Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Déchets miniers de charbon'
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Aboutaybi, Oumayma. "Performances mécaniques et durabilité du béton incorporant les déchets miniers du charbon(CMWGS)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1323.
Full textOver 50 millions tons per year of coal mine wastes (CMWs) are produced and stored in various locations in Poland. Exposure of these waste materials to atmospheric conditions leads to the formation of acid mine drainage and CO2 production. The objective of this research work is to study the feasibility of using CMWs as a substitute for natural aggregates in concrete and mortar, based on the characterization of coal mining waste properties, as well as the short-term and long-term properties of concrete/mortar. The effect of CMW content on compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, hardened density, water absorption, porosity, and durability was analyzed. It has been experimentally proven that mortar strength decreases with the incorporation of CMW sand. However, the addition of these waste materials does not significantly affect the workability of fresh mortars. The results also showed that the mechanical performance of concrete incorporating CMWs remains within acceptable limits for non-structural applications. The reduction in compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strength is proportional to the substitution rate and type (sand or gravel). showed, on one hand, an increase in porosity and a reduction in compressive strength, especially for high substitution rates of CMWG gravel under freeze-thaw aging cycles. On the other hand, chloride ions penetration and carbonation tests showed increased chloride permeability and greater CO₂ penetration depth, which promotes the corrosion of steel reinforcement and reduces the durability of reinforced concrete structures. However, the use of CMW aggregates at low percentages (less than 30%) limits chloride diffusion to a level comparable to that of conventional concrete. Microstructural analyses (SEM/EDX) and chemical analyses (FTIR) confirmed that the incorporation of CMW leads to a significant increase in pore size and connectivity, which facilitates the penetration of CO₂ and Cl⁻ into the concrete structure. Additionally, it was shown that electrical resistivity is a reliable indicator of the durability performance of concrete incorporating CMW. A strong correlation was observed between electrical resistivity and permeability to chloride ions and carbonation
Coussy, Samuel. "Stabilisation de rejets miniers pollués à l’arsenic à l’aide de sous-produits cimentaires : étude de l’influence de la cristallochimie sur le risque de mobilisation des polluants." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0077/document.
Full textThe objective of this study is to understand the geochemical behaviour of arsenic in cemented paste backfills. This technique consists in transporting the tailings in the mine openings. Two types of backfills are prepared in the laboratory for this study. First, synthetic cemented paste backfills artificially spiked with arsenic are synthesized, using silica in replacement of the tailings. In parallel, other cemented paste backfill specimens are prepared with arsenic-rich tailings. In the two cases, various types of hydraulic binders are tested. Several types of investigations are conducted on the cemented paste backfill specimens. A mineralogical characterization is carried out with the help of specific tools. At the same time, cemented paste backfill samples are submitted to several complementary leaching tests, to assess the mobility/immobilization potential of arsenic in these matrices. Finally, geochemical modeling is implemented, based on the results of the two previous studies, in order to refine the understanding of the nature and stability of the arsenic compounds. The results show that arsenic is better immobilized in Portland cement and slag-based matrices, rather than in fly ash-based matrices. The variable leaching behaviour from a given matrix to another is due to different arsenic trapping mechanisms. Arsenic can precipitate and form several arsenic minerals, mainly calcium arsenates, but also various other secondary compounds, which are different from a matrix to another. Physical entrapment of the tailings grains by the cementitious minerals can also occur, by formation of a coating around the grains, limiting the oxidation and dissolution of arsenic-bearing sulfides (passivation). These mechanisms are involved in the stabilization/solidification of arsenic by cemented paste backfills
Gairoard, Stéphanie Merrien-Soukatchoff Véronique. "Contribution à l'étude de l'impact des anciens travaux miniers de charbon sur les eaux souterraines application à la région d'Alès (Gard) /." S. l. : S. n, 2009. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2009_GAIROARD_S.pdf.
Full textDumay, Dominique. "Etude analytique et valorisation des produits lourds issus des traitements du charbon et du pétrole." Metz, 1985. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1985/Dumay.Dominique.SMZ8506.pdf.
Full textSing-Tenière, Christelle. "Etude des procédés de stabilisation/solidification (des déchets solides poreux) à base de liants hydrauliques ou de liants bitumineux." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1998ISAL0020/these.pdf.
Full textThis research is devoted to the analysis of means used to define stabilization/solidification processes of specific industrial wastes. The selected wastes are a used catalyst containing vanadium V(V) and an activated charcoal polluted by iodine. We have shown that the water absorption capability, which is linked to the waste porosity, is the key factor of a treatment; the choice of the adequate binder for this treatment is suggested by the behavior of the bulk waste during leaching. Two treatment processes, one based on hydraulic binder stabilization and the other based on bitumen stabilization, are developed and tested. In both cases, it appears that the physical and chemical properties of the binder and the mixing of the waste and the binder determine the efficiency of the treatment. Thus we observed that the effectiveness of the hydraulic binder to chemically stabilize the bulk waste is linked to the waste solubility level in the binder leachates. Regarding bitumen, it appears that the treatment efficiency mainly depends on bitumen viscosity. The waste/hydraulic binder mixing process is based on a selected order of constituents’ incorporation and on selected proportions ratio. The waste/bitumen mixing process proved to depend on two parameters: the workability temperature and the residence time at this temperature We propose an empirical model that allows to evaluate the latter. After treatment of the two wastes using both processes, it appeared that although vanadium is reduced in V(IV) by bitumen, it is not more stable. By incorporating vanadium in its hydrates, the hydraulic binder chemically stabilizes the waste. It is therefore more efficient to treat the catalyst. Iodine is not chemically stabilized by these binders. However, by ensuring a greatest physical retention, the bitumen-based process constitutes the best approach for charcoal treatment. This methodology, based on the link between waste and binder, provides acceptable results on the viewpoint of the stabilization/solidification by two different binders. It opens interesting perspectives considering the number of existing hydraulic binders and bitumen
Conte-Fabre, Fabienne. "Etude de la régénération de charbon actif par induction électromagnétique." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT015G.
Full textBélanger, Michelle. "Vers le paysage : photographie et aménagement des territoires miniers." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34173.
Full textThese past years, a change of attitude towards mining territories can be felt. Long seen as derelict or even ruined, those territories are now perceived as important historical witnesses and are, therefore, preserved as heritage landscapes. In 2012, for example, the Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin was included in the World Heritage List as an organically evolved cultural landscape. Having unique characteristics, mining landscapes are also requalified, in certain regions , as touristic attractions. They then become , just as natural landscapes are today, vectors of economic growth. The mine, harnessed for its natural ressources, is now assigned new values and, as well, new roles. Indeed, who would have thought that it would one day be managed and planned the same way beautiful landscapes are ? Conveying this new attitude towards mining sites , more and more photographers, from all backgrounds, represent them as landscapes. Artists , for example, showcase their wide range of shapes through esthetic images. With the advent of the digital era and online photography sharing, the amateur photographer , who is always searching for spectacular places to photograph , reclaims this type of representation. Disseminated on the web in an ever - increasing number, these photographies do not only attest of a new way of seeing mining territories as landscapes, but without a doubt also shape their perception. This research aims mainly at better understanding the spread of a new way of perceiving mining sites as landscapes . Since the photographic image stands as a witness and possibly as an actor of this phenomenon , it is used as the connecting piece to examine how mines can become landscapes. Focusign on the province of Quebec , this thesis analyses the practices through which mining sites are modeled and converted into landscapes, like patrimonialization, tourism development and nature restoration. These pratices, taking part in a process called empaysagement minier (mining landscaping), are then examined through photography and the landscape archetypes it produces. The photographic image quickly reveals itself as influencing not only the way we see mining sites, but it also seems to guide the way they are reappropriated and inhabited once they are perceived as landscapes . Therefore, photography and planning of mining territoires both reveal themselves as being more and more landscape oriented .
Gairoard, Stéphanie. "CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DE L'IMPACT DES ANCIENS TRAVAUX MINIERS DE CHARBON SUR LES EAUX SOUTERRAINES : APPLICATION A LA REGION D'ALES (GARD)." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410955.
Full textCertaines émergences présentent une qualité qui rend impossible leur rejet direct dans l'environnement et il est important dans cette situation de bien définir la masse d'eau concernée. Pour cela, nous avons élaboré un modèle hydrodynamique par automates séquentiels. Il est appliqué aux anciens travaux de Rochebelle-St-Martin, aboutissant à la détermination des paramètres perméabilité et épaisseur du réservoir par reconstitution du niveau piézométrique du réservoir tout en tenant compte d'un pompage encore maintenu dans l'exploitation. Cette modélisation permet de mieux connaître les paramètres définissant l'aquifère minier dans la perspective d'exploiter cette réserve. Ces eaux de mines présentent une qualité médiocre. A partir d'une meilleure connaissance hydrodynamique du système, obtenue par la modélisation, il devient possible de proposer une valorisation de cette eau par utilisation de ses calories en géothermie connaissant la géométrie du réservoir minier. Les anciennes exploitations minières sont à nouveau source d'énergie.
Gairoard, Stéphanie. "Contribution à l'étude de l'impact des anciens travaux miniers de charbon sur les eaux souterraines : application à la région d'Alès (Gard)." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL035N/document.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative impacts, linked to the abandonment of the mining works on Alès coal basin. This work consisted in analysis and interpretation of quantitative and qualitative data on the waters outflows of former coal mines in order to determine the chemical composition of groundwaters outflows and the water chemistry. For that, we used principal component analysis, diagrams of Piper and Schoeller-Berkalov on all waters outflows. Secondly, we analyzed the temporal evolution of concentrations of each element for the waters outflows. The quantitative aspect is therefore considered by the synthesis of knowledge available on the mining reservoir of Fontanes (geology, spatial distribution, pumping data and piezometrics levels). Some groundwaters outflows have a quality that makes their direct discharge into the environment impossible and it is important, in this situation, to define the affected body of the water. For that, we have developed a hydrodynamical model by sequential automaton. It is applied to the former works of Rochebelle-St-Martin de Valgalgues leading to the determination of the parameters permeability and thickness of mining aquifer recovery of piezometric level of the reservoir while taking into account a pumping still maintained. This model will lead to a better comprehension of the parameters defining the aquifer in the mining perspective to exploit this reserve. The mine water has a poor quality. After a better knowledge obtained by a hydrodynamical modeling, it becomes realistic to propose a recovery of this water by use of its calories from geothermal and knowing the geometry of the tank mine
Gilbert, Jean-Emmanuel. "Valorisation de déchets minéraux : fabrication de zéolithes et de SiAlONs à partir de résidus miniers et de cendres volantes." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30302.
Full textKoffi, Kouadio. "Contribution à l'étude des processus couples hydrogéochimiques dans les stocks de déchets miniers : le cas du site de Carnoulès (Gard, France)." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20072.
Full textMijno, Violaine. "Modifications de la composition de déchets métallifères, miniers et industriels, stabilisés par liants hydrauliques et soumis à des tests de lixiviation." Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/6f5b340b-3fef-467e-af61-14e7675f4edc/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4014.pdf.
Full textCement-based stabilization/solidification (s/s) is a widely used treatment process for industrial and mining waste. S/s used physical and chemical properties of biding agent, to decrease pollutants leaching toward environment. Two cement matrices are used (Portland cement only or with fly ash addition). Pollutants bearing phases are sulphurs and iron oxides, for mining waste. In industrial waste, copper is incorporated in the C-S-H (1,2 %). The samples are subjected to three leaching tests to simulate the storage conditions and to understand contaminant immobilization. Exposure to the mining acid drainage shows the succession of several leaching front for the industrial waste with a particular zone of accumulation of contaminants. Cement matrix of mining waste samples is preferentially consumed compared to the mineral phases. The exchanges with an acid rainwater show a weak leach of contaminants (< 15 Cu ppm). For an in-depth storage with groundwater contact, a carbonation zone is formed decreasing the leaching process of copper
Francoeur, Marckens. "Optimisation des conditions d'élaboration de charbon actifs à partir de biomasse (Sargassum sp. et Galaba Calophilum L.) pour l'adsorption et la dégradation de polluants émergents." Thesis, Antilles, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ANTI0741.
Full textThis study was carried out in order to determine the optimal conditions for synthesisof activated carbons (ACs) derived from Sargassum (sp), which is an invasive alga, andfrom cockle of galba (Galaba calophilum L.) generated after extraction of cosmetic oil.Activated carbons are used for efficient adsorption of pollutant residues such as caffeine(Caf), tetracycline (Tc), penicillin (Pen), erythromycin (Ery) and methylene blue (MB).The preparation of the CAs was performed following a three-factor, two-level Doehlertoptimisation design (pyrolysis temperature, mass ratio of activating agent to precursorand pyrolysis time) followed by response surface methodology. Then ACs giving optimaladsorptions are used to prepare an iron oxide catalytic support by different impregnationmethods. Catalytic effect of magnetic carbons (MAC) was studied for degradation of parachlorobenzoic acid (pCBA) and stability of materials after several cycles of use was tested.Degradation of antiobiotics after saturation of the MAC under ozone was evaluated.The obtained MAC were characterised using different techniques, thermogravimetric analysis, surface chemistry namely pHpzc and acidity/base of surface groups by Boehmmethod, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction, textural properties were determined by nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement,scanning electron microscopy.Adsorption capacities were found to be 329, 579, 150 and 223 mg g-1 on the optimisedsargassum-based AC and 384, 607, 249, 314 mg g-1 on the optimised galba-based AC forCaf, Tc, Pen and MB, respectively. Adsorption measurements on MAC allowed selection ofthe optimum materials for testing the oxidation processes. It is shown that the advancedoxidation process using ozonation coupled with ACs as a catalytic support is effective forthe removal of pollutants with a percentage removal of over 96 % for Ery, and over 99 %for Pen and Tc. These studies have shown a very high stability of some MAC even afterseveral cycles of use for both adsorption and degradation of pollutants
Troch, Kevin. "Ne pas grever l'avenir au bénéfice du présent : Une histoire environnementale de l’extraction du charbon de la fin du 18e siècle à l’Entre-deux-guerres : un développement non soutenable. : L’exemple du Couchant de Mons et du Valenciennois." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H004.
Full textThis is a study on the history of the environmental impacts of coal mining in the « Couchant de Mons » and the « Valenciennois » basins and the development of extractivism in Belgium and France from the 18th century to the Inter-war Period. It highlights the cultural foundations and the scientific and legal basis explaining the expansion of coal mining in these two countries, especially regarding the regulation of mining damages. Reactions of the States, mining companies and the inhabitants of the basins to the environmental damages caused by coal extraction are also analyzed. Processes of negotiation, power strategies and movements against coal mining are at the heart of this thesis. The heavy weight of collieries in the regulation system of mining damages, the willingness of governments to allow the extraction of coal and the development of a « War against coal » by the inhabitants are analyzed from several exemplary situations. Finally, this work considers the influence of geologists and mining engineers in the creation of a « science of mining damages » through three scientific controversies : induced seismicity, theories on mining subsidence and flooding engendered by coal mining
Irannajad, Bisafar Mehdi. "Valorisation de rejets miniers talqueux par voie physico-chimique (flottation) : influence des traitements sur la blancheur des concentrés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL097N.
Full textNumazawa, Sueo. "Contribution à l'étude de la pyrolyse lente sous pression du bois. Détermination des paramètres optima du procédé et caractéristiques des produits obtenus." Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1286.
Full textGiroud, Nicolas. "Optimisation de la formation d'espèces minérales soufrées en chambre de combustion lors de l'incinération de déchets dangeureux : cas du Mancozeb et d'un charbon actif soufré." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MULH6454.
Full textThermal treatment of dangerous wastes with high sulfur contents may lead to difficulties in thermal treatment unit control because of strong variation in sulfur contents. This work aims at favoring the in-situ formation of high temperature stable minerals in which sulfur is trapped. Thermal decomposition mechanism of two dangerous wastes (Mancozeb and a soiled activated carbon) have been investigated under both air and nitrogen atmosphere through thermogravimetric analysis. Knowing the temperature of gaseous emissions and the speciation of emitted sulfur compounds, made it possible to simulate the reactivity of sulfur with several calcium based products using the Enthalpy minimization model. Tests were then performed in a horizontal laboratory furnace to optimize the formation of sulfur minerals from lime and wastes, at 1100°C under air atmosphere. The occurrence of reducing conditions in some parts of the load leads to the formation of calcium sulfide, stable provided the reducing conditions are kept locally. Upscale tests were then performed in a grid furnace and confirmed the obtained at laboratory scale : sulfur is trapped by lime in calcium sulfide only in default of oxygen. The obtained sulfide containing residues were submitted to standardized leaching test NF-EN 12457-2. These residues respect the prevailing regulations concerning its admission in dangerous ultimate wastes storage center
Khezami, Lotfi. "Production et caractérisation des charbons actifs à partir du bois et autres déchets végétaux : application en traitement des eaux." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1552.
Full textThe kinetics of cellulose pyrolysis were studied from thermogravimetric data. The kinetic model of Prout-Tomkins type is adapted to the pyrolysis of cellulose. The energy of activation corresponding to cellulose, lignin and xylan has been identified in dynamic mode. The activated carbon produced from wood and its basic components have been characterised by BET and adsorption from aqueous solution. Simultaneous measurements of DTA-TGA allowed to compare the heat of reaction and the decomposition rate of the wood components. Its Chemical activation by KOH and H3PO4 produce AC with height surface and adsorption capacity. Thermocompression confer to the wood a density two times larger than its initial density. Chemical activation with KOH results in a high surface area with a good adsorption capacity AC. The measurements of adsorption capacities of metal ions provide relevant results. The kinetics of the sorption process are found to follow the pseudo-second order law
Salvarredy, Aranguren Matías Miguel. "Contamination en métaux lourds des eaux de surface et des sédiments du Val de Milluni (Andes Boliviennes) par des déchets miniers Approches géochimique, minéralogique et hydrochimique." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00277431.
Full textSalvarredy, Aranguren Matías Miguel. "Contamination en métaux lourds des eaux de surface et des sédiments du Val de Milluni (Andes Boliviennes) par des déchets miniers : approches géochimique, minéralogique et hydrochimiques." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/456/.
Full textHeavy metal contamination has been investigated in the Milluni valley (Bolivia, high plateau, 4800 m asl) combining geochemical, mineralogical and hydrochemical approaches. For each metal, the mineral source was determined, as well as the geochemical process leading to the weathering of primary minerals into tertiary minerals. The knowledge of the ongoing geochemical processes and of the hydrochemical budgets allowed to determining the origin, the transport pathways and the control parameters of the metals in this environment. Finally, the cores in lake sediments and in peat-bogs of the valley allowed assessing the historical behaviour of heavy metal contamination, especially during the last century
Meullemiestre, Alice. "Valorisation des déchets de la filière « bois » en deux étapes : isolation des molécules extractibles puis fabrication de charbon actif : cas du pin maritime." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS008/document.
Full textThe scientific advances in plants, processing technologies, biotechnology allow considering that the products of renewable carbon green chemistry, substitutable and competitive will replace the products issued from fossil material. In this framework, this project concerned a double valorization of waste from wood sector. The first valorization concerned the isolation of extractable compounds which are present in low quantities and could be considered as a high added value product. The second valorization deals with the transformation of the residue in another high added value product : the activated carbons. Thus, the proposed process concerns the sector of "green chemistry" with an integrated approach of "waste valorization". In the framework of this study, we used as raw material sawdust of maritime pine (pinus pinaster) from Landes area from an isolation of volatiles extracted by some intensified processes such as microwave and ultrasounds. The obtained oil was characterized by determining the quantity (yield), the composition, the antioxidant capacity, the polyphenols content and by studying the microstructure. To achieve a total valorization the residues were submitted to a pyro-activation with CO2 and water vapor as activating agents to produce an activated carbon. An optimization was carried out according to different responses as the BET surface, the pores size by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and the adsorption properties of activated carbon in aqueous phase (Langmuir et Freundlich parameters)
Bolourchi, Hassan. "La technique d'autolubrification aqueuse pour le transport en conduite des mélanges fuel-charbon et des résidus lourds du pétrole." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD165.
Full textA new technique for in-pipe-transportation of a concentrated suspension of coal oil mixture (COM) and a viscous fluid of heavy residual oil has been developed. This technique consists of preparing a suitable emulsion of water in the concerned fluid, in such a way that, when flowing in the pipe, the droplets of water can be separated from the continuous phase in order to produce a thin lubricating layer. The formation of this aqueous layer on the inner walls of the pipe can facilitate the in-pipe-transportation and reduce pressure drop. This work is divided into two parts : The first part leads to the development of a new COM formulation (called COMHFY) for coal oil mixture of high fluidity which enables a 50% load of dry coal in COM to have the same apparent viscosity as pure heavy oil. According to our hypothesis, the efficiency of this formulation could be attributed to the formation of a bicontinuous phase in the COM. The second part develops a kind of three-phased emulsion of water and air (foam) in the heavy residual oil. The development of a lubricating layer leads to a reduction of 80% of the pressure drop. Due to the original aspect of this work, two patents have been obtained : 1-French Patent, N° 2 571 735, (1986) ; 2-French Patent, N° 2 576 907 (1986)
Picquet, Isabelle. "Techniques de stabilisation physico-chimique à base de liant hydraulique appliquées aux résidus miniers sulfurés et arséniés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL141N.
Full textCiffroy, Philippe. "Contribution à la mise au point d'un procédé de décontamination par voie biologique d'effluents radioactifs." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0290.
Full textBrunel, Célia. "Dynamique des éléments traces métalliques (Pb, Zn, Cd) sur un petit bassin versant amont contaminé par des déchets miniers - cas du bassin versant amont du Lez (Ariège, Pyrénées)." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30025.
Full textOn the orphan Sentein mining district (Pyrénées), the Zn, Cd and Pb dynamics is studied at the scale of the Lez upstream catchment, with geochemical and mineralogical approaches. From the primary and natural mineralization, mining exploitation has lead to the redistribution of metal into several secondary sources (contaminated soils, extraction wastes and tailings). Tailings are the main storage compartment of metals. Submitted to erosion, they constitute the principal source. In this carbonated context, the metal exportation under dissolved form is limited by the formation of secondary minerals. Runoff and erosion are dominant processes for metal mobilization. At the catchment outlet, particulate dispersion is dominant specially, during storm events. The contribution of this mining site to Garonne metal fluxes is assessed
Ferreira, de Oliveira Penalver Tatianne. "Etude d'un procédé de dépollution basé sur le couplage ozone/charbon actif pour l'élimination des phtalates en phase aqueuse." Thesis, Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE2029/document.
Full textIn order to comply with the standards governing the discharge of industrial effluents (Water Framework Directive, target date 2021) concerning micropollutants, in particular phthalates, innovative wastewater treatment processes have to be used. The present research addresses this issue through a study of ozone/activated carbon coupling. After determining the textural and chemical properties of several activated carbons, the efficiency of this coupling for the removal of phthalates was tested according to the following criteria: degradation kinetics of the target pollutants and evolution of both toxicity and mineralization during the process. Compared to the classical methods (ozonation or adsorption used separately), coupling proved to be highly efficient. It enables the fast removal of pollutants with a significant decrease in mineralization and toxicity. Coupling also proved to be efficient for the treatment of more complex matrices such as municipal wastewater treatment outflow. Moreover, the activated carbon properties which favour the process have also been determined. It is shown that, in this coupling, the material acts as a radical initiator and promoter (the reactions are mainly radical in nature) and as a reaction support. Lastly, the study also shows that in situ regeneration of the activated carbon, which would be economically attractive, could be achieved during the process
Soobadar, Aneeza. "Impacts agronomiques et environnementaux de l'épandage de vinasse et de cendre de charbon/bagasse sur les terres agricoles de l'Île Maurice." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464233.
Full textRheault, Karelle. "Influence du génotype du peuplier sur les communautés microbiennes de sa rhizosphère dans un contexte de restauration des sites miniers." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/39751.
Full textTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 9 juillet 2020)
Documents en annexe en format Excel : Supp08_Pairwise_comparison_taxa_Greenhouse.xlsx; Supp03_Correlation_chimie_vs_taxa_Field.xlsx; Supp10_Correlation_taxa_vs_growth_Greenhouse.xlsx; Supp07_Pairwise_comparison_functions_Greenhouse.xlsx; Supp11_Pairwise_comparison_origin_Greenhouse.xlsx; Supp02_Pairwise_comparison_taxa_functions_Field.xlsx; Supp09_Correlation_chimie_vs_taxa_Greenhouse.xlsx
L’industrie minière au Canada contribue significativement à la prospérité et à la qualité de vie du pays. Toutefois, la législation d’autrefois n’étant pas suffisamment sévère, le Canada s’est retrouvé avec des centaines de sites miniers orphelins non restaurés. Ces sites miniers abandonnés représentent un risque environnemental majeur à cause des grandes quantités de déchets miniers exposés pouvant contaminer l’environnement par la lixiviation et l’érosion éolienne et hydrique. Plusieurs facteurs limitent la revégétalisation naturelle de ces sites, notamment des conditions abiotiques extrêmes, une faible disponibilité en éléments nutritifs et les activités anthropiques. Cette étude visait, dans un premier temps, à déterminer l’impact de la présence de peupliers baumiers sur les déchets miniers de deux sites miniers contrastés de la région de l’Abitibi-Témiscamingue. La végétation a amélioré les propriétés physicochimiques des déchets miniers et provoqué un changement important dans la composition des communautés bactériennes et fongiques, passant des communautés lithotrophes dominantes dans les environnements de déchets miniers sans végétation à des communautés hétérotrophes impliquées dans le cycle des éléments nutritifs avec végétation. Dans un deuxième temps, lors d’une expérience en serre, dix génotypes de Populus balsamiferarécoltés sur ces sites miniers et en périphérie ont été cultivés dans ces déchets miniers pendant deux saisons de croissance. Le but de cette seconde étude était de déterminer l’effet des interactions génotype-par-environnement sur les propriétés physicochimiques des substrats et des communautés microbiennes à l’aide dumétabarcodage. Bien que le type de substrat ait été identifié comme le facteur principal de la diversité et de la structure du microbiome de la rhizosphère, un effet significatif du génotype de l’arbre a également été détecté. Nos résultats mettent en évidence l’influence du génotype du peuplier baumier sur son environnement et l’importance potentielle de la sélection du génotype des arbres dans le contexte de la restauration de sites miniers
Sahmarani, Rayane. "Valorisation des déchets agroalimentaires (noyaux des dattes-Phoenix Dactylifera) pour l’élimination des pesticides organochlorés des eaux contaminées." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R079.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to propose an innovative approach for the depollution of contaminated water by organochlorine pesticides used an adsorption technique on activated carbons from date stones (species : Phoenix dactylifera, types : Ajwa, Anbari et Khudri). Then, study the retention capacity of these column materials in the laboratory with applications on contaminated sites (effluents of agriculture and wastewater treatment plants).The preparation of better activated carbons from date stones by a simple process of pyrolysis preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. Several parameters will be studied in order to determine the optimal conditions of the adsorption such as dose of the adsorbent, pH of the solution, initial concentration of pesticides and time of contact, since the adsorption capacity of an activated carbon depends in part on the capability between the pore size and the dimension of the adsorbed molecules. Therefore, it is essential to optimize the production of activated carbon
Sahmarani, Rayane. "Valorisation des déchets agroalimentaires (noyaux des dattes-Phoenix Dactylifera) pour l’élimination des pesticides organochlorés des eaux contaminées." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUR079.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to propose an innovative approach for the depollution of contaminated water by organochlorine pesticides used an adsorption technique on activated carbons from date stones (species : Phoenix dactylifera, types : Ajwa, Anbari et Khudri). Then, study the retention capacity of these column materials in the laboratory with applications on contaminated sites (effluents of agriculture and wastewater treatment plants).The preparation of better activated carbons from date stones by a simple process of pyrolysis preceded by a chemical impregnation with phosphoric acid. Several parameters will be studied in order to determine the optimal conditions of the adsorption such as dose of the adsorbent, pH of the solution, initial concentration of pesticides and time of contact, since the adsorption capacity of an activated carbon depends in part on the capability between the pore size and the dimension of the adsorbed molecules. Therefore, it is essential to optimize the production of activated carbon
Zheng, Yaqing. "Elimination du sulfure d'hydrogène et de mercaptans par absorption et oxydation catalytique sur charbons actifs et charbons actifs modifiés." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20282.
Full textAltenor, Sandro. ""Etude physico-chimiques d'algues et de charbons actifs issus de déchets lignocellulosiques de la caraïbe et faisabilité de leur application pour le traitement des eaux"." Antilles-Guyane, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGUY0235.
Full textThree agricultural by-products or biomass waste of the Caribbean: vetiver roots (Vetiveria zizanioides), sugar cane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L. ) and a marine macro algae (Turbinaria turbinata) are used as activated carbon (AC) precursors. ACs were produced by steam activation with ACs yields of 13% (vetiver roots), 11% (sugar cane bagasse) and 21% (turbinaria), on the other hand by phosphoric acid activation, the ACs yields are 48% (vetiver roots), 47% (sugar cane bagasse) and 49% (turbinaria). Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K shows that, a mixed microporous and mesoporous structure of the ACs. A new method of calculating the specifie surface area depending of the 0 and KF has been established for 0 values between 0 and 0. 2: Steam activation provides basic ACs, while chemical activation by phosphoric acid provides acidic ACs. Phenol and methylene blue (MS) were used to characterize liquid phase adsorption. In addition, chromium (Cr+6) adsorption were also studied on raw turbinaria and its derived ACs. Ln addition, the combination of the Freundlich and BET isotherms in liquid phase allowed to establish a relationship that can be used to determine the area occupied by the solute molecules on ACs surface: with 0. 01 < bLCe < 0. 3 and 1 1n <0. 2 Finally, manufacturing costs ofvetiver roots ACs in Haiti were estimated. This estimation showed that chemical activation will be more economical: dollard 1. 00 to dollard 1. 121kg against dollard 1. 27/kg for the steam activation
Savadogo, Nafissatou. "Élaboration et caractérisation d’un écociment à base de poudre de mâchefer de charbon." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAR0013/document.
Full textThis research is part of a process of valorization of local industrial by-products in the cement industry. lt focuses on the possibility f using coal bottom ash powder produced by SONICHAR in Niger as cement partial addition. After a physicochemical and environmental characterization of the coal bottom ash powder, we determined its pozzolanic reactivity and it mechanical activity index. The results show that the coal bottom ash powder presents a pozzolanicity whose relatively slow kinetics do ne start before 14 days. On the other hand, this coal bottom ash can be considered as a mineral addition of type 11 according to the standard EN 206-1 with an activity index of 0.76. This is why we used it to develop three CEM 11/A composite cements with a strength class of 42.5 when the substitution rate is 10% and a strength class of 32.5 when the rate of substitution is 15% and 20%. Normal mortars have been formulated with these cements and are characterized physically and mechanically. The durability of the mortars has also been studied, in particular from the point of view of the kinetics of carbonation and leaching in the presence of ammonium nitrate. Finally, it appears that the coal bottom ash powder may indeed be incorporated as an addition in the preparation of composite cements. The long-term mechanical characteristics (90 days) and the durability of the mortars made from these cements are preserved when the substitution rate does not exceed 10%
Anki, Fatiha. "Etude et analyse de deux dispositifs industriels de traitement d'effluents gazeux acide par voie semi-humide et étude d'un procédé d'élimination du mercure gazeux par adsorption sur charbon actif." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL057N.
Full textBoizi, Elloe Martin. "Co-valorisation de déchets lignocellulosiques en tant qu'adsorbants appliqués en dépollution aqueuse et production de chaleur par combustion." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1246.
Full textDrapeau, Clémentine. "Mesure et modélisation de la mobilité et de la spéciation des éléments majeurs et traces métalliques au sein de matrices complexes polluées en fonction du pH : application aux sédiments urbains et déchets miniers." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSET007/document.
Full textUrban sediments and mine tailings constitute two potential sources of pollution for the environment, especially surface water or groundwater. The chemical alteration of these solid matrices by contact with a source of acidity or alkalinity via air or water is likely to result in the dissolution of the mineral and organic phases and to induce the mobilization of majors and trace elements. These mechanisms are still poorly described and modeled for this type of very complex matrices. This thesis investigates potential for the mobilization of major and trace metals elements of various contaminated complex matrices, including an urban infiltration basin sediment and two carbonated and non-carbonated mining waste (for the study of contaminated acid mining drainage and contaminated neutral drainage). Besides, pure minerals were used to simulate phase mixture at the laboratory and identify the crossed mechanisms involved in contaminated acid and neutral mine drainage. All these matrices were subjected to acid-base neutralization capacity tests (solids put into contact with a source of protons or alkalinity), with monitoring of the pH (buffer capacity), the conductivity and the elemental release (major and trace metal elements). Experimental data were modeled with the PHREEQC geochemical speciation software. The combination of experimental and modeling approaches, which had very rarely been developed on such complex solid matrices, allowed the identification of (i) the dissolution reactions of the constitutive phases of the polluted matrices with the sorption reactions involved in the mobilization of their major and trace metal elements, (ii) the speciation of the major and trace metal elements in these matrices and in solution in equilibrium with the solid phases. This thesis, therefore, leads to a robust, precise and replicable methodology allowing a fine characterization of liquid and solid phase speciation of metallic pollutants in contaminated matrices. This methodology constitutes a crucial basis for understanding and predicting the evolution of contaminated solids (urban sediments and mining waste) according to different management methods: decontamination, recovery, and recycling
Kanzari, Aisha. "Migration de l'uranium, en condition d'altération météorique, dans les verses à stériles granitiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2017PA066629.pdf.
Full textIn a time span of 50 years uranium mining in France generated 163 Mt of waste rocks. These form waste rocks piles which are subjected to enhanced weathering compared to natural granitic outcrops. Therefore, as part of the French radioactive waste and material management plan (PNGMDR), waste rocks are studied in order to assess their potential environmental impact. This study specifically focuses on the internal structure of waste rock piles complemented by geochemistry and mineralogical data, in order to develop a model that assesses the waste rock pile’s weathering state and uranium’s stability. Results show uranium (U) is mainly associated to phosphates, either in primary accessory minerals, such as monazites, or crystallized in secondary uranyl-phosphates. When U is associated to amorphous iron oxyhydroxides, phosphorous is also associated. The importance of iron oxyhydroxides and phosphorous in uranium trapping is clearly demonstrated. Both iron oxyhydroxides as well as uranyl-phosphates form efficient and stable U traps, limiting U dissolution as long as pH, redox and temperature parameters remain stable. In case of variable conditions, smectite identified in the waste rock pile might also play a role in preventing further uranium diffusion
Auguy, Florence. "Identification de gènes impliqués dans la tolérance au plomb chez la brassicacée Hirschfeldia incana." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20141/document.
Full textExploited, and then abandoned, mining sites, in the oriental Morocco, have polluted the neighboring regions, by dispersion of mining wastes containing Pb. Facing this problem, it is necessary to develop phytomanagement programs. Nevertheless, these project realisations encountered two major constraints: weak metallophyte plant diversity and misunderstanding of Pb tolerance mechanisms. In this context, the objectif of my work was to select plants compatible with a phytoremediation program and to identify genes implicated in lead tolerance. Firstly, soil and mining waste analysis has revealed an important polymetallic pollution of the studied region. Then, floristic explorations had permitted to identify a plant of the brassicaceae family, Hirschfeldia incana, which is predominant on the polluted mining regions and accumulated Pb. Pb accumulation in H. incana was confirmed in controlled conditions and a candidate gene approach has shown the lead tolerance implication of two genes, one coding for a metallothionein (MT2A) and the other a membrane transporter (HMA4). Finally, the transcriptome comparison from H. incana and A. thaliana has generated a list of candidate genes putatively implicated in Pb tolerance. Functional analysis of four genes, coding a ferretin, a metallothionein, a copper binding protein and a defensin, has permitted to clarify their role in Pb tolerance
Kanzari, Aisha. "Migration de l'uranium, en condition d'altération météorique, dans les verses à stériles granitiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066629/document.
Full textIn a time span of 50 years uranium mining in France generated 163 Mt of waste rocks. These form waste rocks piles which are subjected to enhanced weathering compared to natural granitic outcrops. Therefore, as part of the French radioactive waste and material management plan (PNGMDR), waste rocks are studied in order to assess their potential environmental impact. This study specifically focuses on the internal structure of waste rock piles complemented by geochemistry and mineralogical data, in order to develop a model that assesses the waste rock pile’s weathering state and uranium’s stability. Results show uranium (U) is mainly associated to phosphates, either in primary accessory minerals, such as monazites, or crystallized in secondary uranyl-phosphates. When U is associated to amorphous iron oxyhydroxides, phosphorous is also associated. The importance of iron oxyhydroxides and phosphorous in uranium trapping is clearly demonstrated. Both iron oxyhydroxides as well as uranyl-phosphates form efficient and stable U traps, limiting U dissolution as long as pH, redox and temperature parameters remain stable. In case of variable conditions, smectite identified in the waste rock pile might also play a role in preventing further uranium diffusion
Ghorbel, Ben Abid Manel. "Contamination métallique issue des déchets de l'ancien site minier de Jebel Ressas : modélisation des mécanismes de transfert et conception de cartes d'aléa post-mine dans un contexte carbonaté et sous un climat semi-aride. Evaluation du risque pour la santé humaine." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00760685.
Full textShi, Yuting. "Carbon production from different wood species : Determination and comparision of some properties." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10139.
Full textThis report concerns the carbonization of different biomass wastes by soft pyrolysis in a first part. In a second part, the charcoals produced have been activated by water vapor. 6 wood species (ash, oak, douglas, Sitka spruce, beech and poplar) have been carbonized and the activation has been investigated on 4 wood species (oak, douglas, spruce and poplar). The first chapter of this report consists in a bibliographical study on biomass, its energetic valorization, production of charcoals and their activation. The second chapter of this report presents the experimental results concerning the carbonization. When the carbonization is complete, the main physical properties of the charcoals produced can be correlated to the initial properties of oven dry woods. The anatomic changes induced by pyrolysis have been explained from measurements performed on a mercury porosimeter and observations on an electronic microscope. In the third chapter, charcoals produced from the 4 wood species cited have been activated with water vapor at 800 °C during 1 hour. The main physical parameters characterizing the activated carbons have been determined. The adsorption of phenol in an aqueous phase has been investigated and the isotherms of sorption at 25 °C have been described. The study of mass transfers shows that the adsorption of phenol can be characterized by a global mass transfer coefficient. During the adsorption, 3 successive limiting steps have been observed. For each step, the mass transfer coefficient is quite constant but its value is divided by about 10 after each change of step
Adamon, Gildas David Farid. "Modélisation de la cinétique de gazéification étagée de la biomasse tropicale : cas des balles de riz et des rafles de maïs." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2354/document.
Full textThe gasification tests in this study were carried out using an instrumented installation equipped with a fixed bed reactor using carbon dioxide and water steam, as reagents. In this study, we considered the stepped gasification process. In addition, the ten-year resource availability study allowed us to select two agricultural residues, taking into account their availability over time, the absence of nutritional conflict and their physicochemical characteristics… At the end of this study, two agricultural residues were selected: rice husks and corn cobs. The pyrolysis of these two biomasses was carried out in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 450 °C for a residence time of 45 minutes. A mathematical model based on the Newton method has been proposed to estimate the coke yield of rice husk and corn cobs as a function of temperature, for a fixed residence time. We also carried out a physicochemical characterization of these two agricultural residues as well as their pyrolysis cokes. Several pyrolysis tests have also been carried out in ATG in order to determine the real order of the decomposition reactions by pyrolysis, of these two biomasses, as a function of temperature. For the gasification tests, they were carried out on the pyrolysis coke of the two retained biomasses, using an installation equipped with a fixed-bed reactor on the one hand, and by thermogravimetric analysis of another hand. Several kinetic models (VRM, SCM and RPM) were used to model the gasification reaction kinetics of rice husk and corn cobs with carbon dioxide and water steam. It appears that the RPM model is the most suitable of the three models studied to best simulate the gasification reaction of char from rice husk and corn cobs under the operating conditions studied in this study. Thus, the activation energies obtained are respectively 165.8 kJ/mol and 152.9 kJ/mol with carbon dioxide and water steam for rice husk while the exponential factor varies from 2595.4 s-1 to 3473.4 s-1 with respective values of the structural parameter Ψ = 3.8 for the Boudouard reaction and Ψ = 2.16 for the water steam gasification. However, the activation energies obtained for corn cobs are 114.4 kJ/mol and 105.5kJ/mol respectively with carbon dioxide and water steam while the exponential factor varies from 13.9 s-1 to 18.3 s-1 with respective values of the structural parameter Ψ = 12.3 for the Boudouard reaction and Ψ = 8.68 for the water steam gasification
Ghorbel, Ben Abid Manel. "Contamination métallique issue des déchets de l'ancien site minier de Jebel Ressas : modélisation des mécanismes de transfert et conception de cartes d'aléa post-mine dans un contexte carbonaté et sous un climat semi-aride : évaluation du risque pour la santé humaine." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU30120.
Full textAn integrated multidisciplinary method was proposed to study the transfer of metallic contamination from the waste of the old mining site (Pb-Zn) of Jebel Ressas, to Humans. We considered the physico-chemical characteristics of the source, the climate conditions and the topography to rank the dispersion vectors of metals from the treatment wastes to the environment. The wind is the main agent of scattering metals in all directions, with variable quantities which may exceed the standards of air quality for Pb and Cd up to several hundreds of meters far from the source. The particle hydric transfer is limited because of the soft topography around the waste dumps. The transfer in solution is negligible thanks to the carbonated environment. The risk assessment for human health at the village of Jebel Ressas show that carbonated environment and the neutral pH of physiological fluids in the body, limits metals dissolution and their bioaccessible amounts. However, Pb and Cd may induce a risk especially for children as well as a probable carcinogenic for the entire population
Lesage, Geoffroy. "Etude de l’élimination de substances aromatiques dangereuses dans un procédé couplant adsorption et biodégradation." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000340/.
Full textOne of the main challenges currently facing environmental conservation is to reduce the discharge of organic micropollutants from industrial liquid outflows. Biological aerobic treatment is the most commonly used treatment, but conventional systems were not conceived with the idea of eliminating micropollutants, these molecules not necessarily being biodegraded. Among the selected substances, the least volatile molecules are also the most hydrophobic (PAHs) and tend to be absorbed mostly on suspended solids or sludge. Conversely, the less hydrophobic but highly volatile molecules, such as BTEX, have a strong tendency to be transferred into the atmosphere during the aeration phase. In the project ANR HYBIOX « hybrid biological practices for improving the breakdown of xenobiotics », hybrid bioreactors based on the addition of mobile and absorbent surfaces in the activated sludge processes are evaluated, so as to better pinpoint these pollutants and to allow flocs and biofilms to co-exist within the same reactor. The coupling of physicochemical and biological phenomena was studied in an SBR. Modelling these phenomena allows us to test hypotheses, predict the optimal operating conditions for stopping a process, and helps with the interpretation of the results. We drew on a model of adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces, developed under Matlab®, and on a model integrating the coupling of phenomena, developed under Aquasim®. The simulations carried out correspond with the experimental results and allow us to conclude that the abiotic elimination mechanisms play a very important role in the “purification results” of the biological aerobic treatment process. Over the course of the treatment, the transfer of BTEX from the liquid phase to the gas compartment was significant (>99% in two hours) and the quantities of PAHs detected in the solid fraction were considerable. The hybrid reactor presents a number of advantages over a classic biological process. On the one hand, the addition of activated carbon grains in the activated sludge process allows us to pinpoint the targeted pollutants and increase their residence time within the process. On the other hand, to reduce their concentration to a non-inhibitory level (if this is the case), and finally to allow the absorption of variations in charge which are common in industrial outflow. For more volatile and less hydrophobic molecules (ex : BTEX), the addition of absorbent particles and the analysis of operational modes which minimize the transfer in the gas phase are the predominant points. We will therefore have to evaluate with which dynamic the adsorbent can bioregenerate in the system
Ondet, Jérôme. "Adaptation d'une torche à plasma à couplage inductif à la détection de polluants dans les effluents des centrales thermiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF2A002.
Full textMichel, Julien. "Transport d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques et de métaux dans les sols non saturés." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL058N/document.
Full textPAHs and heavy metals are major soil pollutants and most of former industrial soils are co-polluted by both types of compounds. The aim of this work was to assess their transport in polluted soils under saturated and unsaturated flow conditions. This study was carried out by two approaches. First, heavy metal influence on PAH sorption and vice versa was studied with a “model” system. We showed that when the soil was simultaneously contaminated with fluoranthene and zinc, zinc retention was lower than when it was alone in the soil. As a consequence zinc would be expected to migrate more easily to the water table in co-polluted soils. Lead was more strongly retained in the presence of fluoranthene. But heavy metal influence on fluoranthene sorption was of minor importance. Then, PAH and heavy metal transport in a former coking plant soil was evaluated at the laboratory scale, under saturated and unsaturated flow conditions, by means of column experiments, and at the lysimeter scale under natural atmospheric conditions. The goal of these experiments was to compare PAH and heavy metal migration in a field-like situation with results obtained in the laboratory and to determine the appropriate experimental device for risk assessment studies. We showed that column experiments may overestimate PAH migration at the field scale. However heavy metal leaching was in accordance with what was expected from lysimeter experiments. But such experiments are rather time consuming and quite expensive, and as a consequence not adapted for risk assessment studies. Therefore we designed an original laboratory set up able to represent PAH and heavy metal migration at the field scale