Academic literature on the topic 'Déchets – Élimination – Biodégradation'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Déchets – Élimination – Biodégradation":
Morais, Joácio júnior de Araujo. "Influence des pré-traitements mécaniques et biologiques des Ordures Ménagères Résiduelles (OMR) sur leur comportement bio-physico-chimique en Installation de Stockage de Déchets (ISD)." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0121/these.pdf.
The European directive 99/31/CE on the storage of solid waste fixes the requirements of integrated waste management. By mechanical-biological pretreatment (MBP) of residual municipal solid waste it is possible to reduce the quantity of waste to be landfilled and the waste biodegradable fraction. The objective of this PhD thesis was to evaluate the influence of the MBP of residual municipal solid waste on their behaviour in landfill. In this purpose, the work was based on the one hand on the study of the effectiveness of the operations of two industrial and semi-industrial processes of MBP (at SDEE-Lozère and at CREED) and, on the other hand, on the evaluation of the behavior of pretreated waste in laboratory scale test landfill simulation reactor with and without leachate recirculation. The positive influence of the MBP of the two processes is observed as well as the effect of the recirculation on all bioreactors
Segbeaya, Kwamivi Nyonuwosro. "Evaluation de l'impact des déchets ménagers de la ville de Kara (Togo) sur la qualité de la rivière Kara." Limoges, 2012. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/382a0337-37c6-4c06-8267-1744baf19e43/blobholder:0/2012LIMO4057.pdf.
The focus of this research is to identify the indicators of the impact of municipal solid waste on the river Kara. The Physical and chemical composition of the waste, bacteriological and physical and chemical quality of water and the capacity of sediment to mobilize and transfer the pollutants, are considered to define these indicators. The organic matter is particular used to predict the biodegradation of the waste and evaluate the decrease of the water quality. The capacity of sediment to transfer the heavy metal is shown by leaching performed under conditions of forced dissolution. The waste of city from Kara contains one high proportion of the fine fraction and the percentage of the putrescible fraction is characteristic of the waste of countries in development. The test of biodegradation has confirmed the freshness state of the waste collected in households and the waste coming from service activities. The monitoring spatiotemporal of the bacteriological and physical and chemical parameters of the water and sediment has permitted to identify the organic matter and metal elements as one of the best indicators of the impact of the management waste on the river Kara
Lornage, Raphaël. "Comparaison de trois filières de stockage d'ordures ménagères : étude du comportement des déchets en pilotes semi industriels et caractérisation des émissions liquides et gazeuses associées." Lyon 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/13/37/69/PDF/These_Raphael_LORNAGE_2006.pdf.
The present work is dealing with three ways of MSW treatment : conventional landfill, bioreactor landfill and mechanical and biological treatment (MBT) prior landfill. The study of pilot scale experiments allowed the follow up of biological degradation of MSW in both aerobic (MBT) and anaerobic conditions (landfill). The aerobic treatment leads to a significant reduction of methane production potential of the wastes to be landfilled. The monitoring of gaseous emissions during the treatment shows an important volatile organic compounds (VOC) release. Leachate recirculation on fresh waste generates pollutants concentration. Beneficial effect of recirculation has not been clearly shown. Qualitative and quantitative measurements of liquid and gaseous emissions authorized the calculation of emission factors as well as mass balances (mass, water, carbon and nitrogen). Greenhouse gases and odours emissions and geotechnical behaviour of landfilled waste were also integrated in the comparison. The statistical assessment of VOC emissions contributes to a better understanding of generation and emission phenomena of such compounds
Ponce, Caballero Maria del Carmen. "Dégradation microbienne des résidus de traitements phytosanitaires dans des dispositifs rustiques de type lits biologiques : les biobacs." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS001.
Christophe, Gwendoline. "Etude de Fibrobacter succinogenes en bioréacteur anaérobie en vue de la dégradation de déchets végétaux." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718166.
Euphrosine-Moy, Valérie. "Modélisation de la dégradation de la lignine par l'ozone en lit fixe, en système triphasique." Toulouse, INPT, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPT017G.
Achour, Faouzia. "Caractérisation de la matière organique dans les ordures ménagères : recherche d'indicateurs de stabilité." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0058/these.pdf.
The concept of the sanitary storage rises progressively toward “sustainable landfill". The objective is to avoid transmitting sanitary risk from a generation to another. To meet this objective, two processed of acceleration of organic matter degradation are proposed: mechanical-biological pretreatment and leach ate recirculation. These two processes goal are to stabilize more quickly the stored waste. Nevertheless, the notion of waste stability is still not well defined. The aim of this PhD thesis is to finalize a multi criteria characterization methodology: global, chemical, biological and thermal one, in order to describe the organic matter degradation with objectivity. This methodology applied on different waste having undergone various treatments of aerobic and anaerobic stabilization has permitted to value the impact of these processes on the waste degradation. On the other hand, the data analysis on the different studied wastes has showed the most applicable tests to define the state of organic matter degradation of waste
Castillo, Rivera Luis Antonio (1970. "Etude d'effluents difficilement biodégradables : caractérisation et traitement par procédés d'oxydation avancée (POA)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11060.
Mercier, Rachel. "Traitement par des champignons filamenteux de sols contaminés par des composés organiques persistants : application aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11082.
Mostefaoui, Nabil. "Intégration des procédés électrochimiques dans une filière de traitement des lixiviatis de décharge pour l'élimination de la charge organique difficilement biodégradable." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2024. https://these.univ-paris-est.fr/intranet/2024/TH2024PESC2004.pdf.
This thesis focuses on utilizing electrochemical processes for the treatment of actual landfill leachate from the municipal landfill site of Algiers. The challenge lies in the high concentration of poorly biodegradable organic compounds. Three electrochemical processes—namely, anodic oxidation (AO), electro-Fenton (EF), and electro-coagulation (EC)—were examined. The primary objectives were to assess the strengths and weaknesses of each process, understand the underlying mechanisms, and determine their optimal placement within a comprehensive treatment scheme, considering potential integration with biological treatment. The study was part of a collaborative project funded by PHC Tassili (Algeria/France).In laboratory-scale batch reactors, AO and EF processes were analyzed, comparing different anode and cathode materials to identify the most effective configuration for removing organic compounds from raw landfill leachates. AO with a boron-doped diamond anode (BDD) proved most suitable, achieving 81% removal of total organic carbon after 6 hours at 500 mA. However, drawbacks included high energy consumption (116 kWh m-3), partial nitrogen removal, and the formation of undesirable chemical species from chloride oxidation.The integration of AO into a comprehensive treatment scheme was explored to capitalize on its non-selective removal of organic compounds while addressing identified drawbacks. Combining AO with EC and biological treatment aimed to reduce current density and treatment time during the AO process. EC showed potential for a 40% partial removal of the organic load with low energy consumption (2.8 kWh m-3). However, sludge management posed challenges. Applying AO at 200 mA for 4 hours increased mineralization efficiency to 65%, and this treatment step enhanced the biodegradability of the residual organic load. Combining AO with the membrane bioreactor at the Algiers landfill site showed promise, reducing the formation of ClO3- and ClO4- ions significantly.Using AO as a pre-treatment before the membrane bioreactor emerged as a more promising strategy, optimizing energy consumption and minimizing the formation of ClO3- and ClO4- ions compared to post-treatment. The membrane bioreactor efficiently removed nitrogen load. Overall, a treatment train incorporating EC and AO as pre-treatment before the membrane bioreactor appears promising for reducing the residual organic load, potentially decreasing concentrates generated by subsequent membrane-based treatment steps