually considered as a mobile and a toxic element. The terrestrial ecosystems are thought to be a potential reservoir of selenium. In this study, we specially studied how the associations between selenium and soil organic matter and/or microorganisms modify soils selenium mobility and partition (solid, liquid and gazeous). A particular attention was paid to the temporal evolution of the retention parameters, which remains one of the weak points of modeling especially for long term simulations (several tens-hundreds of thousand years). Methodology developed consists on a regular characterization of 3 soils samples pre-contaminated at a very week selenium concentration (2. 2x10-9 gSe. G-1soil) and incubated during 1. 5 year in controlled conditions. The evolution of the organic status of the soil samples was established and well modeled (Roth C). Alternatively, the selenium-OM associations did not present any significant modification with time affecting selenium mobility. The detailed study of selenium mobility showed that selenium sorption processes was poorly reversible (sorption Kd: 20-50 L. Kg-1 ; desorption Kd: 100-500 L. Kg-1), whatever the soil organic status. In addition, numerous transitory phenomenons were able to disturb the “basic” behavior of selenium by increasing the amount of soluble selenium. We specially established that: (i) the use of phosphate fertilizers constituted the most important way of selenium remobilization leading to the release of 30-40 % of sorbed selenium in some extreme cases; (ii) the week selenium volatilization (~ 0. 2 % for 1. 5 year of incubation) may constitute a significant biotic way of 79Se dispersion as soon as very long time scales are considered; (iii) the colloidal transport due to the soil microorganisms could also constituted a source of selenium mobilization however this extend of this process has still to be quantify
Barnel, Nathalie. "Comportement en température des argiles de barrières ouvragées : réexamen de la phénoménologie et amélioration des modèles existants." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EVRY0007.
Full textIn some common concepts of a radioactive waste repository, waste is surrounded by an engineered barrier consisting of a swelling clay. Performance of this engineered barrier may be affected by temperature distribution in the clay. To discuss this issue, thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of the argillaceous barrier submitted to different heating sources are performed. Part of this study is a comparison between the codes ASTER and CAST3M. According to our results, it is necessary to improve the mechanical model. We choose the thermodynamic approach and we propose to re-examine thermal clay behaviour from a phenomenological point of view. Thermal contraction of the double layer in swelling clays is a possible interpretation of the experimental results. Thus we decide to introduce electrochemical phenomena in a thermodynamic formulation dedicated to partially saturated porous media
Sammartino, Stéphane. "La caractérisation d'un matériau à faible perméabilité : mesures expérimentales et analyses d'images ; application à la tonalité du sud-Vienne, effet de l'altération." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2309.
Full textDelisée, Annie. "Etude expérimentale, modélisation et optimisation de la rétention du césium sur des matériaux argileux." Reims, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REIMS008.
Full textBooks on the topic "Déchets radioactifs – Élimination dans le sol – France"
Canada. Commission de contrôle de l'énergie atomique. La réglementation des déchets de combustible nucléaire. Ottawa, Ont: Commission de contrôle de l'énergie atomique, 1995.
Find full textenvironnementale, Agence canadienne d'évaluation. Concept de gestion et de stockage des déchets de combustible nucléaire: Rapport de la Commission d'évaluation environnementale du concept de gestion et de stockage des déchets de combustible nucléaire. Hull, Qué: Agence canadienne d'évaluation environnementale, 1998.
Find full textCanada, Canada Ressources naturelles. Réponse du Gouvernement du Canada aux recommandations de la Commission d'évaluation environnementale du concept de gestion et de stockage des déchets de combustible nucléaire. Ottawa, Ont: Ressources naturelles Canada, 1998.
Find full textAgency, Canadian Environmental Assessment. Nuclear fuel waste management and disposal concept: Public hearings : condensed and concordance. Toronto: Farr & Associates, 1996.
Find full textCanadian Environmental Assessment Agency. Nuclear Fuel Waste Management and Disposal Concept Environmental Assessment Panel. Nuclear fuel waste management and disposal concept: Report of the Nuclear Fuel Waste Management and Disposal Concept Environmental Assessment Panel. [Hull, Quebec]: The Panel, 1998.
Find full textThe technical feasibility of landfilling PCB-amended painted materials: Workshop proceedings synopsis. [Ottawa]: Govt. of Canada, 1998.
Find full textCanada. Dept. of National Defence., Canada Environment Canada, Canada. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada., Environmental Management Solutions (EMS) Inc., Canada. Ministère de la défense nationale., Canada Environnement Canada, and Canada. Ministère des affaires indiennes et du Nord Canadien., eds. The technical feasibility of landfilling PCB-amended painted materials : workshop proceedings synopsis =: La faisabilité technique de mise en décharge contrôlée de matériaux enduits de peintures contenant des BPC : compte rendu abrégé de l'atelier. Ottawa, Ont: Government of Canada = Gouvernement du Canada, 1998.
Find full textAgency, Canadian Environmental Assessment. Nuclear fuel waste management and disposal concept: Report of the Nuclear Fuel Waste Management and Disposal Concept Environmental Assessment Panel. The Panel, 1998.
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