Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dam regulation

Academic literature on the topic 'Dam regulation'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Dam regulation"

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Robbins-Manke, Jennifer L., Zoran Z. Zdraveski, Martin Marinus, and John M. Essigmann. "Analysis of Global Gene Expression and Double-Strand-Break Formation in DNA Adenine Methyltransferase- and Mismatch Repair-Deficient Escherichia coli." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 20 (October 15, 2005): 7027–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.20.7027-7037.2005.

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ABSTRACT DNA adenine methylation by DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) in Escherichia coli plays an important role in processes such as DNA replication initiation, gene expression regulation, and mismatch repair. In addition, E. coli strains deficient in Dam are hypersensitive to DNA-damaging agents. We used genome microarrays to compare the transcriptional profiles of E. coli strains deficient in Dam and mismatch repair (dam, dam mutS, and mutS mutants). Our results show that >200 genes are expressed at a higher level in the dam strain, while an additional mutation in mutS suppresses the induction of many of the same genes. We also show by microarray and semiquantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR that both dam and dam mutS strains show derepression of LexA-regulated SOS genes as well as the up-regulation of other non-SOS genes involved in DNA repair. To correlate the level of SOS induction and the up-regulation of genes involved in recombinational repair with the level of DNA damage, we used neutral single-cell electrophoresis to determine the number of double-strand breaks per cell in each of the strains. We find that dam mutant E. coli strains have a significantly higher level of double-strand breaks than the other strains. We also observe a broad range in the number of double-strand breaks in dam mutant cells, with a minority of cells showing as many as 10 or more double-strand breaks. We propose that the up-regulation of recombinational repair in dam mutants allows for the efficient repair of double-strand breaks whose formation is dependent on functional mismatch repair.
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Camacho, Eva M., Ana Serna, Cristina Madrid, Silvia Marqués, Raúl Fernández, Fernando de la Cruz, Antonio Juárez, and Josep Casadesús. "Regulation of finP Transcription by DNA Adenine Methylation in the Virulence Plasmid of Salmonella enterica." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 16 (August 15, 2005): 5691–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.16.5691-5699.2005.

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ABSTRACT DNA adenine methylase (Dam−) mutants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium contain reduced levels of FinP RNA encoded on the virulence plasmid. Dam methylation appears to regulate finP transcription, rather than FinP RNA stability or turnover. The finP promoter includes canonical −10 and −35 modules and depends on the σ70 factor. Regulation of finP transcription by Dam methylation does not require DNA sequences upstream from the −35 module, indicating that Dam acts at the promoter itself or downstream. Unexpectedly, a GATC site overlapping with the −10 module is likewise dispensable for Dam-mediated regulation. These observations indicate that Dam methylation regulates finP transcription indirectly and suggest the involvement of a host factor(s) responsive to the Dam methylation state of the cell. We provide evidence that one such factor is the nucleoid protein H-NS, which acts as a repressor of finP transcription in a Dam− background. H-NS also restrains transcription of the overlapping traJ gene, albeit in a Dam-independent fashion. Hence, the decreased FinP RNA content found in Dam− hosts of S. enterica appears to result from H-NS-mediated repression of finP transcription.
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Fälker, Stefan, M. Alexander Schmidt, and Gerhard Heusipp. "DNA methylation in Yersinia enterocolitica: role of the DNA adenine methyltransferase in mismatch repair and regulation of virulence factors." Microbiology 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 2291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27946-0.

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DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) plays an important role in physiological processes of Gram-negative bacteria such as mismatch repair and replication. In addition, Dam regulates the expression of virulence genes in various species. The authors cloned the dam gene of Yersinia enterocolitica and showed that Dam is essential for viability. Dam overproduction in Y. enterocolitica resulted in an increased frequency of spontaneous mutation and decreased resistance to 2-aminopurine; however, these effects were only marginal compared to the effect of overproduction of Escherichia coli-derived Dam in Y. enterocolitica, implying different roles or activities of Dam in mismatch repair of the two species. These differences in Dam function are not the cause for the essentiality of Dam in Y. enterocolitica, as Dam of E. coli can complement a dam defect in Y. enterocolitica. Instead, Dam seems to interfere with expression of essential genes. Furthermore, Dam mediates virulence of Y. enterocolitica. Dam overproduction results in increased tissue culture invasion of Y. enterocolitica, while the expression of specifically in vivo-expressed genes is not altered.
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Rödel, R., and T. Hoffmann. "Quantifying the efficiency of river regulation." Advances in Geosciences 5 (December 16, 2005): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-5-75-2005.

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Abstract. Dam-affected hydrologic time series give rise to uncertainties when they are used for calibrating large-scale hydrologic models or for analysing runoff records. It is therefore necessary to identify and to quantify the impact of impoundments on runoff time series. Two different approaches were employed. The first, classic approach compares the volume of the dams that are located upstream from a station with the annual discharge. The catchment areas of the stations are calculated and then related to geo-referenced dam attributes. The paper introduces a data set of geo-referenced dams linked with 677 gauging stations in Europe. Second, the intensity of the impoundment impact on runoff times series can be quantified more exactly and directly when long-term runoff records are available. Dams cause a change in the variability of flow regimes. This effect can be measured using the model of linear single storage. The dam-caused storage change ΔS can be assessed through the volume of the emptying process between two flow regimes. As an example, the storage change ΔS is calculated for regulated long-term series of the Luleälven in northern Sweden.
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Jakomin, Marcello, Daniela Chessa, Andreas J. Bäumler, and Josep Casadesús. "Regulation of the Salmonella enterica std Fimbrial Operon by DNA Adenine Methylation, SeqA, and HdfR." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 22 (September 19, 2008): 7406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01136-08.

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ABSTRACT DNA adenine methylase (dam) mutants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium grown under laboratory conditions express the std fimbrial operon, which is tightly repressed in the wild type. Here, we show that uncontrolled production of Std fimbriae in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium dam mutants contributes to attenuation in mice, as indicated by the observation that an stdA dam strain is more competitive than a dam strain upon oral infection. Dam methylation appears to regulate std transcription, rather than std mRNA stability or turnover. A genetic screen for std regulators showed that the GATC-binding protein SeqA directly or indirectly represses std expression, while the poorly characterized yifA gene product serves as an std activator. YifA encodes a putative LysR-like protein and has been renamed HdfR, like its Escherichia coli homolog. Activation of std expression by HdfR is observed only in dam and seqA backgrounds. These data suggest that HdfR directly or indirectly activates std transcription. Since SeqA is unable to bind nonmethylated DNA, it is possible that std operon derepression in dam and seqA mutants may result from unconstrained HdfR-mediated activation of std transcription. Derepression of std in dam and seqA mutants of S. enterica occurs in only a fraction of the bacterial population, suggesting the occurrence of either bistable expression or phase variation.
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Mei, Xuefei, Zhijun Dai, Wen Wei, and Jinjuan Gao. "Dams induced stage–discharge relationship variations in the upper Yangtze River basin." Hydrology Research 47, no. 1 (June 6, 2015): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.010.

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Although stage–discharge relationships are crucial for discharge estimations and hydrological analyses, few efforts have been taken to assess their temporal alterations in the context of dam regulation. Here, the upper Yangtze River basin serves as an example to demonstrate the influence of hydraulic structures on stage–discharge relationships evolution. Daily records of water level and river discharge from 1950 to 2013 at Yichang hydrometric station were grouped and analyzed. Back-propagation artificial neural network was used to model the stage–discharge relationships. The obtained curves revealed substantial shifts since the Gezhouba Dam (GD) and Three Gorges Dam (TGD) were put into practice sequentially. In low flow scenarios, the decline of water levels due to GD and TGD regulation were variable with river discharge, whereas in normal flow scenarios, the rating curves indicate equilibrium state with almost the same slopes regardless of GD and TGD influence. In high flow scenarios, the rating curves representing natural condition, GD, and TGD regulation intersect with each other. Moreover, the detected changes in stage–discharge relationship were mainly in response to dam regulation, channel erosion and sand exploitation, while irrelevant to precipitation variability. The contribution of sand mining, GD regulation, and TGD regulation on rating curve variations at Yichang station were 36%, 11%, and 53%, respectively.
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Fälker, Stefan, M. Alexander Schmidt, and Gerhard Heusipp. "Altered Ca2+ Regulation of Yop Secretion in Yersinia enterocolitica after DNA Adenine Methyltransferase Overproduction Is Mediated by Clp-Dependent Degradation of LcrG." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 20 (October 1, 2006): 7072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00583-06.

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ABSTRACT DNA methylation by the DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) interferes with the coordinated expression of virulence functions in an increasing number of pathogens. While analyzing the effect of Dam on the virulence of the human pathogen Yersinia enterocolitica, we observed type III secretion of Yop effector proteins under nonpermissive conditions. Dam alters the Ca2+ regulation of Yop secretion but does not affect the temperature regulation of Yop/Ysc expression. The phenotype is different from that of classical “Ca2+-blind” mutants of Yersinia, as Dam-overproducing (DamOP) strains still translocate Yops polarly into eukaryotic cells. Although transcription of the lcrGV and yopN-tyeA operons is slightly upregulated, LcrG is absent from lysates of DamOP bacteria, while the amounts of YopN and TyeA are not changed. We present evidence that clpXP expression increases after Dam overproduction and that the ClpP protease then degrades LcrG, thereby releasing a block in type III secretion. This is the first example of posttranslational regulation of type III secretion by the Clp protease and adds a new flavor to the complex regulatory mechanisms underlying the controlled release of effector proteins from bacterial cells.
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Degtyarev, G. V., and D. A. Dats’o. "The seasonal regulation basin dam basis deformation forecast." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 698 (December 18, 2019): 022013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/698/2/022013.

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Mitina, Natalia, Maxim Vashchenko, and Elena Shumakova. "Modern problems of state regulation of operation of a large hydroelectric plants dams area." E3S Web of Conferences 163 (2020): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016303011.

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The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the risk of accidents at the dam areas of a large power plant (HPP) and the surrounding area over time, and the need to take these risks into account during their operation. The purpose of the research is to introduce the concept of a dam area as an object of state regulation, to reveal the ways of development and legislative solution of the problem of safe operation of hydroelectric power plants and dam territories at the Federal level, and to develop recommendations for their state regulation. The paper shows the necessity and expediency of zoning the dam territory according to the degree of dynamic impact of the HPP on it in order to optimize the administrative and economic consequences of the operation of these objects.
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Martin, Patricia, Li Sun, Derek W. Hood, and E. Richard Moxon. "Involvement of genes of genome maintenance in the regulation of phase variation frequencies in Neisseria meningitidis." Microbiology 150, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 3001–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27182-0.

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In Neisseria meningitidis, the reversible expression of surface antigens, i.e. phase variation, results from changes within repeated simple sequence motifs located in coding or promoter regions of the genes involved in their biosynthesis. The mutation rates of these simple sequences, which have a major influence on the generation of phenotypic diversity, can affect the fitness of the population. The aim of the present study was to investigate the involvement of genetic factors involved (mutS and dam) and not yet analysed (drg and dinB) in the regulation of phase variation frequencies of genes associated with a variety of repeat tracts. The frequency of frameshifts occurring in the polycytidine (polyC) tracts associated with siaD, spr and lgtG and in the tetranucleotide (TAAA) repeat tract associated with nadA was determined by colony immunoblotting or using the lacZ gene as a reporter. Inactivation of mutS increased the frequency of phase variation of genes presenting homopolymeric tracts of diverse length. Overexpression of dinB enhanced the instability of the homopolymeric tract associated with siaD. Investigation of the dam locus in a population of genetically distinct N. meningitidis strains revealed that 27 % of strains associated with invasive disease contained the dam gene. In all strains where a Dam function was absent, the drg gene had been inserted into the dam locus. Disruption of dam and drg in strains representative of each genotype, i.e. dam +/drg and dam/drg +, did not modify phase variation frequencies. In contrast to the effects of certain genes on homopolymeric tracts, none of the genetic factors investigated affected the stability of tetranucleotide repeat tracts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dam regulation"

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Reidy, Liermann Catherine. "Ecohydrologic impacts of dams : A global assessment." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1394.

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DE, CICCO MARCO. "Effects of a small headwater dam on macroinvertebrate communities and environmental variables in a Mediterranean stream." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/449.

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Macroinvertebrate communities were investigated over 1-yr period at three reference sites and at six impacted sites located upstream and downstream of a small dam located in the Simbrivio Stream (Tiber basin, Central Italy). Data on physicochemical, hydro-morphological and trophic variables were collected to assess possible dam effects on taxonomic composition, density, diversity and trophic structure of macroinvertebrate communities. Major changes in environmental variables occurred within the first three sites below the dam (distance<1km): alteration of flow regime (characterized by a constant, residual flow and, in rainy period, by short-term fluctuations), increase of epilithic biomass and, during spring period, decrease of the coarse and fine particulate organic matter associated with benthic samples. Water temperature, conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen and nutrient concentrations (ammonium and soluble reactive phosphorus) were not affected by river regulation. The effect of the Simbrivio Dam on assemblages of macroinvertebrate communities was noticeable in the spring sampling, where the qualitative composition of benthic fauna below the dam differed from that above it. In this period, the dam produced an alteration of the taxonomic composition and a reduction of taxa richness of downstream sites, particularly in relation to stoneflies, caddisflies and mayflies (EPT taxa). Many taxa of stream insects disappeared at short or long-distance from the dam. Nevertheless, a few of these taxa (as Epeorus assimilis, Isoperla saccai, Rhithrogena gr. hybrida) were collected below the dam in the autumn sampling. Thus, the prevailing conditions of constant flow might favour the presence of these taxa but the sudden rises in river flow due to short-term fluctuations (in winter and spring) had a harmful interference on life cycles of some specific taxa. In this period, macroinvertebrate communities of boulders were the most affected by river regulation. On the contrary, in autumn, the results showed an increase of total and EPT taxa of downstream communities. The effect of the Simbrivio Dam on trophic structure of macroinvertebrate communities was evident on scrapers and collector filterers in spring period, and on shredders in autumn period. The analysis of environmental variables patterns along the watercourse suggested that the principal factors affecting the macroinvertebrate communities at downstream sites were alteration of hydrological conditions, epilithic development and heterogeneity and stability of substrata. In the present study, total densities and diversity indices are probably not the most appropriate macroinvertebrate community metrics for assessing the effects of stream regulation caused by a small dam. Taxonomic composition gives a better interpretation of the alteration of the biota. Finally, Plecoptera and Ephemeroptera Heptageniidae seem to be the most affected taxa to river regulation
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Li, Guanjun [Verfasser], Wilhelm [Gutachter] Boland, and Nicole van [Gutachter] Dam. "Gene regulation in plant herbivory defense : deffect of insect mechanical wounding and chemical oral secretion factors / Guanjun Li ; Gutachter: Wilhelm Boland, Nicole van Dam." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1177597373/34.

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Wolfbrandt, Jeanette. "Beteende hos lekvandrande lax i Klarälven – utvärdering av en fiskfälla." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34571.

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During the migration season in 2013 a study on spawning migrating salmon and the effect of water flow on the behavior was conducted of the salmon at the Forshaga hydropower station in the River Klarälven. The River Klarälven with its nine hydropower plants on the Swedish side, constituting migration obstacles for the migrating salmon. Fortum Generation AB has together with the County Administrative Board restored a salmon trap at the lowermost hydropower station in Forshaga, aiming at making it possible for the salmon to swim into the trap, and thereafter be transported by truck past the power plants and then continue their journey to the spawning grounds on their own. Unfortunately, it is believed that the trap does not work as well as it should. In this study, I focused on salmon position in relation to water flow and if the number of salmon that swam into the fish trap differed between salmon with previous experience of the trap (experienced) and salmon without experience (unexperienced). My results showed that there were significantly more inexperienced salmon that entered the trap than experienced salmon. The salmon, regardless of experience, chose a position where the flow was highest. To increase catches of salmon in the fish trap I suggest that one use more attraction water and keep the trap open more hours. My results should be of interest to managers as the trap efficiency has never been evaluated, and no earlier studies about the effect of salmon experience on trap efficiency exist.
Vandringssäsongen 2013 genomfördes en studie på lekvandrande lax och hur vattenflödet påverkade laxens beteende vid Forshaga kraftstation i Klarälven. Klarälven med dess 9 vattenkraftverk på den svenska sidan utgör vandringshinder för den lekvandrande laxen. Fortum har tillsammans med Länsstyrelsen renoverat en laxfälla i det mest nedströms liggande kraftverket i Forshaga. Syftet med fällan är att laxen ska simma in i fällan till en uppsamlingsbassäng och därefter köras med lastbil förbi kraftverken, för att därefter fortsätta vandringen på egen hand. Fiskfällans effektivitet är ifrågasatt och man vet inte hur effektiv den är. I denna studie fokuserade jag på laxens ståndplats i relation till varifrån det huvudsakliga flödet kom, samt om antalet laxar som simmar in i fiskfällan skiljde sig mellan lax med tidigare erfarenhet av fällan (erfaren) och lax utan erfarenhet av fällan (oerfaren). Mina resultat visade att det var signifikant fler oerfarna laxar än erfarna laxar som simmade in i fällan. Laxen, oavsett erfarenhet, valde ståndplats där flödet var som högst. För att öka fångsterna av lax i fiskfällan skulle mer lockvatten och fler timmar då fällan är öppen kunna bidra med mer fångst. Denna studie borde vara av intresse för inblandade aktörer i laxens förvaltning eftersom fällans effektivitet aldrig utvärderats tidigare, och dessutom har man inte studerat om tidigare erfarenhet av en fälla påverkar laxen.
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Rose, Teresa, and n/a. "AN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY INTO THE IMPACTS OF FLOW REGULATION ON AN UPLAND GRAVEL BED RIVERINE ENVIRONMENT: A TRIBUTARY CONFLUENCE IN THE SNOWY RIVER DOWNSTREAM OF JINDABYNE DAM, AUSTRALIA." University of Canberra. Cooperative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20080917.153237.

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Inter-Basin-Water Transfers significantly reduce flow and sediment regimes to the downstream ecosystem effecting differential channel adjustment at various locations. It is not known how macroinvertebrates adjust to flow regulation, either spatially or temporally, because research is lacking into how morphological adjustment affects benthic habitat. Feedback mechanisms that initiate the adjustment process must first be identified, then the effect on benthic habitat becomes apparent, thus, providing a link to macroinvertebrate response. Since regulation there has been a 95% reduction in flow volume, a complete downward shift in both the flow duration and flood frequency curves and a 194% increase in flow constancy compared to the pre- dam period. Furthermore, Jindabyne Dam traps 99.9% of the total incoming sediment load. Upstream of the tributary the dominant river response was accommodation adjustment with subsequent contraction of the river channel. Associated feedback mechanisms were ?armouring? and vegetation encroachment. Downstream of the tributary response was more complex, with channel contraction through aggradation and specifically the formation of a tributary mouth bar and fan, mid channel lobate bar, transverse bar and in-channel bench. Associated feedback mechanisms were interactions between vegetation and sediment; channel morphology, flow and sediment distribution; and sediment distribution, flow and channel morphology. These processes have had site specific and reach scale impacts on benthic habitat. Macroinvertebrate response to flow regulation was habitat specific (riffle or edge) and seemed to correspond to either site, or reach scale morphological adjustment, whereas, flow constancy seemed to affect edge macroinvertebrates throughout both reaches. Spatially, macroinvertebrates have not adjusted to the post- dam flow regime and temporally, macroinvertebrates have not recovered 30 years after the closure of Jindabyne Dam. How physical processes change habitats and how these impact on a river?s ecology and at what scale, are important considerations in river management.
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Casado, Ana. "Human impacts and fluvial metamorphosis : the effects of flow regulation on the hydrology, morphology and water temperature of the Sauce Grande River, Argentina." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF20013/document.

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Cette recherche évalue le degré de régulation hydrologique induite par le barrage-réservoir Paso de las Piedras sur la Sauce Grande et quantifie les effets de cette régulation sur la hydrologie, la morphologie et la température de l'eau de la rivière en aval. Le travail de thèse consiste en une évaluation exhaustive et systématique des impacts du barrage-réservoir sur le système fluvial basée sur la compréhension des processus naturels qui se produisent en amont. En plus de fournir des informations sur les impacts hydrologiques, morphologiques et thermiques de la construction du barrage Paso de las Piedras et de l'exploitation de son réservoir, cette étude génère des séries de données climatiques et hydrologiques qui fournissent une base significative sur laquelle fonder des recherches futures. Par ailleurs, cette étude met en place un cadre méthodologique appliqué à l'analyse hydrogéomorphologique des bassins versants non jaugés qui a un grand potentiel d'application dans d'autres bassins de la région similaires ainsi que dans d'autres régions semi-arides du monde
Despite the regional importance of the Sauce Grande River as main source for water supply and the large capacity of the Paso de las Piedras Reservoir, both the hydrology of the river basin and the effects of the impoundment on the river environment remain poorly evaluated. This study provides the very first assessment of the degree of flow regulation induced by the Paso de las Piedras Dam on the middle section of the Sauce Grande River, and quantifies its impacts on the hydrology, morphology and patterns of water temperature of the river downstream from the impoundment. In addition to providing new information on the response of regulated rivers to upstream impoundment and on the effects of impoundment on the Sauce Grande River specifically, this study generates spatial, climatic and hydrologic data and implements a methodological framework to hydrological assessment of ungauged basins
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SALERNO, LUCA. "Ecomorphodynamic carbon pumping of world¿s large tropical rivers." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11583/2975700.

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Piemonte, Ribeiro Renato. "Regulation des Kaliumtransportes durch das Zellvolumen." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961440864.

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Čupová, Martina. "Economy Implications of Regulation." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359228.

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This thesis analyzes the implications of regulation on the transformation to a Digital Economy. A gap analysis shows that Czech Republic is significantly lagging behind in terms of connectivity, which is an essential precondition for a transformation to a digital age. The regulator promotes the entry of the new player as a solution for this situation. However, a simulation based on Herfindahl Hirschman Index does not support this view. This outcome is further supported by the results of correlation between market competitiveness and network advancement, which does not suggest any relationship. These findings are in line with empirical evidence from EU markets, which prove that a three-operator market is efficient and delivers attractive competitive services to the customers and society. The root cause of this situation lies in the current telecommunications regulation, which failed to create a sustainable digital ecosystem for the transition to a digital economy. This paper concludes, that regulatory framework needs to be redefined to address new challenges ahead. The regulatory priority should be shifted from service focus to encouraging long-term connectivity investments, differentiation, and competition.
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Clasen, Ronald. "Regulation von Adiponektin durch das Renin-Angiotensin-System." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2005/185/index.html.

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Books on the topic "Dam regulation"

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Alberta. Dam Safety and Water Projects Branch. Water Act Water (Ministerial) regulation part 6: Dam and canal safety : guidelines. Edmonton, Alta: Dam Safety and Water Projects Branch, Alberta Environmental Protection, 1999.

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Major, Jon J. Geomorphic response of the Sandy River, Oregon, to removal of Marmot Dam. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012.

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), Northwest Power Planning Council (U S. Background paper, proposed Hungry Horse Dam resident fish amendments. Portland, Or: The Council, 1991.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Establishing a federally declared floodway for the Colorado River below Davis Dam: Report (to accompany H.R. 1246) (including the cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Inc, TetrES Consultants. Environmental impact assessment issues, scoping report for Canada-Manitoba Shellmouth Dam Consolidation Agreement upgrading of Shellmouth Dam: Final report to Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and Manitoba Water Stewardship. Manitoba]: TetrES Consultants Inc., 2004.

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Da ba an quan jian ce li lun yu ying yong. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo shui li shui dian chu ban she, 2010.

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Razvan, Ernest. River intakes and diversion dams. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1989.

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Da ba an quan jian ce yu jian kong: Dam safety monitoring and controlling. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo shui li shui dian chu ban she, 2004.

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Menozzi, Marie-Jo, Marc Rapilliard, and Nathalie Couilloud. L'estuaire de la Vilaine. Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2011.

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Zhou, Zhuohuai. Song dai he huan tan yuan. Xianggang Jiulong: Ben liu chu ban she, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dam regulation"

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Hensengerth, Oliver. "Hydropower Planning in Informal Institutional Settings: Chinese Institutions and the Failure of Environmental and Social Regulation in Cambodia." In Evolution of Dam Policies, 273–306. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23403-3_9.

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Wan, Zhiyong, Yun Li, Jianfeng An, Xiaogang Wang, and Xiujun Yan. "Analysis of Water Level Fluctuations in Bifurcating Approach Channels Under the Flow Regulation of Reservoirs." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1447–59. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_128.

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AbstractAn approach channel is a restricted channel connecting the lock head with the upstream and downstream navigation waterway, characterized by a narrow navigation channel with a closed-end, small coefficient of cross-section, and low speed for vessel navigating. Due to the uncertain impact of the waves induced by the flow regulation of reservoirs on water-level fluctuations in bifurcating approach channels, the river reach between the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) and the Gezhouba Dam (GZD) is selected as the study area and the variations of water-level fluctuating amplitude in the approach channel located on the left bank downstream of the TGD are revealed under the joint regulation of the Three Gorges and Gezhouba reservoirs based on numerical simulations. Furthermore, the relationship between water level variation at the lower lock head of the ship lift and the flow regulation of reservoirs is investigated in detail. Results indicated that water level variation of the ship lift approach channel exhibits an amplifying effect and the lower lock head of the ship lift is a key concern for navigable flow conditions. In addition, the flow variation rate should be controlled within the range of 2,000 m3/15 min in the context of joint regulation of two reservoirs, which enables the safe docking of vessels at the lower lock head of the ship lift. The findings in this study may contribute to the designing and planning of the newly-planned Three Gorges ship lock approach.
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Nakamura, Futoshi. "Riparian Forests and Climate Change: Interactive Zone of Green and Blue Infrastructure." In Ecological Research Monographs, 73–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6791-6_6.

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AbstractRiparian forests are recognized as green/blue infrastructure that provides various ecosystem services, including water transport, shade from sunlight energy, supply of leaf litter, input of terrestrial insect, delivery of large wood, maintenance of water quality, and corridors for wildlife. However, these forests have already experienced negative impacts from various anthropogenic stressors, such as forest cutting, agricultural development, river regulation, and dam construction. Moreover, the climate projections for the twenty-first century in Japan indicate that mean precipitation may increase by more than 10%, and other projections predict an increase in the frequency of high-magnitude floods and a reduction in the discharge of snowmelt floods. In this chapter, we describe probable changes in the structure and function of riparian forests that might result and describe adaption strategies to reduce the potential impacts of climate change on stream and riparian ecosystems exacerbated by anthropogenic stressors.
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Yi, Shaolin, Shaogan Sun, Guofang Huang, Dean Wu, and Weiyi Qu. "Study on the Design of Ecological Green Corridor Project for Comprehensive River Treatment in Luliang County, Yunnan Province." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1285–301. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_112.

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AbstractLuliang County is located in the east of Yunnan Province, knew as the “Pearl of eastern Yunnan”. It is located in the upper reaches of the Nanpan River and is under the jurisdiction of Qujing City. In the modern era, higher requirements are made for the development of Luliang County. In order to improve the river flood control system, control the domestic pollution along the river, repair the damaged water ecosystem, create a waterfront landscape belt, and create basic conditions for the construction of “the most beautiful dam area”, Luliang water authority has given priority to the comprehensive river regulation project of Luliang County, Qujing City, according to the principle of first trial and highlighting key points. According to the current conditions of the Laopanjiang River and the Yanfang River, based on the principles of safety, integrity, ecology, protection, context and hydrophilicity, taking the construction of “Luliang water town and the most beautiful dam area” as the overall concept, the rich water network is used to connect the five prominent natural resources of “mountain, water, forest, field and village”, highlighting the local folk culture, water conservancy development history Cuan culture has three cultural characteristics. Coordinate the development of surrounding land, and activate the popularity of the site, promote local economic development, create a land of fish and rice with common prosperity of people and water, and reproduce the brilliance of “East Yunnan pearl, plateau granary” through reasonable functional layout and facility layout of river center, beach, Boulder, ecological wooden pile, aquatic plants and aquatic animals.
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Southcott, P., and B. Scott. "A Review of Australian Dam Safety Regulations." In Water Resources Development and Management, 606–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1971-0_59.

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Xu, Gen-Jun, Guo-Fu Hu, Fu-Kun Zhao, and Qi-Chang Xia. "Phosphorylation and dAMP Inhibition of Snake Muscle Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase." In Enzyme Dynamics and Regulation, 55–61. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3744-0_7.

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Pfeiffer, Ulrich J. "Volumenmessung, -regulation." In Das intrathorakale Blutvolumen als hämodynamischer Leitparameter, 59–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75481-4_8.

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Kanitz, Juliane. "Dimensionen der Regulation." In Das Kopftuch als Visitenkarte, 193–220. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17415-6_7.

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Niederau, C., T. Heintges, and R. Lüthen. "Regulation der exokrinen Pankreassekretion." In Ökosystem Darm V, 62–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78733-1_6.

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Gross, V., R. Daig, G. Rogler, W. Falk, T. Andus, and J. Schölmerich. "Regulation der epithelialen Zytokinproduktion." In Ökosystem Darm VII, 173–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80327-7_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dam regulation"

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Al-Tamir, Musa’b Abdul Jabbar. "Interpretation of water quality changes in the regulation lake of mosul dam using principal component analysis method." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING & SCIENCE (IConMEAS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0000252.

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Schneider, Raymond E. "The ASME PSA Standard and Its Role in Risk Informed Regulation." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1251.

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The nuclear industry has been aggressively pursuing risk-informed regulation for the past seven years. In this pursuit, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has established a basic framework for reviewing and granting risk-informed regulations. Focused regulatory guides have been specifically prepared in the areas of Plant Technical Specifications, In-Service Testing, In Service Inspections and Graded Quality Assurance. While these regulations have not supplanted traditional deterministic regulations, they have been used to support focused changes to the plant design basis. As the industry continues to mature the use of PSA information in day to day plant operations will grow. Today, risk insights are required by federal regulation for all plant maintenance activities. In addition, the regulator reserves the right to include consideration of risk in applications where the outcome could have a significant impact on risk. Despite, the major strides made in development and use of risk information, the industry and the regulator were operating without an agreed to PSA standard. Over the past three years the ASME has formed a committee of stakeholders, both commercial and regulatory, to develop a workable standard for the development and utilization of PSA data in the nuclear industry. The ASME PSA standard has recently been issued. The current standard has been developed to support licensing applications and is focused on the development and use of the Level 1PSA and the calculation of the Large Early Release Frequency (LERF). The ASME standard is unlike most standards in that it is tiers, and includes guidance for using results when specific items in the standard are not in complete compliance with specific standard elements. The tiers included in the standard are reflective of the level of detail in the PSA elements. The ability to use PSAs with many elements acceptable only at the lowest tier will be more limited than for more sophisticated PSAs and therefore, applications may be limited in scope and would likely involved strong deterministic support as well. As PSA tiers increase the reliance of the decision on the PSA may increase. The acceptability of the PSA elements is established via peer review process. It is the intent of this panel discussion to explore the implications of the recently released ASME PSA standard, and other focused standards under development on the nuclear industry and the role of the ASME standard in the associated regulatory process. The panelists will explore expectations of the industry, needs of the regulator and challenges of the PSA peer review process.
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KONECSNY, Karoly. "" Technical Plan for The Construction of a Water Reservoir on The River Tur Before The First World War and Establishment of a Hydometry Network for Hydrological Studies."." In Air and Water – Components of the Environment 2022 Conference Proceedings. Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/awc2022_09.

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In the middle of the 19th century, comprehensive river regulation and flood control works began on the entire lowland section of the Tisza/Tisa River. Soon, a number of water development plans were made for the catchment area of one of the tributaries, the River Túr/Tur. Plans outlining several technical alternatives have been prepared for the purpose of flood drainage, inland water drainage and water utilization. The implementation of the plans took place over decades, with construction started in 1914 interrupted due to the outbreak of World War I (Túr-Tisza branch channel). Most of the water facilities in the lower Hungarian section of the Túr River were built between 1926 and 1930 according to revised plans. The flood defense embankments on the Romanian river section were built in 1956-1957 and were further developed after the catastrophic floods of 1970, with half a dozen pumping stations set up to transfer the inland waters to the receiving area. Between 1972 and 1974, the Călineşti-Oaş dam and water reservoir were built. In our paper we describe the technical plans developed by the River Engineering Office in Szatmárnémeti (Satu Mare) at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century for the regulation of the Túr river. We present the findings of the technical review of the plan and the calculations made for the water supply of the reservoir. We describe the development of the hydrometric network necessary for the foundation of hydrological calculations. When writing the paper, we used the technical documentation in the Upper Tisza Region Water Historical Collection in Nyíregyháza, which has not been published so far.
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Petrov, Nikolai, Nikolai Petrov, Inna Nikonorova, Inna Nikonorova, Vladimir Mashin, and Vladimir Mashin. "LANDSLIDE RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE KUIBYSHEV RESERVOIR DUE THE DESIGN OF HIGH-SPEED LINE "MOSCOW-KAZAN"." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9403c99983.72529271.

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High-speed railway "Moscow-Kazan" by the draft crosses the Volga (Kuibyshev reservoir) in Chuvashia region 500 m below the village of New Kushnikovo. The crossing plot is a right-bank landslide slope with a stepped surface. Its height is 80 m; the slope steepness -15-16o. The authors should assess the risk of landslides and recommend anti-landslide measures to ensure the safety of the future bridge. For this landslide factors have been analyzed, slope stability assessment has been performed and recommendations have been suggested. The role of the following factors have been analyzed: 1) hydrologic - erosion and abrasion reservoir and runoff role; 2) lithologyc (the presence of Urzhum and Northern Dvina horizons of plastically deformable rocks, displacement areas); 3) hydrogeological (the role of perched, ground and interstratal water); 4) geomorphological (presence of the elemental composition of sliding systems and their structure in the relief); 5) exogeodynamic (cycles and stages of landslide systems development, mechanisms and relationship between landslide tiers of different generations and blocks contained in tiers). As a result 6-7 computational models at each of the three engineering-geological sections were made. The stability was evaluated by the method “of the leaning slope”. It is proved that the slope is in a very stable state and requires the following measures: 1) unloading (truncation) of active heads blocks of landslide tiers) and the edge of the plateau, 2) regulation of the surface and groundwater flow, 3) concrete dam, if necessary.
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Petrov, Nikolai, Nikolai Petrov, Inna Nikonorova, Inna Nikonorova, Vladimir Mashin, and Vladimir Mashin. "LANDSLIDE RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE KUIBYSHEV RESERVOIR DUE THE DESIGN OF HIGH-SPEED LINE "MOSCOW-KAZAN"." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315fbf636.

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High-speed railway "Moscow-Kazan" by the draft crosses the Volga (Kuibyshev reservoir) in Chuvashia region 500 m below the village of New Kushnikovo. The crossing plot is a right-bank landslide slope with a stepped surface. Its height is 80 m; the slope steepness -15-16o. The authors should assess the risk of landslides and recommend anti-landslide measures to ensure the safety of the future bridge. For this landslide factors have been analyzed, slope stability assessment has been performed and recommendations have been suggested. The role of the following factors have been analyzed: 1) hydrologic - erosion and abrasion reservoir and runoff role; 2) lithologyc (the presence of Urzhum and Northern Dvina horizons of plastically deformable rocks, displacement areas); 3) hydrogeological (the role of perched, ground and interstratal water); 4) geomorphological (presence of the elemental composition of sliding systems and their structure in the relief); 5) exogeodynamic (cycles and stages of landslide systems development, mechanisms and relationship between landslide tiers of different generations and blocks contained in tiers). As a result 6-7 computational models at each of the three engineering-geological sections were made. The stability was evaluated by the method “of the leaning slope”. It is proved that the slope is in a very stable state and requires the following measures: 1) unloading (truncation) of active heads blocks of landslide tiers) and the edge of the plateau, 2) regulation of the surface and groundwater flow, 3) concrete dam, if necessary.
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Vodenicharov, Asen. "THE MANAGEMENT ORGAN IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE EUROPEAN STRUCTURES FOR BUSINESS ASSOCIATION." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.129.

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Council Regulation (EC) No 2157/2001 of 8 October 2001 on the Statute for a European company (SE) and Council Regulation (EC) No 1435/2003 of 22 July 2003 on the Statute for a European Cooperative Society (SCE), as well as other community acts, govern the legal status of the management organ with two-tier architecture of European structures for business association. In this paper, it is concluded that the management organ shall be responsible for managing the appropriate organizational and legal entities. Therefore, it can carry out day-to-day management of the organization according to the decisions of the general assembly and the supervisory authority. It is stated that assigning day-to-day operational management to the CEOs, members of the management organ, can be defined as transferring certain aspects of their power, while keeping their right of making final decisions. The collective character of the considered authority, carrying out its duties on the principle of collegiality, raises a line of questions, which are considered in this paper. Subjects of study are also the horizontal and vertical relationships of the management organ, considering the representative power, as well as the different types of responsibilities. The discussed problems are in a relatively legal aspect of the legal regulations of the Member States.
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Кокоев, М. Н. "RESERVOIRS OF DIVERSION HYDRO POWER PLANTS AND THE APPLICATION OF ALLUVIUM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS." In «АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ НАУКИ: ТЕОРИЯ, ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ И ПРАКТИКА». Международная научно-практическая онлайн-конференция, приуроченная к 60-ти летию член-корреспондента Академии наук ЧР, доктора технических наук, профессора Сайд-Альви Юсуповича Муртазаева. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34708/gstou.conf..2021.22.95.027.

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В горных реках Северного Кавказа расход воды в паводок увеличивается в десятки раз. Часто в горных условиях технически проще и дешевле построить не плотинную станцию с большим водохранилищем, а деривационную ГЭС с небольшим водохранилищем или с бассейном суточного регулирования. Горные реки несут большое количество песка и ила. Во время паводков вода переносит и мелкие камни, и гальку. Если не принимать мер для очистки от речных наносов водохранилищ, то через несколько лет полезный объем водохранилищ будет исчерпан. В статье рассматривается один из способов поддержания водохранилищ и бассейнов суточного регулирования в рабочем состоянии. Предложено речные наносы (аллювий) регулярно извлекать из водохранилищ, обрабатывать и использовать как сырье для производства строительных песчано-гравийных смесей и щебня. Есть большая потребность в этих материалах при строительстве автомобильных дорог, в промышленном и гражданском строительстве. Одновременно можно использовать тонкие фракции аллювия в виде ила, глины и тонкого песка в качестве основы для приготовления почвенного субстрата с целью применения его для улучшения пойменных земель. Обсуждаются вопросы организации при водохранилищах каскада ГЭС на горных реках механизированных участков по утилизации донных отложений. In the mountain rivers of the North Caucasus, the water discharge during a flood increases tenfold. Often, in mountainous conditions, it is technically easier and cheaper to build a derivation hydroelectric power station with a small reservoir or with a daily regulation pool than a dam station with a large reservoir. Mountain rivers carry large amounts of sand and silt. During floods, the water carries lots of small stones and pebbles. If no measures are taken to cleanse reservoirs from river sediments, their useful volume would be exhausted in a few years of operation. The article discusses one of the ways to maintain reservoirs and basins of daily regulation in working order. It is proposed that river sediments (alluvium) be regularly removed from reservoirs, processed and used as raw materials for the production of construction sand and gravel mixtures and crushed stone. The demand for these materials in the construction of highways, in industrial and civil construction is high. At the same time, it is possible to use fine fractions of alluvium in the form of silt, clay and fine sand as a basis for preparing a soil substrate to improve floodplain lands. The issues of organizing mechanized teams for utilization of bottom sediments at reservoirs of a cascade of hydroelectric power stations on mountain rivers are discussed.
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Zhan, Xin, Peng Li, and Edgar Sánchez-Sinencio. "Distributed on-chip regulation." In DAC '16: The 53rd Annual Design Automation Conference 2016. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2897937.2898008.

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Bainier, Francis, and Florian Havard. "Setting Up and Managing a PEMS Mathematical Formula to Fully Respond to the Expectations of the Regulator." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25242.

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Due to environmental regulations, Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) are important issues for gas turbine plants. Regulators are becoming more and more involved and they often require overall and real-time emission information. These measurements can easily be done with gas analyzers. This technology is called CEMS: Continuous Emissions Monitoring System. With CEMS, regulators easily understand proofs such as calibration and certificate. However, this technology is expensive to buy and to maintain. An alternative method is to use a calculation based on the turbine operation. This technology is called PEMS: Predictive Emissions Monitoring System. Although PEMS is less expensive than CEMS, setting up and managing a PEMS mathematical formula to fully respond to the expectations of the regulator is more complicated than using CEMS. This paper describes an approach to set up an equation for PEMS which can be accepted by regulators. Before starting PEMS research, expectations must be established. What are the expectations of the regulator? What are the users’ expectations? Yes, do not forget the goals of the unit operators. It is not sufficient to provide answers for regulator at the lowest cost. A responsible user is also concerned about the environmental aspect and this fact will help your in the future. GRTgaz, the main gas transmission company in France managing 44 turbines spread over 25 stations across France, has decided to answer these questions before starting research. The answers to these questions make up the first part of this 4-part paper. The second part of the paper is a review of publications and literature. Since no applicable PEMS exist for all types of combustion turbines, analyzing empirical and theoretical formulas leads to the important parameters and the link between them. The third part is dedicated to turbines. A lean premixed combustion system and its regulation are described. Also in this part, the available measured parameters are listed in regards to their combustion influence and their accuracy. The fourth part deals with the establishment of equations and their tests in regards to the goals. The last part presents the implementation of the equations on the units. If tools and knowledge are available, the conclusion point out that achieving a PEMS requires a good evaluation and understanding of the expectations of the regulator, not only in the present day but also what they will and could be.
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Paredes, Victor, and Ayonga Hereid. "Dynamic Locomotion of a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton Through Virtual Constraints Based ZMP Regulation." In ASME 2020 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2020-3170.

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Abstract Robotic lower-limb exoskeletons have the potentials to assist individuals with paraplegia to perform normal ambulatory functions and to provide exceptional health benefits. While modern-day hardware for exoskeletons is becoming more powerful, there are still significant challenges in implementing a practical exoskeleton motion control framework that helps paraplegic individuals to complete regular ambulatory tasks stably, safely, and efficiently without the use of arm-crutches. Inspired by the current development in dynamic walking controllers for a bipedal robot, this paper proposes a Hybrid Zero Dynamics (HZD) based control approach for powered lower-limb exoskeletons to achieve dynamic hand-free locomotion. Due to the unmodelled dynamics and exerted forces from the user upon the exoskeleton, the model-based approaches such as Hybrid Zero Dynamics struggles when implementing on the actual hardware. In this paper, we systematically formulate a virtual-constraints-based regulation framework in order to robustly stabilize the system around a stable periodic gait within the HZD framework. This regulator is then used to regulate the zero moment point (ZMP) to improve the lateral stability of the bipedal robot by indirectly regulating the center of mass (CoM) position of the exoskeleton due to the lack of available force sensors at the bottom of the feet. The proposed approach presents a general structure with which the virtual constraints can be heuristically regulated to satisfy the stability condition imposed by the ZMP criteria without compromising the hybrid invariance of the walking gaits. The effectiveness of the regulators was demonstrated through stable walking of a powered lower-limb exoskeleton in simulation and experimentation.
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Reports on the topic "Dam regulation"

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Cook, Chris B., and Marshall C. Richmond. Simulating the Flow Field Upstream of the Dworshak Dam Regulating Outlets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15010492.

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Schweitzer, M., and T. R. Young. State regulation and its effects on electric-utility use of DSM resources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10191439.

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Placke, Manja, and Hela Mehrtens, eds. CDRmare Data Policy. CDRmare Research Mission, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cdrmare.01.

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The corporate CDRmare Data Policy regulates the handling of data within the Research Mission CDRmare. It is based on the DAM Research Data Guidelines and the regulations mentioned in the tender of the Research Mission. This Data Policy will be implemented in each consortium of CDRmare.
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Meidan, Rina, and Robert Milvae. Regulation of Bovine Corpus Luteum Function. United States Department of Agriculture, March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604935.bard.

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The main goal of this research plan was to elucidate regulatory mechanisms controlling the development, function of the bovine corpus luteum (CL). The CL contains two different sterodigenic cell types and therefore it was necessary to obtain pure cell population. A system was developed in which granulosa and theca interna cells, isolated from a preovulatory follicle, acquired characteristics typical of large (LL) and small (SL) luteal cells, respectively, as judged by several biochemical and morphological criteria. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of granulosa cells removal on subsequent CL function, the results obtained support the concept that granulosa cells make a substaintial contribution to the output of progesterone by the cyclic CL but may have a limited role in determining the functional lifespan of the CL. This experimental model was also used to better understand the contribution of follicular granulosa cells to subsequent luteal SCC mRNA expression. The mitochondrial cytochrome side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC), which converts cholesterol to pregnenolone, is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the steroidogenic pathway. Experiments were conducted to characterize the gene expression of P450scc in bovine CL. Levels of P450scc mRNA were higher during mid-luteal phase than in either the early or late luteal phases. PGF 2a injection decreased luteal P450scc mRNA in a time-dependent manner; levels were significantly reduced by 2h after treatment. CLs obtained from heifers on day 8 of the estrous cycle which had granulosa cells removed had a 45% reduction in the levels of mRNA for SCC enzymes as well as a 78% reduction in the numbers of LL cells. To characterize SCC expression in each steroidogenic cell type we utilized pure cell populations. Upon luteinization, LL expressed 2-3 fold higher amounts of both SCC enzymes mRNAs than SL. Moreover, eight days after stimulant removal, LL retained their P4 production capacity, expressed P450scc mRNA and contained this protein. In our attempts to establish the in vitro luteinization model, we had to select the prevulatory and pre-gonadotropin surge follicles. The ratio of estradiol:P4 which is often used was unreliable since P4 levels are high in atretic follicles and also in preovulatory post-gonadotropin follicles. We have therefore examined whether oxytocin (OT) levels in follicular fluids could enhance our ability to correctly and easily define follicular status. Based on E2 and OT concentrations in follicular fluids we could more accurately identify follicles that are preovulatory and post gonadotropin surge. Next we studied OT biosynthesis in granulosa cells, cells which were incubated with forskolin contained stores of the precursor indicating that forskolin (which mimics gonadotropin action) is an effective stimulator of OT biosynthesis and release. While studying in vitro luteinization, we noticed that IGF-I induced effects were not identical to those induced by insulin despite the fact that megadoses of insulin were used. This was the first indication that the cells may secrete IGF binding protein(s) which regonize IGFs and not insulin. In a detailed study involving several techniques, we characterized the species of IGF binding proteins secreted by luteal cells. The effects of exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid on the production of P4 and prostanoids by dispersed bovine luteal cells was examined. The addition of eicosapentaenoic acid and arachidonic acid resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in basal and LH-stimulated biosynthesis of P4 and PGI2 and an increase in production of PGF 2a and 5-HETE production. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism via the production of 5-HETE was unaffected. Results of these experiments suggest that the inhibitory effect of arachidonic acid on the biosynthesis of luteal P4 is due to either a direct action of arachidonic acid, or its conversion to 5-HETE via the lipoxgenase pathway of metabolism. The detailed and important information gained by the two labs elucidated the mode of action of factors crucially important to the function of the bovine CL. The data indicate that follicular granulosa cells make a major contribution to numbers of large luteal cells, OT and basal P4 production, as well as the content of cytochrome P450 scc. Granulosa-derived large luteal cells have distinct features: when luteinized, the cell no longer possesses LH receptors, its cAMP response is diminished yet P4 synthesis is sustained. This may imply that maintenance of P4 (even in the absence of a Luteotropic signal) during critical periods such as pregnancy recognition, is dependent on the proper luteinization and function of the large luteal cell.
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Moran, Nava, Richard Crain, and Wolf-Dieter Reiter. Regulation by Light of Plant Potassium Uptake through K Channels: Biochemical, Physiological and Biophysical Study. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571356.bard.

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The swelling of plant motor cells is regulated by various signals with almost unknown mediators. One of the obligatory steps in the signaling cascade is the activation of K+-influx channels -K+ channels activated by hyperpolarization (KH channels). We thus explored the regulation of these channels in our model system, motor cell protoplasts from Samanea saman, using patch-clamp in the "whole cell" configuration. (a) The most novel finding was that the activity of KH channels in situ varied with the time of the day, in positive correlation with cell swelling: in Extensor cells KH channels were active in the earlier part of the day, while in Flexor cells only during the later part of the day; (b) High internal pH promoted the activity of these channels in Extensor cells, opposite to the behavior of the equivalent channels in guard cells, but in conformity with the predicted behavior of the putative KH channel, cloned from S. saman recently; (c) HIgh external K+ concentration increased (KH channel currents in Flexor cells. BL depolarized the Flexor cells, as detected in cell-attached patch-clamp recording, using KD channels (the K+-efflux channels) as "voltage-sensing devices". Subsequent Red-Light (RL) pulse followed by Darkness, hyperpolarized the cell. We attribute these changes to the inhibition of the H+-pump by BL and its reactivation by RL, as they were abolished by an H+-pump inhibitor. BL increased also the activity KD channels, in a voltage-independent manner - in all probability by an independent signaling pathway. Blue-Light (BL), which stimulates shrinking of Flexor cells, evoked the IP3 signaling cascade (detected directly by IP3 binding assay), known to mobilize cytosolic Ca2+. Nevertheless, cytosolic Ca2+ . did not activate the KD channel in excised, inside-out patches. In this study we established a close functional similarity of the KD channels between Flexor and Extensior cells. Thus the differences in their responses must stem from different links to signaling in both cell types.
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Duncan, Joanne P., and Thomas J. Carlson. Characterization of Fish Passage Conditions through a Francis Turbine, Spillway, and Regulating Outlet at Detroit Dam, Oregon, Using Sensor Fish, 2009. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1013934.

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7

Duncan, Joanne P. Characterization of Fish Passage Conditions through a Francis Turbine and Regulating Outlet at Cougar Dam, Oregon, Using Sensor Fish, 2009?2010. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015523.

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Pichersky, Eran, Alexander Vainstein, and Natalia Dudareva. Scent biosynthesis in petunia flowers under normal and adverse environmental conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699859.bard.

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The ability of flowering plants to prosper throughout evolution, and for many crop plants to set fruit, is strongly dependent on their ability to attract pollinators. To that end many plants synthesize a spectrum of volatile compounds in their flowers. Scent is a highly dynamic trait that is strongly influenced by the environment. However, with high temperature conditions becoming more common, the molecular interplay between this type of stress and scent biosynthesis need to be investigated. Using petunia as a model system, our project had three objectives: (1) Determine the expression patterns of genes encoding biosynthetic scent genes (BSGs) and of several genes previously identified as encoding transcription factors involved in scent regulation under normal and elevated temperature conditions. (2) Examine the function of petunia transcription factors and a heterologous transcription factor, PAPl, in regulating genes of the phenylpropanoid/benzenoid scent pathway. (3) Study the mechanism of transcriptional regulation by several petunia transcription factors and PAPl of scent genes under normal and elevated temperature conditions by examining the interactions between these transcription factors and the promoters of target genes. Our work accomplished the first two goals but was unable to complete the third goal because of lack of time and resources. Our general finding was that when plants grew at higher temperatures (28C day/22C night, vs. 22C/16C), their scent emission decreased in general, with the exception of a few volatiles such as vanillin. To understand why, we looked at gene transcription levels, and saw that generally there was a good correlation between levels of transcriptions of gene specifying enzymes for specific scent compounds and levels of emission of the corresponding scent compounds. Enzyme activity levels, however, showed little difference between plants growing at different temperature regimes. Plants expressing the heterologous gene PAPl showed general increase in scent emission in control temperature conditions but emission decreased at the higher temperature conditions, as seen for control plants. Finally, expression of several transcription factor genes decreased at high temperature, but expression of new transcription factor, EOB-V, increased, implicating it in the decrease of transcription of BSGs. The major conclusion of this work is that high temperature conditions negatively affect scent emission from plants, but that some genetic engineering approaches could ameliorate this problem.
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Meidan, Rina, and Joy Pate. Roles of Endothelin 1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-A in Determining Responsiveness of the Bovine Corpus Luteum to Prostaglandin F2a. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695854.bard.

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The corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine gland that has a vital role in the regulation of the estrous cycle, fertility and the maintenance of pregnancy. In the absence of appropriate support, such as occurs during maternal recognition of pregnancy, the CL will regress. Prostaglandin F2a (PGF) was first suggested as the physiological luteolysin in ruminants several decades ago. Yet, the cellular mechanisms by which PGF causes luteal regression remain poorly defined. In recent years it became evident that the process of luteal regression requires a close cooperation between steroidogenic, endothelial and immune cells, all resident cells of this gland. Changes in the population of these cells within the CL closely consort with the functional changes occurring during various stages of CL life span. The proposal aimed to gain a better understanding of the intra-ovarian regulation of luteolysis and focuses especially on the possible reasons causing the early CL (before day 5) to be refractory to the luteolytic actions of PGF. The specific aims of this proposal were to: determine if the refractoriness of the early CL to PGF is due to its inability to synthesize or respond to endothelin–1 (ET-1), determine the cellular localization of ET, PGF and tumor necrosis factor a (TNF a) receptors in early and mid luteal phases, determine the functional relationships among ET-1 and cytokines, and characterize the effects of PGF and ET-1 on prostaglandin production by luteal cell types. We found that in contrast to the mature CL, administration of PGF2a before day 5 of the bovine cycle failed to elevate ET-1, ETA receptors or to induce luteolysis. In fact, PGF₂ₐ prevented the upregulation of the ET-1 gene by ET-1 or TNFa in cultured luteal cells from day 4 CL. In addition, we reported that ECE-1 expression was elevated during the transitionof the CL from early to mid luteal phase and was accompanied by a significant rise in ET-1 peptide. This coincides with the time point at which the CL gains its responsiveness to PGF2a, suggesting that ability to synthesize ET-1 may be a prerequisite for luteolysis. We have shown that while ET-1 mRNA was exclusively localized to endothelial cells both in young and mature CL, ECE-1 was present in the endothelial cells and steroidogenic cells alike. We also found that the gene for TNF receptor I is only moderately affected by the cytokines tested, but that the gene for TNF receptor II is upregulated by ET-1 and PGF₂ₐ. However, these cytokines both increase expression of MCP-1, although TNFa is even more effective in this regard. In addition, we found that proteins involved in the transport and metabolism of PGF (PGT, PGDH, COX-2) change as the estrous cycle progresses, and could contribute to the refractoriness of young CL. The data obtained in this work illustrate ET-1 synthesis throughout the bovine cycle and provide a better understanding of the mechanisms regulating luteal regression and unravel reasons causing the CL to be refractory to PGF2a.
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Meiri, Noam, Michael D. Denbow, and Cynthia J. Denbow. Epigenetic Adaptation: The Regulatory Mechanisms of Hypothalamic Plasticity that Determine Stress-Response Set Point. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593396.bard.

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Our hypothesis was that postnatal stress exposure or sensory input alters brain activity, which induces acetylation and/or methylation on lysine residues of histone 3 and alters methylation levels in the promoter regions of stress-related genes, ultimately resulting in long-lasting changes in the stress-response set point. Therefore, the objectives of the proposal were: 1. To identify the levels of total histone 3 acetylation and different levels of methylation on lysine 9 and/or 14 during both heat and feed stress and challenge. 2. To evaluate the methylation and acetylation levels of histone 3 lysine 9 and/or 14 at the Bdnfpromoter during both heat and feed stress and challenge. 3. To evaluate the levels of the relevant methyltransferases and transmethylases during infliction of stress. 4. To identify the specific localization of the cells which respond to both specific histone modification and the enzyme involved by applying each of the stressors in the hypothalamus. 5. To evaluate the physiological effects of antisense knockdown of Ezh2 on the stress responses. 6. To measure the level of CpG methylation in the promoter region of BDNF in thermal treatments and free-fed, 12-hour fasted, and re-fed chicks during post-natal day 3, which is the critical period for feed-control establishment, and 10 days later to evaluate longterm effects. 7. The phenotypic effect of antisense “knock down” of the transmethylaseDNMT 3a. Background: The growing demand for improvements in poultry production requires an understanding of the mechanisms governing stress responses. Two of the major stressors affecting animal welfare and hence, the poultry industry in both the U.S. and Israel, are feed intake and thermal responses. Recently, it has been shown that the regulation of energy intake and expenditure, including feed intake and thermal regulation, resides in the hypothalamus and develops during a critical post-hatch period. However, little is known about the regulatory steps involved. The hypothesis to be tested in this proposal is that epigenetic changes in the hypothalamus during post-hatch early development determine the stress-response set point for both feed and thermal stressors. The ambitious goals that were set for this proposal were met. It was established that both stressors i.e. feed and thermal stress, can be manipulated during the critical period of development at day 3 to induce resilience to stress later in life. Specifically it was established that unfavorable nutritional conditions during early developmental periods or heat exposure influences subsequent adaptability to those same stressful conditions. Furthermore it was demonstrated that epigenetic marks on the promoter of genes involved in stress memory are altered both during stress, and as a result, later in life. Specifically it was demonstrated that fasting and heat had an effect on methylation and acetylation of histone 3 at various lysine residues in the hypothalamus during exposure to stress on day 3 and during stress challenge on day 10. Furthermore, the enzymes that perform these modifications are altered both during stress conditioning and challenge. Finally, these modifications are both necessary and sufficient, since antisense "knockdown" of these enzymes affects histone modifications, and as a consequence stress resilience. DNA methylation was also demonstrated at the promoters of genes involved in heat stress regulation and long-term resilience. It should be noted that the only goal that we did not meet because of technical reasons was No. 7. In conclusion: The outcome of this research may provide information for the improvement of stress responses in high yield poultry breeds using epigenetic adaptation approaches during critical periods in the course of early development in order to improve animal welfare even under suboptimum environmental conditions.
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