Academic literature on the topic 'Davanoids'

Five tetrahydrofuran sesquiterpenes, so-called davanones, and coumarin umbelliferone isolated from Artemisia lobelii All. var. canescens (DC) Briqu, were tested for antifungal activity. All the compounds inhibited the growth of the applied fungi. The overall activity of one of them 2-hydroxy-2,6,10-trimethyl-7,10-epoxydodeca- 3,11-dien-5-on, was comparable to that of the antibiotic bifonazole.

The compositional variability of the essential oils of aerial parts of mugwort ( Artemisia vulgaris L.), collected from fifteen wild populations in Lithuania is detailed. The most predominant components were davanones (13.8-45.5%, six oils), germacrene D (9.1-30.5%, four oils), 1,8-cineole (16.4%, one oil), camphor (18.9%, one oil), trans-thujone (8.9 and 10.9%, two oils) and cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (10.4%, one oil). To the best of our knowledge, the davanone chemotype for A. vulgaris oils is described for the first time. The toxicity of the mugwort essential oils was determined using brine shrimp ( Artemia sp.) assay. LC50 values (10.3-23.1 μg/mL) obtained for the oils after 24 h of exposure revealed that the oils containing appreciable amounts of germacrene D, 1,8-cineole, camphor and davanone were notably toxic.

Artemisia absinthium, a plant distributed worldwide, has been reported for its numerous traditional uses, and its phytoconstituents have been investigated in several previous publications. The current study was designed to investigate the chemistry and quality; i.e., the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, of A. absinthium volatile oil from plant species growing in the central area of Saudi Arabia compared to reported data for the plant growing in other parts of the world. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) spectroscopic analyses, in addition to in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic assays, were conducted to fulfill the aims, and integrated the study’s conclusion. A total of 34 compounds representing 99.98% of the essential oil of the plant were identified; among them, cis-davanone was found at the highest concentration (52.51%) compared to the other constituents. In addition, α-gurjunene (7.15%), chamazulene (3.38%), camphene (3.27), γ-eudesmol (2.49%), pinocarvone (2.18%), and ocimenone (2.03%) were also identified as major constituents of the plant’s essential oil. The total percentage of davanones (53%) was the highest percentage found in the plant species growing elsewhere in the world. The antioxidant assays; i.e., the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging activity (DPPH-SA), evidenced the potential in vitro antioxidant activity of the A. absinthium essential oil, with 35.59, 10.54, and 24.00 mg Trolox equivalent per gram of the essential oil. In addition, the metal-cheating activity (MCA) of the essential oil was measured at 29.87 mg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) equivalent per gram of the essential oil. Moreover, a limited cytotoxic effect of the essential oil against all tested cell lines was observed, which might be considered as an indicator of the safety of A. absinthium as a worldwide edible plant. In conclusion, the study confirmed the variations in the A. absinthium essential oil constituents in response to the environmental conditions. The study also highlighted the potential health benefits of the plant’s essential oil as an antioxidant agent.

L’objectif principal de ce travail s’inscrit dans le domaine large de la chimie des substances naturelles. L’objectif assigné est une contribution à la connaissance de la composition chimique des huiles essentielles de de deux plantes de la famille des astéracées : Scolymus grandiflorus et Carduncellus pinnatus ; et une plante de la famille des Lamiacées : Salvia argentea par la mise en oeuvre de techniques d’analyses modernes et complémentaires (CPG, CPG-SM et RMN). Ce travail de thèse est aussi une étude approfondie des propriétés biologiques de ces différentes huiles essentielles, en réalisant des tests d'activités antimicrobiennes, antioxydante et un travail initiatique sur l’inhibition des récepteurs du VEGF par deux méthodes de chimie computationnelle. Les compositions chimiques des huiles trouvées dans ces plantes et les résultats des activités biologiques sont prometteurs et ouvrent des perspectives intéressantes. Les compositions chimiques des parties souterraines de ces plantes présentent des constituants originaux tels que les Davanones, le Ferruginol, le dérivé de Phenaleno[1,9-bc]furane, l’Aethiopinone, la saprothoquinone, la Salvipisone, et de la 12- hydroxysapriparaquinone. L’étude des propriétés biologiques des huiles essentielles obtenues à partir des trois plantes s’est révélée très concluante
The main objective of this work falls within the broad field of the chemistry of natural substances. The assigned objective is to contribute to the knowledge of the chemical composition of essential oils of two plants of the asteraceae family: Scolymus grandiflorus and Carduncellus pinnatus; and a plant of the Lamiaceae family: Salvia argentea by implementing modern and complementary analysis techniques (CPG, CPG-MS and NMR). This thesis work is also an in-depth study of the biological properties of these different essential oils, by carrying out tests for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and an initiatory work on the inhibition of VEGF receptors by two methods of computational chemistry. The chemical compositions of the oils found in these plants and the results of the biological activities are promising and open up interesting perspectives. The chemical compositions of the root parts of these plants present original constituents such as Davanones, Ferruginol, the derivative of Phenaleno [1,9-bc] furan, Aethiopinone, saprothoquinone, Salvipisone, and 12- hydroxysapriparaquinone. The study of the biological properties of the essential oils obtained from the three plants has been shown to be very conclusive