Journal articles: 'Data localisation'

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Komaitis, Konstantinos. "The ‘wicked problem’ of data localisation." Journal of Cyber Policy 2, no. 3 (September 2, 2017): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23738871.2017.1402942.

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Etheridge, Thomas J., Antony M. Carr, and Alex D. Herbert. "GDSC SMLM: Single-molecule localisation microscopy software for ImageJ." Wellcome Open Research 7 (September 29, 2022): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18327.1.

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Single-molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) uses software to extract super-resolved positions from microscope images of fluorescent molecules. These localisations can then be used to render super-resolution images or analysed to extract information about molecular behaviour. The GDSC SMLM software provides a set of tools for analysing SMLM data in a single cross-platform environment. The software identifies fluorescent molecules in raw microscope images and localises their positions using stages of spot detection, spot fitting and spot rejection. The resulting localisation data set can then be visualised, cropped and filtered. A suite of downstream analysis tools enable the user to perform single-particle tracking, cluster analysis and drift correction. In addition, GDSC SMLM also provides utility tools that enable modelling of EM-CCD and sCMOS cameras as well as point spread functions (PSFs) for data simulation. The software is written in Java and runs as a collection of plugins for the ImageJ software.

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Tissier, Ann-Sophie, Jean-Michel Brankart, Charles-Emmanuel Testut, Giovanni Ruggiero, Emmanuel Cosme, and Pierre Brasseur. "A multiscale ocean data assimilation approach combining spatial and spectral localisation." Ocean Science 15, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 443–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-15-443-2019.

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Abstract. Ocean data assimilation systems encompass a wide range of scales that are difficult to control simultaneously using partial observation networks. All scales are not observable by all observation systems, which is not easily taken into account in current ocean operational systems. The main reason for this difficulty is that the error covariance matrices are usually assumed to be local (e.g. using a localisation algorithm in ensemble data assimilation systems), so that the large-scale patterns are removed from the error statistics. To better exploit the observational information available for all scales in the assimilation systems of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service, we investigate a new method to introduce scale separation in the assimilation scheme. The method is based on a spectral transformation of the assimilation problem and consists in carrying out the analysis with spectral localisation for the large scales and spatial localisation for the residual scales. The target is to improve the observational update of the large-scale components of the signal by an explicit observational constraint applied directly on the large scales and to restrict the use of spatial localisation to the small-scale components of the signal. To evaluate our method, twin experiments are carried out with synthetic altimetry observations (simulating the Jason tracks), assimilated in a 1/4∘ model configuration of the North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas. Results show that the transformation to the spectral domain and the spectral localisation provides consistent ensemble estimates of the state of the system (in the spectral domain or after backward transformation to the spatial domain). Combined with spatial localisation for the residual scales, the new scheme is able to provide a reliable ensemble update for all scales, with improved accuracy for the large scale; and the performance of the system can be checked explicitly and separately for all scales in the assimilation system.

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Samizadeh Nikoo, Mohammad, and Fereidoon Behnia. "Single‐site source localisation using scattering data." IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation 12, no. 2 (February 2018): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2017.0348.

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Muroň, Mikuláš, and David Procházka. "Wi‑Fi Indoor Localisation: A Deeper Insight Into Patterns in the Fingerprint Map Data." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 6 (2018): 1565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866061565.

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Localisation via Wi‑Fi networks is one of the possible techniques which can be used for positioning inside buildings or in other places without the GPS signal. The accurate indoor positioning system can help users with localisation or navigation within unfamiliar places. Almost all buildings are covered with the Wi‑Fi signal. Using the currently existing infrastructure will minimise cost for construction other types of indoor positioning systems. Among other reasons, usage of Wi‑Fi for positioning is also convenient because almost every mobile device has a Wi‑Fi capability and therefore the system can be easily used by everyone. However, an important factor is the precision of such a solution. The article is focused on the evaluation of Wi‑Fi localisation precision within the university grounds.

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Fraser, Erica. "Data Localisation and the Balkanisation of the Internet." SCRIPTed 13, no. 3 (December 16, 2016): 359–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2966/scrip.130316.359.

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Schwendner, Jakob, and Frank Kirchner. "eSLAM—Self Localisation and Mapping Using Embodied Data." KI - Künstliche Intelligenz 24, no. 3 (June 29, 2010): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13218-010-0033-3.

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Petrie, Ruth E., and Sarah L. Dance. "Ensemble-based data assimilation and the localisation problem." Weather 65, no. 3 (March 2010): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wea.505.

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Yun Cho, Seong. "Implementation Technology for Localising a Group of Mobile Nodes in a Mobile Wireless Sensor Network." Journal of Navigation 67, no. 6 (July 30, 2014): 1089–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463314000460.

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This paper addresses a simple implementation technology for localising a group of mobile nodes using the Peer-To-Peer (P2P) ranging measurements obtained from a Mobile Wireless Sensor Network (MWSN). In recent years, MWSN-based multi-target localisation technologies have been investigated with alacrity. However, it is difficult to implement P2P ranging and data transformation for multi-target localisation iteratively using single channel MWSN. Also, there are critical problems in the conventional localisation algorithms associated with the estimation errors owing to the erroneous linearization of a nonlinear range equation and bad relative locations of the reference nodes and target node. In this paper, very simple P2P ranging and connection data sharing procedures that can be easily implemented in single channel MWSN are established. Moreover, an adaptive localisation algorithm is presented to reduce the estimation errors that may occur in the conventional localisation algorithms. To verify the performance of the presented implementation technology, a localisation system prototype is developed and the presented procedures and algorithm are embedded in the prototype. Through actual experiments, the validity of the localisation system containing the proposed procedures and algorithm is demonstrated.

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Breckels, Lisa M., Claire M. Mulvey, Kathryn S. Lilley, and Laurent Gatto. "A Bioconductor workflow for processing and analysing spatial proteomics data." F1000Research 5 (December 28, 2016): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10411.1.

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Spatial proteomics is the systematic study of protein sub-cellular localisation. In this workflow, we describe the analysis of a typical quantitative mass spectrometry-based spatial proteomics experiment using the MSnbase and pRoloc Bioconductor package suite. To walk the user through the computational pipeline, we use a recently published experiment predicting protein sub-cellular localisation in pluripotent embryonic mouse stem cells. We describe the software infrastructure at hand, importing and processing data, quality control, sub-cellular marker definition, visualisation and interactive exploration. We then demonstrate the application and interpretation of statistical learning methods, including novelty detection using semi-supervised learning, classification, clustering and transfer learning and conclude the pipeline with data export. The workflow is aimed at beginners who are familiar with proteomics in general and spatial proteomics in particular.

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Breckels, Lisa M., Claire M. Mulvey, Kathryn S. Lilley, and Laurent Gatto. "A Bioconductor workflow for processing and analysing spatial proteomics data." F1000Research 5 (July 3, 2018): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10411.2.

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Spatial proteomics is the systematic study of protein sub-cellular localisation. In this workflow, we describe the analysis of a typical quantitative mass spectrometry-based spatial proteomics experiment using the MSnbase and pRoloc Bioconductor package suite. To walk the user through the computational pipeline, we use a recently published experiment predicting protein sub-cellular localisation in pluripotent embryonic mouse stem cells. We describe the software infrastructure at hand, importing and processing data, quality control, sub-cellular marker definition, visualisation and interactive exploration. We then demonstrate the application and interpretation of statistical learning methods, including novelty detection using semi-supervised learning, classification, clustering and transfer learning and conclude the pipeline with data export. The workflow is aimed at beginners who are familiar with proteomics in general and spatial proteomics in particular.

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Morlier, Joseph, F. Bos, and P. Castera. "Benchmark of Damage Localisation Algorithms Using Mode Shape Data." Key Engineering Materials 293-294 (September 2005): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.293-294.305.

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This paper presents a comparative study of three enhanced signal processing methods to locate damage on mode shape data. The first method called curvature mode shape is used as a reference. The second tool uses wavelet transform and singularity detection theory to locate damage. Finally we introduce the windowed fractal dimension of a signal as a tool to easily measure the local complexity of a signal. Our benchmark aims at comparing the crack detection using optimal spatial sampling under different severity, beam boundary conditions (BCs) and added noise measurements.

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Hoppenot, P., and E. Colle. "Real-Time Mobile Robot Localisation with Poor Ultrasonic Data." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30, no. 7 (June 1997): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)43252-6.

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Ostřížek, František, and Oldřich Trenz. "Data Measurements and Its Uses for the Autonomous System." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 6 (2018): 1581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866061581.

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This article describes the problematic area of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). This device can be used to communicate with corporate IS and other devices, calculation of localisation, mapping of new places which covered with Wi‑Fi technology and many others purposes. Nowadays, trends in the solution of driving and maintenance describe precise localisation. The fundamental error of GPS while using it inside buildings is enormous, and for this reason, we were trying to use infrastructure based on 802.11 a/b/g/n. It takes a focus on the part of measuring of signals and the ability of Wi‑Fi signals processing. A limiting factor for this solution might be an environment with a weak or null signal and situations with a smaller amount of beacons. The primary aim of this article is providing an introduction to the problem of use drones and describe collected data for future use.

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Ajith, Akhila, Phillip J. Milnes, Giles N. Johnson, and Nicholas P. Lockyer. "Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Spatial Chemical Profiling of Vegetative Parts of Plants." Plants 11, no. 9 (May 2, 2022): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11091234.

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The detection of chemical species and understanding their respective localisations in tissues have important implications in plant science. The conventional methods for imaging spatial localisation of chemical species are often restricted by the number of species that can be identified and is mostly done in a targeted manner. Mass spectrometry imaging combines the ability of traditional mass spectrometry to detect numerous chemical species in a sample with their spatial localisation information by analysing the specimen in a 2D manner. This article details the popular mass spectrometry imaging methodologies which are widely pursued along with their respective sample preparation and the data analysis methods that are commonly used. We also review the advancements through the years in the usage of the technique for the spatial profiling of endogenous metabolites, detection of xenobiotic agrochemicals and disease detection in plants. As an actively pursued area of research, we also address the hurdles in the analysis of plant tissues, the future scopes and an integrated approach to analyse samples combining different mass spectrometry imaging methods to obtain the most information from a sample of interest.

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Zlatanovska, Katerina A., Cena Dimova, Nikola Gigovski, Vesna Korunoska-Stevkovska, and Natasa Longurova. "Fracture Localisation of Porcelain Veneers with Different Preparation Designs." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 10 (May 25, 2019): 1675–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.323.

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BACKGROUND: Porcelain veneers are permanent restorations that combine good aesthetic with functionality by minimal destructive techniques. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the influence of the preparation designs on the fracture localisation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three preparation designs of porcelain veneers fabricated by a method of laying on a fireproof abutment on maxillary central incisor were examined in this in vitro study-feather preparation, bevel preparation and incisal overlap – palatal chamfer. The samples from all three groups were loaded into a universal test machine-TRITECH WF 10056 until damage occurred on the porcelain veneer. Fracture localisation was classified as an incisal, gingival or combination. Data were analysed with statistical programs: STATISTICA 7.1; SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: In feather preparation, as a consequence of the mechanical force, the most common is the incisal localisation (66.7%), followed by the combined (33.3%), while the gingival fracture localisation is not registered. In bevel preparation, the most common fracture localisation is combined (53.6%), followed by incisal (35.7%) and subsequent gingival localisation (10.7%). In incisal overlap (palatal chamfer), combined and gingival localisation of the fracture is equally recorded in 14.3% of the samples, while the incisal is the most common localisation and is registered in 72.4%. CONCLUSION: During the study, a statistically significant dependence was found between the localisation of the occurred changes (incisal, gingival and combination) and the three different types of preparation.

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Sánchez Ramos, María del Mar, Jesús Torres del Rey, and Lucía Morado Vázquez. "Localisation Training in Spain and Beyond: Towards a Consensus on Content and Approach." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 62 (December 12, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.vi62.128626.

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Since localisation emerged in the 1980s as an activity linked to the software industry, its evolution has gone hand in hand with technological advances. In the globalised market of the 21st century, an ever-increasing range of digital products must be localised. While academic institutions are aware of how the insatiable demand for localisation is affecting the translation industry, there is no consensus regarding what courses on localisation should teach and how they should teach it. This article reports the findings of a survey-based study that adopted a descriptive-interpretive methodology to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from a group of 16 localisation trainers teaching on undergraduate translation courses in Spanish universities. The results reinforce the finding of an earlier unpublished study by the same authors (AUTHOR 2018) that localisation training is keeping pace with technological evolution. In addition, respondents noted that one of their main challenges is finding authentic teaching materials and recommended closer collaboration between academia and the localisation industry.

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Górak, Rafał, and Marcin Luckner. "Automatic Detection of Missing Access Points in Indoor Positioning System †." Sensors 18, no. 11 (October 23, 2018): 3595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113595.

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The paper presents a Wi-Fi-based indoor localisation system. It consists of two main parts, the localisation model and an Access Points (APs) detection module. The system uses a received signal strength (RSS) gathered by multiple mobile terminals to detect which AP should be included in the localisation model and whether the model needs to be updated (rebuilt). The rebuilding of the localisation model prevents the localisation system from a significant loss of accuracy. The proposed automatic detection of missing APs has a universal character and it can be applied to any Wi-Fi localisation model which was created using the fingerprinting method. The paper considers the localisation model based on the Random Forest algorithm. The system was tested on data collected inside a multi-floor academic building. The proposed implementation reduced the mean horizontal error by 5.5 m and the classification error for the floor’s prediction by 0.26 in case of a serious malfunction of a Wi-Fi infrastructure. Several simulations were performed, taking into account different occupancy scenarios as well as different numbers of missing APs. The simulations proved that the system correctly detects missing and present APs in the Wi-Fi infrastructure.

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Wang, Ying, Fu Jia, Tobias Schoenherr, and Yu Gong. "Supply Chain-Based Business Model Innovation: The Case of a Cross-Border E-Commerce Company." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 4362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124362.

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Cross-border e-commerce has gained increasing popularity globally and thrives under the backdrop of the ‘One Belt One Road’ policy of China, which resonates with UN’s sustainable development goals targeting countries in the South. In this study, we investigate Zongteng, which is one of the first cross-border e-commerce companies in China, to assess how supply chain innovation activities can become core to a firm’s business model innovation. Data were collected from Zongteng senior managers, internal company documents, and open online resources. We found that the firm needed changes in its business model, which brought new participants into the business ecosystem and changed their respective positions. We further identified three types of supply chain localisations in cross-border e-commerce for export markets (sales, warehousing, and R&D localisation), which the company’s establishment of overseas warehouses enabled. The three localisation strategies serve as the driving force and the main business model innovation in cross-border e-commerce. This study contributes to the supply chain innovation literature by proposing that overseas warehouses, bonded warehouses, and supply chain finance are capabilities that form part of the business model innovation in cross-border e-commerce.

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Sinha, Rashmi Sharan, and Seung-Hoon Hwang. "Improved RSSI-Based Data Augmentation Technique for Fingerprint Indoor Localisation." Electronics 9, no. 5 (May 21, 2020): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050851.

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Recently, deep-learning-based indoor localisation systems have attracted attention owing to their higher performance compared with traditional indoor localization systems. However, to achieve satisfactory performance, the former systems require large amounts of data to train deep learning models. Since obtaining the data is usually a tedious task, this requirement deters the use of deep learning approaches. To address this problem, we propose an improved data augmentation technique based on received signal strength indication (RSSI) values for fingerprint indoor positioning systems. The technique is implemented using available RSSI values at one reference point, and unlike existing techniques, it mimics the constantly varying RSSI signals. With this technique, the proposed method achieves a test accuracy of 95.26% in the laboratory simulation and 94.59% in a real-time environment, and the average location error is as low as 1.45 and 1.60 m, respectively. The method exhibits higher performance compared with an existing augmentation method. In particular, the data augmentation technique can be applied irrespective of the positioning algorithm used.

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Dustler, M., H. Petersson, and P. Timberg. "VOLUMETRIC LOCALISATION OF DENSE BREAST TISSUE USING BREAST TOMOSYNTHESIS DATA." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 169, no. 1-4 (February 27, 2016): 392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncw022.

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Tio, M., M. Zavortink, X. Yang, and W. Chia. "A functional analysis of inscuteable and its roles during Drosophila asymmetric cell divisions." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 10 (May 15, 1999): 1541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.10.1541.

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Cellular diversity in the Drosophila central nervous system is generated through a series of asymmetric cell divisions in which one progenitor produces two daughter cells with distinct fates. Asymmetric basal cortical localisation and segregation of the determinant Prospero during neuroblast cell divisions play a crucial role in effecting distinct cell fates for the progeny sibling neuroblast and ganglion mother cell. Similarly asymmetric localisation and segregation of the determinant Numb during ganglion mother cell divisions ensure that the progeny sibling neurons attain distinct fates. The most upstream component identified so far which acts to organise both neuroblast and ganglion mother cell asymmetric divisions is encoded by inscuteable. The Inscuteable protein is itself asymmetrically localised to the apical cell cortex and is required both for the basal localisation of the cell fate determinants during mitosis and for the orientation of the mitotic spindle along the apical/basal axis. Here we define the functional domains of Inscuteable. We show that aa252-578 appear sufficient to effect all aspects of its function, however, the precise requirements for its various functions differ. The region, aa288-497, is necessary and sufficient for apical cortical localisation and for mitotic spindle (re)orientation along the apical/basal axis. A larger region aa288-540 is necessary and sufficient for asymmetric Numb localisation and segregation; however, correct localisation of Miranda and Prospero requires additional sequences from aa540-578. The requirement for the resolution of distinct sibling neuronal fates appears to coincide with the region necessary and sufficient for Numb localisation (aa288-540). Our data suggest that apical localisation of the Inscuteable protein is a necessary prerequisite for all other aspects of its function. Finally, we show that although inscuteable RNA is normally apically localised, RNA localisation is not required for protein localisation or any aspects of inscuteable function.

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O’Brien, Sharon, and Alessandra Rossetti. "Neural machine translation and the evolution of the localisation sector." Journal of Internationalization and Localization 7, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2020): 95–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jial.20005.obr.

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Abstract The localisation sector is highly technologized and evolves rapidly. Though significant consideration has been given to third-level training in localisation for Translation Studies students, the nature of the industry is such that this topic demands regular attention. Our objective was to survey employees and executive managers to understand what impact recent technological developments, including but not limited to neural machine translation (NMT), might have on future skills and training requirements for localisation linguists. Our findings are that linguists in localisation take up a variety of roles, including transcreation, data mining, and project and vendor management. NMT is considered an important advancement, and its introduction has emphasised the need for a critical use of technology, while opening new career pathways, such as data curation and annotation. Domain specialisation is recommended for those who translate, and transferable soft skills are more essential than ever. Increased industry and interdisciplinary collaborations in training are also considered valuable.

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Anteghini, Marco, Vitor Martins dos Santos, and Edoardo Saccenti. "In-Pero: Exploiting Deep Learning Embeddings of Protein Sequences to Predict the Localisation of Peroxisomal Proteins." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 6409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126409.

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Peroxisomes are ubiquitous membrane-bound organelles, and aberrant localisation of peroxisomal proteins contributes to the pathogenesis of several disorders. Many computational methods focus on assigning protein sequences to subcellular compartments, but there are no specific tools tailored for the sub-localisation (matrix vs. membrane) of peroxisome proteins. We present here In-Pero, a new method for predicting protein sub-peroxisomal cellular localisation. In-Pero combines standard machine learning approaches with recently proposed multi-dimensional deep-learning representations of the protein amino-acid sequence. It showed a classification accuracy above 0.9 in predicting peroxisomal matrix and membrane proteins. The method is trained and tested using a double cross-validation approach on a curated data set comprising 160 peroxisomal proteins with experimental evidence for sub-peroxisomal localisation. We further show that the proposed approach can be easily adapted (In-Mito) to the prediction of mitochondrial protein localisation obtaining performances for certain classes of proteins (matrix and inner-membrane) superior to existing tools.

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Jalal, Nour Aldeen, Herag Arabian, Tamer Abdulbaki Alshirbaji, Paul D. Docherty, Thomas Neumuth, and Knut Moeller. "Analysing attention convolutional neural network for surgical tool localisation: a feasibility study." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 8, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 548–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2022-1140.

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Abstract Image-based surgical tool localisation and detection play an important role in developing intelligent systems for operating theatres of the future. In literature, proposed approaches require large amounts of data that are fully annotated with tool positions in the image. In this paper, a deep learning framework, trained on binary tool presence, was evaluated for surgical tool localisation in laparoscopic images. Gradient class activation maps (Grad-CAMs) were extracted from an attention-CNN model. The Grad-CAMs were then processed to generate bounding boxes over the surgical tools. Experimental results showed better performance of the attention-CNN compared to the base CNN model with mean tool localisation precision of 72.4% and 28.3%, respectively. These results show the potential of using attention modules to improve tool localisation in laparoscopic images.

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Seno, Aldyandra Hami, and Ferri M. H. Aliabadi. "A Comparative Study of Impact Localisation in Composite Structures Using Neural Networks under Environmental and Operational Variations." Key Engineering Materials 827 (December 2019): 410–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.827.410.

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In this study we compare the effectiveness of the Normalised Smoothed Envelope (NSET) method for Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based impact localisation under simulated environmental and operational conditions with respect to other ANN based localisation methods developed by other studies. It is shown that when the testing and training impact case is the same, most studies give comparably good accuracy of localisation irrespective of feature extraction method or structure geometry. However, when the testing and training impact cases are not the same, only the NSET method is able to negate the variations caused by various impact cases and provide good localisation accuracy for an ANN trained using only a single impact case thus allowing for smaller training data set size requirements and increasing feasibility for real life application.

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Neuland, Renata, Mathias Mantelli, Bernardo Hummes, Luc Jaulin, Renan Maffei, Edson Prestes, and Mariana Kolberg. "Robust Hybrid Interval-Probabilistic Approach for the Kidnapped Robot Problem." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 29, no. 02 (April 2021): 313–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488521500141.

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For a mobile robot to operate in its environment it is crucial to determine its position with respect to an external reference frame using noisy sensor readings. A scenario in which the robot is moved to another position during its operation without being told, known as the kidnapped robot problem, complicates global localisation. In addition to that, sensor malfunction and external influences of the environment can cause unexpected errors, called outliers, that negatively affect the localisation process. This paper proposes a method based on the fusion of a particle filter with bounded-error localisation, which is able to deal with outliers in the measurement data. The application of our algorithm to solve the kidnapped robot problem using simulated data shows an improvement over conventional probabilistic filtering methods.

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Lladó, Pedro, Petteri Hyvärinen, and Ville Pulkki. "Auditory model-based estimation of the effect of head-worn devices on frontal horizontal localisation." Acta Acustica 6 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2021056.

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Auditory localisation accuracy may be degraded when a head-worn device (HWD), such as a helmet or hearing protector, is used. A computational method is proposed in this study for estimating how horizontal plane localisation is impaired by a HWD through distortions of interaural cues. Head-related impulse responses (HRIRs) of different HWDs were measured with a KEMAR and a binaural auditory model was used to compute interaural cues from HRIR-convolved noise bursts. A shallow neural network (NN) was trained with data from a subjective listening experiment, where horizontal plane localisation was assessed while wearing different HWDs. Interaural cues were used as features to estimate perceived direction and position uncertainty (standard deviation) of a sound source in the horizontal plane with the NN. The NN predicted the position uncertainty of localisation among subjects for a given HWD with an average estimation error of 1°. The obtained results suggest that it is possible to predict the degradation of localisation ability for specific HWDs in the frontal horizontal plane using the method.

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Wilding, Martin, Katalin Török, and Michael Whitaker. "Activation-dependent and activation-independent localisation of calmodulin to the mitotic apparatus during the first cell cycle of the Lytechinus piçtus embryo." Zygote 3, no. 3 (August 1995): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400002616.

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SummaryWe have used confocal microscopy and a fluorescent calmodulin probe to examine the mechanism of localisation of calmodulin during the first cell cycle of the sea urchin zygote. Using fluoresceincalmodulin, calmodulin can be observed within the nucleus and interphase astral microtubule arrays as cells approach mitosis. During mitosis, calmodulin redistributes to the mitotic apparatus and to condensed chromosomes. Quantitative analysis with reference to a control dye (fluorescein-dextran) shows that the distribution of calmodulin is specific. We used a competitive inhibitor of calcium-dependent calmodulin binding (Trp-peptide; Török & Trentham (1994) Biochemistry 33, 12807–20) to test whether the cell cycle localisation of calmodulin was due to its binding to targets on activation. The Trp-peptide eliminates localisation of calmodulin within the nucleus. However, microtubule localisation persists in the presence of the Trp-peptide. These data show that calmodulin can localise by calcium (and hence activation)-dependent as well as calcium-independent mechanisms. This suggests that distinct mechanisms of localisation may be involved in the regulation of the differential functions of calmodulin, at least during the cell cycle.

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McLachlan, Glen, Piotr Majdak, Jonas Reijniers, and Herbert Peremans. "Towards modelling active sound localisation based on Bayesian inference in a static environment." Acta Acustica 5 (2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2021039.

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Over the decades, Bayesian statistical inference has become a staple technique for modelling human multisensory perception. Many studies have successfully shown how sensory and prior information can be combined to optimally interpret our environment. Because of the multiple sound localisation cues available in the binaural signal, sound localisation models based on Bayesian inference are a promising way of explaining behavioural human data. An interesting aspect is the consideration of dynamic localisation cues obtained through self-motion. Here we provide a review of the recent developments in modelling dynamic sound localisation with a particular focus on Bayesian inference. Further, we describe a theoretical Bayesian framework capable to model dynamic and active listening situations in humans in a static auditory environment. In order to demonstrate its potential in future implementations, we provide results from two examples of simplified versions of that framework.

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Shalal, Nagham, Tobias Low, Cheryl McCarthy, and Nigel Hancock. "Orchard mapping and mobile robot localisation using on-board camera and laser scanner data fusion – Part B: Mapping and localisation." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 119 (November 2015): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.09.026.

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Radanovic, M., K. Khoshelham, and C. Fraser. "VIRTUAL ELEMENT RETRIEVAL IN MIXED REALITY." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-4-2022 (May 18, 2022): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-4-2022-227-2022.

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Abstract. The application of mixed reality visualisation in construction engineering requires accurate placement and retrieval of virtual models within the real world, which depends on the localisation accuracy. However, it is hard to understand what this means practically from localisation accuracy alone. For example, when we superimpose a Building Information Model (BIM) over the real building, it is unclear how well does a BIM element fit the real one and how small a BIM element are we able to retrieve. In this paper, we evaluate virtual element retrieval by designing an experiment where we attempt to retrieve a set of cubes of different sizes placed in both the real and the virtual world. Furthermore, inspired by existing camera localisation methods for indoor MR being almost exclusively image-based, we use a localisation approach based solely on 3D-3D model registration. The approach is based on the automated registration of a low-density mesh model of the surroundings created by the MR device to the existing point cloud of an indoor environment. We develop a prototype and perform experiments on real-world data which show high localisation accuracy, with average translation and rotation errors of 1.4 cm and 0.24°, respectively. Finally, we show that the success rate of virtual element retrieval is closely related to the localisation accuracy.

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Kim, Hyeong‐Pil, Gwon‐Gyu Jin, and Jong‐Hoon Won. "GNSS cloud‐data processing technique for jamming detection, identification, and localisation." IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation 14, no. 8 (June 30, 2020): 1143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2019.0518.

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Bellmann, Anne, Stéphanie Clarke, Michela Adriani, Philippe Maeder, Reto Meuli, Eleonora Fornari, Jean-Philippe Thiran, Giovanni Foletti, and Jean-Guy Villemure. "Auditory localisation in patients with right hemispherectomy: performance and fMRI data." NeuroImage 13, no. 6 (June 2001): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(01)92203-7.

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Henson, Richard N., Elias Mouchlianitis, and Karl J. Friston. "MEG and EEG data fusion: Simultaneous localisation of face-evoked responses." NeuroImage 47, no. 2 (August 2009): 581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.063.

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Henson, RN, E. Mouchlianitis, and KJ Friston. "MEG and EEG data fusion: simultaneous localisation of face-evoked responses." NeuroImage 47 (July 2009): S167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71783-5.

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Rossy, Jérémie, Edward Cohen, Katharina Gaus, and Dylan M. Owen. "Method for co-cluster analysis in multichannel single-molecule localisation data." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 141, no. 6 (March 19, 2014): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-014-1208-z.

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Yu, Yue, Ruizhi Chen, Zuoya Liu, Guangyi Guo, Feng Ye, and Liang Chen. "Wi-Fi Fine Time Measurement: Data Analysis and Processing for Indoor Localisation." Journal of Navigation 73, no. 5 (May 4, 2020): 1106–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463320000193.

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Indoor positioning systems have received increasing attention for supporting location-based services in indoor environments. Wi-Fi based indoor localisation has become attractive due to its extensive distribution and low cost properties. IEEE 802.11-2016 now includes a Wi-Fi Fine Time Measurement (FTM) protocol which can be used for Wi-Fi ranging between intelligent terminal and Wi-Fi access point. This paper introduces a framework of Wi-Fi FTM data acquisition and processing that can be used for indoor localisation. We analyse the main factors that affect the accuracy of Wi-Fi ranging and propose a calibration, filtering and modelling algorithm that can effectively reduce the ranging error caused by clock deviation, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and multipath propagation. Experimental results show that the proposed calibration and filtering method is able to achieve metre-level ranging accuracy in case of line-of-sight by using large bandwidth. Estimation results also show that the proposed Wi-Fi ranging model provides an accurate ranging performance in NLOS and multipath contained indoor environment; the final positioning error is less than 2·2 m with a stable output frequency of 3 Hz.

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Eriksson, Rikard, Urban Lindgren, and Gunnar Malmberg. "Agglomeration Mobility: Effects of Localisation, Urbanisation, and Scale on Job Changes." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 40, no. 10 (October 2008): 2419–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a39312.

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Following increased attention being paid to the importance of labour-market processes in relation to knowledge diffusion and learning, this study addresses the influence of agglomeration economies (localisation, urbanisation, and scale) on the propensity to change jobs between and within local labour markets. From the use of longitudinal individual data (1990–2002), controlling for factors such as age, sex, income, and social relations, the results show that the composition of regional economies influences labour-market dynamism. We identify two cases of intraregional agglomeration mobility, that is, positive effects on job mobility, due to the concentration of similar activities (localisation economies) and the size of the labour market (urbanisation economies). The results also show that localisation economies compensate for regional structural disadvantages connected to small population numbers, as localisation effects in small regions have a significantly positive effect on intraregional job-mobility rates, even compared with localisation effects in large and diversified metropolitan areas. The results indicate that the concentration of similar activities may be useful for small regions, if high levels of job mobility are crucial for the transfer of knowledge and the performance of firms.

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Solodova, Rozaliia F., Vladimir V. Galatenko, Eldar R. Nakashidze, Sergey G. Shapovalyants, Igor L. Andreytsev, Mikhail E. Sokolov, and Vladimir E. Podolskii. "Instrumental Mechanoreceptoric Palpation in Gastrointestinal Surgery." Minimally Invasive Surgery 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6481856.

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Background and Aims. Small gastric or colorectal tumours can be visually undetectable during laparoscopic surgeries, and available methods still do not provide a 100% localisation rate. Thus, new methods for further improvements in tumour localisation are highly desirable. In this study, we evaluated the usage of the Medical Tactile Endosurgical Complex (MTEC) in gastrointestinal surgery for localisation of tumours. The MTEC provides the possibility of instrumental mechanoreceptoric palpation, which serves as an analogue of conventional manual palpation.Methods. Ninety-six elective surgeries were performed, including 48 open surgeries, 43 laparoscopies, and 5 robot-assisted surgeries. The 20 mm version of the MTEC tactile mechanoreceptor was used in open surgeries, and the 10 mm version in laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgeries.Results. The mean time of instrumental mechanoreceptoric palpation was 3 minutes 12 seconds for open surgeries, which constituted the early stage of the learning curve, and 3 minutes 34 seconds for laparoscopic surgeries. No side effects or postoperative complications related to instrumental mechanoreceptoric palpation were observed, and this procedure provided data sufficient for tumour localisation in more than 95% of cases.Conclusion. Instrumental mechanoreceptoric palpation performed using MTEC is a simple, safe, and reliable method for tumour localisation in gastrointestinal laparoscopic surgery.

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Leavesley, Amelia, Alexei Trundle, and Cathy Oke. "Cities and the SDGs: Realities and possibilities of local engagement in global frameworks." Ambio 51, no. 6 (March 4, 2022): 1416–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-022-01714-2.

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AbstractCity action is critical to achieving global visions for sustainability such as the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, SDG ‘localisation’ is complex procedure, with divergent outcomes depending on context and diverse city processes. This paper considers the operational challenges faced by city actors in taking on the SDGs, and subsequent implications for initiating local (and global) sustainability transitions. We analyse emergent approaches to SDG localisation within the Asia–Pacific, using a policy analysis framework (transition management) to assess transformation potential. We find that SDG localisation can influence urban sustainability, but effective implementation requires sufficient data, resourcing, and guidance—which are not readily, nor equally available to all city governments. City-to-city peer learning can accelerate SDG uptake, but realising the transformative ambition set out by the SDGs will require an approach to localisation that clearly demonstrates why and how any city government can and should engage with global sustainability frameworks.

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Kardelytė-Grinevičienė, Daiva. "Expression of localization in the translations of Georg Wenker’s fourth sentence." Lietuvių kalba, no. 13 (December 20, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2019.22482.

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This study examines the variation of the means of expressing localisation in different translations of one German sentence into Lithuanian. The main instrument of the analysis is one of the forty German sentences created in the 19th century by Georg Wenker, the pioneer of linguistic geography. The choice of this sentence was determined by its distinctiveness as it features specific characteristics of the Landmark and the interrelations between complex spatial scenes realised in it. The Lithuanian translations of the original German sentence were obtained by means of an electronic questionnaire. The goals of the study are to examine the inventory of the means of expressing localisation with respect to the parameter of the translator’s dialect and to verify the proposition made in prior studies of the Lithuanian translations of Wenker’s data that the variation of the means of expressing localisation is determined by the complex spatial scenes realised in the original sentence. A general evaluation of the newly acquired data and its analysis seems to confirm the proposition that the complex spatial scenes realised in the original sentence play a key role in determining the variation of the means of expressing localisation in the Lithuanian translations of Wenker’s fourth sentence. A comparison of the data acquired for the present study with the material obtained by Wenker in the 19th century leads to a conclusion that the linguistic inventory utilised to express spatial relations in the Lithuanian translations is essentially the same, i.e. Lithuanian prefers prepositional constructions as the prototypical means of rendering spatial relations. However, the newly obtained material contains more cases which indicate the possible influence of the translator’s dialect in the choice of the means of expressing localisation (cf. the use of the illative case, specific lexemes, etc.). In addition, the data collected for the present study also exhibits a greater variability of the means of expressing localisation used to refer specific spatial scenes. This could have been determined by the factor of subjectivity, namely, by the tendency of the respondents of this study to interpret the original sentence with greater freedom in comparison to its interpretation by the participants of Wenker’s study.

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Gupta, Ashish, Huan Chang, and Alper Yilmaz. "GPS-DENIED GEO-LOCALISATION USING VISUAL ODOMETRY." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-3 (June 3, 2016): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-iii-3-263-2016.

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The primary method for geo-localization is based on GPS which has issues of localization accuracy, power consumption, and unavailability. This paper proposes a novel approach to geo-localization in a GPS-denied environment for a mobile platform. Our approach has two principal components: public domain transport network data available in GIS databases or OpenStreetMap; and a trajectory of a mobile platform. This trajectory is estimated using visual odometry and 3D view geometry. The transport map information is abstracted as a graph data structure, where various types of roads are modelled as graph edges and typically intersections are modelled as graph nodes. A search for the trajectory in real time in the graph yields the geo-location of the mobile platform. Our approach uses a simple visual sensor and it has a low memory and computational footprint. In this paper, we demonstrate our method for trajectory estimation and provide examples of geolocalization using public-domain map data. With the rapid proliferation of visual sensors as part of automated driving technology and continuous growth in public domain map data, our approach has the potential to completely augment, or even supplant, GPS based navigation since it functions in all environments.

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Gupta, Ashish, Huan Chang, and Alper Yilmaz. "GPS-DENIED GEO-LOCALISATION USING VISUAL ODOMETRY." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-3 (June 3, 2016): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iii-3-263-2016.

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The primary method for geo-localization is based on GPS which has issues of localization accuracy, power consumption, and unavailability. This paper proposes a novel approach to geo-localization in a GPS-denied environment for a mobile platform. Our approach has two principal components: public domain transport network data available in GIS databases or OpenStreetMap; and a trajectory of a mobile platform. This trajectory is estimated using visual odometry and 3D view geometry. The transport map information is abstracted as a graph data structure, where various types of roads are modelled as graph edges and typically intersections are modelled as graph nodes. A search for the trajectory in real time in the graph yields the geo-location of the mobile platform. Our approach uses a simple visual sensor and it has a low memory and computational footprint. In this paper, we demonstrate our method for trajectory estimation and provide examples of geolocalization using public-domain map data. With the rapid proliferation of visual sensors as part of automated driving technology and continuous growth in public domain map data, our approach has the potential to completely augment, or even supplant, GPS based navigation since it functions in all environments.

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Jabeen, Fauzia, Mohd Nishat Faisal, and Marios Katsioloudes. "Localisation in an emerging Gulf economy." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 37, no. 2 (March 14, 2018): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-02-2017-0045.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to understand Emirati nationals’ perceptions of the role of workforce localisation policies in their professional aspirations and growth and, second, to determine the role of higher education and job attributes in the achievement of their goals. The study uses a hierarchy-based model/road map to improve localisation efforts by attempting to aid understanding of the relationships and barriers hindering these processes. Design/methodology/approach The study follows a two-stage process. In the first stage, a questionnaire-based survey was administered to 207 Emirati postgraduate students from public and private universities based in two major Emirates: Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The sample data were analysed by basic descriptive statistics in the form of cross-relationships and rank correlation tests. In the second stage, an interpretive structural modelling approach was used to develop a hierarchy-based structural model of the barriers to localisation. Findings Emiratis younger than 30 years old consider localisation as an enabling factor in their professional success in contrast to those older than 30 years old. The results also indicate that working female Emiratis have significantly more positive attitudes regarding the contribution of localisation towards their professional success than that of their male counterparts. However, both genders see a mismatch in efforts being made to better equip themselves for the workplace. The hierarchy-based model delineates variables that could contribute to making localisation a successful employment programme in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Research limitations The findings of this study relate to the UAE. However, there are similar localisation programmes that have been implemented in other Gulf Cooperation Council states. Hence, while the results of this study are relevant to the UAE, they may not be generalisable to the entire Gulf region. Practical implications It is proposed that the research findings and the structural model of relationships may help policy makers develop suitable strategies to strengthen the Emirati localisation programme. Originality/value This study makes a contribution to the literature and can serve as a guide to policy makers for localisation programmes. This is achieved by analysing the attitude of UAE nationals studying at higher education institutions. Furthermore, the study presents a hierarchy-based model of the barriers to localisation that explains the root causes of the problem.

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Kim, Hyun-Don, Kazunori Komatani, Tetsuya Ogata, and Hiroshi G. Okuno. "Binaural Active Audition for Humanoid Robots to Localise Speech over Entire Azimuth Range." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 6, no. 3-4 (2009): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/817874.

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We applied motion theory to robot audition to improve the inadequate performance. Motions are critical for overcoming the ambiguity and sparseness of information obtained by two microphones. To realise this, we first designed a sound source localisation system integrated with cross-power spectrum phase (CSP) analysis and an EM algorithm. The CSP of sound signals obtained with only two microphones was used to localise the sound source without having to measure impulse response data. The expectation-maximisation (EM) algorithm helped the system to cope with several moving sound sources and reduce localisation errors. We then proposed a way of constructing a database for moving sounds to evaluate binaural sound source localisation. We evaluated our sound localisation method using artificial moving sounds and confirmed that it could effectively localise moving sounds slower than 1.125 rad/s. Consequently, we solved the problem of distinguishing whether sounds were coming from the front or rear by rotating and/or tipping the robot's head that was equipped with only two microphones. Our system was applied to a humanoid robot called SIG2, and we confirmed its ability to localise sounds over the entire azimuth range as the success rates for sound localisation in the front and rear areas were 97.6% and 75.6% respectively.

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Jakimiuk, A., P. Podlasz, M. Chmielewska-Krzesinska, and K. Wasowicz. "Characterisation, localisation and expression of porcine TACR1, TACR2 and TACR3 genes." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 8 (August 24, 2017): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/23/2017-vetmed.

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Substance P is involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. This functional diversity is mediated by three neurokinin receptor subtypes (NK1R, NK2R and NK3R) encoded by the TACR1, TACR2 and TACR3 genes, respectively. Despite the increasing interest in using pigs (Sus scrofa) to study human disease mechanisms, the sequences of these receptors are still unconfirmed or in the case of the NK1 receptor, not yet even unpredicted. We employed in silico analysis to define the localisation of the porcine tachykinin receptor genes, and to predict the structures and amino acid sequences of the respective proteins. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was performed to analyse the expression of tachykinin receptor genes in different porcine tissues. The data show that the TACR1 gene is located on chromosome 3, TACR2 on chromosome 14 and TACR3 on chromosome 8. All three genes encode proteins with structures that incorporate features of G-protein-coupled receptors with sizes of 407, 381 and 464 amino acids, respectively. The receptors display a high degree of similarity to other mammalian neurokinin receptors. The NK1R subtype is expressed in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, while NK2R expression seems to be localised mostly to peripheral tissues. The expression of NK3R is found mainly in the central nervous system. This report provides for the first time the results of a comprehensive analysis of the structure and distribution of porcine NK1R, as well as other porcine neurokinin receptors and their genes. We hope that our data may offer an invaluable foundation for the future studies on the function of diverse tachykinin peptides in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues.

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Rosmorduc, V., T. Jolibois, and O. Lauret. "Lively data: discover, browse and access ocean altimetry data on internet." Advances in Geosciences 8 (June 6, 2006): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-8-79-2006.

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Abstract. The Products and Services (P&S) department in the Space Oceanography Division at CLS (Collecte, Localisation, Satellites) is in charge of distributing and promoting altimetry and operational oceanography data. The department is thus involved in the Aviso satellite altimetry project (the French service which distributes altimetry products since 1992), in the Mercator ocean operational forecasting system, and in the European Godae/Mersea ocean portal. Aiming to a standardisation and a common vision and management of all these ocean data, all these projects, led to the implementation of several Opendap/LAS Internet servers (Baudel et al., 2004). Some of the possibilities of the tools, as well as how-to information will be highlighted, as they are in the "Lively data'' section of Aviso website (see http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/html/donnees/las/). Moreover, with a two-year experience we now have some feedback and analysis of how people – users, would-be users and students alike – are using this tool, some ideas for possible enhancements, etc.

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Tibebu, Haileleol, Varuna De-Silva, Corentin Artaud, Rafael Pina, and Xiyu Shi. "Towards Interpretable Camera and LiDAR Data Fusion for Autonomous Ground Vehicles Localisation." Sensors 22, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 8021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22208021.

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Recent deep learning frameworks draw strong research interest in application of ego-motion estimation as they demonstrate a superior result compared to geometric approaches. However, due to the lack of multimodal datasets, most of these studies primarily focused on single-sensor-based estimation. To overcome this challenge, we collect a unique multimodal dataset named LboroAV2 using multiple sensors, including camera, light detecting and ranging (LiDAR), ultrasound, e-compass and rotary encoder. We also propose an end-to-end deep learning architecture for fusion of RGB images and LiDAR laser scan data for odometry application. The proposed method contains a convolutional encoder, a compressed representation and a recurrent neural network. Besides feature extraction and outlier rejection, the convolutional encoder produces a compressed representation, which is used to visualise the network’s learning process and to pass useful sequential information. The recurrent neural network uses this compressed sequential data to learn the relationship between consecutive time steps. We use the Loughborough autonomous vehicle (LboroAV2) and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Institute (KITTI) Visual Odometry (VO) datasets to experiment and evaluate our results. In addition to visualising the network’s learning process, our approach provides superior results compared to other similar methods. The code for the proposed architecture is released in GitHub and accessible publicly.

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EL Najjar, Maan E., and Philippe Bonnifait. "INTELLIGENT VEHICLE ABSOLUTE LOCALISATION METHOD USING GIS INFORMATION A DATA FUSION APPROACH." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 38, no. 1 (2005): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20050703-6-cz-1902.02079.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Data localisation'

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