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1
Hamasha, Abed Al-Hadi, Mansour Ali Al Qudah, Anwar Barakat Bataineh, and Rima Ahmad Safadi. "Reasons for Third Molar Teeth Extraction in Jordanian Adults." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 7, no. 5 (2006): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-7-5-88.
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Abstract Aims To assess reasons for third molar teeth extractions in a sample of Jordanian dental patients and to evaluate the association of extractions with other independent variables. Methods and Materials The study sample was comprised of dental patients in North Jordan who had third molar extractions. Data were collected from 36 dentists who were instructed to administer questionnaires to their adult patients undergoing third molar extractions and then to record the primary reason for those extractions. The data in this study was analyzed using a descriptive summary and chi square statistics. Results Dentists performed 810 extractions for 648 patients. The reasons for the extractions were: dental caries and its consequences about 42%, eruption problems 39%, periodontal diseases about 7%, and approximately 9% of extractions were a result of the dentist.s choice. The percentage of extractions due to dental caries significantly increased with increasing age. However, significant numbers of teeth were extracted due to eruption problems (51%-69%) in young adults. For 46+ year olds, 23% of extractions were caused by periodontal diseases. Extraction due to dental caries was distributed equally among the sexes. Persons with irregular tooth brushing and fewer dental visits had significantly more third molar teeth extracted due to caries and periodontal diseases compared to persons with regular tooth brushing and dental visits. Citation Hamasha AA, Al Qudah MA, Bataineh AB, Safadi RA. Reasons for Third Molar Teeth Extraction in Jordanian Adults. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:088-095.
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Brown, Ron H., and Irene Mueller-harvey. "Evaluation of the Novel Soxflo Technique for Rapid Extraction of Crude Fat in Foods and Animal Feeds." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 6 (November 1, 1999): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.6.1369.
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Abstract The new Soxflo instrument was evaluated for the determination of crude fat in foods and animal feeds. Samples are packed into small columns and extracted with petroleum ether at room temperature. The Soxflo yielded accurate data from foods, ranging from 0.4 to 73.2% crude fat, compared with Soxhlet extractions and Certified Reference Materials, for which recoveries averaged 99.7 and 100.7%, respectively. Relative standard deviations (1.81 %) were approximately half those of Soxhlet extractions (3.68%). Regression analysis of the data suggested that there was no proportional bias. A small but acceptable constant bias was measured. Soxflo extractions are easy to perform and take approximately 1 h to complete. The main difference between the Soxflo and Soxhlet techniques lies in the extraction procedure. Estimated savings during extractions are in time (85% reduction), energy (95%), cooling water (100%), and solvents (50%). Soxflo extractions are, therefore, more environmentally friendly than Soxhlet extractions.
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Manya Suresh, Dhanraj Ganapathy, and Nivethigaa B. "Prevalence of full mouth extraction among patients visiting a dental college - A retrospective analysis." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 25, 2020): 660–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4014.
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Extraction of teeth is one of the most common procedures carried out in dental clinics. This study was done to assess the prevalence of full mouth extraction among patients visiting a dental college. A review of the records of patients who had undergone tooth extraction in Saveetha Dental College between June 2019 to March 2020 was retrieved. Data was then analyzed for patients who had undergone full mouth extractions. Data was cross-tabulated based on gender. A total of 4539 patients had undergone extractions. Most of the patients were above the age of 40. There was a slightly higher predilection of males who had undergone extractions compared to females. 2.8% of the population had undergone full mouth extraction. Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that the prevalence of full mouth extraction cases in a dental college in Chennai was minimal, with a slightly higher predilection towards males.
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Pujara, Jay, Hui Miao, Lise Getoor, and William W. Cohen. "Using Semantics and Statistics to Turn Data into Knowledge." AI Magazine 36, no. 1 (March 25, 2015): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v36i1.2568.
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Many information extraction and knowledge base construction systems are addressing the challenge of deriving knowledge from text. A key problem in constructing these knowledge bases from sources like the web is overcoming the erroneous and incomplete information found in millions of candidate extractions. To solve this problem, we turn to semantics — using ontological constraints between candidate facts to eliminate errors. In this article, we represent the desired knowledge base as a knowledge graph and introduce the problem of knowledge graph identification, collectively resolving the entities, labels, and relations present in the knowledge graph. Knowledge graph identification requires reasoning jointly over millions of extractions simultaneously, posing a scalability challenge to many approaches. We use probabilistic soft logic (PSL), a recently-introduced statistical relational learning framework, to implement an efficient solution to knowledge graph identification and present state-of-the-art results for knowledge graph construction while performing an order of magnitude faster than competing methods.
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Cahen, P. M., R. M. Frank, and J. C. Turlot. "A Survey of the Reasons for Dental Extractions in France." Journal of Dental Research 64, no. 8 (August 1985): 1087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345850640081401.
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3516 French dentists, selected at random, were asked to record every tooth they extracted during January, 1984. They were also asked to give the reason for extraction in each case. These were assigned to eight groups: caries, periodontal diseases, eruption problems, prosthetics, trauma, orthodontics, occlusal problems, and other reasons. Data were received from 910 dentists (25.3%) relating to a total of 14,621 extractions. Overall, caries was the most frequent cause for extraction (49%), followed by periodontal diseases (32.4%) and orthodontics (8.4%). In the age group under 50, dental caries was the main reason for extraction. However, in the age group over 50, periodontal diseases became the principal reason for extraction. Orthodontic extractions were most prominent in the 6-12 and 13-20 age groups, with respective frequencies of 72.6% and 24.8% of all extractions. Eruption problems contributed most frequently in the 13-20 and 21-30 age groups, their respective percentages being 8.7% and 12.3%. Extractions resulting from trauma were most frequently noted in the under-6 age group (frequency of 8.8%). As far as the type of tooth was concerned, first and second molars taken together made up 29.6% of extractions These were followed by pre-molars, anterior teeth, and third molars at levels of 25.8%, 29.9%, and 14.7%, respectively. The teeth most frequently extracted because of caries were the molars (40.9%); because of periodontal disease, the anteriors (49.1%); and, for prosthetic reasons, again the anteriors (57.5%). Extractions from the various regions of France showed important variations. Percentage frequencies for caries and periodontal extractions were inversely linked.
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Brunello, Giulia, Marleen De Biagi, Giulia Crepaldi, Fernanda Izaura Rodrigues, and Stefano Sivolella. "An Observational Cohort Study on Delayed-Onset Infections after Mandibular Third-Molar Extractions." International Journal of Dentistry 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1435348.
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Objectives. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the occurrence and clinical features of delayed-onset infections after mandibular third-molar extractions. Method and Materials. An observational cohort study was conducted on 179 patients undergoing mandibular third-molar extraction between January 2013 and December 2015, for a total of 217 extractions. Data were recorded at the time of extraction (T0), on suture removal seven days later (T1), and 30 days after the extraction, when patients were contacted and asked about their healing process (T2). The statistical analysis was performed with nonparametric tests. A p value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Eight delayed-onset infections were recorded, amounting to 3.7% of all extractions. The median time elapsing from the extraction to the delayed-onset infection was 35 days (IQR 28–40; min 24–max 49). Younger age and longer surgical procedures seemed to be more often associated with this complication. Conclusion. Delayed-onset infections after third-molar extractions are relatively rare postoperative complications characterized by a swelling, usually with a purulent discharge. Patients should be informed of this possibility, which might develop even several weeks after the extraction.
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Yue Yi, Elaine Kueh, Annabelle Lai Siew Ying, Mandakini Mohan, and Rohit Kunnath Menon. "Prevalence of Postoperative Infection after Tooth Extraction: A Retrospective Study." International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (June 8, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6664311.
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The aim of the study was to identify the postoperative infection rates after tooth extraction in a university dental clinic and to identify the factors associated with an increased risk for postoperative infection. A retrospective study of case records of patients who underwent tooth extractions at the International Medical University’s Oral Health Centre (IMU-OHC) over a span of 6 years was conducted. Data on demography, patient-related factors, and treatment-related factors were extracted from the case records. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the odds ratio of a patient having a postoperative infection or not, comparing it with each variable. A total of 1821 extractions, including simple and complex extractions, were performed over 6 years. Only 25 (1.4%) of the cases were reported to have a postoperative infection. The complexity of the extraction was the only variable that significantly affected the occurrence of postoperative infection after extraction; more complex extractions were reported with higher rates of infection (binary logistic regression, OR = 2.03, p = 0.004). None of the other factors, including antibiotic prescription, had a significant influence on the occurrence of postoperative infection. The prevalence of postoperative infection after dental extractions was low in IMU-OHC, and prescribing antibiotics had no added advantage in the prevention of postoperative infection.
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Besançon, Clémence, Camille Chautard, Catherine Beaucaire, Sébastien Savoye, Paul Sardini, Martine Gérard, and Michael Descostes. "The Role of Barite in the Post-Mining Stabilization of Radium-226: A Modeling Contribution for Sequential Extractions." Minerals 10, no. 6 (May 29, 2020): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10060497.
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Barite is ubiquitous and known to incorporate 226Ra through the formation of a solid-solution. In U mining mill tailings, barite is one of the dominant sulfate-binding minerals. In such environments, sequential extractions are generally used to identify the U- and 226Ra-binding phases and their associated reactivity. To better decipher the main processes governing the behavior of 226Ra during such sequential extractions, a geochemical model was developed with PHREEQC mimicking the sequential extraction of U and 226Ra from Bois-Noirs Limouzat U mine tailings, France. The model results were compared with a dataset produced by an experimental sequential extraction from the same mine tailings and including data on the solids and selective extraction results with the major elements, U and 226Ra. The simulations reproduced the results of the experimental chemical extractions accurately, with iron oxyhydroxides being the major U binding phase. However, the modeling indicated rather that barite would be the main 226Ra binding phase, instead of the iron oxyhydroxides identified by the experimental extractions. This is consistent with the 226Ra concentration measured in pore water, but in disagreement with the direct interpretation of the sequential extractions. The direct interpretation disregarded the role of barite in the geochemical behavior of 226Ra because barite was not specifically targeted by any of the extraction steps. However, the modeling showed that the dissolution of 226Ra-binding barite by reactants would lead to a 226Ra redistribution among the clay minerals, resulting in a skew in the experimental results. Similar results were achieved by referring simply to the bulk mineralogy of the tailings. This study highlights the importance of considering the mineralogy, mineral reactivity and retention capacity for more realistic interpretation of sequential extractions. Moreover, this paper provides new perspectives on the long-term consequences of these mill tailings in which barite controls the geochemical behavior of the 226Ra.
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Gassama, Omar, Ndeye Astou Faye, Abdoul Aziz Diouf, Mouhamadou Mansour Niang, Magatte Mbaye, Daouda Ndour, Marie Edouard Faye Dieme, et al. "Foetal instrumental extractions (IE) at the maternity at Nabil Choucair Health Center (Senegal) from 2005 to 2016: epidemio-clinical and prognostic aspects." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 2 (January 23, 2018): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180153.
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Background: The main objective was to take stock of practices on instrumental extractions at the maternity of Nabil Choucair Health Center.Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive study from 1 January 2005 to 31 April 2016. The collection was carried out through the data sheet completed on the basis of an analysis of files, the delivery register and the anaesthesia register of the operating room. The data was entered using the Sphinx software version 5 and the data analysis performed by Epi info version 3.5.Results: 240 instrumental extraction cases were compiled, and their frequency was 0.4%. The mean age of patients was 24.8 years. Obstetric vacuum was the most commonly used instrument (66.4%) and an episiotomy was performed in 73.6%. Maternal complications were dominated by simple perineal tears (6.2%).Conclusions: Instrumental extractions should be rehabilitated in our maternity facilities to combat the outbreak of the caesarean section. Instrumental extractions indications and techniques should be controlled to avoid complications
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Alsaegh, Mohammed Amjed, and Abdullah Wadullah Albadrani. "Pattern and Reasons for Permanent Tooth Extractions at Dental Clinics of the University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, UAE." Open Dentistry Journal 14, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210602014010143.
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Objectives: To evaluate the pattern and reasons for permanent tooth extractions in an adult patient seeking free dental care at clinics of the University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, UAE. Methods: The current retrospective study involved patients who had a dental extraction in the student dental clinics of the University of Science and Technology of Fujairah. Data of 1000 randomly selected extractions were collected from the archive of the university dental clinics. Results: Males had more teeth extracted (88.3%) than females. The most frequent extraction (58.9%) was in individuals of 30-49 years old range. Dental caries was the major reason (44.6%) of extractions, followed by wisdom teeth related extraction (23.4%), periodontal disease (18.1), failure of endodontically treated teeth (8.7%), prosthetic reasons (2.6), orthodontic reasons (1.7%), and trauma (0.9%) respectively. The most extracted teeth were the maxillary posterior teeth (45.6%), followed by mandibular posterior teeth (38.2%); then, maxillary anterior teeth (8.8) and lastly, were the mandibular anterior teeth (7.4%). Caries was significantly more frequent in female gender (χ2= 250.126; p=.000), while the periodontal disease was more common in male gender (χ2 = 146.790; p=.000). Conclusion: Caries is the principal reason for tooth extractions, followed by wisdom teeth related problems and periodontal disease. There is an increasing percentage of tooth extraction due to periodontal disease with both aging and male gender. Caries was the more frequent reason for extraction in all quadrants, except the lower anterior teeth in which periodontal disease was the more frequent reason. Lastly, anterior teeth were retained in the oral cavity more than posterior teeth.
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Sbricoli, Luca, Alessia Cerrato, Anna Chiara Frigo, Gastone Zanette, and Christian Bacci. "Third Molar Extraction: Irrigation and Cooling with Water or Sterile Physiological Solution: A Double-Blind Randomized Study." Dentistry Journal 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj9040040.
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Background: The present study aimed to ascertain whether any significant reduction in patients’ postoperative pain and inflammation could be achieved by using sterile physiological solution instead of normal water to irrigate the surgical field and cool the dental bur during third molar extractions. Methods: The study concerned 22 patients (11 females and 11 males) in good general health, who were referred to the Dental Clinic at Padova University hospital for lower third molar extractions. They were randomly assigned to two groups. Only the fluid used to irrigate the surgical field and cool the dental bur differed between the two study groups, being sterile physiological solution for group A, and mains water for group B. Postoperative pain, swelling, trismus and inflammation with high sensitivity CRP where measured and statistically evaluated. The numerosity of our sample was calculated on the grounds of an endpoint based on data in the literature. Results: Eighteen patients needed bilateral extractions, and 4 required only one extraction, so a total of 40 third molars were extracted. A sterile physiological solution was used to irrigate the surgical field in 20 extractions, while water was used in the other 20 cases. Data analysis with Wilcoxon test show no differences between the two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: no differences between groups for any of the parameters considered, after third molar extraction procedures undertaken using either sterile physiological solution or water for irrigation and cooling purposes.
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Christensen, Ken Ramshøj, and Anne Mette Nyvad. "On the nature of escapable relative islands." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 37, no. 1 (May 2014): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586514000055.
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It is generally assumed that universal island constraints block extraction from relative clauses. However, it is well-known that such extractions can be acceptable in the Scandinavian languages. Kush & Lindahl (2011) argue that the acceptability in Swedish is illusory; relative clauses that allow extraction have a different structure (small clause structure) from those that block extraction (true relatives, CPs). We present data from an acceptability survey of relative clause extraction in Danish. In the survey, extraction significantly decreased acceptability but we found no statistically significant effect of the ability of the verb to take a small-clause complement. We also found no difference betweensom‘that/who/which’ andder‘that/who/which’, both of which can head a relative clause while onlysomcan head a small clause. We argue that our results do not warrant the stipulation of a structural contrast between acceptable and unacceptable extractions, and that variation in acceptability stems from processing.
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Yadav, Anirudh, and Aravind Karikal. "Reasons Underlying the Extraction of Permanent Teeth in Patients Attending A.B.S.M.I.D.S." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 06, no. 03 (September 2016): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708660.
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AbstractExtraction of permanent teeth is very common surgical procedure for all oral and maxillofacial surgeons. The study was undertaken to know the reason for teeth extraction and its association with age, gender and type of teeth removed. A prospective cross sectional survey was carried out in patients attending the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in A.B.S.M.I.D.S between July 2015 and August 2015. The data was collected and computer software SPSS 19 was used for statistical analysis. In this study a total of 372 extractions in 248 patients was included. The reasons for extraction were classified into caries, periodontal disease, orthodontic reasons, prosthodontic, trauma and others (patient request). Dental caries still remains the most common reason for teeth extraction followed by periodontal reasons. More number of teeth extractions is seen in the female patients as compared to the male.
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Kumar, Kumar. "Frequency of premolar teeth extractions for orthodontic treatment." Bioinformation 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 1080–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161080.
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It is of interest to evaluate the frequency of premolar extractions during orthodontic treatment in patients reporting to the Saveetha dental hospital in Chennai from 2019-2020. We used the records from 987 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment from June 2019 to March 2020 in a dental hospital for this analysis. Digital case records of patients who underwent therapeutic extractions of premolars were isolated. A sample dataset of 340 case records were selected for this study. Data shows that 34.4% of subjects underwent premolar extractions amongst a total of 987 subjects who underwent orthodontic treatment. 89.4% of patients were Angle’s Class I malocclusion patients, and the rest were Class II patients. However, no premolar extractions were done in Class III patients. Data also shows that 67.1% of subjects underwent all 4 first premolar extractions and 13.2% underwent only upper first premolar extractions. Thus, a significant association was found between Type of Malocclusion and the Type of premolar extractions with p < 0.05. Moreover, only 34.4% of patients underwent premolar extractions and the majority of them underwent all 4 first premolar extractions.
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Kumar, Kumar. "Frequency of premolar teeth extractions for orthodontic treatment." Bioinformation 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 1080–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161080.
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It is of interest to evaluate the frequency of premolar extractions during orthodontic treatment in patients reporting to the Saveetha dental hospital in Chennai from 2019-2020. We used the records from 987 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment from June 2019 to March 2020 in a dental hospital for this analysis. Digital case records of patients who underwent therapeutic extractions of premolars were isolated. A sample dataset of 340 case records were selected for this study. Data shows that 34.4% of subjects underwent premolar extractions amongst a total of 987 subjects who underwent orthodontic treatment. 89.4% of patients were Angle’s Class I malocclusion patients, and the rest were Class II patients. However, no premolar extractions were done in Class III patients. Data also shows that 67.1% of subjects underwent all 4 first premolar extractions and 13.2% underwent only upper first premolar extractions. Thus, a significant association was found between Type of Malocclusion and the Type of premolar extractions with p < 0.05. Moreover, only 34.4% of patients underwent premolar extractions and the majority of them underwent all 4 first premolar extractions.
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Mrozek, Dariusz, Tomasz Dąbek, and Bożena Małysiak-Mrozek. "Scalable Extraction of Big Macromolecular Data in Azure Data Lake Environment." Molecules 24, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010179.
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Calculation of structural features of proteins, nucleic acids, and nucleic acid-protein complexes on the basis of their geometries and studying various interactions within these macromolecules, for which high-resolution structures are stored in Protein Data Bank (PDB), require parsing and extraction of suitable data stored in text files. To perform these operations on large scale in the face of the growing amount of macromolecular data in public repositories, we propose to perform them in the distributed environment of Azure Data Lake and scale the calculations on the Cloud. In this paper, we present dedicated data extractors for PDB files that can be used in various types of calculations performed over protein and nucleic acids structures in the Azure Data Lake. Results of our tests show that the Cloud storage space occupied by the macromolecular data can be successfully reduced by using compression of PDB files without significant loss of data processing efficiency. Moreover, our experiments show that the performed calculations can be significantly accelerated when using large sequential files for storing macromolecular data and by parallelizing the calculations and data extractions that precede them. Finally, the paper shows how all the calculations can be performed in a declarative way in U-SQL scripts for Data Lake Analytics.
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Khalid, Ahsan, Zubair Hassan Awaisi, Muhammad Anas Sufian, Zainab Ahmed, Sameera Jamshed, and Umal Asim. "Frequency of Extractions in Various Skeletal Patterns in Orthodontic Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 10, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v10i3.35488.
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Introduction: When the 20th century started Orthodontics was first recognized as a science. The removal or extraction of teeth destroys the ideal esthetics and occlusion, which was the base of orthodontic treatment plans. Edward Hartley Angle and his followers were not supporters of extraction due to this reason. Extreme dental or maxillary protrusion leading to facial deformities could be corrected by dental extraction was supported by Calvin Case who was a strong opponent of the Angle., for mainly analyzing the frequency of use of orthodontic extractions after evaluating the changes in the use of extraction in past years. The frequency of extractions was examined in relation to gender and Angle’s malocclusion classification.
Materials and Method: This is a retrospective observational study. It was conducted in Orthodontics Department of Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, from 2015 to 2020. In this study records from 1032 patients who reported to orthodontic department in Nishtar institute of dentistry Multan for fixed orthodontic treatment were taken. For data registration SPSS 20 (IBM Chicago Illinois) was used. Frequency of extractions with regards to gender, skeletal pattern and types of extraction pattern was determined. In order to assess the association among variables Chi square test was applied and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.
Result: In respect of extraction group, 222 (41.3%) were males and 316 (58.7%) were female and whereas in nonextraction group, 83 (16.8%) were males and 411 (83.2%) were females. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The frequency of extraction in reference to Angle’s classification was analyzed, and no significant difference was found (p=0.992). Frequency of extraction was highest in class-II division-I malocclusion, and the lowest frequency of orthodontic tooth extraction was seen in class-II division-II malocclusion.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results of our study that females had higher frequency of extractions as compared to males. Similarly, class II malocclusion patients had highest frequency while lowest frequency was in Class I malocclusions.
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Fernández-Barrera, Miguel Ángel, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís, Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado, Martha Mendoza-Rodríguez, Mauricio Escoffié-Ramírez, Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado, José de Jesús Navarrete-Hernández, and Gerardo Maupomé. "Contribution of prosthetic treatment considerations for dental extractions of permanent teeth." PeerJ 4 (July 7, 2016): e2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2015.
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Background.Tooth loss is an easily identifiable outcome that summarizes a complex suite of factors in an individual’s history of dental disease and its treatment by dental services over a lifetime. Assessment of overall tooth loss data is essential for epidemiologically evaluating the adequacy of dental care provided at a systems level, as well as for placing in context tooth loss for non-disease causes. For example, when derived from prosthetic treatment planning, the latter may unfortunately lead to some teeth being extracted (pulled) for the sake of better comprehensive clinical results. The objective of the present manuscript was to identify the contribution to overall tooth loss, by extraction of permanent teeth because of prosthetic treatment reasons.Material and Methods.A cross-sectional study included sex, age, total number of extractions performed by subject, sextant (anterior vs. posterior), group of teeth (incisors, canines, premolars and molars), upper or lower arch, and the main reason underlying extraction (extraction for any reason vs. prosthetic treatment), in patients 18 years of age and older seeking care at a dental school clinic in Mexico. A multivariate logistic regression model was generated.Results.A total of 749 teeth were extracted in 331 patients; 161 teeth (21.5% of total) were extracted for explicit prosthetic treatment indications. As age increased, the likelihood of having an extraction for prosthetic reasons increased 3% (OR = 1.03,p< 0.001). Women (OR = 1.57,p< 0.05) were more likely to be in this situation, and molars (OR = 2.70,p< 0.001) were most at risk. As the total number of extractions increased, the risk of having an extraction for prosthetic reasons decreased (OR = 0.94,p< 0.05).Conclusions.A significant amount (21.5%) of the extractions of permanent teeth were performed for prosthetic reasons in this dental school clinical environment; age, sex, type of tooth, and the total number of extractions moderated such pattern.
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Santhosh Kumar M P, Arthi Balasubramaniam, Sushanthi Suresh, and Indumathy Pandiyan. "Prevalence of Hypertension among Dental Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: An Institutional Study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 21, 2020): 2092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4424.
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Diabetes mellitus and hypertension co-exists in many individuals as the pathogenic relationship between diabetes mellitus and hypertension is actually bidirectional. Extraction of teeth is a common procedure performed in Dentistry and the Co-existence of these systemic diseases in dental patients can cause many complications like delayed wound healing, infection or bleeding during dental extractions. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension among dental patients with diabetes mellitus in south Indian population. A retrospective study was conducted from the data of 6682 dental patients who visited the outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, for dental extractions due to various reasons during the time period from June 2019 – to March 2020. Patients data was retrieved from the institutional digital data registry and statistically analysed. Among 6682 patients who underwent extractions, 904 [13.5%] patients had diabetes mellitus. Among 904 patients with diabetes mellitus, 419 [46.3%] patients had hypertension. Prevalence of hypertension was more in males than females and the results were statistically not significant [p=0.062, (>0.05)]. Prevalence of hypertension was more in 41-50 years age group and the results were statistically significant. [p<0.001, (<0.05)]. According to our study, a high proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing dental extractions had hypertension which can cause increased morbidity and mortality. Males and patients belonging to fifth decade of life were more affected by both diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
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Suzuki, Seitaro, Naoki Sugihara, Hideyuki Kamijo, Manabu Morita, Takayuki Kawato, Midori Tsuneishi, Keita Kobayashi, Yoshihiro Hasuike, and Tamotsu Sato. "Self-Reported Diabetes Mellitus and Tooth Extraction Due to Periodontal Disease and Dental Caries in the Japanese Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 9024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179024.
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Diabetes mellitus is closely related to oral health. We aimed to determine the relationship between diabetes mellitus and tooth extraction due to periodontal disease and dental caries. Japan’s second nationwide survey data collected from 4 June to 10 June 2018 was used to identify reasons for tooth extraction among patients aged > 40 years. General dentists collected information on patients who underwent tooth extraction procedures, and the presence of diabetes mellitus was determined through interviews. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus and the reasons for tooth extraction, including periodontal disease and dental caries. In total, 2345 dentists responded to the survey (response rate 44.8%). We analyzed data on 4625 extracted teeth from 3750 patients (1815 males and 1935 females). Among patients with self-reported diabetes mellitus, 55.4% had extractions due to periodontal disease compared to 46.7% of such extractions among those without self-reported diabetes mellitus. Self-reported diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with tooth extraction due to periodontal disease. No significant differences were observed in dental caries according to self-reported diabetes mellitus status. This study provides further evidence of a significant association between diabetes mellitus and tooth extraction due to periodontal disease.
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Sovilj, Milan, and Branislava Barjaktarovic. "Kinetics of the extraction of pumpkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo L) by supercritical CO2." Chemical Industry 59, no. 9-10 (2005): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0510238s.
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This paper deals with the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of pumpkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo L). Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has been used to obtain total lipid extracts from other oilseeds, and it has also proved successful in the isolation and enrichment of sterols from oilseeds. The SFE of pumpkin seed oil on a laboratory scale was investigated in thus paper, with special interest in the influence of the extraction pressure on the overall yield of pumpkin seed oil. Extractions were carried out at the pressures of 15, 25 and 30 MPa and at 313 K, and at a pressure of 30 MPa and the temperatures 313, 323, and 333 K. The yield of the extractions conducted at 15 MPa was rather low, 0.1814 g oil per 1g of seed feed (18.4%) for an extraction time of 14 h. However, extractions at higher pressures yielded greater quantities of the oil; at 22.5 MPa for 9 h, 36.3% of the oil and at 30 MPa for 6 h, 41.0% of the oil. For comparison, hexane extraction of the seed material yielded less than 40% of the oil. Temperature did not influence the extraction yield. At a pressure of 30 MPa, the color of the fractions yielded during successive extraction time intervals varied greatly, from pail yellow (the first 2 h), through orange-yellow (from 2-4 h) to red (after 4 h). The experimental results of the oil yields were compared with the data obtained by the mathematical model of Hong et al., presented in the literature.
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Aljafar, Abdullah, Hassan Alibrahim, Ammar Alahmed, Ahmad AbuAli, Muhammad Nazir, Ahmed Alakel, and Khalid Almas. "Reasons for Permanent Teeth Extractions and Related Factors among Adult Patients in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia." Scientific World Journal 2021 (February 22, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5534455.
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Objective. To evaluate the reasons for permanent teeth extractions and related factors among adult patients visiting dental clinics in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods. This retrospective cross-sectional study included data of patients who underwent teeth extractions. Data were collected from public and private dental clinics in different cities of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (January–March 2020). The demographic information of patients and their reasons for teeth extractions were obtained from participating dentists. Results. The study included data of 696 patients with 55.9% of males and 44.1% of females. The mean number of teeth extractions in the sample was 1.86 ± 1.8, and it increased significantly with advancing age ( P ≤ 0.001 ). Saudi (1.97 ± 1.98) versus non-Saudi patients (1.55 ± 1.11) ( P = 0.02 ) and patients in public practice (2.03 ± 1.95) versus patients in private practice (1.50 ± 1.38) ( P ≤ 0.001 ) showed significantly higher teeth extractions. Dental caries was the most common reason for teeth extractions (49.1%), followed by remaining roots (18.5%), periodontal disease (18.4%), and impactions (7.2%). Most commonly extracted teeth included tooth # 30 (9.8%), followed by tooth #16 (9.6%), tooth # 1 (8.8%), tooth # 19 (8.3%), and tooth # 4 (8.3%). On the other hand, upper incisors were the least commonly extracted teeth. Conclusions. Dental caries, remaining roots, periodontal disease, and impactions were the most common reasons for teeth extractions in our sample of patients. The extractions increased significantly with increasing age. Saudis and patients in public clinics underwent significantly higher teeth extractions. Measures aimed at the prevention and treatment of oral conditions can help reduce teeth extractions and improve the quality of life of patients.
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Fransson, H., L. Bjørndal, F. Frisk, V. S. Dawson, K. Landt, P. E. Isberg, EndoReCo, and T. Kvist. "Factors Associated with Extraction following Root Canal Filling in Adults." Journal of Dental Research 100, no. 6 (January 5, 2021): 608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520982962.
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Essentially, root fillings are performed to preserve natural teeth. Over time, however, some root-filled teeth will inevitably be extracted. The aim of this historical prospective cohort study in the adult Swedish population was to identify factors associated with extractions within 5 y of registration of a root filling. The cohort consisted of all those whose root fillings had been reported to the tax-funded Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA) in 2009. Demographic data on the individuals registered with a root filling (sex, age, country of birth, disposable income, educational level, and marital status) were received from Statistics Sweden or the SSIA. Dental care setting, tooth type, and any registration of subsequent restorations within 6 mo were received from the SSIA. Multivariable regression analysis was used, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In total, 216,764 individuals had been registered with at least 1 root filling. Individuals ( n = 824) without complete data were excluded from the analyses. After 5 y, 9.3% of the root-filled teeth had been registered as extracted. Logistic regression analysis found significant associations for all variables except country of birth, disposable income, and educational level. The highest odds ratios for extractions were associated with the type of restoration: teeth with no registration of any restoration and teeth with a direct restoration combined with a post were 3 times more likely to undergo extraction than teeth restored with an indirect restoration combined with a post and core. Overall, high odds ratios for extractions were associated with any type of composite restoration, including composite fillings and crowns combined with or without any post. In summary, after root filling in the Swedish adult population, several individual- and tooth-specific variables were associated with extraction. The reasons for the extractions remain to be studied further.
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Schmidt, K. B., L. Wisotzki, T. Urrutia, J. Kerutt, D. Krajnović, E. C. Herenz, R. Saust, et al. "Three-Dimensional Optimal Spectral Extraction (TDOSE) from integral field spectroscopy." Astronomy & Astrophysics 628 (August 2019): A91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935857.
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The amount of integral field spectrograph (IFS) data has grown considerably over the last few decades. The demand for tools to analyze such data is therefore bigger now than ever. We present a flexible Python tool for Three-Dimensional Optimal Spectral Extraction (TDOSE) from IFS data cubes. TDOSE works on any three-dimensional data cube and bases the spectral extractions on morphological reference image models. By default, these models are generated and composed of multiple multivariate Gaussian components, but can also be constructed with independent modeling tools and be provided as input to TDOSE. In each wavelength layer of the IFS data cube, TDOSE simultaneously optimizes all sources in the morphological model to minimize the difference between the scaled model components and the IFS data. The flux optimization produces individual data cubes containing the scaled three-dimensional source models. This allows the efficient de-blending of flux in both the spatial and spectral dimensions of the IFS data cubes, and extraction of the corresponding one-dimensional spectra. TDOSE implicitly requires an assumption about the two-dimensional light distribution. We describe how the flexibility of TDOSE can be used to mitigate and correct for deviations from the input distribution. Furthermore, we present an example of how the three-dimensional source models generated by TDOSE can be used to improve two-dimensional maps of physical parameters like velocity, metallicity, or star formation rate when flux contamination is a problem. By extracting TDOSE spectra of ∼150 [OII] emitters from the MUSE-Wide survey we show that the median increase in line flux is ∼5% when using multi-component models as opposed to single-component models. However, the increase in recovered line emission in individual cases can be as much as 50%. Comparing the TDOSE model-based extractions of the MUSE-Wide [OII] emitters with aperture spectra, the TDOSE spectra provides a median flux (S/N) increase of 9% (14%). Hence, TDOSE spectra optimize the S/N while still being able to recover the total emitted flux.
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Manekar, Varsha Sunil, Prajwalit Kende, and Seema Kulkarni. "Tooth Mortality: An Analysis of Reasons underlying the Extraction of Permanent Teeth." World Journal of Dentistry 6, no. 2 (2015): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1321.
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ABSTRACT The patients loose tooth/teeth for various reasons at different year of age. The most common reason are caries and periodontal disease. There is debate on the main cause out of these two. This may vary depending on other variables like age, food habits, general condition. The other causes of tooth extraction are failure of endodontics, fracture, infection. Some disease free teeth need to be sacrificed for orthodontic or prosthetic treatment plan. There is need of evaluation of reasons for tooth mortality. This will be the indicator of status of oral health awareness among population and success of oral healthcare delivered. In a prospective survey at our department collected data of 1186 subjects undergoing extractions of tooth/teeth. This data were evaluated for age and gender distribution, prevalence of reason for extraction and that of each tooth type in both arches. Aim The aim of survey is to study of prevalence and reasons of extraction of teeth according to age groups. In this prospective survey, the data were collected from the outpatient registration desk of extraction room of department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, India. The assessment of the data was done by a single senior faculty. The data were analyzed for age, gender, reason for extraction and tooth/teeth extracted. Total 1,568 extractions were performed on 1,186 subjects. Conclusion The dental caries and its sequel is the principal reason for extraction of teeth followed by periodontal disease. The first molar of both arches is the tooth extracted most frequently for caries and its sequel in young age group of 15 to 25 years. How to cite this article Manekar VS, Kende P, Kulkarni S. Tooth Mortality: An Analysis of Reasons underlying the Extraction of Permanent Teeth. World J Dent 2015;6(2):93-96.
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Kusuma, Arya, De Rosal Ignatius Moses Setiadi, and M. Dalvin Marno Putra. "Tomato Maturity Classification using Naive Bayes Algorithm and Histogram Feature Extraction." Journal of Applied Intelligent System 3, no. 1 (August 27, 2018): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jais.v3i1.1988.
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Tomatoes have nutritional content that is very beneficial for human health and is one source of vitamins and minerals. Tomato classification plays an important role in many ways related to the distribution and sales of tomatoes. Classification can be done on images by extracting features and then classifying them with certain methods. This research proposes a classification technique using feature histogram extraction and Naïve Bayes Classifier. Histogram feature extractions are widely used and play a role in the classification results. Naïve Bayes is proposed because it has high accuracy and high computational speed when applied to a large number of databases, is robust to isolated noise points, and only requires small training data to estimate the parameters needed for classification. The proposed classification is divided into three classes, namely raw, mature and rotten. Based on the results of the experiment using 75 training data and 25 testing data obtained 76% accuracy
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Montandon, Andréia Affonso Barretto, Elizangela Partata Zuza, and Benedicto Egbert Corrêa de Toledo. "Prevalence and Reasons for Tooth Loss in a Sample from a Dental Clinic in Brazil." International Journal of Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/719750.
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Purpose.To evaluate the prevalence and reasons for teeth extractions in a sample from a dental clinic in Brazil.Methods.The prevalence of teeth mortality was analyzed by gender, age, tooth type and reasons for extraction on 800 teeth of 439 subjects, whose data was collected in clinical records in a convenience sample.Results.The groups with range from 35 to 44 years, 45 to 54 years and 55 to 64 years revealed significantly greater number of teeth extractions than other age groups (P<0.0001). The anterior teeth loss increased significantly with aging, while the tooth mortality of premolar and molar were higher in younger people. The caries was the more prevalent reason for tooth mortality among young and adults up to 44 years old, while the periodontal disease was the main reason for extractions from 45 years old until range of 81 years (P<0.0001).Conclusions.It can be suggested that some reasons for tooth loss were age-dependent, but the caries and the periodontal diseases were the main reasons for tooth mortality in this Brazilian sample.
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ROJAS, Gabriela Christiel Soto, Fabiana de Lima VAZQUEZ, Jaqueline Vilela BULGARELI, Marcelo de Castro MENEGHIM, and Antonio Carlos PEREIRA. "Influence of scheduling in clinical dental care on indicators of oral health." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 63, no. 3 (September 2015): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-8637201500032000052948.
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Objective: Assess the oral health indicators in the Family Health Units (Unidades de Saúde da Família - USFs) with scheduled demand in comparison with Family Health Units with spontaneous demand in oral health care, in Piracicaba. Methods: 10 Family Health Units located in Piracicaba, were randomly chosen: 5 Units with spontaneous demand and 5 Units with scheduled demand. Secondary data in daily production spreadsheets were collected from the information system, from February to September 2013. These were organized into indicators: 1) access; 2) resolutivity; 3) ratio of dental emergency per inhabitant; 4) mean number of individual preventive and curative dental procedures; 5) ratio of dental extraction per dental procedure; 6) ratio of dental extraction per inhabitant; 7) mean number of supervised toothbrushing sessions. Data were compared and statistically analyzed with the BioStat 5.0 program, by applying the Student's-t test (p ≤ 0.05). Results: There were significant differences in the indicators of dental emergency, dental extraction per clinical procedure, and dental extractions per inhabitant, and these values were higher in Family Health Units with spontaneous demand. Conclusion: The model of scheduling the demand for dental care adopted by the USFs interferes in the number of users seeking dental emergency treatments and reasons for extractions.
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Saunders, J. A., Kurt A. Rosentrater, and P. G. Krishnan. "Removal of Color Pigments From Corn Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles (DDGS) to Produce an Upgraded Food Ingredient." Journal of Food Research 2, no. 5 (September 1, 2013): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n5p111.
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<p>Processing steps including bleaching, deodorizing, and milling are imperative for improving the functionality of distillers grains in various food matrices, as well as improving consumer acceptance. Utilization of distillers grains in food products is of particular interest. Various parameters were explored for the removal of pigments, including raw DDGS (diameter 0.384) or milled DDGS (0.329 mm), number of extractions (1, 2, or 3), time (30, 60, or 90 min.), and ethanol concentration (5, 10, or 15 mL/g). Altogether, the experimental design was a 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 factorial, resulting in 54 trials, which were each replicated twice. Physical and chemical properties of the resulting DDGS were analyzed. Protein content was impacted by time and number of extractions. A decrease in lipid content resulted in an inverse increase in protein content. Lipid and pigment analysis showed similar decreasing trends, signifying that lipid contents decreased while increasing solvent extraction time, ethanol concentration, and number of extractions. Physical property analysis showed ethanol extraction to be a moderately effective bleaching technique for DDGS. Chemical property data showed that the treatments were extremely effective in reducing lipid and pigment values, while increasing protein. Effective removal of pigments can improve the color of food products containing DDGS, which can lead to greater consumer acceptability of this ingredient.</p>
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Müller, Christiane. "Against the Small Clause Hypothesis: Evidence from Swedish relative clause extractions." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 38, no. 1 (April 20, 2015): 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586515000062.
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On the basis of data from Swedish, this paper examines the Small Clause Hypothesis (Kush & Lindahl 2011, Kush, Omaki & Hornstein 2013) proposed to account for relative clause (RC) extractions in Mainland Scandinavian. The hypothesis predicts that extraction possibilities differ for relative clauses in the complement of verbs which select and verbs which do not select a small clause (SC), and that the possibility of RC extraction hinges on the ability of the matrix verb to select SCs involving the predicational operator som. I report results from an acceptability judgment experiment on RC extraction in Swedish manipulating three conditions: (a) SC-selecting verbs compatible with som, (b) SC-selecting verbs incompatible with som, and (c) verbs that are incompatible with SCs. The results show no significant difference between these conditions, thus offer no support in favor of the Small Clause Hypothesis. Additional problems are posed by the possibility of extraction from object RCs and by extraction possibilities in the absence of som.
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Hamid, Hashibah, Nor Idayu Mahat, and Safwati Ibrahim. "ADAPTIVE VARIABLE EXTRACTIONS WITH LDA FOR CLASSIFICATION OF MIXED VARIABLES, AND APPLICATIONS TO MEDICAL DATA." Journal of Information and Communication Technology 20, Number 3 (June 11, 2021): 305–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jict2021.20.3.2.
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The strategy surrounding the extraction of a number of mixed variables is examined in this paper in building a model for Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Two methods for extracting crucial variables from a dataset with categorical and continuous variables were employed, namely, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). However, in this case, direct use of either MCA or PCA on mixed variables is impossible due to restrictions on the structure of data that each method could handle. Therefore, this paper executes some adjustments including a strategy for managing mixed variables so that those mixed variables are equivalent in values. With this, both MCA and PCA can be performed on mixed variables simultaneously. The variables following this strategy of extraction were then utilised in the construction of the LDA model before applying them to classify objects going forward. The suggested models, using three real sets of medical data were then tested, where the results indicated that using a combination of the two methods of MCA and PCA for extraction and LDA could reduce the model’s size, having a positive effect on classifying and better performance of the model since it leads towards minimising the leave-one-out error rate. Accordingly, the models proposed in this paper, including the strategy that was adapted was successful in presenting good results over the full LDA model. Regarding the indicators that were used to extract and to retain the variables in the model, cumulative variance explained (CVE), eigenvalue, and a non-significant shift in the CVE (constant change), could be considered a useful reference or guideline for practitioners experiencing similar issues in future.
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Vieira, Eny M., and Francis I. Onuska. "Extraction and Determination of RDX and HMX in Water." Water Quality Research Journal 34, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1999.026.
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Abstract The analysis of energetic materials such as RDX and HMX in water at trace levels was accomplished by using micro-extraction by miscible solvents, such as acetonitrile, 2-propanol and acetone, and salting out the organic phase. This paper compares the results obtained with solid-phase extraction (SPE) to those obtained by demixing techniques for spiked Milli-Q water and an unfiltered lake water. A review of the data indicates that demixing with acetonitrile-sodium chloride and 2-propanol ammonium sulfate gives better extraction recoveries than solid-phase extraction. Salting-out extractions are performed in less time and with less solvent than by SPE techniques.
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Md Sohaib Shahzan and Madhulaxmi Marimuthu. "Post extraction complications - An institution based retrospective study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (December 19, 2020): 1970–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3701.
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Tooth extraction is one of the most common procedures undertaken in the dental clinic. As with any surgical procedure, even a simple tooth extraction can result in complications. Post extraction complications can be annoying to the patient, thereby causing mild morbidity and have an impact on their quality of life. Complications are wide starting from common ones like alveolitis and root fracture, dry socket, infraction, halitosis, pain, trismus and uncommon ones like displacement of root fragments within the sinus and oral antral fistula. The aim of this study was to evaluate post-extraction complications among patients visiting saveetha dental college. This is a retrospective study. We reviewed patient records and analysed the data of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020. From a pooled sample size of 23000 extractions done during this period, data of patients reporting for post-extraction complications were segregated and analysed. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 20 by IBM. The results were analysed using the chi-square test. In this study, we observed that among a sample of 23000 simple extractions, only 42 patients had reported back with post-extraction complications (0.18%). These complications were more in males than in females. When compared between maxillary and mandibular arch, the mandible had more incidence with 54.16%. The most common complication was dry socket (58.34%). Pain as a complication was more in males than in females. Within the limits of the study, the incidence of post-extraction complication is more in males than females. Higher incidence of complication was seen in a mandibular arch (54.16%) than in maxillary arch (45.84%).
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Keir, Greg, Nevenka Bulovic, and Neil McIntyre. "Stochastic Modeling of Groundwater Extractions over a Data-Sparse Region of Australia." Groundwater 57, no. 1 (April 10, 2018): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12658.
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Arrington, John. "An Examination of Proton Charge Radius Extractions from e–p Scattering Data." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 44, no. 3 (September 2015): 031203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922414.
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Zhou, Ningling, Wenying Li, Zhihua Wu, Xin Li, Anshu Yang, Ping Tong, and Hongbing Chen. "Sequential extractions: A new way for protein quantification—data from peanut allergens." Analytical Biochemistry 484 (September 2015): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2015.05.013.
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Cappuyns, Valérie. "A Critical Evaluation of Single Extractions from the SMT Program to Determine Trace Element Mobility in Sediments." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/672914.
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Two commonly applied single extractions procedures, namely extractions with ammonium-EDTA and acetic acid, were evaluated based on the analysis of 72 samples from alluvial sediments. For most trace elements (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, As, and Pb), a significant linear relationship could be established between their ammonium-EDTA or acetic acid extractable concentrations and their total concentrations, the organic carbon content, pH, and Fe , Al, and/or Ca content in the sediments. The scientific understanding of trace element partitioning in the complex soil-water system with these simple models is rather limited, but they offer the opportunity to use data from single extractions in a more comprehensive way. Despite the fact that these extractions cannot directly be related to the bioavailability of elements, they can provide input data for use in risk assessment models. Additionally, they also offer possibilities to perform a fast screening of the mobilizable pool of elements in soils and/or sediments.
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Caniff, Kaylee E., Lisa R. Young, Shawna S. Truong, Gibson Gretchen, Marianne M. Jurasic, Linda Poggensee, Margaret A. Fitzpatrick, Charlesnika T. Evans, and Katie J. Suda. "148. Post-Extraction Infection and Antibiotic Prescribing Among Veterans Receiving Dental Extractions." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.193.
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Abstract Background Dentists prescribe 10% of outpatient antibiotics in the United States, equating to 24.5 million prescriptions annually. However, there is a paucity of data regarding adjunctive antibiotic use in tooth extractions. This study compared post-extraction infections following dental extractions with and without adjunctive antibiotics. Post-extraction infection risk factors and antibiotic prescribing patterns were also investigated. Methods This was a retrospective cohort of Veterans with tooth extraction(s) in any Veterans Affairs dental clinic from 1/1/17-12/31/17. A stratified random sample was selected by geographic region, type of extraction (surgical/non-surgical) and post-extraction antibiotic receipt to ensure inclusion of subjects in each of these categories. Subjects who received an antibiotic were compared to those who did not for the occurrence of post-extraction infection as documented in the health record by infectious signs/symptoms or diagnosis. Multivariable regression was performed to identify factors associated with antibiotic receipt. Results A sample size of 374 was needed to achieve statistical power based on a 10% risk of infection post-extraction. Nationally, 69,610 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 404 were randomly selected for inclusion. Antibiotics were prescribed to 154 patients (38.1%). There was no difference in post-extraction oral infection among subjects who did and did not receive antibiotics (4.5% vs. 3.2%, p=0.59). Risk factors for post-extraction infection could not be identified due to the low frequency of this outcome. Subjects who received antibiotic prescriptions were more likely to have a greater number of teeth extracted (OR=1.1; 95% CI 1.03–1.2), documentation of acute infection at time of extraction (OR=3.0; 95% CI 1.6–5.8), molar extraction (OR=1.8; 95% CI 1.1–2.9) and extraction performed by an oral maxillofacial surgeon (OR=2.3; 95% CI 1.5–3.6) or specialty dentist (OR=5.8; 95% CI 2.1–16.2). Conclusion Infectious complications were not significantly different among Veterans undergoing tooth extraction who did and did not receive post-extraction antibiotics. Antibiotic prescribing for tooth extraction may be a potential area of focus for outpatient antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Taddeo, Matthew C., Emma J. Robinson, Noy Y. Hassid, Xin Chu, Weixing Shi, Craig Wood, Christopher Still, and David Rovnyak. "A Robust Protocol for Extracting Aqueous Metabolites of High Lipid Sera." Current Metabolomics and Systems Biology 7, no. 1 (September 6, 2020): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213235x07666190124120112.
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Background: With the increasing focus of metabolomic methods on obesityrelated diseases, it is important to consider how sample handling may need to be adapted for the high compositions of lipids that can occur in such subjects. Introduction: High-lipid (cloudy, milky appearances; a.k.a. lipemic) biofluids are common in very high BMI subjects. Organic extractions of biofluids are useful for removing protein backgrounds, inactivating capsid viruses, and yielding relatively stable samples with excellent spectroscopic characteristics. This work considered how acetonitrile extractions, which are widely used, perform on lipemic sera. Results: In this technical note, we report the observation and remediation of a liquid-liquid phase separation in acetonitrile extractions of many lipemic sera. This unexpected behavior can be challenging to identify, especially if working with small volumes. The liquid-liquid separation shows a high miscibility of proteins in both liquid phases that impairs NMR data quality. We also report a simple temperature-based adaption of the acetonitrile extraction procedure that consistently results in a single aqueous phase and eliminates unwanted constituents. Conclusion: A robust approach to achieving reproducible, high quality samples of aqueous metabolites from lipemic sera from very high BMI subjects should be of utility in expanding metabolomics applications to lipemic biofluids.
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Wagner, Kerstin, Maurizio Musso, Stefan Kain, Stefan Willför, Alexander Petutschnigg, and Thomas Schnabel. "Larch Wood Residues Valorization through Extraction and Utilization of High Value-Added Products." Polymers 12, no. 2 (February 6, 2020): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12020359.
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Many of current bio-based materials are not fully or partly used for material utilization, as the composition of their raw materials and/or possible applications are unknown. This study deals with the analysis of the wood extractives from three different tissue of larch wood: Sapwood mainly from outer part of the log, and sound knotwood as well as dead knotwood. The extractions were performed with an accelerated solvent extractor (ASE) using hexane and acetone/water. The obtained extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Three various vibrational spectroscopy (FT-RAMAN, FT-IR and FT-NIR) methods reflect the information from the extracts to the chemical composition of the types of wood before the extraction processes. Multivariate data analysis of the spectra was used to obtain a better insight into possible classification methods. Taxifolin and kaempferol were found in larger amount in sound knotwood samples compared to larch wood with high percentage of sapwood and dead knotwood samples. While the extractions of dead knotwood samples yielded more larixol and resin acids than the other larch wood samples used. Based on the chemical composition, three lead compounds were defined for the classification of the different wood raw materials. The vibrational spectroscopy methods were applied to show their potential for a possible distinction of the three types of larch wood tissue. This new insight into the different larch wood extracts will help in the current efforts to use more environmentally friendly raw materials for innovative applications. The connection between the raw materials and extraction yields of the target values is important to transform the results from the laboratory to industry and consumer applications.
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Sukumaran, Aparna, R. Jael Fiona, Beninah Monisha, Noorazleen Zulkifli, Sathyabama Vijayarangan, and P. D. Madan Kumar. "Comparison of perception of pain following orthodontic extraction with oral analgesics over adjuvant herbal patch." Journal of Global Oral Health 3 (June 23, 2020): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jgoh_5_2020.
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Objectives: Pain that follows extraction of any tooth is an acute, short-lasting (2 h–3 days) pain that reaches its maximum intensity during the early (first 4 h) post-extraction period (Kaur et al., 2016). Pain management postoperatively is essential as it helps to minimize discomfort to the patient, reducing the risk of infection, speeding the recovery period. Although several methods have been used for pain management, no study has been conducted on the efficacy of herbal patch as pain relief method in dental extractions. This present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of herbal patch along with oral analgesics in controlling the post- extraction pain compared to routine oral analgesics alone. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was conducted among 30 orthodontic patients aged 13–25 years. Written consent and ethical clearance were obtained. A split-mouth design was used with herbal patch and oral analgesic for post-extraction pain management for the study participants. Visual analog scale was used to assess the pain post-extraction at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h of the 1st day. Data collected were subjected to appropriate statistical test using SPSS version 20. Results: A highly statistical difference was seen between the two groups and within the groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Transdermal herbal patch seems to be a promising analgesic modality for the management of mild- to-moderate pain following dental extractions.
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Huang, Tao, Shuanfeng Zhao, Longlong Geng, and Qian Xu. "Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation Based on Residual Neural Network of Coarse–Refined Feature Extractions for Drone." Electronics 8, no. 10 (October 17, 2019): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8101179.
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To take full advantage of the information of images captured by drones and given that most existing monocular depth estimation methods based on supervised learning require vast quantities of corresponding ground truth depth data for training, the model of unsupervised monocular depth estimation based on residual neural network of coarse–refined feature extractions for drone is therefore proposed. As a virtual camera is introduced through a deep residual convolution neural network based on coarse–refined feature extractions inspired by the principle of binocular depth estimation, the unsupervised monocular depth estimation has become an image reconstruction problem. To improve the performance of our model for monocular depth estimation, the following innovations are proposed. First, the pyramid processing for input image is proposed to build the topological relationship between the resolution of input image and the depth of input image, which can improve the sensitivity of depth information from a single image and reduce the impact of input image resolution on depth estimation. Second, the residual neural network of coarse–refined feature extractions for corresponding image reconstruction is designed to improve the accuracy of feature extraction and solve the contradiction between the calculation time and the numbers of network layers. In addition, to predict high detail output depth maps, the long skip connections between corresponding layers in the neural network of coarse feature extractions and deconvolution neural network of refined feature extractions are designed. Third, the loss of corresponding image reconstruction based on the structural similarity index (SSIM), the loss of approximate disparity smoothness and the loss of depth map are united as a novel training loss to better train our model. The experimental results show that our model has superior performance on the KITTI dataset composed by corresponding left view and right view and Make3D dataset composed by image and corresponding ground truth depth map compared to the state-of-the-art monocular depth estimation methods and basically meet the requirements for depth information of images captured by drones when our model is trained on KITTI.
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Taiwo, Abdurrazaq Olanrewaju, Adebayo Aremu Ibikunle, Ramat Oyebunmi Braimah, Omotayo Amidu Sulaiman, and Olalekan Micah Gbotolorun. "Tooth extraction: Pattern and etiology from extreme Northwestern Nigeria." European Journal of Dentistry 11, no. 03 (July 2017): 335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_160_17.
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ABSTRACT Objective: Tooth extraction is a commonly performed procedure in dental clinics. It has been shown that the reasons for and pattern of tooth extraction vary across geographical regions. Few reports on the pattern of extraction among a semi-urban populace exist. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the pattern and reasons for tooth mortality from Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria, which is a semi-urban region. Materials and Methods: A review of the records of patients that had tooth extraction at our center between January 2009 and January 2016, was done. Data such as the age, gender, type of tooth extracted, and reasons for extraction were retrieved and analyzed. Cross tabulations for age and gender were also made. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 1167 extractions were performed in 984 patients. An age range of 18–107 years with a mean (±standard deviation) of 34.8 (13.3) was observed. Most of the patients were in the 21–30 years age group accounting for 35.7% of cases. Dental caries and its sequelae (DCS) (631, 54.1%) were the most common reasons for extraction, followed by periodontal disease (192, 16.5%). The difference in proportions of reasons for tooth extraction between the gender was statistically significant (P = 0.02; df = 24). The difference in the reasons for extraction among the age groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001; df = 132). Conclusion: DCS along with periodontal disease were the major reasons for extractions. These are largely preventable causes of tooth extraction; therefore, there is a need for commencement of far-reaching preventative actions.
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Kim, Jin Sung. "Knowledge Extractions, Visualizations, and Inference from the big Data in Healthcare and Medical." Journal of Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 23, no. 5 (October 25, 2013): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.5391/jkiis.2013.23.5.400.
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Hu, Shengshan, Qian Wang, Jingjun Wang, Zhan Qin, and Kui Ren. "Securing SIFT: Privacy-Preserving Outsourcing Computation of Feature Extractions Over Encrypted Image Data." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 25, no. 7 (July 2016): 3411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2016.2568460.
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Fortin, Élise, Milagros Gonzales, Patricia S. Fontela, Robert W. Platt, David L. Buckeridge, and Caroline Quach. "Improving quality of data extractions for the computation of patient-days and admissions." American Journal of Infection Control 43, no. 2 (February 2015): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.10.024.
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Kumar, Santhosh. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DENTAL ANXIETY AND PAIN EXPERIENCE DURING DENTAL EXTRACTIONS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.16518.
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ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the effects of anxiety on pain experienced during dental extractions.Methods: A prospective study was conducted during the academic year July-September 2016, randomly among 60 dental patients who visited theoutpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, for single tooth extraction. Anxietywas measured using the Hamilton anxiety rating scale. The pain was measured using the pain visual analog scale (VAS) for the level of pain perceivedduring extraction. Data collected were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, Version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA)and results obtained.Results: From regression analysis, R2=0.605 which meant that the independent variable (anxiety) explained 60.50% of the variability of the dependentvariable (pain) with significant t-value. There was a statistically significant correlation between VAS and total anxiety score (p<0.05). This stronglysuggests that an increase in pain level is associated with an increase in anxiety level.Conclusion: Pre-operative dental anxiety is a major predictor of pain experienced by patients during dental extractions. Hence, it is an important toreduce anxiety before treatment to reduce pain during the treatment. Pharmacologic modalities like sedation can be used for reducing anxiety andpain related to the treatment in indicated patients.Keywords: Dental anxiety, Sedation, Anesthesia, Pain, Tooth extraction.
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Jiang, Zhehan, and Richard Carter. "Visualizing library data interactively: two demonstrations using R language." Library Hi Tech News 35, no. 5 (July 2, 2018): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-01-2018-0003.
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Purpose This paper aims to provide two real examples to inspire librarians to use modern techniques for data visualization. Design/methodology/approach Two interactive applications were created for visualizing longitudinal and geographical data collected by libraries. Findings R language has high versatility and flexibility in visualizing various types and hierarchy of data under a prevalent Web framework. The two demonstrations provide workflows from data extractions to visualization products. Originality/value Proper visualization assists librarians and administrators to understand data better and gain more insightful prospects. As a result, more scientific decisions can be made for improving libraries operation.
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Bhutta, Neil, and Benjamin J. Keys. "Interest Rates and Equity Extraction During the Housing Boom." American Economic Review 106, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 1742–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20140040.
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Credit record panel data from 1999–2010 indicates that the likelihood of home equity extraction (borrowing, on average, about $40,000 against one's home) peaked in 2003 when mortgage rates reached historic lows. We estimate a 27 percent rise in extraction in response to a 100 basis point rate decline, and that house price growth amplifies this relationship. Differential responses to interest rates and home price appreciation by borrower age and credit score provide new evidence of financial frictions. Finally, equity extractions are associated with higher default risk, consistent with the use of borrowed funds for consumption or illiquid investment. (JEL D14, E43, E52, G12, R31)
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Mullis, B. Todd, Sunil Hwang, L. Andrew Lee, Anton Iliuk, Rebekah Woolsey, David Quilici, and Qian Wang. "Automating Complex, Multistep Processes on a Single Robotic Platform to Generate Reproducible Phosphoproteomic Data." SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 25, no. 3 (September 26, 2019): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472555219878152.
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Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics holds promise for advancing drug treatment and disease diagnosis; however, its clinical translation has thus far been limited. This is in part due to an unstandardized and segmented sample preparation process that involves cell lysis, protein digestion, peptide desalting, and phosphopeptide enrichment. Automating this entire sample preparation process will be key in facilitating standardization and clinical translation of phosphoproteomics. While peptide desalting and phosphopeptide enrichment steps have been individually automated, integrating these two extractions and, further, the entire process requires more advanced robotic platforms as well as automation-friendly extraction tools. Here we describe a fully automated peptide desalting and phosphopeptide enrichment method using IMCStips on a Hamilton STAR. Using our established automated method, we identified more than 10,000 phosphopeptides from 200 µg of HCT116 cell lysate without fractionation with >85% phosphopeptide specificities. Compared with titania-based Spin Tip products, the automated IMCStips-based method gave 50% higher phosphopeptide identifications. The method reproducibility was further assessed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) to show >50% phosphopeptide recoveries after the automated phosphopeptide extraction with coefficients of variation (CVs) of <20% over a 3-week period. The established automated method is a step toward standardization of the sample preparation of phosphopeptide samples and could be further expanded upon to create a fully automated “cells to phosphopeptides” method.