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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dark matter; Cosmic infall'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Jiang, Ing-Guey. "The implications of a live halo for galactic warps and satellite dynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301926.

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2

Le, Delliou Morgan. "Self-similar infall models for cold dark matter haloes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63431.pdf.

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3

Mertsch, Philipp. "Cosmic ray backgrounds for dark matter indirect detection." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2734b849-4d7a-4266-8538-d3dc6cab6b20.

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The identification of the relic particles which presumably constitute cold dark matter is a key challenge for astroparticle physics. Indirect methods for their detection using high energy astro- physical probes such as cosmic rays have been much discussed. In particular, recent ‘excesses’ in cosmic ray electron and positron fluxes, as well as in microwave sky maps, have been claimed to be due to the annihilation or decay of dark matter. In this thesis, we argue however that these signals are plagued by irreducible astrophysical backgrounds and show how plausible con- ventional physics can mimi
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4

Giesen, Gaelle. "Dark Matter Indirect Detection with charged cosmic rays." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112160/document.

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Les preuves pour l'existence de la matière noire (MN), sous forme d'une particule inconnue qui rempli les halos galactiques, sont issues d'observations astrophysiques et cosmologiques: son effet gravitationnel est visible dans les rotations des galaxies, des amas de galaxies et dans la formation des grandes structures de l'univers. Une manifestation non-gravitationnelle de sa présence n'a pas encore été découverte. L'une des techniques les plus prometteuse est la détection indirecte de la MN, consistant à identifier des excès dans les flux de rayons cosmiques pouvant provenir de l'annihilation
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5

Macias, Ramirez Oscar. "Astrophysical Constraints on Dark Matter." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Physics and Astronomy, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9857.

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Well motivated theoretical models predict the annihilation of dark matter (DM) into standard model particles, a phenomenon which could be a significant source of photons in the gamma-ray sky. With its unprecedented sensitivity and its broad energy range (20 MeV to more than 300 GeV) the main instrument on board the Fermi satellite, the Large Area Telescope (LAT), might be able to detect an indirect signature of DM annihilations. In this work we revisit several interesting claims of extended dark matter emission made from analyses of Fermi-LAT data: First, based on three years of Fermi Large Ar
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6

Lawson, Kyle. "Quark nugget dark matter : cosmic evidence and detection potential." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52012.

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I present a dark matter model in which the dark matter is composed of very heavy “nuggets” of Standard Model quarks and antiquarks. This model was originally motivated by the fact that the matter and dark matter mass densities are observed to have similar scales. If these two forms of matter originate through completely distinct physical processes then their densities could easily have existed at vastly different scales. However, if the dark and the visible matter are co-produced, this similarity in scales is a natural outcome. In the model considered here dark matter and the baryonic matter s
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7

Enander, Jonas. "Cosmic tests of massive gravity." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113076.

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Massive gravity is an extension of general relativity where the graviton, which mediates gravitational interactions, has a non-vanishing mass. The first steps towards formulating a theory of massive gravity were made by Fierz and Pauli in 1939, but it took another 70 years until a consistent theory of massive gravity was written down. This thesis investigates the phenomenological implications of this theory, when applied to cosmology. In particular, we look at cosmic expansion histories, structure formation, integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect and weak lensing, and put constraints on the allowed par
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8

Genolini, Yoann. "Refined predictions for cosmic rays and indirect dark matter searches." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY049/document.

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Il y a tout juste cent ans que les premières mesures du taux d'ionisation de l'air ont dévoilé que la terre est sans cesse bombardée par une pluie de particules énergétiques provenant du Cosmos. D'un point de vue astrophysique, l'origine de ces particules hautement relativistes, appelés rayons cosmiques (CRs), ainsi que leur mécanisme d'accélération restent très peu connus. Le paradigme actuel suppose une injection sporadique des CRs accélérés par la propagation d'ondes de choc au cours de la mort de certaines étoiles (SNRs).Les mesures récentes des flux de CRs (par les expériences PAMELA et A
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9

Delahaye, Timur. "Propagation of galactic cosmic rays and dark matter indirect detection." Chambéry, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CHAMS019.

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Cette thèse est dédiée à l'étude de la propagation des électrons et positrons cosmiques dans la Voie Lactée ainsi qu'à la détection indirecte de matière sombre. L'existence de la matière sombre dans l'Univers est une hypothèse raisonnable du point de vue de la cosmologie, de l'astrophysique mais également de la physique des particules. Pourtant sa détection nous échappe encore et il n'est pas possible de vérifier la validité de cette hypothèse autrement que par des moyens faisant intervenir la gravitation. L'une des voies possibles pour la détection de la matière sombre et la compréhension de
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10

Mondragon, Antonio Richard. "Lorentz-violating dark matter." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1672.

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11

Pinzke, Anders. "Gamma-Ray Emission from Galaxy Clusters : DARK MATTER AND COSMIC-RAYS." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-42453.

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The quest for the first detection of a galaxy cluster in the high energy gamma-ray regime is ongoing, and even though clusters are observed in several other wave-bands, there is still no firm detection in gamma-rays. To complement the observational efforts we estimate the gamma-ray contributions from both annihilating dark matter and cosmic-ray (CR) proton as well as CR electron induced emission. Using high-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters, we find a universal concave shaped CR proton spectrum independent of the simulated galaxy cluster. Specifically, the gamma-ray spectra from decayi
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12

Casas, Miranda Rigoberto Angel. "Statistics of the dark matter halo distribution in cosmic density fields." Diss., [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/archive/00000098.

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13

Klaus, Alexander [Verfasser]. "Sterile neutrino dark matter from the cosmic QCD epoch / Alexander Klaus." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237048559/34.

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14

Ng, Chun Yu. "Seeking the Light in the Dark: Quests for Identifying Dark Matter." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471363029.

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15

Korsmeier, Michael [Verfasser], Fiorenza [Akademischer Betreuer] Donato, and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Krämer. "Unveiling dark matter with cosmic messengers / Michael Korsmeier ; Fiorenza Donato, Michael Krämer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1233315757/34.

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16

Hatfield, Peter. "The relationship between galaxies and their dark matter haloes over cosmic time." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6338f463-3305-420a-ad86-4ae8bcd88251.

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In this thesis I study and measure the spatial distribution of galaxies selected in optical and near-infrared surveys over cosmic time. By measuring the clustering of these sources, valuable insight can be gained into the role of environment in shaping galaxy evolution over the history of the Universe. I present a series of results from a clustering analysis of the first data release of the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) Deep Extragalactic Observations (VIDEO) survey. VIDEO is the only survey currently capable of probing the bulk of stellar mass in galaxies at reds
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17

Méndez, Isla Miguel Alfonso. "Dark matter searches with cosmic-ray detectors and the Square Kilometre Array." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32379.

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Beyond gravitational evidence for dark matter, a set of search techniques are employed in the present thesis within the particle dark matter paradigm. Under the possibility of dark matter annihilating into particles of the Standard Model of Particle Physics, we study the products of annihilation with cosmic-ray detectors, such as AMS, Fermi-LAT and PAMELA, and radio telescopes, such as the SKA. In this work, we focus on the positron fraction measured in the Solar System due to dark matter annihilating in the dark matter galactic halo, but also on radio signals from the Milky Way and dwarf sphe
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18

Belloli, Nicoletta. "Study of cosmic nuclei fluxes with AMS-02: implication for dark matter search." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7582/.

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L’Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) é un rivelatore per raggi cosmici (CR) progettato e costruito da una collaborazione internazionale di 56 istituti e 16 paesi ed installato il 19 Maggio del 2011 sulla Stazione Spaziale Internazionale (ISS). Orbitando intorno alla Terra, AMS-02 sará in grado di studiare con un livello di accuratezza mai raggiunto prima la composizione dei raggi cosmici, esplorando nuove frontiere nella fisica delle particelle, ricercando antimateria primordiale ed evidenze indirette di materia oscura. Durante il mio lavoro di tesi, ho utilizzato il software GALPROP per
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19

Kumar, Saurabh. "Radiating Macroscopic Dark Matter: Searching for Effects in Cosmic Microwave Background and Recombination History." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1606996786558263.

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20

Barello, Gregory. "Models and Constraints for New Physics at the Energy, Intensity, and Cosmic Frontiers." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20454.

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The modern era of particle physics is driven by experimental anomalies. Experimental efforts have become increasingly diverse and are producing enormous volumes of data. In such a highly data-driven scientific environment theoretical models are necessary to understand this data and to help inform the development of new experimental approaches. In this dissertation I present two significant contributions to this effort relevant to the energy, intensity, and cosmic frontiers of modern particle physics research. Part 1 of this dissertation discusses methods to understand modern dark matter dir
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21

Olzem, Jan. "Signatures of SUSY dark matter at the LHC and in the spectra of cosmic rays." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=984327568.

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22

Rybka, Gray. "A search for Z = -1 dark matter annihilation products in cosmic rays with AMS-01." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45406.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-89).<br>The majority of mass in the universe has not been observed optically and is termed dark matter. The supersymmetric neutralino provides an interesting dark matter candidate, which may self-annihilate in our galaxy, producing particles visible in the cosmic ray spectrum. During a ten day space shuttle flight, the AMS-01 detector recorded over 100 million cosmic ray events. This analysis searches for the products of neutralino annihilation in the AMS-01 Z=-1 spectr
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23

Lineros, Rodriguez Roberto Alfredo. "Study of positrons from cosmic rays interactions and cold dark matter annihilations in the galactic environment." Chambéry, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CHAMS059.

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Rayons cosmiques de positons et les électrons de fournir un moyen complémentaire à l'étude de l'environnement galactique. Les expériences de rayons cosmiques, par exemple PAMELA et HEAT, ont présenté des résultats très intéressant dans ce domaine. La fraction de positrons observé semble plus importante que la réalité les prédictions théoriques des énergies de plus de 10 GeV. Les preuves indirectes de la matière sombre dans le cadre de théories au-delà du modèle standard suggère l'existence d'une contribution supplémentaire présent dans le signal de rayons cosmiques. Nous étudions et le calcul
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24

Hennings-Yeomans, Raul. "First 5 Tower WIMP-search Results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search with Improved Understanding of Neutron Backgrounds and Benchmarking." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1217635684.

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25

Beyer, Joschka [Verfasser], and Christof [Akademischer Betreuer] Wetterich. "Aspects of cosmic structure formation in coupled scalar field dark matter models / Joschka Johannes Beyer ; Betreuer: Christof Wetterich." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1180032888/34.

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26

Zimmer, Stephan. "Searching for Gamma Rays from Galaxy Clusters with the Fermi Large Area Telescope : Cosmic Rays and Dark Matter." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-96231.

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In this licentiate thesis, I report a search for GeV γ rays towards the location of Galaxy clusters. I mainly discuss the results of a search for cosmic-ray (CR) induced γ-ray emission but also briefly elaborate on a related study, searching for Dark Matter (DM)-induced γ-ray emission from Galaxy clusters. In addition, I provide a detailed discussion on the analysis tools that were used and discuss some additional tests that are not included in the papers this licentiate thesis is based on. In a comprehensive search almost covering the entire sky, we find no statistically significant evidence
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27

Elmufti, Mohammed. "Perturbations of dark energy models." Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3386.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>The growth of structure in the Universe proceeds via the collapse of dark matter and baryons. This process is retarded by dark energy which drives an accelerated expansion of the late Universe. In this thesis we use cosmological perturbation theory to investigate structure formation for a particular class of dark energy models, i.e. interacting dark energy models. In these models there is a non-gravitational interaction between dark energy and dark matter, which alters the standard evolution (with non-interacting dark energy) of the Universe. We consider a sim
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28

Leclercq, Florent. "Bayesian large-scale structure inference and cosmic web analysis." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066353/document.

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Les observations de la structure à grande échelle de l'Univers sont précieuses pour établir et tester des théories cosmologiques sur son origine et son évolution. Cette démarche requiert des outils appropriés d'assimilation des données, afin d'établir le contact entre les catalogues de galaxies et les modèles de formation des structures.Dans cette thèse, une nouvelle approche pour l'analyse ab initio et simultanée de la formation et de la morphologie de la toile cosmique est présentée : l'algorithme BORG infère les fluctuations de densité primordiales et produit des reconstructions physiques d
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29

El, Aisati Chaimae. "Gamma-ray and Neutrino Lines from Dark Matter: multi-messenger and dedicated smoking-gun searches." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/266180.

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Identifying what makes up the Dark Matter is a long-standing problem to which the abundance of gravitational and cosmological evidence fails to answer. Indirect detection techniques have the aim to unveil the nature of Dark Matter by catching and identifying the products of potential decays and/or annihilations. The work exposed in this thesis is in line with this strategy and has for common thread the quest for line(-like) features in the extraterrestrial fluxes of gamma-rays and neutrinos. The motivation behind this specific interest is that, due to the absence of astrophysical counterparts
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30

Zimmer, Stephan. "Observations of nearby Galaxy Clusters with the Fermi Large Area Telescope : Towards the first Gamma Rays from Clusters." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-121592.

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Galaxy clusters are the most massive bound systems known in the Universe and are believed to have formed through large scale structure formation. They host relativistic cosmic-ray (CR) populations and are gravitationally bound by large amounts of Dark Matter (DM), both providing conditions in which high-energy gamma rays may be produced either via CR interactions with the intracluster medium or through the annihilation or decay of DM particles. Prior to the launch of the Fermi satellite, predictions were optimistic that these sources would be established as γ-ray-bright objects by observations
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31

Kéfélian, Cécile. "Search for dark matter with EDELWEISS-III excluding background from muon-induced neutrons." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1020/document.

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Le but de l'expérience EDELWEISS est la détection directe de matière noire sousforme de WIMPs, par l'étude de leur diffusion élastique sur les noyaux de germanium des détecteurs bolomètriques. Le plus problématique des bruits de fond provient des neutrons pouvant mimer l'interaction d'un WIMP dans un détecteur. Ces neutrons sont notamment produits par les rares muons cosmiques de haute énergie qui atteignent le laboratoire souterrain malgré les 4800 m w.e. de roche. Les muons résiduels sont détectés par un système veto de 46 modules de scintillateur plastique entourant l'expérience, qui permet
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32

Reichhart, Lea. "ZEPLIN-III direct dark matter search : final results and measurements in support of next generation instruments." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7914.

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Astrophysical observations give convincing evidence for a vast non-baryonic component, the so-called dark matter, accounting for over 20% of the overall content of our Universe. Direct dark matter search experiments explore the possibility of interactions of these dark matter particles with ordinary baryonic matter via elastic scattering resulting in single nuclear recoils. The ZEPLIN-III detector operated on the basis of a dualphase (liquid/gas) xenon target, recording events in two separate response channels { scintillation and ionisation. These allow discrimination between electron recoils
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33

Vertongen, Gilles. "The fall and rise of antimatter: probing leptogenesis and dark matter models." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210200.

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Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), together with the analyses of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies, confirm what our day to day experience of life attests :antimatter is far less present than matter in the Universe. In addition, these observables also permit to evaluate that there exists about one proton for every 10^{10} photons present in the Universe. This is in contradiction with expectations coming from the standard hot big bang, where no distinction between matter and antimatter is made, and where subsequent annihilations would lead to equal matter and antimatter contents,
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34

Zu, Ying. "Cross-Correlation Cluster Cosmology." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376958777.

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35

Kamenetska, Masha. "Modeling the affect of dark matter distributions in the Milky Way on the component of the cosmic rays energy spectrum as incident on Earth." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32902.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-53).<br>In this thesis, we investigate the effect of dark matter distribution in the galaxy on the positron spectrum on earth. We wrote code to simulate two district dark matter distribution functions as well as the annihilations which convert them into positrons. We then channeled the results into a galaxy propagation software package GALPROP and obtained a positron spectrum on earth. Our results suggest that while no dramatic differences emerge in the spectrum as a
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36

Lazanu, Andrei. "The power spectrum and bispectrum of inflation and cosmic defects." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/256999.

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Much of the recent progress in cosmology has come from studying the power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The latest results from the Planck satellite confirmed that the inflationary paradigm with the $\Lambda$CDM six-parameter model provides a very good description of the observed structures in the Universe. Even so, additional parameters, such as cosmic defects, are still allowed by current observational data. Additionally, many of the inflationary models predict a significant departure from Gaussianity in the distribution of primordial perturbations. Higher order statisti
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Tran, David [Verfasser], Alejandro [Akademischer Betreuer] Ibarra, and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Ratz. "Indirect Signatures of Unstable Dark Matter in Cosmic-Ray Antimatter and in the Gamma-Ray Sky / David Tran. Gutachter: Alejandro Ibarra ; Michael Ratz. Betreuer: Alejandro Ibarra." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014330122/34.

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38

Bernard, Guilhem. "Flux et anisotropie du rayonnement cosmique galactique : au-delà des modèles continus." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENY065/document.

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Cette thèse explore les conséquences du fait que les sources de rayons cosmiques sont distribuées de façon non homogène dans notre Galaxie. Elle débute par plusieurs synthèses théoriques et expérimentales. Dans un premier temps la présentation du milieu interstellaire permet de comprendre les mécanismes en jeu dans la propagation et l'accélération des rayons cosmiques. Puis l'étude du mécanisme détaillé de la diffusion des rayons cosmiques sur le champ magnétique conduit à l'équation de propagation utilisée communément. Les solutions stationnaires de cette équation seront rappelées, puis la th
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39

Caroff, Sami. "Mesures du flux d'électrons, du flux de positons, et de leur rapport avec l'expérience AMS-02 : interprétation en terme de matière noire et pulsars." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY052/document.

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AMS-02 est un spectromètre magnétique conçu pour la détection du rayonnement cosmique chargé et des photons gamma. La mesure en 2013 de la fraction de positons par AMS-02 a confirmé la présence d'une composante de positons primaires, nécessitant l'existence d'une source de positons dans notre Galaxie. Cette thèse s'est exclusivement consacrée à l'étude de ce phénomène, et à la recherche de cette source de positons. La fraction de positons, le flux de positons et le flux d'électrons sont mesurés à l'aide d'une méthode de fit multidimensionnel mis au point lors de cette thèse. Une étude particul
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Boudaud, Mathieu. "Recherche indirecte de matière noire à travers les rayons cosmiques d'antimatière." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY050/document.

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La matière noire astronomique est une composante essentielle de l'univers. Depuis sa mise en évidence en 1933 par Fritz Zwicky dans l'amas de Coma, sa présence au sein des galaxies et des amas de galaxies a été largement confirmée. Les observations du satellite Planck permettent de fixer le modèle standard cosmologique selon lequel 85% de la matière de l'univers est constituée de matière noire.La nature de cette dernière demeure cependant aujourd'hui inconnue. De nombreux candidats ont été proposés. L'explication la plus plausible fait état de particules massives et interagissant faiblement av
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Campos, Ana Helena de. "Produção de partículas no universo primordial e sua aplicação em problemas de astrofísica e cosmologia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-16122013-174046/.

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Neste trabalho estudam-se três aplicações de mecanismos de produção de partículas no universo pós inflacionário. Apesar da motivação inicial para esses mecanismos ter sido o reaquecimento do universo, eles foram utilizados, posteriormente, para produzir partículas supermassivas. A produção de partículas, sejam elas supermassivas ou não, depende essencialmente do modelo inflacionário utilizado. Aqui, trabalha-se com modelos inflacionários caóticos gerados por um campo escalar, o inflaton. A primeira aplicação estuda a produção de partículas supermassivas pelo mecanismo de pré-aquecimento instan
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42

Leloup, Clément. "Contraintes expérimentales sur des modèles avec champ scalaire léger dans le secteur sombre en cosmologie et physique des particules." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS303/document.

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Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse contraignent les paramètres d'un modèle de cosmologie, le modèle du galileon, et d'un modèle de physique des particules, le modèle du branon, qui sont des extensions des modèles standards. Ces modèles, qui supposent l'existence d'un champ scalaire additionnel et peuvent trouver leurs origines dans les théories à dimensions supplémentaires, offrent des explications élégantes aux questions de la nature de l'énergie noire et de la matière noire respectivement. La première partie de cette thèse présente les prédictions du modèle du galileon et les résultats o
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43

Angus, Garry W. "Modified Newtonian dynamics at all astrophysical scales." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/530.

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In this thesis I test the modified Newtonian dynamics as an alternative to the cold dark matter hypothesis. In the Milky Way, I show that the dynamics of the dwarf galaxies are well described by the paradigm and I confirm its distant low surface brightness globular clusters provide a strong test, for which I make predictions. Through analysis of a sample of 26 X-ray bright galaxy groups and clusters I demonstrate that the three active neutrinos and their anti-particles are insufficient to reconcile modified Newtonian dynamics with the observed temperatures of the X-ray emitting gas, nor with w
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44

Cadiou, Corentin. "L’impact des grandes structures de l’Univers sur la formation des halos de matière noire et des galaxies How does the cosmic web impact assembly bias? Accurate tracer particles of baryon dynamics in the adaptive mesh refinement code Ramses Galaxy evolution in the metric of the cosmic web Galaxies flowing in the oriented saddle frame of the cosmic web." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS508.

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À grande échelle, la distribution anisotrope de la matière forme un large réseau de vides délimités par des murs qui, avec les filaments présents à leurs intersections, tissent la toile cosmique. La matière qui doit former plus tard les halos de matière noire et leurs galaxies afflue vers les nœuds compacts se situant à l’intersection des filaments et garde dans ce processus une empreinte de la toile cosmique. Dans cette thèse, je développe une extension contrainte de la théorie de l’excursion qui, à l'aide d'un modèle de filament, me permet de montrer que l'environnement anisotrope a un effet
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45

Doux, Cyrille. "Combinaisons de sondes cosmologiques : deux applications avec les données de Planck et SDSS-III/BOSS." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC230/document.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse aux combinaisons d’observables cosmologiques provenant des mesures du fond diffus cosmologique et des relevés de galaxies, et est basée sur l’exploitation des données du satellite Planck et du Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) du Sloan Digital Sky Survey. On explore l’utilisation de corrélations croisées entre les jeux de données afin de mettre en évidence de nouveaux effets et d’améliorer les contraintes statistiques sur les paramètres cosmologiques. Dans un premier temps, on mesure pour la première fois une corrélation entre le lentillage gravitationnel d
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46

Gonzalez, Yuber Ferney Perez. "Massive Neutrinos: Phenomenological and Cosmological Consequences." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-14122017-162727/.

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The XX century witnessed the quantum and relativistic revolutions in physics. The development of these two theories, namely, Quantum Mechanics and Relativity, was the inception of many crucial discoveries and technological advances. Among them, one stands out due to its uniqueness, the neutrino discovery. However, several neutrino properties are still obscure. Neutrinos are the only fundamental particles whose nature is currently unknown. Such fermions can either be different from their antiparticles, i.e., Dirac fermions, or be their own antiparticles, that is, Majorana fermions. On the other
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47

Sanselme, Lilian. "Cosmologie observationnelle avec le satellite Planck : étude d'effets systématiques de l'instrument HFI et de l'ionisation de l'univers." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063405.

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Le satellite Planck a été conçu pour mesurer de manière ultime les anisotropies primairesen température du fond diffus cosmologique (CMB), et améliorer les contraintes existantes sursa polarisation. La première partie de cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre du traitement des donnéesde l'instrument à haute fréquence de ce satellite. Les propriété statistiques du bruit sonttestée. Des effets systématiques dans l'estimateur du bruit sont ainsi détectés, et certains ontpu être corrigés. La sélection des données à projeter sur les cartes est ensuite présentée, ainsique la validation de la qualité de
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48

Silva, Leandro José Beraldo e. "Sinais experimentais de matéria escura supermassiva e fortemente interagente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-20122010-152421/.

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Há várias evidências experimentais da existência de matéria escura no universo. Apesar destas evidências, pouco se sabe sobre sua constituição, sabendo-se apenas que interage gravitacionalmente, mas não eletromagneticamente. Neste projeto, investigamos a possibilidade da matéria escura ser composta por partículas supermassivas e fortemente interagentes (Simpzillas). Para isto determinamos o sinal que deve ser deixado no telescópio IceCube por neutrinos resultantes de aniquilações de matéria escura no Sol. Após determinarmos o espectro de neutrinos no centro do Sol, simulamos sua propagação at
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49

Laurent, Pierre. "L'univers aux grandes échelles : études de l'homogénéité cosmique et de l'énergie noire à partir des relevés de quasars BOSS et eBOSS." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS227/document.

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Ce travail de thèse se sépare en deux volets. Le premier volet concerne l'étude de l'homogénéité de l'univers, et le second une mesure de l'échelle BAO, qui constitue une règle standard permettant de mesurer l'évolution du taux d'expansion de l'univers. Ces deux analyses reposent sur l'étude de la structuration (ou clustering) des quasars des relevés BOSS et eBOSS, qui couvrent la gamme en redshift 0,9 &lt; z &lt; 2,8. Les mesures des observables caractérisant la structuration de l'univers aux grandes échelles sont très sensibles aux effets systématiques, nous avons donc étudiés ces effets en
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50

Bonnivard, Vincent. "Détection indirecte de matière noire : des galaxies naines sphéroïdes en photons gamma à la recherche d'anti-hélium avec l'expérience AMS-02." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY022/document.

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De nombreuses observations astrophysiques indiquent l'existence de grandes quantités de masse manquante dans l'Univers, et ce de l'échelle galactique à l'échelle cosmologique. Découvrir la nature de cette masse invisible constitue le problème de la matière noire, qui apparaît comme l'un des enjeux majeurs de la physique moderne. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le contexte de la détection indirecte de matière noire. Cette dernière serait composée de nouvelles particules élémentaires, dont les produits d'annihilation pourraient être observés dans le rayonnement cosmique. Nous étudions dans ce travail
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