Journal articles on the topic 'Daily urban spaces'
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1
Cernicova-Buca, Mariana, Vasile Gherheș, and Ciprian Obrad. "Residents’ Satisfaction with Green Spaces and Daily Life in Small Urban Settings: Romanian Perspectives." Land 12, no. 3 (March 15, 2023): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12030689.
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The availability and accessibility of green spaces in urban settings are important factors in determining the sustainability of cities and the quality of urban life. However, the literature indicates a need for evidence-based data correlating green areas and perceived well-being in the city. This study focuses on a vignette study of the satisfaction with green spaces in a Romanian small urban setting that meets the standards of green space availability and accessibility proposed by the World Health Organization. The data obtained by applying a questionnaire to a sample of 600 residents highlight the appreciation of the local people for the characteristics, functions, and availability of urban green spaces. The study establishes statistically significant correlations between the general satisfaction with life and the distance in meters to the nearest park, between the general satisfaction with life and the distance in time to the nearest park, and between the distance in meters and the time spent in parks and green spaces. The results can be used to establish a participatory agenda for local authorities interested in gaining insight from residents for the future actions needed to develop green spaces and to provide them with the opportunity to reflect upon the correlations between outdoor activities in such spaces and people’s well-being in urban settings.
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Mareggi, Marco. "The over-familiar landscape that escapes to the absent-minded gaze." Journal of Public Space 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/jps.v2i1.54.
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<p>Public spaces constitute a relevant part of the landscape of the ordinary city. According to the European Landscape Convention, studies and designs of public spaces, in particular of open spaces, should appropriately focus on the different users who inhabit it and recognise themselves in these spaces. In this sense, close to the traditional studies on morphological characteristics, urban materials and equipment, it is useful to explore the performances of public spaces in innovative ways. This article proposes to come back to emphasise and highlight daily life, still today forgotten as a relevant component of a good design and planning of public spaces. It underlines the importance of the gaze on the everyday and ordinary for urbanism, through some introductory experiences of designed urban spaces and some concepts, such as ‘practices’ and ‘way of uses’. Moreover, it offers a review of different lines of studies on public life and other research interested in daily urban practices. Among these, the article focuses on rhythm and chronographic analysis, which describe practices of use, urban populations and their rhythms of presence within places. In conclusion are presented some opportunities that an adoption of the proposed approaches to everyday could bring to a better management, maintenance and planning of public spaces.<strong></strong></p>
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Liu, Bo, Zong Gang Liu, and Jianhui Yang. "Continuity of Urban History Context – Urban Open Space Design Strategy." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.248.
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As an increasing numbers of people move into the cities, the need of places for community in such cities is required. Urban open spaces have already take a huge part in people`s daily life. It is expected that a high quality of places can be created for people. The urban open spaces design played an important role in modern urban design and planning. Squares and plazas developed a lot in city centres. But there is a problem that it is hard to build new open spaces in the historic city centres as the spaces is very limited. The genesis of this research came from two distinct sources. First, there are a number of factors which influence urban design. The surroundings, memories and the experiences of the city for people can be defined as contexts. ‘Contexts’ constrain and inform all areas of urban design action. Second, there was a need for people to have a special pleasure from the sight of public spaces. With a focus on the urban design, the main factors presented here are the open spaces. The role and meaning of the elements that play in urban design and the ways in which they are designed, developed and detailed are the most important elements for landscape architects to research and consider. In the end of this paper, the author developed a series of general design process and some design ideas as basis of design model of urban open space for the urban history context extending.
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Bideci, Mujde. "Exploring the Sacredness of Urban Spaces through Material Traces." Fieldwork in Religion 14, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/firn.39859.
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From ancient times, some spaces have been understood to be more sacred than others. Even though many of these spaces have no specific religious meaning, there have been new religious movements which can easily be seen in daily life. In order to understand the current dynamics of religion, a focus on the material presence of religion (religious buildings, sites and artefacts in urban spaces) is a fruitful starting point. Thus, the objective of this study is to explore the potential meanings of the sacred in urban spaces, and the effects of these meanings or characterizations of the sacred have on places. Moreover, the focus is on analysing new manifestations of the religious and the sacred in urban space, as well as the ways in which material traces mediate diverse practices, discourses and effects in the various domains of the sacred. By investigating the alignments of these two fields, the city and the sacred, this study sheds new light on the metropolis of London, which manifests both religious diversity and multiple modernities via traces of the sacred in urban spaces. The results show that sacred traces in urban places have a prominent image that many residents and visitors fail to appreciate in their daily lives. The study concludes with a discussion of findings and implications.
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Donoso, Veronica Garcia, and Eugenio Fernandes Queiroga. "Social Landscape, Peripheral Inclusion and Un-Practice: Concepts for Understanding Social Housing Daily Life in Open Spaces." Sustainability 15, no. 17 (August 22, 2023): 12672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151712672.
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This article presents new concepts for discussing urban social space, named “social landscape”, “peripheral inclusion” and “un-practice”. These concepts are based on the analysis of social practices in vulnerable neighborhoods with a high number of social housing blocks in South America. The aim of the article is to show that the complexity of social practices in vulnerable urban areas is not only the result of the urban environment, which combines social inequality, marginalization and insecurity, but also and above all of the management and maintenance of this inequality. The research method combines bibliographical research with the method of non-participant systematic observation, the latter analyzing everyday life in social housing areas of São Paulo-SP (Brazil) and Santiago (Chile). The discussion and results will lead the reader to understand not only the concepts, but also the idea that open spaces have an important role in social practices, especially public spaces. It seeks to demonstrate the importance of linking public spaces and housing in public policies for the creation of social housing, as opposed to housing policies that focus on the production of architecture disconnected from the urban and social reality.
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Patel, Tulsi N. "THE RELATION OF INTERIOR SPACES WITH URBAN CONTEXT." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 2 (February 28, 2018): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i2.2018.1559.
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Space, it is the area provided for particular purpose. Space can be two dimensional, three dimensional or multi. The perception of a space is known by its functionality and quality. Space does not define the use or behavior. Space can be identified as interior, exterior, common, transition; public, personal etc. 90 percent of our daily lives are spent inside. That is our experience of the city – moving from one interior to another. So our remit is to improve the quality of life for citizen, focusing on the quality of interior spaces.
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هشام عمران الفرطاس, هيثم احمد البيرة, and جبريل جبريل. "Inter-Ethnic Interactions in Urban Public Space: The Malaysian Experience." Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences 21, no. 4 (October 3, 2022): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v21i4.2170.
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Social interaction entails communal experiences between people during their daily activities. People from different ethnic backgrounds in Malaysia namely the Malays, Chinese and Indians spend their leisure time in an urban square, which offers opportunities for social interaction among three ethnic groups. However, how are public spaces utilised for leisure by people from different multi-ethnic backgrounds? Does the variety of attributes in public spaces attract people from a different background? The current aim of this research sets to establish properties and attributes of urban square characteristics such as the quality of daily activities that contribute to inter-ethnic social interactions among users in urban civic spaces. The study focused on constructing indices on how daily activity attributes, and how to investigate the diversity amongst the three ethnic groups on how the urban public space is perceived. A total of 140 questionnaires were administered to measure how the public square users perceived public space use in Batu Pahat town, Malaysia Peninsular. The analysis was facilitated through analytic tool of the Rasch Model. The study revealed that the Malays use urban squares more than Indians and Chinese. Consequently, this affects the level of the Malays social interaction among others. While on the other hand, for square activities reflecting Chinese and Indian culture makes the urban square less attractive to the Chinese and Indians. It suggests that the environmental attribute quality of the square should be improved to attract social interaction amongst the three ethnic groups.
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Alves, Fernando, Sara Cruz, Anabela Ribeiro, Ana Bastos Silva, João Martins, and Inês Cunha. "Walkability Index for Elderly Health: A Proposal." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 8, 2020): 7360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187360.
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Nowadays, the elderly tend to make more trips: Health benefits resulting from their daily walking routines are an important topic in the context of urban renewal processes. Many health organizations and researchers have demonstrated the influence of the urban environment on walkability levels. This article aims to design a multifactor Walkability Index for Elderly Health (WIEH), capable of associating both the adequacy level of public spaces to elderly walkability, and physical exercise benefits while walking. The methodological approach comprised two main parts: Firstly, a literature review of main reports, legislation, and scientific articles was conducted at the intersection of ‘gerontology and physical exercise’ with ‘urban design and mobility’, leading to the selection of four aging-related studies as main contributors to the design of the WIEH; and, secondly, the development of the WIEH was undertaken, based on two premises and designed according to four steps. The first premise defined three systematic areas (urban tissue, urban scene, and safety), variables, and criteria to classify the pedestrian network; and the second premise focused on slopes and stairs in public spaces. The WIEH is divided in four steps: (1) Analyzing public spaces and characterizing their quality for walking, (2) considering the existence of slopes and stairs, (3) calculating different routes for the elderly in their daily routines, or when going to points of interest, and (4) selecting the “heart-friendly route” for elderly people. Adequate walking paths for the elderly can be identified through this innovative approach, with the aim of achieving direct health benefits during their daily routines. Ultimately, the WIEH is capable of supporting decision makers and designers in creating inclusive and age-friendly spaces.
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Mela, Athina, and George Varelidis. "Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use and attitudes towards urban public spaces." Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 31, no. 2 (October 26, 2022): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.31.2.31545.
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The benefits of interaction with urban public space, particularly green spaces are numerous for citizens, especially those who live in metropolitan areas. The outbreak of the pandemic, as well as the restrictive measures put in place to prevent the virus's spread, caused enormous changes in people's daily lives and activities. Using a structured questionnaire, the current study intends to capture the shift in attitudes and perceptions of residents of the Attica region during the 2nd wave of restriction measures (7/11/20 – 3/7/21). During the pandemic, visitation in urban public spaces increased, according to the data. The great majority of participants preferred to visit mostly urban public areas within walking distance of their residence (up to 15 minutes), especially in the afternoon and relatively frequently, with 45 percent claiming to visit them "daily" or "3-4 times a week," and only 3% claiming “never”. The analysis showed an increase in the visits during the pandemic from participants who reported better-perceived quality of the spaces, better accessibility, safety during the day, and a feeling of relaxation in the free public spaces of their area. Additionally, those reported living in areas with many available spaces were more likely to increase the frequency of visits during the pandemic.
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Zhou, Lei, Ming Liu, Zhenlong Zheng, and Wei Wang. "Quantification of Spatial Association between Commercial and Residential Spaces in Beijing Using Urban Big Data." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 4 (April 11, 2022): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11040249.
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Commercial and residential spaces are two core types of geographical objects in urban areas. However, these two types of spaces are not independent of each other. Spatial associations exist between them, and a thorough understanding of this spatial association is of great significance for improving the efficiency of urban spatial allocation and realizing scientific spatial planning and governance. Thus, in this paper, the spatial association between commercial and residential spaces in Beijing is quantified with GIS spatial analysis of the average nearest neighbor distance, kernel density, spatial correlation, and honeycomb grid analysis. Point-of-interest (POI) big data of the commercial and residential spaces is used in the quantification since this big data represents a comprehensive sampling of these two spaces. The results show that the spatial distributions of commercial and residential spaces are highly correlated, maintaining a relatively close consumption spatial association. However, the degrees of association between different commercial formats and residential spaces vary, presenting the spatial association characteristics of “integration of daily consumption and separation of nondaily consumption”. The commercial formats of catering services, recreation and leisure services, specialty stores, and agricultural markets are strongly associated with the residential spaces. However, the development of frequently used commercial formats of daily consumption such as living services, convenience stores, and supermarkets appears to lag behind the development of residential spaces. In addition, large-scale comprehensive and specialized commercial formats such as shopping malls, home appliances and electronics stores, and home building materials markets are lagging behind the residential spaces over a wide range. This paper is expected to provide development suggestions for the transformation of urban commercial and residential spaces and the construction of “people-oriented” smart cities.
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Fuentes-Hernández, Pablo, and Gonzalo Cerda-Brintrup. "Espacio Cotidiano." Arquitecturas del Sur 41, no. 64 (July 31, 2023): 04–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07196466.2023.41.064.00.
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Three articles in this issue of Arquitecturas del Sur are dedicated to collective housing, as the housing shortage has led to new and better forms of citizen participation in its solution. The Indigenous Temporary Accommodation in Florianopolis handles an essentially Latin American problem: access for Indigenous people to protected state housing. In this case, the presence of the city’s original inhabitants examines the possibilities of physical and symbolic spaces in the contemporary city and the professional role that looks into the responses. Next, the text on collaborative housing analyzes the case of Spain, and its relationship with public management mechanisms. The case of Gran Canaria looks at mutual aid issues, transfer of use, cooperativism, and citizen participation. In this way, the self-construction system of the Andalusian Junta, a practice that is as effective as it is controversial, and representative of a socialist cooperativism and cohabitation developed by the Barcelona City Council, converge in the debate on cooperative management. The third text looks into one of the latest events disclosed on CORVI’s actions, before its dissolution in 1976. It explores a management model that revealed the role of construction companies as a new player in the habitational process for the case of the Santiago Amengual Neighborhood. A second thematic group in this issue, materialized in its last 3 articles, returns to the structural issues of modern-day architecture, whose presence is diving deeper into the disciplinary debate. The places of memory seem to exceed the margins of an understanding based on heritage discourse. The memory and belonging of daily spaces, turn one to the nodes of memory and collective coherence. This is the case of the Community School – Center of Memory and Integrated Action to Care for the Forest of Galilea and the Territory of Colombia. Likewise, the individual, isolated, and selective expressions examine those unusual experiences where otherness exercises protagonism over experiences in the architecture and city of Santiago de Chile. Finally, revisiting the works of a master like Niemeyer opens the possibility for rereading, through actions based on the Portuguese decisions in two of his works: the urban complex of Pena Furada, in Portugal (1965), and Plaza XV, in Rio de Janeiro (1991).
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Ozdevecioglu, Esra, and Sedef Ozcelik. "The Industrial Heritage: Notion of Atmosphere and Temporality in the Daily Urban Living Praxis." SPACE International Journal of Conference Proceedings 3, no. 1 (July 31, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51596/sijocp.v3i1.18.
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Recreating the space means creating a new ‘atmosphere’ there. The atmosphere surrounds the space like the atmosphere layer surrounding the earth. The spaces where the atmosphere of the space can be examined effectively are the spaces that are re-functioned. There are two important and distinct variables that determine the atmosphere formation in re-functional spaces: (1) Time and (2) memory. In the re-functioning space, the past, present, and future come together and constantly transform each other. This feature emphasises the temporality of these spaces. This approach does not romanticise the space. It focuses on the new space and the atmosphere that changes, transforms, and is fluent in time. This study aims to examine the new spirit and atmosphere of the transformed space rather than telling the transformation story of the old space. Bilgi University Campus (Santral Istanbul) in Istanbul and Abdullah Gul University Campus in Kayseri, which were re-functionalized and transformed, were determined as similar examples. These two campuses were observed and compared within the scope of criteria determined by grounded theory methodology. The criteria by which the campuses that have been transformed by re-functioning are evaluated were created by compiling the criteria of architects and philosophers working on the experience of space. These criteria are classified as (1) senses and (2) sensations of space. After the observations, the criteria for the sensations and senses of space were expanded, were added new criteria and redefined. The place has preserved the spirit of time-memory with elements from the past and created a new, holistic, and original atmosphere with its socially active education campus function. In this respect, the campuses have become re-functionalised industrial heritages that embody the spirit of the time and offer a new atmosphere experience beyond being purely educational campuses.
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Fathi, Sadegh, Hassan Sajadzadeh, Faezeh Mohammadi Sheshkal, Farshid Aram, Gergo Pinter, Imre Felde, and Amir Mosavi. "The Role of Urban Morphology Design on Enhancing Physical Activity and Public Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (March 31, 2020): 2359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072359.
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Along with environmental pollution, urban planning has been connected to public health. The research indicates that the quality of built environments plays an important role in reducing mental disorders and overall health. The structure and shape of the city are considered as one of the factors influencing happiness and health in urban communities and the type of the daily activities of citizens. The aim of this study was to promote physical activity in the main structure of the city via urban design in a way that the main form and morphology of the city can encourage citizens to move around and have physical activity within the city. Functional, physical, cultural-social, and perceptual-visual features are regarded as the most important and effective criteria in increasing physical activities in urban spaces, based on literature review. The environmental quality of urban spaces and their role in the physical activities of citizens in urban spaces were assessed by using the questionnaire tool and analytical network process (ANP) of structural equation modeling. Further, the space syntax method was utilized to evaluate the role of the spatial integration of urban spaces on improving physical activities. Based on the results, consideration of functional diversity, spatial flexibility and integration, security, and the aesthetic and visual quality of urban spaces plays an important role in improving the physical health of citizens in urban spaces. Further, more physical activities, including motivation for walking and the sense of public health and happiness, were observed in the streets having higher linkage and space syntax indexes with their surrounding texture.
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jo, Joon Hyok. "Influence of Residents' Daily Space Experiences and Urban Differences on Pedestrian Satisfaction Status in Residential Areas : Focused on Gyeongsangnam-do." Korean Association of Urban Policies 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21447/jusre.2023.14.3.29.
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This study explores the effect of residents' satisfaction levels with the daily spaces and characteristics of the cities where they live on the probability of satisfaction with walking in residential areas. As a result of the analysis, factors such as individual characteristics, daily spatial experiences, the purpose of movement, and the characteristics of each city influenced the satisfaction of walking in residential areas. In light of the study's results, residents' daily experiences while walking in everyday spaces affect their satisfaction with walking in residential areas.
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Aziz, Hellen, and Salma Ellakany. "The Segregation in Access to Spaces for Urban Activities during COVID-19 Pandemic in Relation to Gated Communities in Egypt." Journal of Public Space, Vol. 6 n. 1 (April 30, 2021): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v6i1.1434.
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Despite the long history of physical and social segregation by various types of gated communities in Egypt, they are attracting more residents. This is a result of the sense of privacy, security, access to proper services and the quality of green areas and public spaces that they offer. In most cases, such privileges and spaces for urban activities have restricted access to users who do not own residential units in such gated communities. With the current COVID-19 pandemic, starting in early 2020, and the Egyptian government’s preventive measures, people’s daily lives have been affected both economically and socially. Regulations such as the application of a curfew, and the closure of public services and facilities have had a considerable impact on population’s urban activities and the use of the public spaces. Yet, it could be argued that urban activities within gated communities have increased as the residents were forced to stay at home, or within the gated compounds’ walls. Thus, this paper investigates the use of the spaces for urban activities inside the gated communities; whether residential or beach destinations, in Egypt during the pandemic. It then studies the segregation in the rights of use of open urban spaces inside and outside gated communities, during the pandemic.
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Lehmann, Steffen. "Reconnecting with nature: Developing urban spaces in the age of climate change." Emerald Open Research 1 (January 28, 2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/emeraldopenres.12960.1.
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Climate change is occurring around us and impacting on our daily lives, meaning that we have to deal with our cities in a different way. There is also increasing awareness of the need for daily contact with green spaces and the natural environment in order to live a happy, productive and meaningful life. This reflective essay tells the narrative of how urbanisation has been disconnecting humans from nature. Non-sustainable, non-resilient patterns of urbanisation, along with the neglect of inner-city areas, have resulted in fragmentation and urban decline, led to a loss of biodiversity, and caused the deterioration of ecosystems and their services. Urban regeneration projects allow us to ‘repair’ and restore some of this damage whilst enhancing urban resilience. Connecting existing and enhanced ecosystems, and re-establishing ecosystems both within cities and at the peri-urban fringe is vital for strengthening ecosystem resilience and building adaptive capacity for coping with the effects of climate change. Cities worldwide need to look for suitable solutions to increase the resilience of their urban spaces in the face of climate change. This essay explores how this can be achieved through the integration of nature-based solutions, the re-greening of neighbourhoods and by correctly attributing value to natural capital. Transforming existing cities and neighbourhoods in this way will enable ecosystems to contribute their services towards healthier and more liveable cities.
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Tomatis, Francisco, Francisco Javier Diez, Maria Sol Wilhelm, and Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia. "Prediction of Daily Ambient Temperature and Its Hourly Estimation Using Artificial Neural Networks in Urban Allotment Gardens and an Urban Park in Valladolid, Castilla y León, Spain." Agronomy 14, no. 1 (December 26, 2023): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010060.
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Urban green spaces improve quality of life by mitigating urban temperatures. However, there are challenges in obtaining urban data to analyze and understand their influence. With the aim of developing innovative methodologies for this type of research, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were developed to predict daily and hourly temperatures in urban green spaces from sensors placed in situ for 41 days. The study areas were four urban allotment gardens (with dynamic and productive vegetation) and a forested urban park in the city of Valladolid, Spain. ANNs were built and evaluated from various combinations of inputs (X), hidden neurons (Y), and outputs (Z) under the practical rule of “making networks simple, to obtain better results”. Seven ANNs architectures were tested: 7-Y-5 (Y = 6, 7, …, 14), 6-Y-5 (Y = 6, 7, …, 14), 7-Y-1 (Y = 2, 3, …, 8), 6-Y-1 (Y = 2, 3, …, 8), 4-Y-1 (Y = 1, 2, …, 7), 3-Y-1 (Y = 1, 2, …, 7), and 2-Y-1 (Y = 2, 3, …, 8). The best-performing model was the 6-Y-1 ANN architecture with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.42 °C for the urban garden called Valle de Arán. The results demonstrated that from shorter data points obtained in situ, ANNs predictions achieve acceptable results and reflect the usefulness of the methodology. These predictions were more accurate in urban gardens than in urban parks, where the type of existing vegetation can be a decisive factor. This study can contribute to the development of a sustainable and smart city, and has the potential to be replicated in cities where the influence of urban green spaces on urban temperatures is studied with traditional methodologies.
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E.V Wuisang, Cynthia, Dwight M Rondonuwu, Rieneke L.E Sela, Sonny Tilaar, and Suryono Suryono. "Characteristics of Public Green Open Spaces and Efforts In Enhancing The Quality and Function Using Tri-Valent Approach: Case of Manado City, Indonesia." Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 3, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/eduvest.v3i2.741.
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Urban communities can feel more applicable benefits in urban environmental planning as part of their daily activities. Urban public open spaces have not all considered the quality of the environment. Initial observations show that the utilization of public open space is not yet optimal from environmental and social aspects. Manado City Public open space is a place of interaction and recreation for the community, but currently little attention is paid to ecological or environmental functions and the quality of the landscape. With the observed background, this study aims to examine the city's public open spaces that can improve their functions and quality, by providing ecological protection and aesthetic quality of the landscape. This study evaluates the performance of open spaces (Patches Landscape) that support the sustainability of recent urban environment. The approach in this study in addition to sustainable cities, sustainable landscapes also integrate environmental psychology, aesthetics and people's perceptions of urban open spaces. This research also looks at the historical aspects of the community that will give identity to the planned open spaces, and their impact on improving the ecology and quality of open spaces. This research is conducted in Manado City, Indonesia. The method used in this research is a mix-method approach using Trivalent concept. The concept is to evaluate the tree-in-one main dimensions namely ecological, socio-cultural and aesthetic in landscape planning and design. The analysis of Landscape Quality Indicators is used to establish the concept of an engineering and spatial-based urban public open space design model recommendation.
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E.V Wuisang, Cynthia, Dwight M Rondonuwu, Rieneke L.E Sela, Sonny Tilaar, and Suryono Suryono. "Characteristics of Public Green Open Spaces and Efforts In Enhancing The Quality and Function Using Tri-Valent Approach: Case of Manado City, Indonesia." Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 3, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v3i2.741.
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Urban communities can feel more applicable benefits in urban environmental planning as part of their daily activities. Urban public open spaces have not all considered the quality of the environment. Initial observations show that the utilization of public open space is not yet optimal from environmental and social aspects. Manado City Public open space is a place of interaction and recreation for the community, but currently little attention is paid to ecological or environmental functions and the quality of the landscape. With the observed background, this study aims to examine the city's public open spaces that can improve their functions and quality, by providing ecological protection and aesthetic quality of the landscape. This study evaluates the performance of open spaces (Patches Landscape) that support the sustainability of recent urban environment. The approach in this study in addition to sustainable cities, sustainable landscapes also integrate environmental psychology, aesthetics and people's perceptions of urban open spaces. This research also looks at the historical aspects of the community that will give identity to the planned open spaces, and their impact on improving the ecology and quality of open spaces. This research is conducted in Manado City, Indonesia. The method used in this research is a mix-method approach using Trivalent concept. The concept is to evaluate the tree-in-one main dimensions namely ecological, socio-cultural and aesthetic in landscape planning and design. The analysis of Landscape Quality Indicators is used to establish the concept of an engineering and spatial-based urban public open space design model recommendation.
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Hatuka, Tali. "Laissez-Faire Public Spaces: Designing Public Spaces for Calm and Stressful Times." Built Environment 47, no. 3 (October 1, 2021): 392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.2148/benv.47.3.392.
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Under extreme conditions, such as wars, pandemics, and climate events, the role of open space and public rituals alters dramatically. Extreme conditions remind us that daily life is fragile. What should dictate the development of public spaces? What does Covid-19 teach us about public space, its use and future design? Should planners and designers address the unexpected when designing public spaces? These questions are the departure point for discussing the social value and design of public space during both extreme conditions and calm times.
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Giannini, Mirella. "Feminism of care for social relations in the urban space." Scienze del Territorio 11, no. 1 (November 27, 2023): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/sdt-14484.
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In this paper we note that urban feminism reclaims an organization of spaces for women’s needs, those related to daily life, private and public, hence considers it essential to act for a change in urban design, still predominantly based on patriarchal models. We therefore aim at tracing a design path for a change in city planning that considers the care as an ethical paradigm of social relations which is able to weaken male dominance. Although it is clear how much physical spaces affect social relations and processes, our hypothesis is that, to design change, we need to reveal the social and cultural conditions of those subjects who make urban spaces sensitive to a plurality of needs. Specifically, we assume that women mobilize social relations capable of transforming the urban spaces that have kept them on the margins, and just for this they act for their change. We have observed how the caring relationship, to which women have traditionally been socialized in the private sphere, in our times has moved to the public sphere. We therefore postulate that this relationship could become inclusive of different genders and statuses and, therefore, build those social processes that oppose the reproduction of patriarchal logics in city planning. Care, now a private relational paradigm, would become an ethical and relational paradigm, thus generating a social process that should be considered important for redesigning urban spaces.
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Kollert, A., M. Rutzinger, M. Bremer, K. Kaufmann, and T. Bork-Hüffer. "MAPPING OF 3D EYE-TRACKING IN URBAN OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTS." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-4-2021 (June 17, 2021): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-4-2021-201-2021.
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Abstract. New geospatial technologies and ubiquitous sensing allow new insights into people’s spatial practices and experiences of public spaces. These tools offer new data streams for analysis and interpretation of social phenomena. Mobile augmented reality tools such as smartphones and wearables merge the experience of entangled online and offline spaces in citizen’s daily life. This paper demonstrates a concept that combines eye-tracking tools with innovative mapping in order to enhance the interpretability of real outdoor environmental experiences. Through videogrammetry, a participants’ head posture can be reconstructed. Subsequently the fixations measured through eye-tracking are projected onto a 3D point cloud of the surrounding environment. The presented methodological approach is implemented in the interdisciplinary project DigitAS – The Digital, Affects and Space – which investigates the perception of public places as spaces of recreation, security or fear. The project’s Mixed Methods approach combined qualitative, mobile, in-situ and reconstructive methods with eye-tracking in an outdoor setting. Potentials of the geospatial mapping concept for social science research is discussed.
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Kwiatek, Sarah M., Liang Cai, Kathleen A. Cagney, William E. Copeland, V. Joseph Hotz, and Rick H. Hoyle. "Comparative assessment of the feasibility and validity of daily activity space in urban and non-urban settings." PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): e0297492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297492.
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Activity space research explores the behavioral impact of the spaces people move through in daily life. This research has focused on urban settings, devoting little attention to non-urban settings. We examined the validity of the activity space method, comparing feasibility and data quality in urban and non-urban contexts. Overall, we found that the method is easily implemented in both settings. We also found location data quality was comparable across residential and activity space settings. The major differences in GPS (Global Positioning System) density and accuracy came from the operating system (iOS versus Android) of the device used. The GPS-derived locations showed high agreement with participants’ self-reported locations. We further validated GPS data by comparing at-home time allocation with the American Time Use Survey. This study suggests that it is possible to collect daily activity space data in non-urban settings that are of comparable quality to data from urban settings.
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McGuirk, Pauline, and Robyn Dowling. "Governing Social Reproduction in Masterplanned Estates." Urban Studies 48, no. 12 (August 9, 2011): 2611–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098011411950.
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Critical urban research arising from the ‘new urban politics’ rich heritage has conventionally privileged the politics of accumulation and the city’s downtown over the politics of social reproduction and everyday, residential spaces. This paper focuses on residential spaces and the politics involved in recasting everyday practices of social reproduction through private neighbourhood governance. Focusing on the masterplanned estates increasingly prevalent across Sydney’s residential landscape, it explores the material practices and subjectivities shaped by these estates’ contractual governance and the contours and limits to the formation of self-governing middle-class consumer citizens. The paper highlights a granular fabric to urban politics produced as residents engage with meeting the demands of daily urban life and providing the means of middle-class social reproduction in a neo-liberalised context. Finally, it points to opportunities for a more complete grammar of contemporary urban politics provided by this expanded focus.
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Singh, Ramesh Prasad, and Januka Dhakal. "Accessibility and Disability-Inclusive Urban Planning in Kathmandu Metropolitan City." International Research Journal of MMC 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjmmc.v5i1.63080.
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This research aims to explore the importance of accessibility and disability-inclusive urban planning. For this, it analyzes the problems of disabled people, especially physically disabled people, living in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. The review of the literature shows that people with disabilities face a widespread lack of accessibility to build environments, from roads and housing to public buildings and spaces and basic urban services such as sanitation and water, health, education, transportation, and emergency response and resilience programs. Particularly, one of the main problems in Kathmandu Metropolitan City is the inaccessibility of urban public spaces such as sidewalks, bus stops, pedestrian crossings, etc. for people with all kinds of abilities. Persons with disability (PWDs), often struggle with the complexities of the built environment in urban areas that hinder their equal participation in daily activities. So, there is a need for accessibility and disability-inclusive urban planning in Kathmandu metropolitan city.
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Valipoor, Nastaran, and Kaveh Shokoohi Dehkordi. "Prioritizing Effective Factors on Liveliness and Improvement of the Urban Life Caused by the Development of Green Spaces with the Attraction-Repulsion Pattern." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 8 (June 15, 2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n8p90.
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The daily increase in population and the complexity of urban issues, shortages in suitable financial and human resources, environmental pollutions, etc. sometimes cause the citizens to forget or be unable to fulfill their needs in the hobnob of life, pollution, tiredness and the routine of life. This has led some factors such as the closeness to the work and living place of human beings to nature, small green spaces within the cities and their benefits for the people receive less attention in our time. Cities, as centers of man's activities and life, in order to keep their sustainability have no way but to accept the structure and they have no function affected by natural systems. Here, urban green spaces, as the vital and inseparable part of the cities' unified form in their metabolism, have basic roles and their shortage can cause serious disorders in the lives of the cities. Public green spaces have a significant impact in improving the life quality of the citizens, liveliness and the beautification of the city. With regard to these issues, it has been tried in this paper to analyze the mental and social impacts of urban green spaces on the improvement of the citizens' life quality and their roles in the beautification of urban spaces and their liveliness by using the attraction-repulsion pattern with an approach to green spaces and by analyzing case studies among the citizens. The results indicated that the citizens use green spaces mostly to have access to clean air, family entertainment, liveliness, being away from the pollutions and the smallness of their houses, walking, relieving their tiredness, running away from their routine lives, etc. and these spaces have significant impact in the beautification of urban environments.
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Mirmoghtadaee, Mahta. "Demands and Feasibilities of Open Building in Iranian Urban Context." Open House International 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2008-b0006.
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Traditional Iranian houses, were built of heavy, voluminous building materials resulting in massive bearing wall structures. Such buildings had fixed architectural spaces, with defined boundaries and dimensions. However, the need for adaptability was fulfilled through creating multifunctional spaces, seasonal or even daily movements in the horizontal and vertical directions of house areas, and subdivision or expansion of the primary spaces. Urbanization in Iran is leading to gradual replacement of individual houses by residential complexes and apartments in which, the use of traditional design principles was lost, while solutions to enhance adaptability in the internal layouts have not yet developed. The paper concludes that open building may provide practical tools to enhance spatial variations in the new conditions. However, to take the first step towards this approach in Iran, some major issues such as "legal framework", "changing needs of Iranian families", "Iranian life styles" and "situation of industrial building production in Iran" have to be analyzed. Considering the mentioned factors, some recommendations for architectural design are proposed.
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Tesche-Roa, Paula Isabel, Juan Carlos SantaCruz-Grau, Verónica Marianela Esparza-Saavedra, and Jordana María José García-Hernández. "Espacialidad de las memorias sociales asociadas a la dictadura (1973 - 1990) en el Área Metropolitana de Concepción (ÁMC), Chile." Revista Urbano 26, no. 48 (November 30, 2023): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07183607.2023.26.48.06.
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The Metropolitan Area of Concepción (MAC) was one of the hardest hit areas by political represión and human right violations during the dictatorship. Despite the impact of it, the urban development of las decades has been erasing the materialness of memories linked with the period. Emerging the neediness to map places of memory to dimension and territorially understand them, through geolocation and analysis of its spatiality and territorial distribution. In this regard, a wide distribution of spaces is identified that can be defined as "silenced places" and "places made invisible by daily life". In fact, a disproportion is observed between the quantity of events of political violence and violations of human rights and the scarcity of public spaces that account for these events. Also, it is relevant to verify a certain inadequacy of the existing spaces for contemporary development of memory practices, both in urban and architectural terms, raising questions about how social memories linked to the dictatorship are currently crystallized.
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Bader, Michael D. M., Annette Lareau, and Shani A. Evans. "Talk on the Playground: The Neighborhood Context of School Choice." City & Community 18, no. 2 (June 2019): 483–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12410.
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Despite consensus that neighborhoods influence children's outcomes, we know less about the mechanisms that cause neighborhood inequality and produce those outcomes. Existing research overlooks how social networks develop among people at similar points in the life course through repeated interactions in neighborhoods. Existing studies do not illuminate the ways in which these geographically based networks can influence life–altering decisions. In this article, we use qualitative interviews with White, middle–class parents in gentrifying neighborhoods in a large Northeastern city to examine how parents decided where to send their children to kindergarten. Parents reported relying heavily on information that they received from their network of other neighborhood parents whom they had befriended on the playground or at daycare in the course of their daily child–rearing routines. The daily routines of child rearing led to rich and important social networks. But tensions also emerged among parents as they made different decisions about where to send their children to kindergarten. By focusing on how life course stages affect how people use space and interact in neighborhood spaces, we can better understand how neighborhood spaces shape the decision–making process of school choice.
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Li, Fei, and Donggen Wang. "Measuring urban segregation based on individuals’ daily activity patterns: A multidimensional approach." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 2 (October 14, 2016): 467–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x16673213.
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This paper develops a methodology to measure urban segregation based on individuals’ sociospatial experience of daily life. Since segregation can be considered as the isolation of people from those unlike themselves, its degree increases with the similarity in ethnicity, economic status, or other sociodemographic dimensions of interest between individuals and people who they are exposed to in their daily usage of urban space. Based on this perspective, we propose a regression estimator that measures segregation by assessing similarity or likeness between people and the social environments they experience in daily activity spaces. Compared to traditional segregation measures, the proposed estimator is not restricted to measuring residential segregation, but recognizes and assesses segregation as a dynamic process that unfolds in the daily life routines of individuals in a society and depends on the different ways individuals or social groups use urban space. It can be applied to various segregation factors, categorical or continuous, as well as to examine their interactions in a society. An empirical study in Hong Kong is used to demonstrate the proposed approach.
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Quang, Pham Viet, Pham Anh Dung, Hoang Anh, and Cu Thi Anh Tuyet. "Building identities in public spaces through cultural language analysis framework: a case study of public spaces river the Ha Thanh river Quy Nhon city - Central – Viet Nam." E3S Web of Conferences 403 (2023): 01028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340301028.
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When it comes to the typical image of an urban area, public space is considered a place that many people refer to because it is a place where cultural, social and entertainment activities often take place in daily life. Along with the trend of global integration and urbanization, the current Vietnamese urban architecture, especially the traditional urban spaces, is being gradually lost because of the influences of new architecture imported from the other countries. In terms of management, the choice of development and preservation of identity is always a difficult problem when taking into account the economic and social development of the city. It is necessary to include the goal of harmonious development of urban identity in the planning and design process. Through synthesizing and surveying local cultural values that have been evaluated and analyzed to distill some outstanding tangible and intangible values, and at the same time recreate urban public spaces in order to regenerate landscape at Ha Thanh river, in Dieu Tri area - Quy Nhon city - Central region - Vietnam.
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Aksoy, Elif Öztürk, and Pelin Dursun Çebi. "A Conceptual Exploration of Hidden Spatial Layers: Reading Urban-Breccia." Sustainability 16, no. 4 (February 16, 2024): 1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16041625.
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Sustainable urban spaces, from social and cultural perspectives, can be characterized not only by the preservation of the historical cultural structures within them but also by the subjective and collective meanings contributed by the individuals inhabiting these spaces in their daily lives across physical, social, cognitive, and cultural dimensions. Therefore, the planning and construction of socially and culturally sustainable cities is a challenging endeavor due to the intricate and dynamic nature of the urban phenomenon. The main goal of this study is to investigate the meanings of the different layers of the urban space phenomenon and how they can be conceptualized at the core of social and cultural sustainability strategies for cities. The study aims to reconceptualize urban space through the lens of ‘memory’, depicting it as ‘urban-breccia’ that emerges along the axes of remembering–construction and forgetting–destruction, mediated by visible and hidden layers. Within the entirety and variability of physical realities, concepts, phenomena, and occurrences, the urban-breccia generates dynamic, complex, multilayered, and ambiguous relational systems through the struggles of the visible and hidden layers vying for predominance. These relational systems within urban-breccia signify both semantic and syntactic approaches that encompass visible and hidden layers. It is believed that such a study would contribute to the endeavors that seek to find the fundamental domains that render urban spaces culturally and socially sustainable, within the synthesis of urban space’s physical, social, cognitive, and cultural perspectives, through a temporality inherent to memory.
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Bogdanovic-Protic, Ivana, Petar Mitkovic, and Milica Ljubenovic. "Criteria and aspects of quality of open spaces in high-rise housing neighbourhoods in the process of urban revitalization." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 17, no. 2 (2019): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace190329013b.
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The correlation between the quality of open spaces and quality of life in high-rise housing neighborhoods in contemporary urban-architectural and social frameworks has been confirmed by a series of multidisciplinary researches. Modern research indicates that in the process of revitalization, it is necessary to look at various aspects of the quality of open spaces in order to provide a more efficient degree of improvement. Creating adequate spatial conditions for the different types of activities of the daily spare time of tenants and the exercise of physical activity in the direction of improving psycho-physical health, achieving spatial-ambient values, as well as for encouraging good neighborly relations, communion, territoriality and sense of belonging, which are all determinants of the quality of life, can be managed by providing a certain level of quality open spaces. Bearing in mind that there are no unique criteria for the quality of open spaces in high - rise residential neighborhoods, the aim of this paper is to indicate the desirable characteristics of these spaces in accordance with the contemporary principles of urban design and practice in the process of their revitalization. Therefore, residential neighborhood Poptahof has been selected as a research platform that represents the good practice example of the revitalization of open spaces in line with identified criteria and quality aspects. These criteria can serve as a basis for further research of the modes of urban revitalization of open spaces, with the aim of improving the quality of life.
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Addas, Abdullah. "Influence of Urban Green Spaces on Quality of Life and Health with Smart City Design." Land 12, no. 5 (April 26, 2023): 960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12050960.
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Publicly available green spaces are great places for people to relax. Currently, the deficiency of such spaces is decreasing daily, especially in urban regions. Urban green spaces (UGSs) have become a topic of great importance in enhancing life expectancy and health. To overcome these issues, the current research highlights the importance of UGSs for the residents’ living quality and urban health. UGSs are relevant for analyzing and investigating better urban lifestyles and development. To perform the experimental work, a green laboratory (GL) in a smart city (SC) area was involved in the investigation. The GL was made of wood, and different types of green infrastructure were analyzed. The research investigation resulted in upgrading the locality. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to enhance the quality of the research. Interviews with residents, occupants of offices, and government experts were conducted. Special survey questions, i.e., quantitative and qualitative, were developed while considering the current demands of the residents. A total of 500 responses were recorded, and by using the MAXQDA software, an analysis was carried out. The results showed that there was a dire requirement for UGSs in terms of size and quantity because of security and opportunities. The proposed research results will provide an opportunity for open spaces to be created in this local district. To fully improve residents’ living style and health, the necessity of deploying UGSs became more apparent. Finally, it became clear that green spaces are necessary to improve the country’s economy.
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Ovsiannikova, Tatiana, Mariya Nikolaenko, and Mergesh Chilbakova. "Expansion of urban recreation areas as a factor for human capital renovation." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814304011.
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The paper is focused on the development of urban space on the basis of the modern urban development concepts. The role of urban environment in the development of individuals, their physical, intellectual and spiritual potential is described with the use of human capital theory. The City Recreation concept is suggested to be accounted while planning the urban territory development. The role of recreation areas in urban environment is described, classification of urban recreation areas is given. The paper recites the results of a social study devoted to evaluation of satisfaction of typical urban district residents with the number and quality of recreation areas. Recommendations are given on public spaces expansion to provide daily recreation.
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Nekoui, Yasaman, and Eduardo Roig. "Children and the Mediated City. Place Attachment Development Using Augmented Reality in Urban Spaces." Interaction Design and Architecture(s), no. 52 (June 10, 2022): 144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.55612/s-5002-052-008.
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Nowadays technology has become an essential component in our urban environments. The mediated city is a concept that takes advantage of various kinds of technology to enhance the functional efficiency of daily urban life. Augmented spaces are one of the main elements of mediated cities which use Augmented Reality (AR) to facilitate communication and interaction between digital and physical spaces. Children, as users of augmented spaces, have the potential to explore mediated cities using various AR-enabled accessories. This ability gives children the opportunity to get a closer sense of connection to their city and experience place attachment which is the emotional bond formed between themselves and the place. This paper explores three case studies that exhibit how children use AR technology to develop various skills. Our goal is to promote AR as a contemporary tool that helps children better perceive and experience the feeling of place attachment in their city.
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Sakellariou, Angeliki. "Performative Resilience: Artistic Activism in Urban Spaces of Athens." Bhumi, The Planning Research Journal 10, no. 1 (August 22, 2023): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/bhumi.v10i1.94.
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Multiple constraints and passivity in urban space on a global scale, combined with the transformation of economic crises into spatial crises, have often led to a rise in civic participation as a form of radical response to contested social frameworks. In a number of cases, as these frameworks faced collapse, citizens have been led to bottom-up solutions which test their capacity to shape socio-spatial programs and disrupt the formality of space freeing it from constraints. Resilient cities – defined as cities that have the ability to absorb, recover and prepare for future shocks – are often at the epicenter of such multi-layered transformations. This paper explores some of the practices deployed by cultural practitioners (performers, visual artists, activists, architects etc.) in Athens, Greece as a response to conditions of austerity and political turmoil, as well as methods which could be deployed towards the re-appropriation of public space within oppressive socioeconomic and political contexts through empirical research. For the purpose of this analysis, ‘performance’ refers to a number of temporal kinesthetic actions of resilience that attempt to critique and interrogate sociopolitical narratives in public space. Through daily performative actions, groups of citizens attempt to rethink public space in order to confront newly urgent social needs and normalised behaviors. Cultural practitioners and urban activists, initiate performative actions as an attempt to demonstrate their resilience and capacity to adapt to austerity and crisis, pushing the boundaries of what public space can accommodate, examining complex social transformations in spatial terms.
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Wang, Shizhen, Huanchun Huang, Cui Hao, Lei Cao, and Ting Liu. "Sensitivity Microscale of Urban Heat Island Reduction by Green Space." Open House International 44, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2019-b0034.
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Green space is one of the main measures to alleviate urban heat islands (UHI). The transformation mechanism of daytime and nighttime scale sensitivity of vegetation coverage to reduce the UHI effect in a daily cycle has been unclear. As a result, we propose a scale sensitivity measurement algorithm to study the spatial and temporal response relationship between UHI and green coverage. Based on the scale theory of landscape ecology and the method of geostatistical analysis, we adopted ArcGIS, MATLAB, SPSS, and other data processing software as well as a large amount of measured and high-resolution satellite imagery data of Beijing and Tianjin to quantitatively study their spatial scale sensitivity and daily variation features of urban green spaces to reduce summer UHI. The results show that first, the green coverage rate and the UHI intensity experience positive and negative correlations during the daytime, and negative correlations at night. When the correlation coefficient is significant, there is a linear relationship between the UHI intensity and the core green rate. Second, the reduction of the UHI by green spaces displays spatial and temporal change scale sensitivity characteristics. The radius scale of daytime sensitivity is 15m, and the radius scale of nighttime sensitivity is 60m. The study's conclusion enriches the theoretical parameters of landscape ecological scales and patterns, and provides spatial and temporal scales for systematic planning of green space to reduce UHI.
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Shokri, Parvin, and Soudeh Shoarinejad. "Charging Systems of Electronic Devices in Urban Open Spaces, A Need Analysis and Design." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 6 (May 16, 2016): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n6p213.
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Development of open spaces and parks with a focus on improving service level and environmental quality is one of the principles of sustained urban planning and design. This is a significant step for creating optimum conditions that may make such urban resources available to the public and bring the citizens closer to the nature. Paying attention to psychological and physiological needs of citizens in designing urban furniture is a leading way to this objective. The daily individual and social lives have, evidently, come under strong influence of the advancements of electronic instruments and mobile communication and their numerous applications. This paper pays special attention to the need for charging stands in urban open spaces and parks to be used for charging common electronic instruments. The tool used in this study is a questionnaire designed with Likert scales. The data obtained in this analytical-descriptive study were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21.The results revealed a need for charging stands across City as part of the urban furniture. Considering sustainable development factors, a type of stand is designed for an urban park in Tehran.
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Donoso, Verônica Garcia, and Eugenio Fernandes Queiroga. "Promoting inequality through a lack of urban planning: urban growth in Latin America demonstrated by the examples of the Metropolitan Regions of São Paulo, Brazil, and Santiago, Chile / Promovendo a desigualdade pela falta de planejamento urbano: crescimento urbano na América Latina demonstrado pelos exemplos das Regiões Metropolitanas de São Paulo, Brasil, e Santiago, Chile,." Brazilian Journal of Development 8, no. 1 (January 18, 2022): 4880–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n1-324.
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This article gathers some research results about the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (RMSP), Brazil, and the Metropolitan Region of Santiago de Chile (RMS), Chile. The case studies were carried out during a PhD research analyzing the Brazilian and Chilean reality. It gathers geographical and historical analysis of each region. The article exposes some particularities of both realities considering not only the urban areas, but also the open spaces areas that still relates with countryside daily life. The results present information about the urban growth, highlighting the periods of high urban expansion. Moreover, it deals with the question, if a lack of urban planning is promoting inequality of social classes.
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Shrestha, Sadichchha, Rehana Shrestha, Reshma Shrestha, and Heike Köckler. "Understanding the Influence of Urban Form on the Physical Activity in the Open Spaces Using Photovoice Method." KEC Journal of Science and Engineering 7, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kjse.v7i1.60548.
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This study presents the photovoice approach, a participatory qualitative research tool to study the relationship between urban form and physical activity in urban open spaces. According to the World Health Organization, increased automation of daily tasks and work has decreased physical activity over recent years across all age groups. One of the significant factors that determines an active lifestyle is the way our cities are built and the urban environment is designed. This study investigates perceived beneficial or negative impact of built environment on the levels of physical activity that result for both individuals and communities.
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Akcali, Seyda, and Arzu Cahantimur. "The Pentagon Model of Urban Social Sustainability: An Assessment of Sociospatial Aspects, Comparing Two Neighborhoods." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 21, 2022): 4990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14094990.
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Social concerns have caused a critical rethinking of urban space in today’s society, with sociospatial issues at the forefront of discussions. This study aims to better understand the relationship between sociospatial aspects of urban space and social sustainability. We provide a pentagon model for urban social sustainability by identifying five dimensions: person (demographic and household characteristics), place (accessibility, social infrastructure, open spaces, and places for daily operations), people (sense of community, social relations, and social network), perception (sense of place, and security and safety), and process (participation, and future of space). The research methodology includes a spatial analysis, questionnaire survey, and statistical analyses, applied to two study areas in Izmir, Turkey. The findings show that the two study areas have significantly different scores in terms of social sustainability criteria. Residents who reported their neighborhood as being more accessible and having better places for daily operations indicated a higher sense of place and participation. Residents who rated their open spaces more highly reported better social relations and social networks, and greater security and safety. In addition, there are a variety of positive associations between indicators of social sustainability. The study summarizes the relationship between social sustainability indicators, followed by a discussion.
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Stapleton, Tadhg. "A Pilot Study Using the Life Space Assessment Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Ireland." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2336.
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Abstract Forty older adults (27, 67.5% female), mean age 74.3 years (range 65- 89), current drivers 31 (77.5%), 23 (57.5%) rural dwellers and 17 (42.5%) urban dwellers participated in the survey. Median LSA score was 74 (range 27-102). All participants were readily accessing life spaces within and immediately outside their own home. Over half (n=23, 57.5%) accessed spaces in their neighbourhood on a daily basis. Decreased frequency of access to spaces outside of local neighbourhood and town was noted. No significant difference in LSA scores between genders (P=0.549), current driving status (P=0.235), but urban dwellers had significantly higher LSA scores than rural dwellers (P=0.024). Spearman correlations found statistically significant negative correlation between age and LSA scores (rho= -0.445, P=0.004), and significant positive correlation between LSA and Euroqol (EQ) VAS scores (rho=0.405, P=0.010). Findings are limited by the small sample size but highlight decreasing frequency of wider community participation with increasing age.
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Durão, Susana, Erika Robb Larkins, and Carolina Andrei Fischmann. "SECURING THE MALL: DAILY HOSPITALITY SECURITY PRACTICES IN SÃO PAULO." Lua Nova: Revista de Cultura e Política, no. 114 (December 2021): 137–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-137174/114.
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Abstract Security-whether public or private-is a key tool for managing populations and integral for creating urban spaces. This paper examines how mall security practices in São Paulo work to create safe and clean worlds for customers, distinguishing it from an cityscape that is seen as violent, dangerous, and populated with criminals. Drawing on five months of ethnographic research and interviews with the security team of the “Rivertown” shopping center in São Paulo and various private security employees, we show how the mall is secured by means of a set of practices based on “hospitality security,” paying special attention to the key role that security guard behavior plays in this process.
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Liu, Zhilin, Yiming Tan, and Yanwei Chai. "Neighbourhood-scale public spaces, inter-group attitudes and migrant integration in Beijing, China." Urban Studies 57, no. 12 (November 12, 2019): 2491–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019879376.
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Cities worldwide face the challenge of persistent social polarisation that is exacerbated by the mass migration of populations. Scholars have debated whether the planning of public spaces, which presumably fosters inter-group encounter, potentially reduces prejudice against minorities such as migrants, and eventually promotes social inclusiveness. This research uses a large-scale questionnaire survey conducted in 36 neighbourhoods (estates) in Beijing, China, combined with field observations and interviews, to investigate whether the presence, perception and use of neighbourhood-scale spaces of encounter are relevant in predicting residents’ attitudes towards migrant social inclusion, particularly with respect to equal access to citizenship and government welfare. Qualitative and quantitative analyses found that residents’ inclusiveness attitude is less associated with the physical presence of public spaces and facilities in the neighbourhood, and more with actually using such spaces for neighbourly encounters in daily life. The findings echo recent critiques of the romanticised view of public spaces for urban encounters, and suggest that neighbourhood planning of public spaces should incorporate elements from social projects that facilitate meaningful interaction between native and migrant residents to achieve the goal of building an inclusive city.
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Molina, Diego. "Urban Spaces, Plants, and People in the Nineteenth-Century Bogotá, Colombia." Economic Botany 75, no. 3-4 (October 26, 2021): 268–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12231-021-09524-5.
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AbstractUrban Spaces, Plants, and People in the Nineteenth-Century Bogotá, Colombia. Despite recent efforts to understand the uses of plants in Latin American cities, we know little about ethnobotanical practices in the pre-industrial nineteenth-century urban environments of this region. In order to address this gap in the existing literature, I examined the uses of ornamental, edible, and medicinal plants alongside “non-timber forest products” (NTFPs) in daily life in Bogotá (Colombia) between 1830 and 1910. Primary and secondary data were collected from textual and iconographic historical sources in libraries, archives, museums, and herbaria in Colombia and the United Kingdom. The results suggest that access to urban spaces such as patios, solares, or adjacent ecosystems broadly defined the ways that people related to and used plants, which in turn illustrates how social hierarchies influenced botanical knowledge. This study represents an initial effort to explore the heretofore neglected history of ways of using plants in Latin American cities in the period immediately prior to their modernization.
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Xiaohui, LU, HE Quan, and LI Qi. "Survey and Optimization Design of Urban Public Space in China." Open House International 43, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2018-b0002.
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Significant differences exist in terms of use and demand of urban public space in different districts and communities. In this study, PSPL survey was made in about one year to investigate the type and occurring time of outdoor activities and the visitors' demand difference of Round-City-Park in Xi'an, China. The survey method for collecting data included spatial classification, photographic recording, field observation, questionnaires and interviews. Then a new method of Virtual Typical Day (VTD) was put forward to analyze usage pattern of public space in the daily life. According to our results, laying out more public spaces close to residential area can make a more vigorous city. And the results also reveal that there exist some problems of uneven usage periods in different spaces, various space requirement from different age groups, insufficient support of space and facilities and so on. Based on the survey, an optimizing strategy of adaptive design is proposed such as setting mobile “stage” and providing flexible “props” according to the changing demands. The proposed design approach can encourage people to participate in outdoor activities, improve usage frequency of public spaces, and stimulate vitality of the city. This may also apply to other Chinese cities.
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Shcheglovitova, Mariya. "Valuing plants in devalued spaces: Caring for Baltimore's Street trees." Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 3, no. 1 (June 2, 2019): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2514848619854375.
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Baltimore City, MD is addressing its future with expansive sustainability initiatives. These include an aggressive tree planting campaign to double the city's tree canopy by 2037. While discourses of greening present tree plantings and related programs as a resolution for the legacies of racist housing market practices, these programs are themselves subject to the legacies of spatial inequalities in access to infrastructural care. Sustainability discourses present urban trees as inherently valuable economically and environmentally but these discourses are disconnected from trees' needs for ongoing care and maintenance. The daily material practices of caring for and maintaining trees are deprioritized in favor of planting more trees to gain these supposedly “inherent” benefits. In the spaces where trees were meant to bring economic and environmental vitality, their deaths reinforce the racist legacies they claim to correct. This paper examines these links and contradictions within the framework of relational urban political ecology. Through a lens of care, this paper shows how humans and non/humans actively co-construct urban space and how just spaces can come about through attention to the needs of humans and non/humans.
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Lopes de Araújo, André, Nelson Silva da Cruz Júnior, Sara Dos Santos Santarém, and David Barbosa de Alencar. "Sustainable Urban Furniture Development Project Reusing Container." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss9.1730.
Full textAbstract:
The present work seeks the development of urban furniture: bus shelter using sustainable materials. For a model design to review a methodology of bibliographic research of shelter models Brazil and in the Municipality of Manaus, and later analysis of data found in our locality seeking to bring the problem lived daily by the population to select a final structuring of the Project. A bus shelter choice is tailored to environmental, ergometric and low-cost deployment and maintenance conditions in relation to existing shelters. A structuring of the project of inputs, a possibility to reuse materials, to implement clean energy, to design green constructions for the city, to facilitate transportation of furniture to various places and spaces for PNE.
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Savina, Zoya, Alina Ivakina, Diana Palamarchuk, and Alexander Smal. "Urban Space in the Everyday Practices of Citizens: The Case of Balaklava." Inter 15, no. 3 (September 29, 2023): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/inter.2023.15.3.3.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines the transformation of the urban environment of Balaklava, as part of the Balaklava district of Sevastopol, and its impact on the daily practices of citizens. Authors describe the perception of the reconstruction of Balaklava by local residents. In the course of the author's research (31 semi-structured interviews), it was found that the commercialization of urban spaces is taking place, which completely changes the type of city — from a closed military-industrial to an open tourist one. This is facilitated, among other things, by gentrification, which manifests itself in the gentrification of urban areas, the reconstruction of the city's waterfront and the adaptation of new spaces for tourism purposes. The everyday practices of citizens, which consist of professional duties, leisure and communication practices, are also undergoing changes, as they are influenced by urban space. In the course of the analysis, the informants were divided into three groups: dissatisfied, satisfied and indifferent, each of which has its own characteristics, but at the same time they all adapt to the changes that have occurred.