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1
Gayon, Jean. "La théorie de la sélection : Darwin et l'aprés-Darwin." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010596.
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Kummer, David J. "The descent of Darwin a theological understanding of Charles Darwin /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Santamaria, Sylvia S. "Darwin or Frankenstein?" ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2639.
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Through sculpture and drawing, I create my own versions of natural specimens primarily based upon the visual unity of disparate organisms. Invented specimens are composed using a variety of processes employing a mixture of atypical materials following the (20th, 21st century) Postmodern shift away from formalist and traditional uses of any singular medium. As well as a variety of art materials, the specimens are hybrids of organic and biomorphic elements, blurring boundaries between botanical, animal, fungal, metal, and mineral. Is my approach perhaps like Charles Darwin, observant and studious naturalist, or am I more like Dr. Frankenstein, science fiction maker of monstrosities?
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Porto, Gabriel Pereira. "O buldogue de Darwin." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93689.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia, Florianopolis, 2010Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T02:10:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 279351.pdf: 638065 bytes, checksum: 54e9d77d74ab6341a8a5b848567c1088 (MD5)
Auto-intitulado o Buldogue de Darwin, Thomas Huxley ficou bastante conhecido como um fiel defensor do darwinismo, principalmente em âmbito não-especializado. Porém, sua advocacia nesse sentido teve como pano de fundo seu posicionamento filosófico, ao qual denominou cunhando o termo agnosticismo. Esse termo é comumente mal-interpretado e utilizado de forma inadequada, muitas vezes sendo entendido como um posicionamento religioso intermediário entre o deísmo e o ateísmo. Tal perspectiva está totalmente em desacordo com aquilo que Huxley tinha em mente quando cunhou o termo em uma reunião da extinta Metaphysical Society, onde, fortemente apoiado pelas filosofias de David Hume e Imannuel Kant, buscou exprimir sua posição perante os assuntos ali debatidos. O Agnosticismo é melhor compreendido como uma posição filosófica que defende a suspensão de juízo em relação a assuntos que transcendem à experiência, isto é, como uma reivindicação sobre as limitações e o escopo das faculdades cognitivas humanas. Ele deve ser utilizado como uma espécie de princípio de parcimônia epistemológico, que nega a validade a proposições sobre entidades que são em princípio inobserváveis. Obviamente um personagem que sustentava tal posição se sentiu bastante atraído por uma explicação totalmente naturalística acerca da história da vida na Terra, como aquela proposta por Charles Darwin em "A Origem das Espécies". Embora tivesse ressalvas sobre alguns pontos da teoria de Darwin, como o gradualismo e o mecanismo de seleção natural, Huxley, de um modo geral, estava em perfeita sintonia com a visão darwiniana. E Darwin, por sua vez, também estava em sintonia com o posicionamento filosófico de Huxley, e este servia perfeitamente como suporte para a aceitação de sua teoria, principalmente em relação ao público geral. Buscaremos portanto demonstrar a intrínseca relação existente entre o agnosticismo de Huxley e a teoria darwiniana da evolução. Embora fossem muito amigos, as defesas de Huxley à teoria darwiniana foram totalmente isentas de motivações extra-científicas. Será defendida também a ideia de que o agnosticismo, tal como Huxley o compreendia, enquanto um naturalismo epistemológico, leva inevitavelmente à uma visão evolutiva sobre a origem das espécies biológicas e as características apresentadas por elas. De modo semelhante, a revolução científica e cultural causada pela teoria darwiniana levou ao agnosticismo ser praticamente um axioma geral do pensamento científico a partir do século XX.
Self-titled Darwin's Bulldog, Thomas Huxley was well known as a staunch defender of Darwinism, primarily at the non-specialist. However, his advocacy in this direction was the background of his philosophical position, to which he coined the term agnosticism. This term is often misunderstood and used inappropriately, often being seen as a religious position intermediate between deism and atheism. This perspective is totally at odds with what Huxley had in mind when he coined the term in a reunion of the extinct Metaphysical Society, where he, strongly supported by the philosophy of David Hume and Imannuel Kant, sought to express its position on the issues there discussed. The agnosticism is best understood as a philosophical position that calls for suspension of judgment in respect of matters which transcend the experience, that is, as a claim about the limitations and scope of human cognitive faculties. It should be used as a kind of epistemological principle of parsimony, which denies the validity of the statements about entities that are unobservable in principle. Obviously a character who held such a position has felt very attracted to a completely naturalistic explanation about the history of life on Earth, like that proposed by Charles Darwin in "The Origin of Species". Although he had reservations about some points of Darwin's theory, such as gradualism and the mechanism of natural selection, Huxley, in general, he was in perfect harmony with the Darwinian view. And Darwin, in turn, was also in line with the philosophical position of Huxley, and it served well as support for the acceptance of his theory, especially in relation to the general public. Therefore, we seek to demonstrate the intrinsic relationship between the agnosticism of Huxley and Darwin's theory of evolution. Although they were good friends, the defenses of Huxley to Darwin's theory were completely free of extra-scientific motivations. We will also hold the idea that Huxley's agnosticism is like an epistemological naturalism, that leads inevitably to an evolutionary view on the origin of species and on the features presented by them. Similarly, the scientific and cultural revolution caused by Darwin's theory led to agnosticism is practically a general axiom of scientific thought from the twentieth century.
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Kureksiz, Ozge. "Non-darcian Flow Through Rockfills." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609720/index.pdf.
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An impermeable weir constructed across a stream prevents the longitudinal movement of aquatic life and transportation of physical and chemical substances in water, eventually having a negative impact on river environment. However, a rubble mound weir is considered environmentally friendly, since its permeability allows the streamwise migration of aquatic life. This thesis investigates the performance of
this type of weir as a water use facility. The particular objective of the investigation is to study the flow mechanism in terms of water surface profile and discharge through the weir. In the study, flow through the rubble mound weir is considered non-Darcian, steady, and one-dimensional. In the analysis, gradually varied open channel flow algorithm is applied to porous medium flow through the rubble mound
weir in which laminar and turbulent components of flow are taken into consideration. Unlike previous studies where Stephenson and Wilkins relations were used, in this thesis Forchheimer equation is used. To verify the validity of numerical solution of governing equation based on Forchheimer relation, an experimental investigation is conducted in the laboratory. The experimentally
obtained water surface profiles are compared with the numerical results. It is observed that there is a satisfactory agreement between numerical and experimental
results. The water surface profiles obtained by numerical solution are further compared with those based on Stephenson and Wilkins relations. It is concluded
that the proposed numerical solution technique for the Forchheimer based governing equation may be used in the analysis of flow through, and design of rockfill weirs.
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Lu, Jianxiong. "Non-Darcian air flow in wood." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25099.pdf.
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STORRER, FRANCOIS. "Contribution a l'elaboration et la qualification de la bibliotheque darling des donnees nucleaires de base du formulaire multi-filiere darwin de la physique du cycle du combustible." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112420.
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Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet darwin de reactualisation et d'unification des outils monofilieres de la physique du cycle du combustible d'aujourd'hui. On y presente la bibliotheque darling associee, s'appuyant sur la derniere evaluation jef 2 des donnees nucleaires de base. Une contribution a l'obtention et la qualification de darling (concernant les donnees de decroissance et les rendements de fission) est apportee par le calcul de la puissance residuelle des produits de fission (pf), compare aux mesures et standards les plus recents. Il est montre que l'amelioration des resultats aux temps courts de refroidissement est due a l'integration dans jef 2 de nouvelles evaluations de l'energie moyenne de desintegration des pf a vie courte, aussi bien theoriques qu'experimentales
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Bernstorff, Florian. "Darwin, Darwinismus und Moralpädagogik zu den ideengeschichtlichen Voraussetzungen des Darwinismus und seiner Rezeption im deutschsprachigen pädagogischen Diskurs des späten 19. Jahrhunderts." Bad Heilbrunn Klinkhardt, 2009. http://d-nb.info/996918248/04.
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Altinors, Adnan Altay. "Non-darcian Flow In A Fractured Aquifer." Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606386/index.pdf.
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Non-Darcian flow in a finite fractured aquifer is studied in this thesis. A stream bounds the aquifer at one side and an impervious stratum at the other. The aquifer consists of fractures capable of transmitting water rapidly and porous blocks which mainly store water. Unsteady flow in the aquifer due to a sudden or a gradual rise in the stream level is analysed by the double-porosity conceptual model. Governing equations for the flow in fractures and blocks are developed using the continuity equation. The fluid velocity in fractures is often too high for the linear Darcian flow so that the governing equation for fracture flow is modified by Forcheimer&rsquos equation which incorporates a nonlinear term. Governing equations are coupled by an interaction term that controls the quasi-steady state fracture-block interflow. Governing equations are solved numerically by the Crank-Nicolson implicit scheme. The numerical results are compared to the analytical results for the same problem which assumes Darcian flow both in fractures and blocks. Numerical and analytical solutions give same results when Reynold&rsquo
s number is less than 0.1. The effect of non-linearity on the flow appears when Reynold&rsquo
s number is greater than 0.1. The larger the piezometric head gradient, the higher the flow rate and, thus, higher the non-linearity is. The effect of aquifer parameters on the flow is also investigated. The proposed model and its numerical solution is a unique application of non-linear flow models to the fractured aquifers. It can be used in predicting water levels in fractured aquifers and evaluating time dependent flow rates in the analysis of recession hydrographs.
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Ferreira, Marcelo Alves. "Transformismo e extinção: de Lamarck a Darwin." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-24102007-150401/.
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A teoria da descendência com modificação de Darwin, que explica a origem de espécies através da seleção natural, é considerada um marco na história da ciência. A possibilidade de unificação de toda a biologia e a mudança que ela trouxe para nossos valores e para a nossa compreensão da posição da humanidade no universo ainda causam um grande impacto na sociedade e na relação entre ciência e filosofia. O objetivo do presente estudo é compreender alguns aspectos dos desenvolvimentos da ciência que antecederam essa teoria. Dois elementos foram estabelecidos como referências para essa análise: a teoria de Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, a mais importante a propor o conceito da transformação das espécies antes de Darwin e o problema científico da explicação da extinção. As várias teorias elaboradas para dar conta da diversidade de espécies na Terra, bem como para explicar o fenômeno da extinção são discutidas através das obras de Georges Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire e Richard Owen. Nessas teorias, as questões da adaptação e das noções teleológicas são destacadas devido à sua relação com o problema da extinção. A abordagem de Darwin para o problema da extinção é discutida em sua relação com o conceito de seleção natural e com o conceito de adaptação defendido pela teologia natural britânica.Darwin\'s theory of descent with modification, which explains the origin of species by natural selection, is considered a milestone in the history of science. The possibility of unification of the entire field of biology and the changes that it brought to our values and to our understanding of the position of mankind in the universe are still causing great impact in society and in the relationship between science and philosophy. The aim of this study is to understand some aspects of the developments of science that preceded this theory. Two elements were established as references for this analysis: the theory of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, the most important work proposing the concept of transformation of species before Darwin, and the scientific problem of the explanation of extinction. The several theories elaborated to account for the diversity of species on Earth as well as to explain the phenomenon of extinction are discussed through the works of Georges Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Richard Owen. Within these theories, the issues of adaptation and teleological notions are stressed because of their connection to the problem of extinction. Darwin\'s approach to the problem of extinction is discussed for its relation to the concept of natural selection and to the concept of adaptation defended by the british natural theology.
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Bonduki, Sonia. "Zoonomia de Erasmus Darwin: uma análise epistêmica." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13287.
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Previous issue date: 2013-11-04Erasmus Darwin (1731-1803) was a doctor, botanist, philosopher, inventor and poet. A closer look into his life and work unveils an active 18th-century English man of science, who had a significant role in the foundation of learned societies, such as Birmingham s Lunar Society. Mostly known in the present time as Charles Darwin and Francis Galton s grandfather, he was eventually attributed some anticipations of the former s ideas on evolution. However, Zoonomia was written to introduce the foundations of medical theory and practice to colleagues. According to Darwin, the laws of organic life corresponded to the operation of the faculties of the principle of motions, which he named as spirit of animation. Having resource to some of the ideas most prevalent in his time, he listed such faculties as being four: irritation, sensitivity, sensitivity, volition, and association. Consistently, in his nosology, Darwin applied Carl von Linné´s botanical taxonomy to those faculties to formulate a rational classification of disease, which could also serve as a therapeutic guide
Erasmus Darwin (1731-1803) foi médico, botânico, filósofo, inventor e poeta. Ao se estudar mais profundamente sua vida e sua obra, encontra-se um ativo homem de ciência na Inglaterra do século XVIII, tendo, inclusive, participado da fundação de sociedades de estudiosos, tais como a Lunar Society de Birmingham. Atualmente mais conhecido por ter sido o avô de Charles Darwin e Francis Galton, chegou-se, inclusive, a se atribuir a ele uma antecipação das ideias evolucionistas do primeiro. No entanto, Zoonomia é uma obra destinada a apresentar os fundamentos da teoria e da prática da medicina aos seus colegas. De acordo com Darwin, as leis da vida orgânica se resumem à operação das faculdades do princípio de movimento, que chama de espírito de animação e, com base nas ideias prevalentes na época, reduz à irritação, à sensação, à vontade e à associação. Na sua nosologia, aplica a taxonomia botânica de Carl Von Linné a essas faculdades, de modo a apresentar uma classificação racional das doenças que, ao mesmo tempo, serve como base à terapêutica
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Leal, Tacel Coutinho. "Daring art." Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/89077.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura CorrespondenteMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T16:31:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 227233.pdf: 1394110 bytes, checksum: 8c1a9129f3f6922e8c73ee84e6eb26fc (MD5)
As representações eróticas são o foco principal deste estudo. Mais especificamente, esta pesquisa tem por interesse a análise de representações eróticas que desafiem imagens patriarcais que advoguem a dominação e a hierarquia como atributos naturais das relações amorosas. Para tanto, este trabalho propõe uma investigação das obras "Calamus," de Walt Whitman, e "Twenty-One Love Poems," de Adrienne Rich, como uma maneira de interrogar as limitações do erotismo dito "mainstream." O corpus desta pesquisa é formado por obras de poetas e filósofos renomados como Platão, Octavio Paz e Georges Bataille - teóricos que discutiram extensivamente a questão do erótico - e por estudiosos de destaque nas áreas de feminismo, "gay and lesbian studies" e "queer studies", tais como Teresa de Lauretis, Ellen Greene, Catherine Belsey, Liz Yorke, Audre Lorde, Robert K. Martin, Jay Grossman e Greg Woods, entre outros. Este estudo demonstra que Whitman e Rich não apenas questionaram todo um sistema de representações eróticas patriarcais e excludentes, mas também propuseram uma estratégia política que é fruto de um erotismo desafiador e democrático.
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Escarrat, Laurent. "Contribution au mode coronographique de la mission Darwin." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011592.
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L'objectif de la mission spatiale Darwin de l'ESA est la détection directe, dans le domaine de l'infrarouge thermique, de planètes extra-solaires de type Terre autour d'étoiles proches et de rechercher des traces de vie dans l'atmosphère éventuelle via la spectroscopie.L'un des points durs technologiques de réalisation de l'instrument est la maîtrise de l'interférométrie à frange noire, et en particulier la recombinaison de quatre ondes et l'introduction sur deux d'entre elles d'un déphasage de pi achromatique.
Ce manuscrit présente l'étude d'un système compact de recombinaison, répondant à ces deux exigences : la cascade de CIA.
Dans un premier temps, la contexte scientifique de la mission Darwin est décrit et l'état des lieux des avancées réalisées est dressé.
Dans un deuxième temps, le principe et l'étude de faisabilité de la cascade sont détaillés, comprenant l'analyse des contraintes que posent son application au mode coronographique de Darwin et l'établissement des spécifications instrumentales associées. L'apport d'un filtrage spatial des fronts d'onde est aussi étudié.
Dans un troisième temps, les technologies en développement, susceptibles d'apporter de nouvelles solutions aux obstacles technologiques rencontrés, et le projet GENIE, précurseur au sol de Darwin sont succinctement décrits.
Les spécifications instrumentales établies sont réalisables, à la vue des performances technologiques accessibles à ce jour. Au terme de l'étude, il apparaît donc que la cascade de CIA pourrait être une solution alternative au mode de recombinaison de la mission Darwin.
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Henrysson, Sten. "Darwin, ras och nomadskola : motiv till kåtaskolreformen 1913." Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-33683.
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Escarrat, Laurent. "Contribution au monde coronographique de la mission Darwin." Nice, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011592.
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L’objectif de la mission spatiale Darwin de l’ESA est la détection directe, dans le domaine de l’infrarouge thermique, de planètes extrasolaires de type Terre autour d’étoiles proches et de rechercher des traces de vie dans l’atmosphère éventuelle via la spectroscopie. L’un des points durs technologiques de réalisation de l’instrument est la maîtrise de l’interférométrie à frange noire, et en particulier la recombinaison de quatre ondes et l’introduction sur deux d’entre elles d’un déphasage de π achromatique. Ce manuscrit présente l’étude d’un système compact de recombinaison, répondant à ces deux exigences : la cascade de CIA. Dans un premier temps, le contexte scientifique de la mission Darwin est décrit et l’état des lieux des avancées réalisées est dressé. Dans un deuxième temps, principe et l’étude de faisabilité de la cascade sont détaillés, comprenant l’analyse des contraintes que posent son application au mode coronographique de Darwin et l’établissement des spécifications instrumentales associées. L’apport d’un filtrage spatial des fronts d’onde est aussi étudié. Dans un troisième temps, les technologies en développement, susceptibles d’apporter de nouvelles solutions aux obstacles technologiques rencontrés, et le projet GENIE, précurseur au sol de Darwin, sont succinctement décrits. Les spécifications instrumentales établies sont réalisables, à la vue des performances technologiques accessibles à ce jour. Au terme de l’étude, il apparaît donc que la cascade de CIA pourrait être une solution alternative au mode de recombinaison de la mission DarwinThe main goal of the ESA Darwin mission is to archive, in the thermal infrared spectral domain, the direct detection of earth-like exo-planets around nearby stars and to analyse their atmosphere (if any) to search for spectral features of bio-markers, revealing the possible presence of life, as we know it. Using the technique of nulling interferometry induces two technological critical points : an optical system must combine four telescope beams and apply an achromatic π phase shift on two of them. This manuscript presents the study of dedicated optical system for beam combination, named “AIC cascade”. A first part summarizes the scientific context of the Darwin mission and the technological development currently planned. A second part describes the AIC cascade principle and its technical feasibility study. This one contains the analyse of instrumental constraints, induces by the Darwin nulling mode, and the resulting specifications assessment. A third part describes new technologies, potentially able to provide new solutions of technological hard points, and the Darwin groundbased demonstrator, called GENIE. The technical specifications are in accordance with current technological capabilities. In conclusion the AIC cascade could be an alternative solution for the Darwin nulling mode
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Erskine, Fiona. "Darwin in context : the London years, 1837-1842." Thesis, Open University, 1987. http://oro.open.ac.uk/56993/.
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This thesis explores Darwin's life in London in the context of the social relationships he formed there. Recent studies have highlighted the paradox between his speculative work, with its dangerous associations with political radicalism and infidelity, and his intense desire for social respectability, evidenced by his determination to shun controversy and by his retirement to the security of family life in the Kent countryside. How Darwin coped with the tension arising from this mismatch of intellectual radicalism and social conservatism has not been explained; it is widely assumed that it was a major factor in prompting his prolonged and frequent attacks of debilitating illness. The problem is addressed here by looking at the support Darwin drew from the friends he made in London. His experiences during the Beagle voyage had led him to focus on philosophical issues which had not previously troubled him. Having returned to England, he deliberately chose to surround himself with friends who were not afraid to adopt heterodox positions on religion and society; in their company his personal anxieties were assuaged and he could pursue new ideas with enthusiasm. These friends had specialist knowledge in subjects which had a close bearing on Darwin's theories. His relationship with them throws light on issues such as how the debate about religion influenced his evolutionary thinking, and the nature of the contribution made to it by Malthus. The esteem in which they were held, notwithstanding their intellectual radicalism, explains how Darwin was able to find in their company the self-confidence to develop his iconoclastic conclusions. His identification with them, and their contribution to the intellectual re-evaluation of the 1830s and 1840s, helps to account for the wide acceptance of Darwin's views, published twenty years later, when the social ideology being formulated in his youth had become the prevailing orthodoxy of mid-Victorian England.
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Ponomarenko, Ekaterina. "The embryonic development of Elminius modestus Darwin, 1854." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17006.
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Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Embryonalentwicklung des Rankenfußkrebses Elminius modestus (Thecostraca: Cirripedia). Der Entwicklungsprozess wurde mithilfe unterschiedlicher Methoden wie 4D Mikroskopie, in vivo Einzelzellmarkierungen, Fluoreszenzhistochemie und konfokaler Laserscanningmikroskopie in Verbindung mit 3D Rekonstruktionen untersucht. Die Furchung von E. modestus ist total, inequal in Bezug auf die Dotterzelle und asynchron mit einem anterior-posterioren Gradienten. Der gesamte Prozess folgt einem strengen Teilungsmuster mit nur sehr geringer Variabilität. Eine davon stellt das Auftreten spiegelbildlicher Embryonen ab dem 4-Zell. Die Keimblattdifferenzierung wurde vor allem mittels in vivo Zellmarkierungen untersucht. Die Trennung der endodermalen und endomesodemalen Keimblätter erfolgt nach der vierten Furchungsteilung, die Trennung des Ectomesoderm nach der sechsten Teilung. Die Urkeimzellen sind aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach ein Produkt der siebten Furchungsteilung der Dotterzellen (3Da und 3Dp). Im Zuge der Untersuchung konnte die Zelllinie jedes Keimblattes rekonstruiert werden, die Zellschicksale der Abkömmlinge der Quadranten wurde bis zum 16-Zell Stadium beschrieben. Das Ectoderm entspringt allen vier Quadranten, ebenso das Ectomesoderm (die letzten identifizierten Mesectoblasten sind 3A, 3B, 3C, 1drp und 1dlp). Endoderm und Endomesoderm entwickeln sich aus einzelnen Vorläuferzellen im 16-Zell Stadium (2D bzw. 2d). Das Auftreten nur eines einzelnen Endoblasten stellt eine mögliche Apomorphie aller Ecdysozoa dar. Das Vorhandensein eines einzelnen Mesendoblasten wird als mögliches Merkmal des Grundmusters aller Protostomia in Betracht gezogen.The present work is devoted to the embryonic development of the thoracican barnacle Elminius modestus (Thecostraca: Cirripedia). The developmental process was investigated by means of different techniques like 4D microscopy, in vivo labelling, fluorescent histochemistry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy combined with 3D reconstructions. The cleavage of E. modestus is total, unequal with regards to the yolky cell, and asynchronous with an anterior-posterior gradient. The entire process appears to follow a strict pattern of divisions with very little variability, one of which includes the occurrence of mirror image embryos from the 4-cell stage on. The germ layer differentiation was mainly studied by means of in vivo labelling. The segregation of the endodermal and the endomesodemal germ layers are shown to happen after the fourth division, whereas the ectomesoderm segregates after the sixth division. The primordial germ cells are suggested to be a product of the seventh cleavage division of the yolky cells (3Da and 3Dp). During the research the cell lineage of each germ layer was established, the fates of the quadrant descendants are described up to the 16-cell stage. The ectoderm originates from four quadrants, as does the ectomesoderm (the last identified mesectoblasts are 3A, 3B, 3C, 1drp, and 1dlp). The endoderm and the endomesoderm develop from single precursors at the 16-cell stage (2D and 2d, respectively). The presence of only a single endoblastic cell, might represent an apomorphy for the entire group of Ecdysozoa. A singular mesendoblast is suggested to be a possible feature in the developmental ground pattern of all Protostomia.
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Delmas, José Luis. "Conferencia Marketing Live 2019: De Darwin a Zuckerberg." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625878.
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Balarezo, López Gunther. "Los premios Darwin: La ciencia de lo absurdo." Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625998.
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Los Premios Darwin son otorgados de forma póstuma a personas que han realizado un acto estúpido y han perdido la vida como consecuencia de dicho acto, por lo que parte del supuesto que el ser humano menos dotado genéticamente, no sobrevive. Para ello, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica en internet (google académico y descriptor DeCS), debido a que no se encontró información en otras fuentes. Este premio ha despertado la curiosidad de los investigadores para explicar las razones por las que los hombres se exponen más que las mujeres a situaciones peligrosas, llegando a postular la “teoría de la idiotez masculina”.The Darwin Awards are awarded posthumously to people who have performed a stupid act and have lost their lives as a result of that act, so part of the assumption that the human less endowed genetically, does not survive. To do this, a bibliographical review was made on the internet (Google Sscholar and descriptor DeCS), because no information was found in other sources. This award has aroused the curiosity of researchers to explain the reasons why men expose themselves more than women to dangerous situations, even postulating the “male idiocy theory”.
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Raddick, Gregory Michael. "Animal language in the Victorian evolutionary debates." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272306.
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Leeuwenburgh, Bart. "Darwin in domineesland = Darwin and the Dutch : een reconstructie van de wijze waarop geleerde Nederlanders Darwins evolutietheorie filosofisch beoordeelden, 1859-1877 /." Rotterdam, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000254425.
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Klose, Joachim. "Gott oder Darwin? vernünftiges Reden über Schöpfung und Evolution." Berlin Heidelberg Springer, 2008. http://d-nb.info/987108522/04.
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Vallgren, Andreas. "Statistical Characteristics of Convective Storms in Darwin, Northern Australia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303874.
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This M. Sc. thesis studies the statistical characteristics of convective storms in a monsoon regime in Darwin, northern Australia. It has been conducted with the use of radar. Enhanced knowledge of tropical convection is essential in studies of the global climate, and this study aims to bring light on some special characteristics of storms in a tropical environment. The observed behaviour of convective storms can be implemented in the parameterisation of these in cloud-resolving regional and global models. The wet season was subdivided into three regimes; build-up and breaks, the monsoon and the dry monsoon. Using a cell tracking system called TITAN, these regimes were shown to support different storm characteristics in terms of their temporal, spatial and height distributions. The build-up and break storms were seen to be more vigorous and particularly modulated diurnally by sea breezes. The monsoon was dominated by frequent but less intense and vertically less extensive convective cores. The explanation for this could be found in the atmospheric environment, with monsoonal convection having oceanic origins together with a mean upward motion of air through the depth of the troposphere. The dry monsoon was characterised by suppressed convection due to the presence of dry mid-level air. The effects of wind shear on convective line orientations were examined. The results show a diurnal evolution from low-level shear parallel orientations of convective lines to low-level shear perpendicular during build-up and breaks. The monsoon was dominated by complex orientations of convective lines. The thesis includes a study of merged and splitted cells, which have been separated from other storms, and mergers were shown to support more vigorous convection in terms of height distribution and reflectivity profiles. They were also seen to be the most long-lived category of storms as well as the most common type. Split storms were generally weaker, indicative of their general tendency to decay shortly after the split occurred.En statistisk studie av konvektiva celler i en miljö som präglas av monsunförhållanden har utförts i Darwin, norra Australien, med hjälp av radar. En ökad förståelse for tropisk konvektion är nödvändig for att kunna studera klimatet globalt. Denna studie har bidragit till denna kunskapsbas genom att studera några viktiga parametrar hos konvektiva celler i en tropisk miljö. De observerade egenskaperna hos dessa celler kan implementeras i parametriseringen av högupplösta regionala och globala modeller. Regnperioden delades upp i tre olika regimer; uppbyggnad och avbrott, monsun och torr monsun. Genom att använda ett cellsökande system kallat TITAN, visade sig dessa regimer uppvisa olika karakteristika vad gäller tids- och rumsmässig samt vertikal distribution av konvektionsceller. Uppbyggnad- och avbrottsregimen dominerades av mäktiga och intensiva konvektionsceller, och modulerades av sjöbrisar på en daglig basis. Monsunen dominerades av talrika men mindre intensiva celler. Anledningen till detta kan finnas i atmosfäriska förhållanden, dar monsunen dominerades av konvektionsceller med oceanisk härkomst och allmän hävning genom större delen av troposfären. Den torra monsunen präglades av försvagad konvektion på grund av närvaron av mycket torr luft på medelhöga nivåer. Effekten av vindskjuvning på orienteringen av bylinjer undersöktes. Resultaten visar att en daglig övergång från en orientering som var parallell med vindskjuvningsvektorn till en vinkelrät orientering dominerade under uppbyggnad och avbrott. Monsunen präglades av komplexa orienteringar av bylinjer. Sammanväxande och splittrande celler separerades fran andra celler och undersöktes speciellt. De sammanväxande cellerna uppvisade mer intensiv konvektion och större vertikal maktighet. Denna kategori av celler, som var den vanligaste typen av ickeisolerade celler, levde också längre än andra celltyper. Splittrande celler var generellt svagare än andra celler, vilket indikerade den generella tendensen för denna celltyp att brytas ner strax efter det att en splittring ägt rum.
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Dias, Vivian Catarina. "A sinfonia da natureza: Charles Darwin e as origens." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2542.
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Since childhood Charles Darwin showed an interest for the natural world. In his youth he developed that passion into an object of study travelling around the world onboard of The Beagle. The contact with unique species like the ones found in Galapagos Islands, the fossils discovered in South America, the experiences he lived and a extensive reseach during more than twenty years after his return to England made him think about a common link between the species, that lead him to publish The origin of species in 1859 and The expression of emotions in man and animals in 1872, along with other works and articles on the most diverse subjects, such as Diary of a naturalist around the world. In The origin of species he stated that the species are mutable and linked by the proccess of communion of ascendancy , fruits from the same tree of life. Forging the recreation of human history and its relocation in the natural world, the essays in The expression of emotions in man and animals widened the statement about the evolution of species pointing that humans share emotions and feelings with other species of animals. The implosion of the concept of human initiated with the darwinian facts opened new horizons for sciences such as anthropology to rethink the trajectory of the living beings and the borderlines between culture and animality. Notwithstanding, go beyond frontiers and enrich the critic, scientific, ethic and poetic repertoire is a really dificult task. Despite the relevance of the Darwinian Works, the contact with them is through indirect ways: cartoons, films and fiction, whose contents rarely approach the issue in all its depth
Desde a infância, Charles Darwin demonstrou interesse pelo mundo natural. Na juventude, transformou essa paixão em objeto de estudo viajando ao redor do mundo no navio Beagle. O contato com espécies únicas como as encontradas nas Ilhas Galápagos; os fósseis achados na América do Sul; as experiências adquiridas, e uma extensa pesquisa realizada por mais de vinte anos após o retorno à Inglaterra, levaram-no a pensar na filiação comum das espécies, desdobrando no lançamento de A origem das espécies (1859) e A expressão das emoções no homem e nos animais (1872), além de outras obras e artigos sobre os mais variados assuntos, como o Diário de um naturalista à volta do mundo. Em A origem das espécies, enunciou que as espécies são mutáveis e vinculadas pelo processo da comunhão de descendência , frutos da mesma árvore da vida. Forjando a recriação da história humana e sua realocação no mundo natural, os estudos de A expressão das emoções no homem e nos animais ampliaram o enunciado sobre a evolução das espécies, indicando que humanos compartilham emoções e sentimentos com outras espécies animais. A implosão do conceito de humano iniciada com os fatos darwinianos abriu outros horizontes para as ciências, incluindo a antropologia, repensarem a trajetória dos seres vivos e as fronteiras entre cultura e animalidade. Contudo, transpor limiares e enriquecer o repertório crítico, científico, ético, poético, mostra-se tarefa deveras espinhosa. Apesar da relevância das obras darwinianas, o contato com elas dá-se por vias indiretas: charges, filmes, ficção, cujos conteúdos, raramente, as abordam em todo seu alcance
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Sonnendrücker, Eric. "Analyse mathematique et numerique des equations de vlasov-darwin." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DENS0014.
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La premiere partie de ce travail est consacree a une analyse asymptotique des equations de maxwell, d'ou l'on tire le modele de darwin comme approximation d'ordre 2 par rapport au petit parametre v/c. Nous presentons ensuite un code numerique de resolution des equations de vlasov-darwin par une methode couplee, particulaire pour les equations de vlasov et elements finis pour les equations de darwin. La derniere partie est consacree a l'analyse de la stabilite asymptotique de ce couplage
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Lamborn, Erin Alice. "From Darwin to Dracula: A study of literary evolution." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2836.
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Argues that, without the publication of Charles Darwin's "Origin of Species," Bram Stoker's novel "Dracula" and Oscar Wilde's novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray" would not have been written with their distinct style and themes, as evolution clashes with degeneration and female power (and the sexuality derived from that power) clashes with the new science. Stoker and Wilde combine the science of the late 19th century with the characters of their imaginations. Natural and sexual selection plays a part in these characters' core development. The mixture of sexuality, science and power in these two novels all combine to formulate what is known as Victorian sexology.
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Emtiazi, Farahnaz. "Phylogenetische Charakterisierung von Mikroorganismen aus dem Intestinaltrakt von Insekten." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://ArchiMeD.uni-mainz.de/pub/2000/0075/diss.pdf.
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Kerbelytė, Orvydienė Inga. "Gyventojų darbinė migracija Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060320_155315-22698.
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In this master thesis the reasons, tendencies and outcomes of the labour migration in Lithuania have been analysed. According the data of different researches carried out in Lithuania, almost 90% of people depart abroad due to financial reasons. This research may contribute to revealing the deep reasons and motives of labour migration, and its founding might be used dealing with the problem how to recapture the emigrants to Lithuania, and how to suppress a flow of emigrants from our country.
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Brundiek, Katharina. "Raabes Antworten auf Darwin Beobachtungen an der Schnittstelle von Diskursen /." Göttingen : Univ.-Verl. Göttingen [u.a.], 2005. http://d-nb.info/991259084/34.
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ten, Brinke Leanne Marie. "Darwin the detective : behavioural consequences of high-stakes emotional deception." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42105.
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Deception evolved as a fundamental aspect of human social interaction. Although numerous studies have examined behavioural cues to deception, most have involved inconsequential lies and unmotivated liars in a laboratory context. With a novel paradigm, the present dissertation is the most comprehensive study to date of the behavioural consequences of extremely high-stakes, real-life deception relative to comparable real-life sincere displays using three communication channels: speech, body language, and emotional facial expressions. Televised footage of a large international sample of individuals (N = 78) emotionally pleading to the public for the return of a missing relative was meticulously coded frame by frame (30 frames per second, for a total of 98,393 coded frames). About half of the pleaders eventually were convicted of killing the missing person based on overwhelming evidence. Failed attempts to simulate sadness and leakage of happiness revealed deceptive pleaders’ covert emotions, as hypothesized based on observations by Charles Darwin and a contemporary understanding of human facial innervation. Specifically, full contraction of the frontalis (failed attempts to appear sad) muscles and subtle contraction of the zygomatic major (masking smiles) were more commonly identified in the faces of deceptive pleaders. In contrast, prototypical aspects of “grief,” as produced by the corrugator supercilli, and depressor anguli oris muscles were more often contracted in the faces of genuine than deceptive pleaders. In addition, liars used fewer words, but more tentative words than truth-tellers, likely relating to increased cognitive load and psychological distancing. Further, simultaneous attention to each of these cues – tapping emotional arousal, cognitive load, and psychological distancing theories of deceptive behaviour – discriminated 90% of pleaders correctly, supporting the multiple cue approach to deception detection. Findings further reveal the secrets of the human face and contribute to our understanding of human communication more generally.
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Heuer, Afshan. "Darwin and the evolution revolution : audiences, culture, worldview, transformative learning." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28522.
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Although in current practice many cultural institutions are collaborating, sharing and promoting their work on an international scale, visitor studies in internationally travelling exhibitions has been very limited. Performing audience research in the American Museum of Natural History’s travelling exhibition Darwin: The Evolution Revolution at two partner venues, the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto and the Natural History Museum London, the thesis establishes a new line of inquiry, addressing the cultural aspects of communication and learning through the exhibition medium within a novel context. Furthermore, the thesis focus on the influence of culture, worldview and perspectives in evolution learning and the evaluation of transformative learning in the museum required the creation of new methods of audience research. The empirical research of both museum staff and local adult audiences in London and Toronto demonstrated the critical influence of culture on communication and meaning-making in the context of internationally travelling exhibitions. The study also provided significant evidence of the interrelationship of culture, worldview, perspectives and assumptions and their vital role in transformative learning. Moreover, the evaluation of transformative learning served to establish that visitors had engaged in critical reflection as well as subjective reframing, which leads to perspective transformation. Further research is required in order to provide a basis of comparison and to build a significant body of knowledge on the influence of culture on museum communication and learning in order to effectively guide future practices. Although the thesis intentionally focuses on the analysis of transformative learning and perspective transformation in evolutionary biology, the approach to learning and research methods proposed have a much wider application in audience research of exhibits that present issues of significant social and cultural relevance such as difficult history, social equality, diversity and social justice, as well as in art, history and ethnography museums.
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Vajn, Dominik. "The construction of meaning in the correspondence of Charles Darwin." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5812/.
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This thesis analyses the process of construction of linguistic meaning from a diachronic perspective. The analysis is based on the theories of intertextuality and social construction and applies a corpus analysis of collocations and paraphrases of key notions discussed in Darwin’s correspondence. In particular, the focus of the analysis is on the terms \(species\) and \(varieties\) with the aim to observe how the meanings of these terms are formed in a process of social negotiation. The thesis analyses the difference in the meanings of these terms, but also focuses on the diachronic dimension of their use in the correspondence, which allows for the observation of how different interpretations of meanings emerge in discourse. Thus far, diachronic studies in the field of corpus linguistics focused on comparing different historical corpora rather than observing the diachronic change of the immediate contextual environment of particular terms. The results presented in this thesis show that the meanings of terms are not only formed of different interpretations in discourse, but that these interpretations can be specific to particular temporal spans in discourse.
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Grandordy, Béatrice. "Charles Darwin et l'évolution dans les arts plastiques, 1859-1914." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4025.
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L’Origine des espèces à partir d’un ascendant commun par sélection naturelle (1859) de Charles Darwin (1809-1882), a introduit l’évolution, le temps infini et l’histoire dans le destin de l’homme, proposé la découverte du merveilleux dans le réel, et inspiré d’abord les romanciers réalistes, puis le roman préhistorique, d’aventure et de science-fiction. L’évolution est illustrée scientifiquement par Haeckel, Kupka, Brehm et Gosse. Elle stimule en France l’anthropologie préhistorique ; on représente ancêtres et chaînons manquants parmi les objets de fouille minutieusement copiés. Elle autorise pour Degas et Cormon la fluidité des corps et Duranty l’identifie dans les artefacts humains depuis la haute antiquité. Odilon Redon, puis Jean Carriès, transforme avec une fausse naïveté la faune observée par Darwin en un bestiaire imaginaire. L’Allemagne assimile le darwinisme à Goethe et au romantisme et s’oriente vers l’anthropologie des mythes ; Klinger illustre la lutte pour la vie humaine et animale. Bientôt la veine réaliste s’épuise dans la représentation ; le désenchantement s’installe en Europe, traduit par le symbolisme en peinture et dans l’Art Nouveau. L’évolution (qui ne conduit pas nécessairement au progrès et certainement jamais à la perfection) s’y intègre. Böcklin, Moreau, la Sécession viennoise, voient dans l’évolution la parenté entre les êtres et l’énergie vitale sans pré-détermination. Bon goût, beau idéal et sens moral de John Ruskin, volent en éclat devant « l’esthétique physiologique » évolutionnaire selon Grant Allen. Pour les architectes, l’évolution est une nécessité qui accompagne le fonctionnalisme. Le débat sur l’évolution comme ‘élément culturel nouveau’ ou ‘contre-culture’ fut présent tout au long du XIXe. La science l’avait depuis longtemps acceptéeOn the Origin of Species by means of natural selection (1859) by Charles Darwin (1809-1882), introduced evolution, endless time and history in species destiny, seaked wonder in reality, and first inspired realistic, then prehistoric, adventure and finally science-fiction novel. Evolution was scientifically illustrated by Haeckel, Kupka, Brehm and Gosse. It boosted in France prehistoric anthropology ; ancestors and missing links were accurately represented among archaeological findings. It enabled Degas and Cormon to deal with body fluidity, and Duranty identified it in human artefacts since the most ancient antiquity. Odilon Redon, followed by Jean Carriès, shifted, with false ingenuity, the animalia observed by Darwin into an imaginary bestiary. Germany assimilated darwinism with Goethe and romanticism, and focused on myths anthropology ; Klinger illustrated human and animal struggle for life. Soon, the realistic vein in paintings and sculpture vanished; disenchantment settled in Europe, expressed by symbolism in painting and in Art Nouveau. Evolution (which does not necessarily lead to progress and certainly never to perfection) merges into then. In evolution, Böcklin, Moreau, as well as Viennese Secession, contemplate kindred beings and non-teleological vital energy. John Ruskin’s taste, ideal of beauty and moral sense, explode in front of evolutionnary « physiological aesthetics » according to Grant Allen. As to the architects, evolution was a pre-requisite, which accompanied functionalism. Debate on evolution as a ‘new cultural fact’ versus ‘a counter-culture’ was present along the whole second half of XIXth century. Science had, since long, accepted it
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Masterson, Kelly. "Beyond Darwin: Race, Sex, and Science in American Literary Naturalism." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1525606188894478.
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Wells, Samantha. "Negotiating place in colonial Darwin : interactions between aborigines and whites, 1869-1911 /." Electronic version, 2003. http://adt.lib.uts.edu.au/public/adt-NTSM20050308.150351/index.html.
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Fisher, Carl Francis. "Early Darwinian commemoration in Britain, 1882-1914." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269789.
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This dissertation recounts the commemoration of Charles Darwin in Britain from his death in 1882 to his birth centenary in 1909. As a broadly chronological and episodic history, individual memorials are considered in themselves, in relation to others, and in their national and local contexts. In this way, they are shown to have been informed by contemporary scientific and wider cultural developments, previous memorialisations, and – consonant with a more recent historiographical turn to ‘place’ – local imperatives alongside those arising further afield. Consequently, memorialisers and observers are shown to have acted not merely as unreflective publicists or passive consumers, but as interpreters of Darwin’s memory who brought their own concerns to his commemoration. Darwin’s funeral, at Westminster Abbey, was widely accepted as a national endorsement of his social respectability, and, by extension, that of a burgeoning scientific profession which organised it. Further to this first posthumous elevation, and appropriation, of Darwin, subsequent presentations were informed by contemporary literary developments, and particularly the sudden decline in the posthumous reputation of Thomas Carlyle, which reflected changing attitudes to long-established ‘heroic’ tradition. As such, the production, reception and mobilisation of Darwinian biography (primarily his Life and Letters and its subsequent editions and sequels) recognised these recent literary concerns and further contributed to Darwin’s elevation as a personal and scientific exemplar. The ways in which Darwin’s reputation was elaborated and used are recovered at a range of sites of Darwinian significance, most notably Edinburgh, Cambridge, Shrewsbury, Oxford and London. Encompassing metropolitan, provincial, institutional and civic commemoration, accompanying periodical reportage, commentary and memorialisation is also considered. Common to the majority of these productions, Darwin’s theory of natural selection was criticised, contradicted or ignored. Nevertheless, the esteem in which the celebrated naturalist was held was to grow in inverse proportion to the reputation of his famous theory. Against this background, an extended memorial season peaked in the summer of 1909 at the Darwin Celebration at the University of Cambridge. That grandiose occasion echoed and developed themes which were well recorded in preceding commemorations, both ceremonially and in the periodical press. Consequently, man and work were brought into closer relation with a widely-expressed interest in the origins of his apparently exceptional abilities and character. The great naturalist was celebrated as a hereditary, as well as a moral and intellectual, exemplar. This development was supported by the new findings of Mendelian biology and Darwin’s memorial association with advancing eugenic activism. For the first time attending to his early ‘afterlife’ in Britain, this account traces the interaction of Darwin’s commemoration not only with the emerging biological sciences, but also with wider preoccupations concerning secularisation, democratisation and reform across the decades either side of the turn of the twentieth century. Ultimately, Darwin’s early memorialisation can be apprehended as a scientific activity in itself, contributing to professional, disciplinary and theoretical developments in the biological sciences.
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Nilsson, Nicklas. ""En stridsplan överlever sällan första stridskontakt" : Slaget om Darwin – Goose Green." Thesis, Swedish National Defence College, Swedish National Defence College, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-151.
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Den 26 maj 1982 påbörjas anfallet mot samhällena Darwin och Goose Green. Anfallande styrka är brittiska, 2 Paras, på plats och försvarsgrupperade är Taskforce Mercedes. Britterna vinner slutligen över en numerärt överlägsen och försvarsgrupperad argentinsk styrka. Hur kommer det sig att detta kan ske? Jag kommer, för att kunna besvara mina frågeställningar, i det här självständiga arbetet att med utgång i de grundläggande förmågorna, ledning, verkan, skydd, rörlighet, uthållighet och und/info, analysera slaget. Dessa frågeställningar är:
- Vilken av de grundläggande förmågorna var avgörande för 2 Paras seger?
- Vilken av de grundläggande förmågorna var avgörande för Taskforce Mercedes förlust?
Jag har kommit fram till följande; britterna kunde tack vare en kombination av förmågorna ledning och verkan avgöra striden till deras fördel. För argentinarna var det förmågan ledning som bäddade för deras förlust. Vill du veta hur jag kommit fram till detta och varför uppmanar jag dig att läsa detta arbete.
My name is Nicklas Nilsson. I’m a cadet studying at the Swedish Land warfare Centre. As a part of becoming a commissioned officer I’m obligated to write an essay at fundamental level. I have written about the Battle for Darwin – Goose Green. A battle between 2 Para and Taskforce Mercedes. I have used (de grundläggande förmågorna) six fundamental abilities as an analysis instrument. The questions I am going to answer with this essay are:
-What ability was decisive for 2 Para’s victory?
-What ability was decisive for Taskforce Mercedes defeat?
Initially I will conduct a literature study, followed by a comparative case study.
I have come to the following conclusions:
The Argentines lost due to their lack of a good leadership and
The British won due to the abilities, better trained, better motivated and with more experience. They also, contrary to the Argentines, had leaders that was present and tried to resolve the situations they’ve gotten in to. If you want to read more about this and how I’ve come to these conclusions, please read this essay.
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Bouya, Zahra Physics Faculty of Science UNSW. "A study of aerosol optical and physical properties in Darwin, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Physics, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41520.
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This thesis presents the analysis and results of aerosol physical and optical properties over Darwin, Australia, a coastal tropical site which is affected by smoke aerosols from biomass burning inland and sea salt aerosols brought in by the sea breeze. Continuous Multi Filter Rotating Shadow Radiometer (MFRSR) spectral measurements for the period March 2002 -June 2003, have been obtained from the Tropical Western Pacific facilities site in Darwin, part of the D.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. Atmospheric optical thickness was obtained using the Langley regression analysis and aerosol optical thickness was then obtained by removing the molecular and ozone contributions from the total atmosphere optical thickness. A regression analysis was performed on the aerosol optical thickness and the Angstrom exponent to identify the trends in seasonality. It shows a strong seasonal cycle with low optical thickness in autumn and high optical thickness in spring, coinciding with the peak of the biomass burning season. The aerosol optical thickness data were inverted using the Constrained Linear Inversion technique to obtain the size distributions. A novel method, combining several different criteria, was used for classification of the size distribution into classes which could be related to biomass burning aerosols and sea salt aerosols. These classes showed variations with season and meteorological parameters. The wind diurnal cycle showed a significant signature on the aerosol size and loading, and the aerosol loading was also strongly linked to fire activity. The aerosols observed over Darwin reflected different proportions of biomass and sea salt and variations in size over the whole year. The seasonal pattern in the aerosol properties over Darwin is found to be owing to the location of Darwin in the Tropical Warm Pool and the variety of aerosol types: smoke particles produced by the dry season burning conditions, and the sea salt aerosols associated with the introduction of cleaner maritime westerly and northwesterly winds. Aerosols are also affected by the high rainfall rate during the wet season, which washes out the aerosols from the atmosphere.
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Darvin, Maxim [Verfasser]. "Kinetics of carotenoid antioxidant substances in the human skin / Maxim Darvin." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1022708287/34.
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Eilitta, Leena. "Approaches to personal identity in Kafka's short fiction : Freud, Darwin, Kierkegaard." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389301.
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Riger-Kusk, Mette. "Ice dynamics of the Darwin-Hatherton glacial system, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geography, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6602.
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The Darwin-Hatherton glacial system (DHGS) drains from the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) and through the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) before entering the Ross Embayment. Large ice-free areas covered in glacial sediments surround the DHGS, and at least five glacial drift sheets mark the limits of previous ice extent. The glacier belongs to a group of slow-moving EAIS outlet glaciers which are poorly understood. Despite this, an extrapolation of a glacial drift sheet boundary has been used to determine the thickness of the EAIS and the advanced West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In order to accurately determine the past and present contributions of the Antarctic ice sheets to sea level changes, these uncertainties should be reduced. This study aims to examine the present and LGM ice dynamics of the DHGS by combining newly acquired field measurements with a 3-D numerical ice sheet-shelf model. The fieldwork included a ground penetrating radar survey of ice thickness and surface velocity measurements by GPS. In addition, an extensive dataset of airborne radar measurements and meteorological recordings from automatic weather stations were made available. The model setup involved nesting a high-resolution (1 km) model of the DHGS within a lower resolution (20 km) all-Antarctic simulation. The nested 3-D modelling procedure enables an examination of the impact of changes of the EAIS and WAIS on the DHGS behaviour, and accounts for a complex glacier morphology and surface mass balance within the glacial system.
The findings of this study illustrate the difference in ice dynamics between the Darwin and Hatherton Glaciers. The Darwin Glacier is up to 1500 m thick, partially warm-based, has high driving stresses (~150 kPa), and measured ice velocities increase from 20-30 m yr⁻¹ in the upper parts to ~180 m yr⁻¹ in the lowermost steepest regions, where modelled flow velocities peak at 330 m yr⁻¹. In comparison, the Hatherton Glacier is relatively thin (<900 m), completely cold-based, has low driving stresses (~85 kPa), and is likely to flow with velocities <10 m yr⁻¹ in most regions. It is inferred that the slow velocities with which the DHGS flows are a result of high subglacial mountains restricting ice flow from the EAIS, large regions of frozen basal conditions, low SMB and undulating bedrock topography. The model simulation of LGM ice conditions within the DHGS implies that the ice thickness of the WAIS has been significantly overestimated in previous reconstructions. Results show that the surface of the WAIS and EAIS away from the TAM would have been elevated 600-750 and 0-80 m above present-day levels, respectively, for the DHGS to reach what was inferred to represent the LGM drift sheet limit. Ultimately, this research contributes towards a better understanding of the dynamic behaviour of slow moving TAM outlet glaciers, and provides new insight into past changes of the EAIS and WAIS. This will facilitate more accurate quantifications of contributions of the WAIS and EAIS to changes in global sea level.
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Piyapattanakorn, Sanit. "Molecular ecology and evolution of an acorn barnacle, Balanus improvisus (Darwin)." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368157.
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Poon, Heidi Y. H. "Life before Darwin : body, mind and soul in Britain, 1815-1859." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30653.
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How does bodily matter become alive? Is the mind reducible to the brain? These questions became crucial in the emergent discipline of life science at the turn of the nineteenth century, when the term 'biology' was coined. The new scientific theories that arose at this time directly impinged on contemporary religious beliefs concerning the soul as the principle of immortality, and the mind as the divinely endowed basis for human morality. Through an interdisciplinary study of three episodes, all of which originated in 1816, this thesis examines the interface between science and religion with regard to souls, minds, and the living body, in the half-century before Darwin's Origin of Species. The first episode focuses on a series of controversies (1816-1822) surrounding William Lawrence, a professor at the Royal College of Surgeons. He postulated that life could emerge from matter, and that matter could generate thought and sensation. The express materialism in these views engendered strong scientific and religious opposition. This study argues that the scientific opposition to Lawrence's views was motivated largely by a desire to defend the institutional and professional standing of the surgeons rather than by a commitment to oppose Lawrence's materialism. In examining the religious opposition to Lawrence, this thesis concludes that ultimately it was a concern for a secure institutional basis for morality rather than a wish to defend the doctrine of the soul per se that was at stake. The second episode revolves around George Combe, the influential author of The Constitution of Man (1828). He was decried as an atheist because his phrenological science allegedly reduced the mind to the physical brain. This thesis offers a new interpretation of Combe's science as the means through which he framed a natural religion with a code of morality based on natural law. It was a religion that sought to recast the role of a more materialistic conception of the mind as the vehicle for morality, and to displace the reliance on an immortal soul and a future state for the enforcement of morals. The third episode centres on Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818). Through studying the novel as the fable of its sub-title, The Modern Prometheus, I conclude that the power of Mary Shelley's moral vision lies in its inescapable warning that an absolute denial of the spiritual aspects of life is inimical to our humanity. Without being explicitly religious, Frankenstein encapsulates a new kind of secular humanist spirituality that denies outright materialism. In summary, this thesis argues that the interface between religion and biology, concerning the nature of the living body and the mind, despite initial appearances, were not primarily over the issues of materialism. The three episodes studied illustrate a spectrum of attitudes towards scientific materialism, and it is found that ultimately, it was the necessity for a secure basis of morality that shaped the responses.
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Donda, Pedrita Fernanda. "Erasmus Darwin e os seres vivos: concepções de \'evolução\' e herança." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59139/tde-24032016-092306/.
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Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) apresentou suas ideias evolutivas principalmente no fim do século XVIII. No entanto, elas não foram consideradas na época. Seu neto, Charles Darwin (1809-1882), na 6ª edição do Origin of species as avaliou de modo negativo, comparando-as às concepções equivocadas de Lamarck. O objetivo desta dissertação é inicialmente, descrever as concepções de hereditariedade e evolução de Erasmus, considerando o contexto de sua época. Além disso, procura esclarecer se o tratamento recebido se deveu a uma proposta fraca ou se ela mereceria uma maior consideração. Esta dissertação contém uma Introdução e quatro capítulos. O Capítulo 1 discute a vida, trabalhos e contexto em que Erasmus apresentou suas ideias. O Capítulo 2 lida com as concepções de herança e evolução presentes em Zoonomia. O Capítulo 3 discute sobre as concepções de Erasmus sobre a transformação das espécies nas plantas. O Capítulo 4 compara as concepções evolutivas de Erasmus com as de Lamarck. O Capítulo 5 procura responder às perguntas colocadas no início desta pesquisa e apresenta algumas considerações finais sobre o assunto discutido. Esta pesquisa leva à conclusão de que a transmutação das espécies não era o principal interesse de Erasmus. Ele não ofereceu uma fundamentação empírica para suas ideias. Este fato, juntamente com a situação sócio-político-religiosa da época, muito provavelmente contribuiu para a recepção sofrida. Além disso, embora existam algumas semelhanças entre as propostas de Erasmus e Lamarck, existem também grandes diferenças tais como a abrangência da pesquisa, o espaço dedicado à discussão das ideias, a fundamentação oferecida, dentre outras. Erasmus não propôs uma teoria coerente lidando com desde a origem da vida até o aparecimento do homem como Lamarck. Ele somente apresentou algumas ideias a esse respeito em obras dedicadas a outros assuntos.Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) mainly presented his evolutionary views at the end of the 18th century. However, they were not considered carefully at that time. His grandson, Charles Darwin (1809-1882), in the 6th edition of Origin of species evaluated them in a negative way, comparing them to Lamarcks erroneous conceptions. The aim of this dissertation is firstly to describe Erasmus Darwins conceptions on heredity and evolution considering the context of his time. Besides that, it tries to elucidate the reception received by them was due to a weak proposal or whether they deserved greater consideration. This dissertation comprises an Introduction and five chapters. Chapter 1 discusses Erasmus Darwins life, work and the context in which he presented his ideas. Chapter 2 deals with the conceptions of inheritance and evolution which are present in Zoonomia. Chapter 3 discusses Erasmus view on the transmutation of species in plants. Chapter 4 compares Erasmuss evolutionary conceptions to Lamarcks ones. Chapter 5 tries to answer the questions proposed in the beginning of this research and presents some final remarks concerning the subject. This research leads to the conclusion that the transmutation of species was not the main Erasmus concern. He did not present any empirical foundation of his views related to the subject. This fact, together with the socio-political-religious situation, must have contributed to its reception. Besides that, although there were some similarities between Erasmuss and Lamarcks proposal there were also great differences such as the scope of the research, the space dedicated to its discussion, the foundation provided, among others. Erasmus did not provide a coherent theory of the transmutation of species dealing with since the origin of life to the rise of man, departing from a study of natural history such as Lamarck. In this respect, he only presented a few ideas in works dedicated to other subjects.
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Ollivier, Marc. "Contribution a la recherche d'exoplanetes coronographie interferentielle pour la mission darwin." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112392.
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La mission darwin est un projet de l'agence spatiale europeenne qui devrait permettre, vers 2012, de rechercher des planetes extrasolaires et de faire l'analyse spectrale de leur eventuelle atmosphere dans la gamme 6-18 microns, afin d'y mettre en evidence differents gaz et notamment des traceurs de vie. Le principe de l'instrument est celui du coronographe interferometrique de bracewell. Il conjugue haute resolution angulaire et dynamique elevee. Ce concept, propose il y a plus de 20 ans n'a cependant jamais ete demontre experimentalement dans l'infrarouge thermique avec des taux d'extinction importants. Nous presentons dans ce manuscrit une experience de laboratoire monochromatique concue a cette fin. Un approche theorique et numerique de la question met l'accent sur une grosse difficulte : la necessite d'avoir des fronts d'onde tres propres et homogenes en intensite, phase et polarisation. Une approche interferometrique classique se revele insuffisante pour atteindre nos objectifs. Nous montrons theoriquement puis numeriquement que cette difficulte peut etre contournee en utilisant un filtrage optique des faisceaux qui interferent. Cette technique permet de diminuer fortement les specifications sur les optiques et d'envisager des contrastes interferometriques tres eleves avec des optiques commerciales. Nous presentons enfin un interferometre de laboratoire fonctionnant a 10. 6 microns et mettant en uvre differentes techniques de filtrage optique (trous filtrants et guides d'onde monomodes), sa realisation, ainsi que ses premiers resultats tres prometteurs. En particulier, nous presentons des mesures de visibilites superieures a 99. 9% soit un taux d'extinction superieur a 1000.
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Chapman, Philip. "The late modern body and soul : Charles Darwin and Karl Barth." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698078.
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In spite of his denials Barth’s secular parables of truth were an example of natural theology. This thesis exploits them to provide a way of connecting theology from revelation to Darwinian science. Chapter one argues that natural science cannot provide truths about things in themselves. It does offer corrigible working hypotheses about the phenomena of the physical world. The chapter expands and illustrates David Fergusson’s five fold typology of natural theology. It argues that claims about humanity, ontological ones from revelation, phenomenological ones from science, can interact constructively provided we respect boundaries between the two. Chapter two recounts how Darwin and successors into the twenty-first century offer working hypotheses of life as a physical phenomenon of which Homo sapiens is one among several million examples. It argues, however, that humanity cannot be biologically or culturally defined. Chapter three summarizes Barth’s doctrine defining humanity as elect in Christ. It defends the doctrine against Clough’s extension to cover “all flesh”. The Spirit’s action constitutes the person as “the soul of his body”. Chapter four explains Barth’s understanding that natural science concerns phenomena, not things in themselves. It argues that problems in physics and cognitive science indicate that there is no guarantee of the world’s intelligibility. That reinforces Barth’s dismissal of grand narratives. But Barth wrongly parallels theological and scientific activity. However his theology can engage with a science that makes only empirical claims. Chapter five situates Barth in a twenty-first century context. It argues that the empirical truth claims of science and the ontological ones of theology from revelation can relate to each other using secular parables of the truth. It exemplifies such parables from Darwinian science. They point to truths that theology could know but neglects. Chapter six summarizes the argument, contextualizing a theology of revelation for late modernity. Life on earth and human life within it exhibit a unity of the whole and a distinctiveness of the individual. They form a complex of relationships that are finite in time and bounded by grace. The Darwinian narrative understands the human person as a thoroughly physical entity. Natural science cannot rewrite revelation. But empirical biology points to features of human ontology that theology must not ignore.
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Gréau, Valia. "Georges Darien et l'anarchisme littéraire." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040179.
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L'étude de l'engagement anarchiste de Georges Darien (1862-1921) repose sur une analyse précise de l'œuvre littéraire et journalistique de l'auteur, de la réception de celle-ci, de sa correspondance en partie inédite, de sa vie, et du contexte historique et culturel contemporain. Entre 1886 et 1890, Darien, qui fréquente la jeune génération littéraire, fait ses débuts sur la scène littéraire avec « Bas les cœurs! » et « Biribi », et sa pièce « Les chapons » fait scandale. Il est perçu comme un écrivain subversif, un antimilitariste, un naturaliste ; mais par les thèmes qu'il aborde, le nationalisme, la défaite de 1870, la critique du conformisme bourgeois, et par la façon si personnelle dont il les traite, avant tout parce qu'il s'inspire de sa propre expérience, Darien est d'abord un écrivain contestataire, un anarchiste qui s'ignore, car il n'utilise pas ce terme avant 1890. La période qui va de 1890 à 1897 est celle de l'engagement. Tout en continuant à critiquer le nationalisme revanchard, Darien se détourne, par haine du parlementarisme, des possibilités d'action légale, que présente notamment le socialisme. Apres avoir défendu les actes terroristes dans « L'en dehors » et publie sa revue « L'escarmouche », il fuit la France en juillet 1894. Cependant ce militantisme va de pair au fil des ans avec une revendication accrue de liberté individuelle : Darien finit par prendre ses distances avec l'anarchisme dans « Le voleur », au nom de l'individualisme. A partir de 1898, il poursuit cette évolution qui l'amène à tenir des propos toujours plus extrémistes. Il reste cependant fidèle à l'idéal libertaire, et relève de la catégorie des anarchistes individualistes, de ceux qui par mépris de la soumission populaire, s'en remettent à l'action individuelle violente. De même, la voie réformiste qu'il choisit dans ses dernières années ne constitue pas un reniement de son passé mais une manifestation peu commune de l'idéal libertaireThe anarchistic commitment of Georges Darien (1862-1921) can be studied through an accurate analysis of his literary and journalistic work and of its reception. The study of his correspondence - mainly unpublished -, of his life and of the historical and cultural context will add to this approach. Between 1886 and 1890, Darien moves in the young literary generation, makes his first appearance on the literary stage with “Bas les coeurs!” and “Biribi”, and his play “Les chapons” is found scandalizing. He is seen as a subversive, antimilitarist and naturalistic writer. As long as the literary themes are concerned - nationalism, the defeat of 1870, the criticism of the bourgeois conformism, all these subjects based on very personal approach - Darien is an antiestablishment writer, a real anarchist, and between 1890 and 1897, he actually commits himself in this way. If Darien criticizes the revanchards nationalists he also denounces socialism because of his hatred of parliamentary government and legal political action. After his defense of terrorism in “L'endehors” and the publishing of his review “L'escarmouche”, he leaves France in July 1894. With the passing years, Darien stands aloof from anarchism as he takes sides in personal freedom: “Le voleur” is actually a good example of his new aspiration. Since 1898, Darien has become more and more extremist in his political opinions. However, he remains faithful to his ideals of freedom and can be considered as an individualistic anarchist, preferring personal and violent action to the submission of the common people. In that respect, at the end of his life, he makes the choice of reformism to express clearly his ideals of freedom
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Leven, Zachary. "The Death of Daniel Darling." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492685045416311.
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Gréau, Valia. "Georges Darien et l'anarchisme littéraire /." Tusson : Du Lérot, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38879655d.
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Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--Litt. française--Paris 4, 1998.Titre de dos : "Georges Darien & l'anarchisme littéraire" Bibliogr. des oeuvres de G. Darien p. 416-428. Bibliogr. p. 429-438. Index.
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Lorig, Aurélien. "Un destin littéraire. Georges Darien." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA032/document.
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Les discours tenus aujourd’hui sur Georges Darien restent, pour une large part, associés à l’anarchisme. Pour en saisir les limites, la thèse remonte aux sources biographiques. La lecture de son œuvre− aussi riche que méconnue− prendra acte d’un moment fondateur : l’expérience des camps disciplinaires, en 1883. A partir de là, les fictions s’inscrivent dans une démarche contestataire. Le destin littéraire devient spéculaire, véritable miroir d’une âme entrée en résistance. Tenant à la fois de Balzac, Vallès ou encore Mirbeau, l’écrivain dénonce et engage sa responsabilité d’auteur. Combinant avec originalité des personnages et des situations, Darien revisite les problématiques de son époque : rapport à la bourgeoisie, à l’argent, aux institutions, à l’individu. A ce titre, sa littérature est un vaste territoire à explorer. Les pratiques d’écriture et les stéréotypies particulières de la « fin de siècle » font l’objet d’une analyse très critique. L’homme de lettres écrit sa contestation sous toutes les formes : roman, poésie, théâtre, pamphlet, journal, discours. Enfant perdu de la bourgeoisie, livré à la Grande Muette, assiégé par des visions cauchemardesques ; Darien a de quoi nourrir sa résistance scripturaire. Rien ne manquera à la parole libertaire qu’il exerce. Bagnes et armées connaîtront une satire des plus violentes. Famille et instances tutélaires délivreront des idéologies souvent ridicules. Nations et littérateurs donneront l’occasion de discuter la place de l’artiste et de forger un individualisme féroce. Sous le couvert de récits détonants, l’écrivain donne ainsi à voir matière, mais aussi manière. Surenchère, image, caricature, raisonnement par l’absurde, fondent une esthétique originale. La fiction ne fait jamais allégeance à un système de pensée, quel qu’il soit. Le continent littéraire sur lequel nous posons notre regard impose de revoir nos certitudes. Aller à la rencontre de Darien, c’est repenser la question de l’adhésion à l’anarchisme, au naturalisme ou encore au symbolisme. La littérature devient le laboratoire d’une pensée qui n’est jamais partisane, mais toujours soucieuse de décrypter. La démarche comparatiste comme la sociologie permettent d’engager ce décryptage. Finalement, lire ou relire Darien, c’est passer du singulier d’un destin littéraire au pluriel de nos destinées. Le texte retrouve son étymologie de « textus », ce fil qui se fait et défait au gré des écritures et des heurts de l’Histoire collective comme personnelleThe speeches today Georges Darien remain largely associated with anarchism. To grasp the limits, the thesis goes back to biographical sources. Reading his œuvre− as rich as méconnue− take note of a founding moment: the experience of disciplinary camps, in 1883. From there, fictions are part of a protest action. The literary destiny becomes specular true reflection of a resistor input soul.Holding both Balzac Vallès or Mirbeau, the writer denounces and engages its copyright liability. Combining with original characters and situations, Darien revisits the issues of his time compared to the bourgeoisie, to money, to institutions, to the individual. As such, its literature is a vast territory to explore. Writing practices and specific stereotypes of the “end of century” are the subject of a highly critical analysis. The man of letters wrote his challenge in all forms: novel, poetry, theater, pamphlet, newspaper, speech. Lost child of the bourgeoisie, comes to the Great Muette, besieged by nightmarish visions; Darien has enough to feed his scriptural resistance. Nothing missed libertarian speech he exercises. Bagnes and armies will experience more violent satire. Family and guardianship bodies shall issue often ridiculous ideologies. Nations and writers will provide an opportunity to discuss the place of the artist and forge a fierce individualism. Under the cover of detonating stories, the writer gives to see and matter but also fashion. Increment, picture, cartoon, reductio ad absurdum, founded an original aesthetic. Fiction never pledged allegiance to a system of thought, whatever it is. The literary continent on which we lay our eyes means reviewing our certainties. Go to the meeting of Darien, is rethinking the issue of accession to anarchism, naturalism or symbolism. Literature becomes the laboratory of a thought that is never partisan, anxious to decrypt. The comparative approach such as sociology allow it to engage decryption. Finally, read or reread Darien is spend a singular literary destiny plural of our destinies. The text finds its etymology of “textus” this thread is done and undone at the discretion of the scriptures and clashes of collective history as personal