Journal articles: 'Debonding detection'

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Zima, Beata. "Guided Wave Propagation in Detection of Partial Circumferential Debonding in Concrete Structures." Sensors 19, no. 9 (May 13, 2019): 2199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092199.

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The following article presents results of investigating the damage detection in reinforced concrete beams with artificially introduced debonding between the rod and cover, using a non-destructive method based on elastic waves propagation. The primary aim of the research was to analyze the possible use of guided waves in partial circumferential debonding detection. Guided waves were excited and registered in reinforced concrete specimens with varying extents of debonding damage by piezoelectric sensors attached at both ends of the beams. Experimental results in the form of time–domain signals registered for variable extent of debonding were compared, and the relationships relating to the damage size and time of flight and average wave velocity were proposed. The experimental results were compared with theoretical predictions based on dispersion curves traced for the free rod of circular cross-section and rectangular reinforced concrete cross-section. The high agreement of theoretical and experimental data proved that the proposed method, taking advantage of average wave velocity, can be efficiently used for assessing debonding size in reinforced concrete structures. It was shown that the development of damage size in circumferential direction has a completely different impact on wave velocity than development of debonding length. The article contains a continuation of work previously conducted on the detection of delamination in concrete structures. The proposed relationship is the next essential step for developing a diagnostics method for detecting debondings of any size and orientation.

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Liu, Shukui, Wei Sun, Hongwen Jing, and Zhaoxing Dong. "Debonding Detection and Monitoring for CFRP Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Pizeoceramic Sensors." Materials 12, no. 13 (July 4, 2019): 2150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12132150.

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The bonding status between Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and concrete is one of the key issues for the safety of CFPR-reinforced structures, thus it is of great importance to detect the debonding as early as possible. Instead of detecting the debonding which is artificially set at the very beginning, this paper investigates the feasibility of using low-cost piezoceramic sensors to detect and monitor the debonding of CFRP-reinforced concrete beams in situ. For existing debonding detection, a concrete beam reinforced with CFRP sheet was loaded through the three-point bending test till failure to induce debonding between CFRP sheet and the concrete substrate, and piezoceramic sensors were used to detect the existing debonding by analyzing the receiving ultrasonic waves. In addition, the debonding detection results were further compared with and verified by the vision-based strain testing results. For in-situ debonding monitoring, 10 piezoceramic sensors were used as an array to track the wave transmission changes during the loading process of a CFRP-reinforced concrete beam, and the debonding development process was successfully monitored. The test results show that the low-cost piezoceramic sensors are very effective to generate and receive ultrasonic waves, and are capable of detecting the existing debonding and monitoring of the in-situ debonding process as well.

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Ng, Ching Tai, and Martin Veidt. "Prediction and Measurement of Lamb Wave from Debondings at Structural Features in Composite Laminates." Key Engineering Materials 558 (June 2013): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.558.139.

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The interaction of the fundamental anti-symmetric Lamb wave (A0) with debondings at structural features is investigated using experimental data and finite element (FE) simulations. In this study explicit three-dimensional (3D) FE simulations are employed, which allows the study of the scattered wave along different propagation directions. Good agreement between the FE predictions and the measurements are obtained that demonstrates that the 3D FE scattering model is able to accurately predict the Lamb wave scattering characteristics at debondings. The study show that the characteristics of Lamb wave reflected from the debondings at the structure feature is much more complicated than that from defects in flat composite laminates. Parameter studies show that the backward and forward scattering coefficient of Lamb wave is a function of debonding size to wavelength ratio and debonding location. This shows the potential of employing Lamb wave to identify the size and monitor the growth of the debondings. The findings of the study provide improved physical insights into the scattering phenomena, which are important to further advance damage detection techniques for complex structures made by composite laminates.

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Sorrentino, Assunta, Fulvio Romano, and Angelo De Fenza. "Advanced debonding detection technique for aerospace composite structures." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 93, no. 6 (July 19, 2021): 1011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-10-2020-0222.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a methodology aimed to detect debonding induced by low impacts energies in typical aeronautical structures. The methodology is based on high frequency sensors/actuators system simulation and the application of elliptical triangulation (ET) and probability ellipse (PE) methods as damage detector. Numerical and experimental results on small-scale stiffened panels made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic material are discussed. Design/methodology/approach The damage detection methodology is based on high frequency sensors/actuators piezoceramics system enabling the ET and the PE methods. The approach is based on ultrasonic guided waves propagation measurement and simulation within the structure and perturbations induced by debonding or impact damage that affect the signal characteristics. Findings The work is focused on debonding detection via test and simulations and calculation of damage indexes (DIs). The ET and PE methodologies have demonstrated the link between the DIs and debonding enabling the identification of position and growth of the damage. Originality/value The debonding between two structural elements caused in manufacturing or in-service is very difficult to detect, especially when the components are in low accessibility areas. This criticality, together with the uncertainty of long-term adhesive performance and the inability to continuously assess the debonding condition, induces the aircrafts’ manufacturers to pursuit ultraconservative design approach, with in turn an increment in final weight of these parts. The aim of this research’s activity is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and the robustness of the structural health monitoring system to detect debonding in a typical aeronautical structural joint.

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Yu, Lingyu, Zhenhua Tian, Xiaopeng Li, Rui Zhu, and Guoliang Huang. "Core–skin debonding detection in honeycomb sandwich structures through guided wave wavefield analysis." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 9 (February 27, 2018): 1306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18758180.

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Ultrasonic guided waves have proven to be an effective and efficient method for damage detection and quantification in various plate-like structures. In honeycomb sandwich structures, wave propagation and interaction with typical defects such as hidden debonding damage are complicated; hence, the detection of defects using guided waves remains a challenging problem. The work presented in this article investigates the interaction of low-frequency guided waves with core–skin debonding damage in aluminum core honeycomb sandwich structures using finite element simulations. Due to debonding damage, the waves propagating in the debonded skin panel change to fundamental antisymmetric Lamb waves with different wavenumber values. Exploiting this mechanism, experimental inspection using a non-contact laser Doppler vibrometer was performed to acquire wavefield data from pristine and debonded structures. The data were then processed and analyzed with two wavefield data–based imaging approaches, the filter reconstruction imaging and the spatial wavenumber imaging. Both approaches can clearly indicate the presence, location, and size of the debonding in the structures, thus proving to be effective methods for debonding detection and quantification for honeycomb sandwich structures.

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Yan, Banfu, Qiqi Zou, You Dong, and Xudong Shao. "Application of PZT Technology and Clustering Algorithm for Debonding Detection of Steel-UHPC Composite Slabs." Sensors 18, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 2953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092953.

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A lightweight composite bridge deck system composed of steel orthotropic deck stiffened with thin Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) layer has been proposed to eliminate fatigue cracks in orthotropic steel decks. The debonding between steel deck and UHPC layer may be introduced during construction and operation phases, which could cause adverse consequences, such as crack-induced water invasion and distinct reduction of the shear resistance. The piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based technologies are used to detect interfacial debonding defects between the steel deck and the UHPC layer. Both impedance analysis and wave propagation method are employed to extract debonding features of the steel-UHPC composite slab with debonding defect in different sizes and thicknesses. Experimental tests are performed on two steel-UHPC composite slabs and a conventional steel-concrete composite deck. Additionally, an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-k-means clustering algorithm is adopted to obtain debonding patterns based on the feature data set. The laboratory tests demonstrate that the proposed approach provides an effective way to detect interfacial debonding of steel-UHPC composite deck.

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Chen, Hongbing, Bin Xu, Jiang Wang, Lele Luan, Tianmin Zhou, Xin Nie, and Yi-Lung Mo. "Interfacial Debonding Detection for Rectangular CFST Using the MASW Method and Its Physical Mechanism Analysis at the Meso-Level." Sensors 19, no. 12 (June 20, 2019): 2778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19122778.

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In this study, the transient multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) is proposed to detect the existence, the location and the length of interface debonding defects in rectangular concrete-filled steel tubes (CFST). Mesoscale numerical analysis is performed to validate the feasibility of MASW-based interfacial debonding detection. Research findings indicate that the coaxial characteristics in the Rayleigh wave disperse at the starting point of the debonding area and gradually restores at the end of the defect. For healthy specimens, the surface wave mode in CFST is closer to the Rayleigh wave. However, it can be treated as a Lamb wave since the steel plate is boundary-free on both sides in the debonding area. The displacement curves are further investigated with forward analysis to obtain the dispersion curves. The mesoscale numerical simulation results indicate that the propagation characteristic of the surface wave is dominated by the debonding defect. The detectability of interfacial debonding detection for rectangular CFST using the MASW approach is numerically verified in this study. The proposed MASW-based nondestructive testing technique can achieve bond-slip detection by comparing the variation trend of the coaxial characteristics in the time-history output signals and the dispersion curves obtained from the forward analysis, for avoiding misjudgment of the experimental observations.

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Tang, Qingju, Shuaishuai Gao, Yongjie Liu, Yumei Lu, and Peng Xu. "Experimental research on YSZ TBC structure debonding defect detection using long-pulsed excitation of infrared thermal wave non-destructive testing." Thermal Science 23, no. 3 Part A (2019): 1313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci180513128t.

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Thermal barrier coating structure components are prone to coating cracking, debonding and peeling defects in the service process, which affects the work safety and reliability of the hot end parts, even result to catastrophic consequences. Experimental research on Yttria-stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coating structure debonding defect detection has been conducted using long-pulsed excitation of infrared wave non-destructive testing technology. Differences between surface temperature signals of sound and defective regions, detection effect comparison of heating and cooling process, detection effect comparison of different defect preparation methods, and impact of inspection parameters on detection effect were studied and discussed. The research conclusions will provide technical guidance to Yttria-stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coating structure debonding defects using long-pulsed excitation of infrared wave non-destructive testing technology

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Mohseni, Hasan, and Ching-Tai Ng. "Rayleigh wave propagation and scattering characteristics at debondings in fibre-reinforced polymer-retrofitted concrete structures." Structural Health Monitoring 18, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921718754371.

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Structural health monitoring is of paramount importance to ensure safety and serviceability of structures. Among different damage detection techniques, guided wave–based approach has been the subject of intensive research activities. This article investigates the capability of Rayleigh wave for debonding detection in fibre-reinforced polymer-retrofitted concrete structures through studying wave scattering phenomenon at debonding between fibre-reinforced polymer and concrete. A three-dimensional finite element model is presented to simulate Rayleigh wave propagation and scattering at the debonding. Numerical simulations of Rayleigh wave propagation are validated with analytical solutions. Absorbing layers by increasing damping is employed in the fibre-reinforced polymer-retrofitted concrete numerical model to maximise computational efficiency in the scattering study. Experimental measurements are also carried out using a three-dimensional laser Doppler vibrometer to validate the three-dimensional finite element model. Very good agreement is observed between the numerical and experimental results. The experimentally and analytically validated finite element model is then used in numerical case studies to investigate the wave scattering characteristic at the debonding. The study investigates the directivity patterns of scattered Rayleigh waves, in both backward and forward directions, with respect to different debonding size-to-wavelength ratios. This study also investigates the suitability of using bonded mass to simulate debonding in the fibre-reinforced polymer-retrofitted concrete structures. By enhancing physical understanding of Rayleigh wave scattering at the debonding between fibre-reinforced polymer/concrete interfaces, this study can lead to further advance of Rayleigh wave–based damage detection techniques.

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Li, Weijie, Shuli Fan, Siu Chun Michael Ho, Jianchao Wu, and Gangbing Song. "Interfacial debonding detection in fiber-reinforced polymer rebar–reinforced concrete using electro-mechanical impedance technique." Structural Health Monitoring 17, no. 3 (May 8, 2017): 461–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921717703053.

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For reinforced concrete structures, the use of fiber-reinforced polymer rebars to replace the steel reinforcement is a topic that is receiving increasing attention, especially where corrosion is a serious issue. However, fiber-reinforced polymer rebar–reinforced concrete always carries the risk of structural failure initiated from the debonding damage that might occur at the reinforcement–concrete interface. This study employed an electro-mechanical impedance–based structural health monitoring technique by applying lead–zirconate–titanate ceramic patches to detect the debonding damage of a carbon fiber–reinforced polymer rebar reinforced concrete. In the experimental study, a carbon fiber–reinforced polymer rebar reinforced concrete specimen was fabricated and it was subjected to a pullout test to initiate the debonding damage at the reinforcement–concrete interface. The impedance and admittance signatures were measured from an impedance analyzer according to the different debonding conditions between the reinforcement and the concrete. Statistical damage metrics, root-mean-square deviation and mean absolute percentage deviation, were used to quantify the changes in impedance signatures measured at the lead–zirconate–titanate patches due to debonding conditions. The results illustrated the capability of the electro-mechanical impedance–based structural health monitoring technique for detecting the debonding damage of fiber-reinforced polymer rebar–reinforced concrete structures.

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Wang, Bin, Yongfeng Sun, Yunzhang Li, and Chuan Zhang. "Debonding Damage Detection in CFRP Plate-Strengthened Steel Beam Using Electromechanical Impedance Technique." Sensors 19, no. 10 (May 18, 2019): 2296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19102296.

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Carbon fiber reinforced polymer materials are widely applied in structure strengthened engineering because of the many advantages of carbon fiber reinforced polymer. However, the debonding damage between the carbon fiber reinforced polymer and host structures occurs frequently, which might lead to the brittle failure of structure components, especially flexural ones. In this paper, an electromechanical impedance-based method, an important technique in structural health monitoring, was adopted to detect the debonding damage of carbon fiber reinforced polymer plate-strengthened steel beam by using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducers. A carbon fiber reinforced polymer plate-strengthened steel beam specimen was fabricated in the laboratory and two PZT sensors were attached at different locations on the carbon fiber reinforced polymer plate. The impedance signatures with variation of the different degrees of the debonding damage were measured by an impedance analyzer. The root-mean-square deviation method and the cross-correlation coefficient method were used to quantify the correlation between the electromechanical impedance and the debonding damage degree. The results reflect that an electromechanical impedance-based structural health monitoring technique can serve as a good method to detect the debonding damage of carbon fiber reinforced polymer plate-strengthened steel structures.

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Zhang, Yu Xiang, Yun Zhou, Fu Hou Xu, and Shi Yi Chen. "Debonding Detection of Solid Rocket Motor Based on EMI Technology." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 2117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.2117.

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At present, there is no effective online debonding monitoring method for solid rocket motor. In order to solve the problem, the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) method is introduced into online debonding monitoring for solid rocket motor (SRM). The EMI model of PZT and SRM is developed. The finite element method is employed to analyze the electro-mechanical impedance of the PZT, the conductance curves of PZT are obtained with different damaging phase of SRM, the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) is used to assess the aging level. The result indicates that EMI as a new detection method is effective in identifying the existence and severity of cracks in SRM. As the debonding area increases, the difference of conductance curves becomes more obvious and the RMSD becomes larger.

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Xu, Bin, Lele Luan, Hongbing Chen, Jiang Wang, and Wenting Zheng. "Experimental Study on Active Interface Debonding Detection for Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes with Surface Wave Measurement." Sensors 19, no. 15 (July 24, 2019): 3248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19153248.

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Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) members have been widely employed as major structural members carrying axial or vertical loads and the interface bond condition between steel tube and concrete core plays key roles in ensuring the confinement effect of steel tube on concrete core. An effective interface debonding defect detection approach for CFSTs is critical. In this paper, an active interface debonding detection approach using surface wave measurement with a piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patch as sensor mounted on the outer surface of the CFST member excited with a PZT actuator mounted on the identical surface is proposed in order to avoid embedding PZT-based smart aggregates (SAs) in concrete core. In order to validate the feasibility of the proposed approach and to investigate the effect of interface debonding defect on the surface wave measurement, two rectangular CFST specimens with different degrees of interface debonding defects on three internal surfaces are designed and experimentally studied. Surface stress waves excited by the PZT actuator and propagating along the steel tube of the specimens are measured by the PZT sensors with a pitch and catch pattern. Results show that the surface-mounted PZT sensor measurement is sensitive to the existence of interface debonding defect and the interface debonding defect leads to the increase in the voltage amplitude of surface wave measurement. A damage index defined with the surface wave measurement has a linear relationship with the heights of the interface debonding defects.

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Liu, Yang, Ming Zhang, Xinfeng Yin, Chuang Hei, and Lei Wang. "Interface Debonding Detection of Precast Segmental Concrete Beams (PSCBs) Using Piezoceramic Transducer-Based Active Sensing Approach." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (October 3, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8725021.

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An active sensing approach using piezoceramic induced stress wave is proposed to provide monitoring and early warning for the development of interface debonding damage of precast segmental concrete beams (PSCBs). Three concrete specimens with toothed interfaces were fabricated and bonded with high-strength epoxy resin adhesive to form PSCBs. Smart aggregates (SAs) embedded in concrete specimens are used as actuators and sensors. The PSCBs are subjected to periodic loading with hydraulic jack to test the different degrees of debonding damage. The experimental results of time-domain and frequency-domain analysis clearly show that the amplitude of the signal received by the piezoceramic sensor is reduced when debonding crack occurs. The energy analysis and damage index based on wavelet packet can be used to determine the existence and severity of interface debonding damage in PSCBs. The experimental research validates the feasibility of monitoring the interface debonding damage in PSCBs using SA transducers based on active sensing technique.

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Tang, Qing-Ju, Ling Ran, Ze-Shen Qu, and Chi-Wu Bub. "Defect detection of GFRP laminates by barker codedmodulation excitation infrared thermal imaging." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2023): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci220807002t.

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During the preparation and service of GFRP laminates, due to the influence of manufacturing process, it is easy to produce debonding defect. This paper expounds the basic principle and test process of infrared nondestructive testing, which using the barker code modulation of the thermal wave to identify the GFRP laminate debonding defect. Through the establishment of infrared thermal imaging testing system, this paper studies its detection effect on defects with different diameter, depth and diameter-to-depth ratio, processes the image sequence by using principal component analysis (PCA) and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithms, and finally calculates and compares the processed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The results show that Barker code modulated thermal wave infrared detection can detect the debonding defects of GFRP laminates. Among them, the detection effect of 13-bit Barker coded modulation excitation is better, and the image processed by DFT has better recognition effect.

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Guo, Gaoran, Junfang Wang, Bowen Du, and Yanliang Du. "Application Study on Fiber Optic Monitoring and Identification of CRTS-II-Slab Ballastless Track Debonding on Viaduct." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 6239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136239.

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China Railway Track System (CRTS)-II-slab ballastless track is a new type of track structure, and its interlayer connection state is considerably important for the operation safety and ride comfort of high-speed trains. However, the location and multiple influencing factors of interlayer debonding lead to difficulties in monitoring and identification. Here, the research on the design and application of a monitoring scheme that facilitates interlayer debonding detection of ballastless track and an effective indicator for debonding identification and assessment is proposed. The results show that on-site monitoring can effectively capture the vibration signals caused by train vibration and interlayer debonding. The features of the data acquired in the situations with and without interlayer debonding are compared after instantaneous baseline validation. Some significant features capable of obviously differentiating a debonding state from the normal state are identified. Furthermore, a new indicator, combining multiple debonding-sensitive features by similarity-based weights normalizing the initial difference between mutual instantaneous baselines, is developed to support rational and comprehensive assessment quantitatively. The contribution of this study includes the development and application of an interlay-debonding monitoring scheme, the establishment of an effective-feature pool, and the proposal of the similarity-based indicator, thereby laying a good foundation for debonding identification of ballastless track.

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Vyas, Vidhi, Vedant Jagdish Patil, Ajit Pratap Singh, and Anshuman. "Debonding detection in asphalt pavements using infrared thermography." Transportation Research Procedia 48 (2020): 3850–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.035.

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Clarke, M. P., P. A. Gass, and J. P. Sargent. "Detection of debonding in GRP using evanescent waves." NDT International 18, no. 6 (December 1985): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-9126(85)90165-8.

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Li, Fucai, Hideaki Murayama, Kazuro Kageyama, Guang Meng, Isamu Ohsawa, and Takehiro Shirai. "Debonding detection using a self-calibration sensor network." Smart Materials and Structures 19, no. 6 (April 30, 2010): 065007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/19/6/065007.

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Na, Wongi S., and Jongdae Baek. "Piezoelectric Impedance-Based Non-Destructive Testing Method for Possible Identification of Composite Debonding Depth." Micromachines 10, no. 9 (September 17, 2019): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10090621.

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Detecting the depth and size of debonding in composite structures is essential for assessing structural safety as it can weaken the structure possibly leading to a failure. As composite materials are used in various fields up to date including aircrafts and bridges, inspections are carried out to maintain structural integrity. Although many inspection methods exist for detection damage of composites, most of the techniques require trained experts or a large equipment that can be time consuming. In this study, the possibility of using the piezoelectric material-based non-destructive method known as the electromechanical impedance (EMI) technique is used to identify the depth of debonding damage of glass epoxy laminates. Laminates with various thicknesses were prepared and tested to seek for the possibility of using the EMI technique for identifying the depth of debonding. Results show promising outcome for bringing the EMI technique a step closer for commercialization.

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Wongthongsiri, Supawat, and Sohichi Hirose. "Scattering Analysis and Detection of Layered Plate Debonding Using Guided SH Waves with Boundary Element Method." Shock and Vibration 2022 (July 16, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8799555.

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This paper investigates the scattering behavior of guided shear horizontal (SH) waves in a two-dimensional, isotropic, and linear elastic layered plate with partially debonded interface by analyzing the reflection and transmission coefficients of scattered waves. The partial wave technique is established to form the displacement and stress of guided wave functions, and the boundary element method (BEM) is utilized to handle the numerical calculation with elastodynamic fundamental solutions in the frequency domain. After applying proper boundary conditions including continuity condition on the interface with traction-free debonding, the scattering coefficients can be obtained in terms of boundary element solutions. Two different materials (steel and aluminum) with various debonding lengths and locations in a 1 mm double-layered plate are considered. With several modes of the incident wave over a frequency range up to 4.5 MHz, the variations of scattering coefficients and scattering phenomena are numerically investigated as several parameters such as mode of the incident wave, materials, locations, and length of debonding are changed. The numerical results also suggest the potential of the suitable wave mode for the debonding detection, which can be useful for non-destructive inspection.

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Zhang, Wei, Qi Ke Li, and Zheng Wei Yang. "Numerical Analysis for Thermal Wave NDT of Debonding Defect of Coating on the Matrix of the Composite Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 1357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.1357.

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For the disadvantages of the traditional NDT methods for coating defects, Thermal Wave Nondestructive Testing (TWNDT) technology was used to detect coating debonding defect on composite Materials matrix. Numerical simulation method was used to simulate the heat transfer process of thermal wave in the coating material with defects. The factors influencing the testing sensitivity were in-depth studied, including the debonding defect size and coating thickness. Simulation results show that: TWNDT technology can quickly and efficiently identify the size of the coating debonding defects, while the thickness of the coating is an important factor influencing the inspection sensitivity for the thermal wave detection.

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Bergmayr, Thomas, Christoph Kralovec, and Martin Schagerl. "Vibration-Based Thermal Health Monitoring for Face Layer Debonding Detection in Aerospace Sandwich Structures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010211.

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This paper investigates the potential of a novel vibration-based thermal health monitoring method for continuous and on-board damage detection in fiber reinforced polymer sandwich structures, as typically used in aerospace applications. This novel structural health monitoring method uses the same principles, which are used for vibration-based thermography in combination with the concept of the local defect resonance, as a well known non-destructive testing method (NDT). The use of heavy shakers for applying strong excitation and infrared cameras for observing thermal responses are key hindrances for the application of vibration-based thermography in real-life structures. However, the present study circumvents these limitations by using piezoelectric wafer active sensors as excitation source, which can be permanently bonded on mechanical structures. Additionally, infrared cameras are replaced by surface temperature sensors for observing the thermal responses due to vibrations and damage. This makes continuous and on-board thermal health monitoring possible. The new method is experimentally validated in laboratory experiments by a sandwich structure with face layer debonding as damage scenario. The debonding is realized by introduction of an insert during the manufacturing process of the specimen. The surface temperature sensor results successfully show the temperature increase in the area of the debonding caused by a sinusoidal excitation of the sandwich structure with the PWAS at the first resonance frequency of the damage. This is validated by conventional infrared thermography. These findings demonstrate the potential of the proposed novel thermal health monitoring method for detecting, localizing and estimating sizes of face layer debonding in sandwich structures.

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Bykov, A., I. Shardakov, and A. Shestakov. "Determination of Thermography Modes for Recording Delamination between Composite Material and Reinforced Concrete Structures." Solid State Phenomena 243 (October 2015): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.243.97.

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This paper presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies justifying the possibility of using infrared (IR) thermography for detection of deformation debonding of composite material from a reinforced concrete structure that occurs under operating conditions and develops according to the cohesion scenario. The analysis of the results allowed us to determine the optimal inspection parameters of IR thermography to assure best registration of the presence of fiber composite material debonding from the surface of a concrete structure. It has been found that the most accurate and timely information about debonding in a carbon fiber sheet/epoxy/concrete/delamination/concrete system can be obtained during the cooling stage after pulse heating of the structure surface, since at this stage the magnitude of thermal response to debonding reaches its maximum.

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Tuswan, Tuswan, Achmad Zubaydi, Bambang Piscesa, Abdi Ismail, Rizky Chandra Ariesta, and Aditya Rio Prabowo. "A numerical evaluation on nonlinear dynamic response of sandwich plates with partially rectangular skin/core debonding." Curved and Layered Structures 9, no. 1 (October 18, 2021): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2022-0003.

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Abstract As one of the most dangerous defects in the sandwich panel, debonding could significantly degrade load carrying capacity and affect dynamic behaviour. The present work dealt with debonding detection of the rectangular clamped hybrid sandwich plate by using ABAQUS software. The influence of various damage ratios on the linear and nonlinear dynamic responses has been studied. The finite element model was initially validated by comparing the modal response with the experimental test. Rectangular debonding was detected by comparing dynamic responses of free and forced vibrations between intact and debonded models. A wide range of driving frequency excitation corresponding to transient and harmonic concentrated loads was implemented to highlight nonlinear behaviour in the intermittent contact in the debonded models. The results showed that debonding existence contributed to the natural frequency reduction and modes shape change. The numerical results revealed that debonding affected both the steady-state and impulse responses of the debonded models. Using the obtained responses, it was detected that the contact in the debonded region altered the dynamic global response of the debonded models. The finding provided the potential debonding diagnostic in ship structure using vibration-based structural health monitoring.

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Yilmaz, Bengisu, Abdoulaye Ba, Elena Jasiuniene, Huu-Kien Bui, and Gérard Berthiau. "Evaluation of Bonding Quality with Advanced Nondestructive Testing (NDT) and Data Fusion." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 5127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185127.

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This work aims to compare quantitatively different nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques and data fusion features for the evaluation of adhesive bonding quality. Adhesively bonded composite-epoxy single-lap joints have been investigated with advanced ultrasonic nondestructive testing and induction thermography. Bonded structures with artificial debonding defects in three different case studies have been investigated: debonding with release film inclusion, debonding with brass film-large, debonding with brass film-small. After completing preprocessing of the data for data fusion, the feature matrices, depending on the interface reflection peak-to-peak amplitude and the principal component analysis, have been extracted from ultrasonic and thermography inspection results, respectively. The obtained feature matrices have been used as the source in basic (average, difference, weighted average, Hadamard product) and statistical (Dempster–Shafer rule of combination) data fusion algorithms. The defect detection performances of advanced nondestructive testing techniques, in addition to data fusion algorithms have been evaluated quantitatively by receiver operating characteristics. In conclusion, it is shown that data fusion can increase the detectability of artificial debonding in single-lap joints.

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Deng, Honglei, Zhanfeng He, and Li Chen. "Ultrasonic guided wave-based detection of composite insulator debonding." IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 24, no. 6 (December 2017): 3586–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2017.006665.

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Ciminello, Monica, Antonio Concilio, Bernardino Galasso, and Francesca Maria Pisano. "Skin–stringer debonding detection using distributed dispersion index features." Structural Health Monitoring 17, no. 5 (February 28, 2018): 1245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921718758980.

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Statistical approaches have been extensively used to detect structural damage. This article proposes a preliminary investigation on the use of a non-model-based damage identification method, implementing “dispersion feature” indicators, extracted from the differential strain signal. In detail, the method takes advantage of the elaboration of the full-spectrum acquisition, irrespective of the healthy state of the structure under test. Large variations of some selected statistical features, representative of the acquired signals, are taken as indicators of the presence of anomalous structural condition. At this stage, these features have been arbitrarily selected. In synthesis, a cumulative dispersion index is defined as the combination of the selected feature variations, contemporarily overcoming prescribed thresholds, providing a scalar output that can be used as an index to identify and possibly quantify the extension of a damage location. Experimental results confirm the envisaged potentiality of the proposed technique. In this study, damage in the form of a stringer debonding is referred to, obtained as a consequence of point impacts on a wing box stiffened panel. A distributed fiber optic strain sensor network is used to detect the input data.

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Nassr, AMR A., Wael W. El-Dakhakhni, and Wael H. Ahmed. "Biodegradation and Debonding Detection of Composite-wrapped Wood Structures." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 29, no. 15 (October 29, 2009): 2296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684409347598.

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Shang, Yuke, Xinjun Wang, Ping Li, and Nengjun Yang. "Debonding defect detection of metal and composite bonding structures." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 207 (June 2017): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/207/1/012026.

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dos Reis, João, Carlos Oliveira Costa, and José Sá da Costa. "Strain gauges debonding fault detection for structural health monitoring." Structural Control and Health Monitoring 25, no. 12 (September 28, 2018): e2264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stc.2264.

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Liu, Yang, Ming Zhang, Xinfeng Yin, Zhou Huang, and Lei Wang. "Debonding Detection of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beam with Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) Pre-stressed Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Plates Using Embedded Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates (SAs)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010050.

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The application of reinforced concrete (RC) beam with near-surface mounted (NSM) pre-stressed carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates has been increasingly widespread in civil engineering. However, debonding failure occurs easily in the early loading stage because of the prestress change at the end of CFRP plate. Therefore, it is important to find reliable, convenient and economical technical means to closely monitor the secure bonding between CFRP and concrete. In this paper, an active sensing approach for generating and sensing stress wave by embedded smart aggregates (SAs) is proposed, which provides a guarantee for the secure connection between CFRP and concrete. Two specimens with different non-pre-stressed bond lengths were fabricated in the laboratory. Six SAs were installed at different positions of the structure to monitor the degree of debonding damage during the loading process. The experiments showed that the optimal length of non-pre-stressed CFRP bond section (300 mm) can significantly improve the load characteristics and enhance the service performance of the structure. The theoretical analysis of wavelet packet shows that increasing the length of non-pre-stressed CFRP bond section can slow down the occurrence and propagation of debonding cracks. The debonding crack in the tension end region is earlier than that in the bond end region. The research results reflect that the developed approach can monitor the damage process caused by debonding cracks and provide early warning for the initial damage and the debonding failure.

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Kralovec, Christoph, and Martin Schagerl. "Electro-Mechanical Impedance Measurements as a Possible SHM Method for Sandwich Debonding Detection." Key Engineering Materials 742 (July 2017): 763–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.742.763.

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The present article addresses the evaluation of the electro-mechanical (E/M) impedance method as a Structure Health Monitoring (SHM) method to detect and classify damage, more specific, the debonding of a face layer.In the study the considered structure is simplified as a circular sandwich panel of constant thickness, consisting of isotropic face layers and a honeycomb core.The debonding is assumed to be circular and situated at the center of the panel, only variable in its radius.The article starts with a brief introduction to the basic idea of SHM and the fundamentals of the E/M impedance method.Further, the idealized setting is investigated by two sets of experiments whose results are analyzed by typically used damage metrics and by considering both analytical and numerical models.A coupled-field FEM model is developed and compared to the experimental results.Furthermore, an analytical model is derived to evaluate the experimental and numerical results.All results are presented and discussed extensively on pursuing the objective to detect and classify the size of a debonding.Finally, it is shown how a model based approach can predict the presence but also the size of a debonding in the considered sandwich panels based on the E/M impedance measurements.

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Zapris, Adamantis G., Maria C. Naoum, Violetta K. Kytinou, George M. Sapidis, and Constantin E. Chalioris. "Fiber Reinforced Polymer Debonding Failure Identification Using Smart Materials in Strengthened T-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Beams." Polymers 15, no. 2 (January 5, 2023): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020278.

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The favorable contribution of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (EB-FRP) sheets to the shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams is widely acknowledged. Nonetheless, the premature debonding of EB-FRP materials remains a limitation for widespread on-site application. Once debonding appears, it is highly likely that brittle failure will occur in the strengthened RC structural member; therefore, it is essential to be alerted of the debonding incident immediately and to intervene. This may not be always possible, particularly if the EB-FRP strengthened RC member is located in an inaccessible area for fast inspection, such as bridge piers. The ability to identify debonding immediately via remote control would contribute to the safer application of the technique by eliminating the negative outcomes of debonding. The current investigation involves the detection of EB-FRP sheet debonding using a remotely controlled electromechanical admittance (EMA)-based structural health monitoring (SHM) system that utilizes piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) sensors. An experimental investigation on RC T-beams strengthened for shear with EB-FRP sheets has been performed. The PZT sensors are installed at various locations on the surface of the EB-FRP sheets to evaluate the SHM system’s ability to detect debonding. Additionally, strain gauges were attached on the surface of the EB-FRP sheets near the PZT sensors to monitor the deformation of the FRP and draw useful conclusions through comparison of the results to the wave-based data provided by the PZT sensors. The experimental results indicate that although EB-FRP sheets increase the shear resistance of the RC T-beams, premature failure occurs due to sheet debonding. The applied SHM system can sufficiently identify the debonding in real-time and appears to be feasible for on-site applications.

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Khan, Asif, Hyun Sung Lee, and Heung Soo Kim. "Analysis of sensor-debonding failure in active vibration control of smart composite plate." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 28, no. 18 (February 1, 2017): 2603–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x17692052.

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In this article, the effect of a sensor-debonding failure on the active vibration control of a smart composite plate is investigated numerically. A mathematical model of the smart structure with a partially debonded piezoelectric sensor is developed using an improved layerwise theory, a higher-order electric-potential field that serves as the displacement field, and the potential variation through the piezoelectric patches. A state-space form that is based on the reduced-order model is employed for the controller design. A control strategy with a constant gain and velocity feedback is used to assess the vibration-control characteristics of the controller in the presence of the sensor-debonding failure. The obtained results show that sensor-debonding failure reduces the sensor-output, control-input signal, and active damping in magnitude that successively degrades the vibration attenuation capability of the active vibration controller. The settling time and relative tip displacement of the controlled structure increase with the increasing length of partial debonding between the piezoelectric sensor and host structure. Furthermore, a damage-sensitive feature along with multidimensional scaling showed excellent results for the detection and quantification of sensor-debonding failure in the active vibration control of smart structures.

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Wu, T. T., C. Zhang, H. L. Ji, C. C. Tao, and J. H. Qiu. "A temperature field reconstruction method for debonding defect identification in laminated structures." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2184, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2184/1/012050.

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Abstract The surface temperature is an important parameter capable of detecting and quantifying defects in laminated structures if subjected to a thermal load. In this paper, a temperature field reconstruction method is developed to detect the size of debonding defect in laminated structures. A Tikhonov regularization based conjugate gradient method (CGM) is applied to reconstruct the temperature field of a laminated structure for determination of the size of a debonding defect. Tikhonov regularization deals with the severe ill-posedness and the CGM is used for solving the minimization problem. Some simulation examples are carried out to validate the effectiveness and stability of the inverse analysis. Results show that for small defects, the defect detection results based on temperature field reconstruction have higher accuracy than that detected directly by available surface temperature measurement.

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37

Rhim, Hong C., Sang Kyun Woo, and Young Chul Song. "Detection of Debonding in Concrete Members Retrofitted with FRP Using Electromagnetic and Ultrasonic Methods." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.390.

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Microwave and ultrasonic methods have been used for the detection of debonding between concrete and fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP). To determine the capability of the microwave method in detecting thin delamination between two materials of concrete and FRP, concrete specimens are made with the dimensions of 600 mm (length) x 600 mm (width) x 50 mm (depth). Specimens have artificial delamination of 5 and 10 mm thick Styrofoam, which represent debonding in structures. Then, the specimens are partially covered with 1.5 mm thick FRP on the top of 3 mm thick epoxy. A horn antenna with a center frequency of 15 GHz and a frequency bandwidth of 10 GHz is used for the measurements. By transmitting and receiving microwave signals from the horn antenna, differences have been detected for the different types of the targets. Also, measurements using ultrasonic method at 5 kHz have been made on the same series of specimens. This work is directed toward a development of an effective and practical microwave based non-destructive evaluation methodology for the detection and quantification of damages in FRP-covered reinforced concrete members in bridges and buildings.

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Na, Wongi S., and Ki-Tae Park. "Toward Creating a Portable Impedance-Based Nondestructive Testing Method for Debonding Damage Detection of Composite Structures." Applied Sciences 9, no. 15 (August 5, 2019): 3189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9153189.

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Debonding detection of composite structures is a vital task as such damage weakens the structure leading to a failure. As adhesive bonding is a more preferable choice over the conventional mechanical fastening method, detecting debonding as early as possible could minimize the overall maintenance costs. For this reason, a vast amount of research in the nondestructive testing field is being conducted as we speak. However, most of the methods may require well-trained experts or heavy equipment. In this study, the piezoelectric (PZT) material-based method known as the electromechanical impedance technique is investigated to seek the possibility of making the technique very cheap and portable by temporarily attaching the sensor. Furthermore, ANSYS simulation studies using smaller PZT patches as small as 0.1 mm × 0.1 mm are simulated to investigate the impedance signatures acquired from the simulations. The results show the possibility of using smaller PZT patches compared to the conventional PZT sizes of 10 mm × 10 mm for a successful damage identification process.

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Rucka, Magdalena, Erwin Wojtczak, and Jacek Lachowicz. "Detection of debonding in adhesive joints using Lamb wave propagation." MATEC Web of Conferences 262 (2019): 10012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926210012.

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Adhesively bonded joints are widely used in many branches of industry. Mechanical degradation of this type of connections does not have significant symptoms that can be noticed during visual assessment, so non-destructive testing becomes a very important issue. The paper deals with experimental investigations of adhesively bonded steel plates with different defects. Five samples (an intact one and four with damages in the form of partial debonding) were prepared. The inspection was conducted with the use of guided wave propagation method. Lamb waves were excited at one point of the sample, whereas the out-of-plane velocity signals were recorded in a number of points spread over the area of overlap. The processing of signals consisted of calculations of weighted root mean square (WRMS). The results of the analysis showed that the WRMS maps allow for identification and determination of size and shape of debonding areas.

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Guo, Xufei, Yanwei Yang, and Xingcheng Han. "Classification and Inspection of Debonding Defects in Solid Rocket Motor Shells Using Machine Learning Algorithms." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 1082–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2021.3055.

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Debonding problems along the propellant/liner/insulation interface are a critical factor affecting the integrity of solid rocket motors and one of the major causes of their structural failure. Due to the complexity of interface debonding detection and its low accuracy, a method of wavelet packet transform (WPT) combined with machine learning is proposed. In this research, multi-layer structure specimens were prepared to simulate the structure of a solid rocket motor. First, ultrasonic non-destructive testing technology was used to obtain defect data. Then, WPT algorithm was employed to extract characteristic signals of the defect data. Moreover, k-nearest neighbor model, Random Forest model and support vector machine model were applied to the classification. The results showed that the accuracies of the three models were 84.67%, 90.66% and 95.33%, respectively. Positive results indicate that WPT with machine learning model exhibited excellent classification performance. Therefore, WPT combined with machine learning can achieve a precise classification of debonding defects and has the potential to assist or even automate the debonding inspection process of solid rocket motors.

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Saito, Nozomi, Takashi Yari, Kanehiro Nagai, and Kiyoshi Enomoto. "Development of the Damage Detection Method for CFRP Structures Using Distributed BOCDA Optical Fiber Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 558 (June 2013): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.558.218.

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The Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis (BOCDA) technology is one of the distributed optical sensing technologies utilizing the Brillouin scattering phenomena. The authors are developing, verifying and validating this technology. They are also developing the installation technique of optical fiber sensors, evaluating the durability of the BOCDA system and manufacturing the new device compatible to avionics bays for size. Furthermore, the authors are also improving the monitoring ability for composite damages. This paper reports the developmental status of the BOCDA monitoring ability for composite damages such as debonding at adhesive joints and micro-damages at bolted joints. First, debonding detection tests were conducted using carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) stiffened or repaired panels. In this test, test plates with a sheet stringer or a repair patch were applied tension load, and expanding of debonding areas was monitored by measuring strain distribution changes near these areas. Second, bearing damage detection tests were conducted using CFRP bolted joint specimens. In this test, multi-fastener single-lap CFRP specimens were applied tension load, and occurrences of micro-damages near bolt holes was detected. Micro-damages were detected by monitoring shapes changes of the Brillouin Gain Spectrum, which is one of the BOCDA measurement results.

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42

Pineda Allen, Juan Carlos, and Ching Tai Ng. "Debonding detection at adhesive joints using nonlinear Lamb waves mixing." NDT & E International 125 (January 2022): 102552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2021.102552.

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Song, F., G. L. Huang, and G. K. Hu. "Online Guided Wave-Based Debonding Detection in Honeycomb Sandwich Structures." AIAA Journal 50, no. 2 (February 2012): 284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j050891.

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Mustapha, Samir, Lin Ye, Dong Wang, and Ye Lu. "Debonding Detection in Composite Sandwich Structures Based on Guided Waves." AIAA Journal 50, no. 8 (August 2012): 1697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j051274.

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Zhu, Kaige, Mingji Chen, Qiuhai Lu, Bo Wang, and Daining Fang. "Debonding detection of honeycomb sandwich structures using frequency response functions." Journal of Sound and Vibration 333, no. 21 (October 2014): 5299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2014.05.023.

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Feng, Qizhi, Bin Gao, Peng Lu, W. L. Woo, Yang Yang, Yunchen Fan, Xueshi Qiu, and Liangyong Gu. "Automatic seeded region growing for thermography debonding detection of CFRP." NDT & E International 99 (October 2018): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2018.06.001.

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Vyas, Vidhi, Vedant Jagdish Patil, Ajit Pratap Singh, and Anshuman Srivastava. "Application of infrared thermography for debonding detection in asphalt pavements." Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring 9, no. 3 (May 20, 2019): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13349-019-00337-8.

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Zhu, Kaige, Xinlin P. Qing, and Bin Liu. "Torsional guided wave-based debonding detection in honeycomb sandwich beams." Smart Materials and Structures 25, no. 11 (October 27, 2016): 115048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/11/115048.

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Hamam, Zeina, Nathalie Godin, Claudio Fusco, Aurélien Doitrand, and Thomas Monnier. "Acoustic Emission Signal Due to Fiber Break and Fiber Matrix Debonding in Model Composite: A Computational Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 8406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188406.

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Acoustic emission monitoring is a useful technique to deal with detection and identification of damage in composite materials. Over the last few years, identification of damage through intelligent signal processing was particularly emphasized. Data-driven models are developed to predict the remaining useful lifetime. Finite elements modeling (FEM) was used to simulate AE signals due to fiber break and fiber/matrix debonding in a model carbon fiber composite and thereby better understand the AE signals and physical phenomena. This paper presents a computational analysis of AE waveforms resulting from fiber break and fiber/matrix debonding. The objective of this research was to compare the AE signals from a validated fiber break simulation to the AE signals obtained from fiber/matrix debonding and fiber break obtained in several media and to discuss the capability to detect and identify each source.

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Xu, Yao, Chongcong Tao, and Jinhao Qiu. "Debonding detection of scarf-repaired composite laminates with laser ultrasonic Lamb waves." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2184, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2184/1/012041.

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Abstract In this article, the Lamb wave at low frequency range is chosen to detect the debonding of scarf surface at different depths. The structure of interest is made up of two carbon fiber reinforced laminates with a scarf angle of 5° bonded together by an adhesive film. A 3D finite element model is established to calculate the propagation of Lamb waves with an artificial defect. Based on the wave front of out-of-plane displacement at different timepoint, the debonding area is located when propagating waves convert mode or reduce phase velocity. For validation, experiments are also conducted with wave-visualization technique. Lamb waves are excited by laser ultrasonic system and received by an acoustic emission sensor. The results agree with the simulation ones, which verify that the laser ultrasonic Lamb waves are effective for debond detection on the inclined plane of scarf-repaired composite laminates.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Debonding detection'

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