Journal articles on the topic 'Death Social aspects Victoria'
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Parkinson, Debra, Alyssa Duncan, Jaspreet Kaur, Frank Archer, and Caroline Spencer. "Gendered aspects of long-term disaster resilience in Victoria, Australia." January 2022 10.47389/37, no. 37.1 (January 2022): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47389/37.1.59.
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Research conducted in 2018 documented the disaster experiences of 56 women and men in Australia aged between 18 and 93 years. This paper draws out the gendered factors that affected their resilience, and in so doing, begins to address the dearth of research related to gendered aspects of long-term disaster resilience. It is unique in capturing the voices of survivors who spoke of events 9 years after the 2009 Black Saturday fires and of earlier fires and floods in Victoria more than 50 years ago, including the 1983 Ash Wednesday fires. Over decades, gendered expectations of men and women significantly hindered resilience. Men spoke of the long-term cost to them of demands to ‘be strong’ in the worst of disasters and reasons they were reluctant to seek help afterwards. Women spoke of their contributions holding a lesser value and of discrimination. Discussions of violence against women and children after disaster, and suicide ideation in anticipation of future disasters offered critical insights. Protective factors identified by informants were not wholly intrinsic to their character but were also physical, such as essential resources provided in the immediate aftermath, and psychological and community support offered in the long-term. Factors that helped resilience departed from the ‘masculine’ model of coping post-disaster by moving away from a refusal to admit trauma and suffering, to community-wide resilience bolstered by widespread emotional, social and psychological support. Genuine community planning for disasters before they strike builds trust and offers insights for emergency management planners.
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Repina, Lorina P., and Anastasia K. Shabunina. "TRANSDISCIPLINARITY IN THE STUDY OF SOCIOCULTURAL PRACTICES OF EVERYDAY LIFE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PHENOMENON OF FAMINE IN VICTORIAN ENGLAND)." Ural Historical Journal 76, no. 3 (2022): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2022-3(76)-34-44.
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The study of the role of sociocultural practices in the everyday life of society involves the synthesis of methodological approaches in order to create a transdisciplinary research model. Analysis of various aspects of private life in the context of studying socio-cultural practices requires an analysis of the value categories of the society under study, taking account of worldview interpretations of phenomena by contemporaries, cultural attraction, individual self-identification and psychological perception of ongoing processes. The phenomenon of the Victorian famine is not meant to be studied only as a strictly biological phenomenon. The article interprets hunger as a sociocultural phenomenon, considers the associated fear of social stigmatization. The famine in the early Victorian period acts as a factor in the conceptual context of ongoing social phenomena, influencing the reception of cultural ties within society. The categories of “food”, “hunger” and “starvation death” were everyday companions of the public discourse of the era, reflecting the crisis state of Victorian society. Not only was the famine a factor that increased the potential for conflict, as it was perceived in the middle of the century, but by the end of the 19th century it began to be recognized by the authorities as a consequence of social contradictions and acted as an argument for the introduction and continuation of legislatively supported forms of social compromise. Having reworked the inhumane concept of getting rid of “social surpluses” of the period of popularity of Malthusian philosophy in the Middle Victorian period, the Victorians change the topology of the “hunger” concept in the system of structural and semantic models of social dialogue. The sociocultural phenomenon of famine is transformed in the communicative space of the Victorian era from a marker of condemned poverty into a social problem that unites various social groups.
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Bedikian, Sonia A. "The Death of Mourning: From Victorian Crepe to the Little Black Dress." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 57, no. 1 (August 2008): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.57.1.c.
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Mourning is a natural response to loss. In the late eighteenth century and throughout the nineteenth century, in England and France, the bereaved was expected to follow a complex set of rules, particularly among the upper classes, with women more bound to adhere to these customs than men. Such customs involved wearing heavy, concealing, black costume and the use of black crepe veils. Special black caps and bonnets were worn with these ensembles. Widows were expected to wear these clothes up to four years after their loss to show their grief. Jewelry often made of dark black jet or the hair of the deceased was used. To remove the costume earlier was thought disrespectful to the deceased. Formal mourning culminated during the reign of Queen Victoria. Her prolonged grief over the death of her husband, Prince Albert, had much to do with the practice. During the succeeding Edwardian rule, the fashions began to be more functional and less restrictive, but the dress protocol for men and women, including that for the period of mourning, was still rigidly adhered to. When World War I began, many women joined the workforce. Most widows attempted to maintain the traditional conventions of mourning, but with an increase in the number of casualties, it became impractical for them to interrupt their work in order to observe the seclusion called for by formal mourning etiquette. Never had the code of mourning been less strictly applied than during this period. The mourning outfits of the time were modest and made of practical materials. Little jewelry and few other accessories were used. Certain aspects of traditional mourning were still followed, such as the use of jet beading, crepe trim, and widows' caps. However, the hemlines fell above the ankle, the veil was used to frame the face instead of cover it, and the v-neckline left the chest and neck bare. During the following decades, gradually the rules were relaxed further and it became acceptable for both sexes to dress in dark colors for up to a year after a death in the family.
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Green, Rachael, David Hopkins, and Garry Roach. "Exploring the lived experiences of people on Community Correction Orders in Victoria, Australia: Is the opportunity for rehabilitation being realised?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 53, no. 4 (September 20, 2020): 585–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865820957059.
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The Community Correction Order, introduced in Victoria, Australia in 2012, provides a sentencing option that enables eligible offenders to serve their sanction in the community, with access to treatment or other rehabilitative activities. This paper contributes to a scant body of research investigating the specific needs of this group, their barriers to inclusion and the extent to which they experience the rehabilitative aspects of Community Correction Orders. It draws on survey data collected from 200 adults (137 men and 63 women) on Community Correction Orders in outer west metropolitan Melbourne and qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with a sub-set of 20 participants. Long-term unemployment, severe economic hardship, physical and mental health issues, social isolation and troubled personal relationships were common. While participants experienced the punitive aspects of Community Correction Orders, there was limited evidence that they were supported to address key issues that may be predictive of future offending. Support to re/engage in education, training and employment was a key area of unmet need and engagement in other therapeutic programs was low. Opportunities to enhance the rehabilitative potential of Community Correction Orders are discussed, with the paper highlighting that there is a need for rigorous evaluation of community work program activities.
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Mihailă-Lică, Gabriela. "Education of Children in the Tenant of Wildfell Hall by Anne Bronte." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2020-0097.
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AbstractThe paper analyses the manner in which the education of children was done in the beginning of the 19th century and how this is revealed in the pages of “The Tenant of Wildfell Hall”, the second and also the final novel written by the English writer Anne Bronte, the youngest of the famous Bronte sisters. Despite enjoying enormous success after its publication in 1848, after its author’s death, Charlotte Bronte - Ann’s eldest sister - refused to republish it. She considered it to be too shocking as it dealt with themes like alcoholism, the ability of women to have paying jobs that enabled them to support not only themselves, but also their families, themes that were considered taboo or the “inhibited, polite, orderly, tender-minded, prudish and hypocritical” Victorian society [1]. We focus on the observations as well as on the subtle mentionings and allusions made in the novel with regard to some of the most important aspects of the Victorian Era education: the schooling of children, the differences between the education of boys and that of girls, the educational differences between the social classes.
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Kirkby, Jane, Julianne Moss, and Sally Godinho. "The devil is in the detail: Bourdieu and teachers’ early career learning." International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education 6, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmce-02-2016-0011.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present how the social learning theory of Bourdieu (1990; Bourdieu and Passeron, 1990) can be a valuable tool to investigate mentoring relationships of beginning teachers with their more experienced colleagues. Bourdieu’s work provides a lens to magnify the social exchanges that occur during the mentoring relationship, so that what tends to be hidden in the “logic of practice” (Bourdieu, 1990) is drawn into view. The paper shows how the mentor is ascribed power that enables domination, and how this tends to result in cultural reproduction. A case study is used to identify aspects of social and cultural learning that demonstrate this process. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on a year-long narrative inquiry of beginning secondary teachers’ mentoring experiences in the state of Victoria, Australia. The data were generated through in-depth interviews and participants’ diary entries to answer the research question “What personal, professional knowledge is developed through beginning teachers’ early experiences with induction and mentoring?” Findings The researcher found that attention to minutiae of mentor/mentee interactions can suggest how symbolic violence shapes personal, professional knowledge. Research limitations/implications This small-scale study has some limitations. However, as an illustration of organisational learning, with strong connections to Bourdieu’s theoretical work, it can provide some illuminating insights into how policy can be enacted at the micro-level. In particular, there are implications for how mentor teachers engage in their roles and understand the potential impact of their interactions with beginning teachers. Originality/value This study applies Bourdieu’s framework of cultural reproduction as an analysis tool for a qualitative study of the mentoring of beginning teachers.
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Pinceratto, E. J. "THE MINERVA GAS FIELD EIA—A CASE STUDY OF COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN DECISIONMAKING." APPEA Journal 41, no. 1 (2001): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj00045.
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The Minerva gas field is situated approximately 10 km offshore Port Campbell, Victoria, in the Southern Ocean in water depth of approximately 60 m. The development involves the drilling and completion of two wells, offshore pipelines to the coast, subterranean shore crossing and onshore pipelines to a gas treatment plant where liquids will be removed prior to exporting the gas.From the outset, the project attracted the interest of the local and wider community due to its proximity to the highly regarded Port Campbell National Park. The National Park is known for its unique geomorphological features, its fauna and flora and aboriginal heritage sites.The development has been subject to a dual jurisdiction, State and Federal, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process. The process included the formation of a Community Consultative Committee consisting of representatives from government agencies, local community groups, environmental groups, industry associations and the proponent. The Committee provided input to the scope of the EIA and reviewed and endorsed the studies and report prior to public exhibition. An independent panel hearing and ministerial assessments followed public exhibition.A phased process was adopted in the selection of routes, sites and technologies to achieve the lowest practicable environmental impact. Each phase was supported by studies of environmental aspects, fauna, flora, heritage, visual and social impacts. The process commenced on a regional scale and progressively refined the concept and the study area. Detailed studies of key environmental aspects were conducted for the selected development options.The final development concept addressed the key findings of the baseline and subsequent environmental studies and was largely supported by an independent panel. However, there still remained concerns by sectors of the community on the issue of precedent and integrity of the National Park. The Ministerial assessment reflected the issues of community value above technical, environmental, archaeological and heritage considerations.
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JOHNSON, SHEENA, and STEPHANIE PETRIE. "Child Protection and Risk-Management: The Death of Victoria Climbie." Journal of Social Policy 33, no. 2 (March 29, 2004): 179–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279403007487.
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This paper looks at the concepts of ‘risk’ and ‘safety culture’ within a Social Work context, specifically in relation to child protection. Discussion is made of the systemic and organisational issues that are apparent in many inquiries into child death from abuse, and the authors argue that these issues need to be given a higher profile to ensure avoidable tragedies do not occur as a result of organisational failure. The concept of ‘safety culture’ is described as a tool of best practice used by some organisations in the commercial sector to ensure their risk, for example communication failure, in relation to organisational issues is both understood and controlled. The parallels between an organisational breakdown resulting in a disaster and those relating to the breakdown of childcare services are outlined in relation to two high profile examples, the Challenger Space Shuttle disaster and the tragic death of Victoria Climbie respectively. The authors discuss how the lessons learnt from such disasters and the ways in which high risk commercial organisations give organisational issues such high priority can, and should be, successfully transferred into other sectors, namely Social Work and Child Protection services.
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Sawaguchi, Toshiko, Hiroshi Nishida, and Hisao Kato. "Social and Forensic Aspects of Sudden Infant Death." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 20, no. 2 (June 1999): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000433-199906000-00021.
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EGGERT, HÅKAN, and RAZACK B. LOKINA. "Regulatory compliance in Lake Victoria fisheries." Environment and Development Economics 15, no. 2 (November 13, 2009): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x09990106.
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ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the causes for regulatory compliance, using traditional deterrence variables and potential moral and social variables. We use self-reported data from 459 Tanzanian artisanal fishers in Lake Victoria. The results indicate that the decision to be either a non-violator or a violator, as well as the violation rate – if the latter – are influenced by changes in deterrence variables like the probability of detection and punishment and also by legitimacy and social variables. We also identify a small group of fishers who react neither to normative aspects nor to traditional deterrence variables but persistently violate the regulation.
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Swain, Phillip A. "Vale Daniel Is the system ‘failing to thrive’?" Children Australia 18, no. 3 (1993): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200003515.
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Krupinski, Jerzy, John W. G. Tiller, Graham D. Burrows, and Alan Mackenzie. "SOCIAL AND FAMILIAL ASPECTS OF ATTEMPTED AND COMPLETED SUICIDE OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN VICTORIA." Australian Journal of Social Issues 33, no. 4 (November 1998): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1839-4655.1998.tb01062.x.
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Woon, Yuen-Fong. "Some Adjustment Aspects of Vietnamese and Sino-Vietnamese Families in Victoria, Canada." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 17, no. 3 (October 1, 1986): 349–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.17.3.349.
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Levchenko, I. E., and O. A. Polyushkevich. "Prosocial practices of mortality interpretation: racial-anthropological and sociocultural aspects." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 7, no. 3 (July 5, 2022): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2022-7.3.8.
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Background. The perception of mortality is consistent with pro-social practices that determine social development. Combining the tools of racial-anthropological and sociocultural approaches makes it possible to identify the universal characteristics and interpretations of mortality in modern society.Aim of the study: identification of pro-social practices and specific interpretations of mortality through the unity and opposition of the racial-anthropological and socio-cultural aspects of social reproduction.Methods. A mass survey of the population of the Russian Federation (n = 1200) aged 18 to 65 living in different regions of the Russian Federation (55 % women, 45 % men) was conducted. A content analysis of media and Internet materials was performed to fix estimates of death and mortality in the Russian Federation over the past five years (n = 1456) in publications or informational messages.Results. The impact of the anthropological and sociocultural aspects was manifested through how and what people think about death, as well as how death exists in a social context. The personal-psychological context of the perception of death and mortality, the memorialization of places of death and the socio-economic and cultural-organizational practices of death determine the personal and social forms of interpretation of mortality. Content analysis of media materials and the Internet revealed a significant increase in the volume and frequency of attention to death and mortality. This is due to the situation with the pandemic, as well as the actualization of the fears of Russians about their well-being and social conditions for accepting and assessing death and mortality.Conclusion. Prosocial practices, being a personal experience of experiencing and a tool for social inclusion in acceptable norms of behavior, influence sociocultural meanings and anthropological conditions for the perception of mortality.
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Walker, Shelley, Peter Higgs, Mark Stoové, and Mandy Wilson. "Narratives of Young Men With Injecting Drug Use Histories Leaving Adult Prison." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 12 (December 28, 2017): 3681–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x17747829.
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This research focuses on an under-examined aspect of the post-release prison trajectory for a seldom-researched cohort. Narratives of the immediate days/weeks surrounding release were gathered from young men with histories of injecting drug use (IDU). Twenty-eight participants (aged 19-24) released from adult prisons in Victoria, Australia, participated in face-to-face in-depth qualitative interviews after release. Analysis of findings through the lens of a “risk environment” framework reveals how their experiences were compromised by risk factors embedded in the physical spaces and social situations they inhabited, as well as the multi-sectoral policy environments under which they were governed. A complex interplay between these factors, young men’s drug use and broader issues of structural vulnerability, including institutionalization and social disadvantage, combined to limit young men’s chances of “success”1 on the outside. Narratives provide evidence for interventions that transform risk environments into enabling environments, thereby promoting a more successful transition from prison to community for young men with IDU histories.
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Riches, Gordon. "Seventh Annual Symposium on Social Aspects of Death, Dying and Bereavement." Mortality 3, no. 2 (January 1998): 200–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713685905.
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Duckett, Stephen. "Pathos, death talk and palliative care in the assisted dying debate in Victoria, Australia." Mortality 25, no. 2 (February 17, 2019): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2019.1575800.
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Gilbert, Julia, and Jane Boag. "‘To die, to sleep’ – assisted dying legislation in Victoria: A case study." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 7-8 (November 19, 2018): 1976–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018806339.
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Background: Assisted dying remains an emotive topic globally with a number of countries initiating legislation to allow individuals access to assisted dying measures. Victoria will become the first Australian state in over 13 years to pass Assisted Dying Legislation, set to come into effect in 2019. Objectives: This article sought to evaluate the impact of Victorian Assisted Dying Legislation via narrative view and case study presentation. Research design: Narrative review and case study. Participants and research context: case study. Ethical considerations: This legislation will provide eligible Victorian residents with the option to request access to assisted dying measures as a viable alternative to a potentially painful, protracted death. Findings: This legislation, while conservative and inclusive of many safeguards at present, will form the basis for further discussion and debate on assisted dying across Australia in time to come. Discussion: The passing of this legislation by the Victorian parliament was prolonged, emotive and divided not only the parliament but Australian society. Conclusion: Many advocates for this legislation proclaimed it was well overdue and will finally meet the needs of contemporary society. Protagonists claim that medical treatment should not provide a means of ending life, despite palliative care reportedly often failing to relieve the pain and suffering of individuals living with a terminal illness.
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Boichenko, Mykhailo, Nataliia Boichenko, and Zoia Shevchenko. "The social and biological aspects of human death and social downshifting as a philosophical problem." Skhid, no. 1(165) (February 29, 2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21847/1728-9343.2020.1(165).196770.
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Lucas, A. M. "Ferdinand von Mueller's interactions with Charles Darwin and his response to Darwinism." Archives of Natural History 37, no. 1 (April 2010): 102–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0260954109001685.
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Although Ferdinand Mueller (later von Mueller), Government Botanist of Victoria, opposed Darwin's theories when On the origin of species was published, there has been little detailed study of the nature of Mueller's opposition from 1860, when he received a presentation copy of Origin, to his death in 1896. Analysis of Mueller's correspondence and publications shows that he remained a theist and misunderstood key aspects of Darwin's theory. However, Mueller did come to accept that natural selection could operate within a species, although never accepting it could produce speciation. Despite these differences he retained a cordial relationship with Darwin.
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Wei, Dongyue, and Huanlin Mo. "Social Conditions of Chemical Castration." BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 19 (August 30, 2022): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v19i.1615.
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This article considers three application modes of chemical castration in various countries, which are completely voluntary mode, compulsory mode and the combination mode of voluntary and compulsory. In terms of overseas investigation, the applicable conditions mainly include two aspects: the need to compensate the deficiency brought by the abolition of death penalty, and the social conditions of commutation and parole to guarantee human rights. While some conditions are satisfied to a certain extent in China, the existence of death penalty and the defects in parole and commutation make it unfeasible to introduce chemical castration to China.
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Palmer, C. Eddie, and Dorinda N. Noble. "Premature Death: Dilemmas of Infant Mortality." Social Casework 67, no. 6 (June 1986): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438948606700602.
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Infant death has extreme emotional and symbolic effects on parents and health care professionals who face the moral and ethical aspects of life and death decisions, complicated by government ideology. Social workers can help with understanding the resulting dilemmas and suggest possible interventions.
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Clegg, E. J., and J. F. Cross. "Aspects of neonatal death in St Kilda, 1830–1930." Journal of Biosocial Science 26, no. 1 (January 1994): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200002109x.
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SummaryNeonatal death (mainly due to tetanus) was common in St Kilda until 1891. Two aspects of this phenomenon are studied; factors which pre-dicted death, and the impact of neonatal death on family building. Maternal age appeared to be a predictive factor for death of the first child, but only in children of high birth order were other factors, particularly the number of previous neonatal deaths, important. The first birth interval appeared to be determined mainly by the date of the first birth, independent of neonatal mortality levels. For later intervals, the neonatal death of the previous child appeared to be the main determining factor.
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Jernsand, Eva Maria. "Engagement as transformation: Learnings from a tourism development project in Dunga by Lake Victoria, Kenya." Action Research 15, no. 1 (March 2017): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476750316678913.
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Participatory tourism development projects are considered effective and democratic since they engage people in interactive learning processes that change individuals and societies. In order to be transformative, a relational and social process must be acheived which challenges prior knowledge and beliefs. The purpose of this article is to explore engagement as a transformative feature of research and development practice. Three aspects of engagement are proposed through which higher learning loops and transformation can be enhanced: embodied and situated learning, relationship-building, and acknowledging and sharing power. These three aspects of engagement are explored through the case of developing an ecotourism site by Lake Victoria in Kenya.
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Heenen-Wolff, Susann. "Identity and the Death Instinct: Aspects of Transcultural Research." Group Analysis 28, no. 2 (June 1995): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0533316495282005.
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Skripnik, Konstantin D. "The Sources and Formation of Significs: Victoria Welby’s Early Works." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 5 (October 10, 2020): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2227-6564-v057.
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The interest in the ideas, works and personality of Victoria Lady Welby, which are practically unknown to Russian scholars, was first generated in commentaries and studies as late as fifty years after her death. Meanwhile, Lady Welby was not only the founder of a new science of meaning, which she called significs, but also played an important role in connecting different scholars and philosophers of her time as well as influenced the development of many of them, including C. Ogden and C. Peirce and members of the Signific Movement in the Netherlands. Although the fundamental ideas of significs are fully presented in her books published in the 20th century, this paper focuses on Welby’s early articles in the journals Mind and The Monist. Noteworthy, it is not hard to see the influence of Darwin’s evolutionary theory in the development of significs as well as to find the traces of preceding linguistic and philosophical considerations of the nature of language in it. Significs defines meaning in the evolutionary dynamics as a three-part structure that includes three stages or phases: sense, meaning and significance. Sense is defined as a pre-rational, pre-verbal or instinctive stage, while meaning as intentional or volitional stage. At the third stage, it includes sense, meaning and value. Thus, significs combines organismic, psychological, linguistic, practical, as well as moral and axiological aspects.
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Swensen, Clifford H. "Psychological Aspects of Life Support." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 24, no. 2 (March 1992): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/j827-8yfm-aamg-guk3.
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Psychologists have done little research on the psychological aspects of life support. Research in other areas of psychology has produced results applicable to the life support situation, however. The results of directly and indirectly applicable research indicate that both patients and their intimates suffer less psychological distress if those who have a close positive relationship with the patient maintain emotional closeness to the patient and participate in making decisions concerning life support. Decisions to end treatment are difficult because ending treatment changes the social structure and identity of the survivors. Death is less stressful if the death comes at the right time of life, and the process of dying is neither too long nor too short. People feel less distress if they have appropriate information concerning the situation and have some control.
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Nicolosi, Guido. "Lampedusa, 3 October 2013: Anatomy of a social representation." International Journal of Cultural Studies 21, no. 5 (February 16, 2017): 539–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877917694092.
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This article discusses the tragic events that took place in Lampedusa on 3 October 2013, by comparing two opposing yet intertwining cultural processes. The first one ( dematerializing) involves actors and social agencies in concealing and rarefying the material aspects connected to death. The second ( materializing) is based on the recognition of death in ‘corporeal’ terms. Both of these processes mobilize physical and cognitive resources and are deployed on both a symbolic and real level.
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Hardcastle, Lesley, Terry Bartholomew, and Joe Graffam. "Legislative and Community Support for Offender Reintegration in Victoria." Deakin Law Review 16, no. 1 (August 1, 2011): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2011vol16no1art96.
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The status of offender rehabilitation has been influenced by the prevailing social climate, the promotion of ways to improve rehabilitation’s efficacy, and the well documented cycling of correctional imperatives. A renewed interest in offender transitions and reintegration has been apparent in recent years and most western correctional systems now feature policies and/or programs that address issues relating to the housing, employment, education and the broader ‘resettlement’ of offenders. However, this movement of correctional imperatives into the ‘social’ realm brings considerable challenges. Perhaps most significantly, the achievement of reintegration is dependent on juridical and community support in ways that other sentencing goals are not. Given the array of understandings of what ‘reintegration’ actually is, the abundance of programs claiming such a focus, and the reliance that reintegrative ideas have on community support, measuring the extent and nature of such support is seen as a useful exercise. With the above in mind, the goal of this paper is to identify legislative and community obstacles to the success of reintegrative ideals and policies. The paper first examines relevant legislation for references to reintegrative notions, finding a legislative ambivalence about such ideas. It then presents findings from a Victoria-wide survey of community views about the reintegration of ex-offenders. Participants in the community survey (n = 2635) were asked for their views about sentencing objectives, and the nature of their support for employment and housing initiatives. The results showed low levels of overall support for reintegration, with numerous more subtle distinctions being evident. The data also identify numerous areas where reintegrative programs are likely to be more readily accepted. The findings also indicate a need for targeted research into the correlates of community readiness for specific aspects of offender reintegration, and underlines the need for community education about the social implications of effective reintegration policies for urban, regional and rural communities.
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Creitz, Abigail. "Sources: The A–Z of Death and Dying: Social, Medical, and Cultural Aspects." Reference & User Services Quarterly 54, no. 1 (September 1, 2014): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.54n1.60a.
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Wiradnyana, Ketut. "Wadah dan Tanda Kubur, Sebuah Simbol dalam Tradisi Megalitik Masyarakat Nias Selatan." Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala 12, no. 24 (January 7, 2018): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24832/bas.v12i24.217.
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AbstractIn relation to death, the burial is one of the procession of the human life cycle for every culture. Therefore, the procession of death have a very important role with the special treatment of the deceased. In relation to social life, the various aspects raised is a sign of the importance of the procession meant. To understand the various social aspects can be observed presumably conceived through the symbols on coffin and grave mark.
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Hold, Judith L. "A good death." Nursing Ethics 24, no. 1 (August 3, 2016): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015602051.
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Background: On a day to day basis, nurses are facing more ethical dilemmas during end-of-life care resulting in not being able to actualize a good death for patients. Research objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how experienced hospice nurses resolve day to day ethical dilemmas during end-of-life care. Research design: The study used a qualitative narrative approach. Participants: Through purposeful sampling, a total of six experienced hospice nurse participated. Ethical considerations: Approval from the researcher’s university Institutional Review Board for ethical review was obtained. Findings: Using core story creation, several different ethical dilemmas were identified divulging struggles with key stakeholders including family members and providers. Thematic analysis generated three main themes: Ethics within Practice, Ethical Knowledge, and Ethical Solutions. Discussion: The participants told their stories depicting a keen awareness of ethical conflicts situated by contextual factors including social, political, and personal issues. The nurses’ deliberations were informed through formal, experiential, and intuitive knowledge. Ethical predicaments were resolved by either following rules or choosing acts of resistance. Conclusion: A better understanding was obtained on how experienced hospice nurses successfully resolve ethical dilemmas culminating in better deaths for patients.
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Kelly, Brian, Beverley Raphael, Dixie Statham, Michael Ross, Heather Eastwood, Susan McLean, Bill O'Loughlin, and Kim Brittain. "A Comparison of the Psychosocial Aspects of AIDS and Cancer-Related Bereavement." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 26, no. 1 (March 1996): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/puwy-n3al-kk3t-b89l.
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Objective: This study compares the psychological symptoms and bereavement distress of individuals bereaved by AIDS with a group bereaved by a cancer death, and addresses the question of whether an AIDS death is associated with a higher rate of adverse psychosocial factors that may increase risk of psychological morbidity in the bereaved individuals. Method: AIDS ( n = 28) and cancer ( n = 30) bereaved individuals (all within 3 months of the bereavement) completed measures of psychological morbidity and measures addressing a range of other adverse factors, e.g., number of losses, levels of social support and stigma. Results: The cancer and AIDS bereaved were essentially similar on all psychological symptom measures. The AIDS group reported lower levels of social support in response to the bereavement than cancer bereaved individuals; a greater number of bereavements, were more likely to conceal the cause of death from significant others including their own family and perceived, in some instances, a greater level of rejection from others. The AIDS group reported higher levels of social support from friends than from family. Conclusions: At three months following bereavement, AIDS and cancer bereaved were similar in levels of distress. While this may change with the progress of grief over time, it suggests essentially similar early bereavement responses. Those bereaved by AIDS reported a range of other adverse factors such as a greater number of losses, lower social support, stigma, and less open disclosure of the cause of death.
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Wolfers, Michael. "Book reviews : Death of Dignity: Angola's civil war By VICTORIA BRITTAIN (London, Pluto Press, 1998). 108pp. £9.99." Race & Class 39, no. 4 (April 1998): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030639689803900412.
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Brannelly, Tula. "Sustaining citizenship: People with dementia and the phenomenon of social death." Nursing Ethics 18, no. 5 (September 2011): 662–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733011408049.
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Social death is apparent when people are considered unworthy of social participation and deemed to be dead when they are alive. Some marginalized groups are more susceptible to this treatment than others, and one such group is people with dementia. Studies into discrimination towards older people are well documented and serve as a source of motivation of older people’s social movements worldwide. Concurrently, theories of ageing and care have been forthcoming in a bid to improve the quality of responses to older people in times of need. Included in this theorizing has been the analysis of values and approaches that paid carers convey to citizens who require their help. In this article, the values and approaches of social workers and mental health nurses bring to people with dementia are considered within the context of social life and social death. It is based on a small study that undertook to critically examine how participation of people with dementia was facilitated. A thanatological lens was used to interpret inclusive and exclusive practices which potentially create opportunity for participation or reinforce the loss of citizenship for older people with dementia.
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Мусабекова, С. А., and К. Э. Мхитарян. "FORENSIC ASPECTS OF SUDDEN DEATH INCENTRAL KAZAKHSTAN." Farmaciâ Kazahstana, no. 4 (September 16, 2022): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.53511/pharmkaz.2022.88.62.011.
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Скоропостижная смерть играет важную роль при оценке показателей смертности. Анализ скоропостижной смерти позволяет устанавливать не только причину смерти в каждом конкретном случае, но и судить в целом о числе лиц, умирающих скоропостижно, а также о роли различных заболеваний, об их «омоложении», и разных факторов социального, возрастного, климато-географического и другого характера в ее наступлении. В настоящее время судебно-медицинская диагностика скоропостижной смерти остается актуальной как в теоретическом, так и в практическом отношении. Цель исследования: изучение показателей скоропостижной смерти в зависимости от пола и возрастной группы на территории Центрального Казахстана для анализа уровней и тенденций смертности и заболеваемости. Материалы и методы Проведен сегментированный анализ показателей скоропостижной смерти и их динамики на территориии Центрального Казахстана с 2019 по 2021 год по результатам судебно-медицинских заключений. Материалом для исследования являлись случаи скоропостижной смерти, выявленные в ходе судебно-медицинского вскрытия трупов мужчин и женщин в различных возрастных категориях. Результаты Данные ретроспективного мониторинга позволили провести оценку причин, частоты и динамики скоропостижной смерти на территории Центрального Казахстана. Результаты показали, что количество скоропостижных смертей на данной территории, независимо от пола, не имеет тенденции к снижению и носит устойчивый характер.Установлено, что в целом сложившаяся ситуация дублирует общеказахстанские тенденции, но имеет определенные особенности: гендерные различия и сезонные именения в количестве скоропостижных смертей в изучаемом регионе отсутствуют. Выявлены статистически значимые возрастные особенности, связанные с причинами скоропостижной смерти у мужчин и у женщин. Определены основные тенденции причин скоропостижной смерти, дан анализ причин скоропостижной смерти по полу, возрасту и в зависимости от времени года. При сегментированном анализе значимых изменений трендов смертности не обнаружено. Танатогенез скоропостижной смерти обусловлен частотой и количеством неинфекционных заболеваний в регионе. Данные факторы и определяют исход заболевания и наступление внезапной смерти на фоне мнимого благополучия. Заключение Мониторинг и динамика количества скоропостижных смертей в каждом отдельно взятом регионе дает возможность анализа медико-демографической ситуации с последующей адаптацией местных систем здравоохранения к эффективному реагированию, запуская ответные профилактические меры реагирования сразу в нескольких секторах. Sudden death plays an important role in assessing mortality rates. The analysis of sudden death makes it possible to establish not only the cause of death in each specific case, but also to judge in general the number of people dying suddenly, as well as the role of various diseases, their “rejuvenation”, and various social, age, climatic, geographical and other factors in its onset. Currently, the forensic diagnosis of sudden death remains relevant both theoretically and practically. The purpose of the study: to study the indicators of sudden death depending on gender and age group in the territory of Central Kazakhstan in order to analyze the levels and tendencies of mortality and morbidity. Materials and methods A segmented analysis of the indicators of sudden death and their dynamics in the territory of Central Kazakhstan from 2019 to 2021 was carried out based on the results of forensic medical reports. The material for the study was cases of sudden death identified during the forensic autopsy of corpses of men and women in various age categories. Results The data of retrospective monitoring made it possible to assess the causes, frequency and dynamics of sudden death in the territory of Central Kazakhstan. The results showed that the number of sudden death cases in this area, regardless of gender, has no tendency to decrease and has stable nature. It was found that, in general, the current situation duplicates the general Kazakh tendencies, but has certain features: there are no gender differences and seasonal changes in the number of sudden death cases in the studied region. Statistically significant age-related features associated with the causes of sudden death in men and women were revealed. There are determined main tendencies of the causes of sudden death and was given the analysis of the causes of sudden death by gender, age and depending on the time of year. No significant changes in mortality tendencies were found in the segmented analysis. The thanatogenesis of sudden death is due to the frequency and number of non-infectious diseases in the region. These factors determine the outcome of the disease and the onset of sudden death against the background of imaginary well-fare. Conclusion Monitoring and dynamics of the number of sudden deaths in each individual region makes it possible to analyze the medical and demographic situation with the subsequent adaptation of local health systems to an effective response, setting in motion preventive response measures in several sectors at once.
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Roberts, Colin H., and Martin Innes. "The 'death' of Dixon?" Criminology & Criminal Justice 9, no. 3 (July 29, 2009): 337–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895809336383.
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Informed by qualitative data from a study of formal and informal social control responses to gun crime in Lambeth, South London, this article seeks to map the contours of some of the key aspects of the policing of firearms offending in England and Wales. It is proposed that policing responses can be distinguished between a `preventative' disposition in areas where gun-related offending is rare, and a pragmatic `manage and suppress' reaction that is implemented in the small number of areas of the country where gun crime is comparatively more common. Focusing in particular upon the work of Operation Trident in London, the discussion seeks to identify some of the complex social forces at work within communities where gun violence is comparatively prevalent and how police seek to engage with such situations. This focus is utilized to construct an argument about a broader and deeper nascent trend in British policing that is exemplified by the response to gun crime. It is suggested that key components of the police function are increasingly being cast as requiring specialist expertise and skills if they are to be performed effectively. As such, the internal social organization of policing is coming to be organized around an increasingly complex architecture and division of labour.
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Erofeyev, Yu V., and O. V. Migunova. "Medical and social aspects of aged population mortality in the Omsk Region." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 10, no. 4 (August 28, 2011): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2011-4-171-173.
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Problems of aged population mortality lead to massive increase in total expenses on health service. Stability of mortality rate was primary cause of population type in Omsk Region was estimated as regressive. It was high level of demographic old age in the region, death rate at the age of 60—70 remain high. Record of tendencies of mortality is one of the most important tasks of social policy.
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Suryana, Yayan. "TRADISI NGAJAHUL: Fikih Pemakaman dan Kohesi Sosial Pada Masyarakat Muslim Priangan." Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif 14, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v14i1.1721.
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This paper presents an analysis of the death rituals carried out by Muslims in the Priangan region known as ngajahul. Ngajahul is done on the sixth or seventh day after death. Analysis of the ritual of death illustrates that the ritual of death is not only a spiritual-fiqhiyyah aspect, but also has a role in describing social relations. The graveyard that lay in the cemetery, not only shows the grave, but also describes the relationship between the deceased, the family and the social environment. This research in a sociological perspective produces the concept that the rituals of death and society, especially Muslim societies in various aspects are referred to as containing social cohesion. This concept illustrates that death rituals are not as depicted in recitation forums that see death rituals as a tradition laden with rituals that are spiritually nuanced. Ngajahul is a tradition that produces social interaction and involvement in social life that is produced simultaneously. Key Words : Ngajahul, Ritual, Social cohesion, fiqhiyyah
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Cohn, Helen M. "Watch Dog over the Herbarium: Alfred Ewart, Victorian Government Botanist 1906 - 1921." Historical Records of Australian Science 16, no. 2 (2005): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr05009.
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Alfred Ewart was Government Botanist in the service of the Victorian Government from February 1906 to February 1921. He was concurrently foundation Professor of Botany at the University of Melbourne, both positions being part-time. As Government Botanist he was in charge of the National Herbarium of Victoria, which had fallen into a slump after the death of the first Government Botanist, Ferdinand von Mueller, in 1896. Ewart was determined to restore the Herbarium to its former position as a leading centre of research on the Victorian and indeed the Australian flora. In doing so he enlisted the aid of the many capable botanists who were members of the Field Naturalists' Club of Victoria. The Herbarium being in the Department of Agriculture, Ewart had duties in relation to the business of that Department. These had mainly to do with weeds, impure seeds and providing advice to departmental officers. Of particular importance was his taxonomic work as Government Botanist. He published a series of papers and books on the flora of Victoria and the Northern Territory, and engaged in debates with colleagues both interstate and overseas. Ewart ceased to be Government Botanist when the professorship was made a full-time appointment in response to increased teaching loads.
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Ungar, Lea, Victor Florian, and Esther Zernitsky-Shurka. "Aspects of Fear of Personal Death, Levels of Awareness, and Professional Affiliation among Dialysis Unit Staff Members." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 21, no. 1 (August 1990): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/0749-xdr2-vt5j-x0hw.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the expressions of fear of personal death among physicians, nurses, and social workers working in dialysis units at several general hospitals. Seventy-one dialysis unit staff members and sixty-eight staff members of optomology and oto-rhino laryngology wards, who served as a control group, responded on an individual basis to: 1) Fear of Personal Death Scale [1]; 2) Four TAT cards. Results indicated no differences in fear of personal death between the two main research groups both on the conscious and on below the conscious level. When compared to social workers, physicians received lower scores of fear of personal death on both levels, and nurses scores fell between the two professions. Clear gender differences were revealed. These results and their practical implications are discussed.
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Ezzy, Douglas, Gary Bouma, Greg Barton, Anna Halafoff, Rebecca Banham, Robert Jackson, and Lori Beaman. "Religious Diversity in Australia: Rethinking Social Cohesion." Religions 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11020092.
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This paper argues for a reconsideration of social cohesion as an analytical concept and a policy goal in response to increasing levels of religious diversity in contemporary Australia. In recent decades, Australian has seen a revitalization of religion, increasing numbers of those who do not identify with a religion (the “nones”), and the growth of religious minorities, including Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sikhism. These changes are often understood as problematic for social cohesion. In this paper, we review some conceptualizations of social cohesion and religious diversity in Australia, arguing that the concept of social cohesion, despite its initial promise, is ultimately problematic, particularly when it is used to defend privilege. We survey Australian policy responses to religious diversity, noting that these are varied, often piecemeal, and that the hyperdiverse state of Victoria generally has the most sophisticated set of public policies. We conclude with a call for more nuanced and contextualized analyses of religious diversity and social cohesion in Australia. Religious diversity presents both opportunities as well as challenges to social cohesion. Both these aspects need to be considered in the formation of policy responses.
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McClatchey, Irene Searles, and Steve King. "The Impact of Death Education on Fear of Death and Death Anxiety Among Human Services Students." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 71, no. 4 (March 11, 2015): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815572606.
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Human services professionals will undoubtedly work with the dying and bereaved populations at one time or other. Yet, they are poorly prepared to do so since death education, that is, lessons about the human and emotional aspects of death, its implications, and subsequent bereavement issues, is often not part of their curriculum. This nonequivalent comparison group study ( N = 86) examined death fear and death anxiety among human services students before and after receiving death education using the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in death anxiety among the group of students who participated in death education compared to those who did not.
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Aziz, Shahid. "Accepting death!" Hec Forum 8, no. 2 (March 1996): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00119176.
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Steineck, Christian. ""Brain Death," Death, and Personal Identity." KronoScope 3, no. 2 (2003): 227–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852403322849260.
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AbstractThe issue of brain death touches directly on questions pertaining to our understanding of what it means to be human. Technological progress made possible the sustaining of signs of life in individuals who seem dead to the world. The concept of brain death was introduced to describe this phenomenon, and to answer some of the normative questions that were raised by it. In my article, I approach the problem of brain death with a focus on its temporal aspects. First I sketch out some general features of human life and death in terms of the theories of time of J. T. Fraser and G. Dux. Then I describe and analyze various definitions of brain death and criteria for its testing.The two most important variants are 'whole brain death' as the death of the organism, and 'cerebral death' as the death of the person. I discuss arguments in favor of, and against these concepts and analyze the framework and structuring of temporalities involved in each of them. I conclude that the extant theories in favor of 'brain death' are unsatisfactory, for factual and conceptual reasons. Most importantly, they neglect essential factors of personal identity. Because they employ a naturalistic concept of the human body, they fail to grasp its expressive quality and its function as a medium of communication. Furthermore, they fail to grasp the social dimension of personal identity. Because the concepts of 'brain death' as a criterion for the determination of death fail, we should regard brain-dead people as living human beings, and decide about their treatment accordingly.
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Hing, Nerilee, and Sharen Nisbet. "A Qualitative Perspective on Physical, Social and Cognitive Accessibility to Gambling." Journal of Gambling Issues, no. 24 (July 1, 2010): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2010.24.7.
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A possible relationship exists between heightened accessibility to gambling and the development and maintenance of gambling problems amongst employees at gambling venues. This paper takes an interpretive approach to exploring how working in a gambling venue influences accessibility to gambling. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 40 hotel and club employees in Victoria, Australia. Data were analysed along three key dimensions of accessibility to gambling. In terms of physical accessibility, respondents generally felt shiftwork and split shifts heavily influence the times staff are likely to access gambling facilities. Aspects of social accessibility, including familiarity and comfort of gambling in the workplace, encouragement by other staff, and workplace cultures that do not deter staff gambling, were considered encouraging influences. Cognitive accessibility (or knowledge and understanding about gambling) was heightened by enhanced knowledge of gambling products and processes, greater knowledge of jackpot levels, a desire to know what competing venues are offering, and cognitive distortions around winning.
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Hogan, Ashley. "“I Never Noticed She Was Dirty”: Fatherhood and the Death of Charlotte Duffy in Late-Nineteenth-Century Victoria." Journal of Family History 24, no. 3 (July 1999): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319909902400304.
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English, Peter. "The Death of Phillip Hughes." Communication & Sport 5, no. 1 (July 24, 2016): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479515597656.
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Cricketer Phillip Hughes died after being struck by a ball in a match, triggering a rare example of commemorative journalism of an Australian athlete in his prime. This case study explores the perceptions of print and online cricket journalists who covered the story, providing an analysis of how their emotions influenced their reporting of an event they were professionally and personally involved in. Employing this approach differs from the dominant focus of examining content in commemorative journalism scholarship. The circumstances of the Hughes story created an unfamiliar environment for cricket journalists, who had to deal with their own emotions while being messengers to audiences in Australia, and across the world. The impact of social media also altered the direction of aspects of the coverage through the Twitter hashtag #putoutyourbats. To examine elements of this commemorative journalism example, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 Australian cricket journalists. The results reflect the respondents’ difficulties in covering the story, their usage of emotion in their work, and their perceptions of social media’s influence.
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Shaw, Brent D. "Seasons of Death: Aspects of Mortality in Imperial Rome." Journal of Roman Studies 86 (November 1996): 100–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/300425.
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Within the last decade significant advances have been made towards a better understanding of the fundamental demographic regimes that characterized the Mediterranean world of Graeco-Roman Antiquity. Coincident with this improvement in our knowledge has come a renewed interest in the rituals and cultural practices associated with death and burial in the societies that were part of the Roman Empire. These divergent interests are reflected in two distinct approaches to the analysis of death in Roman society. The cultural method, which finds significance in reading the quality of a given death and burial, has tended to concentrate on eliciting connections between the archaeological remains of burial, the ritualistic celebration of death, and the social values of the living. The other approach to the phenomenon of death is more directly concerned with the crude biological facts of life and death: the historical demography of human mortality that has emphasized the analysis of quantitative data. In almost any consideration of death, however, the two approaches are pragmatically inseparable. This interdependence of the evaluative and quantitative aspects of death is apparent from the fact that it was a dramatic shift in cultural values that produced the consciousness and the recording of the temporal ‘quantity’ that made the writing of this study possible. What I propose to do is to track the seasonal variations of mortality in Roman society. Pronounced seasonal fluctuations in the demographics of any given human population are one of the most fundamental and enduring aspects of its characteristic profile. This applies not only to crudely biological processes such as birth and death, but also to practices, like marriage, that are apparently culturally driven. These annual oscillations rarely alter very much over the long term; they are one of the ‘deep structures’ that identify the main environmental and cultural factors that form a given population. As such, they mirror the interplay between the bare biological forces and the human decisions that give any population its peculiar shape. The delineation of a central diagnostic feature of a given population, in this case that of a vanished population of one and a half millennia ago, is something that will enable us better to understand its basic demographic structure.
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Saldan, I. P., and A. P. Pashkov. "Social aspects of mortality from chronic viral hepatitides in rural and urban populations of the Altai territory." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 19, no. 5 (October 15, 2014): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid40846.
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In the rural population, died people were revealed more often to be of working age, the diagnosis to them statistically significantly more often was established after the death by the doctor, just has attested the death, and by the doctor-pathologist. By comparing the results obtained with the incidence rate, we came to the conclusion that in the rural population there is decreased the quality of diagnosis of chronic viral hepatitides, that leads to the upsurge of the hidden sources of infection.