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1
Bay, Christian, Fred J. A. Daniëls, and Geoffrey Halliday. "The Greenland vascular plant herbarium of the University of Copenhagen." Arctic Science 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2016-0039.
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By the establishment of the Greenland Botanical Survey in 1962 at the Botanical Museum, University of Copenhagen, an era of regular and systematic exploration of the vascular plant flora of Greenland was initiated and it ended in 1996, when funding ended. Preceding this period, the vascular plant flora was mainly known from the results of more sporadic botanical investigations mostly in low arctic West and East Greenland, but after the 1980s, investigations expanded to include the more inaccessible high arctic Northeast and North Greenland. Nowadays, vascular plant species have been collected from most regions of Greenland. So far, three regional phytogeographical studies of South, North, and West Greenland have been published, and at present, two papers dealing with the vascular plant flora of East Greenland are ready for publication. These studies will be the basis for a synopsis of the phytogeography of Greenland and a new edition of the Flora of Greenland. The published distribution maps from South, West, and North Greenland based on these collections have been digitized and used for modelling the regional vegetation and flora and its relation to past glaciations and current climate. The specimens from East Greenland have been entered into a database and will be available for future modelling projects.
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Tsorlini, Angeliki. "Documenting, organizing and demonstrating the cartographic wealth of a library, through an information system, to the public." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-370-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Historical maps consist an important source of information and a research tool for several researchers of various scientific fields, especially the humanities (Michev 2016), who are working on the geographic analysis of the environment. For them, the digital comparative analysis of historical and modern maps offers a variety of benefits. It expands the scope of their research, providing them the opportunity to study the geometric and thematic properties of the maps, or they use maps constructed on different periods to detect and determine changes in the physical environment, border changes, or changes on the toponyms (e.g. Boutoura & Livieratos, 1986, 2006; Livieratos, 2006; Tsorlini et al, 2010). This is really essential, especially when these changes are only apparent through maps and no other written source exists (Tsorlini et al, 2017).</p><p>Historical maps in different forms, independent or embedded in books, atlases or map series, are located in map collections mainly in libraries worldwide. These cartographic materials abroad are stored in specific departments in the libraries, where specialized personnel deals with them and is responsible for their management, preservation and demonstration to the public. This is not the case for our country, since many historical maps and other related cartographic material in libraries, remain almost unknown to researchers and generally to the public. Sometimes, there are difficulties even to detect historical maps in the library’s system, because they are documented and recorded following specific rules related mainly to traditional descriptive methods applied in book-keeping and book-archiving (Boutoura, 2014). As a consequence, there are important maps, who haven’t been studied or analysed until today and their important value has not been exploited yet in library’s environment.</p><p>One of the most important libraries in Greece and the second in size after the National Library, is the Library and Information Centre of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH Library). The cartographic material located in AUTH Library has not been documented and studied properly in all its size and the cartographic wealth has not been exploited in Library’s environment, until its cooperation with the Laboratory of Cartography and Geographical Analysis which was realized recently. In the frame of this cooperation, a research project was developed focusing on one of the AUTH Library’s collections, the very important Ioannis Tricoglou Library, with the aim to collect, document and organize the cartographic material found in this collection, in an information system, which will give the opportunity to researchers and to the general public to search for maps, independent or embedded in books, and to find relevant information for them through an easy and user-friendly digital environment. In this way, historical maps and other cartographic material located in Library’s collections will be demonstrated to researchers and the general public, presenting and promoting also the cartographic wealth of the library.</p><p>The main stages of this project are: a) the collection and documentation of the maps found in Ioannis Tricoglou Library, b)the proper transformation of these data to provide information through a database, c) the connection of the maps in thedatabase with other related textual and pictorial sources, in order to enrich the information provided for the maps not onlyfor researchers and students, but also for the library’s staff, simplifying in this way the searching procedure and finally(Tsorlini et al, 2018a), and finally, d) the development of a user-friendly digital environment, which will provide accessto historical maps and relevant cartographic material located in Ioannis Tricoglou Library. Emphasis on this project isgiven to the maps which were found inside the books, since they were not recorded and documented correctly, they werenot digitized in the proper way, thus it was impossible to detect them through the existing library’s system (Tsorlini et al,2018b).</p><p>In this paper, we will analyse shortly the main stages of the project and we will discuss the problems appeared during the whole procedure. Moreover, we will present its results, which can assist to the improvement of the library’s searching system and to the demonstration of the unknown cartographic wealth of the library to the academic community and general public.</p>
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Fuentes-Soriano, Sara, Lara Prihodko, Mitchell Manford, and Zachary Rogers. "Shining a New Light on Elmer Ottis Wooton’s Legacy Herbarium and Historical Archive: an Exercise to Increase Student Participation while Promoting Public Engagement." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25783.
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Elmer Ottis Wooton (1865–1945) was one of the most important early botanists to work in the Southwestern United States, contributing a great deal of natural history knowledge and botanical research on the flora of New Mexico that shaped many naturalists and scientists for generations. The extensive Wooton legacy includes herbarium collections that he and his famous student Paul Carpenter Standley (1884–1963), prolific botanist and explorer, used for the first Flora of New Mexico by Wooten and Standley 1915 , along with resources covering botany and range management strategies for the northern Chihuahuan Desert, and an extensive, yet to be digitized, historical archive of correspondence, field notes, vegetation sketches, photographs, and lantern slides, all from his travels and field work in the region. Starting in 1890, the most complete set of Wooton’s herbarium collections were deposited in the NMC herbarium at New Mexico State University (NMSU), and his archives, now stored in a Campus library, have together been underutilized, offline resources. The goals of this ongoing project are to secure, preserve, and promote Wooton’s important historical resources, by fleshing out the botanical history of the region, raising appreciation of herbarium collections within the community, and emphasizing their unique role in facilitating contemporary research aimed at addressing pressing scientific questions such as vegetation responses to global climate change. Students and the general public involved in this project are engaged through hands-on activities including cataloging, databasing and digitization of nearly 10,000 herbarium specimens and Wooton’s archives. These outputs, combined with contemporary data collection and computational biology techniques from an ecological perspective, are being used to document vegetation changes in iconic, climate-sensitive, high-elevation mountainous ecosystems present in southwestern New Mexico. In a later phase of the project, a variety of public audiences will participate through interactive online story maps and citizen science programs such as iNaturalist, Notes from Nature, and BioBlitz. Images of herbarium specimens will be shared via an online database and other relevant biodiversity portals (Symbiota, iDigBio, JStor) Community members reached through this project will be better-informed citizens, who may go on to become new stewards of natural history collections, with the potential to influence policies safeguarding the future of our planet’s biodiversity. More locally, the project will support the management of Organ Mountains Desert Peaks National Monument, which was established in 2014 to protect the area's human and environmental resources, and for which knowledge and data are currently limited.
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Ivanova, Natalya V., and Maxim P. Shashkov. "Biodiversity databases in Russia: towards a national portal." Arctic Science 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 560–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/as-2016-0050.
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Russia holds massive biodiversity data accumulated in botanical and zoological collections, literature publications, annual reports of natural reserves, nature conservation, and monitoring study project reports. While some data have been digitized and organized in databases or spreadsheets, most of the biodiversity data in Russia remain dormant and digitally inaccessible. Concepts of open access to research data is spreading, and the lack of data publishing tradition and of use of data standards remain prominent. A national biodiversity information system is lacking and most of the biodiversity data are not available or the available data are not consolidated. As a result, Russian biodiversity data remain fragmented and inaccessible for researchers. The majority of Russian biodiversity databases do not have web interfaces and are accessible only to a limited numbers of researchers. The main reason for lack of access to these resources relates to the fact that the databases have previously been developed only as a local resource. In addition, many sources have previously been developed in the desktop database environments mainly using MS Access and, in some cases, earlier DBMS for DOS, i.e., file-server system, which does not have the functionality to create access to records through a web interface. Among the databases with a web interface, a few information systems have interactive maps with the species occurrence data and systems allowing registered users to upload data. It is important to note that the conceptual structures of these databases were created without taking into account modern standards of the Darwin Core; furthermore, some data sources were developed prior to the first work version of the Darwin Core release in 2001. Despite the complexity and size of the biodiversity data landscape in Russia, the interest in publishing data through international biodiversity portals is increasing among Russian researchers. Since 2014, institutional data publishers in Russia have published about 140 000 species occurrences through gbif.org. The increase in data publishing activity calls for the creation of a GBIF node in Russia, aiming to support Russian biodiversity experts in international data work.
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Bauer, Kenneth M. "Common Property and Power: Insights from a Spatial Analysis of Historical and Contemporary Pasture Boundaries among Pastoralists in Central Tibet." Journal of Political Ecology 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2006): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v13i1.21676.
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Spatial analysis can bring out crucial issues in the political ecology of pastoral areas, with important implications for planning future development. This research combines textual analysis, participatory mapping, ethnography, and remote sensing data to study resource use and common property among pastoralists in Central Tibet. Specifically, this paper presents a case study of pasture boundaries over time in the Porong region (Nyelam County, Shigatse Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, PRC). Translation and analysis of an historical (1884) boundary survey from Porong yielded hundreds of toponyms, boundary markers, livestock corrals, and resource locations, which were catalogued and indexed in a geographical database. Toponyms and landscape features listed in the boundary survey were geo-referenced using a Geographic Positioning Systems (GPS) unit: fieldwork in Tibet resulted in the collection of over five hundred GPS points that marked historical and contemporary pasture boundaries. In addition, participatory maps of pastures were generated with local herders and subsequently digitized using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. These compiled GIS maps provide a time series of common property boundaries and illustrate how changes in Tibet’s governance (feudalism vs. socialism) and type of economy (e.g., collectivized vs. private household production) did or did not impact the distribution of resources among pastoralists. Analysis of vegetation resources available within historical and contemporary common property units provides compelling evidence that boundaries reflect the balance of power relations, resulting in unequal availability of rangeland resources. The case study adds to the literature on common property by reinserting the state’s central roles in defining boundaries, regulating resource use, and mediating resource conflicts.Key Words: participatory mapping, GIS, Central Tibet, common property resource management.
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Pirlo, Jeanette. "Broadening Participation in an Increasingly Digitized World." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (July 4, 2018): e25972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25972.
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Participation within digitized collections has shown boom, but diversity of participants has remained static. Traditionally, natural history collections were only utilized by researchers with access to the physical collections. With the advent of open source digitized specimens, whether through transcription of the original label onto an electronic database, sound bites, two-dimensional photographs, or three-dimensional volume files, natural history collections are now at nearly everyone’s fingertips. Although collections have been historically clustered in the northern hemisphere, preliminary data suggest that researchers from the southern hemisphere have started using collections more via online portals. Studies have shown that a more heterogeneous community leads to an increase in the quality of science and publications. iDigBio (Integrated Digitized Biocollections), the United States’ national resource for Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections (ADBC), is a National Science Foundation (NSF) funded initiative that makes millions of biological specimens, in the form of data and images, available electronically to the wider world. Our network of institutions across the world provide the digitized content that makes up our search portal. Minority serving institutions (MSIs) are an important resource for under served communities in the United States. They provide the educational and social skills required to overcome discrimination and economic disparities that these communities often face. Here, we focus on the types of institutions involved in uploading data, specifically those that identify as MSIs and the role they play in the field. After assessing MSI participation with the ADBC program by comparing databases of participants, I found that out of the nearly 400 individual institutions that contribute to the database, one-third of them identify as an MSI. The next step is further engaging contributing MSIs and identifying MSIs with natural history collections that are not a part of the iDigBio network and inviting them to join. By incorporating them into our network, we hope to reach underserved populations of students while broadening the scope of collections available. Including MSIs into our greater community of partners is not enough. We are striving to provide a greater understanding of how the iDigBio portal is used by new communities in the US with limited resources. In this way, we can provide educators with the tools necessary to better prepare their students for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers, as well as improving the collections available to the world.
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Terlević, Ana, and Ivana Rešetnik. "Inventory of the historical Dianthus sylvestris herbarium materials from Herbarium Croaticum and Herbarium Ivo and Marija Horvat." Glasnik Hrvatskog botaničkog društva 8, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46232/glashbod.8.1.2.
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In order to initiate a taxonomical revision of the Dianthus sylvestris group, an inventory of historical herbarium materials from ZA and ZAHO collections was conducted. Herbarium specimens of D. sylvestris group from these two herbaria were digitized and the data from the original herbarium labels were inserted in the Flora Croatica Database. A total of 344 herbarium sheets were digitized and six taxa (D. sylvestris Wulfen in Jacq. ssp. sylvestris, D. sylvestris ssp. tergestinus (Rchb.) Hayek, D. sylvestris ssp. longicaulis (Ten.) Greuter et Burdet, D. sylvestris ssp. nodosus (Tausch) Hayek, D. siculus C. Presl and D. arrosti C. Presl) were registered within studied collections. Inventory of herbarium sheets from ZA and ZAHO historical collections provided a significant insight into historical distributional data of D. sylvestris taxa related to the area of the Balkan Peninsula, which is a prerequisite for accurate taxonomic/ geographic sampling for further morphological and molecular analyses.
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Michel, Peter, Linda Newman, Katherine Rankin, Vicki Toy-Smith, and Glee Willis. "From Drawer to Digital: A Statewide Collaboration for Building Digital Historic Map Collections." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 52 (September 1, 2005): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp52.380.
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Nowadays, when you tell someone you recently visited a map library, it’s hard for them to discern whether you mean virtually or in person. The two comprehensive public universities in Nevada are building complementary digital collections of historic maps of interest to the region to enable virtual map library visits. This article briefly describes the two university library map collections, discusses the criteria that were used to select maps to be digitized, provides insight into some of the scanning issues and how they were resolved, discusses technical considerations in using CONTENTdm®, and talks about metadata issues in the collaborative effort. The conclusion provides insight into what has been learned and why the project is important as a foundation for the future.
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Hosseini, Kasra, Katherine McDonough, Daniel van Strien, Olivia Vane, and Daniel C. S. Wilson. "Maps of a Nation? The Digitized Ordnance Survey for New Historical Research." Journal of Victorian Culture 26, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 284–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jvcult/vcab009.
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Abstract Although the Ordnance Survey has itself been the subject of historical research, scholars have not systematically used its maps as primary sources of information. This is partly for disciplinary reasons and partly for the technical reason that high-quality maps have not until recently been available digitally, geo-referenced, and in color. A final, and crucial, addition has been the creation of item-level metadata which allows map collections to become corpora which can for the first time be interrogated en masse as source material. By applying new Computer Vision methods leveraging machine learning, we outline a research pipeline for working with thousands (rather than a handful) of maps at once, which enables new forms of historical inquiry based on spatial analysis. Our ‘patchwork method’ draws on the longstanding desire to adopt an overall or ‘complete’ view of a territory, and in so doing highlights certain parallels between the situation faced by today’s users of digitized maps, and a similar inflexion point faced by their predecessors in the nineteenth century, as the project to map the nation approached a form of completion.
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Byrd, Christina. "Bringing Sternberg Museum Fossils into the 21st Century." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25931.
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The Sternberg Museum of Natural History (FHSM) has a rich paleontology history extending back to the late 1800s and early 1900s. From the 1902 to 1992, the museum was housed on the Fort Hays State University campus. FHSM outgrew the campus capacity and moved to a new location that afforded the museum significant space for collections and exhibits. Just as the museum had to change locations with its growing collections, so too must the means of care for the collections change and be updated. In order to improve the state of the paleontology collections and make them more accessible, the FHSM’s Chief Curator pursued grants to achieve these goals. Two grants later, FHSM is well on its way to a digitized paleontology collection. One National Science Foundation (NSF) grant focuses on basic collections improvement: transcription of hand-written records, cataloging the specimen backlog, and imaging specimens. One of the most important updates is the addition of the relational database, CollectiveAccess. This database enables FHSM to have a public-facing, searchable database that can show not only specimen data but also images and 3D scans of fossils. The second grant is an NSF funded Integrated Digitized Biocollection (iDigBio) collaborative research project. This grant focuses on fossils collected from the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway fossils. The digitization goals of the collections improvement grant work synergistically with the iDigBio grant. When preparing to start work on these two projects, workflows and how-to guides were developed to fit the needs of both grants. This synergy increased efficiency for training student workers and aided quality control. In regards to the new relational database, many considerations had to be made: what is the nature of the data, with whom are we sharing data, what are the data standards, what controls need to be in place to increase ease of use. Digitization of the collection started with transcription of hand-written records into a spreadsheet. The data from those record books and ledgers was cross referenced with the specimen cards to check for accuracy. Between the two grants, FHSM has two photography stations, four undergraduate students, and two graduate students. This small army of students, along with the Collections Manager, have succeeded in digitizing the invertebrate paleontology collection and have made significant progress on the vertebrate collection. Once the database is finalized, the images produced by these students will be uploaded and shared with aggregators such as iDigBio and accessible via the FHSM website.
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Thomson, J. W., and A. P. R. Cooper. "The SCAR Antarctic digital topographic database." Antarctic Science 5, no. 3 (September 1993): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410209300032x.
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The Antarctic digital topographic database is the outcome of a truly international collaborative project between 11 nations. Data capture was co-ordinated in the UK, under the auspices of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), during a two-year period. Over 200 maps, at scales ranging from 1:200 000 to 1:5 000 000, were digitized for the project and reference was made to a similar number of satellite images (mostly Landsat photographic products). Editing and harmonization of the data derived from the different sources has produced a seamless map of Antarctica which has the most up-to-date coastline now available. The topographic database created, to be published on one CD-ROM, will form the foundation for future GIS needs in Antarctic research. Products already derived from the database include digital elevation models and customized maps; the latter can be reproduced by research groups to meet their own mapping needs.
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Goldfarb, Doron, and Dieter Merkl. "Data-Driven Maps of Art History." International Journal of Art, Culture and Design Technologies 8, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijacdt.2019010101.
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Many approaches to explain conceptions of developments in the arts to both peers and a more general audience included diagrams representing networks of related entities such as genealogies of important historical actors or styles. While such visualizations were traditionally created by hand, the recent emergence of extensive digital repositories of art history information enable new means of presentation. This work seeks to explore the potential of openly available data sources to create bottom-up, data driven versions of such network maps of art history. It highlights commonalities and differences between views derived from institutional and crowd-sourced data repositories and compares them with identified historical examples. The results suggest that the available data can be used to create largescale views on specific developments in art history, potentially serving as aid for navigating vast online collections of digitized artworks but also as means of reflection on the origin of the data sources themselves.
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Uddin, MA, KS Rahman, MM Rahman, N. Mohammad, and AFM Tariqul Islam. "Development of union level digital databases and maps of maize growing areas at pirgonj in Thakurgaon District." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 40, no. 4 (March 2, 2016): 693–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v40i4.26943.
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A study was conducted during 2012-13 to build union level digital databases and maps of maize growing areas using both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from maize growing areas of the upazilla namely Pirgonj of Thakurgaon district. For summer and winter maize; union, upazila, district and country level digitized maps were used in the study. Geographical Information System (GIS), Global Positioning System (GPS) and Management Information System (MIS) related Information Technology (IT) were also applied. Total cultivable land 28138 ha in Pirgonj upazila and area and production of maize were 5100 ha and 34508.75 t respectively. Sixteen (16) varieties were cultivated in the study areas and maximum area (74.09%) of maize was cultivated by the executive varieties NK40, Pacific 984, 900M Gold, 900M, 3396, and Supergold. Average maize yield of the study areas was 6.77 t/ha during 2012-13. A web site was developed for variety wise area coverage data collection of maize as well as for other crops. This web site can also be used in mobile phone.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 693-702, December 2015
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Vavilova, I. B., Ya S. Yatskiv, L. K. Pakuliak, I. L. Andronov, V. M. Andruk, Yu I. Protsyuk, V. E. Savanevych, D. O. Savchenko, and V. S. Savchenko. "UkrVO Astroinformatics Software and Web-services." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 12, S325 (October 2016): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921317001661.
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AbstractThe aim of this paper is to introduce the software and astronomical web-services developed in frame of the Ukraine Virtual Observatory (UkrVO) and VIrtual Roentgen and Gamma Observatory (VIRGO) to the broad astronomical community. We report briefly on such web-services as the public databases “Sky Maps” of X-ray observations by XMM-Newton, the Earth Orbital Parameters for International Earth Rotation System, and the UkrVO Joint Digitized Archive of astroplates. We refer to such software as the “Multi-Column View”, “Variable Stars Calculator”, “FrameSmooth” for variable star’s research and “Collection Light Technology” (CoLiTec) software for search and discovery of new Solar System bodies.
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Rešetnik, Ivana, Iva Betević Dadić, and Marina Babić. "The genus Aurinia Desv. (Brassicaceae) in ZA and ZAHO herbaria." Glasnik Hrvatskog botaničkog društva 8, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.46232/glashbod.8.1.1.
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This paper presents the collection of the genus Aurinia Desv. species in ZA and ZAHO herbaria. The revision and the analyses of the material are presented. Herbarium specimens from these two herbaria were digitized and the data from the original herbarium labels were inserted in the Flora Croatica Database. A total of 203 herbarium sheets were digitized and nine taxa (A. corymbosa Griesb., A. leucadea (Guss.) K. Koch ssp. leucadea, A. leucadea (Guss.) K. Koch ssp. media (Host) Plazibat, A. petraea (Ard.) Schur, A. petraea (Ard.) Schur ssp. microcarpa (Vis.) Plazibat, A. saxatilis (L.) Desv., A. saxatilis (L.) Desv. ssp. orientalis (Ard.) T. R. Dudley, A. saxatilis (L.) Desv. ssp. saxatilis, A. sinuata (L.) Griseb.) were registered within studied collections. The specimens originate from 16 European countries and the majority of herbarium sheets were collected in Croatia. The majority of specimens were collected between 1900s and 1950s. The comparison between the recorded distribution data in the Flora Croatica Database and the distribution based on herbarium specimens is made and the herbarium specimens generally well represent the distribution range of studied taxa.
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Sabev, Negoslav, Galina Bogdanova, and Pavel Hristov. "INTERACTIVE SYSTEM FOR DIGITAL PRESENTATION OF CULTURAL ROUTES AND SPECIALIZED COLLECTIONS." CBU International Conference Proceedings 7 (September 30, 2019): 996–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v7.1490.
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: This article discusses issues related to the design of interactive applications which aim to demonstrate human interaction with computer systems in areas including creative industries, cultural tourism and education. Investigations related to the digitization of special collections of cultural property in the Veliko Turnovo region are going to be presented. Various processes are described for the documentation and digitization of specialized archives. Ways and methods are discussed for generation and digital presentation of thematic collections and routes of cultural history in the Veliko Turnovo region. A specific module with interactive digital resource maps is created which are stored in North+ Digital Center repositories. It presents a model for creating an interactive system in need for visually impaired people. This model also ensures the usability of the interactive system for people with disabilities. Digitized objects in archives, thematic cultural routes and collections can be used for educational purposes in studying the cultural heritage of the North+ region.
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Uddin, MA, KS Rahman, MM Rahman, N. Mohammad, and S. Nasrin. "Development of mouza level databases of potato in Munshigong, Bogra & Rangpur district." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 41, no. 2 (June 16, 2016): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v41i2.28237.
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A study was conducted to build the mouza and union level databases of potato during 2011-12 using both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from potato growers of unions of three upazilas, namely Vober Char, (Gazaria, Munshigonj), Atmul, (Shibganj, Bogra) and Mittipur (Pirganj, Rangpur), respectively. Mouza, union, upazila and district level digitized maps of Bangladesh were used in the program. GIS, GPS, MIS, Modem and mobile phone technologies were used. Databases of different parameters such as area, production, yield, and varietal information etc. of potato were obtained. Mouza have been used as the smallest unit of land use management for agriculture because it has administrative boundary and social identity. Average yield of potato was 17.45 t/ha in the study areas during 2011-12. Out of total potato areas 69.06% was cultivated by HYVs and the rest 30.94% by local varieties. Out of 46 HYVs released by BARI, 11 varieties were cultivated in the study areas during the same period. Databases and maps developed by data collection from root level (Farmers field, mouza, block and union etc.) may help to identify variety wise area coverage of potato.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(2): 353-364, June 2016
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Sapkota, Ram Kumar, and Ganesh Prasad Bhatta. "Technical Aspects of Digitization of Cadastral Maps." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 13 (March 13, 2017): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v13i0.16936.
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Mankinds of the 21st century are seeking for qualitative matters. They can't be satisfied only with the normal service; they expect value added service i.e. qualitative service. To cope the customer's satisfaction, almost all sectors are enhancing their performance and service delivery system using the information technology. Digitization of cadastral map is very essential for providing effective, reliable and qualitative cadastral services. Having the digitized cadastral maps and GIS database we can have a lot of advantages related to storage, management, retrieval, analysis, dissemination, update as well as IT enabled effective and reliable cadastral service delivery. In the present context of being scarcity of conventional instruments, ammonia paper and other accessories, it is crucial to enroll into this process and modernize land information in order to run with time, technology and international community.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics -13, 2014, Page: 42-50
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Salković, E., I. Djurović, M. Knežević, V. Popović-Bugarin, and A. Topalović. "Digitization and mapping of national legacy soil data of Montenegro." Soil and Water Research 13, No. 2 (April 13, 2018): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/81/2017-swr.
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This paper describes the process of digitizing Montenegro’s legacy soil data, and an initial attempt to use it for digital soil mapping (DSM) purposes. The handwritten legacy numerical records of physical and chemical properties for more than 10 000 soil profiles and semi-profiles covering whole Montenegro have been digitized, and, out of those, more than 3000 have been georeferenced. Problems and challenges of digitization addressed in the paper are: processing of non-uniform handwritten numerical records, parsing a complex textual representation of those records, georeferencing the records using digitized (scanned) legacy soil maps, creating a single computer database containing all digitized records, transforming, cleaning and validating the data. For an initial assessment of the suitability of these data for mapping purposes, inverse distance weighting (IDW), ordinary kriging (OK), multiple linear regression (LR), and regression-kriging (RK) interpolation models were applied to create thematic maps of soil phosphorus. The area chosen for mapping is a 400 km<sup>2</sup> area near the city of Cetinje, containing 125 data points. LR and RK models were developed using publicly available digital elevation model (DEM) data and satellite global land survey (GLS) data as predictor variables. The digitized phosphorus quantities were normalized and scaled. The predictor variables were scaled, and principal component analysis was performed. For the best performing RK model an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.23 was obtained.
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BOUDON, FRÉDÉRIC, CHRISTOPHE GODIN, CHRISTOPHE PRADAL, OLIVIER PUECH, and HERVÉ SINOQUET. "ESTIMATING THE FRACTAL DIMENSION OF PLANTS USING THE TWO-SURFACE METHOD: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON 3D-DIGITIZED TREE FOLIAGE." Fractals 14, no. 03 (September 2006): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x06003179.
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In this paper, we present a method to estimate the fractal dimension of plant foliage in three dimensions (3D). This method is derived from the two-surface method introduced in the 90s to estimate the fractal dimension of tree species from field measurements on collections of trees. Here we adapted the method to individual plants. The multiscale topology and geometry of the plant must first be digitized in 3D. Then leafy branching systems of different sizes are constructed from the plant database, using the topological information. 3D convex envelops are then computed for each leafy branching system. The fractal dimension of the plant is finally estimated by comparing the total leaf area and the convex envelop area of these leafy modules. The method was assessed on a set of four peach trees entirely digitized at shoot scale. Results show that the peach trees have a marked self-similar foliage with fractal dimension close to 2.4.
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Rinaldo, Constance, Linda Ford, and Joseph deVeer. "Museum, Library and Archives Partnership: Leveraging Digitized Data from Historical Sources." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25920.
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The Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University (MCZ), founded in 1859, has approximately 20 million extant and fossil invertebrate and vertebrate specimens. These historical collections continue to be a focus of research and teaching for the MCZ, Harvard and outside researchers. The Ernst Mayr Library/Archives (EMLA) of the MCZ is a founding member of the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), an international consortium with a mission to make biodiversity literature openly available for use. Meeting the needs of the MCZ is a priority for EML Museum/library and achives collaboration One collaborative Museum/Library project was the digitization of approximately 81,000 MCZ specimen ledger pages/cards associated with various collections. These historical items, once digitized and deposited in the Harvard Digital Repository Service (DRS), were linked to the relevant specimen records in MCZbase, the museum-wide database. Over 1.2 million specimen records are now linked with digitized sources which benefit all users by adding to the provenance of the specimen data and allowing direct referral to the primary collection source. The EMLA holds an extensive collection of field notes, letters and manuscripts of researchers associated with the MCZ. Collector records are a gold mine of unpublished observations, notes, sketches, specimen lists and narratives. They are primary source data at its most personal, and may be the only documentation of a scientist’s thought processes and observations, particularly for unpublished materials. William Brewster was a prominent late 19th, early 20th century naturalist associated with the MCZ Ornithology Department until his death in 1919. Brewster provided authoritative and novel additions to the knowledge of birds, and his detailed, long-term observations are the key to his published contributions. Brewster’s unpublished scientific legacy is being digitized and deposited in the Harvard DRS and BHL by the EMLA. Transcribed notebook pages will be attached to images in BHL thus improving data discovery. Brewster deposited over 45,000 specimens in the MCZ Ornithology Collection. Combining specimens and unpublished notes is an opportunity to link hidden data and enhance research capabilities. Next steps for this collaborative project include finely grained cross-linking of specific pages, correspondence and photographs to and from the MCZ’s specimen database and BHL. We show how MCZ has leveraged data in digital repositories to enhance and directly relate to MCZbase, with citations to notes, transcriptions and published literature. These collaborations enhance discoverability of hidden data while promoting cross-discipline research to interrelated historical sources.
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Zhang, Xiafen, and Vijayan Sugumaran. "Content Based Search Engine for Historical Calligraphy Images." International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 10, no. 3 (July 2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiit.2014070101.
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Paper collections of historical calligraphy objects in Libraries and museums are scanned into document images to serve the academic society. However, these digitized collections are in image format, lacking the technology to search by image content. This paper proposes a search engine for searching calligraphy image content. First, 2503 page images are segmented into characters and components. Second, characters are interactively labeled and features are extracted to build a calligraphy database. When an image search query is submitted, coarse features are first extracted and used to prune the long list of calligraphy characters into a shorter list. Then fine shape features are employed to determine the most similar characters. iDistance and NB-Tree are used to create the high dimensional index. The efficiency of the algorithm has been demonstrated through experiments with 110,737 individual calligraphic character images. This research provides a demonstration of the potential use of calligraphy content search on the web.
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Sisák, I., and A. Benő. "Probability-based harmonization of digital maps to produce conceptual soil maps." Agrokémia és Talajtan 63, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.63.2014.1.10.
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Three centrally edited nationwide soil maps were published in Hungary between 1953 and 1988. Each of these soil maps has advantages, but serious drawbacks as well. Authors’ hypothesis was that the drawbacks of the individual soil maps are correctable with the help of other soil maps and with ancillary data. Therefore, the oldest soil map was digitized and a study was conducted for the harmonization of data on a 266 km2 area at Keszthely (near Lake Balaton) by using the CHAID classification tree method. CORINE land cover database, digital map of surface geology, digital elevation model and derived slope categories were used as ancillary data.The seven source maps contained 7–38 categories. After the intersection of all seven maps, the resulting file contained more than 50,000 polygons and nearly 14,000 category combinations. A variable — showing the probability of the category combinations in relation to the expected areas — was calculated. This was the target variable for classification by the CHAID method, using categories of the seven original maps as independent variables.0.5% of the total area was grouped into 13 less probable classes, which represent the inaccuracies of the initial maps. 99.5% of the total area was classified into 19 classes and some of them were further subdivided on the basis of the geological map. These classes were interpreted as eight WRB soil categories. The final soil map had much better spatial resolution than any of the initial soil maps, non-soil categories were interpreted as soil categories and spatial accuracy was successfully corrected with the proposed method.
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MENDES JÚNIOR, CLÁUDIO WILSON, and RICARDO NORBERTO AYUP-ZOUAIN. "Expansão da Ocupação Urbana de Gramado: Estudo de Caso da Aplicação de Fotografias Aéreas de Pequeno Formato e SIG." Pesquisas em Geociências 31, no. 2 (December 31, 2004): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.19570.
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Small format vertical aerial photographs were obtained from non metric cameras on small size airplanes, in 1999, and aimed to update a set of six digital cadastral maps from 1984, in the scale of 1:5,000, covering the urban area of Gramado county, located at the northeast region of the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The photographs were digitized, stored and georeferenced in a Geographic Information System. Afterwards, the perimeters of the new buildings and the boundaries of the urban area districts were digitized on the digital cadastral maps. The updated data of the cadastral maps were elaborated with the purpose to generate thematic analysis and can´t be used for the accurated measure of the mapped buildings. The poligons of the buildings were topologicaly structured by application of GIS, allowing the automatic generation of a centroid to each mapped building. The database query allowed the evaluation of the total number and the localization of the centroids of the buildings, for both date studied. The recorded data were represented by thematic maps of urban occupation expantion, in the scale of 1:25,000. Based on the data obtained, a 164.6 % increase of the total number of buildings was observed, as well as the occupation expantion towards the SE region of the urban area, caused by the major growth of the secundary sector and the major number of new developments in the meridional urban area, that occurred during the past 15 years. Through the interpretation of geographical data, recommendations were proposed for the urban planning of Gramado county.
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Crawford, Cody, Cindy Opitz, and Trina Roberts. "Revitalization of the University of Iowa's Bird Egg Collection after 100 Years of Dormancy." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26529.
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The University of Iowa Museum of Natural History's egg collection spans many avian orders, 6 continents, and over 160 years. However, this collection of approximately 17,000 egg specimens has remained disorganized and underutilized for most of its history. Only in 2017 did the museum begin taking significant steps toward organizing the eggs, cataloging them, and making them and their data available for researchers. Like many museum egg collections, ours is composed mostly of donated private collections originally collected, purchased, or traded between 1870 and 1910, and with variable amounts of data associated with individual specimens. Since the time the eggs were collected, most of them have been separated from the cards on which collectors stored their data. Much of the current project revolves around reuniting eggs and data cards. We have scanned over 2,000 egg cards, crowdsourced transcriptions of the handwriting, verified the accuracy of each transcription, and added the scans and transcriptions to our database for easy access by museum staff and volunteers. We are using the egg cards, any data written on the eggs, and many books and websites to match eggs with egg cards and integrate the data into our database. The eggs are then placed in new cabinets and relabelled with newly generated database information. Each egg set will be photographed and georeferenced if possible, using the GEOLocate web application. At the end of this project, these specimen records will be integrated into biodiversity repositories such as GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), Integrated Digitized Biocollections (iDigBio), and VertNet, so they can be downloaded and used by researchers globally, as our bird, mammal and insect collections already are. Most of the work is carried out by a team of volunteers and interns, usually undergraduate students, without whom this project would not be possible at its current pace.
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Cornish, Alan. "Using a Native XML Database for Encoded Archival Description Search and Retrieval." Information Technology and Libraries 23, no. 4 (September 17, 2017): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v23i4.9662.
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This article is an attempt to develop Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology into an analytical tool for examining the relationships between the height of the bookshelves and the behavior of library readers in utilizing books within a library. The tool would contain a database to store book-use information and some GIS maps to represent bookshelves. Upon analyzing the data stored in the database, different frequencies of book use across bookshelf layers are displayed on the maps. The tool would provide a wonderful means of visualization through which analysts can quickly realize the spatial distribution of books used in a library. This article reveals that readers tend to pull books out of the bookshelf layers that are easily reachable by human eyes and hands, and thus opens some issues for librarians to reconsider the management of library collections.
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Otieno, Nickson E., Kenneth Njoroge, Bernard Agwanda, Mary Gikungu, and John Mauremooto. "Mobilizing digitized museum specimen records to highlight important animal pollinators in East Africa." Collection Forum 28, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2014): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14351/0831-0005-28.1.21.
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Abstract There is an increasing global demand for existing natural history information for use in education, conservation, and policy formulation. Museum specimen collection records, being voluminous, are particularly significant in addressing such demands. This is even more critical in developing countries where daily human life is intimately linked to the environment. We demonstrate how existing museum specimen collection records were mobilized to highlight important animal pollinators in three East African countries. The bulk of the records were obtained from a Specify database of existing zoological collections held at the National Museums of Kenya, and the rest were from such alternative sources as published material, discussions with pollination experts, and online taxonomic portals and other tools. Identified to genus or species level, pollinator-ranking criteria encompassed region-wide distribution, number of plants pollinated, importance index of plants pollinated, and plant dependency on pollination. Overall, insects, especially Apis mellifera, were the most important pollinators in the region, pollinating the largest number of plants of diverse domestic, socioeconomic, and ecological significance. The results underscore potential use of specimen record-based informatics to guide agricultural and economic policy in East Africa.
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Durante, Kimberly, and Emily Prince. "Visualizing and Linking Cartographic Resources across Discovery Environments." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-69-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This presentation will highlight Stanford University Libraries’ development of institutional best practices for identifying relationships among cartographic resources stored within the university’s digital preservation repository and made available to end users from contextualized discovery catalogs: SearchWorks and EarthWorks. The use of map interfaces as a tool for searching and retrieving of geographic information has greatly influenced the design of structural metadata and the related management of elegant workflows for supporting consistent procedures, both amongst the cartographic metadata librarians, as well as across greater Stanford Library policies.</p><p> As collections of maps, atlases, and geospatial imagery are increasingly being digitized and georeferenced for use in a number of research contexts and purposes, new digital data are produced and made available through spatial data infrastructures, geoportals, and programmatic APIs. Our goal is to preserve the lineage that exists between primary source materials - such as centuries-old maps - and their derivative or versioned datasets, and to make this track both transparent and easily actionable for end users who are evaluating materials found through search engines or contextualized discovery platforms. The goal is to provide users with easily navigable links between the source materials and all subsequent versions.</p><p> Our work relies on the use of structured metadata to define relationship types that commonly exist between cartographic materials old and new, and includes the use of persistent links that direct users to both source materials, as well as to georectified imagery, or shapefile index maps that are based upon those source materials. Using examples of Japanese maps of Tokyo, from several of Stanford’s rare and historic cartographic collections (housed at the East Asia Library, David Rumsey Map Center, and Branner Earth Sciences Library), we will present a standardized list of relationships which are prevalent among cartographic data collections and we will demonstrate how we have designed and leveraged metadata in these cases in order to facilitate the user’s intuitive discovery, reuse, and citation of related map content.</p>
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Brown, Anne V., Shawn I. Conners, Wei Huang, Andrew P. Wilkey, David Grant, Nathan T. Weeks, Steven B. Cannon, Michelle A. Graham, and Rex T. Nelson. "A new decade and new data at SoyBase, the USDA-ARS soybean genetics and genomics database." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. D1 (December 2, 2020): D1496—D1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa1107.
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Abstract SoyBase, a USDA genetic and genomics database, holds professionally curated soybean genetic and genomic data, which is integrated and made accessible to researchers and breeders. The site holds several reference genome assemblies, as well as genetic maps, thousands of mapped traits, expression and epigenetic data, pedigree information, and extensive variant and genotyping data sets. SoyBase displays include genetic, genomic, and epigenetic maps of the soybean genome. Gene expression data is presented in the genome viewer as heat maps and pictorial and tabular displays in gene report pages. Millions of sequence variants have been added, representing variations across various collections of cultivars. This variant data is explorable using new interactive tools to visualize the distribution of those variants across the genome, between selected accessions. SoyBase holds several reference-quality soybean genome assemblies, accessible via various query tools and browsers, including a new visualization system for exploring the soybean pan-genome. SoyBase also serves as a nexus of announcements pertinent to the greater soybean research community. The database also includes a soybean-specific anatomic and biochemical trait ontology. The database can be accessed at https://soybase.org.
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Krejci, Jiri, and Jiri Cajthaml. "Transformation of the Vltava Historical Riverine Landscape within the Modern Times." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-189-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Vltava River and its surroundings had many different faces and functions in the past centuries. The Vltava is the longest river running through the heart of Bohemia, probably the most famous and popular river in the Czech Republic, one of the national symbols, important trade and transport route in the past, river with beautiful landscape favourite by poets, travellers, and tourists, place where the biggest dam reservoir system in the Czech Republic was built, popular recreational area in the present and many more. Therefore, many different documents are dealing with the Vltava River and its riverine landscape.</p><p> The main objective of the project supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic is to create comprehensive information system about the Vltava River aggregating and incorporating various historical and modern documents and data. This system will allow maintaining and documenting a wealth of information about the history of the Vltava River, including immovable and movable cultural heritage using new technologies. The project is focused on the upper three quarters of the Vltava River from its springs to confluence with the Berounka River close to Prague in the period from mid 18th century up to the present day. Riverine landscape along the Vltava underwent an intensive transformation in many aspects. Firstly, the cultural landscape with mostly minor settlement combined with appreciated but even feared wild natural narrow valleys has changed intensively along with a construction of the dam cascade especially in the middle part of the river in the second half of the 20th century. Small but widespread settlements, transport function of the river and wild nature were replaced by dams producing electric energy and retaining extensive water reservoirs providing water supply and protection from frequent inundations and last but not least being very popular for recreation. Unfortunately, many houses, water mills, chapels, churches, picturesque natural places, etc. have been flooded. The former face of the Vltava riverine landscape is preserved only in various archival documents and their online presentation is the main project goal.</p><p> There are large volumes of miscellaneous historical and modern data sources dealing with the Vltava river which are being used in the project. Extensive research of various public and institutional archives is currently still being carried out. Some resources such as old photographs and postcards are found also in private collections. First of all, there are various works from old cadastral maps, old river maps with cross sections, longitudinal profiles of the river, old site plans and interesting building plans, State Derived Map and aerial photographs from 1950s, site and constructional plans of dams to the up to date cadastral map, orthophotos and DTM. The Imperial Imprints of the Stable Cadastre (scale 1&thinsp;:&thinsp;2&thinsp;880) from the years 1826–1843 rank among the most valuable and very useful. Due to their geometric precision and visual attractiveness, these maps are suitable for vectorization, and form an excellent base layer for the web mapping application and 3D visualization. Another very important map is the State Derived Map (scale 1&thinsp;:&thinsp;5&thinsp;000; its first issue) from the early 1950s containing planimetry as well as altimetry. It shows situation of area just before the dam reservoirs cascade construction was started hence it allows reconstruction of former Vltava valley. Maps and plans are complemented by old photographs, postcards, iconography and also text sources.</p><p> All data sources described above have to be carefully processed before their incorporation into the information system and subsequent 2D- or 3D- applications could be designed. Speaking in particular about maps and plans, they have to be digitised, georeferenced and selected map content is vectorised. The majority of data sources are obtained in the analogue paper form, thereby a high resolution scanning has to be done to acquire digital copies of requested maps and plans. Then the scanned data is georeferenced employing suitable global or local transformations depending on the type of map. Carefully selected map content is vectorised and the database of significant features (buildings or objects of cultural, social, production and water management importance) with important attributes is being filled up. Every feature has its location, at least approximately if precise position is unknown. Also the old photographs and postcards are geolocated to be incorporated into the information system.</p><p> 2D web mapping application (Figure 1) has been created based on processed data and it is being updated. It presents and compares various layers (georeferenced maps and plans, vectorised data model, objects of interest, etc.). The application allows overlaying of various raster and vector layers from different times using the swipe tool. Objects of interest and photographs are represented by points, where each point leads to a popup with more information.</p><p> Online 3D visualisation is effective and popular way of geographical data presentation thus besides the 2D also 3D application may bring a new perspective to former Vltava landscape. The Vltava River valley, often narrow and deep, is perfect for the 3D presentation, especially if it is completed by other objects or phenomena (e.g. extinct settlements, important buildings, historical or potential floods). Precise 3D modelling of important structures in CAD software is a common but time-consuming process. Therefore, it is not possible to model the whole extinct settlements in 3D and thus procedural modelling is applied instead. It allows to visualise a simplified reconstructive model of flooded villages in the entire area of interest even in various periods of time.</p><p> The mission of the project is, in particular, to document information on the changes of the Vltava riverine landscape within the last three centuries in the context of various events, as well as to make it subsequently available to the general public. Thus, it might act as a transfer of historical science into education through modern cartographic methods. The project itself is actually in its first phase and the activities proceed continuously.</p>
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Xia, Jingfeng. "Using GIS to Measure In-Library Book-Use Behavior." Information Technology and Libraries 23, no. 4 (September 17, 2017): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v23i4.9663.
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This article is an attempt to develop Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techology into an analytical tool for examining the relationships between the height of the bookshelves and the behavior of library readers in utilizing books within a library. The tool would contain a database to store book-use information and some GIS maps to represent bookshelves. Upon analyzing the data stored in the database, different frequencies of book use across bookshelf layers are displayed on the maps. The tool would provide a wonderful means of visualization through which analysts can quickly realize the spatial distribution of books used in a library. This article reveals that readers tend to pull books out of the bookshelf layers that are easily reachable by human eyes and hands, and thus opens some issues for librarians to reconsider the management of library collections.
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Hamad, Salah. "Updating Topographic Maps at Scale 1:250000 for Libyan Territory Using Quantum GIS (QGIS) and Open Geospatial Data: Libya Topo-Project." Journal of Geographical Studies 4, no. 1 (September 13, 2020): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj5.20040103.
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From the beginning of the twentieth century, topographic maps for the Libyan state carried out by various compilers, where the first mapping was carried out by the Italian Military Geographical Institute, the Soviet Union Military, and the U.S. Army, followed by mapping carried out by the Libyan state from the 1950s to the 2000s. Most of these maps have not been digitized and updated using the techniques of geographic information systems and remote sensing. This paper discusses on the objectives, methodology and results of the Libya Topography Project, “Libya Topo” for updating the previously compiled topographical map at scale, 1:250000. Open spatial data from different platforms (OSM, Logistics Cluster, Landsat 8 satellite imagery, and SRTM data, etc.). Also, POIs extracted from previously compiled topographic and geological maps. Spatial database for each UTM zone created to store the features and raster. As for the cartographic style, the map layout adopted is the style of the U.S. Defense Mapping Agency maps. The results of the project are an update of 121 topographical map sheets using Quantum (GIS), those will be freely available for the interested users on request (e.g., environmentalists, academics, and university students, etc.).
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Kotsanis, D., P. Panagiotopoulos, D. Rozos, and C. Loupasakis. "Engineering geological mapping of the Pallini urban area." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 4 (September 5, 2013): 1715. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11036.
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Engineering geological thematic maps can provide substantial information for the development of cities, the land planning of future infrastructures and even more for the planning of the natural hazards prevention and/or mitigation. To this direction the engineering geological map of the Municipality of Pallini, at the Eastern Attica prefecture, at a scale of 1:20.000, was compiled. For that purpose, the following workflow was adopted: Firstly, a desk study helped in selecting the relevant topographic and geologic maps, which were digitized and introduced in a GIS environment. Secondly, the data coming from detailed geological mapping were elaborated to the same GIS environment. Thirdly, geotechnical data collected from borehole logs, such as lithostromatographic sequence, in situ tests and laboratory tests were introduced in geotechnical database. The statistical evaluation of this data provided estimates for numerous geotechnical parameters. Finally, the engineering geological map was compiled by merging the geological formations into lithologic units according to their origin, age, natural condition, and geotechnical characteristics.
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Presinszky, Károly. "Computer supported research of Hungarian dialects in Slovakia." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 71, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2021-0003.
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Abstract Computer supported research of Hungarian dialects in Slovakia began in 2010 at the Institute of Hungarian Linguistics and Literary Science, Faculty of Central European Studies, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra. The research is carried out using dialectological software developed by two researchers (Domokos Vékás and Fruzsina Sára Vargha) from Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, creating regional dialect databases, first for the Žitný ostrov/Csallóköz region and then for the whole Slovakia Hungarian dialect region. Before a detailed presentation of research results and possibilities in the field of digitized dialectological data, the study briefly describes the methods and Hungarian results of digital dialectology. Based on Hungarian research in Slovakia, it shows how it is possible to generate maps showing the geographical and social distribution of linguistic phenomena and acoustic phonetic analyses of data aligned with sound files. Important results of digital dialectology in Nitra are recently published audiobooks of Hungarian dialects in Slovakia, which can be used in addition to the needs of the researchers as a collection of multimedia dialect texts in school education and in the promotion of dialects.
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Frable, Benjamin, Charlotte Seid, Greg Rouse, and Philip Hastings. "Integration and Curation of At-Risk Collections into the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Collections." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26259.
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The Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) at the University of California, San Diego maintains one of the largest combined oceanographic collections in the world comprising four collections: Geological (sediment cores and dredged rocks), Pelagic Invertebrates, Benthic Invertebrates and Marine Vertebrates. After surviving threats of dissolution, the SIO Collections are now securely funded and have been able to make other collections available to the scientific community. Over the last few years, both the Marine Vertebrate (SIO-MVC) and Benthic Invertebrate (SIO-BIC) Collections have received National Science Foundation (NSF) and institutional funding to integrate important at-risk collections from University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) and the University of Victoria. The UCLA Ichthyological Collection, around 9000 lots, was at risk of disposal due to hazardous material concerns and lack of institutional support. The collection, accumulated primarily under Boyd Walker (1949-1980) and later Don Buth (1980-), contains material from extensive surveys of the near-shore fishes of Southern California, Baja California and the Tropical Eastern Pacific including remote oceanic islands such as the Revillagigedos, Clipperton and the Galapagos. The UCLA collection also contains over 150 secondary types and over 100 species new to the SIO-MVC. Due to lack of support, the collection records were never digitized and the collection was minimally curated and its holdings were poorly known. For over two years, the collection manager and student employees have physically re-curated and integrated this material into the SIO-MVC. These data are now available online via iDigBio and VertNet and have already been used in numerous studies. The SIO-BIC, holding 45,000 lots, is accepting ownership of two deep-sea animal collections from Verena Tunnicliffe at the University of Victoria and Robert Vrijenhoek at MBARI. These collections include 10,900+ lots, largely from hydrothermal vents across the Pacific. Collected over 35 years from remote deep-sea sites that are difficult and expensive to access, these collections represent a major resource for systematics, genetics, and ecology. With Dr. Vrijenhoek now retired and Dr. Tunnicliffe nearing retirement, their collections were at risk of being lost. This material will be made discoverable online through the SIO-BIC database and iDigBio, and will be available for loan and examination. In the last year, the collection manager and five undergraduate employees have integrated some 3,000 lots. With support from the institution and the NSF, the SIO collections are solidifying their roles as central repositories for deep-sea and Eastern Pacific fauna.
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Villordon, A., S. Gichuki, H. Kulembeka, S. C. Jeremiah, and D. Labonte. "A WEB-ACCESSIBLE GEO-REFERENCED DATABASE OF SWEETPOTATO ACCESSIONS FOR TANZANIA AND KENYA." HortScience 40, no. 3 (June 2005): 868d—868. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.868d.
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One of the secondary centers of genetic diversity for the sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is located in Africa. We have developed a geo-referenced database of sweetpotato accessions for Tanzania and Kenya that is accessible by stakeholders and other users. Public domain base maps and other files were used to generate the underlying GIS components. DIVA-GIS was used to convert existing spreadsheet-based accession and passport data into GIS-compliant files. ALOV Map, a public domain Java application for publishing vector and raster maps, was used to provide the framework for a web-accessible GIS database. This demonstrates that the availability of publicly available software requiring minimal or flexible licensing costs provide a cost-effective alternative to institutions that are considering developing GIS databases as well as enabling web accessibility to such resources. DIVA-GIS was also used to predict potential distribution of sweetpotato germplasm in Sub-Saharan Africa using the built-in ecological niche modelling tool. We describe procedures, software, and other applications that we used to develop a publicly accessible web interface to a GIS database of sweetpotato germplasm collections in Kenya and Tanzania.
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Marsenić, Miloš, and Saša Stanojević. "Digital resources in history teaching with reference to the European project Europeana." Зборник радова Филозофског факултета у Приштини 50, no. 4 (2020): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrffp50-28944.
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The development of new technologies and the information society has accelerated changes in everyday life and modern teaching. Information and communication technologies (ICT) better motivate students to learn. In order to better preserve historical sources, they are digitized and thus protected, hence researchers can access the source faster and at a less cost. The possibilities of using the Internet in teaching are vast. It is necessary for schools to have computers, as well as for teachers and students to be motivated to use new electronic sources. Many websites have original historical material, from written and printed sources to audio-visual ones. We can call all this material digital resources (materials, sources, electronic historical sources). Teachers need to create engaging and imaginative teaching materials. However, a critical approach and caution in working with materials from the internet is essential. It is the teacher's responsibility to recommend verified sites and documents. Much of the material on the Internet has been posted with the conscious intention of spreading inaccurate data. The possibilities of ICT are great in history studies, as well. It is possible to modernize teaching at all levels of studies, but the financial capabilities of schools do not allow the possibility of keeping up with those innovations. One of the web portals that can be used for teaching purposes with its digitized content is Europeana. It is a database of the cultural and historical heritage of Europe, through which it is possible to search the digitized material of institutions. The Europeana portal is a broad project that provides free access to tens of millions of digital units. One of the most important collections within this portal is dedicated to the First World War and is called Europeana 1914-1918.
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Cossio, Roberto, Alessandro Borghi, and Raffaella Ruffini. "Quantitative Modal Determination of Geological Samples Based on X-ray Multielemental Map Acquisition." Microscopy and Microanalysis 8, no. 2 (April 2002): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927601020062.
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Multielemental X-ray maps collected by a remote scanning system of the electron beam are processed by a dedicated software program performing accurate modal determination of geological samples. The classification of different mineral phases is based on elemental concentrations. The software program Petromod loads the maps into a database and computes a matrix consisting of numerical values proportional to the elemental concentrations. After an initial calibration, the program can perform the chemical composition calculated on the basis of a fixed number of oxygens for a selected area. In this way, it is possible to identify all the mineral phases occurring in the sample. Up to three elements can be selected to calculate the modal percentage of the identified mineral. An automated routine scans the whole set of maps and assigns each pixel that satisfies the imposed requirements to the selected phase. Repeating this procedure for every mineral phase occurring in the mapped area, a modal distribution of the rock-forming minerals can be performed. The final output consists of a digitized image, which can be further analyzed by common image analysis software, and a table containing the calculated modal percentages. The method is here applied to a volcanic and a metamorphic rock sample.
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Leder, Tea Duplančić, Tin Ujević, and Mendi Čala. "Duljine obalne crte i površine otoka na hrvatskom dijelu Jadranskog mora određene sa topografskih karata mjerila." Geoadria 9, no. 1 (January 11, 2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.127.
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In this paper, modern definition of island established by the IHO has been accepted, and classification of islands, islets, rocks and rocks awash has been proposed according to their areas. The coastline of the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea was digitized from topographic maps produced at the scale of 1 : 25 000 (TM 25). Topographic maps used for digitization are more precise than the maps that were used in earlier works and consequently the data on the number of islands and their coastline lengths and areas are more precise. Polygons of islands were closed in GIS package AutoCAD Map 2000, and each was given its name. From the obtained database and classification of islands, islets and rocks, in the coastal sea area of the Republic of Croatia 79 islands, 525 islets, and 642 rocks and rocks awash, or a total of 1246 have been recorded. Furthermore, it has been established that on TM 25 the island of Cres has the largest area (405.70 km2), although in literature so far (including atlases) the island of Krk was most often cited as the largest island in the Adriatic Sea. The island of Pag has the longest coastline length of 302.47 km.
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Santangelo, M., I. Marchesini, F. Bucci, M. Cardinali, F. Fiorucci, and F. Guzzetti. "An approach to reduce mapping errors in the production of landslide inventory maps." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 9 (September 22, 2015): 2111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2111-2015.
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Abstract. Landslide inventory maps (LIMs) show where landslides have occurred in an area, and provide information useful to different types of landslide studies, including susceptibility and hazard modelling and validation, risk assessment, erosion analyses, and to evaluate relationships between landslides and geological settings. Despite recent technological advancements, visual interpretation of aerial photographs (API) remains the most common method to prepare LIMs. In this work, we present a new semi-automatic procedure that makes use of GIS technology for the digitization of landslide data obtained through API. To test the procedure, and to compare it to a consolidated landslide mapping method, we prepared two LIMs starting from the same set of landslide API data, which were digitized (a) manually adopting a consolidated visual transfer method, and (b) adopting our new semi-automatic procedure. Results indicate that the new semi-automatic procedure (a) increases the interpreter's overall efficiency by a factor of 2, (b) reduces significantly the subjectivity introduced by the visual (manual) transfer of the landslide information to the digital database, resulting in more accurate LIMs. With the new procedure, the landslide positional error decreases with increasing landslide size, following a power-law. We expect that our work will help adopt standards for transferring landslide information from the aerial photographs to a digital landslide map, contributing to the production of accurate landslide maps.
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Cano, María Eugenia, Gerardo Aníbal Marti, Agustín Balsalobre, Evangelina Muttis, Emiliano Aldo Bruno, Gustavo Rossi, and María Victoria Micieli. "Database of Sabethes and Haemagogus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Argentina: Sylvatic Vectors of the Yellow Fever Virus." Journal of Medical Entomology 58, no. 4 (April 27, 2021): 1762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjab059.
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Abstract Yellow fever is an endemic disease in America caused by an arbovirus that circulates in the sylvatic cycle between nonhuman primates and mosquitoes of the genera Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy and Haemagogus Williston. The main goal of this work is to report the distribution patterns of these genera in Argentina through an updated database built from published records as well as from own sample collections. These genera are represented in Argentina by a total of 18 species distributed in 14 provinces and 10 ecoregions. The ecoregions with greatest biodiversity were Paranense Forest, Yungas, Campos and Malezales. This database will also allow generating distribution maps for these mosquito genera, and their respective species in Argentina, to establish areas with high probability of viral circulation that are an essential input for vector surveillance, as a tool for public health decision-makers.
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Cao, Wenchao, Sabin Zahirovic, Nicolas Flament, Simon Williams, Jan Golonka, and R. Dietmar Müller. "Improving global paleogeography since the late Paleozoic using paleobiology." Biogeosciences 14, no. 23 (December 4, 2017): 5425–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5425-2017.
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Abstract. Paleogeographic reconstructions are important to understand Earth's tectonic evolution, past eustatic and regional sea level change, paleoclimate and ocean circulation, deep Earth resources and to constrain and interpret the dynamic topography predicted by mantle convection models. Global paleogeographic maps have been compiled and published, but they are generally presented as static maps with varying map projections, different time intervals represented by the maps and different plate motion models that underlie the paleogeographic reconstructions. This makes it difficult to convert the maps into a digital form and link them to alternative digital plate tectonic reconstructions. To address this limitation, we develop a workflow to restore global paleogeographic maps to their present-day coordinates and enable them to be linked to a different tectonic reconstruction. We use marine fossil collections from the Paleobiology Database to identify inconsistencies between their indicative paleoenvironments and published paleogeographic maps, and revise the locations of inferred paleo-coastlines that represent the estimated maximum transgression surfaces by resolving these inconsistencies. As a result, the consistency ratio between the paleogeography and the paleoenvironments indicated by the marine fossil collections is increased from an average of 75 % to nearly full consistency (100 %). The paleogeography in the main regions of North America, South America, Europe and Africa is significantly revised, especially in the Late Carboniferous, Middle Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Late Cretaceous and most of the Cenozoic. The global flooded continental areas since the Early Devonian calculated from the revised paleogeography in this study are generally consistent with results derived from other paleoenvironment and paleo-lithofacies data and with the strontium isotope record in marine carbonates. We also estimate the terrestrial areal change over time associated with transferring reconstruction, filling gaps and modifying the paleogeographic geometries based on the paleobiology test. This indicates that the variation of the underlying plate reconstruction is the main factor that contributes to the terrestrial areal change, and the effect of revising paleogeographic geometries based on paleobiology is secondary.
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Villordon*, Arthur, Simon Gichuki, Heneriko Kulembeka, Simon C. Jeremiah, and Don LaBonte. "Development of a Web-Accessible GIS Database as a Tool for Sweetpotato Germplasm Collection Activities in East Africa." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 876A—876. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.876a.
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Africa represents a unique secondary site of genetic diversity for the sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.]. Despite the genetic resources available for sweetpotato breeding and cultivar selection, regional conflicts and adverse weather in the last two decades have accelerated the risk of germplasm loss, particularly in East and Central Africa. A cooperative research project is currently underway to assess genetic diversity as well as help conserve sweetpotato germplasm in East Africa. One of the tools that are currently being used is a web-accessible GIS database that enables access to spatial and temporal data by project investigators and other stakeholders. Although proprietary methods are available for delivering GIS data through web interfaces, these methods often require expensive licensing agreements. The use of ALOV Map, a freely available Java® application for publishing vector and raster maps, along with basemaps and other thematic maps downloaded from publicly accessible web sites, helped provide the framework for a web-accessible GIS database. DIVA-GIS, a free desktop based GIS software was used to generate shapefiles as well as preview files prior to uploading. This demonstrates that the availability of publicly available software requiring minimal or flexible licensing costs provide a cost-effective alternative to institutions that are considering access to GIS databases via a web-accessible interface. We describe procedures, software, and other applications that we used to develop a publicly accessible web interface to a GIS database of sweetpotato germplasm collections in Kenya and Tanzania.
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Fluda-Krokos, Agnieszka. "The Cultural Heritage of Printing in the 15-18th Centuries as Digital Resources – a Reconnaissance." Perspektywy Kultury 26, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2019.2603.13.
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Digitization as an element of technological development has contributed to the removal of many information barriers related to access to the achievements of writing and printing culture. Thanks to numerous programs of developing and subsidizing work on intellectual property, digital libraries, museums and archives have been created, offering access to their collections online. Digital forms of priceless manuscripts, old prints, documents of social life and other manifestations of culture are not only a way of conservation and preservation of the originals or the presentation of library magazines, but also sources for research. The content of the Digital Library Federation – DLF, which associates 138 data providers, will be used as an example of digitized old prints along with ways of describing, searching, displaying results and special addons that make their use simple and effective. As a result of the research, 38,629 items marked as old prints were found in the database, supplied by 38 institutions, the most numerous being those provided by the Jagiellonian Digital Library and the Lower Silesia Digital Library, with the predominance of 18th and 17th century and Latin and Polish prints.
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GONZÁLEZ SORIANO, José Miguel. "MNEMOSINE: BIBLIOTECA DIGITAL DE LA OTRA EDAD DE PLATA (ORÍGENES, CONTENIDOS, PERSPECTIVAS)." Signa: Revista de la Asociación Española de Semiótica 30 (January 6, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/signa.vol30.2021.29297.
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Resumen: Impulsada por los grupos de investigación LOEP e ILSA de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, la Biblioteca Digital Mnemosine selecciona, cataloga y hace visibles en formato digital textos pertenecientes a un repertorio olvidado de la literatura española entre los años 1868 y 1936, permitiendo así la necesaria revisión historiográfica de este periodo. Junto al acceso a libros digitalizados y a la consulta de su base de datos, Mnemosine representa un campo de experimentación para el modelado de datos de colecciones literarias específicas y la creación de redes semánticas interoperables, generando investigación e innovación de calidad y nuevos modelos teóricos de interpretación de textos literarios.Abstract: Powered by two research teams affiliated with the Complutense University of Madrid, LOEP and ILSA, Mnemosyne Digital Library selects, catalogs and makes visible in digital format texts belonging to a forgotten repertoire of Spanish literature between 1868 and 1936, thus allowing the necessary historical reevaluation of this period. Together with access to digitized books and the consultation of its database, Mnemosyne is an experimental field for modeling data from specific literary collections as well as the creation of interoperable semantic webs, generating quality research and innovation and new models for the literary study.
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Kuźma, Marta, and Albina Mościcka. "Accessibility evaluation of topographic maps in the National Library of Poland." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-201-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Digital libraries are created and managed mainly by traditional libraries, archives and museums. They collect, process, and make available digitized collections and data about them. These collections often constitute cultural heritage and they include, among others: books (including old prints), magazines, manuscripts, photographs, maps, atlases, postcards and graphics. An example of such a library is the National Library of Poland. It collects and provides digitally available data of about 55,000 maps.</p><p>The effective use of cultural heritage resources and information from National Library of Poland gives the prerequisites and challenges for multidisciplinary research and cross-sectoral cooperation. These resources are an unlimited source of knowledge, constituting value in themselves but also providing data for many new studies, including interdisciplinary studies of the past. Information necessary for such research is usually distributed across a wide spectrum of fields, formats and languages, reflecting different points of view, and the key task is to find them in digital libraries.</p><p>The growth of digital library collections requires high-quality metadata to make the materials collected by libraries fully accessible and to enable their integration and sharing between institutions. Consequently, three main metadata quality criteria have been defined to enable metadata management and evaluation. They are: accuracy, consistency, and completeness (Park, 2009, Park and Tosaka, 2010). Different aspects of metadata quality can also be defined as: accessibility, accuracy, availability, compactness, comprehensiveness, content, consistency, cost, data structure, ease of creation, ease of use, cost efficiency, flexibility, fitness for use, informativeness, quantity, reliability, standard, timeliness, transfer, usability (Moen et al., 1998). This list tells us where errors in metadata occur, which can result in hindering or completely disabling access to materials available through a digital library.</p><p>Archival maps have always been present in the libraries. In the digital age, geographical space has begun to exist in libraries in two aspects: as old maps’ collections, as well as a geographic reference of sources other than cartographic materials. Despite many experiences in this field, the authors emphasize that the main problem is related to the fact that most libraries are not populating the coordinates to the metadata, which is required to enable and support geographical search (Southall and Pridal, 2012).</p><p>During this stage the concept of research is born and the source materials necessary for the realization of this concept are collected. When using archival maps for such studies, it is important to be aware of detailed literature studies, including cartographic assumptions, the course and accuracy of cartographic works, the way of printing, the scope of updates of subsequent editions, and the period in which the given map was created. The ability to use cartographic materials also depends on the destination map. The awareness of the above issues allows researchers to avoid errors frequently made by non-cartographers, i.e. to prevent comparing maps on different scales and treating them as a basis for formulating very detailed yet unfortunately erroneous conclusions. Thus, one of the key tasks is to find materials that are comparable in terms of scale and that cover the same area and space in the historical period of interest.</p><p>The research aim is to evaluate the quality of topographic maps metadata provided by the National Library of Poland, which are the basis for effective access to cartographic resources.</p><p>The first research question is: how should topographic maps be described in metadata to enable finding them in the National Library of Poland? In other words, what kind of map-specific information should be saved in metadata (and in what way) to provide the proper characteristic of the spatially-related object?</p><p>The second research question is: which topographic maps have the best metadata in such a way as to give the users the best chance of finding the cartographic materials necessary for their research?</p><p>The paper will present the results of research connected with finding criteria and features to metadata evaluation, it means how archival maps are described. For the maps, it is a set of map features, which are collected in the metadata. This set includes the geographic location, map scale, map orientation, and cartographic presentation methods. The conducted evaluation refers to the quality of metadata, or, in other words, the accessibility of archival cartographic resources.</p>
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Mayer, Paul, Katherine Hodge, Dana Kahn, Mackenzie Best, Yaal Dryer, Mane Pritza, Janel Nelson, and Jack Wittry. "Interns and Volunteers Crucial in Curating and Digitizing Fossil Invertebrates in the Field Museum’s Fast Growing Mazon Creek Collection." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25942.
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The Mazon Creek region in Northeastern Illinois is home to a Middle Pennsylvanian (~307 million years old) soft-bodied fossil Lagerstätte of animals and plants that lived along a subtropical swampy coastline. This area was strip mined for coal from 1928 to 1974 and museum geologists and amateur collectors acquired large fossil collections during this time by collecting and splitting millions of nodules unearthed at the mines. These large collections are important because of the rarity of many of the species in the Mazon Creek biota. There are about 250 described fossil invertebrate species from the Mazon Creek region. Fifty-one of these species (mostly insects and arachnids) are represented by just a single specimen in the Field Museum’s collection. Since the 1980’s collecting has decreased and the mines have been restored to parks and wildlife areas. The Field Museum maintained a collection of 34,000 Mazon Creek invertebrate fossil for many decades. With the new donations from private collectors in the last three years this collection has grown by 20% and now represents 18% of the Fossil Invertebrate systematic collection. The Mazon Creek is also the most used fossil invertebrate collection accounting for about 38% of loans in the last five years. Dealing with these large and often unexpected donations adds to the already large workload of the collection staff, so interns and volunteers are utilized to process, catalog, digitize, and integrate these fossils into the museum’s collection. In the summer of 2016, interns Mackenzie Best and Yaal Dryer unpacked and sorted into drawers the Thomas V. Testa collection, and digitized the first 1,000 fossils. In 2017, two Women in Science interns, Kate Hodge and Dana Kahn, spent 6 weeks entering the data for 5,000 fossils into our database, numbering these fossils, and printing their labels. Having a well curated collection, as well as volunteer Jack Wittry, who has expert knowledge of Mazon Creek fossils, has also been crucial to the success of these projects. Mane Pritza, a Field Museum volunteer, began photographing these collections and has captured over 11,000 images. Janel Nelson, a former volunteer, has uploaded these images into our multimedia database and linked them to the corresponding records in the catalog module. James and Sylvia Konecny donated their 4,000-specimen Mazon Creek collection in December of 2017, ensuring that interns and volunteers will continue their curation work for at least the next two years.
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Wetter, Mark. "Documenting the occurrence through space & time of aquatic non-indigenous fish, mollusks, algae, & plants threatening North America's Great Lakes utilizing herbaria & zoological museum specimens." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 18, 2018): e24930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.24930.
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North America’s Great Lakes contain 21% of the planet’s fresh water, and their protection is a matter of national security to both the USA & Canada. One of the greatest threats to the health of this unparalleled natural resource is invasion by non-indigenous species, several of which already have had catastrophic impacts on property values, the fisheries, shipping, and tourism industries, and continue to threaten the survival of native species and wetland ecosystems. The Great Lakes Invasives Network is a consortium (20 institutions) of herbaria and zoology museums from among the Great Lakes states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and New York created to better document the occurrence of selected non-indigenous species and their congeners in space and time by imaging and providing online access to the information on the specimens of the critical organisms. The list of non-indigenous species (1 alga, 42 vascular plants, 22 fish, and 13 mollusks) to be digitized was generated by conducting a query of all fish, plants, algae, and mollusks present in the database of GLANSIS – the Great Lakes Aquatic Nonindigenous Species Information System – maintained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The network consists of collections at 20 institutions, including 4 of the 10 largest herbaria in North America, each of which curates 1-7 million specimens (NY, F, MICH, and WIS). Eight of the nation’s largest zoology museums are also represented, several of which (e.g., Ohio State and U of Minnesota) are internationally recognized for their fish and mollusk collections. Each genus includes at least one species that is considered a Great Lakes non-indigenous taxon – several have many, whereas others have congeners on “watchlists”, meaning that they have not arrived in the Great Lakes Basin yet, but have the potential to do so, especially in light of human activity and climate change. Because the introduction and spread of these species, their close relatives, and hybrids into the region is known to have occurred almost entirely from areas in North America outside of the Basin, our effort will include non-indigenous specimens collected from throughout North America. Digitized specimens of Great Lakes non-indigenous species and their congeners will allow for more accurate identification of invasive species and hybrids from their non-invasive relatives by a wider audience of end users. The metadata derived from digitized specimens of Great Lakes non-indigenous species and their congeners will help biologists to track, monitor, and predict the spread of invasive species through space and time, especially in the face of a more rapidly changing climate in the upper Midwest. All together consortium members will digitize >2 million individual specimens from >860,000 sheets/lots of non-indigenous species and their congeneric taxa. Data and metadata are uploaded to the Great Lakes Invasives Network, a Symbiota portal (GreatLakesInvasvies.org), and ingested by the National Resource for Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections (ADBC) (iDigBio.org) national resource. Several initiatives are already in place to alert citizens to the dangers of spreading aquatic invasive species among our nation's waterways, but this project is developing complementary scientific and educational tools for scientists, students, wildlife officers, teachers, and the public who have had little access to images or data derived directly from preserved specimens of invasive species collected over the past three centuries.
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Esteva, Maria, Weijia Xu, Suyog Dutt Jain, Jennifer L. Lee, and Wendy K. Martin. "Assessing the Preservation Condition of Large and Heterogeneous Electronic Records Collections with Visualization." International Journal of Digital Curation 6, no. 1 (March 8, 2011): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v6i1.171.
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As collections become larger in size, more complex in structure and increasingly diverse in composition, new approaches are needed to help curators assess digital files and make decisions about their long-term preservation. We present research on the use of interactive visualization to analyze file characterization information for the purpose of assessing the preservation condition of a vast collection of complex electronic records. The case study collection contains over 1,000,000 files of diverse formats arranged in varied record structures and record groups. The visualization application uses tree maps and a relational database management system (RDBMS) to represent the collection's arrangement and to show available characterization information at different levels of aggregation, classification and abstraction. Through this visualization interface curators can interact dynamically with the collections' characterization information to discover trends, as well as compare and contrast various file characteristics across the collection. Curators may select and weight the variables that they want to analyze. They can pursue analysis workflows that go from a high-level overview of the collection's preservation condition based on file format risks, to obtaining more detailed results about the condition of record groups and individual records. While there are various digital preservation planning tools available, to our knowledge none have been designed specifically to visually present assessment information across vast and complex collections. We present research to address the need for such a tool.
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Meshkova, V. L., and O. I. Borysenko. "PREDICTION FOR BARK BEETLES CAUSED DESICCATION OF PINE STANDS." Forestry and Forest Melioration, no. 132 (February 5, 2018): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33220/1026-3365.132.2018.155.
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The aim of the study was to develop an algorithm predicting the spread of bark beetles caused desiccation and to test it on the example of Teteriv Forest Enterprise. A set of parameters was tested, particularly proportion of pine in the forest composition, stand age, a relative density of stocking, stand origin and type of forest site conditions. Pine proportion in the forest composition and pine age have the greatest importance for prediction the threat of bark beetles caused desiccation. The relative density of stocking by itself is a less important risk factor than its sudden decrease. Prediction accuracy increases, if we consider the bordering of compartments with clear-cuts after main felling or clear sanitary felling of the last two years. Using a simplified scale (of two main parameters – pine proportion and pine age) gives the possibility to recognize the trend of foci area dynamics or to compare it for different administrative regions or natural zones. Confinement of bark beetles foci to specific subcompartments can be predicted by GIS tools using the suggested algorithm, forest inventory database and digitized maps.