Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'De sensu et sensibilibus'
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Bartlett, Ross, and n/a. "The origins and development of acoustic science in ancient Greece." University of Otago. Department of Classics, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060823.144633.
Full textChatelain, Sabine. "L’animal dans la viande : Aliments carnés et sensibilités contemporaines." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE2014.
Full textThis dissertation tackles the question of the treatment of livestock starting from the consumption of meat. It presents the results of an ethnographic study of the meat industry and its consumers conducted in the south-east of France (the Provence-Alpes-Côtes-d'Azur Region). The author demonstrates the ambivalent nature of the link between animals and humans, alternating between proximity and distance, as seen in the representations and attitudes inferred from the discourse of both industry professionals and meat-eaters. The study highlights the importance of the anthropocentrism and anthropomorphism which emanate from our actions on the environment in general. It demonstrates that our way of organizing the world encourages the treatment of livestock as objects belonging to humans and militates against the application of the notion of well-being which is currently being promoted in French and European legislation relative to the industry
Umhang, Gérald. "Surveillance et épidémiologie d’Echinococcus multilocularis et d’Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1210/document.
Full textAmong parasites, Echinococcus species are of major public health importance due to their worldwide distribution and the potential severity of the diseases they cause. In Europe, the endemic species are E. multilocularis, which has a sylvatic lifestyle, and E. granulosus spp., which the hosts are mainly domestic species. When the Echinococcus spp. NRL was created in France in 2006, few data were available on the distribution of these parasitic species. The implementation of health measures made it possible to consider a marked reduction of the endemic level and geographical distribution of E. granulosus and consequently a reduced or inexistent zoonotic risk. With regard to E. multilocularis, the parasite spread already observed in Europe was also suspected in France. The development of classical parasitology and molecular techniques for diagnosis and epidemiology has helped improve understanding of the distribution of these parasitic species in France.A large-scale surveillance study in foxes, using the SSCT method validated by the NRL, led to the description of significant westward and northward expansion from E. multilocularis’s historical endemic focus, which was estimated, using a spatio-temporal scenario deduced by EmsB microsatellite analysis, to have begun several decades ago. Molecular analyses of various types of animal samples confirmed its westward expansion in aquatic rodents. Its extension southward was confirmed thanks to fecal samples of foxes.Surveillance studies of E. granulosus at the slaughterhouse confirmed its presence in southern France and in Corsica. The first molecular characterization of this parasite in France resulted in the identification of E. granulosus sensu stricto in southern France and E. canadensis G6-7 in Corsica. The presence of E. granulosus s.s. throughout continental France was then observed on the basis of a national surveillance study at the slaughterhouse. The prevalence level of infection by E. granulosus s.s. estimated per million was 15.3 cases in sheep and 8.3 cases in cattle which was much lower than that described 20 years ago. The two main endemic foci – the Alps for E. granulosus s.s. and Corsica for E. canadensis G6-7 – still exist, while the identification of E. ortleppi confirmed maintenance of this species despite its current rarity in Europe.In France, the low prevalence of E. multilocularis infection in dogs and cats was ascertained, confirming the minor contribution of these hosts to the lifecycle. The zoonotic role of the cat appears to be negligible based on observations of natural infection cases and on data obtained from experimental infection. The regular and adapted deworming of dogs, especially hunting dogs, appears to be necessary. This deworming recommendation is also relevant against E. canadensis G6-7 in Corsica where access to viscera of pigs and wild boar adds a sylvatic component at this lifecycle.An acknowledgment of the NRL’s expertise led to several international collaborations which in turn contributed to the diversity of the epidemiological situations studied. Thus, the study of the genetic diversity of E. multilocularis by EmsB microsatellite led to a better understanding of the parasite’s expansion dynamics throughout Europe. The study of foreign foci of E. granulosus led to characterization of the endemic parasitic species and of their prevalence levels in intermediate hosts, which made it possible to plan appropriate control measures. The NRL participated in the testing of control methods against E. multilocularis, including deworming of foxes and population regulation, which demonstrated the complexity of the conditions required for these methods to be effective.The epidemiological data obtained over ten years of studies has led to a better understanding of the current zoonotic risk associated with the Echinococcus species in France
Iglésias, Samuel Paco. "Taxinomie, phylogénie moléculaire et évolution des Scyliorhinidae sensu lato (Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0067.
Full textScyliorhinids are the largest extant shark family. The species Apristurus atlanticus is placed as junior synonym of A. Laurussonii, and a new species is described: A. Melanoasper. The phylogeny of scyliorhinids is explored through separate and combined analyses of a mitochondrial gene and of a nuclear gene. The paraphyly of scyliorhinids is strongly supported and the classification of the group is revised. Scyliorhinidae sensu stricto are redefined and Pentanchidae are resurrected and redefined. A reliable phylogeny allows inferences on the evolution of biological characters. Thus the character “mode of reproduction” is mapped on the molecular tree and makes it possible to discuss the transitions of the modes of reproduction within Carcharhiniformes. In addition Apristurus longicephalus is described as being the first rudimentary hermaphroditic species within Chondrichthyes. The development of the electrosensory system is correlated with the ecology of the species. The preliminary assumption supports that this system compensates the inefficiency of the vision for the detection of the preys
Lerner, Michel-Pierre. "Pansensisme et interprétation de la nature chez Tommaso Campanella le "De sensu rerum et magia." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599146t.
Full textLerner, Michel-Pierre. "Pansensisme et interpretation de la nature chez tommaso campanella : le "de sensu rerum et magia"." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010530.
Full textMalandrin, Laurence. "Les protéines de surface de pseudomonas syringae (sensu lato) : description, variabilité et application taxonomique." Angers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ANGE0015.
Full textAubert, Eduardo Henrik. "Intento sensu et vigilanti mente: esboço de uma problemática histórica do som no Ocidente medieval." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-05112007-131937/.
Full textThis dissertation aims at sketching a system of historical and theoretical references for the study of sound in the societies of the medieval West. Sound is understood throughout this work as both \"semanticized form\" and \"enformed content\". This perspective seeks to emphasize the dialectics of subjectivity and objectivity (which concretely exist only as the interrelated processes of objectivation of subjectivity and subjectivation of objectivity) inherent to the social existence of any \"object\" and of society itself. The dissertation comprises three parts: (1) in the first, we focus mainly on the semantization of sound form, attempting to understand the historical changes in the modalities of apprehension of sound by thought; (2) in the second part, we dialectically assume the opposite direction and focus on the enformation of content as sound, dealing more specifically with the evolution of sound form in Latin liturgy; (3) finally, in the third part, we propose a case study which seeks to apprehend, in its concrete temporality, the dynamics of the interrelated processes of semantization of sound as form and enformation of content as sound.
Vachon, Josiane. "Révision taxinomique des genres Solea, Barnardichthys, Dagetichthys et Synaptura sensu Chabanaud, 1928 (Soleidae; Pleuronectiformes) et phylogénie du genre Dagetichthys." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27064.
Full textJaulhac, Benoît. "Outils moleculaires de detection et de typage de borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato dans l'arthrite de lyme." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR13157.
Full textGrenier, Marianne. "Développement reproductif et potentiel de régénération chez Betula papyrifera sensu lato le long d'un gradient thermique altitudinal." Thèse, [Rimouski, Québec] : Université du Québec à Rimouski, 2007.
Find full textTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 20 juin 2007). Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Rimouski comme exigence partielle du programme de maîtrise en gestion de la faune et de ses habitats. Comprend un résumé. CaQRU CaQRU CaQRU Bibliogr.: f. 40-44. Parait aussi en éd. imprimée. CaQRU
Ertul, Servet. "Pour une orientation lato sensu à partir du processus d'orientation en classe de seconde générale et technologique." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOA001.
Full textThis work aims at studying the lato sensu orientation process with quantitative and qualitative methods, starting from the points of view of the oriented and the main actors of orientation. In present-day society, the individual is socialized from his early childhood through different levels of orientation. Our assumption is that the ways and means of socialization modify the course of individual and collective paths. Through the example of the “classes de seconde générale et technologique” of secondary education, we analyse the orientation process in which only further schooling in various subjects is conceivable. Then we analyse this process at a higher education level : in the Institutes of Technology where the prospects are either finding a job or going into further education ; among the students who drop out after one year’s education at University and finally, among those who get e degree (for 4 years afterwards). Our object is to go beyond the logic of schooling paths by associating it with the way the oriented envisage their future and the actor’s experience in the process
Fouet, Caroline. "Caractérisation de quelques phénotypes liés à l'aridité et à la température chez Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Giles, 1902)." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20155/document.
Full textThanks to progress in sequencing, the genomes of many organisms are known and available. Thus, functional genomics, the elucidation of gene function in sequenced genome, is currently booming. However, there is a gap between our growing knowledge in genetic and the current sparse information on phentoypic data ( "phenotype gap"). All organisms whose genome has been sequenced are facing this problem, including Anopheles gambiae.Anopheles gambiae sensu lato is a complex of sibling species, indistinguishable from a morphological point of view, present on almost the entire African continent. A. gambiae demonstrates an extreme environmental ubiquity and the characterization of phenotypes associated with adaptation to varying environments as well as the identification of genes involved in this adaptation is one of the main research axes in the post-genome area of this major malaria vector.We have studied some phenotypes associated with aridity and temperature in the nominal species of the A. gambiae complex. These two parameters are discriminent in the distribution of molecular forms and chromosomal inversions that characterize this species and may be involved in ecological divergence and speciation. We first measured desiccation resistance of adult mosquitoes of A. gambiae s.s. and we then studied the preferred temperatures of larvae in a choice device set-up (the shuttlebox). We compared the thermoregulation behavior and thermal preferences of a laboratory strain with field larvae of A. gambiae s.s. We also presented preliminary data on the preferred temperatures measured in field larvae of the S and M molecular forms.From a technical point of view, we improved an existing device for testing the survival of mosquitoes in highly desiccated conditions by coupling it with a video surveillance system, which help to increase the accuracy in determining the survival time, to avoid disturbing the system during the experiment and allow to test relatively large numbers of individuals. This study revealed a significant association between the 2La chromosomal inversion and resistance to desiccation in A. gambiae and highlighted the role of body size in the survival of this mosquito in dry environments.We also adapted a new device to study experimentally the thermopreference of A. gambiae s.s. larvae. The results showed that laboratory larvae and field M molecular form larvae had similar thermal preferences, consistent with the values of temperature usually found in natural breeding sites. In addition, the S molecular form larvae from southern Cameroon had preferences similar to those of northern Cameroon, regardless of karyotypes related to chromosomal inversions. In addition, the comparison of data for the M and S molecular forms larvae revealed that there was no significant difference in thermal preferences or in thermoregulatory behavior.Our results have contributed to the development of two experimental devices to study two phenotypes that are of major interest in understanding the adaptation of A. gambiae s.s. to its environment. The differences in desiccation resistance between the different karyotypes associated with the 2La chromosomal inversion and between the M and S molecular forms offer interesting new possibilities for the identification of genetic factors involved in their ecological divergence
Deynat, Pascal. "Applications de l'etude du revetement cutane des chondrichtyens a la systematique taxinomique et phylogenetique des pristiformes et rajiformes sensu compagno, 1973 (elasmobranchii, batoidea)." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA077354.
Full textWakote-Falco, Reine. "L'évolution des conceptions doctrinales et jurisprudentielles relatives au pouvoir de décision de l'administration en Allemagne et en France depuis 1860 : (pouvoir discrétionnaire stricto sensu et notion juridique indéterminée)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010282.
Full textBenabdelkader, Tarek. "Biodiversité, bioactivité et biosynthèse des composés terpéniques volatils des lavandes ailées, Lavandula stoechas sensu lato, un complexe d'espèces méditerranéennes d'intérêt pharmacologique." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952695.
Full textStaszewski, Vincent. "Immuno-écologie et interactions hôte-parasite : cas du système oiseaux de mer-tique Ixodes uriae et agent de la maladie de Lyme (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato)." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066081.
Full textTaking into account the ecological context of host parasite interactions may be important to consider when examining trade offs between immune responses and the other needs of the organism. Ecological factors likely to affect exposure risk and the response to parasitism will ultimately affect the dynamics of biodiversity in host-parasite systems. Taking these aspects into account is thus necessary in order to define adequate public health policies and epidemiological risk models
Maillard, Stéphane. "Les apports de différentes séquences d'ADN polymorphes à l'étude de l'épidémiologie moléculaire et de la taxonomie du parasite Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato." Besançon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BESA0018.
Full textCystic echinococcosis (CE) is an important zoonosis in the world : it is currently a serious public health and economic problem in many breeding areas. Its aetiological agent, the cestode Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, is present in all continents and involves many animal species in its biological cycle. The parasite exhibits a high heterogeneity, genetic for a part, and that is why different strains were defined. However, during the last decade, studies about these strains have showed the necessity to revise the taxonomy of the group E. Granulosus sensu lato. The efficiency of anti-echinococcosis campaigns depends directly of our knowledge of the variants of this group, their status, their hosts, their modes of circulation and transmission to humans. In the present work, the main objective was to define an approach both to identify variants we could track at different geographical scale and to discuss the taxonomy of the parasite. We began to evaluate the different genetic markers currently available, by the study of two endemic foci. This evaluation gave us the opportunity to argue the taxonomy of the strains observed but the mitochondrial and nuclear markers conventionally used a lack of polymorphism. Consequently, our interest was directed to the potentially more available microsatellites. Among those we tested, the multilocus microsatellite EmsB identifies many variants, different modes of circulation and genetic exchanges. Thus, it can be usefull to characterize the spatial and temporal development of the E. Granulosus sensu lato variants and their taxonomy. The establishment of a detailed map of distribution and a pertinent nomenclature of these variants could improve the targeting of anti-echinococcosis campaigns
GERBI, CORINNE. "Etude des systemes cellulolytique et hemicellulolytique d'un champignon du rumen caecomyces communis (sphaeromonas communis sensu orpin) cultive en fermenteur de deux litres." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF21642.
Full textRazakandrainibe, Fabien Gaston. "Biologie et fonctionnement des populations naturelles de Plasmodium falciparum à l'Ouest de Kenya : stratégie de reproduction, dispersion et co-structuration génétique avec ses deux principaux vecteurs : Anopheles gambiae sensu lato et Anopheles funestus." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066652.
Full textVaccine An important goal in evolutionary biology is to understand how factors such as the boundaries of demes and the mating systems in natural populations shape patterns and levels of genetic diversity within populations. For Plasmodium falciparum, the most severe malaria agent, the biology and population genetic structure are poorly understood despite the large amount of knowledge we have about this parasite. We know very little about the actual mating system in wild populations. Many views are conflicting: The population genetic structure of P. Falciparum has been shown to be predominantly "clonal" (i. E. Highly inbred) in regions with low transmission; in contrast, in high-transmission regions it is thought to be panmictic, although there is little supporting evidence. The contradiction reflects a general confusion about the methodical approaches and techniques used to get the results and so add up to direct sources of biased view to the debate. The question about the mating system is also related to the isolation among mosquito hosts within a geographic location, to the sizes of the host-parasite populations (which determine the levels of genetic drift and thus the efficacy of natural selection) and to their connectivity (which determines the speed at which a favourable mutation may spread to different areas). The degree of differentiation among geographically separated populations of P. Falciparum and the distribution of P. Falciparum among the species of its major mosquito vectors are of primary relevance to understanding the disease's epidemiology and its evolution, i. E. How these organism evolve, co-evolve and may thus respond to future changes in their environments. We investigated patterns of genetic diversity of P. Falciparum associated with its two main African vectors Anopheles gambiae and A. Funestus in Western Kenya. Using neutral microsatellite markers and oocysts, the diploid stage of Plasmodium falciparum, we determine a 'clonal' nature to Plasmodium falciparum, i. E. Show that P. Falciparum has a high level of inbreeding in two African regions (Cameroun and Kenya) despite perennial and intense malarial transmission. The geographic differentiation among microsatellite loci is weak in these regions. We also observed little genetic differentiation among mosquito populations. Finally, our results do not show P. Falciparum genetic variability between the mosquito species. This work is crucial to a current understanding of the P. Falciparum's ecology and evolution. The parameters we report are relevant because they affect levels of genetic diversity, opportunities for local adaptation, and other evolutionary processes and because they have epidemiological consequences, concerning the spread of multi-locus drug and -resistance
Pinheiro, Paulo Duraes Pereira. "Filogenia morfológica de Hypsiboas (Wagler, 1830) (HYLIDAE: HYLINAE: COPHOMANTINI) com ênfase nos grupos de H. albopunctatus e H. semilineatus sensu Faivovich et al. (2005)." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-97NH9E.
Full textO gênero Hypsiboas foi retirado da sinonímia de Hyla, com base em estudos moleculares, para agrupar parte das espécies de hilídeos neotropicais portadores do osso pré-pólex desenvolvido em espinho. Atualmente o gênero compreende 84 espécies descritas, distribuídas em sete grupos com afinidades morfológicas ou moleculares. Entretanto, sinapomorfias morfológicas para o gênero e para os grupos são desconhecidas. Visando compreender as relações filogenéticas entre grupos e espécies do gênero, bem como testar a monofilia e relacionamento dos grupos de H. albopunctatus e H. semilineatus, uma matriz filogenética de 53 táxons terminais e 116 caracteres morfológicos foi construída. Foram encontradas três árvores mais parcimoniosas de 887 passos, sendo a única diferença entre elas restrita à parte do grupo de H. pulchellus. Apesar do baixo suporte dos clados, os grupos de H. albopunctatus (excetuando H. heilprini), H. punctatus e H. pulchellus permanecem monofiléticos. O grupo de H. faber permanece relacionado ao grupo de H. pulchellus, porém parafilético em relação ao mesmo. H. boans e H. wavrini aparecem relacionadas ao grupo de H. faber, e o restante do grupo de H. semilineatus permanece como um clado, irmão do grupo de H. albopunctatus. O grupo de H. albopunctatus é sustentado por quatro sinapomorfias não exclusivas: lábio posterior dos girinos com três fileiras de dentículos; parede interna do espiráculo do girino com 2/3 da extremidade distal livre; faixa loreal presente em indivíduos adultos; e placa hióide mineralizada medialmente em indivíduos adultos. O grupo de H. semilineatus é sustentado por cinco sinapomorfias não exclusivas: asperidades nupciais presentes nos dedos dos machos; faixa branca na margem do lábio inferior presente nos indivíduos adultos; pálpebra com padrão reticulado; ausência de contato entre m. submentalis e m. intermandibularis; e processo lateral da vértebra VIII orientado ortogonalmente ao eixo do corpo.
Hervet, Sophie. "Le groupe " Palaeochelys sensu lato – Mauremys " dans le contexte systématique des Testudinoidea aquatiques du Tertiaire d'Europe occidentale : Apports à la biostratigraphie et à la paléobiogéographie." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0030.
Full textAmong freshwater Testudinoidea (sensu Gaffney & Meylan, 1988; Chelonii, Cryptodira) from the Tertiary of Western Europe, the "Palaeochelys sensu lato - Mauremys" group is defined, as is the "Ptychogasteridae " group, these groups are also re-considered in their paleobiogeographical context. Taxa from the "Palaeochelys sensu lato - Mauremys" complex, previously referred to Ocadia, Palaeochelys, Clemmys, Emys. . . Are redefined, and new taxa are described as well as new taxa of "Ptychogasteridae". The systematics and phylogeny of the Testudinoidae are studied, various phylogenies (Hirayama, 1985; Gaffney & Meylan, 1988) are discussed, new hypotheses are suggested. Two analyses of parsimony are made with 30 terminal taxa for the "Palaeochelys sensu lato - Mauremys" group and two outgroups (Platysternon megacephalum and Elkemys australis); 54 anatomical characters are described. An alternative hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships (not computerized) is proposed. An updated catalogue of the French Tertiary localities bearing chelonians is provided. The biostratigraphic and paleobiogeographical distribution of the various continental chelonian groups is studied, showing the palaeoenvironnemental and paleoecological significance of chelonians and the limits of their biostratigraphic significance
White, Kevin. "Two studies related to St. Thomas Aquinas' commentary on Aristotle's De sensu et sensato, together with an edition of Peter of Auvergne's Quaestiones super parva naturalia." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5519.
Full textJanoo, Anwar. "La position phylogénétique du dodo (raphus cucullatus l. ) et du solitaire (pezophaps solitaria gm. ) : l’évolution du complexe coracoïdien au sein des ornithurae, centrée sur les neognathae (divisions 4 et 5 sensu cracraft 1981)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MNHN0010.
Full textOliveira, Xavier Sabrina. "La thèse CIFRE : Etude pluridisciplinaire d'un instrument juridique au service de la politique de recherche et d'innovation dans une approche Franco-Brésilienne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALD001.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to conduct a multidisciplinary study of a legal instrument, CIFRE device at the service of research and innovation policy in a Franco-Brazilian approach. Our ambition was to understand the contractual set of the CIFRE device, which fits into a complex ecosystem, and which is made up of several actors (government / business / university / doctoral student). These actors belong to universes far from each other and have distinct characteristics such as, for example, divergent vocabularies and different perspectives vis-à-vis the device. This choice led us to carry out an in-depth and systematic study, which includes agreements and labor low (a universe in constant evolution), in addition a meticulous analysis of the positioning of this device vis-à-vis RD&I policies in the era of the knowledge society has been achieved. In addition, we have added to our research work the CIFRE / Brazil project, implemented in 2013, which strengthens the long and fruitful scientific and technological interaction between our two countries. This integration made our study even more complex because we found ourselves faced with a system that extended to the international field. Finally, to complete this already well-supplied scenario, we analyzed Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial. The method used for this doctoral work is based on theoretical and practical studies which, through “upstream” and “downstream” feedback, feed into the contractual engineering of the CIFRE device (nutrition in loop). This configuration adopted to carry out this doctoral study made it possible to conclude that the contractual set of the CIFRE device fulfills its role well since its creation in 1981, however faced with the current conjuncture of multi-actor production based on the knowledge society, several points deserve special attention (points of vigilance). The studies carried out on the CIFRE / Brazil project allow us to affirm that it accommodates the same legal questions as the CIFRE device, with the ensuing implications in the contractual clauses, however it also has administrative complications. It should be noted that a good understanding of the CIFRE and CIFRE / Brazil systems offers Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial (Master and Professional Doctorate - CAPES and Academic Doctorate for Innovation - DAI / CNPq) good opportunities for improvement. This allows this doctoral work to present an exhaustive study of the device (theoretical and practical analysis) by providing a vision of the contractual whole and by signaling the points of dysfunction and their possibilities for improvement. The conclusions which are presented are, therefore, very important contributions for Brazilian initiatives in the stricto sensu industrial, because they make it possible to inform the Brazilian public authorities on the possibilities of improving existing programs in order to achieve efficiency, traceability and the employability of the CIFRE device