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Academic literature on the topic 'Dams'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Dams"

1

Mustafa, Mustafa SirElkhatim. "تقيم الوضع الراهن لجودة مياه مدينة بورتسودان (المصدر خور أربعات)." FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 8, no. 2 (April 18, 2020): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v8i2.63.

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Port Sudan is the main port and largest commercial centre of the Sudan located in semi-arid region. Population estimate in 2010 was about 926,000 inhabitants and the water demand estimated was about 120000-150000 m3/day. Water production from Khor Arbaat is 60,000 m3/day in good years; however, it may go down to 30,000 m3/day in bad years. In general, the overall situation of the city is characterized by regular shortages. There are three dams (U/G Dam1, SPC Dam2, FR Dam3) structured on Khor Arbaat for water harvesting (2005,2000,1992), siltation represents the greatest problem to these Dams, accordingly their capacities storage is decreases. Their storage capacities are 16*106, 5*106, and 6*106 m3 respectively, therefore the small capacities of these dams lead to inflation silt in a limited period of time. In the same way the Sea Port Corporation (Dam 2) in the year 2012 was removed by the armed forces of the corps as a result of inflation silting and thickness of silting to 6 meters. Water from Khor Arbaat gets into the transfer system without any treatment. The study is carried out to assess and evaluate the quality of surface and ground water resources in the Khor Arbaat zone. Field works included three visits to the study area, on January 2018, February 2018, and on March 2018. Sixteen typical water samples collected from different locations within Khor Arbaat and the city network were analyzed for physical and chemical water quality parameters. GIS Arc. Map and Kriging method are used to study the characteristics of water depend on coordinates and samples results.

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Eisma, Jessica A., and Venkatesh M. Merwade. "Investigating the environmental response to water harvesting structures: a field study in Tanzania." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 1891–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1891-2020.

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Abstract. Sand dams, a popular water harvesting structure employed by rural communities, capture and store water for use during the dry season in arid and semi-arid regions. Most sand dam research has been performed on the “ideal” sand dam, despite approximately 50 % of sand dams not functioning as intended. This research involves a 1-year long, in-depth field study of three sand dams in Tanzania, one of which is essentially non-functioning. The study investigated a sand dam's impact on macroinvertebrate habitat, vegetation, and streambank erosion and explored a sand dam's water loss mechanisms. Surveys of macroinvertebrate assemblage were performed each season. Vegetation surveys were performed every other month, and erosion was recorded semi-monthly. Water table monitoring wells were installed at each sand dam, and measurements were taken twice a day. The study found that sand dams are too homogeneous to provide the sustenance and refugia macroinvertebrates need at different life stages. The non-functioning sand dam has a thick layer of silt preventing infiltration of rainwater. The functioning sand dams store a significant amount of water, but most is lost to evapotranspiration within a few months of the last rainfall. Unlike the non-functioning sand dam, the functioning sand dams have a positive impact on local vegetation and minimal impact on erosion. Sand dams can increase the water security of a community, but site characteristics and construction methods must be strongly considered to maximize the sand dam's positive impact.

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Milliman, John D. "Blessed dams or damned dams?" Nature 386, no. 6623 (March 1997): 325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386325a0.

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Seed, Raymond B., Umesh Dayal, P. L. Narula, R. E. S. Moss, Leslie F. Harder, Uday Patil, Jean-Pierre Bardet, et al. "Dams." Earthquake Spectra 18, no. 1_suppl (July 2002): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2803910.

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Duflo, E., and R. Pande. "Dams." Quarterly Journal of Economics 122, no. 2 (May 1, 2007): 601–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qjec.122.2.601.

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Hussein, Mohammed Noori, Ahmed Alkadhimi, Wisam Abdullah Najim, and Hashim A. Almousawi. "Shaking Table Experiment on Seismic Performance of a Scaled-Down Arch Dam with Initial Crack." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 16, no. 6 (December 21, 2021): 683–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.160610.

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Seismic responses of cracked scaled-down arch dams were investigated by experiment on a shaking table. Two different curvature models (M1 and M2) were cast by using a plan concrete. Dams properties, including materials and dimensions, were carefully simulated. A significant earthquake magnitude with (7.7M) and water pressure were applied on the dam's models. Considering water and seismic loadings, the dynamic reactions of the arch dam's system were investigated. Both models showed crack overstresses or propagation on the dam's model as a result of seismic excitations. The arch dam with a higher degree of curvature was recorded 44 Mpa of stress evaluation which less by 30.7% of the arch dam with the lowest degree of curvature. The results indicated that raising the degree of curvature led to raising the dam's stability, earthquake resistance, less displacement, and less growth of tensile cracks.

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SMITH, E. G., G. W. RAHNEFELD, K. K. KLEIN, and J. E. LAWSON. "ECONOMICS OF CALF PRODUCTION WITH FOREIGN CATTLE BREED CROSSES IN THE PARKLAND REGION OF WESTERN CANADA." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, no. 4 (December 1, 1987): 961–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas87-101.

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The economics of calf production in the parkland region of western Canada was evaluated for calves of 31 three-breed crosses of foreign and British breeding. The data were derived from progeny produced at Brandon, Manitoba by mating heifers to Beefmaster or Red Angus bulls and cows to Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L) and Chianina (Chi) bulls. There were 10 different first-cross dams including Hereford (H) × Angus (A) as the control (HA) and nine dam cross combinations produced by mating C, S and L sires with H, A and Shorthorn (N) dams. The performance data were for 572 F1 female crosses, with 2006 calves born and 1930 calves weaned during a production period of six consecutive years. Net farm income per HA unit dam (NFIPD) or receipts less expenses plus inventory value changes on a HA dam basis, was evaluated for each three-breed cross. The SN and CA dams produced the highest NFIPD. Overall, the CA dams bred to L sires returned the highest NFIPD with SN dams bred to C sires returning only $0.16 less. The NFIPD was approximately $20 higher for these two F1 female crosses than the next most profitable F1 female crosses. Limousin-cross dams produced the lowest NFIPD, up to $116 less than the CA or SN dams. The NFIPD ranking for the breed of dam's dam was A > N > H and for the breed of sire of dam was S = C > L. The terminal sires ranked L = C > Chi = S. Breed of sire of dam and breed of dam of dam interactions were present. The primary determinants of NFIPD differences among breed crosses were the weaning weight of calves, the percent of dams weaning a calf, calving difficulty, and daily digestible energy requirements for the dam. Key words: Economic, foreign, cattle, crossbreds, cow-calf

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Léger, P., M. Côté, and R. Tinawi. "Thermal protection of concrete dams subjected to freeze–thaw cycles." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 3 (June 1, 1995): 588–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-067.

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Concrete dams located in northern regions are subjected to severe cyclic seasonal temperature variations, which may contribute significantly to the deterioration of the exposed faces and the long-term degradation of strength and stiffness properties. This paper presents a comparative study of thermal protection methods that might be used to improve the durability of concrete dams subjected to freeze–thaw cycles. First, the thermal, structural, and physical processes that affect the dam's resistance to freeze–thaw cycles are discussed. The thermal durability of existing northern concrete dams is then reviewed. Three thermal protection schemes are presented: (i) insulation membranes applied directly to the concrete facings, (ii) insulation membranes with air spaces for drainage or visual inspection, and (iii) insulation made of granular material. Two-dimensional thermomechanical finite element analyses of a typical gravity dam located in Quebec are then carried out to assess the performance of thermal protection systems using different configurations of insulating materials and exposure conditions, and to develop appropriate design criteria. Key words: concrete dams, thermal analysis, insulation, finite element method.

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Fahlbusch, H. "Early dams." Proceedings of the ICE - Engineering History and Heritage 162, no. 1 (January 2, 2009): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ehah.2009.162.1.13.

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Devlin, M. F. "Rubber dams." British Dental Journal 198, no. 6 (March 2005): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4812229.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dams"

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Hatami, Kianoosh. "Effect of reservoir boundaries on the seismic response of gravity dams." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq30090.pdf.

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Amirkolai, Mohsen Ghaemian. "Dam-reservoir interaction effect on the seismic response of concrete gravity dams /." *McMaster only, 1997.

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Fouhy, David, and Bayona Francisco Ríos. "Reliability-Based Analysis of Concrete Dams." Thesis, KTH, Jord- och bergmekanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-176867.

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Dams are designed and assessed based on traditional factor of safety methodology. Several drawbacks of this approach exist; for example varying failure probability for structures where the factor of safety is the same. This traditional factor of safety methodology imposes conservative assumptions in terms of both design and analysis. A probability-based analysis has been suggested to account for the omission of uncertainties and provide a less conservative analysis (Westberg & Johansson, 2014). Through the stability analyses of three existing dam structures, a minimum level of reliability or maximum failure probability may be calculated with the ultimate goal of defining a target safety index (β-target) for buttress and gravity dams. These analyses shall in turn contribute to the formulation of a probability-based guideline for the design and assessment of Swedish concrete dams. This probability-based guideline shall be known as the ‘Probabilistic Model Code for Concrete Dams.’ The calculations carried out in this study adhere to the methodologies and specifications set out in the preliminary draft of the Probabilistic Model Code for Concrete Dams. These methodologies encompass analyses within two dominating failure modes for concrete dams; sliding stability and overturning stability. Various load combinations have been modelled for each dam structure to account for the probabilistic failure of each dam under commonly occurring circumstances. A parametric study has been carried out in order to provide insight into the contribution that existing rock bolts provide to the stability of each dam. Furthermore, a study has been carried out into the existence of a persistent rock joint or failure plane in the rock foundation and the effects its presence would have on the sliding stability of a dam. Finally a discussion had been carried out in order to provide suggestions into the formulation of a target safety index through the data envisaged by our analyses for the design and assessment of Swedish concrete dams.

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Wishart, Jeremy Scott. "Overtopping Breaching of Rock-Avalanche Dams." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1193.

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River blockages formed by rock avalanches appear to pose a higher hazard potential than other landslide dams, given the extreme run-out distances and volumes of rock avalanche deposits. Recent research has identified rock avalanche deposits to have internal sedimentology consisting of a coarse surficial material (carapace) and a finer fragmented interior (body) potentially of critical importance to rock-avalanche dam stability. Physical scale modelling of overtopping failure and breach development in rock avalanche dams was used to quantify the influence of this sedimentology on critical breach parameters, and their prediction using existing embankment dam breach technologies. Results from this study indicate that the time to failure for rock avalanche dams is approximately twice that observed for homogeneous dams due to the armouring properties of the carapace; and that peak discharge is not significantly affected by sedimentology. While application of empirical, parametric, dimensional and physically based models indicated that uncertainty associated with predicted dam break discharges could range from ±19% to ±107%, no modelling technique was able to simulate the armouring phenomenon adequately. Comparison of actual and simulated breach evolution shows linear assumptions of breach depth and width development (as observed in homogeneous dams) to be incorrect. In the context of hazard management, the results suggest that empirical regression relationships should be used for rapid assessment of potential dam break flood magnitude.

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Chandrashaker, Rajagopalan Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil. "Seismic analysis of gravity dam-reservoir-foundation system using an effective hybrid technique." Ottawa, 1992.

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6

Nilsson, Isak, and Leonard Sandström. "Behavior prediction of concrete dams." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289385.

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As many dams were built around 1950, the expected life span of these dams are about tobe reached. With this, the need for monitoring and increased understanding of the damsstructural integrity increases. In order to prevent failures, two warning signals are defined;alert and alarm. The main difference being that the first indicates an unexpected changein behavior that needs to be addressed and evaluated in the near future, while the otherrequires that immediate action must be taken to ensure the safety of the dam.This report aims to evaluate the applicability of different models for designing alert values.In order to achieve this goal, two case studies have been performed. The first being onSchlegeis, an arch dam in Austria, and the second Storfinnforsen, a concrete buttress damin Sweden. The methods used are finite element modelling as well as data-based models.Data-based models work on the presumption that the dam behaviour is governed by variationsin environmental conditions such as temperature and water level. The report hasevaluated two commonly used data-based models, hydrostatic thermal time (HTT) and hydrostaticseasonal time (HST), as well as two machine learning based models artificial neuralnetworks (ANN) and boosted regression trees (BRT).The programs used in this report are BRIGADE plus for finite element method and MATLABfor the multi-linear regression analyses HTT and HST, as well as boosted regressiontrees. The neural networks were constructed in Python using TensorFlow and Keras API.The result from the case studies is that the commonly used data-based models HST andHTT perform well enough for creating predictions and alert levels when given a sufficientamount of historical data, approximately 3-5 years. Machine learning such as artificial neuralnetworks while comparable in prediction quality does not further increase the understandingof the dam behaviour and can due to the complexity of designing an appropriate networkstructure be less suited for this type of analysis. Finite element models can also capturethe behavior of the dam rather well. It is however not as accurate as data-based modelswhen sufficient data is available. An FE-model should be used for definition of alert valueswhen insufficient data exists after the dam conditions have been significantly altered, orwhen newly constructed. The main advantage that machine learning provides is that theyperform better for non-linear behavior than multi-linear regression.

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Durieux, Johan Hendrik. "Development of a practical methodology for the analysis of gravity dams using the non-linear finite element method." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06232009-152815/.

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Xu, Yao. "Analysis of dam failures and diagnosis of distresses for dam rehabilitation /." View abstract or full-text, 2010. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202010%20XU.

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Cai, Qingbo. "Finite element modelling of cracking in concrete gravity dams." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01302008-160623.

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Wu, Xiuyuan Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil. "Seismic behaviour of clay embankment dams." Ottawa, 1992.

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Books on the topic "Dams"

1

1953-, Jackson Donald C., ed. Dams. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997.

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Macy, Christine. Dams. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2009.

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Cooper, Jason. Dams. Vero Beach, Fla: Rourke Enterprises, 1991.

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Ardley, Neil. Dams. Ada, OK: Garrett Educational Corp., 1990.

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International Water Tribunal (2nd 1992 Amsterdam). Dams. Utrecht: International Books, 1994.

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Duflo, Esther. Dams. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Dunn, Andrew. Dams. New York: Thomson Learning, 1993.

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Reclamation, United States Bureau of. Embankment dams. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Assistant Commissioner, Engineering and Research, 1992.

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9

Scudder, Thayer. Large Dams. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2550-2.

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Pedro, José O., ed. Arch Dams. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2488-8.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dams"

1

Godwin, William H., and William F. Cole. "Dams." In Selective Neck Dissection for Oral Cancer, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12127-7_78-1.

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Güven, Aytaç, and Alper Aydemir. "Dams." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47139-2_1.

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Spaniel, Drew. "Dams." In Securing the Nation's Critical Infrastructures, 39–42. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003243021-5.

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Godwin, William H., and William F. Cole. "Dams." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 193–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_78.

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Pereira, Geraldo Magela. "Dams." In Design of Hydroelectric Power Plants – Step by Step, 125–70. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003161325-7.

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Boaz, Beth Matzek. "Dams." In Women in Infrastructure, 305–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92821-6_13.

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Albaji, Mohammad. "Dams." In Introduction to Water Engineering, Hydrology, and Irrigation, 27–49. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003293507-3.

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Proske, Dirk. "Dams." In The Collapse Frequency of Structures, 51–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97247-9_4.

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Brill, Percy H. "Dams." In Introduction to Stochastic Level Crossing Techniques, 209–16. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429297601-7.

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Tanacredi, John T. "Limnological Systems: Damn Dams!" In The Redesigned Earth, 143–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31237-4_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dams"

1

Prathima, E. G., H. Laxmikant, S. A. Naveen, K. R. Venugopal, S. S. Iyengar, and L. M. Patnaik. "DAMS." In the 5th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3057109.3057118.

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Derbel, Bilel, and Sébastien Verel. "DAMS." In the 13th annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2001576.2001839.

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Inazaki, Tomio, Masahiro Kaneko, Kunio Aoike, Drew Clemens, Tracy Dorgan, Laura Fraser, Stanley Nwokebuihe, et al. "Dams & Levees." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/sageep.29-019.

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Mao, Yingkiu, and Shiu Kam. "Closure of tailings dams." In Sixth International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1152_38_mao.

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Fripp, Jon, Greg Morris, Seyed Hajimirzaie, and Claudia C. Hoeft. "Sedimentation and Small Dams." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482971.019.

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Plopeanu, Marin. "SPECIAL GEODETIC MONITORING OF ROCKFILL DAMS - RAU?OR DAM CASE." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/2.2/s09.039.

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"The Research of Replacing the Kariba Dam With Smaller Dams." In 2017 5th International Civil Engineering, Architecture and Machinery Conference. Francis Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/iceamc.2017.08.

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Rupiper, Andrew, William J. Beck, Tyler Groh, Tom Isenhart, Keith E. Schilling, and Peter Moore. "DAM! IMPACTS OF BEAVER DAMS ON SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-378125.

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Abdul Jabbar JAMEL, Asmaa. "EVALUATE STRESSES GENERATED IN EARTHEN DAMS USING GEO-STUDIO." In V. International Scientific Congress of Pure, Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress5-1.

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Water leakage through the earth dam and the foundation is an important phenomenon that must be considered when designing earth dams, as it generates pore water pressure and causes internal erosion of the dam material that affects the stability of the dam by generating stresses and strain in it. There are a variety of technical methods available to minimize these concerns, such as using core, horizontal filter system, or by modifying the dam's geomatics specifications. The current study observed that at steady state flow through earth dam with horizontal filter, core, and no filter. Increasing the slope of the upstream dam reduces the amount of pore water pressure inside the dam body, while the maximum increase in pore water pressure occurs in the case of no filter. Furthermore, the highest stress at the dam's base is increased by the decrease in upstream slope. Furthermore, the dam's upstream slope has a significant effect on the values of the vertical and horizontal displacements created with in dam. Since the presence of the core generates the greatest increase in the horizontal displacement of the dam and foundation section. Changing the permeability coefficient of the dam body also produces a modification in the stresses at the dam's base by about ± 2%. Also, when utilizing the core, there is the lowest increase in seepage discharge, however when using the horizontal filter, there is the greatest rise in discharge (53.78 %) compared to the case without a filter. Furthermore, while using a horizontal filter, the percentage increase was (1.13%) as compared to when no filter being used

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Abdul Jabbar JAMEL, Asmaa. "EVALUATE STRESSES GENERATED IN EARTHEN DAMS USING GEO-STUDIO." In V. International Scientific Congress of Pure, Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress5-4.

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Water leakage through the earth dam and the foundation is an important phenomenon that must be considered when designing earth dams, as it generates pore water pressure and causes internal erosion of the dam material that affects the stability of the dam by generating stresses and strain in it. There are a variety of technical methods available to minimize these concerns, such as using core, horizontal filter system, or by modifying the dam's geomatics specifications. The current study observed that at steady state flow through earth dam with horizontal filter, core, and no filter. Increasing the slope of the upstream dam reduces the amount of pore water pressure inside the dam body, while the maximum increase in pore water pressure occurs in the case of no filter. Furthermore, the highest stress at the dam's base is increased by the decrease in upstream slope. Furthermore, the dam's upstream slope has a significant effect on the values of the vertical and horizontal displacements created with in dam. Since the presence of the core generates the greatest increase in the horizontal displacement of the dam and foundation section. Changing the permeability coefficient of the dam body also produces a modification in the stresses at the dam's base by about ± 2%. Also, when utilizing the core, there is the lowest increase in seepage discharge, however when using the horizontal filter, there is the greatest rise in discharge (53.78 %) compared to the case without a filter. Furthermore, while using a horizontal filter, the percentage increase was (1.13%) as compared to when no filter being used.

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Reports on the topic "Dams"

1

Duflo, Esther, and Rohini Pande. Dams. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11711.

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Allen, James, Stuart Foltz, and Matthew Werth. Sustainment management system dams inspection module : Department of Defense dams inventory and inspection template. Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (U.S.), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/27351.

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Perera, Duminda, Vladimir Smakhtin, Spencer Williams, Taylor North, and Allen Curry. Ageing Water Storage Infrastructure: An Emerging Global Risk. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/qsyl1281.

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The Report provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on the ageing of large dams –an emerging global development issue as tens of thousands of existing large dams have reached or exceeded an “alert” age threshold of 50 years, and many others will soon approach 100 years. These aged structures incur rapidly rising maintenance needs and costs while simultaneously declining their effectiveness and posing potential threats to human safety and the environment. The Report analyzes large dam construction trends across major geographical regions and primary dam functions, such as water supply, irrigation, flood control, hydropower, and recreation. Analysis of existing global datasets indicates that despite plans in some regions and countries to build more water storage dams, particularly for hydropower generation, there will not be another “dam revolution” to match the scale of the high-intensity dam construction experienced in the early to middle, 20th century. At the same time, many of the large dams constructed then are aging, and hence we are already experiencing a “mass ageing” of water storage infrastructure. The Report further explores the emerging practice of decommissioning ageing dams, which can be removal or re-operation, to address issues of ensuring public safety, escalating maintenance costs, reservoir sedimentation, and restoration of a natural river ecosystem. Decommissioning becomes the option if economic and practical limitations prevent a dam from being upgraded or if its original use has become obsolete. The cost of dam removal is estimated to be an order of magnitude less than that of repairing. The Report also gives an overview of dam decommissioning’s socio-economic impacts, including those on local livelihoods, heritage, property value, recreation, and aesthetics. Notably, the nature of these impacts varies significantly between low- and high-income countries. The Report shows that while dam decommissioning is a relatively recent phenomenon, it is gaining pace in the USA and Europe, where many dams are older. However, it is primarily small dams that have been removed to date, and the decommissioning of large dams is still in its infancy, with only a few known cases in the last decade. A few case studies of ageing and decommissioned large dams illustrate the complexity and length of the process that is often necessary to orchestrate the dam removal safely. Even removing a small dam requires years (often decades), continuous expert and public involvement, and lengthy regulatory reviews. With the mass ageing of dams well underway, it is important to develop a framework of protocols that will guide and accelerate the process of dam removal. Overall, the Report aims to attract global attention to the creeping issue of ageing water storage infrastructure and stimulate international efforts to deal with this emerging water risk. This Report’s primary target audiences are governments and their partners responsible for planning and implementing water infrastructure development and management, emphasizing adaptat

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Instrumentation of Embankment Dams and Levees. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402883.

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Tuthill, Andrew M. Ice-Affected Components of Locks and Dams. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399952.

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McDonald, James E., and Nancy F. Curtis. Repair and Rehabilitation of Dams: Case Studies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada372898.

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Bal’zannikov, Mikhail Ivanovich. IMPROVING THE HPP CONCRETE DAMS CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY. DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0536-1052-2021-747-3-68-77.

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Wyatt, Reis, Giovando Jeremy, and Dahl Travis. Snow-impacted National Inventory of Dams by GAGESII Watershed. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48492.

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This Engineering Research and Development Center (ERDC) Technical Note describes the development of a set of locations within the contiguous United States (CONUS) where snowmelt is a component of the annual streamflow. The locations are selected from the US Geological Survey (USGS) Geospatial Attributes of Gages for Evaluating Streamflow II (GAGESII) and National Inventory of Dams (NID) data sets. The 30-year normal snow regimes were used to identify all GAGESII watersheds that have any of the basin delineated as transitional (rain/snow), snow dominated, or perennial snow zones. NID dams that are within snow affected GAGESII watersheds are included in the data set. The purpose of this ERDC Technical Note is to describe the development of a comprehensive data set of CONUS GAGESII and dam infrastructure affected by snow changing regimes.

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Water Management Institute (IWMI), International. Dams and malaria in Africa: time for action. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2018.211.

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Wahl, Ronald E., Mary E. Hynes, Donald E. Yule, and David J. Elton. Seismic Stability Evaluation of Folsom Dam and Reservoir Project. Report 6. Right and Left Wing Dams. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada206660.

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