Journal articles: 'DC multi-phase'

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Choi, Jung-Sik, Byung-Chul Park, Dong-Hwa Chung, and Seung-Yeol Oh. "Study on the High Efficiency Bi-directional DC/DC Converter Topology Using Multi-Phase Interleaved Method." Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers 29, no. 2 (February 28, 2015): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5207/jieie.2015.29.2.082.

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Hinov, Nikolay, and Tsvetana Grigorova. "Design Considerations of Multi-Phase Buck DC-DC Converter." Applied Sciences 13, no. 19 (October 8, 2023): 11064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131911064.

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The main objective of this article is to propose a rational methodology for designing multi-phase step-down DC-DC converters, which can find applications both in engineering practice and in power electronics education. This study discusses the main types of losses in the multi-phase synchronous buck converter circuit (transistors’ conduction losses, high-side MOSFET’s switching losses, reverse recovery losses in the body diode, dead time losses, output capacitance losses in the MOSFETs, gate charge losses in MOSFETs, conduction losses in the inductor, and losses in the input and output capacitors) and provides analytical dependencies for their calculation. Based on the control examples for applications characterized by low voltage and high output current, the multi-phase buck converter’s output and input current ripples are analyzed and compared analytically and graphically (3D plots). Furthermore, graphical results of the converter efficiency at different numbers of phases (N = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12) are presented. An analysis of the impact of various parameters on power losses is conducted. Thus, a discussion on assessing the factors influencing the selection of the number of phases in the multi-phase synchronous buck converter is presented. The proposed systematized approach, which offers a fast and accurate method for calculating power losses and overall converter efficiency, reduces the need for extensive preliminary computational procedures and achieves optimized solutions. Simulation results for investigating power losses in 8-phase multi-phase synchronous buck converters are also presented. The relative error between analytical and simulation results does not exceed 4%.

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Saadatizadeh, Zahra, Pedram Chavoshipour Heris, Mehran Sabahi, and Xiaodong Liang. "Multi‐input multi‐phase transformerless large voltage conversion ratio DC/DC converter." International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 49, no. 12 (September 30, 2021): 4294–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cta.3117.

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Choi, Dae-Keun, and Kyo-Beum Lee. "Model-Based Predictive Control for Interleaved Multi-Phase DC/DC Converters." Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics 19, no. 5 (October 20, 2014): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.6113/tkpe.2014.19.5.415.

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Nie, Zipan, and Nigel Schofield. "Multi‐phase VSI DC‐link capacitor considerations." IET Electric Power Applications 13, no. 11 (April 29, 2019): 1804–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2019.0062.

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Kumar, Mukesh, Manoj Kumar Dewangan, and Maheedhar Dubey. "Implementation on Modeling and Analysis of Multi Stage with Multi Phase DC-DC Boost Converter." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 9, no. 1 (2021): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.912106.

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In this paper, a new version of the new Hybrid Boost DC-DC ready to draw power from two different DC sources for standard DC-bus feeds is presented. An important feature of the proposed converter is that both sources provide simultaneous power to a lower load than the reduced current rate. This feature is very attractive for DC grid applications. With the analysis of the time zone, steadystate performance is established and the transformational power correction parameters are obtained. In this paper, a powerful converter is introduced, with its operating principles based on charging pumps and converters of reinforcement series. In addition, although three switches are used, no separate gate driver is required instead of one bridge gate driver and one gate driver on the lower side. As such, the proposed converter is easy to analyze and easy to operate. In addition, additional test results are provided to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed converter.

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Zhou, Shijia, Fei Rong, Zhangtao Yin, Shoudao Huang, and Yuebin Zhou. "HVDC Transmission Technology of Wind Power System with Multi-Phase PMSG." Energies 11, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 3294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123294.

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The high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission technology of wind power system, with multi-phase permanent magnetic synchronous generator (PMSG) is proposed in this paper. Each set of three-phase winding of the multi-phase PMSG was connected to a diode rectifier. The output of the diode rectifier was connected by several parallel isolated DC–DC converters. Each DC–DC converter was connected to a sub-module (SM). All SMs and two inductors were connected in a series. The proposed wind power system has several advantages including, transformerless operation, low cost, low voltage stress, and high fault tolerance. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and energy balance of the DC–DC converters were achieved by controlling the duty cycles of the DC–DC converters. The HVDC transmission was achieved by the nearest level control (NLC) with voltage sorting. The simulation model with 18-phase PMSG was established. Experimental results were also studied based on RT-Lab.

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Ghazali, Mohd Shukri bin Mohd, Rahimi Bin Baharom, Khairul Safuan Bin Muhammad, and Dylan Dah-Chuan Lu. "Computer simulation model of multi-input multi-output converter using single-phase matrix converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i2.pp1047-1055.

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This paper presents a multi-input, multi-output power converter system using a single-phase matrix converter (SPMC) circuit topology. In particular, this technology is of vital importance in floating production such as offshore oil and gas platforms where space is crucial, therefore requiring a reduction in equipment size and weight. The proposed circuit topology only employed a single circuit to perform energy conversion of direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC), DC to DC, AC to DC, and AC to AC operations, thus can reduce the power losses resulting in high power density. As a result, it can promise technological advancement and convergence, hence, support the manufacturing sector transition to industry 4.0, and in line with the United Nation’s sustainable development goals. The proposed converter model will be validated in terms of electrical circuit operations through the computer simulation (MATLAB/Simulink) software.

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原, 增泉. "Multi-Phase DC-DC Converter with Bi-Directional Power Flow Ability for FCEV." Journal of Electrical Engineering 07, no. 01 (2019): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/jee.2019.71007.

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Al-Ammari, Rashid, Atif Iqbal, Amith Khandakar, Syed Rahman, and Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban. "Systematic Implementation of Multi-Phase Power Supply (Three to Six) Conversion System." Electronics 8, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8010109.

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Multiphase (more than three) power system has gained popularity due to their inherent advantages when compared to three-phase counterpart. Multiphase power supply is extensively used in AC/DC multi-pulse converters, especially supply with multiple of three-phases. AC/DC converter with multi-pulse input is a popular solution to reduce the ripple in the DC output. Single-phase and three-phase transformers and phase transformation from single to multiphase are employed in variable speed drives application to feed the multi-cell H-Bridge converters and multi-pulse AC-DC converters. Six-phase system is extensively discussed in the literature for numerous applications ranging from variable speed drives to multiphase wind energy generation system. This paper shows the systematic phase transformation technique from three-phase to six-phase (both symmetrical and asymmetrical) for both understanding and teaching purposes. Such an approach could help students understand a promising advanced concept in their undergraduate courses. When phase difference between the two consecutive phases of six phases has a phase difference of 60, it is called a symmetrical six-phase system; while an asymmetrical or quasi, six-phase has two set of three-phase with a phase shift of 30 between the two sets. Simulation and experimental results are also presented.

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Tsolaridis, Georgios, Min Jeong, and Juergen Biela. "Evaluation of Current Control Structures for Multi-Phase Interleaved DC-DC Converters." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 142616–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3121060.

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Kawakami, Taichi, and Masayoshi Yamamoto. "Reduced-Order Method for Mathematical Modeling of Multi-Phase DC-DC Converter." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 137, no. 3 (2017): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.137.207.

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MORENO-FONT, V., A. EL AROUDI, and L. BENADERO. "MODELING AND BIFURCATION BEHAVIOR OF MULTI-PHASE SIMIMO DC–DC SWITCHING REGULATORS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, no. 11 (November 2010): 3841–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410028021.

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In this paper, different discrete-time models in the form of maps are proposed and analyzed in order to describe the dynamics of single inductor multiple-input multiple-output (SIMIMO) switching DC–DC converters. These systems can be used to regulate generally multiple (positive and/or negative) outputs by means of individual switches associated to each of the outputs. These switches are current mode controlled through corresponding channels. The discrete-time approach allows the dynamical behavior of these systems to be accurately predicted as well as to detect possible subharmonic oscillations and chaotic behavior. Under certain operating conditions, for which the system can be modeled by a one-dimensional piecewise constant vector field, a simple one-dimensional and piecewise-linear (PWL) map can be obtained. Some closed form expressions for ensuring stability are derived from this map in terms of a stability index λ, which is, in turn, expressed in terms of system parameters. However, some discrepancies have been found between the switched model and this simpler map, and therefore a full order model is derived to obtain more accurate information about the actual dynamical behavior of these converters. The theoretical results are confirmed by one-dimensional bifurcation diagrams and codimension 1 two-parameter bifurcation curves obtained by standard continuation methods applied to the derived discrete-time models as well as from computer simulations from the switched model.

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Kim, Seung-Min, and Dong-Hee Kim. "A Study on DC-Link Current Ripple of Multi-Phase/Multi-Stage Boost Converter." TRANSACTIONS OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF POWER ELECTRONICS 28, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6113/tkpe.2023.28.1.59.

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Zhang, Jingzhang, Shujun Chen, Hongyan Zhao, Yue Yu, and Mingyu Liu. "Designing a Multi-Output Power Supply for Multi-Electrode Arc Welding." Electronics 12, no. 7 (April 4, 2023): 1702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12071702.

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Multi-output power converters using different architectures can have significant efficiency advantages. This paper proposes a multi-output welding power supply that is based on the middle DC converter distributed architecture. This machine includes two converter groups, and each group comprises a three-phase rectifier unit, a full-bridge converter unit, a HF (high frequency) transformer, a rectifier unit, and a chopper converter unit. Among these units, the three-phase rectifier unit, full-bridge converter unit, HF transformer, and rectifier unit convert three-phase AC voltage into a low voltage, and the chopper converter unit converts the low voltage into the required current. The welding power supply can output four DC and two AC currents. This paper also analyzes the stability of the welding power supply. Finally, a prototype is designed and verified through experiments, and the maximum output of the prototype is 300 A. The experimental results show that the converter can output different DC and AC currents according to the requirement, the multiple outputs are independent of the others, and the output phase and value are independently adjustable. After verification, the proposed multi-output welding power supply can output steady current according to the requirement.

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Tong, Minghao, Xiaoqiang Liu, Yudong Chen, Le Sun, and Zhiyuan Xu. "A Multi-Functional Integrated Onboard Charger for Dual-Motor Driving EVs." Energies 17, no. 21 (October 23, 2024): 5276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17215276.

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In this paper, to achieve versatile, cost-effective charging for dual-motor EVs, a multi-functional integrated onboard charger is constructed using a dual-motor driving system. In the driving mode, a five-phase flux-switching permanent-magnet (FSPM) motor powers the front, while a three-phase FSPM motor drives the rear. While in the charging mode, different topologies are adopted for different application scenarios, such as the single-phase AC charging mode, the three-phase AC charging mode, and the DC charging mode. The five-phase FSPM motor and its inverters serve as a boost-based AC/DC converter in both single-phase and three-phase AC charging modes, transforming grid power to DC. In the DC charging mode, they are reconfigured to function as a buck converter. During the three-phase AC charging mode, the three-phase FSPM motor and its inverters take on the role of a rear-stage buck converter. They function to regulate the rectified DC voltage, ensuring it meets battery charging needs. The performance of the integrated charger is validated through simulation and experiment results.

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Sato, Takahide, and Akira Odaka. "Design Methodology of Chip Area Efficient On-chip Multi-phase DC-DC Convertor." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 137, no. 6 (2017): 819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.137.819.

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Lai, Yiyu, Antoine Cizeron, Adrien Voldoire, Javier Ojeda, and Olivier Béthoux. "Analysis of DC-Link Low-Frequency Current Harmonics in Multi-Source Multi-Three-Phase Electric Drives." Electronics 13, no. 12 (June 7, 2024): 2236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13122236.

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In a multi-source permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive, three distinct winding structures can be implemented: multi-sector, multi-three-phase, and highly coupled. However, due to variations in the magnetic coupling between windings, their low-frequency DC-link current ripple components differ. This paper presents a method to identify the phenomena associated with each low-frequency harmonic content. Three analytical models are developed for the DC current ripple induced by unbalanced winding, counter-electromotive force (back-EMF) harmonics and aliasing effects, respectively, with the results validated through simulations. Experimental validation is conducted for highly coupled winding drives, demonstrating agreement with the analytical models and simulations. The maximum DC current ripple ratio found in the analytical model, the simulation and the experiments is less than 15%, which is deemed acceptable for motor drive applications.

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Stachon, K., G. Dissertori, T. Gadek, M. Hansen, S. Lusin, and W. Lustermann. "Modern high-availability multi-stage power distribution system for the CMS phase-2 upgrade." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 02 (February 1, 2023): C02053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/02/c02053.

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Abstract The operation of CMS at the HL-LHC requires an upgrade of the readout electronics. These new modern micro-electronics require power at precise voltages between 1.2 V and 2.5 V. We will deliver this power using a 3-stage system, comprising AC-DC conversion to 380 V DC followed by radiation-tolerant 12 V DC-DC power converters feeding radiation-hard point-of-load DC-DC converter. We have studied an industrial 380 V AC-DC conversion system, featuring hot-swappable 3 kW power modules, stackable up to ∼1 MW system. Such systems are candidates for the first conversion step, feeding custom power supplies accepting 400 V DC input voltage. Our tests on one of the commercially available systems purchased from Eltek demonstrated that the system complied with our requirements, most notably in terms of maintainability, availability and power quality. A few measurement plots perceived by authors as particularly interesting are discussed in this contribution.

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Wu, Jinn‐Chang, Hurng‐Liahng Jou, and Jyun‐Yi Jhang Jian. "Single‐phase multi‐level AC–DC power conversion interface." IET Power Electronics 9, no. 3 (March 2016): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0143.

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Rong, Fei, Wenlong Sun, Shijia Zhou, and Shoudao Huang. "Series‐connected single‐phase MMC for multi‐phase PMSG with DC grid." IET Power Electronics 12, no. 9 (July 18, 2019): 2179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2018.5693.

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Sampath, Suresh, Zahira Rahiman, Sharmeela Chenniappan, Elango Sundaram, Umashankar Subramaniam, and Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban. "Efficient Multi-Phase Converter for E-Mobility." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 4 (April 13, 2022): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13040067.

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The recent growth of battery-powered applications has increased the need for high-efficiency step-up dc-dc converters. The step-up conversion is commonly used in several applications, such as electric vehicle (EV); plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV); photovoltaic (PV) systems; uninterruptible power supplies (UPS); and fuel cell systems. The input current is shared among inductors by paralleling the converters; resulting in high reliability and efficiency. In this paper; a detailed analysis for reducing power loss and improving efficiency is discussed. In continuous conduction mode; the converters are tested with a constant duty cycle of 50%. The multi phase interleaved boost converter (MPIBC) is controlled by interleaved switching techniques; which have the same switching frequency but phases are shifted. The efficiency of the six phase IBC model is 93.82% and 95.74% for an input voltage of 20 V and 200 V, respectively. The presented six phase MPIBC is validated by comparing it with the existing six phase IBC. The result shows that the presented converter is better than the existing converter. The prototype of the two phase and six phase IBC is fabricated to test the performance. It is found that the output power at the load end is highest for the 5 kHz switching frequency.

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Harimon, M. A., A. Ponniran, A. N. Kasiran, and H. H. Hamzah. "A Study on 3-phase Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter Structure and Operation for Input Current Stress Reduction." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i4.pp1948-1953.

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This paper analyses a 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter for the conversion of low input voltage with high input current to higher DC output voltage. The operation of the 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter with multi-parallel of boost converters is controlled by interleaved of switching signals with 120 degrees phase-shifted. Therefore, with this circuit configuraion, high input current is evenly shared among the parallel units and consequently the current stress is reduced on the circuit and semiconductor devices and contributes reduction of overall losses. The simulation and hardware results show that the current stress and the semiconductor conduction losses were reduced approximately 33% and 32%, respectively in the 3-phase interleaved DC-DC boost converter compared to the conventional DC-DC boost converters. Furthermore, the use of interleaving technique with continuous conduction mode on DC-DC boost converters is reducing input current and output voltage ripples to increase reliability and efficiency of boost converters.

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Wu, Fengjiang, Kaixuan Wang, and Jianyong Su. "TAB Series-Resonant DC-DC Converter and Multi-Phase-Shift Based Global Optimization Modulation." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (July 4, 2022): 6783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136783.

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In this paper, a triple-active-bridge resonant dc-dc converter with the ability of topology-level power decoupling is proposed. The power coupling between the two dc ports is eliminated by adding a resonant capacitor to the common port. The operation principle and the steady-state power characteristics are analyzed. On this basis, a multi-phase-shift-based global optimization modulation is proposed to minimize the RMS values of the transformer currents in the entire power and voltage range, thus increasing the global efficiency. An experimental prototype is built to verify the correctness and availability of the proposed power decoupling topology and optimized modulation.

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Foti, Salvatore, Antonio Testa, Salvatore De Caro, Luigi Danilo Tornello, Giacomo Scelba, and Mario Cacciato. "Multi-Level Multi-Input Converter for Hybrid Renewable Energy Generators." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 22, 2021): 1764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061764.

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A three-phase multi-level multi-input power converter topology is presented for grid-connected applications. It encompasses a three-phase transformer that is operated on the primary side in an open-end winding configuration. Thus, the primary winding is supplied on one side by a three-phase N-level neutral point clamped inverter and, on the other side, by an auxiliary two-level inverter. A key feature of the proposed approach is that the N-level inverter is able to perform independent management of N − 1 input power sources, thus avoiding the need for additional dc/dc power converters in hybrid multi-source systems. Moreover, it can manage an energy storage system connected to the dc-bus of the two-level inverter. The N-level inverter operates at a low switching frequency and can be equipped with very low on-state voltage drop Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) devices, while the auxiliary inverter is instead operated at low voltage according to a conventional high-frequency two-level Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique and can be equipped with very low on-state resistance Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) devices. Simulations and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its good performance in terms of grid current harmonic content and overall efficiency.

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Baburajan, Silpa, Haoran Wang, Dinesh Kumar, Qian Wang, and Frede Blaabjerg. "DC-Link Current Harmonic Mitigation via Phase-Shifting of Carrier Waves in Paralleled Inverter Systems." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 13, 2021): 4229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144229.

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DC-connected parallel inverter systems are gaining popularity in industrial applications. However, such parallel systems generate excess current ripple (harmonics) at the DC-link due to harmonic interactions between the inverters in addition to the harmonics from the PWM switching. These DC-link harmonics cause the failure of fragile components such as DC-link capacitors. This paper proposes an interleaving scheme to minimize the current harmonics induced in the DC-link of such a system. First, the optimal phase-shift angle for the carrier signal is investigated using the analytical equations, which provides maximum capacitor current ripple cancellation (i.e., at the main switching frequency harmonic component). These optimally phase-shifted switching cycles lead to variations of the output current ripples, which, when summed together at the DC-link, result in the cancellations of the DC-link current ripples. The results show that when the carrier waves of the two inverters are phase-shifted by a 90° angle, the maximum high-frequency harmonic ripple cancellation occurs, which reduces the overall root-mean-square (RMS) value of the DC-capacitor current by almost 50%. The outcome of this proposed solution is a cost-effective DC-harmonics mitigating strategy for the industrial designers to practically configure multi-inverter systems, even when most of the drives are not operating at rated power levels. The experimental and simulation results presented in this paper verify the effectiveness of the proposed carrier-based phase-shifting scheme for two different configurations of common DC connected multi-converter systems.

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Alhamrouni, Ibrahim, Mohamed Salem, Younes Zahraoui, Basilah Ismail, Awang Jusoh, and Tole Sutikno. "Multi-input interleaved DC-DC converter for hybrid renewable energy applications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 1765–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i3.3779.

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The increasing demand for hybrid energy systems based on renewable energy sources has enabled the new dimension for multi-input converter (MIC). Various topologies have been introduced over the last decade. However, most of these topologies have several drawbacks in terms of design complexity or efficiency. Therefore, this research aims to introduce a multi-input DC-DC converter for hybrid renewable energy applications. The proposed multi-input converter is able to hybridize different sources such as solar PV array and PEMFC. Analysis and simulation have been carried out for the double input two-phase interleaved converter in operating the boost mode. The proposed converter is designed in matlab simulink by using interleaved boost converter method to achieve a boosted and smoothened output. The proposed topology has shown a remarkable performance in terms of output voltage boosting, voltage ripple reduction as well as enhanced efficiency through interleaved boosting technique. From the simulation results, it can be observed that the proposed converter can gain high efficiency which is higher than 97%. The obtained results have been validated with previously published works and the proposed technique has been proven to yield compatible and improved outcomes.

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Zhou, Feng, Takahiro Kawaguchi, and Seiji Hashimoto. "Multi-Terminal DC Transformer for Renewable Energy Cluster Grid Connection." Energies 17, no. 20 (October 16, 2024): 5152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17205152.

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An AC (alternative current) power integration of distributed energies faces multi-fold challenges such as synchronization and weak grid-induced instability. In this study, a multi-terminal DC transformer is proposed for renewable energy clusters grid connection. The DC transformer provides multiple DC input ports for renewable energy collection, while the load port is connected to the medium-voltage DC grid via a modular multilevel converter (MMC). The multi-port topology enables flexible power transfer between multiple input sources to the load without additional components. The carrier layer modulation strategy is implemented to balance the MMC module voltage; bidirectional power transmission between multiple input sources is achieved through the phase shift modulation (PSM) method. First, we provided a detailed introduction of the proposed topology and working principle. A simulation model was built using the SIMULINK, and the simulation results verified the effectiveness of the proposed converter modulation strategy and phase shift modulation method. A corresponding hardware experimental platform was designed and built, and the modulation and voltage equalization functions of modular multilevel rectifiers were presented as well as the measured results of power transmission modulation of the converter under single-input and multi-input conditions. The results indicate that the proposed transformer can achieve multiple DC inputs and has multi-channel power transmission capabilities, making it suitable for renewable energy clusters grid connection.

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Chubraeva, L. I., and S. S. Timofeyev. "Conversion of DC Armature Winding into Multi-Phase AC Winding." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2096, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2096/1/012147.

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Abstract The paper is dedicated to the principles of transformation of a rotating armature of DC machine into a rotating AC armature of a reverse-type AC alternator, which represents finally the major part of a model brushless exciter. The methodology of this conversion is based on main principles of the theory of electrical machines [1, 2].

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Mehida, Hicham, Abdennacer Aboubou, and Mohamed Yacine Ayad. "Reliability improvement of multi-phase interleaved DC-DC converters for fuel cell electric vehicle applications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 5 (October 1, 2023): 2553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v12i5.4674.

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This paper suggests a fast and low-cost method that can be applied in several DC/DC converter topologies for detecting open circuit faults (OCFs) and short circuit faults (SCFs). The suggested method may identify the faults of several power switches even if they occur simultaneously in multi-phase interleaved boost converters (MPh-IBC) by using just the sensors needed to control the converter. This fault detection method (FDM) is based mainly on comparing the measured inductor current and two fault detection thresholds, one for OCFs detection and the other for SCFs detection. This method combined with a corrective strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of OCFs, particularly the significant rise in the ripple of the DC bus voltage and the fuel cell (FC) current, which reduces FC aging and converter reliability. The simulation findings indicate the FDM's excellent performance and speed, as well as its usefulness in detecting defects of many power switches in the converter, with a fault detection time of up to 1.7 µs. The acquired findings further show the excellent effectiveness of the corrective strategy in reducing these ripples in the event of one or two faults.

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Zhao, Lang, Zhidong Wang, Hao Sheng, Yizheng Li, Xueying Wang, Yao Wang, and Haifeng Yu. "Optimal Configuration Model for Large Capacity Synchronous Condenser Considering Transient Voltage Stability in Multiple UHV DC Receiving End Grids." Energies 17, no. 21 (October 27, 2024): 5346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17215346.

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In a multi-fed DC environment, the UHV DC recipient grid faces significant challenges related to DC phase shift failure and voltage instability due to the high AC/DC coupling strength and low system inertia level. While the new large-capacity synchronous condensers (SCs) can provide effective transient reactive power support, the associated investment and operation costs are high. Therefore, it is valuable to investigate the optimization of SC configuration at key nodes in the recipient grid in a scientific and rational manner. This study begins by qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the dynamic characteristics of DC reactive power and induction motors under AC faults. The sub-transient and transient reactive power output model is established to describe the SC output characteristics, elucidating the coupling relationship between the SC’s reactive power output and the DC reactive power demand at different time scales. Subsequently, a critical stabilized voltage index for dynamic loads is defined, and the SC’s reactive power compensation target is quantitatively calculated across different time scales, revealing the impact of transient changes in DC reactive power on the transient voltage stability of the multi-fed DC environment with dynamic load integration. Finally, an optimal configuration model for the large-capacity SC is proposed under the critical stability constraint of dynamic loads to maximize the SC’s reactive power support capability at the lowest economic cost. The proposed model is validated in a multi-fed DC area, demonstrating that the optimal configuration scheme effectively addresses issues related to DC phase shift failures and voltage instability resulting from AC bus voltage drops.

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Xu, Yijian, Shixiao Li, Ziyang Wang, Heng Zhang, Zikai Li, Bo Xiao, Wei Guo, Linwei Liu, and Pengfei Bai. "Design of Multi-DC Overdriving Waveform of Electrowetting Displays for Gray Scale Consistency." Micromachines 14, no. 3 (March 19, 2023): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14030684.

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Gray scale consistency in pixels was extremely important for electrowetting displays (EWDs). However, traditional electrowetting display driving waveforms could not obtain a pixel aperture ratio consistency, which led to the occurrence of gray inconsistency even if it was the same driving waveform. In addition, the oil backflow caused by charge trapping could not be sustained. Therefore, a multi-direct current (DC) overdriving waveform for gray scale consistency was proposed in this paper, which could effectively improve the performance of EWDs. The driving waveform was divided into a start-up driving phase and a stable driving phase. The stable driving phase was composed of a square wave with a duty cycle of 79% and a frequency of 43 Hz. Subsequently, an overdriving pulse was also introduced in the stable driving phase. The multi-DC driving waveform for gray scale consistency was applied to a thin film transistor-electrowetting display (TFT-EWD). The average difference between increasing driving voltage and decreasing driving voltage was only 2.79%. The proposed driving waveform has an aperture ratio of 3.7 times at low voltages compared to DC driving.

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Kumar, Chinta Anil, Kandasamy Jothinathan, and Lingineni Shanmukha Rao. "A novel SIMIDCBC topology driven PMSM for PEV application." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v13.i1.pp66-80.

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Nowadays, the usage of renewable energy based electric vehicles is increased for reducing CO2 emissions, usage of fossil fuels, energy saving, and transportation cost. As a result, it becomes the most significantly run with combined energy sources and it is good choice which minimizes the energy consumption from charging stations. The available renewable energy is integrated to power-train through power-electronic interface; such interface consists of three-phase inverter with DC-DC boost converter. The combined energy sources like solar-PV/battery are integrated to power-train by employing multi-input non-isolated step-up DC-DC converter for providing continuous power to drive the vehicle. The multi-terminal topologies have efficient, reliable performance, continuous input current, high step-up gain over the conventional DC-DC converters. In this work, a unique framework of combined energy powered switched-inductor based multi-input DC boost converter topology has been proposed to drive the PMSM. The performance of proposed SIMIDCBC topology driven PMSM for PEV application under constant and variable speed conditions are verified by using MATLAB/Simulink tool, simulation results are presented.

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Büker, Aykut, and Cemal Hanilçi. "Exploring the Effectiveness of the Phase Features on Double Compressed AMR Speech Detection." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (May 26, 2024): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114573.

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Determining whether an audio signal is single compressed (SC) or double compressed (DC) is a crucial task in audio forensics, as it is closely linked to the integrity of the recording. In this paper, we propose the utilization of phase spectrum-based features for detecting DC narrowband and wideband adaptive multi-rate (AMR-NB and AMR-WB) speech. To the best of our knowledge, phase spectrum features have not been previously explored for DC audio detection. In addition to introducing phase spectrum features, we propose a novel parallel LSTM system that simultaneously learns the most representative features from both the magnitude and phase spectrum of the speech signal and integrates both sets of information to further enhance its performance. Analyses demonstrate significant differences between the phase spectra of SC and DC speech signals, suggesting their potential as representative features for DC AMR speech detection. The proposed phase spectrum features are found to perform as well as magnitude spectrum features for the AMR-NB codec, while outperforming the magnitude spectrum in detecting AMR-WB speech. The proposed phase spectrum features yield 8% performance improvement in terms of true positive rate over the magnitude spectrogram features. The proposed parallel LSTM system further improves DC AMR-WB speech detection.

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35

Annamalai, Kirubakaran. "Xilinx FPGA-Based Single Phase Seven-Level Inverter with Single Input DC Voltage Source." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 26, no. 12 (August 2017): 1750202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126617502024.

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This paper presents a new multi-output boost (MOB)-switched capacitor-based asymmetrical seven-level DC/AC converter with single DC source. It has potential applications for low voltage fuel cell, PV cell inverters, electric vehicles, energy devices, etc. with front end MOB-switched capacitors and uses a single input DC source for generating multi-level output voltage waveform with reduced device counts and gate drivers. The proposed MOB converter generates asymmetrical DC link output voltage that is converted into AC using one H-bridge inverter and auxiliary switches. Operation of the proposed topology is explained with the use of a single phase seven-level boost inverter and the appropriate control scheme is also presented. Exhaustive comparisons of proposed topology are made with conventional multi-level inverters and recently new topologies have been proposed in the literature. Simulation results using MATLAB are given to verify the proposed topology. A prototype model is developed to validate the concept and their control signals are generated using Spartan 6 FPGA using MATLAB/Xilinx simulation blocks.

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Joo, Dong-Myoung, Dong-Hee Kim, and Byoung-Kuk Lee. "DCM Frequency Control Algorithm for Multi-Phase DC-DC Boost Converters for Input Current Ripple Reduction." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology 10, no. 6 (November 1, 2015): 2307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/jeet.2015.10.6.2307.

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Abdel-Salam, M., M. T. El-Mohandes, and H. El-Kishky. "Electric field around parallel DC and multi-phase AC transmission lines." IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation 25, no. 6 (1990): 1145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/14.64501.

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Garrigós, A., D. Marroquí, A. García, J. M. Blanes, and R. Gutiérrez. "Interleaved, switched-inductor, multi-phase, multi-device DC/DC boost converter for non-isolated and high conversion ratio fuel cell applications." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 25 (May 2019): 12783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.11.094.

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Rosli, Mohd Azman, Nor Zaihar Yahaya, and Zuhairi Baharudin. "Multi-input DC-AC Inverter for Hybrid Renewable Energy Power System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i1.8718.

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The objective of this paper is to design a multi-input dc-ac inverter integrated photovoltaic array, wind turbine and fuel cell in order to simplify the hybrid power system and reduce the cost. The output power characteristics of the photovoltaic array, wind turbine and fuel cell are introduced. The operational principle and technical details of the proposed multi-input dc-ac inverter is then explained. The proposed inverter consists of a three input flyback dc-dc converter and a single phase full bridge dc-ac inverter. The control strategy for the proposed inverter to distribute the power reasonably to the sources and it achieved a priority of the new energy utilization is discussed. This multi-input dc-ac inverter is capable of being operated in five conditions and power delivered to the ac load can be either individually or simultaneously. First to third condition occurs when the power delivered from either renewable energy sources individually, fourth condition happens when power is demanded from two sources simultaneously, and finally when power are available from three sources simultaneously. The proposed inverter has been simulated by employing NI Multisim 12.0 circuit simulator.

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Rosli, Mohd Azman, Nor Zaihar Yahaya, and Zuhairi Baharudin. "Multi-input DC-AC Inverter for Hybrid Renewable Energy Power System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i1.pp40-52.

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The objective of this paper is to design a multi-input dc-ac inverter integrated photovoltaic array, wind turbine and fuel cell in order to simplify the hybrid power system and reduce the cost. The output power characteristics of the photovoltaic array, wind turbine and fuel cell are introduced. The operational principle and technical details of the proposed multi-input dc-ac inverter is then explained. The proposed inverter consists of a three input flyback dc-dc converter and a single phase full bridge dc-ac inverter. The control strategy for the proposed inverter to distribute the power reasonably to the sources and it achieved a priority of the new energy utilization is discussed. This multi-input dc-ac inverter is capable of being operated in five conditions and power delivered to the ac load can be either individually or simultaneously. First to third condition occurs when the power delivered from either renewable energy sources individually, fourth condition happens when power is demanded from two sources simultaneously, and finally when power are available from three sources simultaneously. The proposed inverter has been simulated by employing NI Multisim 12.0 circuit simulator.

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Jeong, Dong-Keun, Hyeok-Jin Yun, Si-Ho Park, Myoung-Ho Kim, Myung-Hyo Ryu, Ju-Won Baek, and Ho-Sung Kim. "13.2 kV Class 3-Phase Solid State Transformer System Based on EtherCAT Communication." Electronics 11, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 3092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11193092.

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This paper presents a 13.2 kV class 3-phase solid-state transformer (SST) based on EtherCAT communication. In general, when the structure of the unit module is determined, the number of high-frequency isolated transformers (HFIT) is also proportional to the number of modules. The structure most considered in SST is a 1:1 combination of AC/DC converter and DC/DC converter. To optimally implement a 3-phase SST, a topology for reducing passive elements such as switching elements and HFIT is proposed. It also describes the design of HFIT used in DC/DC converter. EtherCAT communication with high transmission speed and expandability is applied to control the SST composed of unit modules stably, and a multi-core microcontroller unit (MCU) is applied to achieve both a high-speed communication cycle and complicated control algorithm execution. The discussions are validated using a 300 kW 13.2 kV class 3-phase SST prototype in various conditions.

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Chiumeo, Riccardo, Diego Raggini, Alessandro Veroni, and Alessio Clerici. "Comparative Analysis of PI and ADRC Control through CHIL Real Time Simulations of a DC-DC DAB into a Multi-Terminal MVDC/LVDC Distribution Network." Energies 15, no. 20 (October 15, 2022): 7631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207631.

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This article presents a deep theoretical analysis of the Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) regulator for the control of first-order systems, directly compared to a “traditional” Proportional Integral (PI) regulator. To complete the theoretical study, ADRC and PI are implemented into the model of a single-phase Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter to regulate the voltage of a Direct Current (DC) network. Facing different types of disturbances and DC network parameters variations, strengths and weaknesses of the two controllers are highlighted. ADRC and PI controls are discretized and implemented in Control Hardware In the Loop (CHIL) simulations of a single-phase DAB converter to regulate the voltage of a node of multi-terminal and multi-level DC network. By changing the DAB connection points along the MVDC network, the controlled system is stressed with different disturbances, extending the result of single-terminal network software simulations.

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Jayakumar, Vinoth, Bharatiraja C, Santhakumar C, and Josiah Lange Munda. "Performance Analysis of Five-Phase NPC MLI with Phase Shifting Carrier Pulse Width Modulation." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 7581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.7581ecst.

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The five-phase loads with Multi-Level Inverters (MLI) are preferred by industries in high and medium power applications due to lower switching loss, voltage stress across switches, etc. The controlling of a five-phase motor drive is done by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques. This paper discusses different multi carrier PWM techniques, such as Level Shifting Carrier (LSC) PWM and Phase Shifting Carrier (PSC) PWM techniques available for controlling the inverter drive. The simulation is carried out for all PWM techniques and load voltage, voltage THD, Common Mode Voltage (CMV), and DC-link voltages are noted and compared among the PWM techniques.

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Wei, Shusheng, and Wusong Wen. "High-Frequency Oscillation of the Active-Bridge-Transformer-Based DC/DC Converter." Energies 15, no. 9 (May 2, 2022): 3311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093311.

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The dual-active-bridge converter (DAB) has attracted tremendous attention in recent years. However, its EMI issues, especially the high-frequency oscillation (HFO) induced by the dv/dt and parasitic elements of the transformer, are significant challenges. The multi-active-bridge converter (MAB) based on the multi-winding transformer also faces similar problems, which are even more complicated. This article investigates the HFO of active-bridge-transformer-based DC/DC converters including DAB and MAB. Firstly, the general HFO model is studied using the analysis of the AC equivalent circuit considering the asymmetrical parameters. Ignoring the AC resistance in the circuit, the high-order model of the voltage oscillation could be reduced to a second-order system. Based on the simplified model, the oscillation voltage generated by an active bridge is analyzed in the time domain. Then, a universal active voltage-oscillation-suppression method-selected harmonic-elimination phase-shift (SHE PS) modulation method is proposed. The impacts of the system parameters on the method are also revealed. The experimental results show the excellent performance of the proposed active suppression method, with voltage spike amplitude (VSA) reductions of 92.1% and 77.8% for the DAB and MAB prototypes, respectively.

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Wang, Rui, Qiuye Sun, Qifu Cheng, and Dazhong Ma. "The Stability Analysis of a Multi-Port Single-Phase Solid-State Transformer in the Electromagnetic Timescale." Energies 11, no. 9 (August 27, 2018): 2250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092250.

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This paper proposes an overall practical stability assessment for a multi-port single-phase solid-state transformer (MS3T) in the electromagnetic timescale. When multiple stable subsystems are combined into one MS3T, the newly formed MS3T has a certain possibility to be unstable. Thus, this paper discusses the stability assessment of the MS3T in detail. First and foremost, the structure of the MS3T and its three stage control strategies are proposed. Furthermore, the stability analysis of each of the MS3T’s subsystems is achieved through the closed loop transfer function of each subsystem, respectively, including an AC-DC front-end side converter, dual active bridge (DAB) with a high-frequency (HF) or medium-frequency (MF) transformer, and back-end side incorporating DC-AC and dc-dc converters. Furthermore, the practical impedance stability criterion in the electromagnetic timescale, which only requires two current sensors and one external high-bandwidth small-signal sinusoidal perturbation current source, is proposed by the Gershgorin theorem and Kirchhoff laws. Finally, the overall stability assessment, based on a modified impedance criterion for the MS3T is investigated. The overall practical stability assessment of the MS3T can be validated through extensive simulation and hardware results.

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Haq, Ihteshamul, Ajmal Farooq, Mian Muhammad Amir Ayaz, and Muhammad Ali. "Design of Hybrid multi-level inverter for photovoltaic(PV) application." International Conference on Applied Engineering and Natural Sciences 1, no. 1 (July 20, 2023): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icaens.1027.

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Nowadays the demand and consumption of energy increase in the word. Due to high cost of fossil fuel it’s not able to meet the required power generation demand. But the developed and developing countries encourage to generate power from renewable energy sources. The developed countries manage their resources in such a manner that they will fulfill their needs today and in the future as well. Nevertheless, the developing countries have limited sources of fossil fuels, which may decrease day by day. For this problem, the alternate solution is required, which is renewable energy. The output of renewable i.e. photovoltaic (PV) is DC. Now this is a challenging task for the researcher to integrate the renewable energy into the ac grid. For the reliable future of the power system, it is imperative for the modern era to integrate non-conventional sources into the AC power grid.The use of photovoltaic cells is increasing dramatically in all areas of life because of their small environmental impact, pollution-free, minimal maintenance, and zero noise. The real work focuses on the integration of PV systems with the proposed new topology called Multi-level inverters based on switch dc sources for low, medium and high power applications. An inverter is a power electronics device that converts DC input to AC output voltage. Input DC voltage is obtains from PV cell array, fuel cell or any other source.The output of PV panels is use as DC input voltage source for the proposed inverter. Single-phase multi level inverter is use to convert dc power receiving form PV array to AC power. First single phase two level inverter introduce which have many problems like those that high value capacitor required at output and high total harmonics distortion’s (THD). Nevertheless, as the number of level increased in inverter output the number of electronic switches also increased which may increase the losses.Multi-level inverters are gave more attention for high power applications. In recent years, lower order harmonic components has been developed to operate at higher switching frequencies.On the other side as the number of level increased the output waveform approach to sinusoidal waveform and the harmonics decreased. Output voltage and current waveforms are obtains and THDs are analyze. The multi-level inverter used in un-interrupted power supply (UPS), variable frequency drives (VFD), pumps etc. The performance of single-phase multi-level inverter will be analyzed in MATLAB / Simulink software.

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R. Pote, Rohan, and Dipti D. Patil. "Multi-input dc-dc converter for pv-wind-battery based grid connected single phase power generating system." International Journal of Current Advanced Research 6, no. 5 (May 28, 2017): 3860–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijcar.2017.3866.0383.

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Nishida, Yasuyuki, and Mutsuo Nakaoka. "Dual-Switch Parellel-Type Multi-Mode DC-DC Converter and Its Application to Single-Phase PFC Rectifier." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 119, no. 2 (1999): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.119.260.

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Karthikeyan, V., and Rajesh Gupta. "Distributed power flow control using cascaded multilevel isolated bidirectional DC–DC converter with multi‐phase shift modulation." IET Power Electronics 12, no. 11 (July 31, 2019): 2996–3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2019.0077.

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Koneh, Norbert Njuanyi, Jae-Sub Ko, and Dae-Kyong Kim. "Simulations of the Comparative Study of the Single-Phase Shift and the Dual-Phase Shift-Controlled Triple Active Bridge Converter." Electronics 11, no. 20 (October 12, 2022): 3274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11203274.

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This paper presents a comparative study between the traditional phase shift (also referred to as the Single-Phase Shift (SPS)) and the Dual-Phase Shift (DPS) controlled Triple Active Bridge (TAB) converter. Being a multi-port DC-DC converter with flexible power flow control and characterized by high power density, the TAB converter is applicable in almost any situation where a DC-DC converter is needed. With the availability of multiple control schemes, this work highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the most employed control scheme used on the TAB converter, in comparison with the DPS control scheme that has so far been applied only on Dual-Active Bridge (DAB) converters. As an example, for a TAB converter with a 14 kW maximum power capacity, the work sees the comparison of the backflow power, the maximum possible current, the processed power at the different ports of the converter, the transformer voltage and current waveforms, and the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Based on the results obtained, we found that the DPS-controlled TAB converter was more efficient when applied to the TAB converter compared to the traditional phase shift control algorithm.

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Journal articles on the topic 'DC multi-phase'

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