Journal articles on the topic 'Dealer Network Systems in the UK'
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Gonin, V., I. Bochkareva, and A. Gonin. "DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR FORMING A STRATEGY FOR THE ACTIVITY OF A REGIONAL CAR DEALER NETWORK." Transbaikal State University Journal 27, no. 1 (2021): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2021-27-1-95-103.
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Within the framework of this article, the method of forming a strategy for the activity of a regional dealer network for the sale of cars is considered. Based on the analysis of existing approaches, the authors proposed a block diagram of the development and implementation of the strategy. The methodology defines the sequence and content of the stages of forming the strategy of the dealer network for the sale of cars. The algorithm presents the interaction of strategic and tactical planning systems, which allows tracking the implementation of strategic tasks in the implementation of tactical plans. Application of this algorithm made it possible to develop a strategy for the dealer network for the sale of cars. “Sadko Motors +” operating in the Transbaikal Region. The strategy is designed for the period from 2020 to 2023. The chosen strategy allows improving the performance of the network and ensuring a stable competitive position of car dealerships that are part of its dealer network
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Blankley, Alan I. "Using SQL to Develop Database Query Proficiency: A Follow-Up Note to Borthick, Jones, and Kim (2001)." Journal of Information Systems 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jis.2006.20.1.117.
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In the Spring 2001 issue of Journal of Information Systems (JIS), Borthick et al. (2001) presented a case in which students were to query a Microsoft Access database in order to determine the mutual assurance concerning customer service for an automobile manufacturer and its local dealer network. I follow-up this case by presenting an additional teaching note to the case that develops query strategies and solutions for the case using Oracle and its SQL application, SQL-Plus.
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Machell, J., S. R. Mounce, and J. B. Boxall. "Online modelling of water distribution systems: a UK case study." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2010): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-3-21-2010.
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Abstract. Hydraulic simulation models of water distribution networks are routinely used for operational investigations and network design purposes. However, their full potential is often never realised because, in the majority of cases, they have been calibrated with data collected manually from the field during a single historic time period and, as such, reflect the network operational conditions that were prevalent at that time, and they are then applied as part of a reactive, desktop investigation. In order to use a hydraulic model to assist proactive distribution network management its element asset information must be up to date and it should be able to access current network information to drive simulations. Historically this advance has been restricted by the high cost of collecting and transferring the necessary field measurements. However, recent innovation and cost reductions associated with data transfer is resulting in collection of data from increasing numbers of sensors in water supply systems, and automatic transfer of the data to point of use. This means engineers potentially have access to a constant stream of current network data that enables a new era of "on-line" modelling that can be used to continually assess standards of service compliance for pressure and reduce the impact of network events, such as mains bursts, on customers. A case study is presented here that shows how an online modelling system can give timely warning of changes from normal network operation, providing capacity to minimise customer impact.
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Machell, J., S. R. Mounce, and J. B. Boxall. "Online modelling of water distribution systems: a UK case study." Drinking Water Engineering and Science Discussions 2, no. 2 (December 23, 2009): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwesd-2-279-2009.
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Abstract. Hydraulic simulation models of water distribution networks are routinely used for operational investigations and network design purposes. However, their full potential is often never realised because, in the majority of cases, they have been calibrated with data collected manually from the field during a single historic time period and, as such, reflect the network operational conditions that were prevalent at that time, and they are then applied as part of a reactive, desktop investigation. In order to use a hydraulic model to assist proactive distribution network management its element asset information must be up to date and it should be able to access current network information to drive simulations. Historically this advance has been restricted by the high cost of collecting and transferring the necessary field measurements. However, recent innovation and cost reductions associated with data transfer is resulting in collection of data from increasing numbers of sensors in water supply systems, and automatic transfer of the data to point of use. This means engineers potentially have access to a constant stream of current network data that enables a new era of "online" modelling that can be used to continually assess standards of service compliance for pressure and reduce the impact of network events, such as mains bursts, on customers. A case study is presented here that shows how an online modelling system can give timely warning of changes from normal network operation, providing capacity to minimise customer impact.
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Rutsaert, Pieter, and Jason Donovan. "Sticking with the old seed: Input value chains and the challenges to deliver genetic gains to smallholder maize farmers." Outlook on Agriculture 49, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030727019900520.
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The Kenyan maize seed sector exhibits high hybrid adoption rates, a growing number of seed companies, and an extensive agro-dealer network. Nonetheless, maize yields remain low and uptake of new, stress-tolerant varieties has been disappointing. This article investigates interactions in maize seed value chains in Kenya, and decisions made by agro-dealers, farmers, and seed companies, to gain a better understanding of how to encourage the uptake of new, stress-tolerant varieties. Data were collected during the 2019 seed-purchasing season from Kenyan seed companies ( n = 8), agro-dealers ( n = 80), and farmers immediately following their seed purchase ( n = 466). Most agro-dealers had a wide offer of seed products available, but seed companies’ engagement with them was limited and marketing efforts were directly focused on farmers. Only a fraction of farmers used the agro-dealer environment to guide their decision-making. However, when agro-dealers engaged with farmers, they influenced varietal selection in 80% of the cases. Agro-dealers were one of the key information outlets about maize seed varieties. Seed company engagement with agro-dealers and in-store promotions (push marketing) should be further explored to improve returns on investments in seed systems.
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Gorbachuk, Vasyl, Serge Gavrilenko, Gennadii Golotsukov, Maksym Lupei, Dmytro Nikolenko, Mykhailo Pustovoit, and Liudmyla Batih. "ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION, INTERMEDIATION, COORDINATION, RATIONAL SELF-SELECTION AND SOCIAL WELFARE." International Scientific Technical Journal "Problems of Control and Informatics 67, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/2786-6505-2022-3-12.
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To understand the choice of an intermediary, let us focus on the organization ofexchange of products (goods and services) between sellers and buyers throughthe two extreme forms of intermediary exchanges, ignoring the other roles thatintermediaries often play. In one оf thе forms of intermediary exchanges, the intermediary acts as a dealer (retailer) in a sense that it buys products from sellersand resells them to buyers: pricing is centralized by the intermediary. In the second form of intermediary exchange, the intermediary does not take control of theseller’s products, but simply offers access to a platform (or marketplace) wherebuyers and sellers can interact as they see fit: pricing is decentralized to marketparticipants, and the platform- taxes trade. The first form corresponds to a business model in which the dealer sets the wholesale price for sellers and sets theretail price for buyers, and sellers and buyers are price-takers. The second formcorresponds to a business model in which the platform operator collects a platform usage charge from each seller and collects a platform usage fee from each buyer, and sellers set retail prices for buyers. Market intermediaries coordinatethe actions of buyers and sellers. Firms carry out transactions, servicing thepayment system, inventory control, and record keeping, which are important forthe functioning of markets. In addition, firms provide a central place of exchange, thus reducing the search costs for buyers and sellers. By comparing thecosts of intermediation with the costs of non-intermediated exchange in the markets, matching buyers and sellers, or the costs of search, it can be shown that anintermediated exchange happens to be more beneficial. Indirect network effectson both sides of the market lead to the concept of so called two-sided platforms.In such a platform, the primary role of intermediary is to control access to theplatform that at least two groups of economic agents use to their interaction. Asimilar platform should be valued more by users of each group when the platform is used more by another group. Individual decisions to join a particularplatform then generate indirect network effects on agents on the other side ofplatform. Due to the centralized operation of the platform, the intermediary canadd value and capture rents by facilitating the internalization of the externalitiesrelated with network effects. The characteristics of intermediaries must meetcertain expectations of market participants.
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Kazemi, Ehsan, Grigorios Kyritsakas, Stewart Husband, Katrina Flavell, Vanessa Speight, and Joby Boxall. "Predicting iron exceedance risk in drinking water distribution systems using machine learning." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1136, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1136/1/012047.
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Abstract A Machine Learning approach has been developed to predict iron threshold exceedances in sub-regions of a drinking water distribution network from data collected the previous year. Models were trained using parameters informed by Self-Organising Map analysis based on ten years of water quality sampling data, pipe data and discolouration customer contacts from a UK network supplying over 2.3 million households. Twenty combinations of input parameters (network conditions) and three learning algorithms (Random Forests, Support Vector Machines and RUSBoost Trees) were tested. The best performing model was found to be Random Forests with input parameters of iron, turbidity, 3-day Heterotrophic Plate Counts, and high priority dead ends per District Metered Area. Different exceedance levels were tested and prediction accuracies of above 70% were achieved for UK regulatory concentration of 200 µg/L. Predicted probabilities per network sub-region were used to provide relative risk ranking to inform proactive management and investment decisions.
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Jardine, C. N., and G. W. Ault. "Scenarios for examination of highly distributed power systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 222, no. 7 (October 24, 2008): 643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09576509jpe517.
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A set of three scenarios has been created in order to examine the incorporation of extensive penetrations of micro-generators into electricity networks (termed ‘highly distributed power systems’). The scenarios have been created as a synthesis of the Future Network Technologies scenarios and the UK domestic carbon model, and yields energy use and carbon dioxide emissions of the UK housing stock from inputs of household numbers, house type, thermal efficiency, appliance efficiency, as well as the number and efficiency of micro-generators used. The centralized supply mix also varies between scenarios and features extensive penetrations of large-scale renewables. The scenarios illustrate the scale of change required to reduce CO2 emissions by 60 per cent by 2050, which has substantial impacts for electricity network operation. Moving from a centralized system to the one where one-third of electricity comes from distributed sources poses significant challenges including: reverse power flow on networks, load balancing, storage requirements, phase unbalance, harmonics, and ancillary services.
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Sandberg, Russell. "Interfaith Legal Advisers Network: Inaugural Meeting." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 10, no. 2 (April 16, 2008): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x08001233.
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As part of its tenth anniversary celebrations, the Centre for Law and Religion at Cardiff University has established the Interfaith Legal Adviser Network (ILAN), the first of its kind in the UK. The Network seeks to facilitate an ongoing discussion, providing members with a greater understanding of their respective religious legal systems and the common legal issues they face. The inaugural meeting of the Network was held at Cardiff Law School on 7 December 2007.
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Philippas, Dionisis, Yiannis Koutelidakis, and Alexandros Leontitsis. "Insights into European interbank network contagion." Managerial Finance 41, no. 8 (August 10, 2015): 754–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-03-2014-0095.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the importance of interbank connections and shocks on banks’ capital ratios to financial stability by looking at a network comprising a large number of European and UK banks. Design/methodology/approach – The authors model interbank contagion using insights from the Susceptible Infected Recovered model. The authors construct scale-free networks with preferential attachment and growth, applying simulated interbank data to capture the size and scale of connections in the network. The authors proceed to shock these networks per country and perform Monte Carlo simulations to calculate mean total losses and duration of infection. Finally, the authors examine the effects of contagion in terms of Core Tier 1 Capital Ratios for the affected banking systems. Findings – The authors find that shocks in smaller banking systems may cause smaller overall losses but tend to persist longer, leading to important policy implications for crisis containment. Originality/value – The authors infer the interbank domestic and cross-border exposures of banks employing an iterative proportional fitting procedure, called the RAS algorithm. The authors use an extend sample of 169 European banks, that also captures effects on the UK as well as the Eurozone interbank markets. Finally, the authors provide evidence of the contagion effect on each bank by allowing heterogeneity. The authors compare the bank’s relative financial strength with the contagion effect which is modelled by the number and the volume of bilateral connections.
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Shaw, Duncan R., Bob Snowdon, Christopher P. Holland, Peter Kawalek, and Brian Warboys. "The Viable Systems Model Applied to a Smart Network: The Case of the UK Electricity Market." Journal of Information Technology 19, no. 4 (December 2004): 270–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000028.
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We investigate the concept of Smart Business Networks by using Beer's Viable System Model (VSM) to analyse how such a network mitigates the affect of emergent, and therefore unforecastable, demands upon the networked businesses. We examine the requirements for network smartness, highlight some significant properties of one Smart Network and use our case analysis and concepts from systems theory to suggest some general properties such as natural stability and distributed capability. We have found that smartness is distributed and shared behavioural process standards can act to stabilise complex systems. This is important because it mitigates emergent behaviour within increasingly complex business networks. The contributions of our article apply both to academics and business practitioners and are in its illustration and investigation of one Smart Business Network including how the smart capability functions at a strategic, business process and technical level; and the use of Beer's VSM to analyse an electricity market.
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Gleeson, Killian, Stewart Husband, John Gaffney, and Joby Boxall. "Determining the spatio-temporal relationship between water quality monitors in drinking water distribution systems." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1136, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1136/1/012046.
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Abstract A novel method to both assess the strength of connectivity and determine hydraulic transit times between water quality monitors from time series data is reported. It was developed using a network of over 50 mobile multi-parameter sensors deployed for 18 months across a UK drinking water distribution system, and then validated using a network of 18 sensors from a different UK utility. Correlation coefficients are calculated at different time shifts for each possible sensor pair, with strength of connectivity represented by the highest correlation coefficient, and with the temporal lag of this highest correlation also designates the transit time. The results demonstrate the potential to derive valuable spatio-temporal information, with potential to increase understanding of system performance and connectivity. This information can be used to assist with further analytics such as tracking water quality events and improving hydraulic and disinfection residual decay modelling.
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Baker, Maela. "Using geographical information systems to address hydrogen sulfide in the sewer network of Leicestershire, UK." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science 13, no. 2 (March 2018): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jenes.17.00021.
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Cheng, Xiaoyuan, Yukun Hu, and Liz Varga. "5G network deployment and the associated energy consumption in the UK: A complex systems’ exploration." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 180 (July 2022): 121672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121672.
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Ahmed, Asim, and Pierluigi Mancarella. "Strategic techno-economic assessment of heat network options for distributed energy systems in the UK." Energy 75 (October 2014): 182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.07.011.
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Gharavi, Hani, Gareth McLorn, Xueqin Liu, and Seán McLoone. "Coordinating EV Charging and Dynamic CVR in a LV Network: A UK Case Study." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 10 (2018): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.06.261.
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Bridgen, Paul, and Traute Meyer. "Individualisation reversed: the cross-class politics of social regulation in the UK’s public/private pension mix." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 24, no. 1 (February 2018): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258917746031.
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Since the turn of the century UK pension politics has been dominated by legislative and regulatory efforts to increase the state’s redistributive role in the pension system. Such developments are unexpected by the theoretical literature on welfare states. This predicts regulatory disputes in multi-pillar pension systems, but does not expect egalitarian reforms in liberal systems like the UK where organised labour is weak. We explain these reforms as a product of a temporary cross-class alliance, facilitated by a cohesive pension policy network, and formalised by an independent Pensions Commission. The consensus was possible because the public/private nature of the UK pension system politicised the non-state sphere, shaping the preferences of pension policy actors, and leading business to reach a compromise agreement with unions.
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Scribbins, Alban, and Kevin Curran. "Automation of Detection and Fault Management Response of Common Last-Mile Loss-Of-Connectivity Outages Within the Access Network." International Journal of Wireless Networks and Broadband Technologies 9, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwnbt.2020010101.
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The article to assesses whether it may be possible to recommend a solution to enable automation of the process of detection and fault management of common conclusive loss-of-connectivity last-mile outages, within the access network. To ascertain the utility of the research, UK based MPLS VPN managed service providers, their fault management staff and their business customers, were surveyed using online questionnaires for their views. UK public Internet users were additionally surveyed via five UK Internet forums. UK communication providers offering MPLS VPN solutions were characterised. Access network connectivity technologies and fault management functions were compared, contrasted and analysed. An aspiration for the solution to be beneficial to the largest potential population, meant that current non-proprietary Internet Standard technologies were selected, justified and identified which could be recommended for use. It was found that of the participating survey respondents, two-thirds were in favour of automation. Many current communication provider processes were found to be mostly automated. The article concludes with recommendations of how an automated solution could potentially be enabled. This involves further use of business-to-business interfacing between communication providers, automation of their Fault Management Systems and introducing Bi-Directional forwarding for detection between last-mile active network elements.
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Xia, Jun, John O'Reilly, and Adam Dyśko. "Future stability challenges for the UK network with high wind penetration levels." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 9, no. 11 (August 6, 2015): 1160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0835.
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Bartesaghi, Paolo, and Ernesto Estrada. "Where to cut to delay a pandemic with minimum disruption? mathematical analysis based on the SIS model." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 31, no. 12 (October 22, 2021): 2571–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202521500561.
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We consider the problem of modifying a network topology in such a way as to delay the propagation of a disease with minimal disruption of the network capacity to reroute goods/items/passengers. We find an approximate solution to the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model, which constitutes an upper bound to its exact solution. This upper bound allows direct structure-epidemic dynamic relations via the total communicability function. Using this approach we propose a strategy to remove edges in a network that significantly delays the propagation of a disease across the network with minimal disruption of its capacity to deliver goods/items/passengers. We apply this strategy to the analysis of the UK airport transportation network weighted by the number of passengers transported in 2003. We find that the removal of all flights connecting four origin-destination pairs in the UK delays the propagation of a disease by more than 300%, with a minimal deterioration of the transportation capacity of this network. These time delays in the propagation of a disease represent an important non-pharmaceutical intervention to confront an epidemic, allowing for better preparations of the health systems, while keeping the economy moving with minimal disruptions.
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DRAKE, L., and B. HOWCROFT. "Relative efficiency in the branch network of a UK bank: An empirical study." Omega 22, no. 1 (January 1994): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0483(94)90009-4.
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Coelho, S. T., S. James, N. Sunna, A. Abu Jaish, and J. Chatila. "Controlling water quality in intermittent supply systems." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0094.
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In countries suffering from chronic water shortages, water distribution systems are often operated on an intermittent basis, leaving them unpressurised and allowing ingress of contaminated groundwater, particularly in areas lacking sewerage systems. The periods of stagnation can promote microbial regrowth, further compromising water quality. On the other hand, peaks in pressure and velocity in the pipe network lead to biofilm detachment events, thus releasing microbial cells that may escape the regular quality monitoring procedures and thus increase risk for the consumer. Finally, intermittent supply requires consumers to store water in household storage tanks, which often encourage bacterial regrowth. This paper reports on research undertaken in Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, the UK and Portugal, which provided an improved understanding of the factors controlling bacterial concentrations in intermittent supplies, and presents an overview of the most important aspects of water quality control in intermittently operated networks.
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Pendleton, Andrew. "How Far Does the United Kingdom Have a Market-Based System of Corporate Governance? A Review and Evaluation of Recent Developments in the United Kingdom." Competition & Change 9, no. 1 (March 2005): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/102452905x38678.
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This article questions the extent to which UK corporate governance fits the stereotypical market model. It is argued that the UK system displays features that sit uneasily with an emphasis on markets as the primary form of governance. A web of social relationships between investors and managers complements and to some extent substitutes for market-based discipline. Thus the United Kingdom possesses characteristics of relationship or network systems as well as those of market systems. Furthermore, it is argued that, contrary to the usual inferences from an apparently dispersed structure of ownership in the United Kingdom, investors are able to exert strong control of managers. This arises from a similarity of interests between investors, and involves some explicit forms of investor co-ordination. The article concludes with some observations on the utility of the two-systems model.
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Magazù, S., F. Migliardo, and A. J. Ramirez-Cuesta. "Inelastic neutron scattering study on bioprotectant systems." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 2, no. 5 (July 18, 2005): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2005.0059.
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We collected inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra of homologous disaccharide (C 12 H 22 O 11 )/H 2 O mixtures at a very low temperature by using indirect geometry time-of-flight spectrometer TOSCA at the ISIS pulse neutron facility (DRAL, UK). The aim of this work is to investigate the vibrational behaviour of trehalose, maltose and sucrose/H 2 O mixtures with INS in order to characterize the structural changes induced by these disaccharides on the H 2 O hydrogen-bonded network. A higher degree of ‘crystallinity’ for the trehalose/H 2 O system is observed in the vibrational region corresponding to the ice bending modes. This feature could justify the better crypto biotic action of trehalose compared with maltose and sucrose. On the other hand, the better bioprotective effectiveness could be explained by the higher destructuring effect of trehalose, emphasized by the analysis of the librational modes region.
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Xie, H., P. Millard, and T. J. Chaussalet. "A Closed Queueing Network Approach to the Analysis of Patient Flow in Health Care Systems." Methods of Information in Medicine 45, no. 05 (2006): 492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634109.
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Summary Objectives: To model patient flow in health care systems with bed capacity constraints in order to provide a useful decision aid for health service managers. Methods: We model the patient flow of health care systems using a closed queueing network framework with the assumption that the system is always full. Key performance measures of the health care system are also derived. Results: Using parameters taken from a study of a geriatric department in the UK, we show that the model is useful in helping service managers to gain better understanding of the behaviour of the system. In addition, we demonstrate that the model could help improving decision-making by allowing managers to explore different options and evaluate their impacts on performance. Our findings highlight the importance of policy makers taking into account the interactions between different phases of care. Conclusions: We have developed a novel approach to modelling the flow of patients through health care systems with constrained bed capacity.
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Bátiz-Lazo, Bernardo, and Peter Wardley. "Banking on change: information systems and technologies in UK high street banking, 1919–1969." Financial History Review 14, no. 2 (October 2007): 177–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565007000534.
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This article looks at the experience of management of technological innovation and mechanisation by British financial institutions. It highlights the indigenous assessment of technology, reflecting on local and American influences in two types of business organisations within the financial sector to demonstrate the nature of responses and the timing of the introduction of new methods and machinery. The adoption of Information Technology (IT) and computer applications in particular play a crucial role, though one that is intimately connected with a strategic expansion of corporate business, this growth being reflected in terms of size of business and also territorial expansion, as each of the institutions considered here constructed a national network of retail branch outlets. Discussion of established literature for the high street banks is combined with archivally informed analysis of similar, but previously undocumented, developments on the part of building societies. By taking a long-term view of these developments in the twentieth century, and by comparing the experiences of two different sets of institutions, the article highlights the strategic factors that influenced the decisions taken by senior managers in their transformation of British retail financial services.
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Alasali, Feras, Antonio Luque, Rayner Mayer, and William Holderbaum. "A Comparative Study of Energy Storage Systems and Active Front Ends for Networks of Two Electrified RTG Cranes." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 10, 2019): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091771.
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The global consumerism trend and the increase in worldwide population is increasing the need to improve the efficiency of marine container transportation. The high operating costs, pollution and noise of the diesel yard equipment is leading sea ports to move towards replacing diesel RTG cranes with electric Rubber Tyre Gantry (RTG) cranes which offer reduced environmental impact and higher energy efficiency. However, ports will require smarter solutions to meet the increased demand on the electrical distribution network due to the electrification of RTGs. This paper aims to highlight the peak demand problem in the two electrical cranes network and attempts to increase the energy saving at ports by using two different technologies: Energy Storage System (ESS) and Active Front End (AFE). This article introduces one of the first extensive investigations into different networks of RTG crane models and compares the benefits of using either AFE or ESS. The proposed RTG crane models and network parameters are validated using data collected at the Port of Felixstowe, UK. The results of the proposed RTG cranes network show a significant peak demand reduction and energy cost saving.
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Stanley, Kieran M., Aoife Grant, Simon O'Doherty, Dickon Young, Alistair J. Manning, Ann R. Stavert, T. Gerard Spain, et al. "Greenhouse gas measurements from a UK network of tall towers: technical description and first results." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 3 (March 14, 2018): 1437–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-1437-2018.
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Abstract. A network of three tall tower measurement stations was set up in 2012 across the United Kingdom to expand measurements made at the long-term background northern hemispheric site, Mace Head, Ireland. Reliable and precise in situ greenhouse gas (GHG) analysis systems were developed and deployed at three sites in the UK with automated instrumentation measuring a suite of GHGs. The UK Deriving Emissions linked to Climate Change (UK DECC) network uses tall (165–230 m) open-lattice telecommunications towers, which provide a convenient platform for boundary layer trace gas sampling. In this paper we describe the automated measurement system and first results from the UK DECC network for CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, CO and H2. CO2 and CH4 are measured at all of the UK DECC sites by cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) with multiple inlet heights at two of the three tall tower sites to assess for boundary layer stratification. The short-term precisions (1σ on 1 min means) of CRDS measurements at background mole fractions for January 2012 to September 2015 is < 0.05 µmol mol−1 for CO2 and < 0.3 nmol mol−1 for CH4. Repeatability of standard injections (1σ) is < 0.03 µmol mol−1 for CO2 and < 0.3 nmol mol−1 for CH4 for the same time period. N2O and SF6 are measured at three of the sites, and CO and H2 measurements are made at two of the sites, from a single inlet height using gas chromatography (GC) with an electron capture detector (ECD), flame ionisation detector (FID) or reduction gas analyser (RGA). Repeatability of individual injections (1σ) on GC and RGA instruments between January 2012 and September 2015 for CH4, N2O, SF6, CO and H2 measurements were < 2.8 nmol mol−1, < 0.4 nmol mol−1, < 0.07 pmol mol−1, < 2 nmol mol−1 and < 3 nmol mol−1, respectively. Instrumentation in the network is fully automated and includes sensors for measuring a variety of instrumental parameters such as flow, pressures, and sampling temperatures. Automated alerts are generated and emailed to site operators when instrumental parameters are not within defined set ranges. Automated instrument shutdowns occur for critical errors such as carrier gas flow rate deviations. Results from the network give good spatial and temporal coverage of atmospheric mixing ratios within the UK since early 2012. Results also show that all measured GHGs are increasing in mole fraction over the selected reporting period and, except for SF6, exhibit a seasonal trend. CO2 and CH4 also show strong diurnal cycles, with night-time maxima and daytime minima in mole fractions.
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Nizzoli, Leonardo, Serena Tardelli, Marco Avvenuti, Stefano Cresci, and Maurizio Tesconi. "Coordinated Behavior on Social Media in 2019 UK General Election." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 15 (May 22, 2021): 443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18074.
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Coordinated online behaviors are an essential part of information and influence operations, as they allow a more effective disinformation's spread. Most studies on coordinated behaviors involved manual investigations, and the few existing computational approaches make bold assumptions or oversimplify the problem to make it tractable. Here, we propose a new network-based framework for uncovering and studying coordinated behaviors on social media. Our research extends existing systems and goes beyond limiting binary classifications of coordinated and uncoordinated behaviors. It allows to expose different coordination patterns and to estimate the degree of coordination that characterizes diverse communities. We apply our framework to a dataset collected during the 2019 UK General Election, detecting and characterizing coordinated communities that participated in the electoral debate. Our work conveys both theoretical and practical implications and provides more nuanced and fine-grained results for studying online information manipulation.
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Scheffauer, Rebecca, Manuel Goyanes, and Homero Gil de Zúñiga. "Beyond social media news use algorithms: how political discussion and network heterogeneity clarify incidental news exposure." Online Information Review 45, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 633–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-04-2020-0133.
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PurposeTraditionally, most readers' news access and consumption were based on direct intentional news seeking behavior. However, in recent years the emergence and popularization of social media platforms have enabled new opportunities for citizens to be incidentally informed about public affairs and politics as by-product of using these platforms. This article seeks to shed light on how socio-political conversation attributes may explain incidental exposure to information.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on US and UK survey data, the authors explore the role of political discussion and discussion network heterogeneity in predicting individuals' levels of incidental exposure to news. Furthermore, the authors also test the role of social media news use as a moderator. A hierarchical OLS regression analysis with incidental news exposure as dependent variable was conducted as well as analyses of moderation effects (heterogeneity*social media and political discussion*social media) using the PROCESS macro in SPSS.FindingsFindings reveal that heterogeneous networks are positively related to incidental news exposure in the UK, while sheer level of political discussion is a positive influence over incidental news exposure in the US. Social media news use moderates the relationship between political discussion and incidental news exposure in the UK. That is, those who are highly exposed to news on social media and discuss less often about politics and public affairs, they tend to be incidentally exposed to news online the most. Meanwhile, the interaction of social media news and discussion heterogeneity showed significant results in the US with those exhibiting high levels of both also receiving the biggest share of INE.Originality/valueThis study contributes to closing research gaps regarding how and when people are inadvertently exposed to news in two Western societies. By highlighting that beyond the fate of algorithmic information treatment by social media platforms, discussion antecedents as well as social media news use play an integral part in predicting incidental news exposure, the study unravels fundamental conditions underlying the incidental news exposure phenomenon.
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Nolan, Joanne, Oliver M. T. Pearce, Hazel R. C. Screen, Martin M. Knight, and Stefaan W. Verbruggen. "Organ-on-a-Chip and Microfluidic Platforms for Oncology in the UK." Cancers 15, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030635.
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Organ-on-chip systems are capable of replicating complex tissue structures and physiological phenomena. The fine control of biochemical and biomechanical cues within these microphysiological systems provides opportunities for cancer researchers to build complex models of the tumour microenvironment. Interest in applying organ chips to investigate mechanisms such as metastatsis and to test therapeutics has grown rapidly, and this review draws together the published research using these microfluidic platforms to study cancer. We focus on both in-house systems and commercial platforms being used in the UK for fundamental discovery science and therapeutics testing. We cover the wide variety of cancers being investigated, ranging from common carcinomas to rare sarcomas, as well as secondary cancers. We also cover the broad sweep of different matrix microenvironments, physiological mechanical stimuli and immunological effects being replicated in these models. We examine microfluidic models specifically, rather than organoids or complex tissue or cell co-cultures, which have been reviewed elsewhere. However, there is increasing interest in incorporating organoids, spheroids and other tissue cultures into microfluidic organ chips and this overlap is included. Our review includes a commentary on cancer organ-chip models being developed and used in the UK, including work conducted by members of the UK Organ-on-a-Chip Technologies Network. We conclude with a reflection on the likely future of this rapidly expanding field of oncological research.
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Faulkner, D. S., and C. Prudhomme. "Mapping an index of extreme rainfall across the UK." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 2, no. 2/3 (September 30, 1998): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-2-183-1998.
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Abstract. Distance from the sea, proximity of mountains, continentality and elevation are all useful covariates to assist the mapping of extreme rainfalls. Regression models linking these and other variables calculated from a digital terrain model have been built for estimating the median annual maximum rainfall, RMED. This statistic, for rainfall durations between 1 hour and 8 days, is the index variable in the rainfall frequency analysis for the new UK Flood Estimation Handbook. The interpolation of RMED between raingauge sites is most challenging in mountainous regions, which combine the greatest variation in rainfall with the sparsest network of gauges. Sophisticated variables have been developed to account for the influence of topography on extreme rainfall, the geographical orientation of the variables reflecting the prevailing direction of rain-bearing weather systems. The different processes of short and long-duration extreme rainfall are accounted for by separate regression models. The technique of georegression combines estimates from regression models with a map of correction factors interpolated between raingauge locations using the geostatistical method of kriging, to produce final maps of RMED across the UK.
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Sokolova, Olga, Nadezhda Goncharova, and Pavel Letov. "Problems and Prospects for the Development of the UK Banking System in the Process of New Industrialization and Digitalization." SHS Web of Conferences 93 (2021): 05017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219305017.
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The gist of this article boils down to the development of British banking system in the conditions of new industrialization and digitalization. The banking system of Great Britain is characterized by a high degree of concentration and specialization of banking, a well-developed banking infrastructure, and a close connection with the international loan capital market. London is the world's oldest financial center. The English banking system has the world's widest network of overseas branches. The UK banking system is relatively independent from the credit systems of the European Union. Nevertheless, banking legislation is focused on the unification of banking law within the European Community and supervision of banking activities. In the context of the global financial crisis, the UK banking system, as in other countries, has been severely tested. The most important trend in the development of the UK banking system is the blurring of boundaries between certain types of credit institutions. The subject of the research is the UK banking system in the context of new industrialization and digitalization.
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Oleszkiewicz, A., M. Geringer d'Oedenberg, and J. Chapman. "Experience in controlling Asellus aquaticus in water distribution systems." Water Supply 1, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2001.0040.
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Asellus aquaticus is one of the nuisance organisms found in water distribution systems. Case studies of operations aimed at control of this crustacean and its disinfestation, carried out in two water distribution networks: in Pevensey Bay (Eastbourne, UK) and in Gdansk (Poland), are presented. Raw water reservoir receiving surface water was the source of infestation in Pevensey Bay. In Gdansk A. aquaticus probably penetrated the water distribution system with surface water getting into a leaky collecting well receiving groundwater from a chalk aquifer. The presence of organic matter in water entering the systems seemed to favour the infestation. Chemical treatment with pyrethrins (Pevensey Bay) and peracetic acid/hydrogen peroxide preparation (Gdansk) was used. The concentration of pyrethrins was 10 (g/dm3 and the average dose of peracetic acid was 4 mg/dm3. Both chemical treatments were found quite effective, however, some sections of the (much larger than Pevensey Bay) distribution network in Gdansk were not completely cleaned of the infestation.
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Crabtree, Thomas S. J., Pratik Choudhary, Alistair Lumb, Peter Hammond, A. McLay, Fiona Campbell, Sze M. Ng, Emma G. Wilmot, and Sufyan Hussain. "Association of British Clinical Diabetologists, Diabetes Technology Network UK and Association of Children’s Diabetes Clinicians Survey of UK Healthcare Professional Attitudes Towards Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery Systems." Diabetes Therapy 13, no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-022-01203-5.
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Basuony, Mohamed A. K., Ehab K. A. Mohamed, and Khaled Samaha. "Board structure and corporate disclosure via social media: an empirical study in the UK." Online Information Review 42, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 595–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-01-2017-0013.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of board structure on voluntary corporate disclosure via social media among the top 150 companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.Design/methodology/approachA disclosure index comprising of a set of items that encompass two facets of disclosure, namely corporate disclosure via social networks and social media sites, is developed and used. Binary logistic regression is used to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThe results of this study reveal the underlying relations between board composition and control variables as the determining factors of corporate disclosure, i.e. board size, board activism, board independence and board diversity (gender and ethnicity). The gender of the board can affect the corporate disclosure via a social network. The results of this study indicate that an increase in the number of female in the board members leads to higher corporate disclosure using social network. Moreover, firm size has a positive effect on corporate disclosure indicating that large firms tend to disclose more information on their websites and social networks.Practical implicationsThe paper provides new insights into the role played by the non-executive female directors in monitoring and controlling managerial processes related to corporate disclosure using social media.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that examines the role of board structure in monitoring and controlling management decisions and managerial processes in the area of corporate disclosure via social media.
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Mounce, S. R., E. J. M. Blokker, S. P. Husband, W. R. Furnass, P. G. Schaap, and J. B. Boxall. "Multivariate data mining for estimating the rate of discolouration material accumulation in drinking water distribution systems." Journal of Hydroinformatics 18, no. 1 (January 21, 2015): 96–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2015.140.
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Particulate material accumulates over time as cohesive layers on internal pipeline surfaces in water distribution systems (WDS). When mobilised, this material can cause discolouration. This paper explores factors expected to be involved in this accumulation process. Two complementary machine learning methodologies are applied to significant amounts of real world field data from both a qualitative and a quantitative perspective. First, Kohonen self-organising maps were used for integrative and interpretative multivariate data mining of potential factors affecting accumulation. Second, evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR), a hybrid data-driven technique, was applied that combines genetic algorithms with numerical regression for developing easily interpretable mathematical model expressions. EPR was used to explore producing novel simple expressions to highlight important accumulation factors. Three case studies are presented: UK national and two Dutch local studies. The results highlight bulk water iron concentration, pipe material and looped network areas as key descriptive parameters for the UK study. At the local level, a significantly increased third data set allowed K-fold cross validation. The mean cross validation coefficient of determination was 0.945 for training data and 0.930 for testing data for an equation utilising amount of material mobilised and soil temperature for estimating daily regeneration rate. The approach shows promise for developing transferable expressions usable for pro-active WDS management.
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Del Olmo, Gonzalo, Natalia Malinowski, Geoffrey J. Puzon, Matthew J. Morgan, Carolina Calero, and Isabel Douterelo. "Biofilm and Related Amoebas in an UK Chlorinated Drinking Water System." Water 13, no. 21 (November 2, 2021): 3069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13213069.
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Drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) can host pathogenic amoebae, but the role of biofilms in supporting the occurrence of these organisms needs to be fully explored in the UK systems. The presence of amoebae and associated bacteria in biofilms attached to inner pipe surfaces was studied in an experimental full-scale chlorinated distribution system in the UK. Quantitative polymerase change reaction (qPCR) was used to identify and quantify amoebae, whilst the bacterial communities in the biofilms were characterised by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Despite the maintenance of a chlorine residual in the network (free chlorine ≥ 0.24 mg/L), several species of amoebae belonging to the genera Acanthamoeba, Vermamoeba, and Naegleria were identified in 30-day-old biofilm samples; however, no amoebae were detected in the water samples analysed. The dominant bacterial communities present in the biofilm samples were Variovorax, Pseudomonas, and Aquabacterium. These results indicate that the biofilm samples contained potential pathogenic amoebae and bacteria, such as Acanthamoeba and Pseudomonas, respectively, which implies a potential public health risk if the biofilms are mobilised into the bulk water. Several of the amoebae identified in this study are able to support the presence of resistant bacteria that can remain viable within these prokaryotic organisms until they reach people’s taps. The identification of the microorganisms associated with the pathogenic amoeba species in biofilms could be used to improve the surveillance of DWDS in order to protect public health.
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Ellisman, M., T. Hutton, A. Kirkland, A. Lin, C. Lin, T. Molina, S. Peltier, et al. "The OptIPuter microscopy demonstrator: enabling science through a transatlantic lightpath." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1898 (July 13, 2009): 2645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0058.
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The OptIPuter microscopy demonstrator project has been designed to enable concurrent and remote usage of world-class electron microscopes located in Oxford and San Diego. The project has constructed a network consisting of microscopes and computational and data resources that are all connected by a dedicated network infrastructure using the UK Lightpath and US Starlight systems. Key science drivers include examples from both materials and biological science. The resulting system is now a permanent link between the Oxford and San Diego microscopy centres. This will form the basis of further projects between the sites and expansion of the types of systems that can be remotely controlled, including optical, as well as electron, microscopy. Other improvements will include the updating of the Microsoft cluster software to the high performance computing (HPC) server 2008, which includes the HPC basic profile implementation that will enable the development of interoperable clients.
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Calafell, Jordi, and Martin Pyne. "In-vehicle Traffic Information Systems in Europe: Never Mind the (Band)Width, Feel the Quality." Journal of Navigation 54, no. 3 (September 2001): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463301001527.
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The ever-increasing number of vehicles on the road has created a serious demand for traffic information not only on the move but also at the planning stage of a journey. While on the move, the driver will be able to re-route his/her journey avoiding traffic congestion, but this information could be even more valuable before starting the journey. Today there are differences between the three main ITS markets (USA, Japan and Europe). Japan is leading the way, with the introduction in 1995 of the Vehicle Information Communication System (VICS), which is a free service. Vehicles are equipped with VICS receivers taking information from a network of road beacons installed on main roads, transmitting traffic flows by infrared rays, wave beacons, and FM multiplex broadcast. Europe has been involved in driver information systems from the early '90s when RDS was developed, which is another free service, and most of the car radios sold in Europe are able to process RDS signals. Since then, new free services have been developed – for example, RDS-TMC. In the UK, the private sector has been heavily involved recently, its major player being Trafficmaster. The Trafficmaster system is based on a network of traffic detection sensors, which covers all major UK motorways and most of the major A roads, with plans to expand into the continent. Trafficmaster collects road traffic flows and disseminates this information to its subscribers via a range of technologies, including GSM. The quality of the information supplied by the free and subscription services can be improved by being fully integrated with on-board navigation systems and by providing more detailed and wider types of information. All current methods are described/analysed and compared in this paper, with future enhancement highlighted. One of the main limitations lies in current data transmission routes, which are not fast enough to support the data required for an optimal use of the system. Some technologies available will potentially allow the many service providers to transmit information.
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Cotterill, Sarah, and Louise J. Bracken. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS): Interventions, Impacts and Challenges." Water 12, no. 11 (November 12, 2020): 3160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113160.
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Sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) can be a key tool in the management of extremes of rainfall, due to their capacity to attenuate and treat surface water. Yet, implementation is a complex process, requiring buy-in from multiple stakeholders. Buy-in is often undermined by a lack of practical evidence and monitoring of implemented SuDS. In this paper, we present a collaborative case study between a local authority, university and the UK Environment Agency. This partnership approach enabled the installation of SuDS and monitoring equipment to address surface runoff in the north east of England. Ultrasonic sensors were installed in the drainage network to evaluate the attenuation of surface water. SuDS were installed during an atypically wet spring, followed by a hot and dry summer, providing a range of conditions to assess their performance. Results demonstrate that there was a statistically significant difference in the detected flow level in manholes downstream of the SuDS interventions. Several challenges occurred, from signal obstacles in wireless telecommunication services, to logistical constraints of installing sensors in the drainage network, and issues with the adoption of property level SuDS. These issues require further research. Qualitative support for partnership working was crucial to increase the capacity for delivering SuDS. To ensure the success of future schemes and likelihood of SuDS uptake, partnership working and engaging with communities is vital.
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Hall, Stephen, Andrew EG Jonas, Simon Shepherd, and Zia Wadud. "The smart grid as commons: Exploring alternatives to infrastructure financialisation." Urban Studies 56, no. 7 (September 11, 2018): 1386–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018784146.
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This article explores a tension between financialisation of electricity infrastructures and efforts to bring critical urban systems into common ownership. Focusing on the emerging landscape of electricity regulation and e-mobility in the United Kingdom (UK), it examines how electricity grid ownership has become financialised, and why the economic assumptions that enabled this financialisation are being called into question. New technologies, such as smart electricity meters and electric vehicles, provide cities with new tools to tackle poor air quality and greenhouse gas emissions. Electricity grids are key enabling infrastructures but the companies that run them do not get rewarded for improving air quality or tackling climate change. UK government regulation of electricity grids both enables financialisation and forecloses opportunities to manage the infrastructure for wider environmental and public benefit. Nonetheless, the addition of smart devices to this network – the ‘smart grid’ – opens up an opportunity for common ownership of the infrastructure. Transforming the smart grid into commons necessitates deep structural reform to the entire architecture of infrastructure regulation in the UK.
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Hussain, Nazmul, Hai H. Wang, Christopher D. Buckingham, and Xiaoyuan Zhang. "Software Agent-Centric Semantic Social Network for Cyber-Physical Interaction and Collaboration." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 30, no. 06 (June 2020): 859–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194020400100.
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Considerable research has recently focused on integrating cyber-physical systems in a social context. However, several challenges remain concerning appropriate methodologies, frameworks and techniques for supporting socio-cyber-physical collaboration. Existing systems do not recognize how cyber-physical resources can be socially connected so that they interact in collaborative decision-making like humans. Furthermore, the lack of semantic representations for heterogeneous cyber-social-collaborative networks limits integration, interoperability and knowledge discovery from their underlying data sources. Semantic Web ontology models can help to overcome this limitation by semantically describing and interconnecting cyber-physical objects and human participants in a social space. This research addresses the establishment of both cyber-physical and human relationships and their interactions within a social-collaborative network. We discuss how nonhuman resources can be represented as socially connected nodes and utilized by software agents. A software agent-centric Semantic Social-Collaborative Network (SSCN) is then presented that provides functionality to represent and manage cyber-physical resources in a social network. It is supported by an extended ontology model for semantically describing human and nonhuman resources and their social interactions. A software agent has been implemented to perform some actions on behalf of the nonhuman resources to achieve cyber-physical collaboration. It is demonstrated within a real-world decision support system, GRiST (www.egrist.org), used by mental-health services in the UK.
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Bennett, Devon, Hamid Jahankhani, Mohammad Dastbaz, and Hossein Jahankhani. "A Secure Hybrid Network Solution to Enhance the Resilience of the UK Government National Critical Infrastructure TETRA Deployment." International Journal of Information Security and Privacy 5, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisp.2011010101.
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In developed economies, electronic communication infrastructures are crucial for daily public, private, and business interactions. Cellular systems are extensively used for business communications, private interaction, and in some cases, public information services, via such uses as mass SMS messaging. The Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) is at the core of all communications platforms. It was used primarily for voice communication purposes, but with current technological advances, this platform has been transformed from a voice to voice interface to a web enabled multimedia platform that provides commercial, business, and e-commerce services to the public. In response to the September 11, 2001, terrorist acts in New York City, the UK government introduced a policy of separating and transferring all emergency communication traffic from the PSTN to a digital public safety network based on the TETRA architecture. This paper extends the utilisation of the TETRA deployment by discussing a secure MANET hybrid solution for use in extreme situations as a short/mid-term EMS organisational communication platform for emergency and rescue operations.
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Terrin, Jean-Jacques. "High Speed Railway Hubs in European Medium-Sized Cities: The Case of the ENTER.HUB Network." Open Transportation Journal 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801610010119.
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This contribution relates to the ENTER.HUB project implemented between 2012 and 2015 in the framework of the European URBACT II programme$. ENTER.HUB involved twelve medium-sized cities fitting into Trans-European Transport Networks (TENT-T) corridors, realizing or forecasting a High Speed Railway (HSR) Hub and planning multimodal interfaces of regional relevance. The ENTER.HUB project questioned the role of HSR Hubs in integrated urban development and in economic, social and cultural regeneration. The cities participating to ENTER.HUB network had in common to be in the process of redefining their territorial mobility systems, expecting that a Hub infrastructure would reinforce their links to other national and European cities, narrow their citizens and enterprises to diverse regional and interregional activities, and strength their connectivity from local to European level. The major objective of this project was to help these medium-sized cities to become more competitive and improve their mobility systems in connection with the HSR Hub to come. The twelve cities composing the ENTER HUB network are: Reggio Emilia (Italy), Lead Partner; IMPEFE - Ciudad Real (Spain); Creil Agglomeration (France); Gdynia (Poland); Girona (Spain); Łódź (Poland); Lugano (Switzerland); Örebro Region (Sweden); Porto (Portugal); Preston (UK); Rostock (Germany); Ulm (Germany).
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Hu, Jiming, and Yin Zhang. "Structure and patterns of cross-national Big Data research collaborations." Journal of Documentation 73, no. 6 (October 9, 2017): 1119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-12-2016-0146.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal the structure and patterns of cross-national collaborations in Big Data research through application of various social network analysis and geographical visualization methods. Design/methodology/approach The sample includes articles containing Big Data research, covering all years, in the Web of Science Core Collection as of December 2015. First, co-occurrence data representing collaborations among nations were extracted from author affiliations. Second, the descriptive statistics, network indicators of collaborations, and research communities were calculated. Third, topological network maps, geographical maps integrated with topological network projections, and proportional maps were produced for visualization. Findings The results show that the scope of international collaborations in Big Data research is broad, but the distribution among nations is unbalanced and fragmented. The USA, China, and the UK were identified as the major contributors to this research area. Five research communities are identified, led by the USA, China, Italy, South Korea, and Brazil. Collaborations within each community vary, reflecting different levels of research development. The visualizations show that nations advance in Big Data research are centralized in North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. Originality/value This study applied various informetric methods and tools to reveal the collaboration structure and patterns among nations in Big Data research. Visualized maps help shed new light on global research efforts.
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Sato, Carlos Eduardo Yamasaki. "Developing Organisational Capabilities through Customer-Led Systems Integration Projects: The Case of the Major Project BT 21st Century Network in the UK." Revista de Gestão e Projetos 08, no. 02 (August 1, 2017): 36–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/gep.v8i2.518.
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Gaille, Marie, and Ruth Horn. "The ethics of genomic medicine: redefining values and norms in the UK and France." European Journal of Human Genetics 29, no. 5 (January 17, 2021): 780–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41431-020-00798-2.
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AbstractThis paper presents a joint position of the UK-France Genomics and Ethics Network (UK-FR GENE), which has been set up to reflect on the ethical and social issues arising from the integration of genomics into routine clinical care in the UK and France. In 2018, the two countries announced enhanced cooperation between their national strategies, Genomics England and Plan France Médecine Génomique 2025, which offers a unique opportunity to study the impact of genomic medicine and relevant policies in different national contexts. The paper provides first insights into the two national strategies and the norms, values and principles at stake in each country. It discusses the impact of genomic medicine on established relationships and existing regulations, and examines its effects on solidarity and trust in public healthcare systems. Finally, it uses the social contract as an analytical lens to explore and redefine the balance between individual rights and collective duties in the context of genomic medicine. This paper leads to three key observations: (1) despite each country’s strategy being at a different stage of implementation, the two countries face similar ethical issues; (2) each country tries to solve these issues by (re-)defining individual rights and collective duties in its own way; (3) the social contract presents a useful tool to analyse the ways the UK and France address the ethical challenges raised by genomics. This overview lays the groundwork for future in-depth comparison, and drive collaborative research, between the UK and France.
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Mahapatra, Namita, and Jyotshna Sahoo. "Highly cited articles in social sciences: an analytical study." Library Hi Tech News 38, no. 10 (December 7, 2021): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-01-2021-0001.
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Purpose This paper aims at analyzing the distinctive characteristics of highly cited articles (HCAs) in the domain of Social Sciences with respect to chronological growth pattern, productive journals, authorship pattern, prolific authors, top institutions and leading countries, network among institutions and top ranked keywords in social science research. Design/methodology/approach The required data has been retrieved from Scopus indexing database and further refined using various limits like document types, subject coverage and total citations, and finally, 839 articles were selected for detail analysis. A set of bibliometric indicators were used to make a quantitative analysis, whereas VOSviewer software tool was used to visualize the institutional network and keywords mapping of the HCAs. Findings This study revealed that highest number of HCAs (371) were published during the decade 2001–2010. Degree of collaboration, collaborative index and collaborative coefficient were observed to be 0.513, 1.98 and 0.988, respectively. The highly cited papers were emanated from 397 journals, contributed by 1,556 authors from 1,326 institutions placed in 46 countries. Social Science and Medicine was the most productive journal; J. Urry of Lancaster University, UK, was the most influential author; the USA, the UK and Canada are the torchbearers in social science research. The paper entitled “Five misunderstandings about case-study research,” authored by B. Flyvbjerg, published in 2006 in Qualitative Inquiry, received highest 4,730 citations. Originality/value The primary value of this paper lies in extending an understanding of the characteristics of HCAs in the domain of social sciences. It will provide an insight to the researchers to get acquainted with the most influential authors, journals, institutions, countries and major thrust areas of research in social sciences.
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Sawassi, Aymen, and Roula Khadra. "Bibliometric Network Analysis of “Water Systems’ Adaptation to Climate Change Uncertainties”: Concepts, Approaches, Gaps, and Opportunities." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 6738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126738.
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In response to the impact of climate change and to the uncertainties associated with the various dimensions of hydrologic variability, water systems’ adaptation has risen to the top of global agendas. In accordance, identifying the additional science needed to improve our understanding of climate change and its impacts, including the scientific advances needed to improve the effectiveness of actions taken to adapt water systems, is of the utmost importance. To this aim, this research draws on a systematic bibliometric study of data, generated from the Web of Science research engine between 1990 and 2019, combined with a statistical analysis, to explore academic publication trends, and identify the strategic gaps and opportunities in global scientific research. The analysis shows the consistent level of national and international collaboration among authors, institutions, and countries, and highlights the substantial contribution of the USA and the UK to this research field. The statistical examination shows that the adaptation-informed literature on water systems remains fragmented, and predominantly centred on the framing of water resource planning and management, in addition to water engineering and infrastructure. The analysis also revealed a relatively skewed understanding of various important dimensions, such as governance, integrated water resources management, and stakeholder engagement, which are crucial for planning and implementing an efficient adaptation process. Observations reflect on the need to build water-related adaptive approaches based on a thorough understanding of potential climate uncertainties, rather than to generically address all the uncertainties in one scenario analysis. These approaches are required to combine short and longterm actions rather than considering only current and short-term measures, and to similarly associate policy and engineering, and equally consider the robustness, flexibility, reliability, and vulnerability during the planning phase.