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McCarthy, Melissa. "The RIDBC Telepractice Training Protocol: A Model for Meeting ASHA Roles and Responsibilities." Perspectives on Telepractice 3, no. 2 (September 2013): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/teles3.2.49.
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Telepractice continues to emerge as an acceptable alternative to the provision of in-person services in the fields of speech-language pathology and audiology. In Australia, the Royal Institute for Deaf and Blind Children (RIDBC) has been using telepractice for more than 10 years to meet the needs of children who are deaf and hard of hearing. In order to ensure that the quality of services provided via telepractice is equivalent to that of services provided in-person, RIDBC designed a comprehensive telepractice training protocol. The four-module program corresponds to the roles and responsibilities outlined by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), and include topics related to the technology, methodology, and pedagogy of working in a telepractice model. The RIDBC training protocol demonstrates one method of supporting practitioners to develop the necessary skills to effectively deliver services via telepractice.
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Power, M. R., D. Power, and L. Horstmanshof. "Deaf People Communicating via SMS, TTY, Relay Service, Fax, and Computers in Australia." Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 12, no. 1 (August 17, 2006): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/deafed/enl016.
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Chater, Alan B. "Looking after health care in the bush." Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080313.
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LOOKING AFTER health care in rural Australia involves providing adequate services to meet the urgent and non-urgent needs of rural patients in a timely, cost-effective and safe manner. The very provision of these services requires an appropriate workforce and facilities in rural areas. This provides challenges for clinicians, administrators and medical educators. While preventive medicine has made some significant gains globally in reducing the need for acute care and hospitalisation in some areas of medicine such as infectious disease and asthma, these demands have been replaced by an increase in trauma, chronic disease and mental illness1 which, with an ageing population, eventually means presentations at an older age which can require hospitalisation. Rural patients have always had to deal with a relative undersupply of health practitioners. Rural people have coped valiantly with this. The legendary stoicism of rural people has been shown by Schrapnel2 and Davies to be a prominent feature of the rural personality. This both allowed them to cope with lack of services and to suffer in silence while their health status fell below the Australian average.3 Rural Australians use fewer Medicare services and see the doctor less per annum than the Australian average.
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Whiley, H., E. Willis, J. Smith, and K. Ross. "Environmental health in Australia: overlooked and underrated." Journal of Public Health 41, no. 3 (October 5, 2018): 470–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy156.
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Abstract Improvements in environmental health have had the most significant impact on health status. In Australia, life expectancy has significantly increased through provision of vaccination, safe food and drinking water, appropriate sewage disposal and other environmental health measures. Yet the profession that is instrumental in delivering environmental health services at the local community level is overlooked. Rarely featuring in mainstream media, the successes of Environmental Health Officers (EHOs) are invisible to the general public. As a consequence, students entering university are unaware of the profession and its significant role in society. This has resulted in there being too few EHOs to meet the current regulatory requirements, much less deal with the emerging environmental health issues arising as a consequence of changing global conditions including climate change. To futureproof Australian society and public health this workforce issue, and the associated oversight of environmental health must be addressed now.
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Day, Gary. "Book Review: The Australian health care system." Australian Health Review 32, no. 2 (2008): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080371.
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THIS IS THE THIRD edition of one of the seminal local texts on the Australian health care system. Over the last seven years, this text has proved a basis for helping students, casual readers and health professionals understand Australia?s sometimes difficult to understand health care system. The text is divided into ten chapters that deal with key aspects of Australia?s health care system, namely: � Frameworks for analysis � The Australian population and its health � Financing health care � The health workforce � Departmental and intergovernmental structures � Hospitals � Public health � Primary and community care � Pharmaceuticals � Policy challenges for the Australian health care system. There are several key reasons why this text has been widely used in the past and will continue to be of value well into the future. The author has been able to accurately describe the complexities of the Australian health care system in an easily digestible way. This is a feat in itself and worthy of praise. There is an appropriate use of tables and figures to support the written content. Finally, the author provides excellent conclusions that bring together the salient points and issues in each chapter. The publisher promotes that this edition includes new material on health workforce, patient safety and medical and health insurance. The Australian health care system delivers on this claim, providing useful insights and a deeper understanding of the issues that confront the future direction and delivery of health services in this country. This text is a useful addition to any library as well as a staple for students needing to more clearly understand the complexities and challenges of the Australian health care system. My only suggestion is that the text could have been enhanced by the inclusion of revision or reflective questions at the end of each chapter. In summary, a must-have as part of a good health-related library.
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Rynn, J. M. W., E. Brennan, P. R. Hughes, I. S. Pedersen, and H. J. Stuart. "The 1989 Newcastle, Australia, earthquake." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 25, no. 2 (June 30, 1992): 77–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.25.2.77-144.
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The vulnerability of urban environments in continental regions to earthquake forces was explicitly demonstrated in Australia's devastating Newcastle earthquake on December 28, 1989. This moderately-sized earthquake of Richter magnitude ML 5.6 (Moment magnitude M 5.3) claimed 13 lives, damaged more than 70,000 properties and left an estimated total loss of about $AU (1991) 4 billion. The need for an earthquake mitigation programme in Australia was thus clearly established. It is for this reason that a multidisciplinary approach involving seismology, geology, engineering, insurance, local government and emergency services is being followed to study this event and its consequences.
The earthquake source is defined as being on a thrust fault trending NW-SE dipping 75° to the NE, with a depth of focus at 11.5 km, source radius of 1.86 km, stress drop of at least 24 bars and a displacement along the rupture surface of at least 310 mm. The epicentre is located at 32.95°S, 151.61°E close to Boolaroo, about 15 km SW of the City of Newcastle, and with an epicentral error of about + 15 km. More than 100,000 observations from damage and felt reports are being analysed and integrated with the wide experiences gained in the rescue, recovery and renewal phases that have extended over the two years since the event.
The specific issue of the geotechnical aspects is of great importance. It is being considered from the view of urban geology (surface alluvial sediments), rather than from theoretical considerations, to explain the major extent of building damage on the alluvial areas, amplification and liquefaction. Apart from the immediate "causes" of damage, serious consideration is being given to the long-term effects which have resulted in the latent and recurrent defects to buildings. The engineering findings from the Newcastle earthquake are discussed in detail. While it is uneconomical and not necessary to design a structure to withstand the greatest likely earthquake without damage in Australia, the cost of providing strength to resist very high intensity loads must be weighed against the importance of the structure and probability of the earthquakes, particularly in areas such as this with relatively little known seismic histories. Lessons for local government authorities who had not previously considered seismic activity are addressed. Based on the response and recovery of the City of Newcastle, the lessons include the development of a recovery management plan, revision of building regulations and the requirements for hazard mitigation. Unfortunately, several misconceptions about some aspects of the consequences of this earthquake have arisen. These concern the limitations of some analyses, use of selected data sets rather than all the available data and apparent lack of understanding of complex, rather than singular, causal relationships. Implications for the engineering, insurance and possibly the legal professions need to be considered.
The potential to reduce losses in future earthquakes in Australia through an earthquake mitigation programme is now an achievable goal. The scenarios of such an event occurring at a different time or in a different city can be addressed, based on the Newcastle and other international experiences. Sufficient information is available to prepare the revised Australian earthquake loading code as a reliable and practical document for use by engineers. The consequences of the 1989 Newcastle earthquake have also captured the interest of researchers from many other continental areas of the Earth who must consider preparations for similar situations. All aspects of the study ultimately lead to the preparedness of urban communities to deal with such consequences with the assistance of emergency services agencies to minimize the social and economic traumas that will inevitably occur.
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Cadet, PhD, Tamara, Cindy Davis, PhD, Patricia Wilson, MHealth, BCouns, RN, and Jacinta Elks, RN. "The Experiences of Touch Therapies in Symptom Management of Rural and Regional Cancer Patients in Australia." International Journal of Therapeutic Massage & Bodywork: Research, Education, & Practice 15, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3822/ijtmb.v15i1.687.
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Introduction: Cancer patients are increasingly combining touch therapies (e.g., remedial massage, lymphatic massage, and/or reflexology) with conventional treatments to deal with the impact of their cancer and treatments on their physical and mental well-being. To understand the impact of integrative oncology services on cancer patients, it is essential to explore the impact that various types of integrative oncology services have on cancer patients. Aims: This paper presents cancer patients’ experiences with touch therapies in a community-based cancer support center and to identify opportunities for better access to these practices and service provision in Australia. Methods: A random selection of cancer patients (n=36) receiving touch therapies at a rural/regional community cancer center completed mixed-methods mail surveys regarding the use of touch therapies, their satisfaction, and the impact on pain, fatigue, nausea and overall well-being. Results: Findings indicated that these services helped manage both physical and emotional symptoms. Of the participants experiencing pain and fatigue, findings revealed that touch therapies assisted with pain in 90% of participants and with fatigue in 70%. Conclusion: Given the increased and continued use of touch therapies by individuals with cancer, cancer centers should consider establishing touch therapy services or provide referrals to touch therapy services that can assist with symptom management and improve quality care. By more clearly understanding the benefits of the different types of integrative oncology interventions, patients with cancer receive more tailored and effective interventions throughout of their cancer journey.
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Leggat, Sandra G. "The Australian social inclusion agenda." Australian Health Review 32, no. 3 (2008): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080379.
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LAST MONTH we saw the first meeting of the Australia Social Inclusion Board. Members of the Board ? Ms Patricia Faulkner, Monsignor David Cappo, Ms Elleni Bereded-Samuel, Dr Ngaire Brown, Mr Eddie McGuire, Mr Ahmed Fahour, Professor Fiona Stanley and others ? are charged with ensuring that every Australian has the opportunity to be a full participant in the life of the nation.1 In government terms, this means all Australians have the opportunity to: secure a job; access services; connect with family, friends, work, personal interests and local community; deal with personal crisis; and have their voices heard.2 Monsignor Cappo has defined a socially inclusive society as ?one where all people feel valued, their differences are respected, and their basic needs are met so they can live in dignity?.3 This issue of the journal explores social inclusion from health care perspectives.
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Latimer, Paul, and Michael Duffy. "Deconstructing Digital Currency and Its Risks: Why ASIC Must Rise to the Regulatory Challenge." Federal Law Review 47, no. 1 (March 2019): 121–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x18816237.
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Digital currency is a ‘disrupter’ of financial services and currency markets, and as such presents new regulatory challenges. International regulatory responses to digital currency range from being largely ignored in some jurisdictions to being banned in others, with most jurisdictions charting a middle course of ‘wait and see’ while attempting to deal with pressing issues (such as taxation liability and potential money laundering and terrorism financing issues). This article explains digital currency, its benefits, its problems, its risks and the regulatory response so far. It analyses the extent to which the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC, the national securities regulator) may or may not have regulatory power and jurisdiction under existing Australian law, and the role of other relevant regulators and institutions. It concludes that digital currency may well be a ‘financial product’ under Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) s 763A (though many suppliers/issuers of that product will be website operators located outside Australia). If it is a financial product, ASIC would also have jurisdiction over issuers and markets that trade in that product. This conclusion could easily be fortified by legislative confirmation; however, it is suggested that ASIC should in all events test its powers to determine whether any legislative change is needed. Regulation by ASIC would add to recent moves to deal with digital currency by the Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (AUSTRAC) and the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). In all cases, this article argues that the time has come for Commonwealth regulation of digital currencies by ASIC as the relevant regulator. This would then trigger the obligations set out in the Corporations Act and the ASIC Act, including Australian Financial Services Licensing, Australian Market Licensing, standards of efficiency, honesty and fairness, disclosure provisions, possible market offences and corporate regulation generally. The suggested jurisdiction of ASIC would build on its existing role as well as the roles of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, the ATO and AUSTRAC.
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Frewen, Amie R., and Jan Copeland. "Are Australian Treatment Agencies Equipped to Deal With Rising Numbers of Presentations for Cannabis Issues?" Journal of Tropical Psychology 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jtp.1.1.27.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate drug and alcohol work-force issues related to the treatment of cannabis use and related problems in Australia. Method: A postal or online questionnaire of randomly selected drug and alcohol clinicians (n = 179) across Australia. Results: A total of 53 clinicians (30%) completed surveys. Results indicated that staff in metropolitan services tended to have higher qualifications than rural and regional agencies. Access to ongoing training and clinical supervision could be improved, with approximately one third of staff having not received training in the last five years, and nearly one in five agencies not offering regular clinical supervision. Preferred options for the further development of cannabis treatments included support for medications and specific cannabis outpatient clinics. Discussion: To adequately assist with the consequences of cannabis use frontline workers need to be adequately supported to deliver evidenced based interventions.
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Luntz, Harold. "Compensation for Loss of an Economic Nature : An Australian Perspective." Dommages-intérêts / assurance 39, no. 2-3 (April 12, 2005): 491–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/043501ar.
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This paper first describes briefly the scope of the no-fault motor accident schemes which operate in Australia. It then sets out and evaluates the benefits payable under each for losses of an economic nature. These are benefits for hospital, medical, nursing, rehabilitation and like needs created by injuries in a motor accident ; for informal nursing services and assistance in the home, the need for which is similarly created ; for loss of earning capacity resulting from such accidents ; and for death so resulting. It does not deal with benefits for loss of a non-economic nature, such as pain and suffering (for which, as such, compensation is not generally payable under the schemes) and impairment. It nevertheless concludes that most benefits for loss of an economic nature should be integrated with the Australian social security system and that the true role of a no-fault scheme is to compensate for permanent impairment, since there is no general disability benefit payable under the social security system.
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Maynard, R. "INDIRECT TAXATION IN AUSTRALIA—WHERE ARE WE?" APPEA Journal 47, no. 1 (2007): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj06034.
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Despite some effort at tax reform in Australia, industry still has to deal with a number of indirect taxes including: goods and services tax (GST); customs and excise duties; fuel tax credits; payroll and other employment taxes; and, stamp duties.While most of these imposts have been around for some time in one form or another, many changes have occurred in the administration of them—some under the banner of reform or streamlining, some subtle and some extensive.This paper seeks to summarise some of the main indirect tax issues that remain to be resolved or have emerged. For example, GST, which has now been in operation for more than six years, has a number of significant interpretive issues that are yet to be finally determined. The Mining and Energy Industry Partnership Issues Register still lists ‘Supply of Going Concerns: Farm Ins and Farm Outs’ as an unresolved issue. While the main problems are not so much with the ‘going concerns’ side but rather with non-monetary consideration, and tend to be in the hard rock mining sector, there is a renewed focus from both an income tax and GST perspective that has the potential to alter some long-held positions. Managing the petroleum industry’s position through this process will be important. In the case of the Government’s much-heralded fuel tax credits scheme, which has the stated aim of reducing taxes on business inputs, the changes in the early years offer little in the way of reductions for most businesses.
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Bayer, Jordana K., and Marilyn Y. Peay. "Predicting Intentions to Seek Help from Professional Mental Health Services." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 4 (August 1997): 504–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709065072.
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Objective: This study investigates the factors related to the intention to seek professional help for psychological problems utilising Ajzen and Fishbein's theory of reasoned action [1,2]. Many of the variables identified in previous studies can be subsumed within this theory, which emphasises the importance of the subjective point of view of the individual. Method: One hundred and forty-two patients waiting for consultations at a community based general practice completed a questionnaire designed to assess the components of this theory as they relate to seeking help from mental health professionals. Results: The results of this study supported the prediction of the intention to seek help from a mental health professional from the variables ‘attitude toward the behaviour’ and ‘subjective norm’. However, personal attitudes toward seeking help were found to be more important than the approval or disapproval of significant others in predicting help-seeking intentions. Conclusions: Overall, the findings indicate that a significant factor influencing people's decisions to utilise professional mental health services in Australia may be the belief that mental health professionals are not actually able to provide a great deal of help or support for people's difficulties.
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Smith, Erin, Michella Hill, Cameron Anderson, Moira Sim, Alecka Miles, David Reid, and Brennen Mills. "Lived Experience of Emergency Health Care Utilization during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 36, no. 6 (October 8, 2021): 691–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x21001126.
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AbstractIntroduction:As the understanding of health care worker lived experience during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) grows, the experiences of those utilizing emergency health care services (EHS) during the pandemic are yet to be fully appreciated.Study Objective:The objective of this research was to explore lived experience of EHS utilization in Victoria, Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 through March 2021.Methods:An explorative qualitative design underpinned by a phenomenological approach was applied. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Colaizzi’s approach.Results:Qualitative data were collected from 67 participants aged from 32 to 78-years-of-age (average age of 52). Just over one-half of the research participants were male (54%) and three-quarters lived in metropolitan regions (75%). Four key themes emerged from data analysis: (1) Concerns regarding exposure and infection delayed EHS utilization among participants with chronic health conditions; (2) Participants with acute health conditions expressed concern regarding the impact of COVID-19 on their care, but continued to access services as required; (3) Participants caring for people with sensory and developmental disabilities identified unique communication needs during interactions with EHS during the COVID-19 pandemic; communicating with emergency health care workers wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) was identified as a key challenge, with face masks reported as especially problematic for people who are deaf or hard-of-hearing; and (4) Children and older people also experienced communication challenges associated with PPE, and the need for connection with emergency health care workers was important for positive lived experience during interactions with EHS throughout the pandemic.Conclusion:This research provides an important insight into the lived experience of EHS utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic, a perspective currently lacking in the published peer-reviewed literature.
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Farugia, Taya L., Carla Cuni-Lopez, and Anthony R. White. "Potential Impacts of Extreme Heat and Bushfires on Dementia." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 79, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 969–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-201388.
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Australia often experiences natural disasters and extreme weather conditions such as: flooding, sandstorms, heatwaves, and bushfires (also known as wildfires or forest fires). The proportion of the Australian population aged 65 years and over is increasing, alongside the severity and frequency of extreme weather conditions and natural disasters. Extreme heat can affect the entire population but particularly at the extremes of life, and patients with morbidities. Frequently identified as a vulnerable demographic in natural disasters, there is limited research on older adults and their capacity to deal with extreme heat and bushfires. There is a considerable amount of literature that suggests a significant association between mental disorders such as dementia, and increased vulnerability to extreme heat. The prevalence rate for dementia is estimated at 30%by age 85 years, but there has been limited research on the effects extreme heat and bushfires have on individuals living with dementia. This review explores the differential diagnosis of dementia, the Australian climate, and the potential impact Australia’s extreme heat and bushfires have on individuals from vulnerable communities including low socioeconomic status Indigenous and Non-Indigenous populations living with dementia, in both metropolitan and rural communities. Furthermore, we investigate possible prevention strategies and provide suggestions for future research on the topic of Australian bushfires and heatwaves and their impact on people living with dementia. This paper includes recommendations to ensure rural communities have access to appropriate support services, medical treatment, awareness, and information surrounding dementia.
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Coventry, Petrina. "Occupational Health and Safety Receptivity towards Clinical Innovations That Can Benefit Workplace Mental Health Programs: Anxiety and Hypnotherapy Trends." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 7735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137735.
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Anxiety is one of the most common mental health conditions experienced by people in Australia during their working years according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and employers recognising that mental health impacts their organisation’s bottom line are increasingly interested in programs to promote better mental health, well-being, and productivity. Beyond management concern for productivity, statutory protection is necessary to safeguard mental health, under the Australian Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Act, organisations have a duty to eliminate or minimise risks to psychological (mental) health by designing effective workplace systems and Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) practitioners are central to the design and responsibility in managing these systems. Despite literature indicating the benefits of OHS workplace mental health initiatives, such as improved overall health, reduced absenteeism, increased job satisfaction and morale, there remains a lack of empirical research around program measurement, and their effectiveness in this area has been brought into question. The OHS function is interested in improving research around the relationship and connection between work performance and mental health but: there are few studies regarding performance outcomes of mental health OHS services within management journals and insufficient information around the prevalence of psychological morbidity in the workplace and its impact. The purpose of this study was to assess OHS perception regarding anxiety and reveal perceptions and receptivity towards alternative therapies and solutions being used in clinical practice to deal with anxiety such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) with a focus on Hypnotherapy.
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Cosgrave, Catherine, Myfanwy Maple, and Rafat Hussain. "Work challenges negatively affecting the job satisfaction of early career community mental health professionals working in rural Australia: findings from a qualitative study." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 13, no. 3 (May 14, 2018): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-02-2017-0008.
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Purpose Some of Australia’s most severe and protracted workforce shortages are in public sector community mental health (CMH) services. Research identifying the factors affecting staff turnover of this workforce has been limited. The purpose of this paper is to identify work factors negatively affecting the job satisfaction of early career health professionals working in rural Australia’s public sector CMH services. Design/methodology/approach In total, 25 health professionals working in rural and remote CMH services in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, for NSW Health participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Findings The study identified five work-related challenges negatively affecting job satisfaction: developing a profession-specific identity; providing quality multidisciplinary care; working in a resource-constrained service environment; working with a demanding client group; and managing personal and professional boundaries. Practical implications These findings highlight the need to provide time-critical supports to address the challenges facing rural-based CMH professionals in their early career years in order to maximise job satisfaction and reduce avoidable turnover. Originality/value Overall, the study found that the factors negatively affecting the job satisfaction of early career rural-based CMH professionals affects all professionals working in rural CMH, and these negative effects increase with service remoteness. For those in early career, having to simultaneously deal with significant rural health and sector-specific constraints and professional challenges has a negative multiplier effect on their job satisfaction. It is this phenomenon that likely explains the high levels of job dissatisfaction and turnover found among Australia’s rural-based early career CMH professionals. By understanding these multiple and simultaneous pressures on rural-based early career CMH professionals, public health services and governments involved in addressing rural mental health workforce issues will be better able to identify and implement time-critical supports for this cohort of workers. These findings and proposed strategies potentially have relevance beyond Australia’s rural CMH workforce to Australia’s broader early career nursing and allied health rural workforce as well as internationally for other countries that have a similar physical geography and health system.
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Paterson, John. "Water Management and Recreational Values; Some Cases in Victoria, Australia." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0021.
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The growing recognition of recreational and amenity demands on water systems introduces a multitude of issues, many of them complex, to the established tasks of water quality management and water management generally. Victorian case studies are presented. They (1) illustrate the range and diversity of situations that can arise in managing competition and enhancing compatibility between traditional water supply objectives and recreational demands. (2) Fluctuation of storage levels, essential to storage operations, detract from recreational value. Recreational and tourism demands upon Lake Hume have grown to threaten traditional operating flexibility. (3) Mokoan is another such instance, but with its supply function in a state of flux, Lake Mokoan provides more scope for a shift in the balance. (4) Salinity management has become an issue in the management of lakes and wetlands when water supply interests and environmental/recreation interests respectively have different perspectives on salt disposal. (5) Recreational use of town supply sources has long been a vexed issue, although marked shifts in the attitudues of many supply authorities have occurred in recent years. (6) Eutrophication of lakes and estuaries raises difficult issues of responsibility and scientific uncertainty, and the water management connection may be tenuous but will attract public attention. (7) The water body attributes valued by specialised recreational interests require definition in terms that water managers can deal with using routine techniques of systems analysis and evaluation. (8) The demands of the fish population and anglers introduce a new perspective in river management and perceptions of instream values are changing markedly. (9) Direct costs of recreational services supplied by water authorities are not fully accounted: allocation choices and fiscal incidence will emerge as issues of significance. (10) These case studies raise only a fraction of the total range of matters that will, in the years to come, tax the technology and political skills of governments and management.
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Kupke, Valerie, Peter Rossini, and Paul Kershaw. "Bait pricing: evaluating the success of regulatory reform in advertising." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 7, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 333–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-02-2013-0016.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of this legislative reform in the state of South Australia (SA) through an examination of the relationship between listed or advertised price and transaction prices before and after the changes in regulation. Between 2000 and 2008, legislative changes took place throughout Australia to make real-estate transactions more transparent and to deal with misleading conduct by real-estate agents. The practice of “charm” or “bait” pricing was targeted. This denotes the under-quoting of estimated selling prices in real-estate sale advertisements which can be considered deceptive or even fraudulent. Design/methodology/approach – The study area is Adelaide, the state capital of SA and includes analysis of first and last advertised prices and eventual selling price for > 120,000 residential sales transactions over a nine-year period between 2003 and 2011. The analysis to test these hypotheses included, first, a descriptive evaluation of the percentage price difference over time and a spatial breakdown of mean percentage price difference before and after legislation. Second, for each hypothesis, the change was tested by measuring the variance of the percentage change, with significance established through the Levene and Brown–Forsythe tests, rather than by the mean percentage change. Findings – The results, both descriptive and statistical, support the effectiveness of the reform in legislation. Research limitations/implications – The study has application in terms of agents as social gatekeepers and confirms the role of regulation to ensure market values are achieved and consumers not disadvantaged. With friction in the market, imperfect information and the possible behavioural responses of land agents, there may be incomplete market correction of underpricing strategies. This paper confirms the effectiveness of one such market intervention. Social implications – Some half a million dwellings are purchased in Australia every year. Annually, in the state of SA, some 53,000 dwellings are financed to be purchased or built. These levels of purchase reflect national home ownership rates of about 69 per cent, with some 33 per cent of Australians owning their houses outright and a growing number, some 36 per cent, owners with a mortgage. Australian households also move house relatively frequently. In 2008, 43 per cent of Australians reported moving in the previous 5 years, 15 per cent had moved 3 or more times. The most common reasons for moving were twofold, either to buy a house or to buy a bigger house. These levels of purchase, home ownership and mobility underpin the importance and viability of some 10,000 real-estate services businesses in Australia; a sector which, up to 2,000, was largely self-regulated. Originality/value – This paper is one of the first in Australia to effectively quantify the success of legislative reform on residential agency behaviour.
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Denman, Lara. "Enhancing the Accessibility of Public Mental Health Services in Queensland to Meet the Needs of Deaf People From an Indigenous Australian or Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Background." Australasian Psychiatry 15, no. 1_suppl (February 2007): S85—S89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10398560701701262.
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Molitorisz, Sacha, James Meese, and Jennifer Hagedorn. "From Shadow Profiles to Contact Tracing: Qualitative Research into Consent and Privacy." Law, Technology and Humans 3, no. 2 (November 8, 2021): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/lthj.1874.
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For many privacy scholars, consent is on life support, if not dead. In July 2020, we held six focus groups in Australia to test this claim by gauging attitudes to consent and privacy, with a spotlight on smartphones. These focus groups included discussion of four case studies: ‘shadow profiles’, eavesdropping by companies on smartphone users, non-consensual government surveillance of its citizens and contact tracing apps developed to combat COVID-19. Our participants expressed concerns about these practices and said they valued individual consent and saw it as a key element of privacy protection. However, they saw the limits of individual consent, saying that the law and the design of digital services also have key roles to play. Building on these findings, we argue for a blend of good law, good design and an appreciation that individual consent is still valued and must be fixed rather than discarded - ideally in ways that are also collective. In other words, consent is dead; long live consent.
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Church, Rick. "Case Notes Accreditation: Substitute Care Programmes for Children. A Step Forward." Children Australia 12, no. 4 (1987): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0312897000001636.
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A history of children's welfare services in Australia demonstrates the significant and on-going role of the non-government sector. This is particularly true within New South Wales. Many programmes, frequently under the auspice of mainstream religious institutions, were established early in response to critical social needs. These programmes routinely developed in isolation from each other, often with primary ties only to the auspice body and the local community. Some things are slow to change.Today the non-government sector is an amorphous collective of agencies with highly variable philosophical under pinnings, welfare ideologies, resources and competency levels.We have learned a great deal about the needs of children, the process of change, and competency in service delivery (within a specific statutory umbrella). Our new knowledge is yet to be consistently reflected in practice.
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Giglio, Ferdinando. "Fintech: A Literature Review." International Business Research 15, no. 1 (December 17, 2021): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v15n1p80.
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This article analyzes the Fintech evolution. After describing the process of this phenomenon, some of the main definitions are provided both nationally and internationally. Finally, six main models of Fintech are analyzed.
Through a systematic literature, 14 articles have been selected that deal with the phenomenon of Fintech.
Six Fintech business models implemented by the ever growing number of Fintech startups have been identified, payment, wealth management, crowdfunding, loan, capital market and insurance services. Internationally, Fintech has already been defined by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank Group (WBG), the Financial Stability Board (FSB), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). On a national level, on the other hand, Fintech has been analyzed by various countries, USA, United Kingdom, Singapore, China, Switzerland, China, Australia and the European Union.
Fintech refers to a broad set of innovations - observable in the financial field in a broad sense - which are made possible by the use of new technologies both in the offer of services to end users and in the internal production processes of financial operators as well as in the design of market enterprises, without thereby compromising new possible configurations of intersectoral activities.
Fintech appears to be representative of innovative methods - based on technology - of carrying out activities directly or indirectly connected to financial services rather than being a pre-defined industrial sector. Following the logic of the digital economy, Fintech contributes to designing an open and continuous network of modular services for businesses, individuals and banking, financial and insurance intermediaries, becoming a powerful acceleration force for the integration policies of the financial services markets in the EU.
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Kaur, Jatinder. "Working with families from culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Queensland: An Australian exploratory study." Children Australia 32, no. 4 (2007): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200011731.
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In Australia there is limited research and information regarding how Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) families are assessed within the child protection system. This paper explores assessment issues faced by child protection investigation officers when working with CALD families in the Queensland child protection system. The research examined the level of knowledge, training and experiences of child protection officers and whether they were ‘culturally competent’. The study found that entry level officers did not receive adequate training and resources, and lacked CALD-specific knowledge on how to deal with cross cultural issues when working with CALD families. Respondents indicated that interpreters‘ services were effective during investigation and assessment of CALD families. The findings of this study highlight key concerns in the provision of child protection assessments, practice, policy and service delivery when working with CALD families.
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Saltman, Deborah, Bronwyn Veale, and Gina Bloom. "Developing a Mental Health Resource for Consumers." Australian Journal of Primary Health 3, no. 4 (1997): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py97038.
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Little is known about how consumers select mental health providers. In the literature there is an absence of information to assist consumers and referral agencies including general practitioners, in making informed choices. This paper reports the research process undertaken to develop such a resource. Interviews were conducted with representatives from a variety of groups identified by consumers and providers as supplying mental health services, including: general practitioners, psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, Relationships Australia (NSW), Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), postnatal depression self-help groups, Lifeline, the Gay and Lesbian Counselling Service of NSW, spiritual healers, and, consumer consultants. The interviews covered issues of cost, type of services provided, goals of management, limitations of therapy, consumer information about the process, sessions, therapist credentials, training, background and experience, professional and personal development, quality assurance, research, referral, access, and confidentiality. Indicators for ascertaining effectiveness of the therapist's work were also delineated. Although there was a great deal of similarity in views concerning the nature of therapy held by a range of providers of mental health services, differences of approach did emerge that need to be brought to the awareness of consumers. Comparing responses of mental health providers to the same questions allows other issues such as priorities and access to be gauged by comparing these responses. The strength of this approach is that it allows the presentation of information in a manner that allows consumers to make comparisons and choices based on information obtained in a context similar to the therapeutic situation.
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Schultz, Lisen, Carl Folke, Henrik Österblom, and Per Olsson. "Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 24 (June 16, 2015): 7369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406493112.
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To gain insights into the effects of adaptive governance on natural capital, we compare three well-studied initiatives; a landscape in Southern Sweden, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, and fisheries in the Southern Ocean. We assess changes in natural capital and ecosystem services related to these social–ecological governance approaches to ecosystem management and investigate their capacity to respond to change and new challenges. The adaptive governance initiatives are compared with other efforts aimed at conservation and sustainable use of natural capital: Natura 2000 in Europe, lobster fisheries in the Gulf of Maine, North America, and fisheries in Europe. In contrast to these efforts, we found that the adaptive governance cases developed capacity to perform ecosystem management, manage multiple ecosystem services, and monitor, communicate, and respond to ecosystem-wide changes at landscape and seascape levels with visible effects on natural capital. They enabled actors to collaborate across diverse interests, sectors, and institutional arrangements and detect opportunities and problems as they developed while nurturing adaptive capacity to deal with them. They all spanned local to international levels of decision making, thus representing multilevel governance systems for managing natural capital. As with any governance system, internal changes and external drivers of global impacts and demands will continue to challenge the long-term success of such initiatives.
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Burbidge, Andrew A., Margaret Byrne, David Coates, Stephen T. Garnett, Stephen Harris, Matt W. Hatward, Tara G. Martin, et al. "Is Australia ready for assisted colonization? Policy changes required to facilitate translocations under climate change." Pacific Conservation Biology 17, no. 3 (2011): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc110259.
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Assisted Colonization (AC) has been proposed as one method of aiding species to adapt to the impacts of climate change. AC is a form of translocation and translocation protocols for threatened species, mostly for reintroduction, are well established in Australia. We evaluate the information available from implementation of translocations to understand how existing policies and guidelines should be varied to plan, review and regulate AC. While the risks associated with AC are potentially greater than those of reintroductions, AC is likely to be the only available method, other than germplasm storage and establishment of captive populations, of conserving many taxa under future climate change. AC may also be necessary to maintain ecosystem services, particularly where keystone species are affected. Current policies and procedures for the preparation of Translocation Proposals will require modification and expansion to deal with Assisted Colonization, particularly in relation to risk management, genetic management, success criteria, moving associated species and community consultation. Further development of risk assessment processes, particularly for invasiveness, and guidelines for genetic management to maintain evolutionary potential are particularly important in the context of changing climate. Success criteria will need to respond to population establishment in the context of new and evolving ecosystems, and to reflect requirements for any co-establishment of interdependent species. Translocation Proposals should always be subjected to independent peer review before being considered by regulators. We conclude that consistent approaches by regulators and multilateral agreements between jurisdictions are required to minimize duplication, to ensure the risk of AC is adequately assessed and to ensure the potential benefits of AC are realized.
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MacNaughton, Glenda. "Silenced Voices: Learning about Early Childhood Programs in the South East Asian Region." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 21, no. 3 (September 1996): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183693919602100308.
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This articles explores the influences of political, cultural, historical and economic dynamics of the Asian region on what can be learnt about the region by English-speaking Australians and, therefore, for what can reasonably be known and said about early childhood programs by them. In doing so, it shows that learning about early childhood programs in the Asian region involves two levels of learning: learning about and learning what can be learnt about these services. The article concludes with suggestions for how English-speaking Australians might begin the process of learning about early childhood programs in the Asian region. The countries of the Pacific Rim [including Australia] face many common issues and problems in the provision of early childhood education. A great deal could be learned through international dialogue and collaborative research. (Feeney 1992, p.314) This articles explores the political and practical challenges and possibilities monolingual, English-speaking Australians face in taking up Feeney's suggestion to become involved in cross-cultural exchanges with early childhood colleagues in the Asian region.
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Nolan, Rachael H., Chris J. Blackman, Víctor Resco de Dios, Brendan Choat, Belinda E. Medlyn, Ximeng Li, Ross A. Bradstock, and Matthias M. Boer. "Linking Forest Flammability and Plant Vulnerability to Drought." Forests 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11070779.
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Globally, fire regimes are being altered by changing climatic conditions. New fire regimes have the potential to drive species extinctions and cause ecosystem state changes, with a range of consequences for ecosystem services. Despite the co-occurrence of forest fires with drought, current approaches to modelling flammability largely overlook the large body of research into plant vulnerability to drought. Here, we outline the mechanisms through which plant responses to drought may affect forest flammability, specifically fuel moisture and the ratio of dead to live fuels. We present a framework for modelling live fuel moisture content (moisture content of foliage and twigs) from soil water content and plant traits, including rooting patterns and leaf traits such as the turgor loss point, osmotic potential, elasticity and leaf mass per area. We also present evidence that physiological drought stress may contribute to previously observed fuel moisture thresholds in south-eastern Australia. Of particular relevance is leaf cavitation and subsequent shedding, which transforms live fuels into dead fuels, which are drier, and thus easier to ignite. We suggest that capitalising on drought research to inform wildfire research presents a major opportunity to develop new insights into wildfires, and new predictive models of seasonal fuel dynamics.
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Asher, A. "NETWORK INDUSTRY REGULATION AND CONVERGENCE IN SERVICE DELIVERY: CHALLENGES FOR SUPPLIERS, USERS AND REGULATORS." APPEA Journal 38, no. 1 (1998): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj97054.
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The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has competition and fair-trading law responsibility for Australian industries. It has gained regulatory responsibilities for third-party access to telecommunications, soon will become the national regulator of gas pipeline access under a legislated code developed by the jurisdictions and industry working in a common forum, and will progressively become the national regulator of electricity transmission.This paper describes the ACCC's concept of the term 'efficient incentive regulation', gives examples of government decisions on network industry operations to which it is relevant and describes the general approach the ACCC will take in applying that concept, to encourage competition, innovation, economic investment and fair dealing by suppliers with users.The paper describes the relevance of the rise of national product markets and convergence in the delivery of telecommunications, electricity and gas services to the types of decisions the ACCC and State-based regulators will have to take and places those decisions in the context of common issues in regulatory reform internationally. Regulatory decisions taken for one network industry may have particular positive effects if the underlying principles flow on to others.A necessary part of dealing with national industries is the coordination of regulatory effort where Commonwealth and State/Territory regulators are involved. There is the risk in Australia that separation of regulatory powers between jurisdictional and national levels may cause welfare gains to business, customers and the wider community arising from the industry reform process to be lost if there are shortcomings in communications between regulators, duplication of effort or inconsistencies in approach. The paper describes the current division of responsibilities; the potential of the Utility Regulators' Forum to coordinate regulatory effort; and indicates the potential for losses of welfare and economic efficiency if COAG principles of a national approach to regulation are not fully embraced.The paper discusses the range of tools available to deal with challenges arising from privatisations, from the entry of multinational players to network industries and from the implementation of competition policy reforms, drawing on concerns about network industries raised with the ACCC, and on the ACCC's broader complaints experience. Finally, the paper outlines the reasons for policy-makers to pay particular attention to shaping and bringing light-handed but effective regulation to the areas of the converging network industries where market power remains unconstrained by competition, and for regulators to coordinate their administration of the regulated areas of network industries so that the policy objectives of incentive regulation are realised, resulting in the industry, users and the community sharing in the benefits.
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Munro-Ludders, Bruce, Thomas Simpatico, and Daria Zvetina. "Making Public Mental-Health Services Accessible to Deaf Consumers: Illinois Deaf Services 2000." American Annals of the Deaf 148, no. 5 (2004): 396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aad.2004.0008.
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Ingarfield, Sharyn L., Antonio Celenza, Ian G. Jacobs, and Thomas V. Riley. "Acute upper respiratory infections in Western Australian emergency departments, 2000–2003." Australian Health Review 32, no. 4 (2008): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080691.
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Objective: To describe the epidemiological and other characteristics of emergency department (ED) presentations diagnosed with acute upper respiratory infection (URI). Design and setting: A retrospective study of patients given an ED diagnosis of acute URI from July 2000 to July 2003 at any of the four metropolitan teaching hospitals in Perth, Western Australia. Results: Acute URI accounted for 3.6% (95% CI, 3.5?3.7) of ED presentations, and 80.7% (95% CI, 80.1?81.3) of these were aged less than 15 years. The most common diagnosis was acute upper respiratory infections of multiple and unspecified sites, followed by croup and acute tonsillitis. Of those with croup, 76.0% (95% CI, 74.7?77.3) presented at night, 67.6% (95% CI, 66.2?69.0) were male and the number of presentations with croup was highest in June 2002. The number of diagnoses of acute tonsillitis did not display a great deal of variation from month to month. Overall, hospital admission was 12.3% (95% CI, 11.8?12.8), with a median length of hospital stay of 1 day (IQR 1.0?2.0). An increase in comorbidity, residing in the most disadvantaged areas, and being a re-presentation increased the odds of being admitted. Conclusion: Further investigation is needed into whether alternative medical care services would be appropriate and acceptable for patients with less severe acute URIs.
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Hearn, Lydia, Margaret Miller, and Donna Cross. "Engaging Primary Health Care Providers in the Promotion of Healthy Weight among Young Children: Barriers and Enablers for Policy and Management." Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 2 (2007): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07025.
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Recent national efforts to stem the alarming growth of childhood overweight and obesity in Australia have highlighted the importance of preventative strategies that focus beyond the child-on parents, families, primary health care providers (PHCPs) and child care services. But, while such efforts have to date focused on school-based interventions, once poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyles have set in, a growing body of research is indicating that PHCPs can play a more influential role in monitoring and modifying factors affecting prevention and early intervention in preschool children. This paper presents the findings of a systematic review to: (a) identify key barriers to the effective engagement of PHCPs with parents and child care staff in the promotion of healthy weight among children aged 2-6 years, (b) appraise "promising" interventions for strengthening the capacity of PHCPs to effectively deal with these barriers, and (c) synthesise policy options to encourage and engage PHCPs. The study draws on the lessons of promising interventions to highlight the urgent need to address organisational, attitudinal, knowledge, skills and training barriers, to facilitate the engagement of PHCPs in different settings-based environments (clinical, child care, home and community).
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Walker, Rae, Sally Mitchell, and Maria Wright. "Inter-Organisational Relationships of Community Health Centres." Australian Journal of Primary Health 3, no. 4 (1997): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py97036.
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It is often argued that community based health organisations ought to have substantial links with other organisations in their local environment in order to provide integrated, accountable clinical and preventive services. This paper reports results from a study of the links forged by staff working in four community health centres in Victoria, Australia. The pattern of links between organisations is described and their functions explored. The perceptions of community health workers and their network partners in the other organisations are compared and the strategies used by the workers to establish and build their links identified. It can be argued that links with external organisations are important in community health practice and are valued by the organisations with which the centres establish links. They have, however, received very little attention within or without the field of community health. They are taken for granted, rarely discussed, and as often inhibited as facilitated by the structures within which community health centres operate. Consequently, a great deal of valuable community health work remains unacknowledged, potentially underdeveloped and undervalued. It has not been made clear how education can best support community health staff in this aspect of their work.
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Slater, Lindsay. "Public Library Services to Deaf Families and Deaf Children." OLA Quarterly 19, no. 3 (2013): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7710/1093-7374.1752.
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Wyndow, Paula, Elaine Clifton, and Roz Walker. "Improving Aboriginal Maternal Health by Strengthening Connection to Culture, Family and Community." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 9461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249461.
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(1) Background: To explore the function of smoking in Aboriginal women’s lives from a trauma-informed, women-centred approach in order to inform the design of a culturally meaningful smoking cessation program for women living in the Pilbara, Western Australia; (2) Methods: Qualitative and Community Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) was used to discover what Aboriginal women know about smoking, the specific contextual issues that influence their smoking, and what community supports are available to help them quit smoking. Inductive analysis was used to determine key themes; (3) Results: 25 Aboriginal women (smokers, non-smokers, and ex-smokers) participated in focus groups or individual interviews. Women smoked to deal with stress, trauma and for maintaining social connections. Women who stopped smoking did so on their own when the reason was important enough or when they saw alternative ways of living. Creating safe places to bring women together to yarn about women’s business and link with health services was identified as critical to support women to stop smoking. Conclusions: Strategies to address smoking need to bring community, culture and health together in a meaningful way for women and their families; build on existing community strengths; and educate communities about the effects of smoking, and health professionals about how to support women to stop smoking.
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Chen, Yasheng, and Zhuojun Wu. "Taking Risks to Make Profit during COVID-19." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 26, 2022): 15750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315750.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has inflicted substantial losses on a large number of enterprises and brought about the risk of unsustainable operations across the world. However, certain enterprises still managed to grow against the trend prevailing during the epidemic and succeeded in taking risks to make profits. This study discusses how global enterprises adopt a proactive risk management approach to transform crises into sustainable business performance during the period starting from the epidemic outbreak to normalization. By mainly obtaining research data from the Internet news media and official websites of the enterprises using content analysis technique, this paper chose case studies, from December 2019 to December 2021, of eight different companies, namely: BYD (China, Asia), Mafengwo (China, Asia), Xiamen Airlines (China, Asia), Zhijiang Bio (China, Asia), The Bund (United States, America), Walmart (United States, America), Qantas Airways (Australia, Oceania), and Honotel Group (France, Europe), from different industrial sectors including manufacturing, tourism, transportation, technical services, catering, retail, airlines, and accommodation, respectively. The study results show that each enterprise specifically incorporates the method of proactive risk management, to deal with a sudden crisis and take risks to make profits during the epidemic. The study findings provide a feasible way for enterprises to cope with sudden crises and enhance their ability to maintain sustainable operations.
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Sullivan, Elizabeth, Stephen Ward, Reem Zeki, Sarah Wayland, Juanita Sherwood, Alex Wang, Faye Worner, Sacha Kendall, James Brown, and Sungwon Chang. "Recidivism, health and social functioning following release to the community of NSW prisoners with problematic drug use: study protocol of the population-based retrospective cohort study on the evaluation of the Connections Program." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (July 2019): e030546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030546.
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IntroductionThe rising rate of incarceration in Australia, driven by high reoffending, is a major public health problem. Problematic drug use is associated with increasing rates of reoffending and return to custody of individuals. Throughcare provides support to individuals during imprisonment through to post-release, improving both the transition to community and health outcomes post-incarceration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Connections Programme (CP) that utilises a throughcare approach for release planning of people in prison with a history of problematic drug use. The study protocol is described.Methods and analysisPopulation-based retrospective cohort study. The study will use record linkage of the Connections dataset with 10 other New South Wales (NSW) population datasets on offending, health service utilisation, opioid substitution therapy, pregnancy, birth and mortality. The study includes all patients who were eligible to participate in the CP between January 2008 and December 2015 stratified by patients who were offered CP and eligible patients who were not offered the programme (non-CP (NCP)). Propensity-score matching will be used to appropriately adjust for the observable differences between CP and NCP. The differences between two groups will be examined using appropriate univariate and multivariate analyses. A generalised estimating equation approach, which can deal with repeat outcomes for individuals will be used to examine recidivism, mortality and other health outcomes, including perinatal and infant outcomes. Survival analysis techniques will be used to examine the effect of the CP by sex and Indigenous status on the ‘time-to’ health-related outcomes after adjusting for potential confounders.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was received from the NSW Population and Health Services Research Ethics Committee, the Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee, the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council Ethics Committee, the Corrective Services NSW Ethics Committee and the University of Technology Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee.
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Kitson, N. "Availability of specialist services. Deaf people need psychiatric services." BMJ 307, no. 6903 (August 28, 1993): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.307.6903.567-b.
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ROBINSON, ANDREW, EMMA LEA, LYNN HEMMINGS, GILLIAN VOSPER, DAMHNAT McCANN, FELICITY WEEDING, and ROGER RUMBLE. "Seeking respite: issues around the use of day respite care for the carers of people with dementia." Ageing and Society 32, no. 2 (March 14, 2011): 196–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x11000195.
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ABSTRACTAgeing in Place policies have transferred responsibility for many frail elderly people and those living with dementia from residential to in-home care. Despite this placing a greater obligation on families, in Australia carers continue to under-use day respite services. This qualitative design study identified issues around the use of day respite care from the perspective of the family carer, focusing on barriers to attendance and strategies to facilitate attendance. Telephone interviews were held in 2007 with Tasmanian carers whose family member refused to attend day respite care (ten carers) and those whose family member attended (17). Carers considering day respite care were often overwhelmed by the quantity of information, confused about the process, and worried about the recipient's safety in an unfamiliar environment. They felt anxious about public acknowledgement of the condition leading to fear of embarrassment. Day respite care users appreciated the break it provided them and the opportunity for their family member to socialise. To facilitate a greater uptake of day respite care, reliable information sources and strategies to help carers deal with the emotions they face on a daily basis, together with a wider social acceptance of dementia, are important. Furthermore, carers need an opportunity to talk with others, enabling them to gain support from those who have successfully introduced a family member to day respite care.
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Barrett, S. S. "Comprehensive Community-based Services for Adults who are Deaf-Blind: Issues, Trends, and Services." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 86, no. 9 (November 1992): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x9208600904.
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Persons who are deaf-blind are a heterogeneous group that require individualized rehabilitation and supported-living services to deal with their profound disabilities. This article discusses the factors that enhance the provision of high-quality services, transitional programs, and the importance of interagency collaboration in developing new services that can assist persons who are deaf-blind to live and work in their communities.
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Harvey, Peter W., John Petkov, Inge Kowanko, Yvonne Helps, and Malcolm Battersby. "Chronic condition management and self-management in Aboriginal communities in South Australia: outcomes of a longitudinal study." Australian Health Review 37, no. 2 (2013): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah12165.
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Objectives. This paper describes the longitudinal component of a larger mixed methods study into the processes and outcomes of chronic condition management and self-management strategies implemented in three Aboriginal communities in South Australia. The study was designed to document the connection between the application of structured systems of care for Aboriginal people and their longer-term health status. Methods. The study concentrated on three diverse Aboriginal communities in South Australia; the Port Lincoln Aboriginal Health Service, the Riverland community, and Nunkuwarrin Yunti Aboriginal Health Service in the Adelaide metropolitan area. Repeated-measure clinical data were collected for individual participants using a range of clinical indicators for diabetes (type 1 and 2) and related chronic conditions. Clinical data were analysed using random effects modelling techniques with changes in key clinical indicators being modelled at both the individual and group levels. Results. Where care planning has been in place longer than in other sites overall improvements were noted in BMI, cholesterol (high density and low density lipids) and HbA1c. These results indicate that for Aboriginal patients with complex chronic conditions, participation in and adherence to structured care planning and self-management strategies can contribute to improved overall health status and health outcomes. Conclusions. The outcomes reported here represent an initial and important step in quantifying the health benefits that can accrue for Aboriginal people living with complex chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and respiratory disease. The study highlights the benefits of developing long-term working relationships with Aboriginal communities as a basis for conducting effective collaborative health research programs. What is known about the topic? Chronic condition management and self-management programs have been available to Aboriginal people in a range of forms for some time. We know that some groups of patients are keen to engage with care planning and self-management protocols and we have anecdotal evidence of this engagement leading to improved quality of life and health outcomes for Aboriginal people. What does this paper add? This paper provides early evidence of sustained improvement over time for a cohort of Aboriginal people who are learning to deal with a range of chronic illnesses through accessing structured systems of support and care. What are the implications for practitioners? This longitudinal evidence of improved outcomes for Aboriginal people is encouraging and should lead on to more definitive studies of outcomes accruing for people engaged in structured systems of care. Not only does this finding have implications for the overall management of chronic illness in Aboriginal communities, but it points the way to how health services might best invest their resources and efforts to improve the health status of people with chronic conditions and, in the process, close the gap between the life expectancy of Aboriginal people and that of other community groups in Australia.
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Johnson, Sammy Jo. "Disservice to Society: A Transnational Analysis of the Canadian Hearing Services." Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 10, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 272–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v10i1.738.
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This paper expresses a growing sentiment the author felt as an employee of Canadian Hearing Services, one that is only implied in the Deaf Citizens petition. Namely, that the current operation of CHS is contributing to a disconnect from the Ontario and Canadian deaf communities, but it also signifies a disconnect from something bigger—what the author calls the global deaf network or what Murray (2007) calls “the transnational Deaf public sphere” (p.4)— and therefore the actions taking place at CHS reverberate beyond provincial and national borders. In applying a transnational analysis, the author explores the connections and linkages between CHS and a deaf network that exists globally, which includes CHS’ past participation in large international deaf events and the role of CHS offices in bringing together people who have unique and important experiences engaging with global deaf spaces and networks, and consider if the changes recently implemented at CHS signify an organizational withdrawal from these global spaces and networks. While this discussion only scratches the surface of possible connections linking CHS to a global deaf network, the author aims to add their voice to those calling on CHS to rebuild bridges that have previously linked the organization with deaf networks at local as well as global levels.
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Phillips, Peter. "Becoming Unsafe Overnight: Managing Historic Buildings as Building Regulations and Standards Change." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.155.
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Building standards and regulations have been around for a long time, and most historic structures were built in accordance with whatever codes existed at the time. However, as codes have changed (often in response to natural or human-caused disasters) these buildings have become progressively less compliant, making their continued occupation and use difficult without extensive and often damaging alterations to their significant spaces and fabric. In Australia, there have been considerable changes to standards over the past two hundred years to deal with apparent deficiencies in the codes exposed as a result of bushfires, earthquakes, cyclones and rising sea levels. Building regulations have also changed so as to deal in ever more detail with health and safety matters, as well as issues such as equitable access and energy efficiency. These changes have had an impact on historic buildings and structures, in the most extreme cases leading to loss of the building where owners anxious to redevelop can convince the authorities that preservation and upgrading to meet current standards will impose unreasonable economic hardship. In other cases, the insensitive and sometimes over-cautious application of codes (often to reduce the risk of future litigation or loss of insurance) leads to almost as much damage to the historic building as the upgrading work is intended to avoid if a disaster occurs. Conserving historic buildings while keeping them safely in active use requires a flexible and innovative approach to the regulations, as exemplified in the work of the Heritage Council of New South Wales Fire Access and Services Advisory Panel, of which the author was a foundation member.
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Foster, Richard. "Multi-disciplinary practice in a community law environment: new models for clinical legal education." International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 19 (July 8, 2014): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v19i0.40.
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<p>The Monash-Oakleigh Legal Service (MOLS) is a community legal service auspiced by Monash University, Melbourne Australia, and partly funded by Victoria Legal Aid. MOLS was principally established to provide practical legal education to Monash law students over 30 years ago, but has since evolved to focus also on serving community legal needs. Incorporated within MOLS is the Family Law Assistance Program (FLAP) which, as the name suggests, deals exclusively with family law matters. FLAP students attend the Family Court each week with lawyers who provide assistance to clients in a duty lawyer capacity, as well as operating four clinical sessions each week within MOLS.</p><p>Like many community legal services, most MOLS clients experience a form of disadvantage and resultant financial difficulty. Consequently, MOLS deals with a range of legal matters including: criminal law, family law, tenancy and neighbourhood disputes, and a number of credit, debt, and<br />bankruptcy issues.</p><p>In July 2010, the Multi-Disciplinary Clinic (MDC) was established at MOLS to provide a holistic service to clients by involving students from three academic disciplines to deal with client issues. Later, in December 2010 (the commencement of the university’s summer semester), students from one other discipline were included in FLAP and a third discipline was also adopted in the following semester.</p>
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SCHOFIELD, HILARY, BARBARA MURPHY, HELEN E. HERRMAN, SIDNEY BLOCH, and BRUCE S. SINGH. "Carers of people aged over 50 with physical impairment, memory loss and dementia: a comparative study." Ageing and Society 18, no. 3 (May 1998): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x98006965.
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While studies investigating factors associated with carer burden suggest that intellectual impairment and behavioural disturbance in the care recipient are more demanding for the carer than physical impairment, comparative research findings are equivocal. Family carers of people with a long-term illness or disability were identified through a survey of 26,000 households in Victoria, Australia. Focusing on carers of those aged over 50 years, three subsamples were selected: 186 carers of relatives with physical impairment only, 182 carers of those with diagnosed memory loss and 117 carers of those with intellectual impairment diagnosed as dementia. Carers of physically impaired relatives reported better health, greater life satisfaction, and less overload, negative affect, family conflict, anger and resentment than carers of those with intellectual impairment, whether labelled as dementia or not. Despite lower impairment levels in the care recipient, carers of those with undiagnosed memory loss reported more resentment about their caring role than carers of those with a diagnosed dementia. The effects on the carer of significantly greater impairment in the dementia care recipient group may be ameliorated by having a diagnosis, bringing with it the potential for increased understanding and tolerance. Fortunately, negative feelings predictive of a sense of burden are subject to a range of interventions: providing information to promote understanding; counselling to tackle negative feelings and family conflict; guidelines to deal with behaviour problems and physical aspects of caring; and community services to reduce overload.
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Swanson, L. "New mental health services for deaf patients." Canadian Medical Association Journal 176, no. 2 (January 16, 2007): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.061352.
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Ing, Paul S., Melanie L. Lempke, Shelley D. Smith, and William J. Kimberling. "Availability of genetic services to the deaf." American Journal of Medical Genetics 34, no. 2 (October 1989): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320340239.
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Ferguson-Coleman, Emma, Alice Johnston, Alys Young, Fiona Brown, Ruth de Sainte Croix, and Paul Redfern. "How do we know what we don’t know? Exploring Deaf people’s experiences of supporting their Deaf family member living with dementia." Dementia 19, no. 5 (September 17, 2018): 1381–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301218798993.
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Deaf sign language users living with dementia and their carers, some of whom are Deaf, routinely face everyday barriers in accessing information, support (both formal and informal) and services. The familial care situation is further complicated given that most Deaf people will choose a life partner who is Deaf and most Deaf couples will have hearing children. This study focussed specifically on the everyday experiences of Deaf carers and the impact of caring for a loved one with dementia. Drawing on data from a wider consultation about dementia care, three Deaf carers were directly interviewed in British Sign Language by a Deaf researcher about their everyday experiences of care, support, and services. Thematic analysis focussed on: access is more than the provision of interpreters; effective care for the carers; and unknowing risk taking. Findings demonstrate the multifaceted effects of barriers to knowledge and information when the care partner is also Deaf, the urgent need for effective support for Deaf carers and unrecognised safeguarding concerns that are a result of lack of access to forms of basic knowledge about living with someone with dementia and potential coping strategies. Nonetheless, the participants demonstrated novel solutions and resilience in the face of these multiple challenges. Implications are drawn for future targeted services to supported Deaf carers of people affected by dementia.
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Shadrick, Ian, and Carol Etlen. "Predictors of Competitive Employment of Adults With Deaf-Blindness Following Vocational Rehabilitation." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 50, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.50.2.148.
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The purpose of this study was to examine employment outcomes for adult vocational rehabilitation clients with deaf-blindness. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between case service provisions, and competitive employment outcomes for individuals with deaf-blindness. The sample was obtained from Rehabilitation Services Administration Case Service Report (RSA-911) data and included 135 cases of individuals with deaf-blindness identified as their primary or secondary disability and whose cases were closed during the fiscal year 2016. The independent variables consisted of vocational rehabilitation case service-related variables. The dependent variable was attainment of competitive employment. Results indicated that three vocational rehabilitation case service variables were associated with client outcomes for those with deaf-blindness seeking and obtaining competitive employment. Implications for improving employment outcomes for clients with deaf-blindness include supporting postsecondary educational attainment opportunities, providing job placement services, and providing job search-related services. Implications for services provided by vocational rehabilitation agencies are discussed.