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Journal articles on the topic 'Darjeeling District'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Yu, Ren, Qianyi Wang, and Kee Cheok Cheong. "More than Tea - Environmental Decay, Administrative Isolation and the Struggle for Identity in Darjeeling." Malaysian Journal of Economic Studies 59, no. 1 (June 14, 2022): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjes.vol59no1.6.

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The victim of both geographical, historical and administrative isolation, Darjeeling owed its growth to tea cultivation in the hills by migrants from neighbouring Nepal collectively called Gorkhas. Their contributions notwithstanding, they felt discriminated by West Bengal’s residents to whose state they were administratively attached. Poverty and poor working conditions, with no voice in the tea estates, and poorly maintained infrastructure that brought frequent landslides have fuelled demands for “Gorkhaland”, a homeland separate from West Bengal, where the distinctiveness of their identity and their role as Indian citizens would be fully recognised. It did not help that the Darjeeling district had been administratively detached from the political mainstream. Periodic agitations against the state government have weakened local institutions, disrupted the local economy impacting adversely tea production and tourism on which the local economy and the Gorkhas depend. The West Bengal government had partly recognised Gorkha demands by establishing the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council and the Gorkhaland Territorial Administration (GTA) each vested with limited autonomy. But disagreements on autonomy have left the Gorkhaland issue unresolved. In the meantime, Darjeeling continues to experience gradual decay, absent adequate support from the West Bengal government and from Darjeeling’s local government, including the GTA itself.

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2

Gurung, Subhankar, Arun Chettri, Meera Tamang, and Mamta Chettri. "Identifying morphological diversity and superior germplasm of Citrus reticulata Blanco (Mandarin) in Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas, India: an application of DIVA-GIS and cluster analysis." OCTOBER 2020, no. 14(10):2020 (October 20, 2020): 1575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.10.p2351.

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Citrus reticulata is an important cash crop for the farmers in the Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas, India. The lack of knowledge of its diversity has only resulted in the lack of uniformity in the fruit quality. It has become imperative to identify superior varieties that meet the demands of the market to improve the citrus industry. Hence, a total of 105 accessions of mandarin were collected randomly from different locations to assess the morphological diversity using cluster analysis and DIVA-GIS. The orchards were randomly visited in each district of the state of Sikkim and two hilly districts of the state of West Bengal (WB). A sample tree was selected from each orchard and the quantitative and qualitative characters of its leaves, flowers, and fruits were measured. A significant variation was observed in the quantitative characters with a positive correlation between fruit weight and length, fruit diameter and weight, total soluble solids (TSS) /acidity and fruit diameter. The first 6 components of Principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited 69.34% of the total variation. DIVA-GIS showed the highest diversity index for fruit weight, fruit diameter and TSS/acidity in East district, Sikkim. The highest coefficient variation for fruit diameter was observed in the East district and Darjeeling district, WB and TSS/acidity and fruit weight in East district. The dendrogram generated divided the accessions into two major clusters. The grid maps generated identified diverse accessions in the East district and Darjeeling district, which can be a source of superior germplasm

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3

Muthukkaruppan, M., A. Nithya, and P. Parthiban. "Caffeine estimation in Darjeeling District tea samples." Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 11, no. 5 (2018): 1981. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2018.00368.2.

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4

Devi, Moonmee, and Debjyoti Bhattacharyya. "Rediscovery of the red-listed grass Isachne dimyloides (Poaceae: Micrairoideae) 130 years after type collection." Phytotaxa 221, no. 1 (July 28, 2015): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.221.1.11.

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This paper reports rediscovery of a rare grass Isachne dimyloides after a gap of 130 years since its type collection. The type locality of the species is the Darjeeling district of West Bengal, India and the collection was made by C.B. Clarke in the year 1884. The present collection was made in 2012 from Cachar district of Assam (India) which also indicates its geographic range extension from the Darjeeling foothills to the Assam floodplain. In this paper a description of the species, a key, and an illustration are provided to facilitate identification. Priority conservation is highly recommended for this rare species.

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5

Das, Mahashweta. "History of Darjeeling District Migration Between 1872-2011." Journal of Advances in Social Science and Humanities 6, no. 9 (September 26, 2020): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/jassh.v6i9.531.

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The human migration is one of the fundamental aspects of social science. Even though it is an interdisciplinary research problem, currently History scholars are also attracted with this problem. Many classical queries such as who moves, when do they move, what are the historical events associated with the movements, why do they move, what are the impacts when they live there are frequently arisen in migration related social science research problems. It is admitted that historical data sets are not exact as obtained from scientific experiments, or physical measurements. It is always important to study history with exact robust estimated historical data which can only be derived by adopting some scientific modeling approach from the raw available data. The current article aims to study the history of migration, or equivalently population growth trend of Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India from 1872 to 2011 using census data, adopting cubic spline and probabilistic parametric models. The current paper not only develops the robust estimates of population growth data during this period, but also focuses on many migration related social science research problems as stated above. All these above mentioned historical events are located from the developed cubic spline and probabilistic parametric models. Note that, probabilistic parametric model provides better estimates than the cubic spline model within this period.

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6

Turin, Mark. "The Thangmi verbal agreement system and the Kiranti connection." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 61, no. 3 (October 1998): 476–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00019303.

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Thangmi is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in central-eastern Nepal and north-eastern India. The majority of Thangmi speakers live in Nepal and still inhabit their traditional homeland of Dolakhá district. There are ethnic Thangmi in many of the other districts of the kingdom, especially in the neighbouring districts of Sindhupálcok, Sindhulī and Rámecháp. The Thangmi population in India is largely concentrated in Darjeeling and is the product of an emigration earlier this century.

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7

Agrawala, Dinesh, and Harsh Chowdhery. "Luisia secunda Seidenf. (ORCHIDACEAE) – A new Record for India." Indian Journal of Forestry 30, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2007-q9byeu.

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8

Dattamajumdar, Satarupa. "Reduplicated Expressives in Lepcha." Buckingham Journal of Language and Linguistics 2 (June 22, 2010): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/bjll.v2i0.11.

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Reduplication is defined as repetition or copying of a word or a syllable either exactly or partially in order to bring modification in the semantic interpretation or to convey some special meaning. As observed in Lepcha, (a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Sikkim and Darjeeling district of West Bengal) reduplicated expressives (structures which represent sounds or senses) may belong to the category of full reduplication as well as partial reduplication. Being an important structural phenomenon of the South Asian languages reduplicated expressives play a vital role in the system of communication and so demands a vivid description of its form and function with reference to the semantic interpretation. The data of the present paper has been collected from field investigation conducted in Kalimpong subdivision of Darjeeling district of West Bengal.

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9

Saha, Pamela, Md Aziz, and D. Maity. "New Records of Mosses from Darjeeling District, West Bengal." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-xy9a86.

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Five species, viz., Pohlia ludwigii (Schwaegr.) Broth. (Bryaceae), Philonotis mollis (Dozy & Molk.) Mitt. (Bartramiaceae) Homaliodendron exiguum (Bosch & Sande Lac.) Fleisch. (Neckeraceae), Cyathophorella burkillii (Dixon) Broth. (Hypopterygiaceae ) and Claopodium assurgens (Sull. & Lesq.) Cardot (Thuidiaceae Schimp.) have been recorded for the first time from Darjeeling district of West Bengal and reported as new to the state. Detailed description and illustration of all the recorded species have been provided.

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10

Mallick, Jayanta Kumar. "Mammals of Kalimpong Hills, Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 4, no. 12 (October 10, 2012): 3103–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.o2418.3103-36.

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11

Pal, Ram, and R. Medhi. "A colour variant of Liparis Bootanensis Griff. from Darjeeling Hills." Indian Journal of Forestry 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2010-avqp5g.

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A colour variant of Liparis bootanensis Griff. collected from Mangpoo, Darjeeling district of West Bengal has been recorded for the first time from India. The variant is described here with the help of photographs.

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12

Singh, Trilochan, and Usha Bajpai. "On some plant fossil from Gondwana equivalent sediments of Eastern Himalaya." Journal of Palaeosciences 37, no. (1-3) (December 31, 1988): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1988.1625.

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The plant fossils reported here were recovered from Gondwana equivalent continental facies outcropping in Kameng District (Arunachal Pradesh), South Sikkim District (Sikkim) and Darjeeling District (West Bengal). The flora comprising equisetalean axes, Phyllotheca sp., Glossopteris stenoneura Feistmantel, G. communis Feistmantel, G. sp. cf. G. leptoneura Bunbury, G. syaldiensis Chandra & Surange, G. formosa Feistmantel and Vertebraria indica Royle resembles that of the Late Permian Raniganj Formation of peninsular India.

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13

Saha, Pamela, Md Aziz, and D. Maity. "Notes on the Occurrence of Timmiella (De Not.) Limpr., In Darjeeling District: A New Generic Record from Eastern Himalaya." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-j60354.

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Timmiella anomala (B.S.G.) Limpr. is recorded new from Darjeeling district, West Bengal in Eastern Himalaya. A detailed description of the taxon with illustration, photomicrograph, SEM micrographs, along with note and discussion for its status is presented.

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14

Roy, Sourav, and Samiran Chakrabarti. "Two new species of acaricaline eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from India." Systematic and Applied Acarology 25, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.25.3.15.

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Two new species of eriophyoid mites viz., Cymeda indica sp. nov. on Cyclosorus dentatus. (Thelypteridaceae) and Neoacaphyllisa alangia sp. nov. on Alangium sp. (Cornaceae) are described here from Darjeeling district of West Bengal and Guwahati district of Assam, India respectively. The new species belong to the family Eriophyidae, subfamily Phyllocoptinae and tribe Acaricalini. They are the second members in the respective genera.

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15

Sam, Koyel, and Dr Namita Chakma. "An Inter-Block Level Analysis of Regional Disparity in the Youngest Alipurduar District of West Bengal." Space and Culture, India 3, no. 3 (March 26, 2016): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v3i3.159.

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Alipurduar (also known as ‘Dooars’) was a subdivision of Jalpaiguri district before its emergence as the new 20th district of West Bengal on 25 June 2014. The districts of North Bengal (including Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and Malda) have been poorly placed in comparison to the state of West Bengal, in terms of Human Development Indicators: low literacy level, poor condition in sanitation, and partly availability of electricity and safe drinking water (Report on Comparative Backwardness of North Bengal Region, Government of India, 2002). Research on regional disparity is essential for addressing the lacuna in the planning process of development (Sen, 2001). In the present study, an analysis has been made in terms of the inter-block inequality in socio-economic and infrastructural development of Alipurduar district as a newly emerged region.

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16

Sharma, B. C., B. Rai, S. Kalikotay, B. Tamang, and R. Rai. "Bacteriological quality of Mirik lake waters, Darjeeling district, West Bengal." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 6, no. 1 (2012): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2012.v06i01.005.

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A study was conducted on Mirik Lake to assess the bacteriological quality of the lake water during the period of March 2009 through February 2010. Water samples were collected from five different sites of the lake and analysed for bacteriological study to enumerate the seasonal distribution of total bacterial count, total coliform, faecal coliform bacteria and faecal streptococci. Total heterotrophic bacterial count per 100 ml (cfu/100 ml) was found to be 0.2x106-0.3x106 in monsoon, 1.0 x 106-6.7 x106 in summer and 4.75 x 106 - 10 x 106 in winter. The range of total coliform was observed to be 1100 - 1750 / 100 ml, 1100 - 2400/ 100 ml and 1750 - 2400 /100 ml in winter, summer and monsoon seasons, respectively. Faecal coliform was recorded to be 49 - 1245 / 100 ml in winter, 1320 - 2400 /100 in summer and 780 - 2400 / 100 ml in monsoon. The range of faecal streptococci was found to be 43-125 /100 ml in winter, 87-1100/100 ml in summer and 87 - 1340 /100 ml in monsoon. The study indicated that the lake water was polluted by faecal contaminants of human origin to the extent that water was unsafe to be used for domestic as well as recreational purposes, also the total bacterial load exceeded the standard prescribed level (WHO, 1983) and both parameters showed variation according to the sampling sites and season.

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17

Yonzone, G. S., and S. K. Chatterjee. "CULTIVATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN DARJEELING DISTRICT: ITS FUTURE POTENTIALITIES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 188 (June 1986): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.188.22.

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18

Garg, Arti, and Rajeev Singh. "Additions to the Flora of West-Bengal from Darjeeling District." Indian Journal of Forestry 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2013-wffdpq.

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Three taxa viz. Gomphostemma mastersii Benth. ex Hook. f., Phlomis bracteosa Royle ex Benth. and Phlomis tibetica C. Marquand & Airy Shaw are reported as new distributional records for West Bengal flora.

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19

Mondal, Dr Nityagopal, and Dr Birbal Saha. "Achievement Difference in Science at Secondary Level in Darjeeling District: A Comparative Study." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/feb2013/31.

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20

Paul, T., and Anant Kumar. "Extended Distribution of Hyptis Brevipes Poit. in India." Indian Journal of Forestry 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2012-sk9t9u.

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Hyptis brevipes Poit. (Lamiaceae), an exotic species had been reported earlier from Andaman Islands but so far not yet been reported from mainland of India. Now this species has been collected from Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary, Darjeeling District, West Bengal and reported here as new distributional record from mainland of India.

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21

Antal, J. S., M. Prasad, and E. G. Khare. "Fossil woods from the Siwalik sediments of Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India." Journal of Palaeosciences 43, no. 1-3 (December 31, 1994): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1994.1180.

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The fossil woods described in this paper form the first report from the Himalayan foot-hills near Oodlabari, a small town on Siliguri-Guwahati Highway, Darjeeling District, West Bengal. These belong to the extant genera Baubinia Linn. and Diospyros Linn. of the families fabaceae and Ebenaceae, respectively and have been described as Baubiniumpalaeo malabaricum Prakash & Prasad and Ebenoxylon miocenicum Prakash. They indicate the prevalence of tropical humid climate in the foot-hills during Siwalik sedimentation.

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22

Prasad., Gopal. "ASSESSMENT OF CRIME AGAINST WOMEN OCCURRED IN SEASONS OF DARJEELING DISTRICT." International Journal of Advanced Research 5, no. 4 (April 30, 2017): 1116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/3922.

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23

Bhattacharya, Sayan, G. Ghosh, T. Banerjee, S. Goswami, and P. Das. "Socio-Environmental Survey of an Ecologically Important Hamlet of Darjeeling District West Bengal, India." International Letters of Natural Sciences 33 (January 2015): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.33.51.

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Forest cover in hills is essential to maintain environmental, economic and ecological balances. North Bengal accounts for 3,086 sq km (26 %) of the 11,876 sq km area of classified forests in the state, and for nearly 5,000 sq km (40 %) of all land under tree cover. Upper Chatakpur is one of the emerging ecotourism spots of north Bengal, located at an altitude of 7887 feet in Darjeeling district. It is a 180 years old ethnic village with 19 houses and a population of about 89, and at an altitude of 7887 ft. It is about 8 km. from Sonada (26° 57' N, 88° 16' E), 22 km. from Darjeeling (26° 2' N, 88° 15' E) and 72 km. from Siliguri (26° 42' N, 88° 25' E). Upper Chatakpur Village situated within Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary, Darjeeling. The sanctuary with an area of 38.88 sq. km has an elevation of 1500-2600 m. The survey work was done in December, 2014 by visiting upper Chatakpur village and the primary data were gathered through field survey and direct contact with common people and authorized centers of the region. Surveys on the topography, demography, agriculture, livestock, water management, education, culture, health, waste management, transport, biodiversity, human animal conflict were done in this area. Medicinal plant diversity was studied in the village area and information was gathered from the local forest department centre. Information regarding the transport system was collected from the local transport office and syndicate. Census report was collected from the Sonada Panchayat Office. Health and education information was collected from the local primary school and the local sub health centre. Information on sustainable agricultural practices and waste management policies is collected through surveys in the village houses and agricultural fields. Biodiversity of Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary was documented by visiting the forest areas. Pictorial documentation was done in every phase of study. In spite of getting so much attention in the recent time, the village is not adequately developed. There is an urgent need for implementing sustainable management systems in the areas for the betterment of the socio-environmental structures. Some of the possible management strategies have been suggested for maintaining the social, environmental, economic and ecological balance of the region.

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Bhattacharya, Sayan, G. Ghosh, T. Banerjee, S. Goswami, and P. Das. "Socio-Environmental Survey of an Ecologically Important Hamlet of Darjeeling District West Bengal, India." International Letters of Natural Sciences 33 (January 27, 2015): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-98o2w2.

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Forest cover in hills is essential to maintain environmental, economic and ecological balances. North Bengal accounts for 3,086 sq km (26 %) of the 11,876 sq km area of classified forests in the state, and for nearly 5,000 sq km (40 %) of all land under tree cover. Upper Chatakpur is one of the emerging ecotourism spots of north Bengal, located at an altitude of 7887 feet in Darjeeling district. It is a 180 years old ethnic village with 19 houses and a population of about 89, and at an altitude of 7887 ft. It is about 8 km. from Sonada (26° 57' N, 88° 16' E), 22 km. from Darjeeling (26° 2' N, 88° 15' E) and 72 km. from Siliguri (26° 42' N, 88° 25' E). Upper Chatakpur Village situated within Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary, Darjeeling. The sanctuary with an area of 38.88 sq. km has an elevation of 1500-2600 m. The survey work was done in December, 2014 by visiting upper Chatakpur village and the primary data were gathered through field survey and direct contact with common people and authorized centers of the region. Surveys on the topography, demography, agriculture, livestock, water management, education, culture, health, waste management, transport, biodiversity, human animal conflict were done in this area. Medicinal plant diversity was studied in the village area and information was gathered from the local forest department centre. Information regarding the transport system was collected from the local transport office and syndicate. Census report was collected from the Sonada Panchayat Office. Health and education information was collected from the local primary school and the local sub health centre. Information on sustainable agricultural practices and waste management policies is collected through surveys in the village houses and agricultural fields. Biodiversity of Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary was documented by visiting the forest areas. Pictorial documentation was done in every phase of study. In spite of getting so much attention in the recent time, the village is not adequately developed. There is an urgent need for implementing sustainable management systems in the areas for the betterment of the socio-environmental structures. Some of the possible management strategies have been suggested for maintaining the social, environmental, economic and ecological balance of the region.

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25

Antal, J. S., and M. Prasad. "Dipterocarpaceous fossil leaves from Ghish River section in Himalayan foot-hills near Oodlabari, Darjeeling District, West Bengal." Journal of Palaeosciences 43, no. 1-3 (December 31, 1994): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1994.1189.

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The fossil leaves belonging to the extant genera Dipterocarpus Gaertn. and Shorea Roxb. of the family Dipterocarpaceae have been described from the Middle Siwalik sediments exposed in Ghish River near Oodlabari in Darjeeling district, West Bengal. The occurrence of both these genera in the Siwalik sediments is phytogeographically significant and suggests the prevalence of warm humid climate during the deposition of Siwalik sediments in this region.

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26

Saha, Mausumi, and Romy Biswas. "An assessment of facilities and activities under integrated child development services in a city of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 6 (May 22, 2017): 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172165.

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Background: ICDS is the unique community based programme for early childhood care and development. The objective of the study were to assess the facilities and activities of ICDS centres and the utilization of ICDS services among children aged 6 months to 6 years in a city of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. Study setting and design – Community based cross-sectional study done in a city of Darjeeling District of West Bengal, India during June – September 2016.Methods: 30 ICDS centres were selected by cluster sampling method. From each cluster 7 households were selected randomly with help of register of AWCs. 30 AWWs and 210 mothers of 6 months – 6 years children were interviewed with pre-designed, pre-tested schedule.Results: 86.66% AWCs were running in pukka building. Toilet facility was absent in 43.33% AWC. All AWCs were well equipped & all workers were literate. 65.12% male child and 70.74% female child had received supplementary nutrition. Immunization records were present in all AWC. NHED was celebrated in all AWC twice monthly. 80% AWC referred sick children verbally. 17.61% of children took the meal to their home and 29.57% mother didn’t attend NHED meeting.Conclusions: There was gap in infrastructural facility and some activities. Mothers were satisfied with overall functioning of AWC.

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27

Sherpa, Kesang, Nisika Jaishee, Chandan Naskar, and Sangita Thapa. "An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India." Bio Science Research Bulletin 33, no. 2 (2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2320-3161.2017.00008.6.

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28

Singha, Chandan. "Marginal value of sub-watershed treatment on profit in Darjeeling district, India." Land Use Policy 101 (February 2021): 105089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105089.

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29

Ram, ()Rama, MN Ghosh, JB Saha, SK Bhattacharyya, AnimaHalder (Biswas), and Chitra Chatterjee. "Breast Feeding Practices in the Rural Community of District Darjeeling, West Bengal." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 25, no. 2 (2000): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.34090.

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30

Chawla, Amit, Sowmiya Chawla, Srinivas Pasupuleti, A. C. S. Rao, Kripamoy Sarkar, and Rajesh Dwivedi. "Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in Darjeeling Himalayas, India." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (September 16, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6416492.

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Landslide susceptibility map aids decision makers and planners for the prevention and mitigation of landslide hazard. This study presents a methodology for the generation of landslide susceptibility mapping using remote sensing data and Geographic Information System technique for the part of the Darjeeling district, Eastern Himalaya, in India. Topographic, earthquake, and remote sensing data and published geology, soil, and rainfall maps were collected and processed using Geographic Information System. Landslide influencing factors in the study area are drainage, lineament, slope, rainfall, earthquake, lithology, land use/land cover, fault, valley, soil, relief, and aspect. These factors were evaluated for the generation of thematic data layers. Numerical weight and rating for each factor was assigned using the overlay analysis method for the generation of landslide susceptibility map in the Geographic Information System environment. The resulting landslide susceptibility zonation map demarcated the study area into four different susceptibility classes: very high, high, moderate, and low. Particle Swarm Optimization-Support Vector Machine technique was used for the prediction and classification of landslide susceptibility classes, and Genetic Programming method was used to generate models and to predict landslide susceptibility classes in conjunction with Geographic Information System output, respectively. Genetic Programming and Particle Swarm Optimization-Support Vector Machine have performed well with respect to overall prediction accuracy and validated the landslide susceptibility model generated in the Geographic Information System environment. The efficiency of the landslide susceptibility zonation map was also confirmed by correlating the landslide frequency between different susceptible classes.

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31

Paul, Biswajit. "Use of TOPSIS method based on Entropy weights for determining the disparities in the developmental pat-tern: A study of North Bengal region, West Bengal." ENSEMBLE 3, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37948/ensemble-2021-0301-a005.

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The concept of development is very dynamic, it varies over space and time. The reasons behind this variation or inequality in the development of any region may be natural or anthropogenic or combination of both. It is not reasonable to determine the level of development of any region with only one parameter because it depends on multiple criterion. Thus, making it a necessary consideration to understand the developmental pattern of any region. This paper aims to study the pattern of regional disparities in the districts of North Bengal (West Bengal) in terms of its development. A district level analysis is considered to achieve the aim using 27 selected parameters under three distinct categories namely economic, infrastructural and socio-demographic indicators. Entropy Method is applied to weigh the parameters and finally the districts are ranked according to the performance score obtained by applying the TOPSIS model. A significant inequalities are observed in terms of development between the districts. On the basis of selected parameters Jalpaiguri (CI score 0.703) and Darjeeling district (CI score 0.560) stands at the highest level of development among the six districts of North Bengal and the remaining four falls under the low level of development (below average CI score 0.385).

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32

Ghosh, Nilanjana, and Indranil Chakrabarti. "Client satisfaction in Thalassemia Control Unit , North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling district, West Bengal." Annals of Applied Bio-Sciences 4, no. 1 (January 2017): A24—A30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/aabs.2017.1309.

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Bhattacharjee, Debashis, and Jyoti Ratan Ghosh. "Cephalic and Facial Indices among Adult Females of Kurseong." Indian Journal of Research in Anthropology 5, no. 1 (June 15, 2019): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijra.2454.9118.5119.2.

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The present cross-sectional study in Kurseong of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India was conducted among adult Nepali speaking Hindu females, aged 18 to 46 years. The aim of the study was to find out the cephalic and facial index of adult Nepali females. All measurements were taken by using standard techniques. The mean age was 35.56 (SD 8.56) years. It was observed that Mesocephal form was the dominant head type and Mesoprosop was the dominant face type among the studied population.

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Mandal, Diptojyoti, Sharmistha Bhattacherjee, Asit Kumar Biswas, and Sampriti Samanta. "Determinants of malnutrition among the tea garden workers of Darjeeling district in 2021: an ordinal regression analysis." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2023): 2132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20231692.

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Background: Due to increasing lifestyle changes and poverty, double burden of malnutrition is becoming more and more severe, especially in the underserved areas like tea gardens. Food security is also a major issue not only in underdeveloped countries but also in developing countries like India. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition among the tea garden workers and to find out the associated factors with malnutrition among the tea garden workers of Darjeeling district. Methods: 200 people were selected from 10 tea gardens of Darjeeling district by cluster sampling method. They were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to find out the associated factors with malnutrition. Weight and height was measured using standard measuring tools and then BMI was calculated. To find out the determinants of nutritional status, an ordinal regression analysis was done with the help of SPSS software. Results: The prevalence of under nutrition and obesity was 25% and 20.5% respectively. The ordinal regression model showed that the odds of higher BMI was found with increasing age, male gender, being a permanent garden employee and higher educational status. Household food insecurity increased the odds of undernutrition, as individuals from food secure households had significantly higher odds of getting higher BMI. Conclusions: Nutritional status is closely associated with socio-economic and demographical variables and household food security. To ensure the health and nutrition of the tea garden workers, a more comprehensive strategy to addressing socio-demographic issues and household food security is required.

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Subba, Sushna. "Religio-Cultural Transitions in the Limbu Community of Darjeeling District: A Historical Perspective." SALESIAN JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51818/sjhss.09.2018.53-60.

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Bhattacharyya, T. P., A. Murmu, S. Chaudhuri, and P. C. Mazumder. "Status of Four Arboreal Species of Mammals in Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India." Records of the Zoological Survey of India 108, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v108/i3/2008/159039.

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Maumita Ghosh, Maumita Ghosh. "Awareness and Willingness to Pay for Health Insurance: A Study of Darjeeling District." IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science 12, no. 1 (2013): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0837-1214147.

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Chatterjee, Sumon, and Sanchari Roy Mukherjee. "Small borrowers’ indebtedness & repayment of loans in the district of Darjeeling, India." Asian Journal of Research in Banking and Finance 11, no. 6and7 (2021): 26–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7323.2021.00012.2.

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Sharma, Puran K., R. Ramakrishnan, Yvan J. F. Hutin, and M. D. Gupte. "Increasing incidence of malaria in Kurseong, Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India, 2000–2004." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 103, no. 7 (July 2009): 691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.07.019.

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40

Chawla, Amit, Srinivas Pasupuleti, Sowmiya Chawla, A. C. S. Rao, Kripamoy Sarkar, and Rajesh Dwivedi. "Landslide Susceptibility Zonation Mapping: A Case Study from Darjeeling District, Eastern Himalayas, India." Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 47, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12524-018-0916-6.

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41

Lepcha, Neelee K. C. "Problems And Prospects Of Water Resource Of Kurseong Municipality, Darjeeling District, West Bengal." Science Parks 1, no. 18 (November 1, 2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9780/23218045/1192013/45.

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Antal, J. S., and M. Prasad. "Angiospermous fossil leaves from the Siwalik sediments (Middle Miocene) of Darjeeling District, West Bengal." Journal of Palaeosciences 46, no. 3 (December 31, 1997): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1997.1353.

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In the present paper some more angiospermous leaf-impressions recovered from Ghish River, Lish River and Sevok Road section in Darjeeling District, West Bengal have been described, These are-Flacourtia tertiara Prasad & Awasthi 1996, Alsodeia palaeoracemosa sp. nov. (Flacourtiaceae), Shorea bengalensis sp. nov. (Dipterocarpaceae), Zizyphus palaeoapetala sp. nov., Ventilago tistaensis sp. nov. (Rhamnaceae), Syzygium palaeocuminii Prasad & Awasthi 1996 (Myrtaceae) and Homonoia mioriparia sp. nov. (Euphorbiaceae). Out of these seven taxa, five are new records to the Siwalik flora. The dominance of evergreen and moist deciduous elements in the assemblage further confirms the prevalence of warm and humid climate during the deposition of the Himalayan foreland sediments.

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Asthana, Geeta, and Chandrakala Bhagat. "Entodontopsis setschwanica (Broth.) W.R. Buck & Ireland: An addition to West Himalayan Moss Flora with a brief note on the Genus Stereophyllum Mitt. and Entodontopsis Broth. in India." Indian Journal of Forestry 42, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2019-561742.

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Entodontopsis setschwanica (Broth.) W.R. Buck & Ireland is an epiphytic moss belonging to family Stereophyllaceae. The plants have been observed during the survey and investigation of mosses of Garhwal Hills, Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya. In India the species has been reported from Darjeeling (West Bengal) in Eastern Himalaya and from Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) in Western Ghats, South India so far. Now the species is being reported here for the first time from Pipalkoti in Chamoli district, (Garhwal Hills) Uttarakhand which is an addition to West Himalayan Moss Flora.

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Antal, J. S., and Mahesh Prasad. "Some more leaf-impressions from the Himalayan foot-hills of Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India." Journal of Palaeosciences 43, no. 1-3 (December 31, 1994): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1994.1171.

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In the present paper five well-preserved leaf-impressions collected from the Siwalik sediments of Sevok Road cutting and Ramthi River sections in Darjeeling District, West Bengal have been described. These are Xanthophyllum mioflavescens sp. nov., Pterospermum siwalicum sp. nov., Swintonia miocenica Awasthi & Prasad, Millettia oodlabariensis sp. nov., and Glochidion (=Phyllanthus) palaeohirsutum sp. nov. showing close resemblance with the extant taxa Xanthophyllum flavescens Roxb., Pterospermum semi-sagittatum Ham., Swintonia floribunda Griff., Millettia albiflora Prain and Glochidiom birsutum Muell., of the families Xanthophyllaceae, Sterculiaceae, Anacardiaceae, Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae, respectively. The presence of these elements in the Siwalik sediments further suggests the prevalence of tropical humid climate in the region during sedimentation.

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Chowdhury, Monoranjan, Aratrik Pal, Sujit Mondal, Payel Paul, Mridushree Basak, Deepika Chhetri, and Roshni Chowdhury. "Conservation of germplasm and role of Centre for Conservation & Utilization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant of NBU, West Bengal, India." NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 11, no. 1 (2019): 32–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2019.v11i01.004.

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Centre for Conservation & Utilization of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant is one of important Herbal garden in India and is located within the campus of University of North Bengal at the foothills of Darjeeling District, West Bengal. Present this ex-situ conservatories houses a total of 729 species of vascular plants belonging to 477 genera and 153 families. Several endemic and threatened species are growing in this garden. The garden is very good store house of various medicinal and aromatic plants and also involve in active research activity.

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46

Rathi, Ranbir Singh, Kanakasabhapathi Pradheep, Somnath Roy, Sanjeev Kumar Singh, and Anup Kumar Misra. "Stahlianthus involucratus (King ex Baker) Craib ex Loes.: a new record to the flora of Mizoram, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 8, no. 3 (March 26, 2016): 8629. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.1841.8.3.8629-8631.

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The botanical study of a germplasm, looking similar to Curcuma species and originally collected from the wild in Kolasib District of Mizoram, at the field genebank of ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station, Shillong, led to its confirmation and authentication as Stahlianthus involucratus (King ex Baker) Craib ex Loes. Earlier, this taxon had been reported from the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland and West Bengal (Darjeeling) in India; this report indicates its distribution in Mizoram also. Its description, phenology, habitat and other field notes, and usefulness have been highlighted here.

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Bhadra, Sreetama, and Maumita Bandyopadhyay. "A new distribution report of the Critically Endangered Amomum kingii Baker (Zingiberaceae) outside Sikkim, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 9, no. 10 (October 26, 2017): 10835. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3065.9.10.10835-10838.

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In this correspondence, the distribution of a population of Amomum kingii Baker, a Critically Endangered species of Zingiberaceae, is reported from Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India. Previously, this plant was described only from Sikkim, India and no other population of this endemic plant has ever been found outside this distributional range. In the present study, the plant was morphologically described and molecular characterization was done for the first time using three DNA regions- ITS, matK and rbcL. The urgency and necessity of conservation of this plant has also been discussed.

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Thapa, Avantika, Pujan Kumar Pradhan, Bheem Dutt Joshi, Tanoy Mukherjee, Mukesh Thakur, Kailash Chandra, and Lalit Kumar Sharma. "Non-protected areas demanding equitable conservation strategies as of protected areas in the Central Himalayan region." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): e0255082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255082.

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The present study aims to explore the mammalian diversity of Darjeeling district using camera traps along with questionnaire survey in protected area (PA) and non- protected area (Non-PA). We also attempted to understand the influence of habitat variables on mammalian species richness using the generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). A total of 30 mammal species were recorded of which 21 species were detected through camera trapping with the most abundant records of barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) and least of the elusive Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) and red panda (Ailurus fulgens). Additionally, melanistic forms of four mammals were also recorded. The mammalian species richness, their capture rate and naïve occupancy did not differ significantly among the PA and Non-PA. The GLMM revealed that the proportions of oak and bamboo in the forest, percentage canopy cover and camera trap operational days (wAICc = 0.145, wBIC = 0.603) were significant predictors of species richness in the study. We suggest Non-PA forest of Darjeeling should be given equal conservation importance as to the PA. Landscape based conservation planning will be imperative for achieving long term conservation goals in the study area.

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Thapa, Manorama, and Pribat Rai. "Integrated Use of Remote Sensing and GIS in estimating Soil Erosion in the Tukvar Tea Plantation Area, Darjeeling, India by RUSLE Modelling." Disaster Advances 16, no. 10 (September 15, 2023): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1610da011016.

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Soil erosion is one of the major threats to food security and agricultural sustainability worldwide. Numerous factors including relief, slope, land use, land cover, rainfall pattern, soil texture, conservation techniques and anthropogenic factors, combine to cause soil erosion. The enormity and spatial distribution of soil erosion should be known for effectively assessing and mapping erosion-prone areas. In the hill region, soil loss is a significant component in decreasing stability and persistent loss causes landslides. So in order to study this, various soil erosion models have come up amongst which RUSLE has been adopted by many researchers. The goal of the current study is to forecast the projected soil loss in Tukvar tea plantations of the Darjeeling district. This study will provide an estimate of the amount and rate of erosion in the Darjeeling district's Tukvar tea plantations. This study revealed that the leading factors to soil erosion are slope factors and rainfall erosivity. The geo-coded reference of the geographic extent of soil erosion-prone areas will be useful for micro-level planning and will serve as a useful tool for managing and conserving soil.

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Tamang, S., S. Saha, D. Saha, and A. Saha. "Investigation on disease incidence, distribution and diversity of Begomoviruses infecting cucurbitaceous crops in North Bengal, India." Journal of Environmental Biology 45, no. 2 (March 23, 2024): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/45/2/mrn-5187.

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Aim: To study the disease incidence and diversity of Begomovirus infection and crop loss due to spread of virus across different districts of North Bengal. Methodology: Several fields in different districts of North Bengal were surveyed and potential begomoviral-infected samples were collected for further analysis. Total DNA extraction, PCR analysis, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted. Results: During 2019-2021, ten fields of each district were surveyed and begomoviral occurrence was observed in almost every field. The disease incidence in different districts varied from 15-45%. The highest disease (42.5%) incidence of was observed in the Darjeeling district while the lowest (15%) was recorded from Alipurduar district. The maximum crop loss due to Begomovirus was 64-100% in bitter gourd, 40-80% in cucumber and 20-30% in wax gourd. 153 samples from 6 different cucurbits were collected and analysed. PCR using AV494/AC1048 primers that amplified coat protein region (~550bp) showed 74% of the samples as positive. Upon sequencing and BLAST analysis, ToLCNDV, SLCCV and BGYVV were detected. In phylogenetic analysis, the isolates clustered in three separate clades based on Begomovirus species irrespective of the hosts. Present isolates showed more closeness to Indian and Bangladesh isolates. Interpretation: The documentation of disease severity caused by Begomovirus is of extreme importance for food security of the people. Present study revealed that Begomovirus is present in all the crop field studied. The results indicated an urgent need for the management of the viruses to save crops. Key words: Begomovirus, Cucurbitaceous crops, Disease incidence, North Bengal

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