Relevant bibliographies by topics / Damage Diagnosi

Academic literature on the topic 'Damage Diagnosi'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Damage Diagnosi"

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D'Agostin, Martina, Arianna Traunero, Chiara Zanchi, Matteo Bramuzzo, Sara Lega, and JERNEJ DOLINŠEK. "La diagnosi di celiachia attraverso casi clinici interattivi." Medico e Bambino 41, no. 1 (January 25, 2022): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53126/meb41029.

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Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated systemic disease that affects 1% of the population and it is caused by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed subjects. Clinical manifestations and intestinal damage completely resolve once gluten is excluded from the diet, therefore the precocity of diagnosis is of primary relevance. Although considerable progress has been made in recent years, the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations still causes diagnostic delay. The European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) has recently published an update of the guidelines providing tools to optimize diagnostic skills. This work aims to summarize the main topics of the new guidelines through illustrative clinical cases.
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Ai, Demi, Hui Luo, and Hongping Zhu. "Diagnosis and validation of damaged piezoelectric sensor in electromechanical impedance technique." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 28, no. 7 (July 28, 2016): 837–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x16657427.

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Piezoelectric sensor diagnosis and validity assessment as a prior component of structural health monitoring system are necessary in the practical application of electromechanical impedance technique. This article proposed an innovative sensor self-diagnosis process based on extracting the characterization of the real admittance (inverse of impedance) signature within a high-frequency range, which covered both diagnosis on damaged sensor after its installation and discrimination of sensor and structural damages during structural health monitoring process. Theoretical analysis was derived from the impedance model of piezoelectric-bonding layer-structure dynamic interaction system. Experimental investigations on piezoelectric sensor-bonded steel beam involved with structural damages of mass addition and notch damage were conducted to verify the process. It was found that the real admittance was reliable and critical in sensor diagnosis, and sensor faults of debonding, scratch, and breakage can be identified and differentiated from structural damage. Validity assessment of the diagnosed damaged sensor was addressed through resonant frequency shift method. The results showed that the validity of damaged sensor for structural health monitoring was inordinately depreciated by sensor damage. This article is expected to be useful for structural health monitoring application especially when damaged piezoelectric sensors existed.
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Xu, Qian. "Investigation of Damage Diagnosis of Retaining Wall Structures Based on the Hilbert Damage Feature Vector Spectrum." Shock and Vibration 2019 (October 7, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3509470.

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To diagnose damages within the retaining wall structure, the Hilbert marginal energy spectrum was acquired via the Hilbert–Huang transformation of virtual impulse response functions of responses to the retaining wall under ambient excitations. Based on the Hilbert marginal energy spectrum, the Hilbert damage feature vector spectrum was created. On the basis of the damage feature vector spectrum, a damage identification index was proposed. Based on the damage feature vector spectrum and damage index, the damage state of the retaining wall was detected by the damage feature vector spectrum, damage locations of the wall were diagnosed by the damage index trend surface, and the damage intensity of the wall was identified by the quantitative relationship between the damage index and damage intensity. Based on this, a damage diagnosis method for retaining wall structures was proposed. To verify the feasibility and validity of the damage diagnosis method, both model tests and field tests on a pile plate retaining wall are performed under ambient excitations. Test results show that the damage state of the wall can be detected sensitively, damage locations can be diagnosed validly, and damage intensity can be identified quantitatively via this damage diagnosis method.
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Wang, Sheng Chun, Rong Sheng Shen, Tong Hong Jin, and Shi Jun Song. "Dynamic Behavior Analysis and its Application in Tower Crane Structure Damage Identification." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 2478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.2478.

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First establish a dynamic model of tower crane in the load lifting process, the lifting load is solved.Then establish the FEM model of the tower crane under the normal and the damage condition. Get the dynamic displacement of the normal and the damage status under the lifting dynamic load. Propose a damaged diagnosis method by the displacement rate. The results of the study show that this method can not only diagnose the structural damage status, but also determine the positions of structural damage. This will be a new search on tower crane structural health diagnosis.
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Yuan, Xiaoqing, Naqash Azeem, Azka Khalid, and Jahanzeb Jabbar. "Vibration Energy at Damage-Based Statistical Approach to Detect Multiple Damages in Roller Bearings." Applied Sciences 12, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 8541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178541.

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This study proposes a statistical approach based on vibration energy at damage to detect multiple damages occurring in roller bearings. The analysis was performed at four different rotating speeds—1002, 1500, 2400, and 3000 RPM—following four different damages—inner race, outer race, ball, and combination damage—and under two types of loading conditions. These experiments were performed on a SpectraQuest Machinery Fault Simulator™ by acquiring the vibration data through accelerometers under two operating conditions: with the bearing loader on the rotor shaft and without the bearing loader on the rotor shaft. The histograms showed diversity in the defected bearing as compared to the intact bearing. There was a marked increase in the kurtosis values of each damaged roller bearing. This research article proposes that histograms, along with kurtosis values, represent changes in vibration energy at damage that can easily detect a damaged bearing. This study concluded that the vibration energy at damage-based statistical technique is an outstanding approach to detect damages in roller bearings, assisting Industry 4.0 to diagnose faults automatically.
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An, Yonghui, Yue Zhong, Yanbin Tan, and Jinping Ou. "Experimental and numerical studies on a test method for damage diagnosis of stay cables." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 2 (July 28, 2016): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216659927.

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To diagnose the state of stay cables, a vibration-based model-free damage diagnosis method of stay cables using the changes in natural frequencies is further proposed and validated. The structural frequency is rapidly and easily acquired; moreover, it is simple and reliable for damage diagnosis. The frequency would change after the stay cable is damaged, so the frequency change could be used as the damage index. However, the stay cables are very long in long-span cable-stayed bridges, and their frequencies are very small; the frequency change due to small damage of the stay cable would be submerged by the surrounding noise and error of parameter identification process. A temporary diagonal steel bar–based method is used to solve this issue. The steel bar is installed with one end on the stay cable close to the bottom anchor head and the other end on the bridge deck; thus, the stay cable is divided into a short part and a long part by the steel bar. The frequency of a stay cable with a given tension force increases with the decrease in its length; according to the qualitative analysis, the frequency of the short part increases dramatically, and the local frequency change of the short part due to the same damage in the whole stay cable is amplified dramatically; thus, the small damage of a stay cable can be diagnosed easily. Numerical simulations of a stay cable selected from a cable-stayed bridge and a laboratorial stay cable are used to validate the method and also give a recommended rule for design of the temporary diagonal steel bar; experimental validation has also been conducted. All the results indicate that the proposed method works very well in damage diagnosis of stay cables. The proposed method is an output-only, model-free, fast and economical damage diagnosis method for stay cables.
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Bhargav Sai, Cherukuri, and D. Mallikarjuna Reddy. "Dynamic Analysis of Faulty Rotors through Signal Processing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 852 (September 2016): 602–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.852.602.

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In this study, an effective method based on wavelet transform, for identification of damage on rotating shafts is proposed. The nodal displacement data of damaged rotor is processed to obtain wavelet coefficients to detect, localise and quantify damage severity. Because the wavelet coefficients are calculated with various scaled indices, local disturbances in the mode shape data can be found out in the finer scales that are positioned at local disturbances. In the present work the displacement data are extracted from the MATLAB model at a particular speed. Damage is represented as reduction in diameter of the shaft. The difference vectors between damaged and undamaged shafts are used as input vectors for wavelet analysis. The measure of damage severity is estimated using a parameter formulated from the distribution of wavelet coefficients with respect to the scales. Diagnosis results for different damage cases such as single and multiple damages are presented.
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Kim, Ju-Won, Kassahun Demissie Tola, Dai Quoc Tran, and Seunghee Park. "MFL-Based Local Damage Diagnosis and SVM-Based Damage Type Classification for Wire Rope NDE." Materials 12, no. 18 (September 7, 2019): 2894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12182894.

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Wire ropes used in various applications such as elevators and cranes to safely carry heavy weights are vulnerable to breakage or cross-sectional loss caused by the external environment. Such damage can pose a serious risk to the safety of the entire structure because damage under tensile force rapidly expands due to concentration of stress. In this study, the magnetic flux leakage (MFL) method was applied to diagnose cuts, corrosion, and compression damage in wire ropes. Magnetic flux signals were measured by scanning damaged wire rope specimens using a multi-channel sensor head and a compact data acquisition system. A series of signal-processing procedures, including the Hilbert transform-based enveloping process, was applied to reduce noise and improve the resolution of signals. The possibility of diagnosing several types of damage was verified using enveloped magnetic flux signals. The characteristics of the MFL signals according to each damage type were then analyzed by comparing the extracted damage indices for each damage type. For automated damage type classification, a support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier was trained using the extracted damage indices. Finally, damage types were automatically classified as cutting and other damages using the trained SVM classifier.
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Zhang, Jian Wei, Yi Na Zhang, and Sheng Zhao Cheng. "Damage Diagnosis of Radial Gate Based on Modal Strain Energy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 4240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.4240.

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Non-destructive testing and safety monitoring of structure has been a hot and difficult engineering research problems, and an effective extraction of damage characteristic factor is a critical and theoretical research on structural damage detection and monitoring technology. The basic theory of modal strain energy and the steps to damage diagnosis are discussed in the paper.A a radial gate with different damaged locations and damaged degree is studied,and the results show that modal strain energy can be used as structural damage location sensitive factor,and that the indicator can be a very good identification of the location and extent of structural damage,and that the results of damage diagnosis are clear and reliable.
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Gao, Feng, Xiaojiang Wu, Qiang Liu, Juncheng Liu, and Xiyun Yang. "Fault Simulation and Online Diagnosis of Blade Damage of Large-Scale Wind Turbines." Energies 12, no. 3 (February 7, 2019): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030522.

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Damaged wind turbine (WT) blades have an imbalanced load and abnormal vibration, which affects their safe and stable operation or even results in blade rupture. To solve this problem, this study proposes a new method to detect damage in WT blades using wavelet packet energy spectrum analysis and operational modal analysis. First, a wavelet packet transform is used to analyze the tip displacement of the blades to obtain the energy spectrum. The damage is detected preliminarily based on the energy change in different frequency bands. Subsequently, an operational modal analysis method is used to obtain the modal parameters of the blade sections and the damage is located based on the modal strain energy change ratio (MSECR). Finally, the professional WT simulation software GH (Garrad Hassan) Bladed is used to simulate the blade damage and the results are verified by developing an online fault diagnosis platform integrated with MATLAB. The results show that the proposed method is able to diagnose and locate the damage accurately and provide a basis for further research of online damage diagnosis for WT blades.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Damage Diagnosi"

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CIVERA, MARCO. "Vibration-based Assessment of Structural Changes in the Linear and Nonlinear Response of Mechanical Structures for Aerospace Applications." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2932751.

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Stubbs, Peter John. "Cardiac Troponin T and myocardial damage." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309504.

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Ahmed, Usman. "Protein damage markers in diagnosis, progression and treatment of arthritis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58716/.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are joint diseases associated with damage and proteolytic loss of protein from affected joints. The types and amounts of protein damage and related proteolytic debris in synovial fluid and released into the circulation has not been studied comprehensively. The aim of this study is to quantify levels of protein damage in a cross-sectional pilot study of synovial fluid and plasma of patients with early-stage OA (eOA) and RA (eRA), and self-resolving arthritis (non-RA), and compare these with patients with advanced stage OA (aOA) and RA (aRA), and with plasma of healthy subjects. Patients with eOA, aOA, eRA and non-RA were recruited by collaborating clinicians from rheumatology and orthopaedic clinics in hospitals in Coventry, Birmingham, Ipswich and Exeter and synovial fluid and plasma samples collected from patients with consent. Major chemically-defined markers of protein damage by glycation, oxidation, nitration and citrullination were quantified in sample protein and in ultrafiltrate (glycated, oxidized and nitrated amino acids) by stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Hydroxyproline was also determined. Our results demonstrated varying degrees of changes within protein damage marker concentrations across all subject groups, however there were many significant changes. Protein oxidation and advanced glycation endproducts were noted to be elevated both synovial fluid and plasma of patients with aRA and aOA with elevated levels also noted in eRA and eOA synovial fluid. Citrullinated proteins were noted to be markedly increased in plasma protein in both eOA and eRA. Markers of nitration were also elevated in non-RA plasma there was a decrease in nitration despite increases in glycation and oxidation. Changes in damaged amino acids in synovial fluid and plasma were similar across all patients. In aRA and aOA there was increased amino acid oxidation and advanced glycation and decreased amino acid nitration. There was also increased hydroxyproline in plasma. In eRA and eOA there was increased amino acid oxidation and increased advanced glycation in eRA (Nω-carboxymethylarginine). Changes in amino acid oxidation and advanced glycation were restricted to plasma in non-RA. The changes in protein damage and citrullination were characteristic “signatures” that allowed production of data trained algorithms with over ≥ 97% specificity and sensitivity for diagnosis and discrimination of eOA, eRA and non-RA. This study provides the first comprehensive attempt at quantification of protein damage markers in joint disease using LC-MS/MS techniques – a gold standard. The improved characterisation of protein damage and related metabolites will likely advance understanding of early-stage processes in joint degeneration which is still poorly understood and may provide novel plasma biomarkers for diagnosis and risk of disease progression.
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Peetathawatchai, Chatmongkol. "The applicability of neural network systems for the structural damage diagnosis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40591.

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Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1996.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 252-266).
by Chatmongkol Peetathawatchai.
Sc.D.
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Wang, Kaihong. "Vibration Analysis of Cracked Composite Bending-torsion Beams for Damage Diagnosis." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29891.

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An analytical model of cracked composite beams vibrating in coupled bending-torsion is developed. The beam is made of fiber-reinforced composite with fiber angles in each ply aligned in the same direction. The crack is assumed open. The local flexibility concept is implemented to model the open crack and the associated compliance matrix is derived. The crack introduces additional boundary conditions at the crack location and these effects in conjunction with those of material properties are investigated. Free vibration analysis of the cracked composite beam is presented. The results indicate that variation of natural frequencies in the presence of a crack is affected by the crack ratio and location, as well as the fiber orientation. In particular, the variation pattern is different as the magnitude of bending-torsion coupling changes due to different fiber angles. When bending and torsional modes are essentially decoupled at a certain fiber angle if there is no crack, the crack introduces coupling to the initially uncoupled bending and torsion. Based on the crack model, aeroelastic characteristics of an unswept composite wing with an edge crack are investigated. The cracked composite wing is modeled by a cracked composite cantilever and the inertia coupling terms are included in the model. An approximate solution on critical flutter and divergence speeds is obtained by Galerkin's method in which the fundamental mode shapes of the cracked wing model in free vibration are used. It is shown that the critical divergence/flutter speed is affected by the elastic axis location, the inertia axis location, fiber angles, and the crack ratio and location. Moreover, model-based crack detection (size and location) by changes in natural frequencies is addressed. The Cawley-Adams criterion is implemented and a new strategy in grouping frequencies is proposed to reduce the probability of measurement errors. Finally, sensitivity of natural frequencies to model parameter uncertainties is investigated. Uncertainties are modeled by information-gap theory and represented with a collection of nested sets. Five model parameters that may have larger uncertainties are selected in the analysis, and the frequency sensitivities to uncertainties in the five model parameters are compared in terms of two immunity functions.
Ph. D.
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Gregory, Erin Kathleen Taylor. "Cognitive and Perceptual-Motor Indicators of Lateralized vs. Diffuse Brain Damage in Adults." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3287/.

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Among the goals of the neuropsychological assessment are to detect the presence of brain damage, localize which areas of the brain may be dysfunctional and describe subsequent functional impairments. The sensitivity of neuropsychological instruments in carrying out these functions is a question of some debate. The purpose of this study is to determine the utility of lateralizing indicators from the WAIS-III, McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND) and Haptic Visual Discrimination Test (HVDT), from the McCarron-Dial System Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (MDS), in ascertaining the presence or absence of brain damage as well as location of lesion. The classification accuracies of using performance level indicators from these tests and lateralizing indicators, alone and together, were compared.
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Layton, Donald Charles. "The relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale ratings and the neuropsychological functioning in acutely head injured thirteen through twenty-six year olds." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/442601.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) provides a valid indication of severity after closed head injury. A second purpose was to determine the nature of the deficits seen with head injured persons shortly after injury.The subjects were 69 patients ages 13 through 26 selected from consecutive closed head injury admissions to a large acute care hospital. The subjects received comprehensive neuropsychological testing after having passed the Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test.Two a priori hypotheses were specified for each of eight neuropsychological test groupings (i.e., motor, memory, visuographic, achievement, abstraction and concept formation, language, problem solving, and psychometric intelligence). For each of the eight test groupings two, one-way multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA) were used to determine statistical significance. Premorbid IQ was used as a covariate in all of the analyses. Specifically, these a priori contrasts were GCS group (8 compared with GCS group 9-15 and GCS group 9-12 compared with GCS group 13-15. Each of the significant MANCOVA tests was followed with discriminant analysis.The results revealed that 15 out of the 16 null hypotheses were rejected (p<.05 or less) thus providing clear evidence for the usefulness of the GCS as an indicator of the severity of injury. Most notable of the results is that the GCS group comparison of 9-12 and 13-15 reached significance in seven of the eight comparisons. Given this finding, there seems justification for the GCS division of 9-12 denoting a moderately injured group and 13-15 denoting a mildly injured group as was proposed in previous research. Redundancy indexes of 6% to 25% were obtained which indicated small to relatively large effect sizes for the various criterion variates.With discriminant analysis it was determined that accurate classification into GCS groups could be achieved in 64% to 94% of the cases based upon a combination of premorbid IQ and the criterion variates. This represented an increase in classification accuracy of from 13% to 51%to be over what could be accomplished with knowledge of the premorbid IQ alone. The motor test composite, problem solving test composite and abstraction and concept formation composite revealed the highest rates of reclassification.
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Scholtz, Brendon P. "Effects of Cautioning and Education in the Detection of Malingered Mild Traumatic Brain Injury." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5247/.

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This study examined the effectiveness of cautioning and education on simulating a mild traumatic brain injury on several neuropsychological measures. The measures used included the Word Memory Test (WMT), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales® - Third Edition (WAIS®-III), Wechsler Memory Scales®-3rd Edition instrument (WMS®-III), 16-item version of the Rey Memory Test, and a self-report symptom checklist. Five experimental groups were used including clinical and non-clinical controls, as well as three simulation groups. The design and implementation of this study also attempted to correct several methodological short comings of prior research by increasing the incentives for participants, expanding the generalizability of findings and examining research compliance and participant self-perception through debriefing. Discriminant analysis was utilized to determine if specific functions existed that would correctly classify and distinguish each experimental group. Several discriminant functions had at least moderate canonical correlations and good classification accuracy. Results also include utility estimates given projected varying base rates of malingering.
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Grimshaw, P. N. "Quantitative assessment of knee instability." Thesis, University of Salford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234593.

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Taylor, Erin Kathleen. "The utility of the McCarron-Dial System in determining location of brain lesion." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4570/.

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Among the goals of neuropsychological assessment are to detect the presence of brain damage, localize which areas of the brain may be dysfunctional, and describe subsequent functional impairments. The sensitivity of neuropsychological instruments in carrying out these functions has long been a question of debate. The purpose of the present study was to determine the utility of various performance level indictors and lateralizing indicators from the McCarron-Dial System Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (MDS) in ascertaining the presence or absence of brain damage as well as location of lesion. Models used in the present study appear to provide increased classification accuracy compared to other studies utilizing the MDS. The MDS was also shown to be comparable to other well-known neuropsychological batteries, including the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (HRB) and the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) with regard to distinguishing between those with brain damage and normal controls, and also localizing brain lesion. The results of this study offer clinicians parsimonious models to evaluate for presence of lesion and its location so this information may be used to make accurate, thorough diagnoses and appropriate treatment and rehabilitation recommendations.
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Books on the topic "Damage Diagnosi"

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Philip, Bates, and Migotto Marco, eds. Brain damage: Medico-legal aspects. Bondi Junction, N.S.W., Australia: Blackstone Press, 1994.

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Granacher, Robert P. Traumatic brain injury: Methods for clinical and forensic neuropsychiatric assessment. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

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Erik, Mogensen Carl, ed. Microalbuminuria: A marker for end organ damage. 3rd ed. London: Science Press, 2004.

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Carlos, Kaski Juan, and Holt David W, eds. Myocardial damage: Early detection by novel biochemical markers. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1998.

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Josef, Stachowiak Franz, ed. Developments in the assessment and rehabilitation of brain-damaged patients: Perspectives from a European concerted action. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag, 1993.

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Mild traumatic brain injury: Symptom validity assessment and malingering. New York: Springer Pub. Co., 2013.

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Martin, Marcia Rae. Finding a hitch that fits: For those individuals suffering from traumatic brain injury-TBI : a consulting resource guide including practical vocational strategies, planning, counseling & neuropsychological assessment. Dallas, OR (PO Box 260, Dallas 97338): Family Flair Pub., 1992.

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Godart, Bruno. Guide to Diagnosis and Appraisal of AAR Damage to Concrete in Structures: Part 1 Diagnosis (AAR 6.1). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013.

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1949-, Bigler Erin D., ed. Traumatic brain injury: Mechanisms of damage, assessment, intervention, and outcome. Austin, Tex: Pro-Ed, 1990.

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Minor traumatic brian injury handbook: Diagnosis and treatment. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Damage Diagnosi"

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White, Nathan J., and Kevin R. Ward. "Blood Failure: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis." In Damage Control Resuscitation, 41–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20820-2_3.

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Petros, Peter. "Diagnosis of Connective Tissue Damage." In The Female Pelvic Floor, 48–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05445-1_3.

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Petros, Peter. "Diagnosis of Connective Tissue Damage." In The Female Pelvic Floor, 77–117. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03787-0_3.

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Tambini, M., and G. Cosenza. "Damage Diagnosis Using Knowledge Processing Techniques." In The European Oil and Gas Conference, 523. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9844-1_75.

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Sankararaman, Shankar, and Sankaran Mahadevan. "Uncertainty Assessment in Structural Damage Diagnosis." In Rotating Machinery, Structural Health Monitoring, Shock and Vibration, Volume 5, 287–94. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9428-8_23.

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Buljak, Vladimir, Giuseppe Cocchetti, Aram Cornaggia, Tomasz Garbowski, Giulio Maier, and Giorgio Novati. "Materials Mechanical Characterizations and Structural Diagnoses by Inverse Analyses." In Handbook of Damage Mechanics, 619–42. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5589-9_33.

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Buljak, Vladimir, Giuseppe Cocchetti, Aram Cornaggia, Tomasz Garbowski, Giulio Maier, and Giorgio Novati. "Materials Mechanical Characterizations and Structural Diagnoses by Inverse Analyses." In Handbook of Damage Mechanics, 1–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8968-9_33-1.

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Jiang, Hongkai, Zhengjia He, Chendong Duan, and Xue Feng Chen. "Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Using Adaptive Redundant Second Generation Wavelet." In Damage Assessment of Structures VI, 95–102. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-976-8.95.

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Wilson, Barbara A., Allen Paul, Rose Anita, and Kubickova Veronika. "Is it always easy to diagnose LIS?" In Locked-In Syndrome after Brain Damage, 21–27. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2019. | Series: After brain injury: survivor stories: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315204727-4.

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Leemann, Andreas, Esperanza Menéndez, and Leandro Sanchez. "Assessment of Damage and Expansion." In Diagnosis & Prognosis of AAR Affected Structures, 15–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44014-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Damage Diagnosi"

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Yiduo, Tian, and Hu Wenjun. "Research on Development of On-Line Monitoring of Fuel Damage in Nuclear Power Plant." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-93128.

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Abstract The occurrence of fuel damage has serious impact on safety and economic efficiency of nuclear power plants. The on-line monitoring and diagnosis system of fuel damage in nuclear power plant can timely determine whether the fuel element cladding is damaged or not, and diagnose the relevant information such as the size of the rupture, the position of the damaged component and the location of the damage. The paper investigates some fuel damage monitoring systems and analyses their basic structure and process. Based on the examples, the paper classifies the process into radioactive signal detection, decomposition and failure diagnosis part and discusses the theoretical and experimental basis. Different methods of fuel damage diagnosis along with factors resulting in errors and applicable conditions are also discussed. Through the investigation, some results can be concluded that the reason that the online detection system of fuel damage is not widely used is mainly due to precision limitation. Future efforts should be made on decomposition and failure diagnosis part in order to reach a fast response and high accuracy.
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Edquilang, David, and Jeff Feng. "A Novel Headset System Synchronizing Vision and EEG testing for a Rapid Assessment and Diagnosis of Concussions and Other Brain Injuries." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002125.

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Millions of concussions happen each year in the US alone. A proportionally large number of these concussions are due to high impact sports injury. Currently, there exists no solution to quickly monitor brain functions and test the oculomotor functions of individuals who have suffered a traumatic brain injury in order to diagnose them as having suffered a concussion. What is presently done to diagnose concussions is a CT scan or MRI, which are lengthy procedures to schedule, set up, and conduct; and furthermore, takes additional time to analyze the results in order to arrive at a diagnosis. This prolongation of the diagnosing process is inherently problematic since the longer time it takes between time of injury and time of diagnosis, there is greater risk of decisions and actions which can worsen damage to the brain. The sooner a concussion can be diagnosed, the sooner and better the treatment can be performed for recovery. In order to ameliorate this issue, we seek to develop a device to perform the function of diagnosis and monitoring of brain activity in a more rapid and timely manner. Literature review into the anatomy of vestibular and ocular brain functions was performed; as well as research into various testing and monitoring methodologies of these vestibular and ocular functions. One such method that has proven to be a reliable method for diagnosis is Vestibular Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS), which is a visual and balance test performed by a doctor with a patient. Further research was also done into existing technologies whose functionalities would allow the device in order to perform brain monitoring, visual testing, and ultimately diagnosis; namely EEG, VR, and infrared eye tracking. Currently, very few devices on the market take advantage of these technologies together for medical uses. A device incorporating these technologies together allows would allow for more consistent administering of visual tests and real-time monitoring of brain activity. With a functional prototype, user testing is to be performed in order to assess the function and viability of the device.
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Wang, Shuqing, Huajun Li, and Sau-Lon James Hu. "Cross Modal Strain Energy Method for Damage Localization and Severity Estimation." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29381.

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A cross modal strain energy (CMSE) damage diagnosis method, which is capable of localizing the damages and estimating their severities, is presented. The numerical study uses measurements synthesized from a finite element model of a laboratory-scaled offshore platform. Several damage scenarios are investigated, including: single/double damaged element(s), with/without measurement noise. Numerical results suggest that good performance on both damage location and severity assessment can be achieved by implementing the CMSE method.
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Nakajima, Keyaki, Eiichirou Tanaka, Kazunari Okabe, Hitoshi Takebe, Kazuteru Nagamura, Kiyotaka Ikejo, Shinji Hashimura, Keiichi Muramatsu, Keiichi Watanuki, and Ryozo Nemoto. "Development of the Easy Set-Up and In Situ Automatic Gear Diagnostic System Using a Laser Beam." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47252.

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We developed a method which can diagnose damage on a gear tooth surface by using laser beam without a rotary encoder. This method is as follows: 1) The tooth bottom, the tooth tip and their two medians are detected by the differentials of the laser reflection data. 2) The gear rotation speed is calculated with these four positions, and interpolated according to the rotation fluctuation. 3) By using the calculated gear rotation speed, the measured data can be converted corresponding to the gear rotation angle. Thus we diagnose gear tooth surface damage without being influenced by rotational fluctuation. We did diagnosis experiments and we made contour maps show diagnosis accuracy. From these maps, we got the following conclusions: 1) The accuracy of damage diagnosis is the same level regardless of the presence or absence of a rotary encoder. 2) The cycle of rotational fluctuation hardly affects the accuracy. 3) Bigger fluctuation amplitude makes the range accuracy worse, however the position accuracy improves.
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Namba, Yasuhiro, Shunji Kato, Masami Iwai, Hiroshi Sato, Kentaroh Kokubun, and Sotaro Masanobu. "Prediction of Cumulative Fatigue Damage of Mooring Dolphins." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51362.

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Very Large Floating Structures, so-called Mega-Floats, are the kind of social infrastructures. They are generally expected to keep their integrity for a long period, for example, more than 100 years. So, it is necessary to develop Long-Term Integrity Prediction and Diagnosis System to diagnose the soundness of Mega-Floats. In the present study, we paid our attention to dolphin-fender type mooring devices that pontoon type VLFS are equipped with. As a part of Long-Term Integrity Prediction and Diagnosis System, we developed a long-term integrity prediction code (Cumulative Fatigue Damage Prediction Code) to predict damage of these dolphins. We made an at-sea experiment with pontoon type VLFS model of 201.5 [m] length, 100 [m] breadth, and 3 [m] depth (We call this “At-Sea Experiment for Verifying Functions of Mega-Float Information Data Center”). The model had two dolphin-fender type mooring devices and we applied Cumulative Fatigue Damage Prediction Code to these devices.
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Zhao, Hao, Weifei Hu, Zhenyu Liu, and Jianrong Tan. "A CapsNet-Based Fault Diagnosis Method for a Digital Twin of a Wind Turbine Gearbox." In ASME 2021 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2021-66029.

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Abstract Accurate fault diagnosis of complex energy systems, such as wind turbines, is essential to avoid catastrophic accidents and ensure a stable power source. However, accurate fault diagnoses under dynamic operating conditions and various failure mechanisms are major challenges for wind turbines nowadays. Here we present a CapsNet-based deep learning scheme for data-driven fault diagnosis used in a digital twin of a wind turbine gearbox. The CapsNet model can extract the multi-dimensional features and rich spatial information from the gearbox monitoring data by an artificial neural network named the CapsNet. Through the dynamic routing algorithm between capsules, the network structure and parameters of the CapsNet model can be adjusted effectively to realize an accurate and robust classification of the operational conditions of a wind turbine gearbox, including front box stuck (single fault) and high-speed shaft bearing damage & planetary gear damage (coupling faults). Two gearbox datasets are used to verify the performance of the CapsNet model. The experimental results show that the accuracy of this proposed method is up to 98%, which proves the accuracy of CapsNet model in the case study when this model performed three-state classification (health, stuck, and coupled damage). Compared with state-of-the-art fault diagnosis methods reported in the literature, the CapsNet model has a competitive advantage, especially in the ability to diagnose coupling faults, high-speed shaft bearing damage & planetary gear damage in our case study. CapsNet has at least 2.4 percentage points higher than any other measure in our experiment. In addition, the proposed method can automatically extract features from the original monitoring data, and do not rely on expert experience or signal processing related knowledge, which provides a new avenue for constructing an accurate and efficient digital twin of wind turbine gearboxes.
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Tanaka, Eiichirou, Yuta Kojima, Hiroki Yoshimi, Kazunari Okabe, Hitoshi Takebe, Satoshi Wada, Kazuteru Nagamura, Kiyotaka Ikejo, and Ryozo Nemoto. "Development of a Diagnosis Method of a Gear Tooth Surface by Predicting Laser Beam Reflection." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12993.

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We developed a new diagnostic method by using a laser beam. This method is as follows: A tooth surface is irradiated by the zonal laser beam from an oblique direction, and then the irradiated laser beam line is shifted along the surface of the tooth according to gear rotation. If the damage on the irradiated tooth surface exists, the voltage proportional to laser reflection increases. We developed the method to predict and make the reflection benchmark on the normal condition according to the gear surface. To make the benchmark of the diagnosis, the three dimensional basic-data map (x: irradiated angle, y: irradiated distance, z: reflection intensity) was created by measuring the gear only whose material, heat treatment, and roughness were same as the targeted gear. By using the equations of tooth profile and fillet curves calculated from the specifications of the targeted gear, the distance and angle relations between the laser sensor and the tooth surface can be derived. By using the three dimensional basic-data map, the benchmark can be created. The measured reflection data of the non-damage gear agreed well with the benchmark, therefore we can diagnose the various specification gears, if the targeted gear’s material, heat treatment, and roughness are same. Finally, by using the benchmark which was made by our developed method, we proposed a novel diagnosis method. The procedure of the method is as follows: 1) The benchmark is made from the targeted gear’s specifications. 2) To take into account the fluctuation of the benchmark line influenced by the roughness on the gear surface, normal condition area of the reflected data is defined in the range between −0.05 V and +0.05 V of the benchmark line. 3) The normal condition area and measured data is compared, if the measured data is deviated from the normal condition area, there is defined as the abnormal area possible to be damaged. To confirm the validity of this diagnosis method, the measured value of the damage area with caliper directly and calculated value from the method as mentioned above. The errors of the area and the location were within 20 %. Therefore, the effectiveness of the method using the benchmark data can be confirmed.
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Nayeb-Hashemi, H., and A. Harrison. "Dynamic Response of a Heat Damaged Fiber-Resin Beam Subjected to Harmonic Forcing at the Tip." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1259.

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Abstract A cantilever beam built of fiber-resin composite material and damaged by heat is evaluated for its dynamic response using numerical methods. The goal of research is to produce a diagnostic process in which dynamic response can be used to estimate the severity of damage to the beam. Research proceeds from formulation of the continuous media equations for vibration in a multiply segmented beam, to the development of finite element models for the beam. It is discovered that the results of these two methods are qualitatively different from the predictions of a lumped system model, in that the lumped system predicts that frictional damping should reduce the dominant frequency of vibration while the more elaborated models indicate that damping may increase the dominant frequency. It is further discovered that the size and location of damage (the geometry) are equally as important as the local stiffness and damping of the damaged region (the material properties). The results indicate that the dominant frequency of dynamic response is not a sufficient symptom for complete diagnosis of damage in the beam.
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Tsuchimoto, Koji, Naoaki Wada, and Yoshikazu Kitagawa. "Structural Assessment System for Damage and Degradation: Two-Stage Damage Identification Based on Neural Networks and Improved MDLAC Method." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2942.

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A “smart” structure has many functions, including monitoring, repairing, shape formation, and learning. Recently, interest in applying a monitoring system to structures for quality assurance and for evaluating seismic risk has been strong. Monitoring system is useful to diagnose the structural condition, and detect structural damage and degradation. In this study, we developed a monitoring system to assess the structural integrity. This system includes a diagnostic system for structural damage and degradation based on neural networks and improved MDLAC method, say, to detect the damage sites globally by applying neural networks and then to narrow the damage sites by using improved MDLAC method. To validate this system, we then use the 5-story structure in which the beams are fixed at both ends in order to confirm the performance of our proposal damage detection methods. As a result, it is pointed out that there are some possibilities to confirm the diagnostic system by utilizing these two methods.
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Sun, Kai, Guang Meng, Fucai Li, Lin Ye, and Ye Lu. "Damage Detection in Thick Steel Beam Using Lamb Waves." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-534.

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Different from the mostly concerned Lamb wave-based damage detection for thin plates, this paper presents a diagnosis procedure on thick steel beams with thickness of 34 mm. The diagnosis strategy and specimens were first described, and some parameters, such as the frequency and the number of cycles of the diagnostic waveform, were discussed. Based on finite element method (FEM) simulation, the experiment configuration was addressed, results from which show good similarity between the outcomes from the simulations and those from the experiments. Wavelet transform was further used to process the acquired Lamb wave signals for the purpose of damage detection and localization. Meanwhile, the velocity of the Lamb waves was calculated, illustrating that the fundamental anti-symmetric (A0) Lamb wave mode was excited in this case. The results demonstrate that Lamb waves can also be applied to some thick structures for the purpose of structural health monitoring.
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Reports on the topic "Damage Diagnosi"

1

Ju, Frederick D. Structure Dynamic Theories for Damage Diagnosis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada203209.

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Landen, N. NIF diagnostic damage and design issues. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/9878.

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Hirshfield, Jay L. Diagnostic for charging and damage of dielectrics in accelerators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1164914.

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Qu, Jianmin, Zdenek Bazant, Laurence Jacobs, and Maria Guimaraes. Nonlinear Ultrasonic Diagnosis and Prognosis of ASR Damage in Dry Cask Storage. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1253945.

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Sharma, Pushpa, Neil Grunberg, He Li, Erin Berry, and Brandi Benford. Mitochondrial Damage: A Diagnostic and Metabolic Approach in Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Disorder. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada579698.

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Viksna, Ludmila, Oksana Kolesova, Aleksandrs Kolesovs, Ieva Vanaga, and Seda Arutjunana. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients (Latvia, Spring 2020). Rīga Stradiņš University, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25143/fk2/hnmlhh.

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Data include following variables: Demographics, epidemiological history, comorbidities, diagnosis, complications, and symptoms on admission to the hospital. Also, body’s temperature and SpO2. Blood cells: white cells count (WBC), neutrophils (Neu), lymphocytes (Ly), eosinophils (Eo) and monocytes (Mo), percentages of segmented and banded neutrophils, erythrocytes (RBC), platelet count (PLT), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (HCT); Inflammatory indicators: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP); Tissue damage indicators: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and troponin T (TnT); Electrolytes: potassium and sodium concentration; Renal function indicators: creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR); Coagulation tests: D-dimer, prothrombin time, and prothrombin index on admission to the hospital.
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Bercovier, Herve, and Paul Frelier. Pathogenic Streptococcus in Tilapia: Rapid Diagnosis, Epidemiology and Pathophysiology. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568776.bard.

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Within the project "Pathogenic Streptococcus in Tilapia", gram positive cocci pathogens of fish in Israel and in the United States were characterized. We showed that Streptococcus shiloi, the name for an agent causing septicemic infection in fish, is a junior synonym of Streptococcus iniae and that Enterococcus seriolicida is a junior synonym of Lactococcus garvieae, a causative agent of septicemia and meningo-encephalitis in fish. Molecular epidemiology studies on these two pathogens, based on 16S rDNA sequences and ribotyping showed that although each country had specific clones, S. iniae originated probably from the U.S. and L. garvieae from Japan. PCR assays were developed for both pathogens and applied to clinical samples. S. agalactiael S. difficile was also recognized for the first time in the U.S. in tilapia. Our histopathological studies explained the noted paradox (abundant in vitro growth often accompanied by scant to small numbers of organisms within the meninges in histologic sections of brain) in diagnostic of fish streptococcus. The greatest concentration of cocci were consistently observed within macrophages infiltrating the extrameningeal fibroadipose tissue surrounding the brain within the calvarium. These results also suggests that the primary route of meningeal infection may be extension from the extrameningeal connective tissue rather than meningeal vascular emigration of cocci-containing macrophages. Our work has resulted in a cognizance of streptococcus as fish pathogen which goes beyond the pathology observed in tilapia and is already extended to many aquaculture fish species in Israel and in the United States. Finally, our data suggest that vaccines (bivalent or trivalent) could be developed to prevent most of the damages caused by streptococcus in aquaculture.
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Hansen, Peter J., and Zvi Roth. Use of Oocyte and Embryo Survival Factors to Enhance Fertility of Heat-stressed Dairy Cattle. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697105.bard.

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The overall goal was to identify survival factors that can improve pregnancy success following insemination or embryo transfer in lactating dairy cows exposed to heat stress. First, we demonstrated that oocytes are actually damaged by elevated temperature in the summer. Then we tested two thermoprotective molecules for their effect on oocyte damage caused by heat shock. One molecule, ceramide was not thermoprptective. Another, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF) reduced the effects of heat shock on oocyte apoptosis and oocyte cleavage when added during maturation. We also used lactating cows exposed to heat stress to determine whether bovine somatotropin (bST), which increases IGF1 levels in vivo, would improve fertility in summer. Cows treated with bST received a single injection at 3 days before insemination. Controls received no additional treatment. Treatment with bST did not significantly increase the proportion of inseminated cows diagnosed pregnant although it was numerically greater for the bST group (24.2% vs 17.8%, 124–132 cows per group). There was a tendency (p =0.10) for a smaller percent of control cows to have high plasma progesterone concentrations (≥ 1 ng/ml) at Day 7 after insemination than for bST-treated cows (72.6 vs 81.1%). When only cows that were successfully synchronized were considered, the magnitude of the absolute difference in the percentage of inseminated cows that were diagnosed pregnant between bST and control cows was reduced (24.8 vs 22.4% pregnant for bST and control). Results failed to indicate a beneficial effect of bST treatment on fertility of lactating dairy cows. In another experiment, we found a tendency for addition of IGF1 to embryo culture medium to improve embryonic survival after embryo transfer when the experiment was done during heat stress but not when the experiment was done in the absence of heat stress. Another molecule tested, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; also called colony-stimulating factor-2), improved embryonic survival in the absence of heat stress. We also examined whether heat shock affects the sperm cell. There was no effect of heat shock on sperm apoptosis (programmed cell death) or on sperm fertilizing ability. Therefore, effects of heat shock on sperm function after ejaculation if minimal. However, there were seasonal changes in sperm characteristics that indicates that some of the decrease in dairy cow fertility during the summer in Israel is due to using semen of inferior quality. Semen was collected from five representative bulls throughout the summer (August and September) and winter (December and January). There were seasonal differences in ion concentration in seminal plasma and in the mRNA for various ion channels known to be involved in acrosome reactions. Furthermore, the proportion of sperm cells with damaged acrosomes was higher in post-thaw semen collected in the summer than in its counterpart collected in winter (54.2 ± 3.5% vs. 51.4 ± 1.9%, respectively; P < 0.08Further examination is required to determine whether such alterations are involved in the low summer fertility of dairy cows.
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Song, Yaowen, Shuiyu Lin, Jun Chen, Silu Ding, and Jun Dang. First-line treatment with TKI plus brain radiotherapy vs TKI alone in EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0013.

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Review question / Objective: It remains uncertain whether first-line treatment with upfront brain radiotherapy (RT) in combination with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is superior to EGFR-TKIs alone in EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer with newly diagnosed brain metastases (BMs). We performed a meta-analysis to address this issue. Condition being studied: Brain radiotherapy (RT) has been shown to damage the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and improve the concentration of EGFR-TKIs in the CSF. Additionally, RT can result in a reduction of EGFR-TKIs resistance. Therefore, EGFR-TKIs in combination with brain RT should be more effective than EGFR-TKIs alone theoretically. However, results from retrospective studies are inconsistent. There is the possibility that patients characteristics or brain RT technique affect the efficacy of treatments. To date, there is still no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the two treatment strategies.
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Needham, Glenn R., Uri Gerson, Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffman, D. Samatero, J. Yoder, and William Bruce. Integrated Management of Tracheal Mite, Acarapis woodi, and of Varroa Mite, Varroa jacobsoni, Major Pests of Honey Bees. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573068.bard.

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Objectives: The Israeli work plan regarding HBTM included: (a) producing a better diagnostic method; (b) following infestations during the season and evaluating damage to resistant bees and, (c) controlling HBTM by conventional means under local conditions. For varroa our plans to try novel control (e.g. oil novel control (e.g. oil patties & essential oils) were initially delayed by very low pest populations, then disrupted by the emergence of fluvalinate resistance. We monitored the spread of resistance to understand it better, and analyzed an underlying biochemical resistance mechanism in varroa. The US work plan focused on novel management methods for both mites with an emphasis on reducing use of traditional insecticides due to resistance and contamination issues. Objectives were: (a) evaluating plant essential oils for varroa control; (b) exploring the vulnerability of varroa to desiccation for their management; and (c) looking for biological variation in HBTM that could explain virulence variability between colonies. Although the initial PI at the USDA Beltsville Bee Lab, W.A. Bruce, retired during the project we made significant strides especially on varroa water balance. Subcontracts were performed by Yoder (Illinois College) on varroa water balance and DeGrandi-Hoffman (USDA) who evaluated plant essential oils for their potential to control varroa. We devised an IPM strategy for mite control i the U.S. Background: Mites that parasitize honey bees are a global problem. They are threatening the survival of managed and feral bees, the well-being of commercial/hobby beekeeping, and due to pollination, the future of some agricultural commodities is threatened. Specific economic consequences of these mites are that: (a) apiculture/breeder business are failing; (b) fewer colonies exist; (c) demand and cost for hive leasing are growing; (d) incidences of bee pathogens are increasing; and, (e) there are ore problems with commercial-reared bees. As a reflection of the continued significance f bee mites, a mite book is now in press (Webster & delaplane, 2000); and the 2nd International Conference on Africanized Honey Bees and Bee Mites is scheduled (April, 2000, Arizona). The first such conference was at OSU (1987, GRN was co-organizer). The major challenge is controlling two very different mites within a colony while not adversely impacting the hive. Colony management practices vary, as do the laws dictating acaricide use. Our basic postulates were that: (a) both mites are of economic importance with moderate to high infestations but not at low rates and, (b) once established they will not be eradicated. A novel strategy was devised that deals with the pests concomitantly by maintaining populations at low levels, without unnecessary recourse to synthetic acaricides. Major Conclusions, Solutions, Achievements: A major recent revelation is that there are several species of "Varroa jacobsoni" (Anderson & Trueman 1999). Work on control, resistance, population dynamics, and virulence awaits knowing whether this is a problem. In the U.S. there was no difference between varroa from three locales in terms of water balance parameters (AZ, MN & PA), which bodes well for our work to date. Winter varroa (U.S.) were more prone to desiccation than during other seasons. Varroa sensitivity to desiccation has important implications for improving IPM. Several botanicals showed some promise for varroa control (thymol & origanum). Unfortunately there is varroa resistance to Apistan in Israel but a resistance mechanism was detected for the first time. The Israel team also has a new method for HBTM diagnosis. Annual tracheal mite population trends in Israel were characterized, which will help in targeting treatment. Effects of HBTM on honey yields were shown. HBTM control by Amitraz was demonstrated for at least 6 months. Showing partial resistance by Buckfast bees to HBTM will be an important IPM tactic in Israel and U.S.
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