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Journal articles on the topic 'Darjeeling foothills'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Devi, Moonmee, and Debjyoti Bhattacharyya. "Rediscovery of the red-listed grass Isachne dimyloides (Poaceae: Micrairoideae) 130 years after type collection." Phytotaxa 221, no. 1 (July 28, 2015): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.221.1.11.

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This paper reports rediscovery of a rare grass Isachne dimyloides after a gap of 130 years since its type collection. The type locality of the species is the Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India and the collection was made by C.B. Clarke in the year 1884. The present collection was made in 2012 from Cachar district of Assam (India) which also indicates its geographic range extension from the Darjeeling foothills to the Assam floodplain. In this paper a description of the species, a key, and an illustration are provided to facilitate identification. Priority conservation is highly recommended for this rare species.

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2

Ghosh, P., A. Mandal, Madhumita Chakraborty, P. Chakraborty, MG Rasul, and A. Saha. "Triterpenoids from Schleichera oleosa of Darjeeling foothills and their antimicrobial activity." Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 73, no. 2 (2011): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474x.91568.

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3

Chamling, Novin, Nilesh Bhowmick, Binayak Chakraborty, Abhas Kr Sinha, Puspendu Dutta, and Somnath Mandal. "Ameliorative Role of Boron on Morpho-physiological Characters of Mandarin Orange Seedlings under Aluminium Stress Condition." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 19 (September 9, 2023): 1830–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i193734.

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Darjeeling mandarin orange is well known for its unique and delicious taste. It is also considered as one of the major cash crop of Darjeeling hills. But in recent past, the production has been declined drastically due to some of the biotic and abiotic factors. Acidic soils are mainly confined in this region which has a complex interaction of growth limiting factors that can restricts growth by inducing stress on plants through triggering aluminium stress and micronutrient Deficiency. This has resulted in declination in production and quality of mandarin orange grown in foothills of Darjeeling. Since boron is known to act as ameliorative role under aluminium toxicity, the present study was investigated to understand the effect of boron in mandarin orange seedlings grown under aluminium stress condition. Seedlings of Darjeeling mandarin orange were fertilized with Hoagland solution containing four levels of boron (i.e, 0µM, 5µM, 10µM and 25µM H3BO3) and two level of Aluminium (i.e., 0µM and 1200µM AlCl3.6 H2O) up to 22 weeks. Seedlings without boron and aluminium was treated as the control. Aluminium at higher concentration severely hinder physiological changes in terms of shoot length, leave numbers, leaf area, fresh shoot, root weight, chlorophyll content and carotenoid of mandarin seedlings. However, the application of boron improved the physiological attributes under higher concentration of aluminium. Furthermore, application of boron concentration at 10µM proved to be better treatment for mandarin seedlings grown under aluminium stress condition.

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4

Chowdhury, Monoranjan, Aratrik Pal, Sujit Mondal, Payel Paul, Mridushree Basak, Deepika Chhetri, and Roshni Chowdhury. "Conservation of germplasm and role of Centre for Conservation & Utilization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant of NBU, West Bengal, India." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 11, no. 1 (2019): 32–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2019.v11i01.004.

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Centre for Conservation & Utilization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant is one of important Herbal garden in India and is located within the campus of University of North Bengal at the foothills of Darjeeling District, West Bengal. Present this ex-situ conservatories houses a total of 729 species of vascular plants belonging to 477 genera and 153 families. Several endemic and threatened species are growing in this garden. The garden is very good store house of various medicinal and aromatic plants and also involve in active research activity.

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5

Prasad, M., A. K. Kannaujia, Alok, and Sanjai Kumar Singh. "Plant megaflora from the Siwalik (Upper Miocene) of Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India and its palaeoclimatic and phytogeographic significance." Journal of Palaeosciences 64, no. (1-2) (December 31, 2015): 13–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.2015.103.

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Qualitative and quantitative analysis of fossil assemblage so far collected from the Middle Siwalik sediments of Darjeeling District, West Bengal revealed the occurrence of 35 new taxa belonging to 18 angiospermous families. On the basis of present data as well as already known data from there, the reconstruction of vegetation scenarios of Himalayan foothills during Siwalik time has been done. We also discussed problems related to plant diversity, endemism, and migratory pathways of mainly phytogeographically important taxa. The analysis of present day distribution of all the recovered taxa from the region shows that they are mostly known to occur in Northeast India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and the Malayan region where the climatic conditions are favourable. About 1/3 taxa of total assemblage are found to grow presently in the Himalayan foothills of the eastern region and the remaining 2/3 taxa are locally extinct. This indicates that the climatic changes must have taken place after Mio–Pliocene. The dominance of evergreen elements in present fossil assemblage indicates the prevalence of tropical warm humid climate with plenty of rainfall during the deposition of sediments. Foliar physiognomic approach for reconstruction of palaeoclimate further suggests that the Oodlabari area in the Himalayan foothills of West Bengal enjoyed a tropical climate (with MAT 28.9º C and MAP 448 mm) during the Miocene Period. This is, however, contrary to the present day climate of the area with reduced precipitation. On the basis of the present fossil assemblage, the coexistence intervals of different climatic parameters, i.e. Mean Annual Temperature (MAT), Warmest Month Temperature (WMT), Coldest Month Temperature (CMT), and Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP) have been estimated as 22º C–26.5º C, 17.8º C–20º C, 25º C–30º C, and 2650–3200 mm, respectively. However, Leaf Margin Analysis (LMA) suggests the MAT value as 28.9º C for the area during Upper Miocene.

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6

More, Sandip, Dipak Kumar Paruya, Suchana Taral, Tapan Chakraborty, and Subir Bera. "Depositional Environment of Mio-Pliocene Siwalik Sedimentary Strata from the Darjeeling Himalayan Foothills, India: A Palynological Approach." PLOS ONE 11, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): e0150168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150168.

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7

Chaudhuri, Adwitiya. "Delineating species boundary through DNA barcodes ofsome fishes inhabiting river Murti in the foothills of Darjeeling Himalayas." International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences (IJARBS) 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijarbs.2022.09.09.001.

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The aim of the present study was to establish a global bioidentification system in the form of a reference sequencelibrary where fish species inhabiting river Murti were delineated by a particular sequence denoted as genetic‘barcode’.40 species representing 27 genera, 16 families and 5 orders were collected along different altitudinal gradients if river Murti. Mitochondrial DNA was isolated from the samples followed by amplification of COI gene, alignment by CLUSTAL W and submission to GenBank. The average nucleotide frequencies were calculated whereall the fishes showed relatively higher GC content at second codon position. Haplotypes showed gradually decreasinggenetic distance within orders, families, genera with very low genetic distance within species indicating markedgenetic divergence beyond species boundaries. The average transitional pairs were found more frequent than averagetransversional pairs. The Neighbour Joining tree revealed distinct clusters formed by members of order Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, Perciformes, Synbranchiformes and Beloniformes, where the conspecific individualswere always found to cluster under the same node supported by high bootstrap value, while dissimilar species wereclustered under separate nodes, ensuring unambiguous identification of species. The research work suggests that COI barcoding can be taken up as a sensible approach to eliminate obscurity in the identification of the fish fauna withapplications in its management and conservation of the species inhabiting in specific microhabitats. Keywords: COI gene, DNA Barcode, sequence library, unambiguous identification, conservation.

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8

De, Damayanti, Ananda Mukhopadhyay, and Ranadhir Chakraborty. "A novel bacterial pathogen (Enterobacter sp.) isolated from the leaf roller, Caloptilia theivora of tea of Darjeeling foothills." World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 24, no. 11 (May 1, 2008): 2727–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-008-9760-0.

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9

Mahato, S., and M. A. Khan. "The First Fossil Record of Coryphoid Palm from Siwalik Strata (Middle Miocene) of Darjeeling Foothills of Eastern Himalaya." Paleontological Journal 57, S3 (December 2023): S268—S284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s003103012360004x.

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10

Mukhopadhyay, Ananda, and Damayanti De. "Pathogenecity of a baculovirus isolated from Arctornis submarginata (Walker) (Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae), a potential pest of tea growing in the Darjeeling foothills of India." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 100, no. 1 (January 2009): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2008.08.006.

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11

Besky, Sarah. "The Plantation's Outsides: The Work of Settlement in Kalimpong, India." Comparative Studies in Society and History 63, no. 2 (March 25, 2021): 433–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417521000104.

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AbstractWhile the colonial and contemporary economy of Bengal's Himalayan foothills is most often associated with the tea plantations of Darjeeling and the Dooars, the small farms of nearby Kalimpong were also a key space in which colonial agents and missionaries worked to “settle” the mountainous terrain. Focused on Kalimpong, this article traces the trajectory of one technology of settlement, agricultural extension, from the late 1880s to the early 1940s. It highlights agricultural extension's racialized and gendered politics, as well as its implication in a long-term project that merged material (i.e., food) provision with social reproduction (i.e., childrearing, kin-making). Agricultural extension created a patchwork of relatively biodiverse small farms that historical and contemporary accounts describe as a “green belt”: a socio-ecological outside to the plantation monocultures that dominate the hills. British governors attempted to use non-plantation space for multiple ends. In this sense, their work might be termed “biopolitical,” in that it was geared toward supporting and amplifying the life chances of certain human bodies and certain botanical species. Through a series of experiments, colonial agents made calculated choices about which of these forms of life should be made to flourish, and which might be allowed to perish. Importantly, settlement, as a set of intertwined projects, did not unfold in a coherent or deliberately sequential manner. Settlement was, and continues to be, a sedimentary process.

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12

Rudra, Mahua, and Min Bahadur. "Inter-Population Genetic Variation in the Indian Pygmy Field Mouse Mus terricolor Blyth, 1851 (Rodentia, Muridae) from Terai and Dooars of Darjeeling Foothills." Proceedings of the Zoological Society 72, no. 3 (October 16, 2018): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12595-018-0274-y.

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13

Thokdar, Tanmay, and Snehasish Saha. "A micro scale study of Mahananda river bank erosion and temporal Land use land cover scenario with special reference to natural forest in the foothills of Darjeeling Himalaya, West Bengal, India." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 8, no. 10 (October 13, 2023): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n10.012.

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Bank erosion is an inevitable vestige of past to evident fluvial dynamics in relation to its discharge and velocities and work-load in view of its load washed or unwashed. The central idea is best suited to study the case of River Mahananda alias Mahanadi within the Upper Mahananda River basin area having similar kind of attestation of facts. The present study needed extraction of satellite imageries of Landsat from USGS sites associated with its processing and ultimately to frame out the temporal scenes through NDVI technique to visualize if the forest cover is at all influenced by bank erosion or not or for specific scales whatever is the reality. The inference registered heavy scouring along the hugging banks with temporal avulsions and bed aggradation. The rates of change of foothill forest areas and variation of cultivable areas for a period of 30 years initiating from 1990 is addressed to study here.

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14

Rai, Upkar. "Diversity of Trees in the Darjeeling Foothill Region of Eastern Himalaya." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 2, no. 1 (2008): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2008.v02i01.004.

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Phytosociological investigation using 20 x 20 m quadrats has been made on seven major forest types of Darjiling foothill region within an altitudinal range of 135 m to 1200 m leading to the record of 215 species of trees, 11 species of liana and three species of palms. Analysis of data revealed that the East Himalayan Sal forest showed highest species diversity but have moderate species richness and concentration of dominance. High species diversity and species richness were recorded from Semi Evergreen Mixed forest, Wet Mixed Deciduous Forest & Lower Bhabar Sal Forest with correspondingly low concentration of dominance. Bamboo brake had the lowest species diversity with high concentration of dominance. Computation of similarity index showed a poor relation between different forest types and reflected the developing nature of vegetation. Also, these forests have a high regeneration status with a good species composition. It has also been predicted that the anthropogenic interferences may cause the abrupt change in the structure of these vegetation types.

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15

Ghosh, Ruby, Subir Bera, Anindya Sarkar, Dipak Kumar Paruya, Yi-Feng Yao, and Cheng-Sen Li. "A ∼50 ka record of monsoonal variability in the Darjeeling foothill region, eastern Himalayas." Quaternary Science Reviews 114 (April 2015): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.002.

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16

Dhali, Md Kutubuddin, and Sutapa Mukhopadhyay. "Morphological dynamicity and sediment characteristics of channel bars in the piedmont rivers: a study of Darjeeling Himalayan foothill region, India." Journal of Sedimentary Environments 7, no. 1 (November 27, 2021): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43217-021-00080-5.

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17

Allay, Sanjita, Uttanka Kumar De, and Biswanath Chakraborty. "Root colonization of mandarin plants grown in orchards of Darjeeling hills and plains with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effects on plant growth." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 6, no. 1 (2012): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2012.v06i01.007.

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Citrus reticulata is an ancient commercial crop being cultivated in Darjeeling-Sikkim hills. Many diseases are prevalent in mandarin plants, out of them, bacterial & fungal diseases are mostly dangerous. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi were screened from rhizosphere of mandarin plants from the four different regions using wet sieving and decanting method. Microscopical observation revealed the presence of different genus of AM fungi present in the root as hyphae, spores and sporocarp. Glomus mosseae, G. fasciculatum, G. aggregatum, G. badium. G. constrictum, G. versiforme, Gigaspora gigantea, G. margarita, Acaulospora capsicula, A. bireticulata, Sclerocystis and Scutellospora rubra were found to be dominant in all the soil samples of mandarin. Species of Glomus were found to be high in both hilly and foothill regions. Glomus mosseae and G. fasciculatum were selected for mass multiplication in maize plant in pots. Histopathological study of root showed the presence of vesicles and arbuscules. AMF infection and total number of spores per 100 gram of soil were recorded. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of AMF spores of mandarin revealed clear morphology, spore wall characters and hyphal attachment of spores. Total phosphate content of the soil, soil analysis and enzyme activities in roots and leaves of mandarin plant from the different regions were studied. Three major defense enzymes peroxidase, chitinase and β- 1,3- glucanase showed enhanced activities and the total phosphate content also decreased in soil with respect to control. Present study evaluates the effect of AMF in plant growth and phosphate solubilization.

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18

Jairu, Dristika, and Sankar Kumar Acharya. "Impact of Altitude on the Livelihood of the Tea Garden Workers of North Bengal." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, July 17, 2020, 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i730373.

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A spectrum of variance has been observed in the dynamics of ecology, economy and sociology, while perceiving the difference in altitude of Himalayan terrains. Every level of elevation and slope, it has got its distinctive narratives and demeanor that shapes its economic progress and social interventions. The tea industry is sensitive to climate and geography, and with every drop in the elevation from the high-altitude Darjeeling district tea garden (2042 m) to the mid-elevation Kalimpong district tea gardens (1247 m) to the foothills of the Dooars tea garden (90 -1750 m), each has a distinctly unique story to unravel. The present study takes a look into the socio-ecological aspects along with climate change to observe the topographical terrains in the 3 distinctive altitudinal zones of Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Dooars, beyond its structural aspects thereby offering a cluster interpretation on its pattern of change in livelihoods by selecting the operating variables: Age, Family size, Formal education, Status of home, Nutritional status, Wage, Income, Per capita income, Diet, Mobile use, Interaction with office personnel, among other things, as variable of interest. It is observed that the wages, diet, status of home are the governing factors affecting the livelihood choices at most of the altitudinal zones. Therefore, the study shows the effect of these variables on each of the zones uniquely to understand the grave issues of the tea gardens concerning the livelihood of the garden workers.

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19

Singh, Anil Kumar, Rajesh Kumar Chauhan, Chitranjan Kumar, and B. Bera. "Sustaining Darjeeling Organic Tea (Camellia sinensis L) Production and Tea Quality Through Organic Inputs in the Himalayan Foothills." Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, January 27, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01137-2.

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20

Dey, Jhantu, and Lakpa Tamang. "Quantifying heterogeneities of vertical hydraulic gradients in a highly urbanized effluent river system in the Darjeeling Sub Himalayan foothills, India." Sustainable Water Resources Management 10, no. 3 (April 13, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40899-024-01077-4.

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21

Gazi, Mahasin, Arindam Kumar Naskar, Mitali Mondal, and Argha Deb. "Radiological safety assessment of drinking water in Darjeeling hill and its foothill areas: An experimental finding." Water Supply, July 12, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2022.259.

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This study intends to shed light on the radiological quality of potable water in one of the most important hill stations, Darjeeling and its surrounding foothill areas of West Bengal, India, which has not yet been explored. Radon concentration measuring study has been carried out in 62 water samples collected from both natural springs (SW) and tube wells (TW) in the above mentioned area using Alpha Guard radon monitor. The measured maximum and minimum radon levels of drinking water samples collected from natural springs are 13.04 Bq/l and 0.43 Bq/l respectively while those for tube wells are 71.02 Bq/l and 1.02 Bq/l respectively. The average radon activities in the two water sources separately and all together are 2.88 ± 0.41 and 25.67 ± 3.89 and 10.96 ± 1.97 Bq/l respectively. This study reveals that the average radon concentrations of water samples from both sources in this area are much below than the reference level of 100 Bq/l as prescribed by the WHO and EU Commission. The evaluated radon activities are used to determine inhalation, ingestion and then total annual effective dose (AED). The average total AEDs for the two type of water sources separately and all together (SW + TW) are 7.86 ± 1.11, 70.07 ± 10.64 and 29.93 ± 5.37 μSv/y respectively. The evaluated average total AEDs for the two type of drinking water sources separately and all together are also much below the reference limit of 100 μSv/y prescribed by the above mentioned two agencies. It suggests that the drinking water of this region is radiologically safe so far water borne radon hazards are concerned.

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