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Lindström, Matts. "Drömmar om det minsta : Mikrofilm, överflöd och brist, 1900–1970." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för kultur och estetik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-142895.
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This thesis explores the cultural history of microfilm and microphotography during the period 1900–1970, thus contributing to the broader field of research on the history of 20th century information management in the era before digital technology. The aim is to study how microfilm repeatedly, in various contexts and over time, was described and perceived as a new medium. To this end the book examines and analyses the plans, dreams and visionary prognostics put forth by various historical actors with an interest in microfilm – using case studies situated at different junctures and periods (1904–1910, 1937, 1940–1952, 1950–1970), while also ranging geographically from the United States to Europe and Sweden. From a theoretical and methodological point of view the thesis seeks to understand the historical formation of microfilm by developing the notions of configuration and reconfiguration, employing a perspective which emphasizes the continuous ontological interplay and interdependence of materiality and discourse in the formation of media. Thus, at the empirical level, the analysis takes into account realized technological materialities as well as unrealized imaginary articulations, dreams and expectations integral to the configuration of microfilm within a broader culture of paperwork. As a result of this approach the study draws on scientific texts and articles in journals, as well as newspaper reports, commercial messages, ads, handbooks and various archival documents. The analysis reveals a close relationship between microfilm and experiences of entropy connected to information systems based on paper and paperwork. It is argued that, within the dreams and plans that are studied, the most important function of microfilm was to regulate noise, decay and disorder associated with the materiality of paper – through ordering, operating on and modifying the capacities of paper media. It is also noted that microfilm was perceived and articulated as a new medium over a long period of time, even though very little changed at the technological level. From a historiographical point of view, it is thus argued, microfilm can be characterized as a simultaneously continuous and discontinuous phenomenon, taking part in a history that unfolded through repetitions, returns and non-linear steps rather than along an uninterrupted, linear path.
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Henningsson, Börje. "Det röda Dalarna : Socialdemokrater, anarkosyndikalister och kommunister inom Dalarnas Arbetarrörelse 1906-1937." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3995.
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This dissertation investigates the internal struggles within the labour movement in Dalarna at the beginning of the twentieth century. I investigate Social Democracy, Anarcho-Syndicalism and Communism, the three major factions of the working class. I study the relationship between these organisations and their supporters in the complex socio-economic area of Dalarna. I have based my study on the three party programs and their answer to two central questions of the time: Will the conflicts of society lead to revolution? and How should politics and production be organised in the non capitalist society to come? Generally, anarcho-syndicalists argue that state power must be transformed to local government, social democrats hope to make different social interests compromise into political consensus. Communists want a proletarian state through social revolution. How were those ideologies received in Dalarna? In the beginning, anarchists fought social democrats: The opposition excluded from social democracy 1917 was also more influenced by anarchism than by communism. The opposition founded a party, witch towards the 1920´s turned from anarchism into communism, and the small farmers, that erlier had been attracted by the anarchist influenced rural propaganda, left and more industrial workers joined. Simultaneously, anarchists reorganised from a political party to a syndicalistic trade union, gradually mowing from the industrialised south to northern Dalarna. Communists, mainly left in the industrialised south, were shaken by two splits in the 1920´s and they lost their ability to compete with the social democrats in democratic elections. In Dalarna, social democrats, confronting anti-parliamentary anarchy and totalitarian communism alike, won the contest within the labour movement: At the end of the period, they dominated the area.
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Eriksson, Per. "Stadshypoteks plats och bana inom det svenska kreditväsendet 1909-1970 : en socialhistorisk studie." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1200.
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Henningsson, Börje. "Det röda Dalarna : socialdemokrater, anarkosyndikalister och kommunister inom Dalarnas arbetarrörelse 1906-1937 = Dalarna became red : Social Democrats, Anarcho-Syndicalists, and Communists of the labour movement in Dalarna 1906-1937 /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3995.
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鄭會欣 and Hwei-shing Cheng. "Foreign debt policy of the Nationalist government, 1927-37." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31210193.
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Magud, Nicolas Ernesto. "Output structure, debt denomination, and exchange rate regimes." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/244.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.<br>Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Bi, Ran. "Essays on sovereign debt structure, default and renegotiation." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8024.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Lars, Ahnland. "Financialization in Swedish Capitalism : Debt, inequality and crisis in Sweden, 1900-2013." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148711.
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This dissertation adresses financialization – the increasing role of financial activities in the overall economy – in Sweden in 1900-2013. The focus is on the long run relationships between private debt, asset markets, inequality and financial crisis during this period. In line with established scholarship, the present study finds that changes in bank debt had a positive impact on the probability of financial crisis in Sweden. Functional income distribution between profits and wages was an underlying factor influencing the formation of bank debt levels through its impact on collateral in stock markets. Expenses related to the Swedish welfare state – the size of the public sector, government investment and housing construction – had a long run relationship with the wage share. The welfare state has been an effective counter-measure not just against a high profit share, but also against financialization. Moreover, the dissertation shows that the recent era of financialization in Swedish capitalism is not unique in kind. Rather, recent financialization is very similar to the macroeconomic situation during the early decades of the 20th Century. These findings are consistent with much of heterodox economic theory, in particular the Neo-Marxist approach.<br><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.</p>
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Nilsson, Niclas. "Varför Storbritannien? : Svenska uppslagsverk och det historiska förklaringsperspektivet (1907-1998)." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Cultural Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-7250.
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<p>Title: Why Great Britain? – Swedish Encyclopaedias and the Explanatory Perspective of History, Essay in History</p><p> </p><p>Abstract</p><p>In my essay I describe how Swedish 20<sup>th</sup> century encyclopaedias interpret the coming about of the British Empire, the overall purpose being to establish a pattern of evolution in terms of historical understanding on the part of the encyclopaedic literature. Firstly, I have tried to determine whether the presentations at all constitute explanatory efforts. In those cases where they do, I have sought to ascertain whether the reasons put forward are to be understood as structural and stable, or as matters of less permanence. I have also tried to link these interpretations to significant “constructions” of history – i. e: to important theories within this discipline. Finally, I have tried to discern a diachronic pattern, both in regard to explanatory efforts and in regard to the grounds for explanation (time perspective and construction). I have also tried to establish a relationship between explanatory effort and grounds for explanation. As far as the explanatory efforts themselves are concerned, no diachronic pattern emerged. As for time perspective and construction, a significant shift had occurred between the youngest and oldest encyclopaedias. The former discussed conditions of little permanence created by historical actors, while the latter stressed the significance of structural, more stable, conditions. The intermediate period, however, held varying perspectives in terms of time and construction. I also found that the explanatory effort itself, seemed to affect these perspectives.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>
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Arráiz, Irani. "Essays on sovereign debt default, settlement, and repayment history /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3752.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.<br>Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Fuller, Beverly R. "Capital structure theory and flotation costs: an empirical analysis of utility debt and equity decisions." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74766.
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This research investigates which theory -- an optimal, irrelevance, or modified pecking order -- best explains a firm's capital structure. A sample of 457 debt and equity utility offerings made from 1973-1982 is used in logit regression analysis to test the predictions of the different theories and the relevance of flotation costs to the financing decision. Target leverage ratios are constructed as averages from industry and firm-specific data. These ratios change over time suggesting that leverage targets are moving in response to general economic conditions.
Miller's irrelevance and the modified pecking order theories (if utilities operate well below their debt capacity) are supported. In spite of using leading and lagging targets, no support is found for an optimal capital structure theory. Also, there is no support for flotation costs when measured as the savings from issuing debt rather than equity.
An anomalous finding that overlevered firms continue to lever with their next financing decision seems to be robust to the different measures of a target leverage ratio. This finding is inconsistent with the three capital structures theories tested.<br>Ph. D.
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Eriksson, Fredrik. "Det reglerade undantaget : högerns jordbrukspolitik 1904-2004 /." Stockholm : Santérus, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-254.
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Wood, Neil. "Debt, credit and business strategy : the law and the local economy, 1850-1900." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31037.
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This thesis analyses the business strategies of small firms in Leicester between 1850 and 1900. As the expansion of the town and the local economy proceeded during the nineteenth century, the uncertainties over debt and credit faced by small firms escalated. Confronted by partial or information asymmetry, small firms developed responses and strategies to overcome their commercial anxieties. This thesis explores two important strands: firstly the way in which the County Court system developed and was re-orientated by firms to meet their needs and, secondly, through the formation of a trade protection society to improve the flow of information, collect debt and enhance members' interests.;In order to investigate these strategies, the procedures, costs and scale of the County Court System are considered and business exposure to the courts reconstructed. These reveal a consciousness about how the civil law could be used to prioritise debt and credit. Furthermore the trade protection society's position as a credit nexus, facilitating the flow of information between firms and its activities as an exemplar of market practice is investigated. The hand to mouth existence of many of these small firms reinforces the importance of these business strategies. While conducted as a case study of Leicester, the work has relevance for towns and cities of the U.K. and provides a counter-balance to those studies which focus on large-scale enterprises and macro-economic forces.
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Rostov, David. "The sensitivity of Brazil's balance of payments and foreign debt to future changes in world economic conditions: 1987-1991." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1342190790.
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Braeger, Ryan M. "American Debtors' Prison: The Rise of the New York Citizen as a Commercial Participant during the Early American Republic, 1800-1836." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1977.
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The following research explores the development of financial culture in the early American republic through the examination of New York's use of debtors' prisons. Beginning with the construction of the historical context surrounding the passage and abolition of the National Bankrupt Act of 1800, the project takes use of a series of archival sources that exemplify the character of credit in early American economic practices. The emergence of republican financial culture was often at odds with federal judicial and legislative action, the result of which was the creation of state policy and third party organizations dedicated to solving the plight of a growing debtor population. As the narrative of debt transitioned from understanding the debtor as a villain towards a victim, traditional criminal punishments no longer represented cultural values. One such institution scrutinized and debated was the debtors' Gaol.
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Dolatkhah, Mats. "Det läsande barnet : minnen av läspraktiker, 1900–1940." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3599.
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This thesis is a study of the cultural history of children’s reading. It is argued that it is important to apply a wider historical perspective to the contemporary debate on the rapid changes in children’s and young people’s reading habits, and that existing historical research rarely deals with reading as a practice, but rather with its institutional and textual conditions such as the school, the library system and children’s literature. The thesis thus aims to explore the practice of reading and its relations to historical circumstances.Through a close reading of 30 retrospective interviews conducted in the 1970’s and 80’s, the analysis deals with some of the experienced motives, inter- pretations, materialities and social dimensions of children’s reading practices experienced in the first decades of the 20th century. It offers a discussion of these practices as related to wider historical contexts. Theoretically, the analysis is in- spired by the conceptualizations of a ‘history of reading’ in the works of Roger Chartier, Robert Darnton and Jonathan Rose.It is concluded that even if the informants in principle had access to different models, motives and genres for reading, the practice of reading often had to take on the character of improvisation in contexts where material resources and soci- al sympathies for reading were lacking. Furthermore, in relation to the complex social tensions and dynamics surrounding reading, the practice may also be defined by its degree of legitimacy and/or autonomy in a given context.These results imply that further research and debate is needed on the con- nections between the value attributed to reading in relation to changing concepts of work and “usefulness”, on the collective historical experiences of cultural progression, and on issues of the identity of the modern children’s library.<br>Akademisk avhandling som med tillstånd av Forsknings- och utbildningsnämnden vid Högskolan i Borås framläggs till offentlig granskning klockan 13.00 fredagen den 16 december 2011 i sal M506, Högskolan i Borås
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Hall, Brown Tyish S. "The effects of natural sleep debt on current mood, working memory, and risk-taking propensity." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8449.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Coutinho, Paulo Henrique Garcia. "Dívida e sociedade de controle no pensamento de Gilles Deleuze." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2006. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1909.
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Este trabalho consiste essencialmente no esforço de tentar esclarecer dois pontos no pensamento de Gilles Deleuze: a idéia de dívida, ou os mecanismos que estão por trás das suas manifestações, efeitos e desdobramentos, com os diferentes dispositivos de soberania e a passagem das sociedades disciplinares para a sociedade contemporânea de controle. Tem por objetivo desenvolver uma investigação a partir das manifestações da idéía de dívida nas mais variadas esferas da sociedade e demonstrar as diversas alterações que esta perspectiva foi alterando as suas disposições, a partir do aprimoramento das relações comerciais, até produzir o que entendemos hoje como um pensamento econômico. Partindo destas relações, esta dissertação demonstra o papel da dívida no desenvolvimento das sociedades disciplinares e na passagem das sociedades disciplinares para as sociedades contemporâneas de controle, localiza as alterações que esta idéia sofreu para continuar a trabalhar as relações de força existentes nas questões referentes à soberania e o seu projeto de transcendência no pensamento ocidental.<br>This paper is essentially about an effort to clarify two issues on Gilles Deleuzes thought: the idea of debt, or the mechanisms behind its manifestations, effects and developments, with the different devices of sovereignty and the crossing of disciplinary societies to contemporary societies of control. It aims at developing an investigation from the manifestations of the concept of debt in many levels of society and at showing the many altered dispositions occurred from this perspective, from the improvement of trade deals to the production of what we currently understand as an economic thought. Considering these deals, this dissertation demonstrates the role of debt in the development of disciplinary societies and in the crossing of disciplinary societies to contemporary societies control. Also, it points out the changes this concept has passed throught in order to keep working on the relations of existing forces in issues regarding to sovereignty and its project of transcendence in occidental thought.
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Broberg, Emma. "Synd eller nöje? : om synen på den mänskliga sexualiteten under det sena 1800-talet och det tidiga 1900-talet." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för utbildning och ekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-10679.
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Isgren, Siri. "Det vetbara finns i hjärtat av det fördolda : En narratologisk udersökning av Ingeborg Bachmanns roman Malina." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för genus, kultur och historia, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-5800.
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In this paper I study the Austrian author Ingeborg Bachmann’s novel Malina (1971) from the perspective of Gérard Genette’s narrative theory and his notions of tense, mood and voice. In dialogue with earlier research on Malina I reflect over the last scene in the novel, what really happens there and how it matters for the rest of the novel. I give an account of feminist theories with focus on the annihilation of the female voice, the memory as theatre and the folklore tale as flight. The result is a more distinct perception of Bachmann’s skill, closeness and awareness as a writer and her use of Malina as contribution to the feminist debate and as a tool to find a place in the patriarchal world of intellectual, postwar Vienna.<br>I min uppsats har jag undersökt hur Ingeborg Bachmanns roman Malina är uppbyggd ur ett berättartekniskt perspektiv med hjälp av Gérard Genettes begrepp tempus, modus och röst. I diskussion med tidigare forskning har jag reflekterat över vad det är som sker i romanens slutscen och vad det har för betydelse för resten av verket. Jag har redogjort för tidigare forskning som med feministisk grund studerar förintandet av den kvinnliga rösten, minnet som teater och sagan som flykt. Resultaten är en tydligare bild av Bachmanns tekniska skicklighet, täthet och medvetenhet som författare och hur hon dels använder Malina som ett inlägg i den feministiska debatten och dels använder den som ett verktyg för att själv kunna verka i det intellektuella, men patriarkala efterkrigstidens Wien.
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Dinneya, Godson Eze. "An analysis of the impact of democratization on debt-led growth : the Nigerian experience, 1970-2000." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007807.
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The debt-for democracy hypothesis is that undemocratic governments were largely responsible for not only the accumulation but also poor management of externally sourced capital resources. External borrowing had therefore failed to lead to growth of the economies of debtor countries under undemocratic political leadership. Despite this explanation of the debt problem conventional empirical analyses of the debt-growth relationship did not include political institutional variables. This study investigates the relationship between democratization and debt-led growth, using Nigeria, a typical debtor country whose politics was dominated by 'undemocratic ' governance, as a case study. Two broad research questions are investigated namely, whether available data support a negative or positive contribution of debt to the growth of the Nigeria economy during the period 1970-2000; and ifso was there any link between the levels of democratization in Nigeria and debt-led growth. Using a census of major political events in Nigeria around four dimensions of democratization, four primary indices of democratization and one composite index were constructed for the period. Using the Taylor (1983) marginal conditions to gauge the contribution of external debt to the growth of the Nigerian economy, the study found that external debt is capable of playing a double edged sword on the performance of the economy. Positive contributions coincided with the periods when Nigeria's oil dominated foreign exchange revenues were robust, and/ or when debt management strategies were better articulated and vice versa. The analyses of the link between democratization and debt-led growth using both correlation and regression techniques, yielded different results in two definitional contexts of debt-led growth. When defined purely in terms of the Taylor marginal conditions for a positive contribution of debt to the economy of a borrowing nation, the results support the pessimist view that democratization impeded growth. On the contrary, when debt-led growth was defined in a broader sense to incorporate variables such as domestic savings and investment, foreign direct investments, public and private consumption and debt burden, there was strong evidence that debt-led growth performed beller at higher levels of democratization than other wise. The result using the narrow definition was found to be a direct consequence of the overriding influence of export performance in the Taylor conditions. With Nigeria's exports almost entirely dominated by extractive industry the result derived using the narrow definition confirmed the theoretical links between natural resource endowment and regime type on the one hand, and external capital and the nature of the host country 's industry on the other. In the first resource dependence allowed the political leadership to be more detached and less accountable to the electorate since they did not need to levy taxes. Secondly foreign investors concerned with security of their sunk investments in the extractive oil induslly in particular favoured continuity of powerfol regimes with less democratic content. In both findings one thing was common: democratization was associated more with those factors whose decreases affect growth positively than with those whose increases improve growth. The conclusion from this is that the impact of democratization is stronger with negative than with positive growth factors. In other words, while democratization may be supportive of growth its greater impact appears to be in limiting the factors that themselves limit growth. To benefit from the favourable impact of democratisation on debt-led growth therefore the study suggests that improvements in the democratisation process in Nigeria is needed It identifies political education as central to this improvement. A model is developed to show how improvements in the political institutional framework may trickle down, through an enabling environment that is capable of engendering growth-enhancing domestic and international responses to lead in the direction of debt-led growth.
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Carlsson, Carl Mikael. "Det märkvärdiga mellantinget : Jordbrukares sociala status i omvandling 1780−1900." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-128895.
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During a period corresponding to approximately 1789−1872 the Swedish system of estates was phased out. New ideas challenged the organic view of society, and through a number of political reforms the estate privileges were abolished one by one. The reforms went hand in hand with a change in the social stratification at that time. The distinct difference between peasants and gentlemen that had characterized the countryside were erased and replaced by new ways of categorising people. This development has been described in broad strokes in previous research, leaving the roles of individuals overshadowed. This thesis is about individuals who were on the border between being peasants and gentlemen, how they were viewed by the class society, and the role they played in the dissolution of the same. The focus is centred on a population of wealthy farmers around the rural areas of Västerås during the years 1780−1900, and how they were perceived and acted in terms of title, lineage, education, occupation, farm holdings, building customs, naming customs and political life. The investigation shows that the differences between peasants and gentlemen remained during the period, but that it changed in character from a difference in kind, to a difference in degree. Important reasons for this were the gentlemen’s increased interest in agriculture and the emergence of a group of very wealthy farmers. The increase of rich farmers was more prevalent in the first half of the nineteenth century. They embraced some of the gentry’s behaviour, for instance through the acquisition of mansions, but as they often held political positions that by law should be held by peasants, they also preserved their common appearance. In this way the limits for what could be considered common were moved forward, and the difference between peasants and gentlemen weakened. The gentry’s interest in agriculture increased gradually and was marked by the introduction of agricultural institutes in the mid-1800s. As the old elite increasingly devoted themselves to agriculture they used titles as ”possessionat” and ”godsägare” (landlord) to rise above the peasants. They made themselves the elite in the peasants' own field, thus opening up to being associated with rich farmers.
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Lisjö, Hugo. "Var det bättre förr? : Kvalitetsskillnaden på svenska storbolag 1997 - 2020." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-83653.
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Uppsatsen syftar till att besvara hur senaste decenniernas teknologiska utveckling har påverkat kvaliteten på den svenska aktiemarknaden. I media har det under en lång tid förekommit artiklar där professionella investerare talar om hur teknologins framsteg nu håller på att förstöra aktiemarknaden. I motsats till detta har en del studier som gjorts visat att kvaliteten istället har förbättrats. För att undersöka hur kvaliteten på den svenska aktiemarknaden har förändrats sedan teknologins intåg har ett par klassiska mått för att mäta aktiemarknadens kvalitet använts. Måtten som använts i denna uppsats är ”Float”, ”Köp/Sälj spread” och ”Turnover”. ”Float” är ett mått som visar hur många aktier som finns till försäljning, ”Köp/Sälj spread” visarskillnaden mellan köp och säljpris, en form av kostnad, och ”Turnover” är ett mått som visar hur stor handeln är i aktien. Dessa tre mått är beräknade på 18 stycken svenska storbolag och har jämförts mellan åren 1997 och 2020 för att se om det är en signifikant skillnad mellan åren. Medelvärdena för alla tre måtten visade sig vara bättre under 2020 än under 1997 vilket visar att kvaliteten skulle ha förbättrats. Dock så var det endast medelvärdet för ”Spread” som var statistiskt skilt mellan de två perioderna. För ”Float” och ”Turnover” kunde statistisk skillnad inte fastslås, trots att medelvärdena för 2020 visade bättre värden än 1997. Skillnaden var inte tillräckligt stor för att den skulle vara signifikant. Sammantaget visar undersökningen att teknologin bidragit till att framförallt sänka kostnaderna för aktiehandel. Andra fördelar som teknologin bidragit med men som inte mäts via kvalitetsmåtten är tex informationsspridningen och ökning av ungas sparande.
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Gunneriusson, Håkan. "Det historiska fältet : svensk historievetenskap från 1920-tal till 1957 /." Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39147340c.
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Axelsson, Maria. "Ifrågasatta företagare : konkursförvaltares syn på kvinnor och män som företagsgäldenärer under 1900-talet /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis (AUU) : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6786.
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Salomão, Ivan Colangelo. "Arroubos econômicos, legitimação política : uma análise da moratória da dívida externa de 1987." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25779.
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A crise de legitimidade que permeou o mandato do presidente José Sarney deveu-se a fatores fundamentalmente políticos, em especial, à associação direta de seu nome com o desprestigiado regime militar. Abandonado pelas lideranças políticas e rechaçado pela sociedade civil, o governo da Nova República encontrou na adoção de medidas econômicas de ampla repercussão popular o meio de se legitimar. A inflação e o estrangulamento externo compunham os dois principais entraves ao desenvolvimento da economia brasileira na década de 1980. Na tentativa de conter a crescente elevação dos preços, lançou-se, em 1986, o Plano Cruzado, cujos resultados imediatos conferiram a mais alta popularidade já ostentada por um chefe do Executivo brasileiro. À medida que o plano sucumbia, o governo passou, então, a utilizar-se do tom nacionalista conferido à questão da dívida externa para granjear o apoio político que sempre lhe faltou. Este trabalho visa a contribuir para o entendimento dos motivos que levaram o governo Sarney, em fevereiro de 1987, a decretar a moratória da dívida brasileira. A argumentação desenvolvida sustenta a hipótese de que esta decisão, a despeito da base técnica em que se calcou, respondeu primordialmente a imperiosidades políticas, em especial, à necessidade de o presidente Sarney legitimar-se perante a sociedade brasileira.<br>The legitimacy crisis that affected President Sarney’s mandate was due to political reasons, principally to the direct association of his name to the illegitimate military regime. Abandoned by political leaders and repelled by civil society, New Republic’s government found in economic measures with expected popular repercussion the way to obtain political support. Inflation and the external restrictions were the two main problems that Brazilian economic development had to face during the 1980´s. In order to contain the former, the Cruzado Plan was launched in 1986. Its immediate results gave the highest popularity ever achieved by an Executive chief leader. However, as the success of the plan succumbed, the government turned then to the use of the same nationalist tone given to the issue of the external debt, desperately seeking the political support it had never had. This essay aims at contributing to the understanding of the reasons that led Sarney’s government, in February of 1987, to order the default on the Brazilian external debt. The argumentation developed to justify this decision sustains the hypothesis that, in spite of the technical basis upon which it seems to rest, it is mainly the response to political imperiousness, especially to the President’s need to legitimate himself in front of Brazilian society.
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Phil, Per-Jonas. "Det gamla lander och det nya : Synen på Sverige och Amerika hos svenska emigranter 1859-1909." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172339.
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This master thesis in History of Science and Ideas explores ideas held by Swedishimmigrants to the United States during the period 1859-1909: their opinions about the newlife in America compared to the life they had before in Sweden. Previous researchindicates that Swedish immigrants in general had a positive view on the possibility tosupport themselves by working in America, contrasted to the limited possibilities to do soin Sweden. Furthermore, they were attracted to America since workers there wereconsidered as equals to persons from upper social classes. Yet, Swedes also had to adaptto the new culture, for example by learning English. The immigrants did not likeeverything about America but most of them wanted to stay there for the rest of their life.The results in this study points to the same conclusions but the source material usedletterswritten by (mainly) workers- makes it possible to take the analysis a bit further, insome respects.
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Pihl, Per-Jonas. "Det gamla landet och det nya : Synen på Sverige och Amerika hos svenska emigranter 1859-1909." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-178276.
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This master thesis in History of Science and Ideas explores ideas held by Swedishimmigrants to the United States during the period 1859-1909: their opinions about the newlife in America compared to the life they had before in Sweden. Previous researchindicates that Swedish immigrants in general had a positive view on the possibility tosupport themselves by working in America, contrasted to the limited possibilities to do soin Sweden. Furthermore, they were attracted to America since workers there wereconsidered as equals to persons from upper social classes. Yet, Swedes also had to adaptto the new culture, for example by learning English. The immigrants did not likeeverything about America but most of them wanted to stay there for the rest of their life.The results in this study points to the same conclusions but the source material usedletterswritten by (mainly) workers- makes it possible to take the analysis a bit further, insome respects.
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Edenvärn, Lovisa. "Genus i det förflutna : Framställningen av genus i samtidsfilmer om det svenska 1960- och 1970-talet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för film och litteratur (IFL), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-100455.
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I denna uppsats analyseras det hur genus representeras och framställs i de tre svenskproducerade filmerna Call Girl (Mikael Marcimain, 2012), Monica Z (Per Fly, 2013) och Svinalängorna (Pernilla August, 2010). Filmerna kommer från en självständig katalog som visar upp en mångfald av filmer och tv-serier som gjorts inom det senaste decenniet där samtliga präglats av ett historiskt återblickande av det svenska 1960-och 1970-talet. Den historiska perioden var en omvälvande tid för kvinnorörelsen som ledde till stora förändringar som vidare har påverkat vår samtid. Studiens övergripande syfte undersöker hur historieförmedlingen och representationen av genus framställs i filmerna. Med stöd av det teoretiska ramverket förs resonemang fram om att kvinnorepresentationen uppvisar ett individualiserat porträtt av kvinnor, som på grund av deras samhällsposition söker förebilder och stöd i deras yttre och inre genusrelationer. Intersektionalitet används som perspektiv för att påvisa hur samverkande maktordningar förekommer i representationen. I den historiska porträtteringen ges ett kritiskt granskande av kvinnornas levnadsvillkor tillsammans med budskap som menar till att stärka och stödja kvinnor. Filmerna kan ses som samtida källor då det historiska återblickandet består av föreställningar och värderingar som återfinns i vår samtid.
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Menon, Kalapurakkal Sunil. "Exposure of children to deet and other topically applied insect repellents." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2535.
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Thesis (M.P.H) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Public and Community Health. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Duarte, Felipe Marinho. "Mercado financeiro e crédito público: acumulação endógena e financiamento da infraestrutura urbana de Juiz de Fora (1870-1900)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2396.
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Previous issue date: 2013-06-09<br>A presente dissertação de mestrado se coloca como mais uma contribuição para o
entendimento da História de Juiz de Fora, especialmente sobre os aspectos financeiros
que tocam a administração pública local. O recorte temporal arbitrariamente escolhido
entre os anos de 1850 a 1930 compreende um período de significativas mudanças das
estruturas sociais, econômicas, politicas e culturais. A efervescência de diversos
fenômenos econômicos em âmbito local motivou nosso interesse por este momento da
história que se desdobra consolidação de uma nova estrutura social. Num primeiro
ponto tentamos sistematizar a produção historiográfica existente sobre a cidade de Juiz
de Fora. Para isso, foram analisados diversos textos, artigos, dissertações, teses, livros,
entre outros fragmentos da história local produzidos por inúmeras pessoas e instituições.
Posteriormente, conduzimos nossas discussões à percepção da região como elemento
analítico a partir da sua própria História Econômica, onde foi mensurada a importância
da participação da Zona da Mata no comércio mundial através da produção cafeeira,
esta atividade agroexportadora deu uma nova dinâmica à economia regional. Por último,
e não mesmo importante, discorremos sobre a concentração do capital agrário no centro
urbano de referência regional (Juiz de Fora) onde analisamos as emissões de títulos da
dívida pública municipal sobre dois aspectos: o primeiro como forma de diversificação
de investimentos particulares e o outro como mecanismo financeiro utilizado pelo poder
público local a fim de levantar recursos extraordinários.<br>This dissertation stands as a further contribution to the understanding of the
history of Juiz de Fora, especially on the financial aspects that touch the local public
administration. The time frame chosen arbitrarily between the years 1850-1930
understand a period of significant changes in social structures, economic, political and
cultural. The effervescence of various economic phenomena locally motivated our
interest in this moment of history that unfolds consolidation of a new social structure.
On the first point we try to systematize the existing historiographical production about
the city of Juiz de Fora. For this, we analyzed various texts, articles, dissertations,
theses, books, and other fragments of local history produced by numerous people and
institutions. Subsequently, we conduct our discussions to the perception of the region as
an analytical element from its own Economic History, where it was measured the
importance of participation in the Zona da Mata in world trade from coffee production,
this activity agroexport gave a new dynamically to regional economy. Finally, and not
even important discourse about the concentration of agrarian capital in the inner city of
regional reference (Juiz de Fora) where we analyzed the emissions of Debt Securities
city on two aspects: the first as a way to diversify investments and individuals as other
financial mechanism used by local authorities to raise extra resources.
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Andersson, Therése. "Beauty Box : filmstjärnor och skönhetskultur i det tidiga 1900-talets Sverige /." Stockholm : Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis : Almqvist & Wiksell International [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1308.
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Hermansson, Camilla. "Det återvunna folkhemmet : om tevejournalistik och miljöpolitik i Sverige 1987-1998 /." Linköping : Teknik och social förändring, Tema, Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/arts252s.pdf.
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Lundstedt, Patrik. "En storm i ett snapsglas : Slutstriden om det lokala vetot 1917." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21194.
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Min B-uppsats, motsvarande 7,5 högskolepoäng, har titeln En storm i ett snapsglas – Slutstriden om det lokala vetot 1917 och har till syfte att, med hjälp av statsvetenskaplig rationalistisk (spel)teori, analysera 1917 års stora alkoholförsäljningsdebatt i andra kammaren, vilken ägde rum den 2 och 9 maj detta år. Som bakgrund till denna studie redogörs först för hur de svenska nykterhetsrörelserna, genom förbudskongresserna och Sveriges nykterhets-sällskaps representantförsamling, förenade sig till en mycket kraftfull folkrörelse kring 1900-talets början. Även om den samlade nykterhetsrörelsen redan från början kunde dra nytta av 1855 års försäljningsförordning, vilken gav kommunerna rätt att bilda systembolag med monopol på brännvinsförsäljningen, ville de radikala nykteristerna gå ett steg längre och lagstiftningsvägen genomdriva ett allmänt rusdrycksförbud via det lokala vetot. Tanken med det lokala vetot var att varje svensk kommun skulle få genomföra egna allmänna folk-omröstningar, om ett lokalt/kommunalt alkoholförsäljningsförbud. Efter rösträttsreformen 1907/09 och "det stora nykterhetsvalet 1911" kom nykteristerna att dominera riksdagens andra kammare, vilket ledde till att ministären under Karl Staaf tillsatte en nykterhetskommitté. Denna fick till uppgift att arbeta fram lagförslag rörande det lokala vetot och riksomfattande alkoholförsäljningsreformer. Nykterhetskommitténs betänkande lades fram 1914 och gav upphov till; dels en splittring mellan de moderata nykterhetsvänner-na med Ivan Bratt i spetsen och de radikala absolutisterna, dels en låsning mellan riksdagens bägge kamrar angående förslag till rusdryckslagstiftning. Med en metod hämtad från den rationalistiska (spel)teorin, analyserar jag hur striden om rusdryckslagstiftningen och det lokala vetot slutligen avgjordes i riksdagens andra kammare den 2 och 9 maj 1917. Jag kommer fram till att de konservativa i riksdagens första kammare samt andra kammarens moderata nykterhetsvänner vann denna strid, på bekostnad av andra kammarens radikala nykterhetsvänner. Första kammarens konservativa var emellertid stridens stora vinnare, då de mycket skickligt använde sig av strategin kohandel. Genom att initiera en kohandel med andra kammarens moderata nykterhetsvänner, lyckades de konservativa i första kammaren "oskadliggöra" det lokala vetot och därmed också rösträttsdimensionen av nykter-hetsfrågan.<br><p>Godkännandedatum 2014-01-22</p>
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Lagerqvist, Hanna. ""Förtroende till det läsande folket!" : Folkbiblioteket och folkbildningen under sekelskiftet 1900." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-253839.
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The purpous of this master’s thesis is to explore how the swedish public library evolved between 1890-1911, before the state implemented the library reform in 1912. The material used to cunduct the study concists mainly of texts published during the time frame of the thesis in the form of books, booklets and articles from Folkbiblioteksbladet, a journal dedicated to the subject of the swedish public library. Drawing upon Habermas theory of the structural transformation of the public sphere and Bourdieus theories about taste as social distinction and symbolic capital, the thesis seeks to show how the public participated in the evolvement of the public library and which aspects of society that contributed to the public library’s establishment as an institution. The findings are also discussed in relation to previous research of the history of the Swedish public library. In summary, the study shows that the public library evolved as part of a larger aim to educate the masses with help from what was seen as ”good” litterature. It also shows that even though the higher classes decided the premisses for public education and the public library, some of the ideas were shared by the working class despite their different political goals.
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Sjöblom, Alf. "Trygghet som handelsvara : Privat folkförsäkring i det framväxande välfärdssamhället 1900–1950." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-129069.
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Industrial Life Insurance (ILI) was introduced in Sweden in the beginning of the 1900s. Following models already used in the United Kingdom and the United States, this insurance was specifically aimed at manual labourers, promising pension savings and compensation to surviving relatives. The insurance was an immediate success, with almost three million insurance policies in force by the mid-1900s. ILI was characterised by extensive and carefully monitored marketing practices. By managing an army of agents, the companies sold policies and collected premiums on a regular basis in the homes of the insured. The purpose of the dissertation is to analyse the development of a commercial business with social policy aspirations, and how it interacted with other social security institutions. How could ILI thrive in the emerging Swedish welfare state that, according to existing research, allowed little space for market-based welfare alternatives? The dissertation also seeks to contribute to a broader understanding of the contemporary “welfare market” in Sweden today. From a perspective of welfare formation as a social process, the emergence and expansion of ILI is interpreted as a phenomenon that has shaped, and been shaped by, the social policy arena. The insurance industry’s capacity to adapt to the changing ambitions of the state in this arena is emphasised. Furthermore, its leading representatives’ ability to continuously locate the role of life insurance in the shifting landscape of social policy is underlined. By locating welfare in separate but complementary public and private spheres, the industry contributed to the shaping of the compulsory pension scheme introduced in 1913 and the overall regulation of insurance in the mid-twentieth century. The social security of Swedish citizens was now to be ensured according to the vision of complementary spheres that the insurance industry had advocated for almost fifty years. The insurance companies’ commercial activities are analysed as a form of governmentality, where the agency system is scrutinized as an interventionist practice that created a long lasting relationship between the companies and the working classes. The dissertation shows how the industrialists’ role as “insurance experts” was used to influence public policies. As public figures and experts on various committees, representatives of the industry advocated a welfare formation that left ample space for their own business interests. The scientisation of security was also essential in creating a product where social aspirations and commercial logics could be united. The success of ILI thus rested on the interaction with the state apparatus. An arena of social policy was established where commercial companies were to be the supplier of all welfare above the level of “meagre basic security”. Through intense marketing measures, commercial actors influenced the perceptions of security and welfare. The process of welfare formation led to the internalisation of commercial ideals about social security that now constitutes an essential dimension of the Swedish welfare state.
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Labidi, Salma. "La question palestinienne dans le debat politique et intellectuel en Israël (1967-2000)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030039.
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Saisir la nature de l’approche israélienne à la question palestinienne et définir les facteurs qui déterminent son évolution, tell est l’objet de notre thèse. L’examen de la question palestinienne à travers le débat politique parlementaire et extra-parlementaire israélien, dans la première partie de notre travail, nous a permit de déceler les fondements idéologiques de l’approche de chaque camp de gauche comme de droite. Par cette analyse nous avons souligné plusieurs caractéristiques propres au système politique israélien telles que l’interférence entre le politique et le religieux ou l’interaction entre le politique et le militaire. Des facteurs déterminants au niveau de la définition de la politique palestinienne d’Israël. Notre approche historique à la question nous a également permis de revenir sur les origines lointaines de la régression politique de la gauche et de la confirmation de la droite dont le contexte de la seconde Intifada n’a fait qu’accélérer le processus. Dans un second temps, la thèse fait porter l’analyse sur le débat intellectuel en Israël. En effet, le consensus israélien autour de la question palestinienne qui a prévalut durant la seconde Intifada et le triomphe des thèses de la droite nous a amené à nous nous interroger sur les forces dites de paix en Israël. Et si nous avons tenté de déceler quelques éléments de réponse à travers le camp de la paix, c’est en analysant le débat intellectuel en particulier de gauche que nous avons cherché une approche alternative à celle de la droite. Nous avons abordé dans un premier temps le débat académique israélien. Une attention particulière a été accordée au post-sionisme dans la mesure où il rompe avec l’approche sioniste officielle. L’examen du champ d’influence de ce courant de pensée nous a permis de mesurer l’apport mais aussi les limites du débat post-sioniste par rapport à la question palestinienne. Notre intérêt dans cette thèse à été également porté sur les réactions de l’intelligentsia pacifiste israélienne dans le contexte de la seconde Intifada. Cet examen nous a permis de pointer les phénomènes de la droitisation et de la radicalisation du milieu intellectuel israélien. Deux phénomènes alarmants et qui ont fait réagir quelques intellectuels critiques, auxquels nous avons consacré le dernier chapitre de notre thèse<br>The objective of our thesis is to analyse the nature of the Israeli approach in the Palestinian question and to define the factors which have determined its evolution. The examination of the Palestinian question through the Israeli parliamentary and extra-parliamentary political debate, in the first part of our thesis, has allowed us to reveal the ideological foundations of the approach of each camp: the right as well as the left. This analysis has highlighted several characteristics of the Israeli political system such as the interaction politics/religion and politics/military which defined the Palestinian policy of Israel. Our historical approach to this question has allowed us to return to the distant origins of the political regression of the left and the progress of the right. The context of the Second Intifada was accelerating this process. In the second part our thesis concerns the analysis the intellectual debate in Israel. The Israeli consensus around the Palestinian question which has prevailed during the Second Intifada and triumph of politically right wing ideas made us question the strength of the peace in Israel. While analyzing the intellectual left debate we looked for an alternative approach to that of the right. At first we approached the Israeli academic debate. Particular attention was granted to the Post-Zionist current witch break with the official Zionist approach. The examination of what influences this current opinion allowed us to measure the contribution but also the limits of the Post-Zionism debate with regard to the Palestinian question. In this thesis we are also interested in the reactions of the Israeli pacifist intelligentsia in the context of the Second Intifada. This examination allowed us to highlight the phenomena of the drive to the political right wing and the hardening of Israeli intellectual opinion. These Two alarming phenomena have made some critical intellectuals react and it is to them that we dedicate the last chapter of our thesis
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Dorch, Jenny. "Särskild undervisningsgrupp : Hur fungerar det?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19047.
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Asklund, [Schmidl] Helen. "”… livet var bråddjupt och det kittlade” : En studie om unga kvinnors läspraktiker vid 1900-talets mitt." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17042.
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The object of this master thesis is to study the reading practices offive women as they themselves remember them from theirchildhood and youth in the middle of the 20th century. The study inparticular targets the respondents’ reading in relation to the normsfor girls’ and young women’s reading at the time. The thesis takesas its starting point the presentation of the respondents´ readingmemories, based on motifs, preferences and experiences. Equallyimportant is the presentation of the relationship between thesememories and the social discourse their reading practices were partof. The qualitative interview is the method used to collect theempirical material. Theoretically, the analysis is inspired by theconcept of the history of reading and by the sociology of literature.The analysis shows that the respondents grew up in homes withpartially dissimilar conditions for the forming of reading practices.The differences seem to be linked to social standing, material andeconomic situations, levels of education and geographicallocations. They are mirrored in both access to literature, choice ofbooks, reading environment and in the way the respondents lookupon reading and its importance. Nevertheless, there aresimilarities between the respondents in so far as reading was apleasurable activity, giving them freedom to create their ownseparate worlds. Reading was also a step in the process ofbecoming women. This is reinforced by their mothers´ role inintroducing books and keeping the girls’ reading interest alive.<br>Program: Bibliotekarie
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Borell, Klas. "Disciplinära strategier en historiesociologisk studie av det professionella militärdisciplinära tänkesättet, 1901-1978 /." Uppsala : Stockholm, Sweden : Academia Upsaliensis ; Distributor, Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20491656.html.
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Ininbergs, Peteris. "Det svenska spionaget i Baltikum 1943-1957 : En studie av ett fiasko?" Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Social Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-158.
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<p>During and after World War II Sweden was spying in the occupied Baltic countries which had been occupied, from 1943 by Nazi Germany and from 1944 by the Soviet Union. It began in 1943, with the Germans still occupying the Baltic countries, when Sweden and its intelligence service “C-byrån” recruited volunteers among the Baltic refugees in Sweden and sent them back to the countries they had fled from. Many of the Baltic refugees to Sweden were men aged 25-45 so the Swedish intelligence service had a good recruiting source. This started the first period of intelligence operations in the three Baltic countries. In 1946 Swedish intelligence was reorganized and Thede Palm was appointed head of, what was named, T-kontoret. He ran the T-kontoret until 1965. Palm transformed the intelligence to the situation needed for the Cold War and he expanded co-operation with the British Military Intelligence Service, MI6. This constitutes the second phase of Swedish intelligence operations in the Baltics. The first two years did not produce any exciting results. The reports from T-kontoret contained information mostly about the resistance movements in the three Baltic countries but not much about the military installations. The Swedish Defence Ministry and the Swedish High Commander of the Defence, Helge Jung, developed plans, based on a Soviet Union attack on Sweden, which was believed to be a real threat at that time. Besides, and in spite of Swedish neutrality, Helge Jung was very oriented to the West and often in opposition to parts of the Swedish Government which meant that the Government was not always fully informed about Swedish secret military operations in the Baltics and the Baltic Sea. When the Cold War intensified in 1948, the Swedes planned and carried out the setting-up of agents in the Baltics. This constitutes the third period of the operations. It all happened in co-operation with MI6. What they did not know about was that most of the operations were infiltrated by the Soviet MGB (the name of the Soviet secret police from 1946 to 1953) and therefore doomed to failure. This thesis focuses on the third period and the following questions: i) how did the results from the operations change between period 2 (1946-1948), and period 3 (1948-1953); ii) what was reported; and iii) did Swedish intelligence put the emphasis on special geographical areas and on specific targets? The results from the third period of intelligence operations in the Baltics were much better than before. The reports from the Baltics produced by T-kontoret increased from 10-20 per half-year to an average of 20-40 per half-year. The quality of the reports also improved (based on the scoring of the source and the message given by the Swedish Intelligence Service itself). The targets in the Baltics became more focused and the reports from Latvia followed by Estonia became more frequent than those from Lithuania, a fact that could have been influenced by Soviet immigration policies to the Baltic countries. In Latvia the focus was given to military targets, such as harbours and airports and the port in Liepaja and the airport Spilve outside Riga became top priorities. The thesis is based on documentation from the Swedish War Archives (Krigsarkivet) where access was given to the reports produced by T-kontoret from 1946 until 1953. We know from other sources that in 1957 the Soviet Union handed a protest note to the Swedish Government. The note was of course denied by the Swedes but after that the operations were ended both by the Swedes and the British Military Intelligence Services.</p>
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Östh, Gustafsson Hampus. "Historietänkandets problem : Gunnar Aspelin och historismens kris under det omvälvande 1900-talet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-166703.
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Jørgensen, John Christian. "Det danske anmelderis historie : den litteraere anmeldelses opståen og udvikling 1720-1906 /." [København] : Fisker & Schou, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357400572.
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Larsson, Rikard, and Arwid Lund. "Upphovsrätten i det generella intellektets era." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19107.
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This text examines the ideological positions, as they appear in texts of central importance, of four Swedish protagonists – Antipiratbyrån, Konstnärliga och litterära yrkesutövares samarbetsnämnd, Creative Commons i Sverige and Piratbyrån – in copyright issues. The critical analysis is focusing on three themes – economy, culture and civic rights and responsibilities – and poses the questions of how the ideology of the protagonists relates to the changing processes between culture and economy in the society of today, and which interest of classes, understood in Marxist terms, they favour. Before defining the theory and method of the inquiry the authors give their understanding of the changing processes between economy and culture. The current situation is understood in the light of historical materialism and the authors assert that the society has entered the era that Karl Marx gave the name of the general intellect. The annexation of the culture by the capitalistic logic is nevertheless counterbalanced by a production of culture among peers in gifteconomies based on the human playdrive. Ideology is understood as the worldview of an individual or social group that relates to the interests that their social life generates. The ideology has a manifest and a latent part and you can discover these through textanalysis, reading between lines, and by examining the use of naturalisation and universalisation in the text. Finally, the ideologies of the protagonists are compared and put in relation to the contemporary era of the general intellect and the protagonists ideological positions are criticised by the authors.<br>Uppsatsnivå: D
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Scholtz, Magda. "Geskiedenis van die Departement Sielkunde aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 1917 tot 1979." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52864.
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On t.p.: Werkstuk vir die graad van Magister in Lettere en Wysbegeerte (Voorligtingsielkunde)<br>Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this document specific attention was given to the foundation and
development of the Department of Psychology at the University of Stellenbosch
during the period 1917 to 1979. Furthermore, the role that the Department of
Psychology played in the development of psychology in South Africa has been
addressed.
The initial development of the Department of Psychology, important staff
appointments made by the Department as well as contributions made by
individuals was mentioned. The role that the Department played in the
development of Counselling Psychology, the development of the Clinical- and
Counselling Psychology courses, the approval of these courses and the
registration of psychologists are discussed. The services rendered by the
Department of Psychology, as well as research that have been done and the
role that the Department played in the South African context is also included in
this study.
The findings entailed that the Department had an important influence in the
development of psychology. The Department of Psychology at the University of
Stellenbosch is the oldest psychology department in South Africa. A strong
scientific and experimental approach was established in the Department.
Fundamental laboratory work formed the basis for a variety of internationally
acknowledged research studies and publications. The Department followed a
preventative approach in the training of professional psychologists. The first
grade course for the training of counselling psychologists in South Africa was
instituted at the Department. The Department also played a leading role in the
establishment of the University of Stellenbosch Bureau for Student Counselling.
The Department was often criticised for not being involved in socio-political
matters in the country during the apartheid era and that the research done by
the department was focused on sustaining the apartheid ideology.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie werkstuk word die totstandkoming en groei van die Departement
Sielkunde aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch tussen 1917 en 1979 sowel as
die rol wat die departement in die ontwikkeling van sielkunde in Suid-Afrika
gespeel het, bespreek.
Die totstandkoming van die Departement Sielkunde, belangrike personeel
aanstellings wat gemaak is en die belangrikste bydraes wat gelewer is, word
bespreek. Daar word ook aandag geskenk aan die rol wat die Departement in
die ontwikkeling van Voorligtingsielkunde gespeel het, die ontwikkeling van die
Kliniese- en Voorligtingsielkunde kursusse, die goedkeuring van dié kursusse
en registrasie van sielkundiges. Verder word gekyk na dienste wat deur die
Departement Sielkunde gelewer is, navorsingswerk wat gedoen is asook die
Departement se rol en betrokkenheid in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks.
Daar word bevind dat die Departement 'n uiters belangrike rol in die
ontwikkeling van sielkunde gespeel het. Die Departement Sielkunde aan die
Universiteit van Stellenbosch is die oudste sielkunde departement in Suid-
Afrika. 'n Sterk wetenskaplike en eksperimentele inslag is van die begin af in
die Departement gevestig. Fundamentele laboratoriumwerk wat gedoen is, het
tot verskeie internasionaal erkende navorsingsaktiwiteite en publikasies gelei.
In die opleiding van professionele sielkundiges is 'n voorkomende benadering
deur die Departement gevolg. Die eerste graadkursus vir die opleiding van
voorligtingsielkundiges in Suid-Afrika is gevolglik ook by die Departement
ingestel. Die Departement het verder 'n leidende rol gespeel in die vestiging
van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch se Buro vir Studentevoorligting. Dit word
egter ten laste van die Departement gelê dat die Departement 'n mate van
onbetrokkenheid by die sosio-politiese strominge in die land gehad het en deur
sy vroeë navorsing bygedra het tot die grondlegging van die
apartheidsideologie.
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Kaveh, Shamal. "Det villkorade tillståndet : Centralförbundet för Socialt Arbete och liberal politisk rationalitet 1901–1921." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of History of Science and Ideas, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6845.
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<p>This is a dissertation about Swedish liberalism as a political rationality and, more specifically, the conditions that made the transition from an exclusionary society to an inclusive one possible at the beginning of the 20th century. I have made a case study of National Association of Social Work (Centralförbundet för Socialt Arbete, CSA), an association that played a significant role in the institutionalization of social politics in Sweden. The objectives are threefold. Firstly, to analyze CSA as a liberal political rationality. Secondly, to analyze its political ontology. Thirdly, to examine its motives for defending an including society.</p><p>One of the main arguments in this dissertation is that the political rationality of CSA is characterized by a form of government that works in and through society, as well as through freedom. By using the concept of ”the state of suspension” I try to capture and analyze the ontological ambiguity of the individual in liberal thought; an ambiguity expressed in biopolitical categorizations of the population according to perceived capacities for rational thought. The inclusion of the excluded part, which I describe through the notion of “the social”, was possible due to a new political ontology, which considered the individual as being a product of social circumstances, and as someone possible to shape and govern in and through society. </p><p>I argue that the political struggle of the excluded not only served to revise the political ontology of CSA, but also provided the rationale for the efforts to create an including society with universal suffrage. CSA did not regard citizenship as a right, but as a political technology and as a solution. Furthermore, I argue that citizenship shouldn’t be seen as a prerequisite for the politization of the excluded. On the contrary, this part of the population was already, at least partially, politicized and they became political subjects through their participation in the struggle for political rights.</p>
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Hedemark, Åse. "Det föreställda folkbiblioteket : En diskursanalytisk studie av biblioteksdebatter i svenska medier 1970-2006." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-99897.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyze debates and discourses about the public library in Swedish media from the 1970s up to and including 2006. The empirical material is derived from TV, radio and the daily press and by using discourse theory and methodology a number of debates are problematized. The result of the analysis showed similarities but also differences between dominant discourses during different decades. One discourse, termed the book discourse, recurs during all the decades of the study. The book discourse is primarily associated with concepts such as printed books, good quality fiction and popular education. The 1970s is dominated by a discourse called the community centre discourse. It called for public libraries to become community centers for various kinds of cultural and political activities. The information mediation discourse appeared first in the 1980s and was present during the 1990s and the following decade. This discourse argues that public libraries should prioritize new technology and engage primarily in mediating information, irrespective of the format in which it is presented. The analysis as a whole also revealed that authors often had a prominent position in and exerted substantial influence over the content of the debates. Librarians, however, did not participate to any great extent in the debates. In the conclusion I argue that there are important aspects of the public library that does not appear in the material. The role of the library as a meeting place is one such absent theme. Another is the importance of the library to ensure integration. I argue that this invisibility is a result of the book discourse dominating the debate. If the public image of the library is defined from the viewpoint of the book discourse, the result can well be that the institution is equated with a specific media format - printed books. Because of significant changes in media consumption and the ongoing digitization of information, this focus could in the long run mean that the library risks loss of legitimacy. Describing the library as a cultural institution, as a community centre or as an information centre depends on different discourses that aim to further different wills and interests. By highlighting the political, professional and institutional interests articulated in dominant discourses on the public library in Swedish media during a period of almost 40 years, this study suggests that the media debates must be widened and opened up for more actors.
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Lind, Christoffer. "Det rikstäckande dagstidningsspråket : En kvantitativ analys av morgon- och kvällstidningsspråk 1997 och 2017." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35652.
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Denna uppsats har som syfte att från två perspektiv identifiera skillnader mellan Sveriges fyra största rikstäckande dagstidningar. Synkront jämförs morgontidningar med kvällstidningar och diakront jämförs 2017 med 1997. Materialet består av respektive tidnings första två eller tre sidormed inrikesnyheter från ett datum per undersökt år. Primärt har läsbarhet och textuell struktur i huvudartikeln från varje tidning undersökts, samt disponering av ytan på alla de valda sidorna uppmätts. Resultatet visade, i enlighet med tidigare studier, att språket i morgontidningar var mer komplext än i kvällstidningar 1997, men att de närmat sig varandra 2017. Förhållandet mellan substantiv och verb visar på en uppdelning mellan morgon- och kvällstidningar med få ändringar över tid. Vaken antalet vänstertunga meningar eller det genomsnittliga antalet ord per meningvisade på någon tydlig trend upp eller ned. Antalet ord per rubrik hade från 1997 till 2017 i genomsnitt ökat med 1,2 ord per rubrik vilket kan tyda på att 2010-talets läsare i större utsträckning än tidigare förlitar sig på att rubrikerna förmedlar tillräcklig information. Vidare visar undersökningen att andelen artikeltext har ökat i förhållande till bilder och reklam, där bilderna tar ungefär lika mycket plats och reklam minskar. Detta kan tyda på att dagstidningarna idag i högre grad förlitar sig på annonsintäkter från internet, eller ökar andelen helsidesannonser, jämfört med tidigare.
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Larsson, Johanna. "Vad ordet läsning betyder och hur det används i svensk dagspress 1900-2016." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-146266.
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Ordet läsning har och har haft olika betydelser. Studien undersöker hur ordet läsning varierats i svensk dagspress mellan år 1900–2016. Sammantaget identifieras 60–70 variationer av ordet. I studien undersöks även om det finns förändringar när dessa ordvariationer används. I studien kombineras två ämnesfält. Det är ämnesfältet läsning och dess historia och ämnesfältet språk och dess utveckling. Detta område undersöks ur ett biblioteks- och informationsvetenskapligt perspektiv, utifrån en teoribildning som beskriver en intensiv läsning, en extensiv läsning, en funktionell läsning, en informativ läsning och en digital läsning. Materialet till studien består av söksträngar insamlade från Kungliga bibliotekets dagspressarkiv. Dessa korta texter granskas med en metodkombination av verktyg från Informationsvetenskap och Systemisk funktionell textanalys. Resultatet visar att ord som relaterar till en intensiv läsning minskar i användning mellan år 1900–1930. Under samma tid ökar användningen av ord som beskriver ett tyst extensiv läsande. Analys av ord och ordstruktur lyfter betydelsen av det kollektiva läsandet. I början av seklet används ord som högläsning, uppläsning och föreläsning relaterade till folkrörelserna. År 1925, då radion får sitt genombrott, ökar användningen av ordet uppläsning. Under samma tid används ett ord som beskriver ett tydligt tal. Det är ordet välläsning. I söksträngarna återfinns en koppling mellan ordet välläsning och frasen dialekt borttagning. Ett tydligt läsuttal diskuteras under en tid då ett kollektivt läsande omskrivs, men en analys av hur ordet används pekar även på att det finns underliggande spänningar mellan dialekter och riksspråk. Under 1960-tal identifieras ett skifte där ord som beskriver en teoretiskt informativ läsning tar över efter ord som beskrivit en praktisk instruktiv läsning.
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Kaveh, Shamal. "Det villkorade tillståndet : Centralförbundet för socialt arbete och liberal politisk rationalitet 1901-1921 /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Uppsala universitetsbibliotek [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6845.
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