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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Benedetti, Laura. "Margherita Datini, Letters to Francesco Datini." Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies 48, no. 3 (October 3, 2014): 622–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014585814542579.

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2

Blanchfield, Lyn A. "Letters to Francesco Datini." Medieval Feminist Forum 48, no. 2 (April 3, 2013): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/1536-8742.1931.

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3

Datini (book author), Margherita, Carolyn James (book translator), Antonio Pagliaro (book translator), and Duane J. Osheim (review author). "Letters to Francesco Datini." Renaissance and Reformation 35, no. 4 (June 5, 2013): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v35i4.19707.

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4

Camesasca, Gloria. "«E io sono in quel numero, benché disutile sia»: l’amicizia tra Lapo Mazzei e Francesco Datini." Italianistica Debreceniensis 26 (December 1, 2020): 120–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34102/itde/2020/9385.

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Il notaio Lapo Mazzei (1350-1412) era un corrispondente del mercante pratese Francesco di Marco Datini (1335 circa-1410). Le lettere di Mazzei scritte a Datini dal 1390 al 1410 e pubblicate da Cesare Guasti (1822-1889) sono una fonte importante perché restituiscono uno spaccato significativo della vita e dei rapporti personali di un mercante e di un notaio vissuti in Toscana alla fine del XIV secolo. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è analizzare l'amicizia tra Mazzei e Datini e altre figure importanti attraverso lo studio delle lettere notarili
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5

EMANOV, Alexander G., and Vladislav A. EVSTIUNIN. "FRANCESCO DATINI IN EPISTOLARY REFLECTION." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 7, no. 1 (2021): 144–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2021-7-1-144-158.

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The article attempts to reconstruct the mentality of the medieval burgher Francesco Datini (1335-1410) on the materials of his epistolary archive in order to study his inherent reflexive practices in the context of time and life circumstances. The period of Datini’s life (XIV-XV centuries) was marked by a number of cataclysms, among which the Great Plague Pandemic of the middle of the XIV century seems to be the most global phenomenon. People of the “Old World” who survived these shocks felt irreversible social and mental changes. Their habitual way of life seemed to go into an irrevocable past, the established group and individual identity was destroyed. At the same time, a new model of life behavior and identity has not yet taken shape. As a methodological basis for the research undertaken, we chose the methods of emotive history, which allowed us to concentrate research efforts on emotions and value orientations, as well as the theory of liminality, which focuses on studying the states impact of uncertainty on groups of people and individuals. Datini’s correspondence was divided into two parts, official — with his business partners and private — with his foster mother Monna Piera di Pratese Boschetti, his wife Monna Margarita and his closest friend, notary and judge, Ser Lapo di Macei. In business correspondence, Francesco Datini appears to be occupied exclusively with thoughts on income, prone to maxims and evil irony. In private correspondence, the religious motivation of his actions, emotions, doubts, fears and fears are revealed, which were reinforced by the eschatological expectations of the transitional period. These observations made it possible to characterize the reflexive practices of Francesco Datini as liminal. Datini’s reflexive experience turned out to be very multidimensional, reflecting the catastrophic nature of the time he lived through, which prompted him in the last years of his life to turn to charity, long fasts and asceticism.
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6

Schutt, Will. "Francesco Datini, Merchant of Prato." Hopkins Review 11, no. 4 (2018): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/thr.2018.0089.

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7

Byrne, Joseph P., and Eleanor A. Congdon. "Mothering in the Casa Datini." Journal of Medieval History 25, no. 1 (March 1999): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4181(98)00018-9.

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8

Schuller, Michelle. "L’Exil domestique de Margherita Datini." Arzanà, no. 16-17 (April 1, 2013): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/arzana.227.

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9

Rizzi, Andrea. "Letters to Francesco Datini by Margherita Datini trans. by Carolyn James and Antonio Pagliaro." Parergon 31, no. 2 (2014): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pgn.2014.0079.

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10

Schuller, Michelle. "Les lettres de Lapo Mazzei à Francesco Datini." Arzanà, no. 13 (June 1, 2010): 297–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/arzana.594.

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11

Sardina, Patrizia. "Datini, Majorque et le Maghreb (14e-15e siècles)." Al-Masāq 27, no. 3 (September 2, 2015): 307–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2015.1100834.

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12

Schuller, Michelle. "L'exil domestique de Margherita Datini : l'histoire singulière d'un couple." Arzanà 16, no. 1 (2013): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arzan.2013.1041.

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13

Coulon, Damien. "Giampiero Nigro (ed.), Francesco di Marco Datini, L’uomo il mercante." Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez, no. 41-1 (April 15, 2011): 268–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mcv.3749.

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14

Li, Ling-Fan. "Arbitrage, communication, and market integration at the time of Datini." European Review of Economic History 21, no. 4 (May 26, 2017): 414–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hex009.

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15

Crabb, Ann. "Gaining Honor as Husband’s Deputy: Margherita Datini at Work, 1381–1410." Early Modern Women: An Interdisciplinary Journal 3 (September 1, 2008): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/emw23541532.

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16

Crabb, Ann. "“If I could write”: Margherita Datini and Letter Writing, 1385–1410*." Renaissance Quarterly 60, no. 4 (2007): 1170–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ren.2007.0459.

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AbstractMargherita Datini’s correspondence with her husband Francesco presents a well-documented case of progress from partial to full literacy. In Margherita’s merchant world, letter writing was a major concern, and her household duties included frequent reports to her absent husband. First, she prided herself on her dictation, and then she turned her attention to reading and writing. A recently discovered autograph letter shows that she was writing at twenty-eight, earlier than previously thought, and she attained full literacy in her mid-thirties. After that, writing no longer seemed a challenge, and she returned to using a scribe.
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17

Jouanique, Pierre. "Three medieval merchants: Francesco di Marco Datini, Jacques Coeur and Benedetto Cotrugli." Accounting, Business & Financial History 6, no. 3 (January 1996): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585209600000046.

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18

Sangster, Alan, Greg Stoner, Paul De Lange, Brendan O'Connell, and Giovanna Scataglini-Belghitar. "PACIOLI'S FORGOTTEN BOOK: THE MERCHANT'S RICORDANZE." Accounting Historians Journal 39, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.39.2.27.

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ABSTRACT Double entry bookkeeping emerged by the end of the 13th century and was adopted by, for example, the Datini of Prato during the 1380s. In the transition from single to double entry evident in the Datini Archives, initially accounting records were kept in an account book called a Ricordanze. Record books of this name were typical of Tuscany and, when such books were first used in Tuscany, businessmen began to use them also as a form of personal diary and autobiographical record. Others not in business followed suit and maintained purely personal biographical diaries of the same name. For those in business, the Ricordanze thus developed into a hybrid: partly autobiography and personal and, partly, a place to record matters relating to his business, including details of transactions and of other matters he did not wish to forget, such as promises, obligations, and conditional agreements. As revealed in the Datini archives for the 14th and 15th centuries, use of a Ricordanze for this purpose was discontinued in the accounting system and the book was replaced with another called a Memoriale, which contained details of all business transactions. By the time Pacioli wrote the first published description of double entry bookkeeping, the Memoriale was identified as one of the three principal account books of that system. The others were the Giornale [journal] and the Quaderno [ledger]. However, largely unnoticed by accounting scholars, towards the end of his treatise, Pacioli also describes another book that merchants ‘would be wise to keep’: a Ricordanze. Not a personal Ricordanze nor a hybrid personal plus business Ricordanze, nor a version of a Memoriale. Pacioli's Ricordanze was intended to serve a very specific purpose: it was a book dedicated to maintaining a record of things that should not be forgotten. As such, it was intended to provide an extra layer of managerial control over the affairs of the merchant beyond that provided by the double entry system. This paper considers the role of Pacioli's Ricordanze, of the records that may be maintained within it, discusses the merits of maintaining a record book of this type, and questions why such a clearly useful device does not appear to have been adopted even though it was described in the same treatise which led to the universal adoption of double entry bookkeeping.
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19

Nanni, Paolo, and Nanni Paolo. "Agricoltura e agricoltori nelle terre di Francesco di Marco Datini (XIV-XV secolo)." a. L, n. 2. dicembre 2010, no. 2 (April 20, 2011): 3–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35948/0557-1359/2011.1533.

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20

Kuehn, Thomas. "Ann Crabb.The Merchant of Prato’s Wife: Margherita Datini and Her World, 1360–1423." American Historical Review 121, no. 2 (April 2016): 663.1–663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/121.2.663.

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21

Byrne, Joseph P. "The Merchant as Penitent: Francesco di Marco Datini and the Bianchi Movement of 1399." Viator 20 (January 1989): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.viator.2.301356.

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22

Maitte, Corine. "Incertitudes et Bricolages L'industrie textile à Prato aux 18eet 19esiècles." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 52, no. 6 (December 1997): 1275–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1997.279633.

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L'histoire d'Italie et d'Europe tout entière vient finir à Prato, en chiffons.Pour qui s'occupe de textile et d'industrie, Prato évoque deux époques et deux réalités totalement différentes : d'une part, l'entreprise médiévale de Francesco di Marco Datini, qui propageait, en même temps que son nom et celui de sa ville, quelques draps de la production locale, dans l'Europe commerçante du temps ; d'autre part, un district industriel typique de la « troisième » Italie dont la croissance — toujours fondée sur le textile — lit crier au miracle économique dans l'après-guerre et continue de susciter une féconde réflexion sur un développement différent du « modèle fordien ». Entre ces deux images fortes, un vide relatif.
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23

EVSTIUNIN, Vladislav A. "DATINI ARCHIVE DOCUMENTS AS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING THE ETHICAL CONCEPTS OF THE PREMODERN BUSINESS MAN." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 7, no. 4 (2021): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2021-7-4-219-235.

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The article provides an analysis of documents from the Datini archive, the purpose of which is to determine the prospects for studying the ethical views of a business person of the premodern era on their material. During the High and Late Middle Ages in Western Europe, there was a “rise of cities” due to the activities of the most mobile and creative social groups of medieval townspeople — merchants, and later entrepreneurs and financiers. Their occupations and way of life contributed to the development of a different type of behavior, new ethical attitudes. One of these business people was Francesco Datini (1335-1410). The methodological basis of the research was formed by the theory of the ethos of the Polish researcher Maria Ossovskaya, which was perceived by domestic scientists in the post-Soviet period. The analysis made it possible to establish the linguistic identity of 148265 letters from the archive. Most of them were written in Tuscan “volgare”. This confirmed the prevailing point of view in historiography about the formation of commercial and financial companies in the cities of medieval Tuscany mainly on the basis of family ties. There were also found letters in Latin, Catalan, Provencal and other languages. Due to the linguistic diversity of sources and the vast geography of their origin, it seemed the most promising to use the methods of “digital history” in further research, which implies the creation of a prosopographic database of Datini’s correspondents and the construction of a GIS on its basis. The linguistic affiliation of the letters was the main marker of the cultural and national identity of their authors, however, the supranational factor that united these people was their belonging to the ethos of a business man of the premodern era, which is characterized by a combination of irrational religiosity with the emerging rational pragmatics.
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24

Garre, Leandro Sanchez. "El seguro en Europa del siglo XIII al siglo XVIII: «Ad risicum Dei, maris et gentium…» (Nota sobre el VII Curso de Especialización en Historia Económica «Federico Melis», celebrado en Prato del 17 de septiembre al 13 de octubre de 1984)." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 3, no. 2 (September 1985): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610900013781.

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Continuando el ciclo iniciado el pasado año en torno a la figura del mercader, se ha celebrado en la localidad toscana de Prato, en la sede del Archivo «Francesco Datini», el VII Curso de Especialización en Historia Económica «Federico Melis», entre los días 17 de septiembre y 13 de octubre de 1984. El programa de este año ha previsto el estudio en profundidad de le besoin de sécurité: «El seguro en Europa del siglo XIII al XVIII». El ciclo acabará el próximo otoño con los seminarios que se dedicarán a los medios e instrumentos de pago (Moneda y Cambios) que surgieron o se desarrollaron alrededor de tan importante tema de la historia de los tiempos modernos.
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25

Falini, Irene. "Un altro fantasma di meno: le lettere di Lorenzo Moschi a Francesco di Marco Datini." Giornale storico della letteratura italiana 198, no. 662 (April 2021): 241–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.gsli.5.130309.

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26

Hurlburt, Holly S. "The Merchant of Prato’s Wife: Margherita Datini and Her World, 1360–1423 by Ann Crabb." Early Modern Women 10, no. 2 (2016): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/emw.2016.0018.

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27

NAM, Jong Kuk. "A Daily Life of Medieval European Women : Margherita Datini, Wife of the Merchant of Prato." Journal of Western Medieval History 42 (September 30, 2018): 39–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21591/jwmh.2018.42.2.039.

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28

Tumino, Marco. "Formazione e attività dei giovani mercanti. Fattori, collaboratori e soci nelle aziende di Francesco Datini." Mélanges de l'École française de Rome. Italie et Méditerranée, no. 131-2 (December 30, 2019): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mefrim.6470.

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29

Tomas, Natalie. "The Merchant of Prato's Wife: Margherita Datini and her World, 1360–1423 by Ann Crabb." Parergon 33, no. 3 (2016): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pgn.2016.0140.

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30

Pellegrino, Deborah. "Keeping Track of the Household: Accounting the Exceptional Spousal Collaboration between Margherita and Francesco Datini." I Tatti Studies in the Italian Renaissance 25, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 251–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/721697.

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31

Kaborycha, Lisa. "Margherita Datini, Letters to Francesco Datini., trans., Carolyn James and Antonio Pagliaro. (The Other Voice in Early Modern Europe: The Toronto Series 16.) Toronto: ITER, 2012. Pp. xiv, 431; color figures. $37. ISBN: 9780772721167." Speculum 89, no. 1 (January 2014): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0038713413004296.

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32

Schuller, Michelle. "Les lettres de Lapo Mazzei à Francesco Datini : l'amitié entre le notaire et le grand marchand." Arzanà 13, no. 1 (2010): 297–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arzan.2010.978.

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33

Contrada, Christine. "Margherita Datini. Letters to Francesco Datini . Trans. Carolyn James and Antonio Pagliaro. The Other Voice in Early Modern Europe: The Toronto Series 16. Toronto: Iter Inc., 2012. xiv + 431 pp. $37. ISBN: 978–0–7727–2116–7." Renaissance Quarterly 66, no. 1 (2013): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/670459.

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34

Brown, Josh. "Testimonianze di una precoce toscanizzazione nelle lettere commerciali del mercante milanese Francesco Tanso (?–1398), Archivio Datini, Prato." Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies 49, no. 3 (August 11, 2015): 683–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014585815593483.

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35

NAM, Jong Kuk. "Social Perception of Infertility and Its Treatment in Late Medieval Italy: Margherita Datini, an Italian Merchant’s Wife." Korean Journal of Medical History 25, no. 3 (December 31, 2016): 519–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2016.25.519.

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36

Kuter, Mikhail, Marina Gurskaya, and Dmitriy Aleinikov. "The earlier synthetic balance sheet of Datini's Company in Avignon (1410): The combined accounting system." De Computis - Revista Española de Historia de la Contabilidad 17, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26784/issn.1886-1881.v17i1.371.

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When studying accounting history, the use of archival sources is very important. Unfortunately, when scholars explore the genesis of accounting practice, archival sources are not often used. This paper does so, presenting a detailed explanation of features of the accounting system used by Francesco di Marco Datini’s’ company in Avignon 14091410. This accounting system used stocktaking and double entry in order to determination of the operating result and produce an analytical balance sheet. This study analyzed the Quaderno di Ragionamento (the book for drawing-up final accounts, including the financial result) with the aim of clarifying the features of this process. It also investigated the procedure used in preparing the synthetic balance sheet, a process not known previously elsewhere. This research was based on the archival material comprising of account books of the medieval merchant company of Datini, preserved in the State Archive in Prato.
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37

Filipponi (book editor), Stefano, Eleonora Mazzocchi (book editor), Ludovica Sebregondi (book editor), and Nicholas Terpstra (review author). "Il mercante, l’ospedale, i fanciulli. La donazione di Francesco Datini, Santa Maria Nuova e la fondazione degli Innocenti." Confraternitas 22, no. 1 (August 9, 2011): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/confrat.v22i1.15382.

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38

Cardon, Dominique. "Échantillons de draps de laine des Archives Datini (fin XIVe siècle, début XVe siècle). Analyses techniques, importance historique." Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome. Moyen-Age, Temps modernes 103, no. 1 (1991): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mefr.1991.3158.

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39

Bowles, Karissa, and Josh Brown. "ON THE TRANSFER OF LOANWORDS AND CODE-INTERMEDIATE PHENOMENA FROM ENGLISH TO ITALIAN, 1392-1401." Italiano LinguaDue 14, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 651–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2037-3597/19633.

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This article identifies and analyses a catalogue of English loanwords from Italian merchant texts; specifically commercial letters (1392-1401) sent to employees in the service of the ‘merchant of Prato’, Francesco Datini, and his company. Research on loanwords in late medieval London has already shown a significant degree of linguistic exchange between Italy and England. The corpus studied here consists of seventy-eight letters published by Nicolini (2020) which are subjected to a linguistic analysis for the first time in the paper. Within the corpus, twenty-five English loanwords were identified, revealing a far greater degree of lexical exchange than what has previously been recorded in the literature. However, there were occurrences of loanword transfer where the etyma or direction of transfer was unclear and therefore not easily identifiable. Italian morphological changes of English loanwords include but are not limited to: adjectival and noun case marking, gemination, deletion of double consonants, apocope, and phonological reduction. The results provide insight into the extent of language and cultural exchange between local English speakers and Italian merchant immigrants in the period immediately preceding the Renaissance. Sul trasferimento di prestiti e fenomeni di scambio linguistico dall’inglese all’italiano, 1392-1401 In questo articolo si identifica e analizza un catalogo di prestiti inglesi da testi commerciali italiani; in particolare, lettere commerciali (1392-1401) inviate ai lavoratori al servizio del “mercante di Prato”, Francesco Datini, e alla sua società. Gli studi sui prestiti nella Londra del tardo medioevo hanno già mostrato una presenza significativa di scambi linguistici tra l’Italia e l’Inghilterra. Il corpus qui analizzato consiste di 78 lettere pubblicate da Nicolini (2020) e che, per la prima volta, in questo studio, sono oggetto di analisi linguistica. Nel corpus, sono stati individuati 25 prestiti inglesi che testimoniano un livello di scambio lessicale superiore a quanto registrato dalla precedente letteratura. Tuttavia, ci sono casi in cui l’etimo o la direzione dello scambio è dubbia e di conseguenza non facilmente identificabile. I cambiamenti morfologici dell’italiano applicati ai prestiti inglesi includono, tra i vari, anche i seguenti: la flessione aggettivale e nominale, il raddoppiamento, lo scempiamento delle consonanti doppie, l’apocope e la riduzione fonologica. I risultati offrono una prospettiva sulle proporzioni degli scambi linguistici e culturali tra nativi inglesi e mercanti italiani immigrati nel periodo immediatamente precedente il Rinascimento.
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40

Nanni, Paolo, and Nanni Paolo. "Impresa pubblica e proprietà fondiaria. Il «Ceppo pe’ poveri di Cristo» di Francesco di Marco Datini (Prato, XV secolo)." a. LIV, n. 2. dicembre 2014, no. 2 (April 20, 2015): 93–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.35948/0557-1359/2015.1631.

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41

Евстюнин, В. А. "Tuscan merchants in Caffa at the end of the 14th century (based on the materials from Datini’s archive)." Proceedings in Archaeology and History of Ancient and Medieval Black Sea Region, no. 14 (September 23, 2022): 314–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53737/2713-2021.2022.88.33.015.

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В статье представлены результаты изучения эго-документов двух тосканских купцов — Россо ди Строцца дельи Строцци и Лапаччо ди Якопо, факторов Франческо Датини, действовавших в Кафе в конце XIV в. Предложена авторская транскрипция их писем, содержащая несколько уточнений к доступной для изучения публикации, а также перевод писем с тосканского «volgare» на русский язык. Целью исследования является получение новых данных об оценке тосканцами их коммерческих перспектив в Северном Причерноморье. Изучение писем торговых агентов Датини подтвердило складывание неблагоприятной для торговли ситуации в Северном Причерноморье в конце XIV в. под воздействием османской угрозы, вспышек чумы и военных походов Тимура (Тамерлана). Было обнаружено присущее факторам Датини стремление свернуть все дела в Кафе и вернуться в Тоскану, обусловленное, главным образом, повышением цен на зерно, которое было основным предметом их торговли. При помощи электронной СНСА архива Датини были реконструированы цепочки коммуникаций представителей тосканской компании, состоящие из ранее неопубликованных документов. Так, письмо Якопо из Кафы оказалось последним из написанных его рукой, а у Строцци обнаружились два письма, написанные им спустя четыре года после возвращения из Кафы. Обнаружение неопубликованных писем побуждает к новым исследованиям. The article presents the results of studying the ego-documents of two Tuscan merchants, Rosso di Strozza degli Strozzi and Lapaccio di Jacopo, who were the trade agents of Francesco Datini and acted in Caffa at the end of the 14thcentury. A new transliteration is given containing some amendments to the previous reading of Paola Massa, as well as a new Russian translation of Strozza’s and Jacopo’s letters originally written in Tuscan volgare. The aim of the study was to obtain new information about the assessment by Tuscan merchants of the prospects for trade in the Northern Black Sea region. In the 14thcentury, Tuscan companies sought access to new eastern markets and therefore sent their agents to the Northern Black Searegion. Our study of the published letters from the Datini archive reveals that a negative situation has formed back then in the Northern Black Sea trade caused by the Ottoman threat, plague, and Timur’s conquests. We found that the Datini’s factors sought to stop trading in Caffa and return to Tuscany due to the increase in the price of grain, which was the main subject of their trade. Using the search engine of the Datini’s archive, we reconstructed a business network of Datini’s trade agents from Caffa, consisting of previously unpublished documents. We found that Jacopo’s letter from Caffa is the last in his network, while Strozzi wrote two more letters after returning from Caffa. The discovery of his unpublished letters requires new research.
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42

Bailey, Elizabeth. "Francesco di Marco Datini: Tuscan "Man of Sorrows" and the Devotional Image during the Aftermath of the Black Death in the Late Trecento." Explorations in Renaissance Culture 36, no. 1 (December 2, 2010): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23526963-90000382.

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43

Ceccarelli, Giovanni. "Ingrid Houssaye Michienzi Datini, Majorque et le Maghreb (14e-15e siècles). Réseaux, espaces méditerranéens et stratégies marchandes Leyde/Boston, Brill, 2013, XXX-694 p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 69, no. 03 (September 2014): 814–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ahs.2014.0138.

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44

James, Carolyn. "The Merchant of Prato’s Wife: Margherita Datini and Her World, 1360–1423. Ann Crabb. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2015. 276 pp. $75." Renaissance Quarterly 68, no. 4 (2015): 1393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/685163.

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45

Otis-Cour, Leah. "Zwischen Notiz und Bilanz: Zur Eigendynamik des Schriftgebrauchs in der kaufmännischen Buchführung am Beispiel der Datini/di Berto-Handelsgesellschaft in Avignon (1367-1373). Franz-Josef Arlinghaus." Speculum 78, no. 1 (January 2003): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0038713400099012.

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46

Bazin, L., B. Lemieux-Dudon, A. Landais, M. Guillevic, P. Kindler, F. Parrenin, and P. Martinerie. "Optimisation of glaciological parameters for ice core chronology by implementing counted layers between identified depth levels." Climate of the Past Discussions 10, no. 4 (August 28, 2014): 3585–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-10-3585-2014.

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Abstract. A~recent coherent chronology has been built for 4 Antarctic ice cores and the NorthGRIP (NGRIP) Greenland ice core (Antarctic Ice Core Chronology 2012, AICC2012) using a bayesian approach for ice core dating (Datice). When building the AICC2012 chronology, and in order to prevent any confusion with official ice cores chronology, it has been imposed that the AICC2012 chronology for NGRIP should respect exactly the GICC05 chronology based on layer counting. However, such a strong tuning did not satisfy the hypothesis of independence of background parameters and observations for the NGRIP core as required by Datice. We present here the implementation in Datice of a new type of markers that is better suited to constraints deduced from layer counting: the markers of age-difference. Using this type of markers for NGRIP in a 5 cores dating exercise with Datice, we have performed several sensitivity tests and show that the new ice core chronologies obtained with these new markers do not differ by more than 400 years from AICC2012 for Antarctic ice cores and by more than 130 years from GICC05 for NGRIP over the last 60 000 years. With this new parameterization, the accumulation rate and lock-in depth associated with NGRIP are more coherent with independent estimates than those obtained in AICC2012. While these new chronologies should not be used yet as new ice core chronologies, the improved methodology presented here should be considered in the next coherent ice core dating exercise.
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47

Lemieux-Dudon, B., L. Bazin, A. Landais, H. Toyé Mahamadou Kele, M. Guillevic, P. Kindler, F. Parrenin, and P. Martinerie. "Implementation of counted layers for coherent ice core chronology." Climate of the Past 11, no. 6 (June 25, 2015): 959–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-959-2015.

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Abstract. A recent coherent chronology has been built for four Antarctic ice cores and the NorthGRIP (NGRIP) Greenland ice core (Antarctic Ice Core Chronology 2012, AICC2012) using a Bayesian approach for ice core dating (Datice). When building the AICC2012 chronology, and in order to prevent any confusion with official ice core chronology, the AICC2012 chronology for NGRIP was forced to fit exactly the GICC05 chronology based on layer counting. However, such a strong tuning did not satisfy the hypothesis of independence of background parameters and observations for the NGRIP core, as required by Datice. We present here the implementation in Datice of a new type of markers that is better suited for constraints deduced from layer counting: the duration constraints. Estimating the global error on chronology due to such markers is not straightforward and implies some assumption on the correlation between individual counting errors for each interval of duration. We validate this new methodological implementation by conducting twin experiments and a posteriori diagnostics on the NGRIP ice core. Several sensitivity tests on marker sampling and correlation between counting errors were performed to provide some guidelines when using such a method for future dating experiments. Finally, using these markers for NGRIP in a five-core dating exercise with Datice leads to new chronologies that do not differ by more than 410 years from AICC2012 for Antarctic ice cores and 150 years from GICC05 for NGRIP over the last 60 000 years.
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Parrenin, F. "IceChrono v1: a probabilistic model to compute a common and optimal chronology for several ice cores." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 7, no. 5 (October 14, 2014): 6811–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-6811-2014.

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Abstract. Polar ice cores provides exceptional archives of past environmental conditions. Dating ice and air bubbles/hydrates in ice cores is complicated since it involves different dating methods: modeling of the sedimentation process (accumulation of snow at surface, densification of snow into ice with air trapping and ice flow), use of dated horizons by comparison to other well dated targets (other dated paleo-archives or calculated variations of Earth's orbital parameters), use of dated depth intervals, use of Δdepth information (depth shift between synchronous events in the ice matrix and its air/hydrate content), use of stratigraphic links in between ice cores (ice-ice, air-air or mix ice-air links). Here I propose IceChrono v1, a new probabilistic model to combine these different kinds of chronological information to obtain a common and optimized chronology for several ice cores, as well as its confidence interval. It is based on the inversion of three quantities: the surface accumulation rate, the Lock-In Depth (LID) of air bubbles and the vertical thinning function. IceChrono is similar in scope to the Datice model, but has differences on the mathematical, numerical and programming point of views. I apply IceChrono on two dating experiments. The first one is similar to the AICC2012 experiment and I find similar results than Datice within a few centuries, which is a confirmation of both IceChrono and Datice codes. The second experiment involves only the Berkner ice core in Antarctica and I produce the first dating of this ice core. IceChrono v1 is freely available under the GPL v3 open source license.
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San Román, I., L. Bartolomé, M. L. Alonso, R. M. Alonso, and M. Ezcurra. "DATINK pilot study: An effective methodology for ballpoint pen ink dating in questioned documents." Analytica Chimica Acta 892 (September 2015): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2015.08.038.

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50

Parrenin, F., L. Bazin, E. Capron, A. Landais, B. Lemieux-Dudon, and V. Masson-Delmotte. "IceChrono1: a probabilistic model to compute a common and optimal chronology for several ice cores." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 5 (May 21, 2015): 1473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1473-2015.

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Abstract. Polar ice cores provide exceptional archives of past environmental conditions. The dating of ice cores and the estimation of the age-scale uncertainty are essential to interpret the climate and environmental records that they contain. It is, however, a complex problem which involves different methods. Here, we present IceChrono1, a new probabilistic model integrating various sources of chronological information to produce a common and optimized chronology for several ice cores, as well as its uncertainty. IceChrono1 is based on the inversion of three quantities: the surface accumulation rate, the lock-in depth (LID) of air bubbles and the thinning function. The chronological information integrated into the model are models of the sedimentation process (accumulation of snow, densification of snow into ice and air trapping, ice flow), ice- and air-dated horizons, ice and air depth intervals with known durations, Δdepth observations (depth shift between synchronous events recorded in the ice and in the air) and finally air and ice stratigraphic links in between ice cores. The optimization is formulated as a least squares problem, implying that all densities of probabilities are assumed to be Gaussian. It is numerically solved using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm and a numerical evaluation of the model's Jacobian. IceChrono follows an approach similar to that of the Datice model which was recently used to produce the AICC2012 (Antarctic ice core chronology) for four Antarctic ice cores and one Greenland ice core. IceChrono1 provides improvements and simplifications with respect to Datice from the mathematical, numerical and programming point of views. The capabilities of IceChrono1 are demonstrated on a case study similar to the AICC2012 dating experiment. We find results similar to those of Datice, within a few centuries, which is a confirmation of both IceChrono1 and Datice codes. We also test new functionalities with respect to the original version of Datice: observations as ice intervals with known durations, correlated observations, observations as air intervals with known durations and observations as mixed ice–air stratigraphic links. IceChrono1 is freely available under the General Public License v3 open source license.
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