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Journal articles on the topic 'DCT TECHNIQUE'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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1

Behl, Nipun, and Shivangi Katiyar. "Diagonally Assisted DCT Technique for Face Recognition: DA-DCT." International Journal of Computer Applications 141, no. 11 (May 17, 2016): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2016909848.

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2

Baithoon, Nushwan Yousif. "Zeros Removal with DCT Image Compression Technique." Journal of Kufa for Mathematics and Computer 1, no. 3 (May 30, 2011): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31642/jokmc/2018/010305.

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The discrete cosine transform (DCT) is a method for converting a signal into plain frequency components. It is extensively used in image compression. In this paper a new technique is proposed, namely ZRDCT (Zeros Removal with DCT) which is based on a lossy compression, and used to enhance image data compression.Image quality is measured impartially, using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) or picture quality scale, and individually using perceived image quality with compression factor (CF) being the main theme of this paper, taking into consideration the preservation of well PSNR outputs.Â The performance of DCT compression generally degrades low bit-rates mainly because of the underlying block-based DCT scheme. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the ZRDCT approach, which enhanced the performance of the conventional DCT image compression methods, by investigating and interrogating the whole image and hence enforcing mechanisms for finding possible redundant information and therefore the removal of unnecessary data which lead to an improvement in CF without upsetting PSNR.The new technique also proved to have low distortions with good quality PSNR, commendable CF and good execution time, when compared to other various DCT schemes and with some wavelet based image compression

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3

Bansal, Deepika, and Rita Chhikara. "An Improved DCT based Steganography Technique." International Journal of Computer Applications 102, no. 14 (September 18, 2014): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/17887-8861.

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4

said, Shaimaa A. El. "Efficient DCT-based image compression technique." International Journal of Signal and Imaging Systems Engineering 6, no. 4 (2013): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsise.2013.056637.

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Saraiva, Aratã Andrade, Felipe Castro, Marcos Soares de Oliveira, and José Vigno Moura Sousa. "Identification of exonic regions in dna sequences an approach using cross-correlation and noise suppression by discrete cosine transform." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (September 11, 2020): e883998173. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.8173.

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To identify the exonic regions in the DNA sequence of Chromosome 23, filtering techniques are used. DCT is a technique with the ability to remove noise from signals as shown in [Saraiva et al., 2018], in addition, noise suppression with DCT is not enough in itself, so in this work a new method of identifying exonic regions using cross correlation with DCT together with an FFT-based bandpass filter to decrease signal noise and find exonic regions.

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RENDRAGRAHA, RENDY DWI, GELAR BUDIMAN, and IRMA SAFITRI. "QIM - Based Audio Watermarking with Combination Technique of DCT-QR-CPT." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 7, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v7i1.112.

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ABSTRAKAudio watermarking adalah teknik memasukkan informasi ke dalam file audio dan untuk melindungi hak cipta data digital dari distribusi ilegal. Makalah ini memperkenalkan audio stereo watermarking berdasarkan Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) dengan teknik gabungan Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) - QRCartesian Polar Transform (CPT). Host audio dibagi menjadi beberapa frame, selanjutnya setiap frame ditransformasi oleh DCT, kemudian output DCT diuraikan menjadi matriks orthogonal dan matriks segitiga menggunakan metode QR. Selanjutnya, CPT mengubah dua koefisien kartesian dari matriks segitiga (R) pada posisi (1,1) dan (2,2) menjadi koefisien polar. Setelah itu, penyisipan dilakukan pada koefisien polar oleh QIM. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa imperseptibilitas audio terwatermark berkualitas baik dengan Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)> 20, Mean Opinion Score (MOS)> 4 dan tahan terhadap serangan seperti Low Pass Filter (LPF) dan Band Pass Filter (BPF) dengan cut off 25-6k, resampling, Linear Speed Change (LSC) dan MP3 Compression dengan rate diatas 64 kbps.Kata kunci: Audio Watermarking, CPT, DCT, QIM, QR ABSTRACTAudio watermarking is a technique for inserting information into an audio file and to protect the copyright of digital data from illegal distribution. This paper introduces a stereo audio watermarking based on Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) with combined technique Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) – QR – Cartesian Polar Transform (CPT). Each frame of a host audio is transformed by DCT, then DCT output is decomposed using QR method. Next, CPT transform two cartesian coefficients from triangular matrix (R) in position (1,1) and (2,2) to polar coefficients. After that, embedding is executed on polar coefficients by QIM. The simulation result shows that the imperceptibility is good with Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)>20, Mean Opinion Score (MOS)>4 and it is robust against attacks such as Low Pass Filter (LPF) and Band Pass Filter (BPF) with cut off 25-6k, Resampling, Linear Speed Change and MP3 Compression with rate 64 kbps and above. Keywords: Audio Watermarking, CPT, DCT, QIM, QR

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7

Kaur, Randeep, and Kamaljit Kaur Dhillon. "GRAYSCALE IMAGE WATERMARK DETECTION." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 3, no. 1 (August 1, 2012): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v3i1b.2748.

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A Digital watermarking is a technique that provides a solution to the longstanding problems faced with copyrighting digital data. Digital watermarks are pieces of information added to digital data (audio, video, or still images) that can be detected or extracted later to make an assertion about the data. This information can be textual data about the author, its copyright, etc; or it can be an image itself. Watermarking Based on DCT Coefficient Modulation technique embeds the watermark in the DCT domain to increase the robustness of the watermarking scheme.DCT based watermarking is an example of frequency domain watermarking. The objective of this research work is to implement DCT based watermarking technique on gray scale image. The study focuses on evaluating the robustness of watermarked image after having three different attacks on watermarked image and extraction of watermark from that particular image. To compare the DCT based watermarking with LSB based watermarking and to validate the proposed work & the comparative results of watermarking using DCT and LSB are also presented. This paper recommends DCT based technique for achieving robustness in digital image watermarking.

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8

Kong, Hui Fang, and Yu Ning Qiu. "Analysis of the Solenoid Driving Technique for DCT." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 1162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.1162.

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The control principle of DCT hydraulic system and the working principle of solenoid were described. The solenoid driving circuits based on TLE6220GP and TLE7242-2G of Infineon were designed. The principle of TLE7242-2G control the proportional solenoid and the calculation formula of Kp, Ki were analyzed. The current control waveforms of proportional solenoid in different Kp, Ki were given according to MATLAB simulation.

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9

Gupta, Mukta, Prem Shanker Yadav, and Anubhav Bewerwal. "Blue Channel Replacement Technique for DCT-Compressed Image." International Journal of Applied Information Systems 4, no. 10 (December 15, 2012): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijais12-450796.

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10

Pal, Suryakanta, Sudhakar Sahoo, and Birendra Kumar Nayak. "Deterministic Computing Techniques for Perfect Density Classification." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 29, no. 05 (May 2019): 1950064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127419500640.

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The aim of this paper is to solve the density classification task (DCT), an extensively studied classical problem, using one-dimensional nonuniform Cellular Automata (CA) rules. A perfect solution of DCT requires searching for CA rules for binary strings of all possible lengths. But the generic problem is still open though the solution exists only for a specific fixed length CA. This paper provides two fundamental ideas to solve this problem in a better way. The first technique solves this problem using deterministic Turing machines which ultimately leads to generation of different CA rules under periodic boundary conditions. In the second technique, the existence of DCT solution by analyzing the state transition diagrams (STDs) of number conserving CA rules is investigated. The possibility of finding the exact solutions of DCT using Turing machine, STD and number conservation property of CA rules can be viewed as an improvement over the approximate solutions obtained by evolutionary techniques.

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11

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Combined DWT and DCT Image Compression Using Sliding RLE Technique." Baghdad Science Journal 8, no. 3 (September 4, 2011): 832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.8.3.832-839.

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A number of compression schemes were put forward to achieve high compression factors with high image quality at a low computational time. In this paper, a combined transform coding scheme is proposed which is based on discrete wavelet (DWT) and discrete cosine (DCT) transforms with an added new enhancement method, which is the sliding run length encoding (SRLE) technique, to further improve compression. The advantages of the wavelet and the discrete cosine transforms were utilized to encode the image. This first step involves transforming the color components of the image from RGB to YUV planes to acquire the advantage of the existing spectral correlation and consequently gaining more compression. DWT is then applied to the Y, U and V color space information giving the approximate and the detail coefficients. The detail coefficients are quantized, coded using run length encoding (RLE) and SRLE. The approximate coefficients were coded using DCT, since DCT has superior compression performance when image information has poor power concentration in high frequency areas. This output is also quantized, coded using RLE and SRLE. Test results showed that the proposed DWT DCT SRLE system proved to have encouraging results in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Compression Factor (CF) and execution time when compared with some DWT based image compressions.

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12

Falahi, Mr Moayad Al, and Dr Janaki Sivakumar. "Comparitive Analysis and Findings on Dct & Lbg Compression Techniques." International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science 9, no. 06 (June 26, 2020): 25075–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v9i06.4463.

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The main objective of this project is to develop an application to find the best compression technique to store Muscat College students' photographs in less storage. MATLAB software will be used to develop a Graphical User Interface GUI application and implement two image compression techniques which are lossless compression using the DCT algorithm and lossy compression using the LBG algorithm. The application shall allow the user to select and test a sample image by applying both these techniques for any student image he\she selects in order to compare the results by display the image after compression and the histogram to find which the most suitable compression technique is. Also, the application shall show the size of images before and after applying the compression process and show the compression ratio and relative data redundancy of compressed image/images. The main functionality is that the application shall allow the user to do bulk processing to apply image enhancement and image compression technique to enhance and compress all the photographs of students and store them in less space.

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13

Franco Steier, Volker, Edgar Sobral Ashiuchi, Lutz Reißig, and José Alexander Araújo. "Effect of a Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Wear and Microstructure of a 6101 Aluminum Alloy." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1582490.

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The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of a deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) on the wear behavior and on the microstructure of an aluminum alloy. In order to compare the level of improvement on the wear resistance provided by the DCT with a more traditional technique, a test matrix which included DCT, CrN coated specimens, and combinations of both modification methods was conducted. The wear behavior was investigated using microabrasive wear tests. The cryogenic treated specimens proved to have similar low wear rates as the specimens coated with CrN. The most distinct improvement was reached with a combination of both techniques. In the case of the DCT, the performed microstructural analysis identified the generation of additional GP-zones as the reason for the improved wear resistance.

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14

Gupta, Shilpi, Upena Dalal, and Vishnu Narayan Mishra. "Performance on ICI Self-Cancellation in FFT-OFDM and DCT-OFDM System." Journal of Function Spaces 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/854753.

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In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the existence of frequency offset in AWGN channel affects the orthogonality among the subcarriers and consequently introduces the intercarrier interference (ICI). The paper investigates new ICI self-cancellation technique to mitigate the effect of ICI in FFT-OFDM and compares it to DCT based OFDM system in terms of bit error rate (BER) and carrier to interference ratio (CIR). The proposed method for group size three results in a significant 20 dB improved CIR in FFT-OFDM. In terms of BER, proposed ICI self-cancellation technique outperforms the other self-cancellation techniques in FFT-OFDM. Also, this paper investigates outperforming BER and CIR improvement by using DCT-OFDM without applying self-cancellation techniques, due to its energy compaction property.

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15

Dr Fadhil Salman Abed, and Nada Abdul Aziz Mustafa. "A proposed Technique for Information Hiding Based on DCT." International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology 2, no. 5 (December 31, 2010): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/ijact.vol2.issue5.16.

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16

Huang, Junqi, T. Nandha Kumar, and Haider Abbas. "Zigzag low-complexity approximate DCT using frequency upscaling technique." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1962, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1962/1/012050.

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17

., Priya Porwal. "DIGITAL VIDEO WATERMARKING USING MODIFIED LSB AND DCT TECHNIQUE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 04 (April 25, 2014): 630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0304112.

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18

Amhammed, Aesha A. "A HYBRID IMAGE COMRESSION TECHNIQUE USING DFT AND DCT." International Journal of Science and Applied Information Technology 8, no. 6 (December 15, 2019): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30534/ijsait/2019/158620198.

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19

Lebcir, Mohamed, Suryanti Awang, and Ali Benziane. "Reversible Watermarking Technique for Fingerprint authentication based on DCT." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 769 (June 9, 2020): 012070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/769/1/012070.

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20

Zhao, Y., G. Cheng, and S. Yu. "Postprocessing technique for blocking artifacts reduction in DCT domain." Electronics Letters 40, no. 19 (2004): 1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20046044.

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21

Asatryan, D. G., and J. Patera. "Edge-detection algorithm based on DCT continuous extension technique." Physics of Atomic Nuclei 71, no. 5 (May 2008): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063778808050049.

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22

Sherlock, B. G., and Y. P. Kakad. "Transform domain technique for windowing the DCT and DST." Journal of the Franklin Institute 339, no. 1 (January 2002): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-0032(01)00058-8.

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23

Choi, Yoonki, and Kiyoharu Aizawa. "Digital watermarking technique using block correlation of DCT coefficients." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part II: Electronics) 85, no. 9 (August 15, 2002): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecjb.10069.

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Lenthe, William C., McLean P. Echlin, Andreas Trenkle, Melanie Syha, Peter Gumbsch, and Tresa M. Pollock. "Quantitative voxel-to-voxel comparison of TriBeam and DCT strontium titanate three-dimensional data sets." Journal of Applied Crystallography 48, no. 4 (June 27, 2015): 1034–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576715009231.

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Recently, techniques for the acquisition of three-dimensional tomographic and four-dimensional time-resolved data sets have emerged, allowing for the analysis of mm3volumes of material with nm-scale resolution. The ability to merge multi-modal data sets acquiredviamultiple techniques for the quantitative analysis of structure, chemistry and phase information is still a significant challenge. Large three-dimensional data sets have been acquired by time-resolved diffraction contrast tomography (DCT) and a new TriBeam tomography technique with high spatial resolution to address grain growth in strontium titanate. A methodology for combining three-dimensional tomographic data has been developed. Algorithms for the alignment of orientation reference frames, unification of sampling grids and automated grain matching have been integrated, and the resulting merged data set permits the simultaneous analysis of all tomographic data on a voxel-by-voxel and grain-by-grain basis. Quantitative analysis of merged data sets collected using DCT and TriBeam tomography shows that the spatial resolution of the DCT technique is limited near grain boundaries and the sample edge, resolving grains down to 10 µm diameter for the reconstruction method used. While the TriBeam technique allows for higher-resolution analysis of boundary plane location, it is a destructive tomography approach and can only be employed at the conclusion of a four-dimensional experiment.

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Mechouek, Khaoula, Nasreddine Kouadria, Noureddine Doghmane, and Nadia Kaddeche. "Low Complexity DCT Approximation for Image Compression in Wireless Image Sensor Networks." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 25, no. 08 (May 17, 2016): 1650088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126616500882.

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Energy consumption is a critical problem affecting the lifetime of wireless image sensor networks (WISNs). In such systems, images are usually compressed using JPEG standard to save energy during transmission. And since DCT transformation is the most computationally intensive part in the JPEG technique, several approximation techniques have been proposed to further decrease the energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity DCT approximation method which is based on the combination of the rounded DCT with a pruned approach. Experimental comparison with recently proposed schemes, using Atmel Atmega128L platform, shows that our method requires less arithmetic operations, and hence less processing time and/or the energy consumption while providing better performance in terms of PSNR metric.

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26

Reddy, KVSV Trinadh, and S. Narayana Reddy. "An Improved Medical Image Watermarking Technique Based on Weber’s Law Descriptors." Traitement du Signal 38, no. 6 (December 31, 2021): 1637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ts.380607.

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In distributed m-health communication, it is a major challenge to develop an efficient blind watermarking method to protect the confidential medical data of patients. This paper proposes an efficient blind watermarking for medical images, which boasts a very high embedding capacity, a good robustness, and a strong imperceptibility. Three techniques, namely, discrete cosine transform (DCT), Weber’s descriptors (WDs), and Arnold chaotic map, were integrated to our method. Specifically, the Arnold chaotic map was used to scramble the watermark image. Then, the medical image was partitioned into non-over lapping blocks, and each block was subjected to DCT. After that, the scrambled watermark image data were embedded in the middle-band DCT coefficients of each block, such that two bits were embedded in each block. Simulation results show that the proposed watermarking method provides better imperceptibility, robustness, and computational complexity results with higher embedding capacity than the contrastive method.

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Gupta, Gaurav, Amit Mahesh Joshi, and Kanika Sharma. "AN EFFICIENT ROBUST IMAGE WATERMARKING BASED ON AC PREDICTION TECHNIQUE USING DCT TECHNIQUE." ICTACT Journal on Image and Video Processing 06, no. 01 (August 1, 2015): 1055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21917/ijivp.2015.0154.

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28

Alex Rajju Balan, J. A., and S. Edward Rajan. "A novel embedding technique for lossless data hiding in medical images employing histogram shifting method." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 12, no. 03 (May 2014): 1450026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021969131450026x.

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In this paper, a lossless data hiding method based on histogram shifting for MR images using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) are presented. In this method, the algorithms are validated to hide the data in wavelet coefficients of high frequency subbands. This scheme has the advantage of comparing the DCT coefficients and the DWT coefficients which permit low distortion between the watermarked image and the original image. It also shifts a part of the histogram of high frequency subbands and embeds the data by using the created histogram zero point. To prevent the overflows and underflows in the spatial domain, caused by the modification of the DCT coefficients and the DWT coefficients, the histogram modification technique is applied. Therefore, we present a validated method to evaluate and compare the performance of DWT and DCT on task, in terms of data embedding payload and the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) in the medical image. A careful experimental analysis validates the method showing its superiority over the existing methods.

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ELSHARKAWY, R. R., M. HINDY, S. EL-RABAIE, and M. I. DESSOUKY. "FET SMALL-SIGNAL MODELING USING MEL-FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS AND THE DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 19, no. 08 (December 2010): 1835–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126610007158.

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In this paper, a novel neural technique is proposed for FET small-signal modeling. This technique is based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs). The input data to traditional neural systems for FET small-signal modeling are the scattering parameters and the corresponding frequencies in a certain band, and the outputs are the circuit elements. In the proposed technique, the input data are considered random, and the MFCCs are calculated from these inputs and their DCT. The MFCCs are used to give a few features from the input random data sequence to be used for the training of the neural networks. The objective of using MFCCs is to characterize the random input sequence with features that are robust against measurement errors. The MFCCs extracted from the DCT of the inputs increase the robustness against measurement errors. There are two benefits that can be achieved using the proposed technique; a reduction in the number of neural inputs and hence a faster convergence of the neural training algorithm and a robustness against measurement errors in the testing phase. Experimental results show that the technique based on the DCT and MFCCs is less sensitive to measurement errors than using the actual measured scattering parameters.

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30

Waqas, Ghulam Jilani, Ishtiaq Ahmad, Muhammad Kashif Samee, Muhammad Nasir Khan, and Ali Raza. "A hybrid OFDM–CDMA-based robust image watermarking technique." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 18, no. 06 (August 20, 2020): 2050043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691320500435.

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Digital watermarking is a process of embedding hidden information called watermark into different kinds of media objects. It uses basic modulation, multiplexing and transform techniques of communication for hiding information. Traditional techniques used are least significant bit (LSB) modification, discrete cosine transform (DCT), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), discrete Fourier transform (DFT), code division multiple access (CDMA) or a combination of these. Among these, CDMA is the most robust against different attacks except geometric attacks. This paper proposes a blind and highly robust watermarking technique by utilizing the basis of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and CDMA communication system. In this scheme, the insertion process starts by taking DFT of host images, permuting the watermark bits in randomized manner and recording them in a seed as a key. Then PSK modulation follows inverse DFT (IDFT) that gives watermark information as OFDM symbols. These symbols are spread using spreading codes and then arithmetically added to the host image. Finally, scheme applies inverse DCT (IDCT) to get watermarked host images. The simulation results of the proposed scheme are compared with CDMA-based scheme in DCT domain. The results show that the robustness of the proposed scheme is higher than the existing scheme for non-geometric attacks.

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Jalil, Alyaa Jaber. "Robust Digital Images Watermarking Technique Based on Eigenvectors." Journal of Education College Wasit University 2, no. 25 (December 5, 2021): 1305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/eduj.vol2.iss25.2739.

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النمو الحالي في تكنولوجيا الصور ولدت الحاجة إلى تقنيات استخدمت لحماية حقوق الطبع للصور الرقمية. في هذا البحث, تم اقتراح منهج علامة مائية جديد ومتين معتمد على الطيف المنتشر. المنهج المقترح يعتمد على كل من التحويل المويجي المنفصل(DWT) والتحويل ألجيبي المنفصل (DCT). أولا, قمنا بتحليل الصورة إلى مستوى واحد باستخدام (DWT). بعد ذلك تم تقسيم جزء التقريب إلى كتل. التضمين تم بطريقة متكيفة وذلك بالاعتماد على القيم الذاتية للكتلة. سلسلة مشوشة جدا من الأرقام الحقيقية, المولدة بالاعتماد على مفتاح سري, تم اعتبارها علامة مائية سيتم تضمينها في معاملات DCT من الكتل المختارة. مرحلة اكتشاف العلامة المائية تولد علامة يتم مقارنتها مع العلامة الأصلية, باستخدام مقياس الارتباط, لتحديد وجود العلامة المائية أو عدمه. عدة فحوصات تم اختبارها لتوضيح الشفافية والمتانة للمنهج المستخدم.

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32

Feng, Gui, and Yi Min Yang. "Adaptive DCT Based Digital Watermarking Scheme." Applied Mechanics and Materials 20-23 (January 2010): 1136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.20-23.1136.

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The paper proposes an adaptive digital watermarking scheme based on chaos sequence and DCT transform. The scheme can choose the location for watermark inserting adaptively, and properly assign the embedding intensity in different inserting locations according to the characteristic of human visual system (HVS). On the other hand, this scheme combines chaos sequence and scrambling technique to improve the ability to withstand various attacks. The experimental results show that, the method can basically satisfy transparency and robustness requirement.

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Ismeel, Ban Sabah. "Adaptive inter frame compression using image segmented technique." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 11, no. 21 (February 24, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v11i21.361.

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The computer vision branch of the artificial intelligence field is concerned with developing algorithms for analyzing video image content. Extracting edge information, which is the essential process in most pictorial pattern recognition problems. A new method of edge detection technique has been introduces in this research, for detecting boundaries. Selection of typical lossy techniques for encoding edge video images are also discussed in this research. The concentration is devoted to discuss the Block-Truncation coding technique and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coding technique. In order to reduce the volume of pictorial data which one may need to store or transmit, the research modifies a method for video image data compression based on the two-component code; in this coding technique, the video image is partitioned into regions of slowly varying intensity. The contours separating the regions are coded by DCT, while the rest image regions are coded by Block-Truncation Coding. this hybrid coding technique called segmented image coding (SIC). Also in this paper A modify of the four step search for motion Estimation technique was produce. for searching scheme has been introduced which is contributed in decreasing the motion estimation searching time of the successive inter frames.

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Singh, Satvir. "Efficient Steganography Algorithm Based On DCT And Entropy Thresholding Technique." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 1 (February 3, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i1.483.

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Steganography is the special art of hidding important and confidential information in appropriate multimedia carrier. It also restrict the detection of hidden messages. In this paper we proposes steganographic method based on dct and entropy thresholding technique. The steganographic algorithm uses random function in order to select block of the image where the elements of the binary sequence of a secret message will be inserted. Insertion takes place at the lower frequency AC coefficients of the block. Before we insert the secret message. Image under goes dc transformations after insertion of the secret message we apply inverse dc transformations. Secret message will only be inserted into a particular block if entropy value of that particular block is greater then threshold value of the entropy and if block is selected by the random function. In Experimental work we calculated the peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR), Absolute difference , Relative entropy. Proposed algorithm give high value of PSNR and low value of Absolute difference which clearly indicate level of distortion in image due to insertion of secret message is reduced. Also value of relative entropy is close to zero which clearly indicate proposed algorithm is sufficiently secure.

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Sum, John, Chi-Sing Leung, Ray C. C. Cheung, and Tze-Yiu Ho. "HEALPIX DCT technique for compressing PCA-based illumination adjustable images." Neural Computing and Applications 22, no. 7-8 (June 22, 2012): 1291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00521-012-1003-5.

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Sun, Qiudong, Liandong Wang, Yufeng Shao, and Jiancun Zuo. "Watermarking technique based on three-coefficient comparison in DCT domain." Journal of Supercomputing 72, no. 7 (October 7, 2015): 2594–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11227-015-1531-8.

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Kanhe, Aniruddha, and Aghila Gnanasekaran. "A Blind Audio Watermarking Scheme Employing DCT–HT–SD Technique." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 38, no. 8 (November 22, 2018): 3697–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00034-018-0994-2.

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Kai-Tat Fung and Wan-Chi Siu. "DCT-based video downscaling transcoder using split and merge technique." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 15, no. 2 (February 2006): 394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2005.863118.

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Singh, Roop, Alaknanda Ashok, and Mukesh Saraswat. "Optimised robust watermarking technique using CKGSA in DCT-SVD domain." IET Image Processing 14, no. 10 (August 21, 2020): 2052–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2019.1059.

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Tang, Jinshan. "A contrast based image fusion technique in the DCT domain." Digital Signal Processing 14, no. 3 (May 2004): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2003.06.001.

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Qi, Yao Long, and Zi Yu Cheng. "DCT-Domain Blind Detection Watermarking Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 608-609 (October 2014): 468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.608-609.468.

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The digitization of information medium not only provides great convenience for the access of information, but also evidently improves the efficiency and accuracy of information expression. Especially with the development of modern net-communication technique, the exchange and transmission of data becomes very easy. The paper proposes a new image watermarking algorithm —— DCT-domain binary image watermarking algorithm. The algorithm is a blind detection algorithm without the needs of host primary image in the process of extracting watermark. The added watermarking information has good invisibility. And it has better anti-attack capability on JPEG attack of watermarking attack method.

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Bhandari, Arpana, Rajiv Shrivastava, and Shailja Shukla. "A New Approach of an Image Watermarking Technique Based on DWT DCT and SVD, ARNOLD." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 8, no. 1 (2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.812005.

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There has been rising use of SVD, the digital watermarking tools in change domain has really evolved. It is based on DWT, DCT and SVD, we prepare a new watermarking system for algorithmic image. Our experimental results show that this practice combines the advantages of these three transforms. We can see compared with the SVD and the DCT plus SVD system the projected method has stronger robustness and faster speed in implanting and extracting.

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Siddiqui, M. F., A. W. Reza, J. Kanesan, and H. Ramiah. "Investigation of a Novel Common Subexpression Elimination Method for Low Power and Area Efficient DCT Architecture." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/620868.

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A wide interest has been observed to find a low power and area efficient hardware design of discrete cosine transform (DCT) algorithm. This research work proposed a novel Common Subexpression Elimination (CSE) based pipelined architecture for DCT, aimed at reproducing the cost metrics of power and area while maintaining high speed and accuracy in DCT applications. The proposed design combines the techniques of Canonical Signed Digit (CSD) representation and CSE to implement the multiplier-less method for fixed constant multiplication of DCT coefficients. Furthermore, symmetry in the DCT coefficient matrix is used with CSE to further decrease the number of arithmetic operations. This architecture needs a single-port memory to feed the inputs instead of multiport memory, which leads to reduction of the hardware cost and area. From the analysis of experimental results and performance comparisons, it is observed that the proposed scheme uses minimum logic utilizing mere 340 slices and 22 adders. Moreover, this design meets the real time constraints of different video/image coders and peak-signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR) requirements. Furthermore, the proposed technique has significant advantages over recent well-known methods along with accuracy in terms of power reduction, silicon area usage, and maximum operating frequency by 41%, 15%, and 15%, respectively.

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Shiozawa, Daiki, Yoshikazu Nakai, Ryotaro Miura, and Shota Matsuda. "Evaluation of Fatigue Damage by Diffraction Contrast Tomography Using Synchrotron Radiation." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 2359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.2359.

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The three dimensional grain mapping technique for polycrystalline material, which is called X-ray diffraction contrast tomography (DCT) has proposed. In the present study, the measurement of DCT was conducted in SPring-8, which is the brightest synchrotron radiation facility in Japan, and the condition of measurement and data procedure are discussed. Developed technique was applied to aluminium alloy and stainless steel. The shape and location of grain could be determined by the developed three-dimensional mapping technique using the apparatus in a bending beam line of SPring-8. To evaluate plastic deformation, the grain orientation spreads of individual grains were measured. The grain orientation spread is caused by the mosaicity, which relates to the dislocation structure in a grain. The grain orientation spread was found to increase with increasing plastic strain. Fatigue damage also could be evaluated by the grain orientation spread in the DCT measurement.

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Shiozawa, Daiki, Yoshikazu Nakai, Ryotaro Miura, and Shota Matsuda. "Evaluation of Fatigue Damage by Diffraction Contrast Tomography Using Synchrotron Radiation." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.600.

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The three dimensional grain mapping technique for polycrystalline material, which is called X-ray diffraction contrast tomography (DCT) has proposed. In the present study, the measurement of DCT was conducted in SPring-8, which is the brightest synchrotron radiation facility in Japan, and the condition of measurement and data procedure are discussed. Developed technique was applied to aluminium alloy and stainless steel. The shape and location of grain could be determined by the developed three-dimensional mapping technique using the apparatus in a bending beam line of SPring-8. To evaluate plastic deformation, the grain orientation spreads of individual grains were measured. The grain orientation spread is caused by the mosaicity, which relates to the dislocation structure in a grain. The grain orientation spread was found to increase with increasing plastic strain. Fatigue damage also could be evaluated by the grain orientation spread in the DCT measurement.

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Jessintha, D., M. Kannan, and P. L. Srinivasan. "Energy Efficient VLSI Based DCT Architecture with Accurate Error Compensation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 626 (August 2014): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.626.127.

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Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is commonly used in image compression. In the history of DCT, a milestone was the Distributed Arithmetic (DA) technique. Due to the technology dependency a multiplier-less computation was built with DA based technique. It occupied less area but the throughput is less. Later, due to the technology scaling, multiplier based architectures can be easily adapted for low-power and high-performance architecture. Fixed width multipliers [1]-[7] reduces hardware and time complexity. In this work, Radix 4 fixed width multiplier is adapted with DCT architecture due to low power consumption and saves 30% power. In order to reduce truncation errors caused during fixed width multiplication, an estimation circuit is designed based on conditional probability theory.

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Sharmila, Vallem, and K. Ashoka Reddy. "Identification of Premature Ventricular Cycles of Electrocardiogram Using Discrete Cosine Transform-Teager Energy Operator Model." Journal of Medical Engineering 2015 (March 2, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/438569.

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An algorithm based on the ability of TEO to track the changes in the envelope of ECG signal is proposed for identifying PVCs in ECG. Teager energy is calculated from DCT coefficients of ECG signal. This method can be considered as computationally efficient algorithm when compared with the well-known DCT cepstrum technique. EPE is derived from the teager energy of DCT coefficients in DCT-TEO method and from the cepstrum of DCT coefficients in the existing method. EPE determines the decay rate of the action potential of ECG beat and provides sufficient information to identify the PVC beats in ECG data. EPEs obtained by DCT-TEO and existing DCT cepstrum models are compared. The proposed algorithm has resulted in performance measures like sensitivity of 98–100%, positive predictivity of 100%, and detection error rate of 0.03%, when tested on MIT-BIH database signals consisting of PVC and normal beats. Result analysis reveals that the DCT-TEO algorithm worked well in clear identification of PVCs from normal beats compared to the existing algorithm, even in the presence of artifacts like baseline wander, PLI, and noise with SNR of up to −5 dB.

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Khan, Sahib, Khalil Khan, Arslan Arif, Mahmoud Hassaballah, Jehad Ali, Qui Thanh Hoai Ta, and Lisu Yu. "A Modulo Function-Based Robust Asymmetric Variable Data Hiding Using DCT." Symmetry 12, no. 10 (October 12, 2020): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12101659.

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This work presents a new asymmetric data hiding technique that hides a variable number of secret message bits in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of a cover image using a modular distance technique. Prior to data hiding, the proposed framework transforms a cover image from a spatial domain to various frequency coefficients using DCT. The DCT coefficients are arranged in two groups: one with low-frequency coefficient, and the other with the medium and high-frequency coefficients. The medium and higher frequency coefficients are processed for variable data hiding asymmetrically. The proposed technique hides variable sets of secret information bits in different coefficients. The variation in hidden secret information is maintained using a key developed based on the modulo of distance of a coefficient from the reference point. The same key is also used to retrieve the confidential information at the receiver ends. The results reveal that the presented framework does not create any visually significant distortion, and thus the hidden information does not attract the human visual system (HVS). The technique also results in high data hiding efficiency.

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Kim, Do Hwan, Myoung Jin Ho, Chan Kyu Jeong, and Myung Joo Kang. "Novel Bioequivalent Tablet of Solifenacin Succinate Prepared Using Direct Compression Technique for Improved Chemical Stability." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 6 (June 14, 2023): 1723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061723.

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We designed a bioequivalent tablet form of solifenacin succinate (SOL) with an improved storage stability using a direct compression (DC) technique. An optimal direct compressed tablet (DCT) containing an active substance (10 mg), lactose monohydrate, and silicified microcrystalline cellulose as diluents, crospovidone as a disintegrant, and hydrophilic fumed silica as an anti-coning agent was constructed by evaluating the drug content uniformity, mechanical properties, and in vitro dissolution. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the DCT were as follows: drug content 100.1 ± 0.7%, disintegration time of 6.7 min, over 95% release within 30 min in dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8, and distilled water), hardness > 107.8 N, and friability ~0.11%. The SOL-loaded tablet fabricated via DC showed an improved stability at 40 °C and RH 75%, exhibiting markedly reduced degradation products compared to those fabricated using ethanol or water-based wet granulation or a marketed product (Vesicare®, Astellas Pharma). Moreover, in a bioequivalence study in healthy subjects (n = 24), the optimized DCT offered a pharmacokinetic profile comparable to that of the marketed product, with no statistical differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters. The 90% CIs for the geometric mean ratios of the test to the reference formulation for the area under the curve and the maximum drug concentration in plasma were 0.98–1.05 and 0.98–1.07, respectively, and satisfied the FDA regulatory criteria for bioequivalence. Thus, we conclude that DCT is a beneficial oral dosage form of SOL with an improved chemical stability.

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Tang, Zhenjun, Lv Chen, Heng Yao, Xianquan Zhang, and Chunqiang Yu. "Video Hashing with DCT and NMF." Computer Journal 63, no. 7 (August 20, 2019): 1017–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxz060.

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Abstract Video hashing is a novel technique of multimedia processing and finds applications in video retrieval, video copy detection, anti-piracy search and video authentication. In this paper, we propose a robust video hashing based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) and non-negative matrix decomposition (NMF). The proposed video hashing extracts secure features from a normalized video via random partition and dominant DCT coefficients, and exploits NMF to learn a compact representation from the secure features. Experiments with 2050 videos are carried out to validate efficiency of the proposed video hashing. The results show that the proposed video hashing is robust to many digital operations and reaches good discrimination. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve comparisons illustrate that the proposed video hashing outperforms some state-of-the-art algorithms in classification between robustness and discrimination.

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