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Farkas, Tibor. "Daylighting in office buildings." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25150.
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This thesis presents a conceptual framework for the introduction of daylighting considerations into the design of office buildings. Design is an intuitive process, yet the intuition must be educated by study and analysis. The framework developed in the thesis enables the systematic study of daylighting principles and techniques and is a major step towards a grasp of daylighting design.
The thesis is divided into nine chapters. The introductory chapter contains a brief history of daylighting in office buildings, examines reasons for daylighting, and explains the structure of the thesis. The following chapter analyses the performance criteria that the luminous environment in office interiors must fulfill in order to provide a satisfactory performance of visual tasks and result in user acceptance.
Each of the next five chapters examine specific techniques, under five general objectives:
i. promoting daylight access
ii. promoting daylight penetration
iii. interior space planning for daylighting advantage
iv. controlling brightness extremes
v. integrating daylight with electrical light
In each chapter, these techniques are listed in order of decreasing scale: from site planning, through building configuration and building envelope, to building interior.
The thesis shows that daylighting can be incorporated into building design at various levels of commitment, ranging from a total commitment to daylighting, in which the building is conceived as "a light fixture that can be engineered to a state of optimal performance", to a minor commitment, in which, for example, perimeter lights in an otherwise standard office building design are controlled in response to daylighting needs. Furthermore, it is shown that daylighting techniques can be introduced at various scales--some techniques may modulate the massing, while others deal with specific building components.
Following the study of techniques, there is a discussion on daylighting design tools and the integration of daylighting with other aspects of design.
The thesis concludes that daylighting offers architects the opportunity to design office buildings so that they use less energy and, at the same time, provide a better working environment than is the case with most buildings today.Applied Science, Faculty of
Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of
Graduate
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Cawthorne, Douglas. "Daylighting and occupant health in buildings." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390261.
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Iyer, Usha. "Daylighting in atrium spaces." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28735.
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Among the different environmental functions atria perform, this research has focused only on daylighting. The thesis has been presented in two parts. The first part provides the background information, the extent of daylighting research in atria, objective and scope of the research. The environmental role of atria has also been discussed. The second part deals with the research procedure, the description of the scale model used for the study, the conditions under which the study have been conducted, and finally, the conclusions of the study.
The effects of changing the reflectivity of the wall and floor surfaces of the atria well on the illumination in the adjacent spaces to atria have been studied. The objective of the thesis was to establish the relative contributions of the changes in the surface reflectance of the wall and the effects of variations in the area of the openings in the wall facade on lighting in the adjacent occupied spaces. The importance of the floor reflectivity in lighting the spaces adjacent to the atria was also determined.
Quantitative analysis of daylighting in atria has been conducted using physical scale models under natural overcast skies using daylight factor and well index to normalize the results.
Although the thesis has concentrated on daylighting, in reality there are other functions, both social and environmental, that atria are required to perform, and where appropriate, these functions have been acknowledged.
It has been established by this research, that the atria well and the spaces adjacent to it are affected by changes in the area of openings in the form of windows in the wall facades of the well. Small variations in higher reflective surfaces on the wall facade produce greater differences in the daylight factors as compared to similar differences in surfaces with lower reflectances.
Using high surface reflectance on the floor of the atria well will enhance illumination in the lower levels of the atria. As the area of the (high) reflective surfaces along the edges of the floor is increased, the illumination in the side spaces in the lower levels also increases. The area of floor reflectivity needed for increasing the illumination levels in the side spaces is dependent on the area of openings on the walls at the lower levels.Applied Science, Faculty of
Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of
Graduate
4
Garcia-Hansen, Veronica Ruth. "Innovative daylighting systems for deep-plan commercial buildings." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16709/.
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The use of natural light is very beneficial in office buildings because energy consumption can be reduced, and working conditions can be enhanced, which positively affect workers' health and productivity. However, bringing natural light into deep plan office buildings is not possible with simple windows or skylights, and light transport systems are necessary to bring natural light into the deep cores of buildings. Light transport systems usually need sun-tracking devices to collect natural light that are complicated, expensive and require continual maintenance. Mirrored light pipes coupled with laser cut panels (LCP) are a passive and simpler daylight transport solution and are the focus of this PhD research. The primary aim has been to improve the technology and achieve the most efficient passive solution possible through the interactive use of theoretical modelling, experimental measurements and case studies. Applications of this technology were investigated in two case studies: 1) as horizontal light pipes for daylight illumination of a high rise building proposal in the tropics; and 2) as vertical light pipes for daylight illumination of a middle-rise deep plan building proposal in a subtropical environment. In both cases, quantitative system performance under best (clear sunny sky) and worst (overcast) case scenarios was undertaken via scale model testing and mathematical modelling. The major conclusion for both case studies was that mirrored light pipe technologies, when coupled with LCP, were effective in introducing sufficient ambient light levels inside buildings and over distances > 20 m from the façade or roof. Average lux levels achieved in the space were 150 to 350 lux for the horizontal light pipes and 50 to 300 lux for vertical light pipes. However, as a passive solution, this technology has two major limitations: 1) the dependence on sun azimuth and elevation angles, which result in variations in illuminance levels during the day and the year; and potentially 2) pipe size, as pipes with a large diameter (e.g. 2 m in diameter for 20 m long pipes) are required for optimal performance, such that the large pipes may limit integration in building design. Two other solutions were assessed to circumvent these limitations to the mirrored light pipe technology: 1) a passive collector that concentrate natural light by using a fluorescent panel to reduce the size of the pipe, and 2) an active collector comprising a LCP rotating 360 degrees in a 24 hour cycle to reduce system dependence on sun azimuth and elevation angles. The low light-to-light efficiency of the fluorescent panels made them inappropriate for collecting sufficient amounts of daylight necessary for daylighting of large buildings. In contrast, the rotating LCP is a very simple active system that by rotating constantly at 15 degrees per hour, reduces the deviation angle between the panel orientation and sun azimuth angle, and significantly increased the system performance. The performance was generally better (e.g. 2.5 times better for light collection under low sun elevation angles) than the passive light pipe system with fixed LCP. However, active systems raise other issues in terms of cost-benefit in constructing, operating and maintaining such systems. Passive mirrored light pipes coupled with LCPs or simple active systems with rotating LCPs have great potential as daylight solutions for deep plan buildings as they can contribute to lowering overall energy consumption, improve workplace health and become an architectural design element. Research is still required on the implementation of the technology into buildings, but the growing trend towards 'green buildings', sustainable design and government regulations or building codes will require more daylighting use in buildings, and will motivate designers to increasingly consider and incorporate such daylighting strategies into future building designs.
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Mundo, Hernandez Julia Judith. "Fabric membranes as Daylighting Control Systems in buildings." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10196/.
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The latter half of the 20th century saw the development of lightweight tensioned translucent membranes as shading devices and their increasing use in providing daylight and daylight control. Buildings with high lighting consumption and long operation hours in particular are including translucent membranes in their daylighting strategies. For this reason, the use of reliable tools for the prediction of the lighting environment experienced in daylit spaces, which exploit translucent membranes, has become essential. To date most analytic efforts related to predicting daylighting performance has concentrated on the analysis of light penetration through glass openings. Little attention has been paid to the light transmission through fabric membranes. The membranes itself are normally in tensioned creating double curvature shapes. The simulation of light transmitted through membranes involves the modelling of complex geometries, which places significant demand to their modelling. This thesis explores the daylighting performance of sports buildings that include translucent membranes as part of their daylighting strategy. Performance of these buildings has been assessed by field illuminance measurements, physical scale modelling in artificial sky and three-dimensional modelling using Radiance software. The accuracy of the simulation tools is assessed against the lighting data recorded in the field study. Findings show that physical scale models tend to overestimate the illuminance levels and daylight factors of the sports halls. On the other hand, Radiance simulations proved to be accurate in terms of daylight factors and illuminance distribution in the playing areas. Finally, a questionnaire has been distributed among the occupants of the three case study buildings and one totally artificially illuminated sports centre. The purpose of this survey is to evaluate the users satisfaction towards the lighting environment of the enclosures. The ability to accurately predict the daylighting performance in membrane sports buildings is significant for the development of research in daylighting and sustainable architecture. In addition, the further use of translucent membranes for the control of natural light in all type of buildings relies on the possibility to confidently predict their daylighting performance.
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Ahmed, Azni Zain. "Daylighting and shading for thermal comfort in Malaysian buildings." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323648.
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A study on the potential of daylighting as a source of indoor lighting in Malaysian buildings is described. Not much work has been done on daylighting in Malaysia, due to several factors. Firstly, local daylight data is unavailable and secondly, research in daylighting design is relatively new. This work is therefore aimed at providing a solid foundation in daylighting knowledge and to contribute towards the development of deSign tools and strategies for buildings in a hot, humid climate, in particular Malaysia. The work began with a survey of traditional and modern buildings to identify old and new daylighting techniques. From the daylighting point of view, recently built buildings in general, are not designed for the tropics. The bioclimatic approach was used to identify the passive strategies to keep Malaysian buildings thermally comfortable for the occupants. The Model Year Climate accurate hourly data for 8 climate parameters were produced by statistical analyses from a database of 21 years of meteorological data. A field study to determine the thermal comfort conditions of young persons in a normal working environment was also carried as part of the bioclimatic analyses. From the results of the three studies, a strategy was formulated to create a low-energy yet thermally comfortable building environment for the hot-humid region by integrating daylighting in the building design through the size of window openings and types of shading devices. The prevailing sky type in the Klang Valley was determined using solar irradiation and cloud cover data. The sky type was identified, and confirmed by four identification techniques, as predominantly intermediate. As daylight and solar irradiation share similar physical properties, hourly daylight data were modelled using solar irradiation data and luminous efficacy values. An artificial sky was designed and constructed to conduct daylighting experiments using architectural scale models. The correlation coefficient of the luminance produced by the sky simulator as compared to the intermediate sky luminance model was 0.996. This study focussed on sidelighting, which is the most common daylighting strategy in Malaysia. The daylighting performance of several window opening sizes ranging from 10% up to 40% window-to-wall ratio and several types of shading devices were investigated using the Daylight Factor Method. A suitable architectural scale model of a basic room with one removable wall, on which the fenestration systems were attached, was used for the investigations. The optimum window opening size was found to be 25% where daylight is enhanced and energy consumption for cooling load is reduced. The best shading device tested for buildings in the Malaysian climate was found to be a sloped shading device integrated with a horizontal light shelf. This device has the capability to reduce excess lighting while maintaining the required daylight levels in a normal working environment as recommended by the Malaysia Guidelines for Energy Efficiency in Buildings. The results of the daylighting performance of the fenestrations were used together with modelled exterior illuminance data to produce several daylighting design tools. Graphical tools produced to aid architects include iso-OF charts, isolux charts or daylight footprints while look-up tables and nomographs were produced for engineers. The NORMA algorithm was used to calculate the cooling loads of a simple building to demonstrate the possible energy savings as a result of applying the above daylighting strategies. It was found that at least 10% of energy could be saved by integrating daylighting in Malaysian buildings while maintaining acceptable indoor thermal comfort criteria for young Malaysians.
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Baharuddin. "An investigation of factors affecting prediction of daylight availability in high-rise residential buildings in a high-density urban environment a case study in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43085179.
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Han, Hyun Joo. "Useful strategy in the design of energy-efficient buildings using innovative daylighting systems." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12248/.
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This research work has been carried out to utilize daylight more effectively for indoor illumination in an energy efficient building without any compromise on indoor environmental quality; especially the visual comfort on task plane. Two different daylighting systems have been designed and constructed, and a series of tests have been performed to assess their photometric characteristics as well as their performance. A typical system considered has an optic concentrator capable of tracking the sun and making high density fluxes of solar rays. It consists of either dish or funnel shaped concentrators followed by optical fiber cables and diffusers at the end. The design of a dish concentrator (diameter less than 30 cm) is prepared by rotating a simple parabolic profile in compliance with the major physical requirements. This geometrical simplicity has also been applied for the design of a funnel shaped concentrator created by combining two parabolas. When the sunlight is highly focused, it is then redirected and undergoes a number of reflections to enter a light guide for its final transmission to the terminal device. The light reaching the terminal device finally gets consumed by the interior of a building for indoor illumination. The active daylighting system considered in this study offers substantial advantages over conventional solar designs in its fabrication, installation, operation, and utilization of the sun's energy. The proposed daylighting system is durable and suited to economical operation for different schemes of indoor illumination of buildings. Each component of the system could be made from off-the-shelf technology, thus making the generic unit inexpensive to manufacture. Depending on spatial demand or characteristics, the amount of daylight introduced could be controlled without undue difficulties. To assess the photometric characteristics of a daylighting system, goniophtometer and spectrometemr easurementsa re made,w hich provided its luminous intensity distribution and spectral radiance. The spatial distribution of light emerging from the optical cable is examined by monitoring the workplane illuminances for the mock-up spaces in Nottingham (UK) and Jeju (Korea). Six different types of terminal devices (optical lenses, light rod) are also examined experimentally to elicit the most optimal design for use with a daylighting system. Of those tested, the circular shape acrylic rod spreads out the light most widely followed by semi-concave lens whereas the semi-convex lens has shown the smallest light spreading ability. The test results have revealed some distinctive features of the present dishdaylighting system in bringing natural daylight to non-daylit areas or interior spaces too deep for conventional daylighting apertures. Especially, it proved the effectiveness of the system when applied for individualized lighting allowing individual control over the amount of light in space and to suit individual preferences for lighting conditions. Experimental data from measurements are further extended to develop the numerical models with RADIANCE and ECOTECT for theoretical predictions under different situations. The image of luminance ratio maps generated by RADIANCE and the fish-eye photographs of the sky were conducive to realistic assessment of possible glare reduction and uniformity improvement not just for the task plane but also for its surroundings. There were some appreciable changes made in the indoor luminance distribution thanks to our daylighting system. It has clearly demonstrated its functional reliability and usefulness to control brightness and thus promote indoor visual environment.
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Kleindienst, Siân A. (Siân Alexandra). "Improving the daylighting conditions of existing buildings : the benefits and limitations of integrating anidolic daylighting systems using the American classroom as a model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35497.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-138).
Awareness of the benefits of good daylighting has risen in recent years, and the designs of many new buildings take daylighting into consideration. However, the majority of our built environment is older than this recent trend, and was not designed with daylighting as a top priority. A need exists, therefore, to find an efficient means of improving the daylighting of existing buildings. Furthermore, along with the development of such a daylighting technique, a set of guidelines should be developed to determine this technique's applicability to a given existing space, thus facilitating its acceptance into the toolbox of current building practice. This paper focuses particularly on the integration and adaptation of anidolic daylighting systems into existing buildings. By using mostly RADIANCE simulations, this thesis seeks to discover a range of conditions for optimal integration of an anidolic daylighting system. These conditions are then simplified and displayed in the form of a set of recommendations and guidelines for the benefit of architectural practitioners.
y Siân A. Kleindienst.
S.M.
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Cheung, Hiu Dan. "Daylighting performance assessment methods for high-rise residential buildings in a dense urban environment." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3227493.
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Alnuaimi, Maitha Mohammed. "Daylighting techniques used in indigenous buildings in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), an investigative approach." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1891.
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Saridar, Sawsan Mohamad. "The impact of façade design on daylighting performance in office buildings : the case of Beirut, Lebanon." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/966.
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An energy shortage arose in Lebanon during and after the civil war (1975-1990).62% of the national electricity generation is consumed by building stock, of which 70/0 is consunled in the conlnlercial sector. Given the acute shortages and increased consumnption, there is a need to rationalise the use of energy in the building sector. There is growing evidence that buildings which adopt passive design solutions, such as daylighting and natural ventilation, have good energy performance and show higher occupant satisfaction. Daylighting can be a good contributor to energy efficiency in the buildings of Beirut. where the climate is typically Mediterranean and daylight is available 12 hours per day on average. During the last century, the development of façade configurations and the widespread adoption of international design trends in Beirut, particularly in office buildings, changed the energy consumption pattern. The lack of any building regulations that considered the potential of daylighting led to an underestimation of the impact of façade design on the internal environment and building energy behaviour. The aim of this study is to develop design guidelines for office building façade configuration and plan morphology that will contribute to the best use of daylighting, with associated potential energy savings, in Beirut. To achieve this, the study has three main parts. Firstly, the literature relating to daylighting design principles, glazing façades and human comfort in workspaces is reviewed in order to identify design parameters and variables that are significant for daylighting performance in office buildings. Thereafter, the seven historical phases of architectural development in Beirut are identified. Examples of office buildings from each phase are evaluated for their daylighting efficiency, in accordance to four parametric levels describing the 'Building Shape, 'Window/Façade' and Window/Office' relationships, and the 'Shading Devices' used. Finally, the lighting behaviour of 14 selected case studies is simulated using ADELINE. Electrical lighting consumption and the possible savings due to the implementation of different lighting control strategies are calculated. The simulation outputs are validated by empirical energy data. Finally design guidelines for the best practice in the office buildings of Beirut are produced, by coupling the evaluation of daylighting design variables and energy savings measures.
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Martins, Mogo de Nadal Betina Gisela. "An experimental setup to evaluate the daylighting performance of an advanced optical light pipe for deep-plan office buildings." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2522.
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This research focuses on an advanced optical light pipe daylighting system as a means to deliver natural light at the back of deep-plan office buildings (15ft to 30ft), using optimized geometry and high reflective materials. The light pipe configurations follow a previous study at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Beltr??n et al., 1997). The current system is designed for College Station, TX (lat: 30?? 36??N), with predominantly mostly sunny sky conditions.
This work consists of the monitoring of two scale models simulating a portion of a multi-story office building with open-plan configuration, with interior dimensions 30ft x 20ft x 10ft, built at 1:4 of its real scale, one of the models being the reference case and the other the test case where the light pipe system is placed.
The main objectives of this thesis are (a) to examine this daylighting system comparative to the reference case, taking measurements for longer periods than the study at LBNL, as well as to collect detailed data of its performance under different weather conditions and with different materials; (b) to evaluate the visual comfort and possible glare problems of the light pipe system through photographic evaluation and the conduction of a survey that provides people??s opinions and suggestions about the daylighting system.
The light pipe system demonstrated a higher performance than the reference case in terms of appropriate levels of light and people??s preferences. The illuminance at the workplane level showed to be adequate with any of the two different diffusing materials used to spread the light into the room. The light pipe without a diffuser was the other condition observed to further understand the bounces of the sunbeam inside the reflective chamber and its consequences on the lighting output.
Recommended standards for office spaces with VDT screens together with the analysis of the daylight system, led to preliminary suggestions on how to integrate the light pipe system in an open-plan office configuration. Further study is indicated to reach the complete potential of this advanced optical light pipe that ties illuminance quality with energy savings through the integration of daylight and electric light systems.
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Elkhatieb, Mahmoud Ahmed. "A performance-driven design model of Territorial Adaptive Building Skin (TABS) for daylighting performance optimisation in office buildings in Egypt." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3007311/.
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Building skins have become an expression of the unique forces that are defining their context, either tangible such as weather conditions or intangible, such as social and cultural heritage. Egypt is currently experiencing excessive importation of Western technology and design concepts in architecture due to the desire of rapid development accompanied by social and political changes, threatening its culture and causing an identity crisis. Nowadays, office building design in Egypt adopts the design principles of fully glazed western buildings that were built for different environmental conditions and cultures. The negligence towards local climates and heritage, especially in a country with a hot desert climate and a rich culture like Egypt, resulted in unsatisfactory building performance. The satisfaction of occupants with their work environment is important, both regarding well-being and productivity. Therefore, ensuring acceptable environmental conditions must be achieved along with the need to include sustainability–performance related features within any design. For office buildings, two of the primary energy demands are associated with artificial lighting and thermal comfort. Therefore, any approach that attempts to reduce excessive solar gains while enhancing daylight availability can be considered as a sustainable design strategy. Building skin is the key moderator between the internal and external environments. Historically, the environmental control through façade was static. However, recent technological advances enabled building skins to dynamically react to the external environment with the aim of enhancing internal conditions. Territorial adaptive building skin (TABS) is one example of this new types of building skins. The methodology proposed in this research employed a parametric modelling, building performance simulation and Genetic Algorithm tools for optimising the performance of TABS for a south facing office space in Cairo, Egypt, based on predefined criteria, at twelve different times during the year. The TABS integrated two subsystems: (1) Shading: a dynamic geometric pattern inspired by the Egyptian solar screen ‘Mashrabia’; (2) Daylight redirecting: active horizontal louver system, to harness the advantages of both strategies. The results showed that TABS achieved the required performance at all the twelve examined times using it's predefined capabilities regarding six performance indicators (task points illuminance levels, illuminance contrast ratio, daylight distribution, daylight penetration depth, solar gain and glare). Moreover, the TABS performance surpassed the performance of the fully glazed base case and two other optimised traditional façade solutions at all examined times. Furthermore, in this study, each physical appearance of the optimised TABS solutions was an authentic representation of the Mashrabiya form, which continually achieved to represent the Egyptian cultural identity. An empirical validation process was conducted using 3D printed physical models of optimised TABS in an artificial sky facility. Acceptable agreement between the validation and simulation models regarding illuminance values was achieved. Finally, the findings proved that TABS could be a complex geometry that satisfies the ornamental desires of the contemporary architecture and address the concerns over building performance and user comfort.
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Greenup, Phillip John. "Development of Novel Technologies for Improved Natural Illumination of High Rise Office Buildings." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15936/.
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Effective daylighting can substantially reduce the energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of commercial buildings. Daylight is also healthy for building occupants, and contributes to occupant satisfaction. When productivity improvements are considered, effective daylighting is also highly attractive financially. However, successful daylighting of sub-tropical buildings is a very difficult task, due to high direct irradiances and excessive solar shading. A device was created that combined effective solar shading and efficient daylight redirection. The micro-light guiding shade panel achieves all objectives of an optimal daylighting device placed on the façade of a sub-tropical, high rise office building. Its design is based on the principles of non-imaging optics. This provides highly efficient designs offering control over delivered illumination, within the constraints of the second law of thermodynamics. Micro-light guiding shade panels were constructed and installed on a test building. The tested devices delivered daylight deep into the building under all conditions. Some glare was experienced with a poorly chosen translucent material. Glare was eliminated by replacing this material. Construction of the panels could be improved by application of mass-manufacturing techniques including metal pressing. For the micro-light guiding shade panel to be utilised to its full potential, building designers must understand its impact on building performance early in the design process. Thus, the device must be modelled with lighting simulation software currently in use by building design firms. The device was successfully modelled by the RADIANCE lighting simulator. RADIANCE predictions compared well with measurements, providing bias generally less than 10%. Simulations greatly aided further development of the micro-light guiding shade panel. Several new RADIANCE algorithms were developed to improve daylight simulation in general.
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Baharuddin. "An investigation of factors affecting prediction of daylight availability in high-rise residential buildings in a high-densityurban environment: a case study in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43085179.
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Burrelsman, Teresa A. "IMPLEMENTING ENERGY-EFFICIENCY AND DAYLIGHTING IN GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS: A CASE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF THE TUCSON MAIN LIBRARY AND THE PHOENIX CENTRAL LIBRARY." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555305.
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Feijó, Maria Alice de Souza. "Diretrizes para implantação de uma regulamentação energética para a iluminação natural em edifícios de escritórios." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-24032010-135919/.
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Esta pesquisa resultou na proposição de um conjunto de diretrizes que viabilizem a implementação e a redação de um projeto de regulamentação energética para edifícios de escritórios, no que se refere à luz natural. Para tanto, foi efetuado um levantamento das leis, normas e certificações em vigência nos países: Brasil, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Portugal, Reino Unido, França e Alemanha, que se referem à iluminação natural e sua interface com a iluminação artificial, em edifícios de escritórios. Foram incluídos neste conjunto de regulamentos, normas da ISO e CIE, por se tratarem de referências internacionais. A partir deste levantamento foram destacados e agrupados por assunto, os itens que continham indicadores para a avaliação da admissão de luz natural em prédios de escritórios. No Capítulo 5, Estudos de Caso, foram analisados cinco projetos de escritórios, de prédios construídos na cidade de São Paulo, quanto aos aspectos da insolação e admissão da luz natural. Os projetos foram simulados em computador e, pelos resultados obtidos com a aplicação do software Radiance, verificou-se a conformidade destes projetos com os indicadores coletados. Estas avaliações permitiram conclusões sobre os projetos e, também, sobre os indicadores utilizados. A partir destas conclusões foram apresentadas diretrizes para o caso brasileiro, apontando itens para regulamentos que quando aplicados otimizem o uso da luz natural nos ambientes de escritórios.This research has resulted in the proposition of a group of directives which may enable the implementation and outlining of an energetic regulation project for office buildings as related to daylighting. To that end, current codes, norms and certification systems, in use in Brazil, United States, Canada, Portugal, United Kingdom, France, and Germany, all regarding daylighting and its interaction with artificial lighting in office buildings, were raised. We have added to this group of regulations the ISO and CIE norms, due to their being international references. Starting out from these regulations, the items that contain indicators for the evaluation of daylight admission in office buildings have been grouped and outlined by category. In chapter 5, Case Studies, five office buildings in Sao Paulo city have been analyzed regarding their insolation and daylight performance. The projects were computer-simulated and, through the results obtained by applying the Radiance software, the conformity of these projects with the collected indicators were verified. These evaluations led to conclusions about the projects, as well as about the used indicators. From these conclusions, directives have been presented for use in the Brazilian case, identifying items for regulations that, when applied, will optimize the use of daylight in offices.
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Pereira, Daniela Cardoso Laudares. "Iluminação natural em edifícios de escritórios: metodologia para avaliação do desempenho luminoso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-22062017-155747/.
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Esta tese parte da hipótese de que nem todos os edifícios de escritório com certificação ambiental na cidade de São Paulo, construídos entre os anos 2000 a 2016, atendem de modo satisfatório as condições de iluminação natural, segundo as recomendações hoje em vigor. Esses edifícios contemporâneos possuem grandes áreas envidraçadas em suas fachadas, sem proteção solar, que causam problemas de conforto térmico e luminoso. Para evitar o ofuscamento, os usuários acionam proteções solares internas como telas e persianas, o que acaba por impedir ou diminuir o acesso à luz natural. A pesquisa realizada fez um levantamento dos padrões construtivos prevalecentes em 28 edifícios de escritório que se enquadram na especificação descrita acima para verificar questões como: a profundidade da planta, transmissão luminosa dos vidros, WWR (Wall Window Ratio), entre outras. Os dados encontrados serviram para a elaboração de modelos referenciais, usados em simulações computacionais, com o objetivo de verificar a influência de variáveis arquitetônicas no desempenho da iluminação natural. As simulações foram realizadas no plug-in Diva do programa Rhinoceros 3D, que simula a iluminação natural de forma integrada com os softwares Radiance/DAYSIM, já validados pela comunidade científica internacional. O tratamento dos dados foi feito através de um método inédito de avaliação do desempenho luminoso e os resultados obtidos mostraram que 60% dos cenários analisados foram reprovados. Esta tese propõe uma metodologia de avaliação do desempenho luminoso de edifícios de escritório que considere de modo integrado a disponibilidade de luz natural, o conforto visual e o consumo de energia.This thesis is based on the hypothesis that not all office buildings with environmental certification in the city of São Paulo, constructed between 2000 and 2016, meet satisfactorily the conditions of daylighting, according to the recommendations currently in force. These contemporary offices have large glass areas without sun protection in their facades, causing problems of thermal and luminous comfort. In order to avoid glare, users employ indoor shading devices such as rollers and blinds, which ultimately prevent or reduce access to daylight. This research has carried out a survey on the prevailing constructive patterns of 28 office buildings that follow the specifications described above, to verify issues such as plan depth, light transmission of glasses, WWR (Wall Window Ratio), among others. The collected data were used to elaborate reference models used in computational simulations, aiming at verifying the influence of architectural variables on the performance of daylighting. The simulations were carried out with the Diva plug-in for Rhinoceros 3D program, which simulates daylighting, integrated with software Radiance/DAYSIM, already validated by the international scientific community. The data treatment was carried out through an innovative method for evaluating luminous performance, and the obtained results showed that 60% of the analyzed scenarios were disapproved. This thesis proposes that the methodology for evaluating the luminous performance of office buildings should consider the availability of daylight, visual comfort, and energy consumption in an integrated way.
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Basist, Renee Fern. "A daylit elementary school." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53117.
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This thesis investigates how architecture can go beyond basic programmatic requirements of a school to create a more pleasant environment for students and staff through the use of natural light and geometry.Master of Architecture
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Peixoto, Amanda Vanessa Monaco. "A iluminação natural na arquitetura religiosa: qualidade e desempenho luminoso em sistemas de iluminação natural geral da nave em igrejas católicas com referência à cidade de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-13062017-114851/.
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Este trabalho se propõe a analisar as formas de utilização da iluminação natural em edificações religiosas contemporâneas, com enfoque especial àquelas localizadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo. Com base numa seleção de sete obras que se destacam por sua preocupação com a iluminação natural desde o esboço inicial, o que resultou em espaços com qualidade cênica de luz e expressivo conforto visual, são reconhecidas estratégias de iluminação natural aplicadas a esta tipologia de projeto. Esta análise de referências é feita através de visitas de campo e estudos com base na bibliografia de referência. Três das estratégias identificadas são selecionadas para estudos analíticos mais aprofundados, onde possa-se ter maior compreensão sobre seu funcionamento. Tais estudos são feitos sobre modelagem e simulação computacional, inserindo sempre os estudos no clima da cidade de São Paulo. Após a análise com base em estudos analíticos, é feita a caracterização de funcionamento de cada um dos três sistemas estudados, possibilitando sua aplicação consciente em futuros projetos, considerando tanto o efeito plástico quanto o conforto visual. O Monitor de Cobertura concentra o foco de brilho nas paredes laterais da nave. O Clerestório, por sua vez, o concentra no eixo central da nave. Enquanto isso, as janelas altas laterais produzem uma mancha de brilho que se desloca mais claramente pela nave ao passar das horas. O dimensionamento das aberturas deve ser feito de forma a possibilitar o conforto visual pelo maior número de horas possível ao longo do ano. O resultado será uma igreja onde a luz toma o papel principal destacando a arquitetura e, ao mesmo tempo, permite que as atividades litúrgicas transcorram sem dificuldades visuais.This research intends to analise the use of daylighting in contemporary religious buildings, with special concern to those at the metropolitan region of São Paulo. Based on a selection of seven buildings that stand out for their concern with natural lighting since the initial sketch, which resulted in spaces with scenic quality of light and expressive visual comfort, are recognized natural lighting strategies that were applied to this design typology. This analysis of references is made through field visits and studies based on the reference bibliography. Three of the identified strategies are selected for further analytical studies, where one can gain a better understanding of their functioning. Such studies are done on modeling and computational simulation, always inserting studies in the of the city of São Paulo\'s climate. After analysis based on analytical studies, each of the three systems studied has is functioning characterized, allowing its conscious application in future projects, considering both the plastic effect and the visual comfort. The Roof Monitor focuses the brightness on the side walls of the church. The Clerestory, in turn, concentrates it in the central axis of the church. Meanwhile, the high side windows produce a bright zone that shifts more clearly through the nave as the hours pass. The openings dimensioning should be done in a way that allows visual comfort for as many hours as possible during the year. The result will be a church where light plays the leading role in highlighting architecture and, at the same time, allows liturgical activities to develop without visual difficulties.
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Lenoir, Aurélie. "On Comfort in Tropical Climates. The design and operation of Net Zero Energy Buildings." Thesis, La Réunion, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LARE0038.
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Cette thèse propose une approche originale axée sur l’étude du confort pour la conception et l’exploitation de bâtiments « zéro énergie » en climat tropical. Elle fait partie d'un projet international porté par l’Agence Internationale de l’Énergie (AIE), la Tâche 40 / Annexe 52 qui concerne les bâtiments « zéro énergie ». Le bâtiment ENERPOS, situé à La Réunion et utilisé comme étude de cas dans cette thèse, est l'un des trente bâtiments sélectionnés par l'AIE pour créer une base de données internationale de projets pilotes. L’étude part du constat que l'un des défis auxquels fait aujourd'hui face la zone intertropicale est la demande croissante en énergie. La conception passive des bâtiments est proposée comme une alternative intéressante pour réduire leurs besoins en énergie. Dans ce cas, une étude approfondie du bâtiment dans son ensemble est indispensable pour garantir l’équilibre entre le confort des occupants et la réduction des consommations énergétiques. Bien que la notion de confort soit profondément subjective, il est nécessaire d’affiner les méthodes et outils existants pour le caractériser en fonction des paramètres physiques de l'environnement (température, humidité, vitesse d’air, éclairement). Différentes approches du confort thermique et visuel sont introduites dans le but de proposer des critères d'évaluation adaptés aux bureaux d'études. Une enquête sur le confort thermique des occupants du bâtiment ENERPOS, incluant plus de 2000 questionnaires, a été menée entre 2008 et 2011. Les résultats obtenus conduisent à recommander des modifications de la zone de confort de Givoni, en augmentant en particulier la limite supérieure de l’humidité, dans le cas d’un bâtiment passif naturellement ventilé et muni de brasseurs d’air. Une méthodologie de simulation innovante, prenant en compte le comportement passif des bâtiments, grâce à une étude couplée du confort thermique et visuel, par opposition à l'approche traditionnelle centrée sur la consommation d'énergie, est proposée pour aider à optimiser la conception des bâtiments passifs. L'étude se concentre sur le choix et le dimensionnement des protections solaires qui jouent un rôle essentiel en climat tropical et qui ont un impact direct sur le confort des usagers des bâtiments.Bien que la phase de conception vise à optimiser le bâtiment pour limiter à la fois l'inconfort et la consommation d'énergie, son exploitation reste la phase critique qui est souvent négligée ou oubliée par les équipes de conception. Un retour expérimental global du bâtiment ENERPOS depuis sa construction, tant au niveau énergétique que du point de vu de ses utilisateurs permet de montrer qu’il est possible de réduire considérablement la consommation d’énergie d’un bâtiment, et donc son impact environnemental, tout en maintenant un confort acceptable pour ses occupantsThis thesis investigates a comfort approach for the design and the operation of Net Zero Energy Buildings (Net ZEBs) in tropical climates. The work is part of an international research project, Task 40 / Annex 52 led by the International Energy Agency (IEA), that concerns net zero energy solar buildings. The case study of the ENERPOS building located in Reunion Island is one of the 30 Net ZEBs selected by the IEA to create a database of demonstration projects worldwide. The point of departure of the study is the observation that one of the challenges facing the intertropical zone today is the growing energy demand. Passive design is suggested as a possible solution to reduce the energydemand of buildings. This approach leads to dealing with comfort issues rather than energy issues, as is usually the case. In spite of the inherent subjective nature of occupant comfort, there is an essential need for methods and tools to characterise comfort in relation to the physical parameters of the environment, for instance, temperature, humidity, air speed and illuminance. Different approaches to thermal and visual comfort are introduced, with the aim of proposing comfort evaluation criteria that are adapted to the design offices. A thermal comfort survey of the occupants of the ENERPOS building, based on over 2,000 feedbacks was conducted from 2008 to 2011. The results have led to the recommendation of modifications in the Givoni comfort zones, notably by extending the maximum humidity level, for passive buildings combining the use of natural ventilation and ceiling fans. An innovative methodology using simulations and taking the passive behaviour of the building into account, as opposed to the conventional approach with regard to energy use, is proposed to facilitate the optimisation of the design of passive buildings. The study focuses on the design of solar shading, given the extensive role it plays in tropical climate, as well as the direct impact it has on both thermal and visual comfort of building occupants. Although the design phase aims to optimise the building to limit both discomfort and energy consumption, the operation of the building remains the critical phase that is often neglected or overlooked by design teams. A broad examination of the operation phase of the ENERPOS building, since its construction, from both energy and users’ point of view, illustrates that a building can reduce its energy consumption significantly, and thus, its environmental impact while maintaining an acceptable level of comfort for its users
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Santos, Pedro Alberto Palma dos. "Métrica, proporção e luz: arquitetura sagrada moderna no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-29102015-115144/.
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A pesquisa debruça-se sobre a arquitetura religiosa moderna produzida no Brasil, sua trajetória e seu processo de renovação ao longo do século XX, tendo a luz natural como o protagonista deste espaço e o uso das técnicas de proporcionamento na composição plástica das igrejas como eficazes em mobilizar a percepção humana. O objeto de estudo da presente pesquisa configura-se através da arquitetura religiosa produzida por personagens do Movimento Moderno no Brasil: Oscar Niemeyer, Edgar Guimarães do Valle, Dominikus Böhm, Gottfried Böhm, Adolf Franz Heep, Edgar Oliveira Fonseca, Joaquim Guedes, Hans Broos, Antônio Carlos Farias Pedrosa, Jerônimo Bonilha Esteves, Israel Sancovski e Carlos Alberto Naves. Numa delimitação histórica, restringe-se ao período entre 1940 e 1970, fase de implementação, assimilação e consolidação dos princípios modernos no Brasil. Através do estudo e análise das capelas e igrejas escolhidas, a pesquisa desvenda as formas pelas quais o arquiteto entendeu o conceito luminoso, o problema de medidas e de proporções e como isso se refletiu nas expressões e linguagens que envolvem a arquitetura. Para isso, o trabalho analisa treze obras. Os programas representativos dessa arquitetura a serem estudados serão capelas e igrejas católicas.The research focuses on modern religious architecture produced in Brazil, its history and its process of renewal throughout the twentieth century and the natural light as the protagonist of this space and the use of proportioning techniques in plastic composition of the churches as effective to mobilize human perception. The study object of this research is configured through religious architecture produced by Modern Movement in Brazil characters: Oscar Niemeyer, Edgar Guimarães Valle, Dominikus Böhm, Gottfried Böhm, Adolf Franz Heep, Edgar Oliveira Fonseca, Joaquim Guedes, Hans Broos, Antonio Carlos Farias Pedrosa, Jeronimo Bonilha Esteves, Israel Sancovski and Carlos Alberto Naves. In a historical definition, is limited to the period between 1940 and 1970, the implementation phase, assimilation and consolidation of modern principles in Brazil. Through the study and analysis of the chosen chapels and churches, the research reveals the ways in which the architect got the bright idea, the problem of measurements and proportions and how it was reflected in the expressions and languages that involve architecture. For this, the paper analyzes thirteen works. Representative programs of this architecture to be studied will be chapels and Catholic churches.
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Vystrčil, Patrik. "Mateřská škola." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226606.
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The master’s thesis on the topic Kindergarten is processed in the form of project documentation for the implementation of the new building. The building is designed on a plot of 1840/1 in the cadastral Brno - Husovice. It is the kindergarten with a basement and two floors. The building is brick, partial basement and roofing flat roof with single shell. The building contains two classes for a total of 40 children. Food and washing bedding is provided by imports.
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Tu, Kai-di, and 涂凱帝. "A Study of Interior Daylighting in Chinese Green Buildings." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ftsx55.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
102
Green Building is sustainable building design based on human health and comfortable living environment. Nowadays, people are increasingly putting their concern on indoor comfort and environmental quality. Generally, good indoor environmental quality strongly impacts on work efficiency, health and life quality of occupants. The main indoor environments cover light, heat, noise, and air quality in general. However, indoor lighting in planning and design stage is still rarely investigated. This study takes indoors daylighting in China as case study to explore the approximate function, which can be used to efficiently estimate the indoor daylight at the planning stage. This study investigated the impact of weather and surrounding environment on building indoor daylights. As a result, an approximate equation was proposed to estimate indoor daylights for planning and design. Such an output can be used to efficiently evaluate whether the design fulfill the lighting design standard or not.
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Park, Kwang-Wook. "An illuminance ratio prediction method for daylighting control of buildings." Thesis, 2004. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/7834/1/NQ90397.pdf.
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Heating, cooling and lighting are the dominant sectors of energy consumption in commercial buildings. Controlling solar radiation through windows will improve the illuminance distribution as well as energy efficiency of buildings. Advanced window systems with motorized shading controlled in conjunction with light dimming constitute a promising approach for improving energy efficiency of buildings. However, the performance of current controlled daylighting systems is neither sufficiently reliable nor accurate, thereby reducing their widespread adoption. The uncertainty of light dimming control system performance is largely due to prediction of workplane illuminance. This makes the system unreliable and sometimes more complex. To improve the performance of light dimming control systems, the prediction of the workplane illuminance must be considered first. Without thorough understanding of systems, their control may not be achieved efficiently. A new daylight prediction method, Illuminance Ratio Prediction (IRP) method, is proposed in this thesis for an integrated daylighting control system. The proposed method, which is theoretically developed based on radiosity theory, shows that the illuminance ratio of two arbitrary surfaces in a space in the presence of one initial light source with varying quantity at a fixed location is always constant. The proposed method was experimentally proved. With the IRP method, reliable and accurate predictions of daylighting parameters such as the workplane illuminance, the exterior vertical illuminance and the solar heat gains through the window systems, were obtained as the basis for development of an integrated daylighting control methodology. The methodology was validated in an outdoor test-room with dimmable electric lighting and a window with built-in motorized blinds. The algorithm was calibrated with a workplane sensor control. Then, an integrated daylighting control system using an interior front wall sensor for prediction was successfully tested. It was found that this system could maintain both the workplane illuminance level and the solar heat gains at the desirable level by simultaneous controls of light dimming and blind tilt angle. With active daylighting control, significant energy savings may be achieved in energy consumption for lighting and cooling. One important asset of the methodology developed is that motorized blinds are optimally tilted so as to admit just enough daylight to satisfy workplane illuminance requirements predicted with IRP method, thus reducing cooling loads due to potential excessive solar gains.
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Tzempelikos, Athanassios. "A methodology for integrated daylighting and thermal analysis of buildings." Thesis, 2005. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/8574/1/NR09962.pdf.
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During the conceptual design stage of a building, the design team often has to make critical decisions with significant impact on energy performance and indoor comfort conditions. The design and selection of fenestration systems and their control plays a key role in determining building performance, especially for perimeter spaces of commercial buildings. The domains of heating, cooling and lighting are closely related. An integrated thermal and daylighting approach is required for investigating the interactions between the different building systems. Advanced building simulation software can be used to evaluate overall building performance for specific fenestration schemes. However, these tools cannot provide information on how to select near-optimal design solutions from a large set of alternatives, since they require detailed input data which are not yet available at the early design stage. Therefore the selection of final design solutions concerning fenestration often involves many subjective factors. In this Thesis, a general and systematic simulation-based methodology for integrated daylighting and thermal analysis of facades and perimeter spaces of commercial buildings during the early design stage is presented. Using a systems integration approach, major dynamic links between thermal and daylighting performance are identified and used as design variables in a coupled thermal and daylighting simulation program. Integrated performance-based indices, generated from the continuous interaction between daylighting and thermal simulation, are calculated as a function of key linking parameters for investigating the balance between daylighting benefits and energy performance. The variation of these measures allows extraction of critical information for selection of window-to-wall ratio, shading device properties and control plus electric lighting control strategies. Maximization of daylight utilization, reduction in peak loads and energy demand for heating, cooling and lighting are used as criteria. The methodology is general and can be applied to any type of façade, location, orientation, glazing type and shading options. Results presented for perimeter offices in Montreal provide guidelines for selecting window-to-wall ratio for unobstructed façades, as well as recommendations for choosing shading device properties and control in conjunction with electric lighting operation.
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CHUNG, MO-CHIEN, and 鍾牧謙. "A Study on Evaluation Indicator of Daylighting for Residential Buildings." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3x4x9w.
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碩士中原大學
建築研究所
107
In 1998, Taiwan established a green building assessment index system especially for the subtropical (high temperature and high humidity) climate in Taiwan, which has been in use for nearly 20 years. Over the past 20 years, Taiwan’s green building assessment methods have been continuously updated and adjusted, and assessment methods for daylighting in indoor environmental indicators are no exception. However, while pursuing precision, calculation difficulty in the new assessment methods has also increased relatively, resulting in many application cases finally waiving the daylighting assessment. How windows are opened in a building not only affects the design in the exterior but also deeply affects the daylighting distribution in the interior. Based on the abovementioned points, this study will focus on (1) daylighting assessment methods, (2) compare the difference in calculation results among various versions used in recent years, and (3) try to propose a daylighting assessment method that considers both “precision” and “simplicity.” The green building assessment manual in Taiwan is revised once every two to three years. Since the 2009 version, there have been four calculation approaches regarding daylighting assessment methods. In the earliest 2009 version, only the floor plan and ceiling height are needed, and the area within three times the ceiling height can be considered as the lighting area. The calculation approach in the 2012 version is the same as that in the 2009 version, but the value is changed to 2.5 times the ceiling height. The calculation approach in the 2015 version has changed considerably, with the area within 5 meters of horizontal depth from the window and 4 meters from the left and right outer edges of the window as the daylighting area. The calculation approach in the 2019 version (in the process of deliberation and drafting) is even more complicated, and requires preparation of a floor plan, a stereogram, and a door and window schedule. The daylighting area is the area within 3 meters in front of the 45-degree projection line of the window, 2 meters from the left and right ends of the line, and 1 meter behind the line. In Chapter 3, we compared the calculation approaches in the four versions using four cases, and determined that the difference among the four versions is small irrespective of the academic soundness of the version. The disparity range of daylighting performance NL value in Case A is within 0–3%, that in Case B is within 0–6%, that in Case C is within 0–2%, and that in Case D is within 0–4%.However, there is considerable difference in the time required for calculation and assessment. In the 2009 and 2012 versions, calculation and assessment only need the ceiling height and floor plan and can be completed quickly. Although the 2015 version also needs only the floor plan, it is necessary to draw the extension range from the window. The calculation in the 2019 version (in the process of deliberation and drafting) is even more complicated. It not only requires a floor plan but also a stereogram and a door and window schedule. In addition, the calculation is much more time-consuming than that in the 2015 version. In this study, we considered that the 2015 version is a relatively appropriate assessment method in view of both “precision” and “simplicity.” In Chapter 4, we considered four cases as the basis to explore the effect of shading depth on NL values. In the 2015 version, the impact value is negligible when the sun-shading depth is within 2 meters, and reduction is applied when the depth exceeds 2 meters; therefore, the value is changed when the proposed sun-shading depth reaches 3 meters. In the 2019 version (in the process of deliberation and drafting), when the original and virtual sun-shading depths are 1 meter, the disparity is 3% in Case A, 3% in Case B, 3% in Case C, and 5% in Case D, thereby showing little disparity. There is a considerable numerical difference between the virtual sun-shading depths of 2 and 3 meters. However, in the real-life congregate housing design, sun-shading depths of up to 2 or 3 meters are rarely seen. Therefore, sun-shading depths of congregate housing have little influence on the NL value.
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Lai, Yi-Chun, and 賴毅君. "A Study of Daylighting and Shading Device in Perimeter Area of Buildings." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76951455342665708810.
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"An investigation into the relationship between daylighting quality and quantity for school buildings in Hong Kong." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6073491.
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Wu Wei."November 2002."
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
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CHEN, YI-LUN, and 陳逸倫. "An Energy Evaluation Method For Daylighting And Thermal Effects Of Shading Device In Buildings." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61993136840430142932.
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碩士淡江大學
建築學系
89
The purpose of thesis is focused on energy conservation of building，and to discuss shading efficiency and daylighting efficiency of outside shading device。Using the method of computer simulation to simulate different rate of opening area and horizontal、vertical 、egg crate shading devices how to influence load of air conditioner and illumination，and to build up the best shading style for different directions。To provide rational procedure of shading design for designer，so them can simultaneously use the concept of shading and daylighting to evaluation and design outside opening of buildings。 Chap.1 To point out the research motive、subjects、method and procedure。 Chap.2 To organize and sort out the domestic research form related articles in order to clarify the connections between correlation research subjects and establish the research orientation and scope。 Chap.3 This chapter have two main parts：（1）shading efficiency simulate system：First，bring up simulate procedure of shading and related equation of shading solar radiation energy，then use they to make up basic frame of computer simulate system ；（2）how to utilize meteorological data of solar radiation energy 。 Chap.4 This chapter have three main parts：（1）daylighting efficiency simulate system：First，bring up simulate procedure of daylighting and related equation of indoor daylighting，then use they to make up basic frame of computer simulate system；（2）indoor daylight factors：transforms daylight factors of reduced scale model experiment and daylight factors of radial theory computer program into indoor daylight factors；（3）how to utilize meteorological data of diffuse daylight availability。 Chap.5 The basic frame of Computer Simulation is according to 3、4 chapters of related simulate system。Using Microsoft ACCESS 2000 program and VBA write Computer Simulation program of Energy Conservation on Daylighting and Outside Shading Device。The rear of chapter relates process procedure and calculational contents of computer program。 Chap.6 This chapter have two cases：（1）use an apartment with one living room、one kitchen、three bedrooms and two toilets to operate computer program（2）use single room（suite、sickroom, etc.） to evaluation efficiency of energy conservation and style of equal value for horizontal shading device。 Chap.7 To put fruitful results of thesis in order and relates it，then provide rational shading style、rate of opening area and depth rate of shading board ，in addition to suggest a specific structure for further study。
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YOU, YI-GI, and 游義琦. "The evaluation method for energy conservation of buildings air conditioning with the devices of shading and daylighting." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09885533337640747896.
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Shen-Shing, Chen, and 陳聖仙. "The evaluation economic effects for energy conservation of buildings on the envlope, daylighting, lighting and air conditioning." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18176085200487993942.
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Hu, Jianxin. "The design and assessment of advanced daylighting systems integrated with typical interior layouts in multi-story office buildings." 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-01252003-130235/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
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Wu, Chun-Yi, and 吳俊毅. "A Study of Buildings Energy Conservation in the Aspect of Daylighting & Shading for 48 Orientations at Penghu Area." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80399403837848302768.
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碩士淡江大學
建築學系碩士班
96
Abstract: This study is to provide the comprehensive analysis of buildings energy conservation in the aspect of daylighting , and shading for three type of shading device in Penghu Area. The results of this study will provide energy conservation guideline for different orientations to meet the designer’s needs. This study includes the following content: Chapter 1 To point out the research motive , objects, assumption, method, and procedure. Chapter 2 The literatures is arranged by "data of the weather", " effect of daylighting ", "effect of shading ", "the evaluation of window performance", and "energy conservation of the building". Chapter 3 The analysis is arranged to the weather data in Penghu area. The data is arranged by “ daylighting ”, " temperature" and " solar radiation energy ”. Chapter 4 To analyze the performance data of the combination of solar radiation energy. Chapter 5 To analyze the performance data of the combination of daylighting. Chapter 6 To analyze the performance data of energy conservation in the aspect of daylighting , shading, and compare the efficiency of combined models. Chapter 7 To make conclusions and the recommendation of further study.
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Ssengooba-Kasule, William [Verfasser]. "Daylighting and sun shading in buildings in tropical regions : an example of Virika-Hospital, Kasese, Uganda / by Ssengooba-Kasule." 2003. http://d-nb.info/968413544/34.
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Liao, Ling-Mei, and 廖霖梅. "A Study of Buildings on Energy Conservation in the Aspect of Daylighting , Shading Devices, and Solar Pannels in Danshuei Area." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66930278241690591930.
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碩士淡江大學
建築學系碩士班
93
The main purpose of this study is to provide the comprehensive analysis of energy conservation in the aspect of daylighting , shading Devices, and solar pannels for three type of shading device---horizontal , vertical, and eggcrate in Danshuei Area. The performance of those combinations for the contribution of energy saving will be discussed. The results of this study will provide energy saving guideline for different orientations to meet the designer’s needs. This study includes the following content： Chap 1 To point out the research motive, objective, assumption, method, and procedure. Chap 2 To organize and sort out the achievements from related articles collection. And to clarify the connections between various research subjects and establish the research orientation and scope. Chap 3 To make decision of shading device models. Combining antecedent research of Shading Physical Scaling Model and sorting out the congruent factors of them. Chap 4 To provide the energy saving of solar radiation and diffuse daylight in Danshuei area and to evaluate the efficiency of daylight performance and shading efficiency for each shading device model. Above analysis and evaluation are focus on the radiation, season, azimuth, and tilt angle, and a recommendation will be presented for designers. Chap 5 To analyze the performance data of the combination of solar radiation, daylighting, and solar panels. Chap 6 To analyze factors of energy conservation in the aspect of daylighting , shading Devices, and solar pannels , and compare the efficiency of those combined models. Chap 7 To make conclusions and the recommendation of further study.
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Smith, Jr Barry Warren. "Inner 'Green' Space A Study of Conservationism in Atrium Spaces Using Academic Buildings in Southern Ontario." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3508.
Full textAbstract:
Since taking hold in the mid 1960s, the modern atrium has become prevalent in many designs and buildings within contemporary architecture. The modern day atrium has endured to find its place amidst our current technologies and design aspirations by continuing to offer a capacity for assisting in urban strategies, providing strong economic returns on investment, conserving or recycling existing buildings, and for its potential to reduce energy consumption. Today, as concerns for energy and the environment rise to prominence within contemporary opinion, the reliance on more integrated conservational design strategies such as what the atrium offers in the matter of material and energy conservation is more relevant than ever. Yet simply including an atrium space within a building does not guarantee its effectiveness in realizing the potential for sustainable design.
By selecting to survey a collection of recently completed academic buildings in Southern Ontario, the thesis aimed to examine what current reality exists in our use of the atrium with regards to its conservational characteristics. By examining the atrium’s ability to integrate sustainable design strategies in three areas: the adaptation into existing buildings and flexible program space; the use of effective daylighting; and the provisions to manage passive air handling; the thesis identified what conservational attributes are present and how often these functions are accomplished within the atrium designs of the selected study group of buildings.
Overall it was found that the current trends of conservationism in atria of the studied academic buildings are constant, that is, they do not exhibit growth proportional to the increasing awareness of ‘green’ and sustainable thinking seen in today’s culture. Furthermore, the thesis closes with a concluding critique, providing a discussion surrounding the belief that though the atrium is a possible material and energy conservational tool, much of its success can be attributed to the meticulous planning and holistic approach involved in the execution of successfully resolved atria designs.
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Smith, Barry+"Warren"+"Jr ." "Inner 'Green' Space A Study of Conservationism in Atrium Spaces Using Academic Buildings in Southern Ontario." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3508.
Full textAbstract:
Since taking hold in the mid 1960s, the modern atrium has become prevalent in many designs and buildings within contemporary architecture. The modern day atrium has endured to find its place amidst our current technologies and design aspirations by continuing to offer a capacity for assisting in urban strategies, providing strong economic returns on investment, conserving or recycling existing buildings, and for its potential to reduce energy consumption. Today, as concerns for energy and the environment rise to prominence within contemporary opinion, the reliance on more integrated conservational design strategies such as what the atrium offers in the matter of material and energy conservation is more relevant than ever. Yet simply including an atrium space within a building does not guarantee its effectiveness in realizing the potential for sustainable design.
By selecting to survey a collection of recently completed academic buildings in Southern Ontario, the thesis aimed to examine what current reality exists in our use of the atrium with regards to its conservational characteristics. By examining the atrium’s ability to integrate sustainable design strategies in three areas: the adaptation into existing buildings and flexible program space; the use of effective daylighting; and the provisions to manage passive air handling; the thesis identified what conservational attributes are present and how often these functions are accomplished within the atrium designs of the selected study group of buildings.
Overall it was found that the current trends of conservationism in atria of the studied academic buildings are constant, that is, they do not exhibit growth proportional to the increasing awareness of ‘green’ and sustainable thinking seen in today’s culture. Furthermore, the thesis closes with a concluding critique, providing a discussion surrounding the belief that though the atrium is a possible material and energy conservational tool, much of its success can be attributed to the meticulous planning and holistic approach involved in the execution of successfully resolved atria designs.
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"An Adaptive Intelligent Integrated Lighting Control Approach for High-Performance Office Buildings." Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.29815.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: An acute and crucial societal problem is the energy consumed in existing commercial buildings. There are 1.5 million commercial buildings in the U.S. with only about 3% being built each year. Hence, existing buildings need to be properly operated and maintained for several decades. Application of integrated centralized control systems in buildings could lead to more than 50% energy savings.
This research work demonstrates an innovative adaptive integrated lighting control approach which could achieve significant energy savings and increase indoor comfort in high performance office buildings. In the first phase of the study, a predictive algorithm was developed and validated through experiments in an actual test room. The objective was to regulate daylight on a specified work plane by controlling the blind slat angles. Furthermore, a sensor-based integrated adaptive lighting controller was designed in Simulink which included an innovative sensor optimization approach based on genetic algorithm to minimize the number of sensors and efficiently place them in the office. The controller was designed based on simple integral controllers. The objective of developed control algorithm was to improve the illuminance situation in the office through controlling the daylight and electrical lighting. To evaluate the performance of the system, the controller was applied on experimental office model in Lee et al.’s research study in 1998. The result of the developed control approach indicate a significantly improvement in lighting situation and 1-23% and 50-78% monthly electrical energy savings in the office model, compared to two static strategies when the blinds were left open and closed during the whole year respectively.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Architecture 2015
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Lung, Chiang，Chien, and 江堅龍. "Daylighting Incorporating Artificial On-out Control Lighting System for Office Buildings ─ Exploring the visual perception beside windows in an imitative overcast sky environment." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66525752041891442241.
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Oh, Sukjoon. "Origins of Analysis Methods in Energy Simulation Programs Used for High Performance Commercial Buildings." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151151.
Full textAbstract:
Current designs of high performance buildings utilize hourly building energy simulations of complex, interacting systems. Such simulations need to quantify the benefits of numerous features including: thermal mass, HVAC systems and, in some cases, special features such as active and passive solar systems, photovoltaic systems, and lighting and daylighting systems. Unfortunately, many high performance buildings today do not perform the way they were simulated. One potential reason for this discrepancy is that designers using the simulation programs do not understand the analysis methods that the programs are based on and therefore they may have unreasonable expectations about the system performance or use.
The purpose of this study is to trace the origins of a variety of simulation programs and the analysis methods used in the programs to analyze high performance buildings in the United States. Such an analysis is important to better understand the capabilities of the simulation programs so they can be used more accurately to simulate the performance of an intended design. The goal of this study is to help explain the origins of the analysis methods used in whole-building energy simulation, solar system analysis simulation or design, and lighting and daylighting analysis simulation programs. A comprehensive history diagram or genealogy chart, which resolves discrepancies between the diagrams of previous studies, has been provided to support the explanations for the above mentioned simulation programs.
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Antunes, Humberto Simões. "Daylight and Energy Performance of Automated Control Strategies for Interior Roller Shades." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/20163.
Full textAbstract:
The façades design should be considered a major issue in the design of energy-efficient buildings. Manually controlled shades aren’t often adjusted properly by the office occupants. This situation leads to an increasing in the electrical lighting as well as heating and cooling loads. That is why the use of dynamic façade components is increasing amongst building designs, being able to adapt to interior and exterior impacts, and thus increasing the occupant comfort and reducing the energy consumption. The study presented in this document evaluates the daylight and energy performance of two automated shading control strategies for interior roller shades in the case of an existing office building. Both strategies were applied to three types of interior roller shade fabrics combined with three glass types. Computer simulations were conducted using Radiance to calculate the illuminance at work-plane values and EnergyPlus for energy consumption. The results showed that automated shading control strategies have the potential to minimize the total annual energy demand and significantly improve the daylight performance. Also, the optical properties of the glass and roller shades fabric have a big impact on the overall performance.