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Academic literature on the topic 'Déchets – Composition chimique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Déchets – Composition chimique"
Neuville, Daniel R., and Laurent Cormier. "Le verre : un matériau d’hier, d’aujourd’hui et de demain." Matériaux & Techniques 110, no. 4 (2022): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2022037.
Full textTshala Upite, Joseph, Alain Kitabala Misonga, Emery Kasongo Mukonzo Lenge, and Luciens Nyembo Kimuni. "Effets des composts ménagers sur les propriétés du sol e t sur la productivité des cultures légumières : Cas de la tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 13, no. 7 (February 13, 2020): 3411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i7.35.
Full textJarry, V., P. Ross, L. Champoux, H. Sloterdijk, A. Mudroch, Y. Couillard, and F. Lavoie. "Repartition spatiale des contaminants dans les sediments du Lac St-Louis (Fleuve St-Laurent)." Water Quality Research Journal 20, no. 2 (May 1, 1985): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1985.020.
Full textOnabanjo, R. S., G. S. Ojewola, D. N. Onunkwo, O. O. Adedokun, E. U. Ewa, A. O. Nzotta, and K. K. Safiyu. "Performance of broiler chickens fed rice milling waste based diets." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 2 (March 2, 2021): 148–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i2.2943.
Full textOmoruyi, G. O., I. O. Busari, and O. J. Babayemi. "In-vitro assessment of the nutritive value of vegetable wastes as feed supplement for ruminants." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 49, no. 5 (May 26, 2023): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3772.
Full textCHAPOUTOT, Patrick, Benoît ROUILLÉ, Daniel SAUVANT, and Bénédicte RENAUD. "Les coproduits de l’industrie agro-alimentaire : des ressources alimentaires de qualité à ne pas négliger." INRA Productions Animales 31, no. 3 (January 18, 2019): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2018.31.3.2353.
Full textPafadnam, Ibrahim, Nièssan Kohio, Wêpari Charles Yaguibou, Abdoul Karim Kagoné, Zacharie Koalaga, and Pascal André. "Étude de la composition chimique des fluoroalkylamines utilisés en agriculture et en médecine dans le cadre de l’incinération par plasma entre 500 K et 20 000 K." Journal International de Technologie, de l'Innovation, de la Physique, de l'Energie et de l'Environnement 8, no. 1 (February 9, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.52497/jitipee.v8i1.320.
Full textLeyo, Idriss Hamidou, Zakari Moussa Ousman, Fréderic Francis, and Rudy Caparros Megido. "Techniques de production d’asticots de mouches domestiques (Musca domestica L. 1758) pour l’alimentation des volailles, synthèse bibliographique." Tropicultura, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/2295-8010.1813.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Déchets – Composition chimique"
Moustafa, Ahmad. "Caractérisation chimique (minérale et organique) des lixiviats issus de la décharge des déchets à Tripoli-Liban." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR008.
Full textThe global production of waste is increasing rapidly, posing a source of threat to living beings, human health and the environment. Most of the waste produced is disposed of in poorly controlled landfills, especially in third world countries such as Lebanon. The waste is subjected to degradation processes resulting in the release of many toxic substances mainly leachate which is loaded with pollutants constituting a major source of environmental pollution. In Lebanon, waste is disposed of in uncontrolled landfills without any prior sorting. The Tripoli landfill is one of the most dangerous landfills in Lebanon due to the disposal of leachate in the aquatic environment without any treatment.Our research work aims to study the physico-chemical characteristics; the temporal and seasonal variation in the quality of the leachate from the Tripoli landfill in northern Lebanon, and the estimation of the probable risk of leachate in the study area. In order to meet these objectives, several sampling campaigns were carried out covering the summer and winter periods, as well as the old and new cells of the body of the landfill. The variation of the 100 leachate quality parameters, namely dissolved organic components; inorganic macro-components; metallic trace elements; and xenobiotic organic compounds were monitored according to standard methods of wastewater analysis using specific laboratory equipment. Analyzes of the leachate quality showed a large variation between the two-landfill units. The content of the majority of pollutants (organic and mineral) detected in the new landfill unit is much higher than that found in the old unit. This indicates the heterogeneous state of the landfill body and the influence of age on the quality of the leachate. The quantity and quality of the leachate is strongly correlated with climatic conditions and it depends on the pollutant studied, reflecting the complexity of the seasonal effect on the quality of the leachate from the Tripoli landfill. High values of LPI (Leachate Pollution Index) and leachate pH were found which show the age of the Tripoli landfill. High values of LPI and the annual flow of pollutants (organic and mineral) were found, which shows the high toxicity of the leachate as well as the occasional pollution of the different behaviors of the neighboring aquatic environment (Abou Ali River and Mediterranean Sea).The results obtained in this study give a clear picture of the leachate quality of the Tripoli landfill; which will be used to set corrective and preventive actions for the hazardous situation of the landfill, and to attract the attention of local and national managers to limit the danger and move towards a good management of leachate rejected by the establishment of a specific treatment system of leachate
Sterpenich, Jérôme. "Altération des vitraux médiévaux : contribution à l'étude du comportement à long terme des verres de confinement." Nancy 1, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1998_0211_STERPENICH.pdf.
Full textNguyen, Minh Thu. "Modélisation hydromécanique des ouvrages de stockage des déchets radioactifs avec prise en compte de l'endommagement et du transfert de l'hydrogène." Rennes, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAR0006.
Full textThe argilite of Callovo Oxfordien is a sedimentary rock formed in sea water which is made up mainly of quartz, carbonates, argillaceous minerals and various minerals. This heterogeneity of constitution associated with a very low porosity of about 12% confers on argillite a specific behaviour. Indeed this specific behaviour is induced by: (i) of the mechanisms on a microscopic scale of type forces contact with friction for solid minerals quartz and calcite, of repulsion and viscosity for argillaceous minerals and (ii) of the strong interactions between the solid and fluid phases. Thus the conceptual model of the short-term behaviour is proposed while being based on five hydraulic characteristics: (1) two surfaces of loads of the type Drescher & Mroz, associated a pressure of consolidation of 200MPa and a cohesion on healthy argillite, (2) the creation of an anisotropic damage induced by the strains in extension under states of stresses deviators, (3) a distribution of the stress between the solid phases and fluids which uses the coefficient of Biot depend on the maximum damage, (4) a concept of the effective stress for the partially saturated states by calling upon an equivalent pore pressure which depends on the capillary pressure and an average value of the damage and (5) the absence of volumic strains of swelling on healthy argillite. The plastic strain-rates are specified by the non_associative flow rule with the plastic loading surface F and the plastic potential G. On the other hand the behaviour differed from argillite utilizes many mechanisms, chemical, physicochemical and a slip on the scale of the argillaceous layers inducing of the phenomena of viscosity. In the absence of a consensus related mainly to the experimental difficulties and being the subject of current research of the geotechnical grouping of research, one thus proposed a simplified macroscopic model. The introduction of a phase gas into the computer code of finite elements CLEO allowing simulating the transfer of hydrogen. The dealt with problems relate to a standard work cell in direct contact with argillite (without bentonite barrier) with a production of H2 variable in time. These modelling are proposed without heating effect. Lastly, simulations of the saturation of an embanked gallery have the aim of studying the basic phenomena brought into play at the time of the resaturation of a gallery. One proposed a hierarchisation in the processes of simulation by adopting the development of the two conceptual models, one bearing on physics and the other on the numerical aspects. The numerical conceptual model milked space-time introduction of the constituent voluminal elements
Hussain, Hallshow. "Etude de la composition, du comportement mécanique et de l'endommagement d'un béton recyclé." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2006.
Full textAlaux-Négrel, Gabrielle. "Etude de l'évolution des eaux profondes en milieu granitiques et assimilés : comportement des élements traces." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077274.
Full textPruvost, Charlotte. "Potentiel de la Biodiversité dans la construction de Technosols à partir de déchets urbains." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1161/document.
Full textTopsoil requirements for the development of urban green spaces induce a harvest of agricultural or natural soils. On the other hand, huge volumes of deep horizons excavated during the construction of buildings are dumped on the outskirts of cities, with an impact on the environment. The recycling of these inert wastes for the construction of soils for green spaces appears as a promising solution. However, it is necessary to ensure that these constructed Technosols are suitable for plant and animal diversity, and can deliver ecosystem services, as proposed by this thesis. The composition of the material mixes (deep horizons, urban green waste compost, crushed concrete) was manipulated in a 4000 m² experiment in collaboration with the company ECT and CD 93. A four-year monitoring showed that the compost used was responsible for the death of some trees, but associated with concrete, it greatly increased their growth rate and macrofaunal colonization. In the meadow land use, the addition of compost increased biomass production and altered the assemblage of the plant community, favoring competitive species, but no effect on macrofauna assemblage was observed. In a mesocosm experiment aiming at studying the link between plant diversity and productivity, complementarity between species was observed for one of the three communities, at an intermediate level of fertility. It is therefore possible to improve the primary productivity of new ecosystems by manipulating the composition of the mixtures of materials while avoiding the dominance of certain species, in order to preserve diversified communities
Codina, Maud. "Les bétons bas pH - Formulation, caractérisation et étude à long terme." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199021.
Full textPlusieurs liants incorporant du ciment Portland, de la fumée de silice, des cendres volantes et / ou du laitier sont comparés. Tous ces systèmes sont caractérisés par des teneurs en ajouts très importantes, la fraction de clinker n'étant comprise qu'entre 20 et 60 %.
Après un an d'hydratation, la solution interstitielle des pâtes de liants bas pH présente des pH compris entre 11,7 et 12,2 selon la formulation, réduit de plus d'une unité par rapport aux témoins à base de CEM I ou CEM V. Cette chute de pH (comparé à celui d'un CEM I (13,5)) est concomitante i) d'une forte réduction de la concentration en alcalins dans la solution porale, ii) de la disparition ou de la diminution de la teneur en portlandite dans les matériaux, iii) et de l'enrichissement en silice des C-S-H.
Ces liants ont été utilisés avec succès pour mettre au point des bétons bas pH haute performance (pH de la solution interstitielle compris entre 10,7 et 11,6 selon les liants) avec les outils classiques du génie civil.
Enfin, des études de lixiviation en eau désionisée montrent que les pâtes de liants bas pH se décalcifient environ 4 fois moins vite que celle à base de ciment Portland. Les évolutions minéralogiques et les flux lixiviés par l'eau pure (pH 7) à 25 °C ont pu être modélisés à l'aide du code HYTEC en associant deux modules de réactivité chimique et de transport par diffusion.
Azrar, Hassane. "Contribution à la valorisation des sédiments de dragage portuaire : technique routière, béton et granulats artificiels." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10171/document.
Full textIn front of problems of management of harbour dredging sediment, today, it appears necessary to find potential solutions of valosisation allowing to answer effectively these problems. the valorisation in civil engineering, of not immergeables sediments of ports of Dunkirk and Saint Louis, presents an alternative solution to the management of these materials. the works undertaken within the framework of this thesis are focused on the one hand, on the valorisation of Saint Louis sediment in road construction, and the other hand on the valorisation of Dunkirk sediment in concrete as well as artificials agregates. After physicochimical characterisation, mineralogical and mechanical, environmental impact of raw sediment of Saint Louis harbour and the potential use of these materials in road constuction are evaluated. the study of formulation of materials, for use in layer fondation, was based on an experimental method of determination of maximum compactness. The optimal granular mixtures fulfilling the terms of a use in a layer fondation are the evaluated through leaching tests. The concrete party concerns the formulation of the concretes containing Dunkerk sediment. After the characterisation of these materials, three concretes were the object of a durability study vis-a-vis the external sulphate attack associated with a not destructive characterisation in order to study the influence of incorporation of sediment on properties of concretes. The artificial aggregates party presents the feasibility study of aggregates with sediment, the granular plate and the big-bag technique are two making method used
Dazas, Baptiste. "Influence de la cristallochimie des smectites sur la structuration de l'eau et des cations interfoliaires." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENU047/document.
Full textSwelling clay minerals such as smectites are ubiquitous at the Earth surface and possess major hydration ability and contaminant uptake/retention capacity. As a consequence smectites exert a pivotal influence on elemental transfers in surficial environments. These properties are especially relevant also when smectites are used as sealant in engineered or geological barriers for waste disposal facilities. As interlayer H2O molecules account for more than 80% of smectite water in undersaturated conditions, characterization of H2O organization and dynamics in smectites interlayers is essential to determining the geometrical and dynamical properties of clay barriers for waste disposal and to predicting the mobility of contaminant whose principal vector is water. Within this general framework, the present works describe, in a first time, the structuration of interlayer water/cations in saturated conditions. Then, in a second time, review the influence of structural parameters such as the amount and location of layer charge deficit and the chemical composition (and more especially the presence of structural fluorine/hydroxyl) on smectite hydration properties. A set of samples covering the whole compositional range of swelling phyllosilicates has thus been synthesized and characterized chemically and structurally. Special attention was paid to determining the amount (water vapor sorption isotherms) and the distribution (X-ray diffraction) of interlayer water. Molecular modeling allowed unraveling the origin of the contrasting behaviors observed experimentally and to determine the influence of the different crystal-chemical parameters on smectite hydration. This step is essential for the prediction of smectite reactivity in the environment from a limited number of crystal-chemical parameters. Molecular modeling allowed unraveling the origin of the contrasting behaviors observed experimentally and to determine the influence of the different crystal-chemical parameters on smectite hydration. This step is essential for the prediction of smectite reactivity in the environment from a limited number of crystal-chemical parameters
Poblete-Grant, Patricia Victoria. "Impact of poultry manure application, alone or combined with phosphate rock on biogeochemical cycling of C and P in grassland soils." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS294.
Full textPhosphate fertilizers are manufactured from the non-renewable phosphate rock (RP) sources. In the future, it has been prospected a scarcity of this sources due to its high demand to enhance crops yields for feeding the growing world population. Alternatives in the use of inorganic phosphorus (P) sources are encouraged to promote the sustainability in agricultural systems. This thesis project was performed to assess the impact of poultry manure (PM) application, alone or combined with RP, on soil quality, carbon (C) sequestration, P availability and ryegrass production. We sampled four different farms amended with long-term PM compost and, also, we performed a 13C labelled laboratory experiment using PM compost, RP, and their combination (PMRP) on ryegrass plants grown on two soil types. Our research showed that soils receiving long-term PM compost increased significantly SOC content. Promoting larger particle size by PM led to an increase on SOC and available P. On the other hand, from the laboratory experiment we reported that the combined use of PM and RP, showed a positive effect for soil available P in both soils, while for plant parameters, synergistic and antagonistic effects were soil type dependent. Our study clearly indicated that both PM compost and its mixture with RP applied in two different soil types increased total SOC and labile organic C. Moreover, the greatest contribution to stored SOC were observed as PM compost-derived C. Further field experiments are needed to account realistic and effective effect of PM alone and its mixture with RP to assess long-term soil C stabilization and P availability, including plant productive and quality parameters