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1
Vilcāne, Ilona. "VOWEL PECULIARITIES ASSOCIATED WITH CULTUROHISTORICAL BOUNDARIES IN THE RUDZĀTI SUBDIALECT." Via Latgalica, no. 7 (March 22, 2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/latg2015.7.1216.
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<p><em>This article expands upon the findings of the paper presented at the 8<sup>th</sup> International Conference of Latgalistics. The study is based more generally upon the author’s study that forms the basis of the Master’s thesis “The culturohistorical circumstances of the development of the Rudzāti subdialect”.</em></p><p><em>The Rudzāti<sub>437</sub> subdialect is spoken in contemporary Līvāni municipality in the parish of Rudzāti, and also in section Z of Rožupe parish. The neighboring subdialect ZR is Atašiene<sub>432, </sub>ZA – Stirniene<sub>433</sub>, A – Preiļi<sub>439</sub>, D – Vārkava<sub>438</sub>, bet R – Līvāni<sub>436</sub> (see Figure 1).</em></p><p><em>Since geographic, economic or political circumstances have differentiated groups of people (In Latvia, the largest factor is in the development of dialects has been the allocation of territory to different manor estates, Rudzīte 2005: 15), the aim of the research is to clarify which culturohistorical boundaries crossed the territory of the Rudzāti dialect until it became a single parish in 1925, which neighboring dialects influenced its development, and whether this is reflected in contemporary phonetic material, especially in the dialect’s vowel sounds.</em></p><p><em>Interviews conducted for the 2010–2012 ESF project “Their nest, their land – Latvian rural population development strategy and cultural change” were used in the research (ESF 2010–2012). Three Rudzāti speakers from the ZA subdialect area were also interviewed (Speaker interviews, 2015).</em></p><p><em>The most important factor in the analysis of the characteristics of the Rudzāti<sub>437</sub> dialect was the gathering of the most accurate sociolinguistic information possible about the speakers. It was especially important to discern the places of birth and current residence of the speakers, in order to detect peculiarities in the “endpoints” of the Rudzāti<sub>437 </sub>dialect and isolate these. For this reason, it was also important to query the place of birth of speakers’ parents. Attention was also paid to each speaker’s religious confession and denomination. The Ošas river was used as a conditional boundary line during analysis of speaker material, because this was the boundary between the counties of Rēzekne and Daugavpils during the Russian Imperial period, and speakers of the dialect were grouped according to which side of the river their place of residence was located.</em></p><em>In the study, correlations to the vowels and diphthongs of standard Latvian were analyzed in the Rudzāti dialect in addition to vowel deletions, reductions and insertions in the final syllables. Special attention was paid to instances in which vowel and diphthong shifts indicated the possibility of intersections with isoglosses. Such differences were found in shifts of the standard Latvian vowels e, ā, ē, ū and the diphthong ei.</em>
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Romaguera, Salvador, and Pedro Tirado. "Characterizing Complete Fuzzy Metric Spaces Via Fixed Point Results." Mathematics 8, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8020273.
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With the help of C-contractions having a fixed point, we obtain a characterization of complete fuzzy metric spaces, in the sense of Kramosil and Michalek, that extends the classical theorem of H. Hu (see “Am. Math. Month. 1967, 74, 436–437”) that a metric space is complete if and only if any Banach contraction on any of its closed subsets has a fixed point. We apply our main result to deduce that a well-known fixed point theorem due to D. Mihet (see “Fixed Point Theory 2005, 6, 71–78”) also allows us to characterize the fuzzy metric completeness.
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da Empoli, Domenico. "Peart, S. - Levy, D. M. (eds), The Street Porter and the Philosopher – Conversations on Analytical Egalitarianism." Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 26, no. 2 (October 1, 2008): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569208x15664518308041.
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Abstract Peart, S. - Levy, D. M. (eds), 2008, The Street Porter and the Philosopher - Conversations on Analytical Egalitarianism, Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press, pp. 437, US$ 70.00, ISBN-13: 978-0-472-11644-7.
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Drakaki, Alexandra, Conor J. Kirby, Michiel Simon Van Der Heijden, Daniel Peter Petrylak, Thomas Powles, Kim N. Chi, Aude Flechon, et al. "Docetaxel with or without ramucirumab after immune checkpoint inhibition in platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC): Prespecified subgroup analysis from the phase 3 RANGE trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2018): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.434.
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434 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have shown objective response rates (ORR) of 15-21% in PD-L1 unselected patients (pts) with platinum-refractory mUC. Overall results of RANGE, a randomized, double-blinded phase 3 trial comparing ramucirumab and docetaxel (R+D) to placebo and docetaxel (P+D) in pts with platinum-refractory mUC demonstrated an ORR of 24.5% to R+D and a statistically significant improvement in progression free survival (PFS; median 4.07 vs 2.76 mo; HR 0.757). Here we present a pre-specified subgroup analysis of pts who received a prior ICI. Methods: RANGE enrolled pts with progressive mUC during or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Additional prior treatment with one ICI was permitted. Pts were randomized (1:1) to receive D 75 mg/m2 up to 10 cycles with R 10 mg/kg or P on day 1 of a 21-day cycle until disease progression or other discontinuation criteria. Primary endpoint, investigator-assessed PFS, was analyzed in the first 437 randomized pts. Secondary endpoints included overall survival, objective response, and safety. Radiographic assessment occurred every 6 weeks. Results: Thirty three of the 437 pts (8%) in the PFS population received a prior ICI. The majority (91%) received the ICI immediately following platinum and immediately prior to RANGE. Most pts received atezolizumab (55%) or pembrolizumab (36%); ORR to prior ICI was 6% and the majority (67%) had progressive disease as best response. Median duration of the ICI was 3.5 mo (IQR 1.6-5.2). Disease sites at entry onto RANGE included lymph node (79%), lung (48%), liver (39%) and bone (18%). At data cutoff, responses were achieved by 5/14 (35.7%) on R+D, compared to 2/19 (10.5%) on P+D. Responses to R+D were independent of disease site. Of pts with liver metastases, 3/8 responded to R+D compared to 0/5 on P+D. Overall, median PFS was 5.29 mo on R+D and 2.76 mo on P+D (HR 0.920). The frequency of grade ≥3 adverse events was similar between arms. Conclusions: Acknowledging limitations of sample size, R+D showed higher ORR than P+D in pts who had progressed on platinum and ICI therapy, including those with liver metastases. Clinical trial information: NCT02426125.
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Hassan, Mahmuda, Kona Chowdhury, BH Nazma Yasmeen, Hamidur Rahman, Masuma Khan, A. Mukti, and S. Roy. "Incidental diagnosis of combined deficiency of vitamin C and D in a child admitted with bronchiolitis." Northern International Medical College Journal 11, no. 1 (December 13, 2020): 435–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/nimcj.v11i1.50740.
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Several cases from developing countries has been reported either on isolated vitamin C or isolated vitamin D deficiency in the recent past. Though nutritional vitamin C deficiency is rare but recently there is re-emergence of vitamin D deficiency found in developed countries. Combined deficiency of vitamin C and D found in the same patient is very rare both in developed and developing countries. Our patient was admitted in Ad Din Women’s Medical College Hospital, Dhaka with bronchiolitis. She had a history of cough and cold for 5 days. She had fever and respiratory difficulty for the last 2 days. On physical examination, she had low grade fever, fast breathing, chest in drawing. She had also widening of the wrist and ankle joints but her parents were unaware of these changes. They thought these could be a normal phenomenon. We suspect Rickets on physical examination findings. The baby was very much irritable and we thought that it was due to cough, cold and difficult breathing (bronchiolitis). Combined vitamin C and D deficiency was an incidental finding in this case. Her X ray of wrist joints, lower limb including knee and ankle joints showed the features of combined deficiency of vitamin C and D.
Northern International Medical College Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 July 2019, Page 435-437
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Khanal, Ramesh C., and Chet R. Upreti. "Evaluation of Selected Species of Fodder Trees Cultivated for Feeding Ruminant Animals in the Hills of Nepal." Nepal Agriculture Research Journal 8 (November 24, 2014): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11600.
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Leaves and twigs from four species of tree fodders, Aetocarpus lakoocha (AL), bauhinia purpurea (BP), Garuga pinnata (GP) and Ficus sroxburghii (FR), cultivated widely for feeding ruminants in the hills of Nepal and maintained at the Agriculture Research Station (Goat), Bandipur were investigated for there chemical composition, and nutrient intake, digestibility, and growth rate in growing female goats. Differences occurred between species of tree fodders on nutrient composition, which contained 286, 342, 312, and 263 g/kg DM; 174, 98, 116 and 178 g/kg total ash; 137, 163, 140, and 119 g/kg CP; 440, 458, 437, and 451 g/kg NDF; 383, 407, 382, and 406 g/kg ADF; 177, 135, 181, and 143 g/kg ADL; 19.5, 21.6, 20.9, and 29.3 g/kg Ca; and 2.2, 2.8, 2.4, and 2.5 g/kg P on DM basis for AL, BP, GP, and FR, respectively. The DM intake was higher for goats fed AL (432 g/d) and GP (428 g/d) than BP (342 g/d) or FR (306 g/d). Nutrient digestibility was higher for goats fed AL and GP, except Ca, which was higher for goats fed FR. Similarly, highest daily weight gain was observed for goats fed AL (71 g/d) and GP (64 g/d) than either of BP (54 g/d) or FR (30 g/d). Overall, leaves and twigs from these tree fodders supported moderate growth, but may not be advisable for maximum production.Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 88-94DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11600
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Jalal, H., H. Stephen, D. F. Bibby, C. Sonnex, and C. A. Carne. "Molecular epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus and Chlamydia trachomatis among patients attending a genitourinary medicine clinic – will vaccines protect?" International Journal of STD & AIDS 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646207781568501.
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High-risk subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) are the main causative agents of cervical cancer, for which Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) may sometimes be a co-factor. Vaccines have been developed against some subtypes of human papillomavirus and a vaccine against CT is in development. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the subtypes of HPV and CT in genitourinary (GU) medicine clinic attenders. In total, 1000 consecutive patients attending the GU clinic participated in this anonymized point-prevalence study. Urethral swabs from 437 men and urethral plus cervical swabs as a single specimen from 563 women were tested for the subtypes of both organisms. Nested major outer membrane protein (MOMP) polymerase chain reaction detected CT chromosomal DNA in 44/437 (10%) of the men and 73/563 (13%) of the women. Genotypes E, F, and D were the most common. In all, 55/437 (13%) of men and 244/563 (43%) of women were infected with at least one high-risk HPV type. In conclusion, the new HPV vaccines, Gardasil and Cervarix, would have protected against 58% and 45%, respectively, of the high-risk subtypes found in women in this population. The rate of high-risk HPV infection (43%) found in women in this study raises concern.
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TROUVE, Antoine, and Kazuaki MURAKAMI. "Optimisations Techniques for the Automatic ISA Customisation Algorithm." IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E95-D, no. 2 (2012): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transinf.e95.d.437.
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Hingley, Richard, H. L. Moore, Jon E. Triscott, G. Wilson, P. J. Ashmore, H. E. M. Cool, D. Dixon, et al. "The excavation of two later Iron Age fortified homesteads at Aldclune, Blair Atholl, Perth & Kinross." Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 127 (November 30, 1998): 407–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.127.407.466.
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Two small `forts', probably large round houses, occupying a natural eminence and further defended by banks and ditches, were excavated in advance of road building. Construction began at Site 2 between the first and second centuries BC and at Site 1 between the second and third centuries AD. Two major phases of occupation were found at each site. There are notes on: `Natural topography and landuse' by I D Máté (411--12); `Charcoal identification' by R McCullagh (431--2); `Radiocarbon dates' by P J Ashmore (432--6); `Metalwork' (436--9), `Ceramics' (439), `Querns and worked stone' (439--44), all by H E M Cool; `Petrology of the stone artefacts' by D Dixon (445); `Chipped stone' by D Lehane (445); `Metalworking debris' by R M Spearman (445--6); `Animal bone' by F McCormick (446); and `Human bone' by K McSweeny [K McSweeney] (446).
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Ogawa, Koichi, Tomoya Kawaguchi, Yasuhiro Koh, Shun-Ichi Isa, Akihito Kubo, Masahiko Ando, Hideo Saka, et al. "Can smoking duration alone replace pack-years to predict the risk of smoking-related oncogenic mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e20017-e20017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e20017.
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e20017 Background: P has widely been used for the risk assessment of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We previously reported that mutations in KRAS, TP53, and EGFR were also associated with P from a prospective multicenter molecular epidemiology study (JME study; Kawaguchi T, J Clin Oncol 2016). Recently, D alone has been reported to provide stronger risk estimates of COPD than P. Here, we show the comparison of these two indices in predicting the risk of smoking-related oncogenic mutations in NSCLC, utilizing the database from the JME study including detailed smoking information and the mutational profile by next generation sequencing. Methods: In 439 ever- and 437 never-smokers, the frequency of mutations in KRAS, TP53 and EGFR were 9.4, 26.8 and 42.5%, respectively, and smoking-related cytosine to adenine base substitution (C > A) was observed in 12.7 % of cases. AUC values (area under the ROC curves) for logistic regression determined from P and D to predict the mutations or C > A change were compared, considering gender, age, stage and histology as covariates. Results: The median of P and D were 43 (1-189) and 41 (years, 1-65) in smokers, respectively. The AUC values in EGFR and KRAS were numerically higher than others, suggesting stronger association with smoking. There was no significant difference in AUC values between P and D in TP53, EGFR and C > A, and P was a significantly better estimate of KRAS mutations (table). Conclusions: P remains the standard method to evaluate the risk of oncogenic mutations in NSCLC. D, however, warrants further investigation as a simpler alternative to P.[Table: see text]
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Mandlik, Rubina, Dipali Ladkat, and Anuradha Khadilkar. "Contribution of Vitamin D Metabolites to Vitamin D Concentrations of Families Residing in Pune City." Nutrients 15, no. 8 (April 21, 2023): 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15082003.
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The objective was to explore the patterns of contribution from vitamin D metabolites (D2 and D3) to total vitamin D concentrations in Indian families. This cross-sectional study was carried out in slum-dwelling families residing in Pune city. Data on demography, socio-economic status, sunlight exposure, anthropometry, and biochemical parameters (serum 25OHD2, 25OHD3) via the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method were collected. The results are presented for 437 participants (5 to 80 years). One-third were vitamin-D-deficient. Intake of foods containing vitamin D2 or D3 was rarely reported. Irrespective of gender, age, and vitamin D status, the contribution of D3 to total 25OHD concentrations far exceeded that of D2 (p < 0.05). The contribution of D2 ranged from 8% to 33% while that of D3 to 25OHD concentrations ranged from 67% to 92%. 25OHD3 is a major contributor to overall vitamin D concentrations, and the contribution of 25OHD2 was found to be negligible. This implies that sunlight and not diet is currently the major source of vitamin D. Considering that lifestyle and cultural practices may lead to insufficient sunlight exposure for large sections of the society, especially women, dietary contribution to vitamin D concentrations through fortification may play an important role in improving the vitamin D status of Indians.
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Karamanos, R. E., D. N. Flaten, and F. C. Stevenson. "Real differences – A lesson from an agronomist's perspective." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 2 (March 2014): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-1681.
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Karamanos, R., Flaten, D. N. and Stevenson, F. C. 2014. Real differences – Lessons from an agronomist's perspective. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 433–437. An experiment including a two penny treatment and an untreated check was established to show that implausible differences can be a statistical reality. An individual crop by location analysis showed that two pennies significantly (P<0.05) increased canola yield at one of the 19 locations, nearly (0.05<P<0.18) affected canola yield at one other location. A combined mixed model analysis showed that canola yield significantly increased by a small amount (0.1 t ha−1) with two pennies, whereas, a similar mixed model that accounted for residual variance heterogeneity showed that two pennies did not affect crop yield. Our results confirmed that the effect of a treatment not expected to cause a meaningful difference can be detected The results also highlight the importance of modeling all sources of variance, designing more efficient experiments, scrutinizing the size of treatment differences, and choosing an appropriate level of significance to ensure that only real differences are detected.
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Abamila, Nahom, Tesfamichael Agago, and Muluneh Garedew. "Disrespect and abusive maternity care and associated factors in the labor and delivery wards of public health facilities in Assosa Zone, Ethiopia." Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health 14, no. 01 (February 1, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.69614/ejrh.v14i01.534.
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Background: Disrespect & abuse during maternity care significantly affects a woman's decision to look for service and the quality of care she receives. Yet, its burden is not well identified in the developing regions of Ethiopia, specifically in the study area. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 437 sampled mothers who attended labor and delivery wards of public health facilities of the Assosa zone were recruited using a systematic random sampling method. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence of D&A was 350 (82.4%). The most reported types of D&A were non?consented care (68.0%), non-confidentiality (35.5%), and physical harm (33.6%). Conclusions: The prevalence of D&A was high. Hence, health facility managers, professionals, and other development partners should aim to make healthcare facilities more client-centered and attuned to the community's needs for safe maternity care. Keywords: Disrespect; Abusive care; Mistreatment; Childbirth; Maternity care.
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AVCI, Emin. "WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY INTENSITY." IEDSR Association 6, no. 16 (November 15, 2021): 214–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46872/pj.422.
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Several studies in literature presented that technology intensity firms, which are also assumed as R&D intensive ones, are holding more liquid assets, especially cash, compared to other firms. This study investigates possible differences, which are born by tendency of holding more liquid assets in technology intensive firms, in working capital management policies in emerging markets. 437 firms from 15 emerging countries have been analyzed by the use of Kuruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests. The results revealed that technology intensive firms have been following different and more aggressive working capital management policies compared to less technology intensive ones.
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Rosenberg, Jonathan E., Se Hoon Park, Tu V. Dao, Daniel E. Castellano, Jian-Ri Li, Som Mukherjee, Kathryn Howells, et al. "BAYOU: A phase II, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, study of durvalumab (D) in combination with olaparib (O) for the first-line treatment of platinum-ineligible patients with unresectable, stage IV urothelial carcinoma (UC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2022): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.6_suppl.437.
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437 Background: The prognosis for patients (pts) with advanced UC remains poor, particularly for those unable to tolerate platinum-based chemotherapy. Defects in DNA damage repair (e.g., mutations in homologous recombination repair [HRR] genes) are common in UC and render tumor cells sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition. HRR gene mutations (HRRm) and PARP inhibition may enhance the antitumor response of immune checkpoint inhibitors. We conducted a randomized phase II study to evaluate D (anti–PD-L1) in combination with O (a PARP inhibitor) or placebo (P) as a first-line treatment for platinum-ineligible pts with unresectable, stage IV UC (BAYOU; NCT03459846). Methods: Eligible pts were an age of ³18 years with an ECOG performance status (PS) of 0, 1, or 2, histologically or cytologically confirmed transitional cell carcinoma, and who had not received prior systemic therapy for unresectable, stage IV disease. Pts were randomized 1:1 to receive D (1500 mg IV q4w) plus O (orally at 300 mg BID) vs D (1500 mg IV q4w) plus O-matching placebo (P). Pts were stratified according to centrally-determined HRR status (mutant vs wild-type) and Bajorin risk index (a composite of visceral metastases and ECOG PS [0, 1 vs 2]). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by RECIST v1.1 (investigator assessed) in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) in the ITT population and PFS in the subset of pts with HRRm. The data cutoff occurred on October 15, 2020. Results: A total of 154 pts were randomized to receive D+O (n = 78) or D+P (n = 76). Among all randomized pts at baseline, 17%, 42%, and 40% had an ECOG PS of 0, 1, or 2, respectively, and 20% had an HRRm. Median PFS was not significantly different between D+O and D+P in the ITT population (Table). In the subset of pts with HRRm, median PFS was 5.6 months in the D+O group and 1.8 months in the D+P group (Table). In the ITT population, median OS (95% CI) was 10.2 months (7.0–13.9) in the D+O group and 10.7 months (7.2–17.3) in the D+P group (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.72–1.61). Among all treated pts, grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 18% and 9% in the D+O and D+P groups, respectively, with one death due to anemia in the D+P group. Conclusions: The BAYOU study did not meet its primary endpoint. However, the results of pre-planned secondary analyses suggest a potential role for PARP inhibition in UC pts harboring HRRm. No new safety signals were observed. Clinical trial information: NCT03459846. [Table: see text]
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Rombough, Peter J. "Initial Egg Weight, Time to Maximum Alevin Wet Weight, and Optimal Ponding Times for Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-036.
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Eggs of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were segregated into eight size groups (range 163–437 mg) and incubated at 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 °C. The time required to reach maximum alevin wet weight (MAWW) varied significantly (p < 0.01) both with mean incubation temperature (T °C) and with initial egg weight (W mg). A good (R2 = 98.4%, n = 21) prediction of days postfertilization to MAWW (D) is given by[Formula: see text]Optimal ponding times are closely associated with the attainment of MAWW and can be estimated using this equation. Data relating mean incubation temperatures (T) to actual ponding time were collected from 17 hatcheries throughout British Columbia. The equation[Formula: see text]where D′ is days postfertilization to ponding, provided the best fit to the data (R2 = 97.5%, n = 85). Hatchery ponding times were not significantly different from times to MAWW predicted for 200-mg eggs.
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Khan, Israr Ahmad. "Classification of Abrogation in the Qur’an." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 23, no. 4 (July 1, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v23i4.445.
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Most classical-era Qur’anic studies scholars, among then Abu `Ubayd al-Qasim ibn Sallam (d. 224 AH), Makki ibn Abi Talib (d. 437 AH), Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi (d. 597 AH), Badr al-Din al- Zarkashi (d. 794 AH), and Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d. 911 AH) were enthusiastic supporters of the theory of abrogation. They claimed that the Qur’an contains three types of abrogation1: suspension of certain verses’ practical dimension only, expurgation of both the verses and their rulings, and exclusion of the verses even though their rulings are still valid. To substantiate their approach, they advanced hadiths comprising statements supposedly made by both the Companions (Sahabah) and the Followers (Tabi`un). A rational and critical scrutiny of these hadiths will reveal whether they can form the basis of such arguments. I will check the nature of these hadiths’ chains of narrators and weigh the views attributed to early Muslim scholars against reason. As regards the first category, several of my articles on these arguments have been published elsewhere.2 This article, which examines the remaining two categories, consists of two dimensions: applying the hadith criticism principle to these hadiths and checking their information in a rational manner.
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Khan, Israr Ahmad. "Classification of Abrogation in the Qur’an." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 4 (July 1, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i4.445.
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Most classical-era Qur’anic studies scholars, among then Abu `Ubayd al-Qasim ibn Sallam (d. 224 AH), Makki ibn Abi Talib (d. 437 AH), Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Jawzi (d. 597 AH), Badr al-Din al- Zarkashi (d. 794 AH), and Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d. 911 AH) were enthusiastic supporters of the theory of abrogation. They claimed that the Qur’an contains three types of abrogation1: suspension of certain verses’ practical dimension only, expurgation of both the verses and their rulings, and exclusion of the verses even though their rulings are still valid. To substantiate their approach, they advanced hadiths comprising statements supposedly made by both the Companions (Sahabah) and the Followers (Tabi`un). A rational and critical scrutiny of these hadiths will reveal whether they can form the basis of such arguments. I will check the nature of these hadiths’ chains of narrators and weigh the views attributed to early Muslim scholars against reason. As regards the first category, several of my articles on these arguments have been published elsewhere.2 This article, which examines the remaining two categories, consists of two dimensions: applying the hadith criticism principle to these hadiths and checking their information in a rational manner.
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Timchenko, N., D. R. Wilson, L. R. Taylor, S. Abdelsayed, M. Wilde, M. Sawadogo, and G. J. Darlington. "Autoregulation of the human C/EBP alpha gene by stimulation of upstream stimulatory factor binding." Molecular and Cellular Biology 15, no. 3 (March 1995): 1192–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.15.3.1192.
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The human C/EBP alpha gene promoter shares significant sequence homology with that of the mouse but has a different mechanism of autoregulation. Activation of the murine promoter by direct binding of C/EBP alpha to a site within 200 bp of the transcriptional start was shown to elevate activity by approximately threefold (R. J. Christy, K. H. Kaestner, D. E. Geiman, and M. D. Lane, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:2593-2597, 1991; K. Legraverend, P. Antonson, P. Flodby, and K. G. Xanthapoulos, Nucleic Acids Res. 21:1735-1742, 1993). Unlike its murine counterpart, the human C/EBP alpha gene promoter does not contain a cis element that binds the C/EBP alpha protein. Neither C/EBP alpha nor C/EBP beta (NF-Il-6) binds the human C/EBP alpha promoter within 437 bp. However, cotransfection studies show that C/EBP alpha stimulates transcription of a reporter gene driven by 437 bp of the C/EBP alpha promoter. Our studies show that the human C/EBP alpha protein stimulates USF to bind to a USF consensus element within C/EBP alpha promoter and activates it by two- to threefold. We propose that the human gene employs the ubiquitously expressed DNA-binding protein factor USF to carry out autoregulation. Autoregulation of the human C/EBP alpha promoter was abolished by deletion of the USF binding site, CACGTG. Expression of human C/EBP beta following transfection did not stimulate USF binding. These studies suggest a mechanism whereby tissue-specific autoregulation can be achieved via a trans-acting factor that is expressed in all cell types. Thus, direct binding of the C/EBP alpha protein to the promoter of the C/EBP alpha gene is not required for autoregulation.
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Perreault, Maude, Caroline J. Moore, Gerhard Fusch, Koon K. Teo, and Stephanie A. Atkinson. "Factors Associated with Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration in Two Cohorts of Pregnant Women in Southern Ontario, Canada." Nutrients 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11010123.
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Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy is widely reported, but whether this applies in North America is unclear since no population-based surveys of vitamin D status in pregnancy exist in Canada or the United States. The objectives were to assess (i) the intake and sources of vitamin D, (ii) vitamin D status, and (iii) factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) concentration in two cohorts of pregnant women from Southern Ontario, Canada, studied over a span of 14 years. Maternal characteristics, physical measurements, fasting blood samples and nutrient intake were obtained at enrolment in 332 pregnant women from the Family Atherosclerosis Monitoring In early Life (FAMILY) study and 191 from the Be Healthy in Pregnancy (BHIP) study. Serum 25-OHD was measured by LC/MS-MS. The median (Q1, Q3) total vitamin D intake was 383 IU/day (327, 551) in the FAMILY study and 554 IU/day (437, 796) in the BHIP study. Supplemental vitamin D represented 64% of total intake in participants in FAMILY and 78% in BHIP. The mean (SD) serum 25-OHD was 76.5 (32.9) nmol/L in FAMILY and 79.7 (22.3) nmol/L in BHIP. Being of European descent and blood sampling in the summer season were significantly associated with a higher maternal serum 25-OHD concentration. In summary, health care practitioners should be aware that vitamin D status is sufficient in the majority of pregnant Canadian women of European ancestry, likely due to sun exposure.
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Callam, M. "Practical computing for healthcare professionals. D. Sellu. 235 × 155 mm. Pp 437. Illustrated. 1994. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. £25." British Journal of Surgery 82, no. 4 (April 1995): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800820456.
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Chia, Jean-San, Czau-Siung Yang, and Jen-Yang Chen. "Functional Analyses of a Conserved Region in Glucosyltransferases of Streptococcus mutans." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 10 (October 1, 1998): 4797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.10.4797-4803.1998.
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ABSTRACT Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases (GTFs; GtfB, -C, and -D) synthesize water-soluble and -insoluble glucan polymers from sucrose. We have identified previously a conserved region of 19 amino acids (aa) (Gtf-P1; aa 409 to 427 of GtfB and aa 435 to 453 of GtfC) which is functionally important for both enzymatic activity and bacterial adherence. Monoclonal antibodies directed against Gtf-P1 selectively inhibited insoluble glucan synthesis by GtfB and -C but had no effect on soluble glucan synthesis by GtfD, suggesting that despite an apparent near identity of sequence, corresponding residues may function differently in these enzymes. To test this hypothesis, we used different strategies of mutagenesis to analyze amino acid residues of GtfB and GtfC in Gtf-P1. In-frame insertion of 6 amino acids preceding, or deletion of 14 amino acids within, this conserved region abolished the enzymatic activities of both GtfB and GtfC. Substitution of several residues in combination by random mutagenesis resulted in GtfB, but not GtfC, enzymes exhibiting decreased glucan synthesis and reduced rates of sucrose hydrolysis. Amino acid substitutions of Asp residues in GtfB or GtfC were found to be more critical for enzymatic activity than at other positions of this region. Interestingly, single mutation at Asp411 or Asp413 of GtfB resulted in enzymes retaining about 20% of wild-type activity, whereas mutagenesis of the corresponding Asp at position 437 or 439 in GtfC resulted in complete loss of enzymatic activity. Furthermore, single amino acid substitution of a Val residue between the two Asp residues enhanced the sucrase- and glucan-synthesizing activities of GtfB and GtfC. These results confirmed the report from another laboratory that Asp residues in the Gtf-P1 region are essential for enzymatic catalysis and provide new evidence that identical residues may function differently in closely related Gtf enzymes.
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Meoli, Martina, Franco Muggli, Sebastiano A. G. Lava, Mario G. Bianchetti, Carlo Agostoni, Claudine Kocher, Thomas W. Bührer, Letizia Ciliberti, Giacomo D. Simonetti, and Gregorio P. Milani. "Vitamin D Status in Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051467.
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Vitamin D has been claimed to be effective in the response to infections, including the respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is supposed that lockdown measures and fear of SARS-CoV-2 infection might reduce vitamin D levels through the modification of lifestyle. However, very few data exist on the association between lockdown measures and vitamin D status in humans. For this cross-sectional comparative study, adolescents (n = 298) aged 18 to 19 years were enrolled during the compulsory military fitness-for-duty evaluation between July and December 2020 in Southern Switzerland. Beyond anthropometric measurements, participants filled in a structured questionnaire about their lifestyle and a blood specimen was sampled for the determination of total 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. The obtained data were compared with those of 437 adolescents enrolled at the military fitness-for-duty evaluation during the same period of the year in the context of the CENERI study (2014–2016). The anthropometric measures were similar between the two study groups. The levels of vitamin D were also comparable (77 (64–91) vs. 74 (60–92) nmol/L, p = 0.50; median and interquartile range). A total of 38 (13%) and 43 (9.8%) subjects presented insufficient (<50 nmol/L) levels of vitamin D (p = 0.42) during the current pandemic and in the CENERI study, respectively. These data do not support the hypothesis that during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, late adolescents are at higher risk of vitamin insufficiency.
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Vilchinskaya, N. A., O. V. Turtikova, T. M. Mirzoev, and B. S. Shenkman. "DIFFERENTIATION OF MYOBLASTS ISOLATED FROM RAT'S M. SOLEUS FOLLOWING TAIL-SUSPENSION IS ACCOMPANIED BY P27KIP1 DEPHOSPHORYLATION AND AGGRAVATION OF APOPTOSIS." Aerospace and Environmental Medicine 57, no. 6 (2023): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2023-57-6-44-51.
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Apoptosis and its control during differentiation of primary myoblasts isolated from rat soleus muscle after 7-d tail suspension were investigated. Primary myoblasts were first subjected to myogenic differentiation. TUNEL labeling of double-strand DNA breaks was applied to detect apoptotic cells during myoblast differentiation. Western blot was used to determine the apoptosis markers and a number of signaling molecules, i.e. protein BAX, activated caspase-3, phospho-AMPK (Thr172), phospho-AKT (Ser 437), phospho-p27Kip1 (Thr198), phospho-p27Kip1 (Thr157). PCR analysis was used to investigate the expression of pro-apoptotic markers in myoblasts. The investigation showed enhancement of apoptosis as well as АМРК and p27Kip1 dephosphorylation in the process of differentiation of myoblasts taken from m. soleus of tail-suspended rats.
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Timpe, H. J. "Polymer photophysics. Hrsg. Phillips, D, 437 S., 150 Abb., 23 Tab., London, New York: Chapman and Hall 1985. Hartband." Journal f�r Praktische Chemie 331, no. 6 (1989): 1018–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19893310620.
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Jourdan, Eric, Françoise Rigal-Huguet, Gérald Marit, Norbert Vey, Nicole Dastugue, Nathalie Fegueux, Lysiane Molina, et al. "A Second Course of High-Dose Cytarabine before Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Does Not Improve Outcome of Young Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients in First Complete Remission: Results of the BGMT 95 Study." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 5194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.5194.5194.
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Abstract Background. Once complete remission (CR) is achieved in young (18–60) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients (pts), the main question is about the best post remission treatment. For pts not eligible for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (AlloBMT) high-dose cytarabine-based chemotherapy (HiDAC) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an interesting option. However, the number of courses of cytarabine to apply before ASCT is not determined. The aim of this randomized study was to evaluate the impact of a second HiDAC before ASCT. Pts and methods. Pts received an induction by daunorubicine 60 mg/m2/d 3d + cytarabine 100 mg/m2/d (CI) 10 d. followed by a consolidation based on cytarabine 50 mg/m2/12h SC 7d + daunorubicine 60 mg/m2/d 2d. Pts < 45 with a sibling donor had an alloBMT (cyclophosphamide 60 mg/kg IV 2d + fractionated TBI 12 Gy). The others had a superconsolidation (cytarabine 3 g/m2/12h IV 4d + daunorubicine 45 mg/m2/d) followed by stem cell collection (either BM or PBSC). Then was the randomization between ASCT (busulfan 4 mg/kg/d po 4d + melphalan 140 mg/m2 on d5) immediately (SC1 group) or after 1 more course of HiDAC (cytarabine 3 g/m2/12h IV 4d) (SC2 group). Results. Between 05.1995 and 02.2001 a total of 437 pts entered the study. The median age of these pts (M/F = 238/199) was 47 years (18–60) with 203 of them under 45. Median WBC count was 12.5 (0.2–335) and WBC was > 30 109/L for 140 pts. The FAB distribution was: M1/M2 = 227; M4/M5 = 151; M0/M6/M7 = 59. The cytogenetics risk groups distribution was: low risk = 56 (13.8%); intermediate risk = 265 (65.4%); high risk = 84 (20.8%). CR was achieved in 2 courses for 46 pts (10.5 %). Out of the 437 initial pts, 351 achieved CR (80 %), 65 were eligible for alloBMT, 277 for randomization, and 128 were randomized (65 for SC1, 63 for SC2). The only difference between randomized and non-randomized pts was for number of course to achieve CR (7 % vs 16.8 % respectively, p = .01). This turn into a difference for cumulative incidence of non relapse deaths (CINRD) (8.7 % vs 20.6 % ; p = .01) but not for cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR). Overall survival (OS), leukemia free survival (LFS) and CIR and CINRD were 57.7, 50.9, 35.5, 19.9 for alloBMT. For SC1/SC2 results were : 41.3/53.7 for OS (p = .10), 39.2/49.6 for LFS (p = .11), 56.7/45.1 for CIR (p = .08), 8.5/8.4 for CINRD (p = .95). Multivariate analysis for LFS showed the independent impact of initial WBC count, cytogenetics and number of course to achieve CR. However, type of treatment (SC1 vs SC2) had no impact on LFS (p = .41). This lead us to conclude that one course of HiDAC was enough before ASCT despite the rather low proportion of randomized pts.
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Myka-Raduj, Anna, Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski, Tadeusz Siwiec, and Waldemar Raduj. "Changes of Water Consumption in a Forester’s Lodge in Polesie National Park (Poland)—Case Study." Water 15, no. 17 (September 4, 2023): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15173157.
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The object of the present study was to analyse water consumption in a four-person household (park employee housing) located in the village of Kulczyn in Polesie National Park (PNP) in Poland. The wastewater from the buildings was discharged to a hybrid constructed wetland integrated into a closed-loop water system. As part of the study, seasonal, weekly, and daily changes in water consumption and the amount of water used to flush the toilets were determined over a period of one year. It was shown that the average daily water consumption in the entire house was 437 L/d, or 109 L/p/d (litres/person/day). The average daily water consumption per capita was, therefore, similar to that reported for Poland by the European Commission and much lower than that reported for Western European countries (150–250 L/p/d). The highest water withdrawals were recorded in the spring season (March–May) at 117–122 L/p/d, and the lowest in the holiday month of July—88 L/p/d. The highest water consumption levels during the week were recorded on Saturdays—an average of 136 L/p/d, and the lowest on Wednesdays—an average of 92 L/p/d. During the 24 h of a day, the highest water withdrawals were observed late in the evening (10–11 pm) and periodically in the morning (around 10 am), on weekends, and during the holiday period (July and August). It was shown that the amount of water used to flush toilets represented on average about 20% of the total amount of water consumed. This indicates that approximately 88 L/d of water was used to flush the toilets in the homestead under study.
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Harvey, Kelsey, Reinaldo F. Cooke, Eduardo Colombo, Bruna Rett, Osvaldo Sousa, Lorin Harvey, Jason Russell, Ky G. Pohler, and Alice Brandão. "PSXIII-17 Supplementing organic-complexed or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn to beef cows during gestation: post-weaning responses of offspring reared as replacement heifers or feeder cattle." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.774.
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Abstract Beef cows and their progeny were used to evaluate the effects of supplementing organic-complexed or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn during gestation: on offspring reared as replacement heifers or feeder cattle. Non-lactating, pregnant beef cows (n = 190) were ranked by parity, pregnancy type, body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS), at 117 ± 2.2 d of gestation (d 0) and assigned to receive a supplement containing: 1) sulfate sources of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (INR; n = 95) or 2) an organic complexed source of Cu, Mn, Co, and Zn (AAC; Availa®4; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN; n = 95). From d 0 to calving, cows were maintained in a single pasture and individually offered treatments three times a week. Calves were weaned at 6 mo of age (d 367) and preconditioned for 45-d. Heifer puberty status was verified weekly (d 437 to d 619) based on plasma progesterone concentrations. Steer calves were shipped to a commercial feedlot on d 493, where they were managed as a single group until slaughter (d 724). Plasma cortisol concentration was greater (P = 0.05) in AAC calves at weaning but tended to be less (P = 0.10) on d 370 compared with INR calves. Mean plasma haptoglobin concentration was greater (P = 0.03) in INR vs. AAC calves during preconditioning, and no treatment effects were noted (P = 0.76) for preconditioning average daily gain (ADG). Puberty attainment was hastened in AAC heifers during the experiment (treatment × day; P < 0.01), despite similar (P = 0.39) ADG between treatments from d 412 to 620. No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.24) for steer ADG from d 412 until slaughter, nor for carcass quality traits. Therefore, supplementing Co, Cu, Zn, and Mn as organic complexed instead of sulfate sources to beef cows during the last 5 mo of gestation did not improve performance of steer progeny until slaughter, but hastened puberty attainment in female progeny reared as replacement heifers.
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Kim, Hyekyoung, Aaron C. Daugherty, Sana Mujahid, Isaac I. Hakim, Anjali Pandey, Inyong Bae, and Jinhwa Lee. "Abstract 437: Computational discovery and preclinical validation of therapeutic leads with novel MOAs for Glioblastoma." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-437.
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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, highly invasive tumor that has a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%, with median survival of approximately 15 months. Treatment options for patients with GBM are relatively unchanged over the past two decades. We present results from our early-stage GBM drug discovery program enabled by Symphony™, Aria Pharmaceutical’s artificial intelligence (AI) platform. Using patient-derived, unconnected multimodal data and a select chemical library of over 2 million characterized molecules as input, our AI platform built an interpretable in silico model of GBM disease biology and identified novel, high-value drug discovery hits with known pharmacological properties. Nine molecules with unique and novel MOAs (not clinically evaluated for GBM) were identified as drug discovery hits and evaluated in preclinical efficacy studies. Six out of the nine molecules showed anti-proliferative activity in 4 different GBM cell lines (U87MG, LN18, A172, and U118MG) (Table 1). The MOAs showing efficacy in this initial study were validated in a colony formation assay. Three target classes, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitor (MK8245 and MF-438), dual tyrosine-regulated kinase 3 (DYRK3) inhibitor (GSK626616), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor (XL-888) potently inhibited colony formation in a 3D cell culture system. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that MF-438 had good metabolic stability and lower predicted clearance in human and mouse liver microsome assays. Further, MF-438 showed good exposure in plasma and brain extract (brain-to-plasma ratio of 2.2). SCD is a lipogenic enzyme that plays a key role in tumor lipid metabolism and membrane architecture and is often up-regulated in cancer. These studies demonstrate that the SCD1 inhibitor MF-438 can serve as a valuable tool compound that warrants further investigation as a potential treatment for GBM. Table 1. Molecules assessed in GBM cell lines Molecule Mechanism of Action (MOA) Proliferation Assay 3D Colony Formation Assay AS-605240 Phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK), and CDC like kinase (CLK1) inhibitor Positive Not tested (GSK626616 selected to investigate DYRK inhibition) GSK626616 Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) 3 inhibitor Not tested Positive Anilinopyrimidine1 Aurora A kinase (AURKA) and Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) inhibitor Positive Negative Entospletinib Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitor Negative Not tested T0901317 Liver X receptor (LXR) inhibitor Positive Negative MK-8245 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitor Positive Positive MK-438 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitor Not tested Positive Nedocromil Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CYSLTR1) and 2 (CYSLTR2) inhibitor Negative Not tested DB07268 c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1) inhibitor Positive Negative PF-670462 Casein kinase 1-e (CSNK1E) and 1-d (CSNK1D) inhibitor Negative Not tested XL888 Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor Positive Positive Citation Format: Hyekyoung Kim, Aaron C. Daugherty, Sana Mujahid, Isaac I. Hakim, Anjali Pandey, Inyong Bae, Jinhwa Lee. Computational discovery and preclinical validation of therapeutic leads with novel MOAs for Glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 437.
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Nittono, Hiroshi, Shiri Lieber-Milo, and Joshua P. Dale. "Cross-Cultural Comparisons of the Cute and Related Concepts in Japan, the United States, and Israel." SAGE Open 11, no. 1 (January 2021): 215824402098873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020988730.
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An online survey was conducted to clarify the connotative meanings of the cute and the attitudes toward cuteness in three countries: Japan ( n = 1,000), the United States ( n = 718), and Israel ( n = 437). The results show a remarkable resemblance in respondents’ conceptions of the cute ( kawaii in Japanese and hamud in Hebrew) across countries. Except for slight cultural differences, the following common tendencies were found: (a) Cuteness is highly appreciated and believed to induce positive affective responses, (b) women tend to find things cute more frequently and strongly than men do, (c) animal babies are thought to be cuter than human babies, and (d) infants are found to be cuter when people get older, while older people generally show less positive attitudes toward cuteness. This study provides some evidence that the concept of cuteness and the feelings connected to its perception are universal.
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Knyazeva, T. M., and I. A. Klassen. "Socio-psychological aspects of the problem of alcoholism." Kazan medical journal 70, no. 5 (October 15, 1989): 373–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj101491.
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During the last decades a great number of clinical, psychological and socio-psychological publications have appeared which consider not only the personal features of patients with alcoholism, but also the influence of some or other environmental factors on alcoholism formation, its course and therapy. V. N. Tikhonov and D. Y. Donskoi, in their examination of 437 patients with alcoholism, revealed the influence of production factors on the development of alcoholism. I.D. Muratova and P.I. Sidorov identified as "threatened contingents" among adolescents those with asocial forms of behavior, those brought up in an incomplete family or in a family with alcoholics, with pedagogical or social neglect, asocial company, idleness of behavior, one-sidedness of hobbies etc. A number of studies have pointed to a certain role of conflict factors in the emergence of alcoholism in the family.
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Gnas, Jessica, Daniel Müllensiefen, and Franzis Preckel. "Was denken Musikschullehrkräfte über musikalisch hochbegabte Schülerinnen und Schüler?" Beiträge empirischer Musikpädagogik 11 (September 6, 2020): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.62563/bem.v2020182.
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Im Schulkontext fallen Annahmen von Lehrkräften über Hochbegabte oft entsprechend des sogenannten Disharmoniestereotyps aus, d. h. Hochbegabte werden im Leistungsbereich positiver als nicht Hochbegabte bewertet, jedoch gleichzeitig und fälschlicherweise negativer hinsichtlich ihres Verhaltens und ihrer Persönlichkeit. Eine Forschungslücke zeigt sich für eine mögliche Stereotypisierung musikalisch Hochbegabter durch Musikschullehrkräfte. Daher wurden in dieser Studie Annahmen von 212 Musikschullehrkräften über musikalisch hochbegabte Schülerinnen und Schüler in einem experimentellen Design erfasst. In kurzen Schülerbeschreibungen (Fallvignetten) wurden Begabung (hochbegabt vs. durchschnittlich begabt) und Geschlecht (männlich vs. weiblich) einer Schülerperson zwischen den Musikschullehrkräften zufällig variiert. Die Datenauswertung erfolgte mittels multivariater Varianz- und Diskriminanzanalysen. Musikalisch hochbegabte Schülerinnen und Schüler wurden in Leistungs- und Verhaltensmerkmalen und teilweise auch in Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen entsprechend des Disharmoniestereotyps eingeschätzt (η²p = .287 bis .437). Die Befunde waren unabhängig vom Geschlecht der Schülerperson. Implikationen für die musikpädagogische Praxis werden diskutiert.
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Bolzetta, Francesco, Nicola Veronese, Brendon Stubbs, Marianna Noale, Alberto Vaona, Jacopo Demurtas, Stefano Celotto, et al. "The Relationship between Dietary Vitamin K and Depressive Symptoms in Late Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Large Cohort Study." Nutrients 11, no. 4 (April 5, 2019): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040787.
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Few studies assessed the associations between dietary vitamin K and depressive symptoms. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary vitamin K and depressive symptoms in a large cohort of North American People. In this cross-sectional analysis, 4,375 participants that were aged 45–79 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were included. Dietary vitamin K intake was collected through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and categorized in quartiles. Depressive symptoms were diagnosed using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) ≥ 16. To investigate the associations between vitamin K intake and depressive symptoms, logistic regression analysis were run, which adjusted for potential confounders. Overall, 437 (=10%) subjects had depressive symptoms. After adjusting for 11 confounders, people with the highest dietary vitamin K intake had lower odds of having depressive symptoms (OR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.43–0.80). This effect was only present in people not taking vitamin D supplementation. In conclusion, higher dietary vitamin K intake was significantly associated with a lower presence of depressive symptoms, also after accounting for potential confounders. Future longitudinal research is required to explore the directionality of the association.
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Gupta, D., K. Trukova, P. G. Vashi, A. Adams, G. M. Lambert, and C. A. Lammersfeld. "Association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and body mass index in cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 6625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6625.
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6625 Background: The association between vitamin D and obesity remains unsettled with studies reporting conflicting findings on the relationship between the two. This association assumes even greater importance in cancer because of the alleged role of vitamin D in cancer risk and survival. Currently, the dietary recommendations for Vitamin D do not take into account a person's body mass index (BMI). We investigated the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(OH)D] and BMI in a large sample of cancer patients. Methods: A consecutive case series of 740 cancer patients seen at Cancer Treatment Centers of America from Jan 08 to June 08. Serum 25(OH)D was measured at presentation to the hospital. The cohort was divided in 4 BMI groups (<18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25–29.9, and >30.0 kg/m2). Correlation between 25(OH)D and BMI was evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient. Mean 25(OH)D was compared across the 4 BMI groups using ANOVA. Linear regression was used to quantify the relationship between BMI and 25(OH)D. Results: Of 740 patients, 303 were males and 437 females. The mean age at presentation was 55.7 years (SD = 10.2). The mean BMI was 27.9 kg/m2 (SD = 6.7). Most common cancers were lung (134, 18.1%), breast (131, 17.7%), colorectal (97, 13.1%), pancreas (86, 11.6%), prostate (45, 6.1%) and ovarian (39, 5.3%). The mean serum 25(OH)D was 21.9 ng/ml (SD = 13.5). Analysis revealed that as BMI groups increased from normal to overweight or obese classifications, there was a significant decrease in 25(OH)D (Table). The Spearman correlation between 25(OH)D and BMI was -0.20 (p = 0.001). Every 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI was significantly associated with a 0.43 ng/ml decline in serum 25(OH)D (p = 0.001). Conclusions: We found that obese cancer patients (BMI >=30 kg/m2) had significantly lower levels of serum 25(OH)D as compared to nonobese patients (BMI <30 kg/m2). BMI should be taken into account when assessing a patient's vitamin D status and more aggressive vitamin D supplementation should be considered in obese cancer patients. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Porter, Danielle, Rima Kulkarni, Huyen Cao, Devi Sengupta, and Kirsten White. "No Emergent Resistance in HIV-1 Infected Virologically-Suppressed Subjects Who Switched to R/F/TAF." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1077.
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Abstract Background GS-US-366-1216 and GS-US-366-1160 are randomized, double-blind, phase 3b studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of switching to rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (R/F/TAF) from R/F/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or efavirenz (EFV)/F/TDF, respectively, in HIV-1-infected virologically-suppressed subjects. At Week 48, switching to R/F/TAF was non-inferior to staying on R/F/TDF (94% vs. 94%, respectively) or EFV/F/TDF (90% vs. 92%) for HIV-1 RNA <50 c/mL (virologic success) by FDA snapshot analysis. Here, we present integrated resistance analyses of these two studies through Week 48. Methods Historical genotypes were collected when available. Subjects in the resistance analysis population (subjects with HIV-1 RNA ≥400 c/mL at virologic failure, discontinuation, or Week 48) had genotypic/phenotypic analyses at failure for protease and reverse transcriptase (RT; PhenoSense GT, Monogram). Subjects with post-baseline resistance mutations detected had their baseline proviral DNA analyzed retrospectively (GenoSure Archive, Monogram). Results Of the 1504 randomized and treated subjects, resistance development was analyzed for 7 subjects (0.9%; 7/754) on R/F/TAF, 1 subject (0.3%; 1/313) on R/F/TDF, and 2 subjects (0.5%; 2/437) on EFV/F/TDF. No R/F/TAF (0%) or R/F/TDF (0%) subjects developed primary NNRTI or NRTI resistance mutations. One EFV/F/TDF subject (0.2%; 1/437) developed primary NNRTI and NRTI resistance mutations (NNRTI: Y188L; NRTI: M184V). Three subjects on R/F/TAF had virologic rebound with mutations also detected at baseline by proviral DNA analysis. Historical genotypes were available for 527 subjects; virologic success rates were high among subjects with pre-existing mutations (Table 1). Conclusion No emergent resistance to any of the components of R/F/TAF was detected through 48 weeks after switching. Virologic success rates were high among subjects with pre-existing mutations. Disclosures D. Porter, Gilead Sciences, Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary; R. Kulkarni, Gilead Sciences, Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary; H. Cao, Gilead Sciences, Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary; D. Sengupta, Gilead Sciences Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary; K. White, Gilead Sciences, Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary
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Dion, Louise. "Harris, Chauncy, D. et al (1985) A Geographical Bibliography for American Librairies. Washington, D.C., Association of American Geographers, XXIII, 437 p." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 31, no. 82 (1987): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021865ar.
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Stuart Williams, Michael. "T. D. BARNES, EARLY CHRISTIAN HAGIOGRAPHY AND ROMAN HISTORY (Tria Corda 5). Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2010. Pp. xx + 437. isbn9783161502262. €29.00." Journal of Roman Studies 102 (November 2012): 406–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075435812000895.
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TROUVE, Antoine, and Kazuaki MURAKAMI. "Erratum: Optimisations Techniques for the Automatic ISA Customisation Algorithm [IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E95.D (2012) , No. 2 pp.437-440]." IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E95-D, no. 4 (2012): 1180_e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transinf.e95.d.1180_e1.
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Morawetz, Herbert. "Polymer photophysics, luminescence, energy migration and molecular motion in synthetic polymers, D. Phillips, Ed., Chapman and Hall, New York, 1985, 437 pp." Journal of Polymer Science Part C: Polymer Letters 24, no. 8 (August 1986): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1986.140240812.
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Verspohl, E. J. "G. Füllgraff, D. Palm Pharmakotherapie - Klinische Pharmakologie. 9. neubearbeitete Auflage 1995, XXVI, 503 Seiten, kt. DM 64,-. ISBN 3-437-00794-7." Pharmazie in Unserer Zeit 25, no. 4 (1996): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pauz.19960250419.
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Adhikari, Jagan Nath, Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai, and Tej Bahadur Thapa. "Factors affecting diversity and distribution of threatened birds in Chitwan National Park, Nepal." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 5 (March 26, 2019): 13511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4137.11.5.13511-13522.
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Factors affecting diversity and distribution of globally threatened birds were studied by dividing Chitwan National Park (CNP) into five study blocks consisting of 17 birding routes. CNP provides major habitats for the feeding and breeding of a large number of migratory birds from many parts of the globe and also plays a vital role in the conservation of threatened species. We recorded a total of 437 individuals of globally threatened birds belonging to 19 species of nine families and eight orders. There was considerable variation (F=2.94, df=44.43, p=0.05) in species diversity of threatened birds in different study blocks: the highest diversity was in Block E (Pithauli, Amaltari, and Narayani Island area; H=2.108), followed by Block C (Kasara to Sukibhar area; H=2.047), Block B (Barandabhar Corridor Forest; H=2.033), Block A (Khagendra Malli, Kathar, Sauraha to Old Padampur; H=1.744), and Block D with the least diversity (Madi area; H=1.69). The higher dominance index was found in blocks A (D=0.2407) and D (0.2361) compared to other blocks. The lower diversity of threatened birds was reported in those blocks (A & D) located nearer to human settlements that experienced higher disturbance. Presence of livestock and people caused significantly negative effects on species richness and abundance of threatened birds, mainly in Block A. Distance from roads and villages also had a negative effect on the diversity and abundance of most of the threatened birds. This study suggests that human disturbance caused a significantly negative impact on the presence, distribution, diversity, and abundance of threatened birds in CNP and adjoining areas.
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Hendricks, R. C. "Discussion: “Theory Versus Experiment for the Rotordynamic Coefficients of Annular Gas Seals: Part 2—Constant-Clearance and Convergent-Tapered Geometry” (Nelson, C. C., Childs, D. W., Nicks, C., and Elrod, D., 1986, ASME J. Tribol., 108, pp. 433–437)." Journal of Tribology 108, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261229.
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Mikhaylov, Dmitrii, Anton Denisov, Dmitrii Ptashnikov, Sergei Masevnin, and Nikita Zaborovskii. "COMPARISON OF SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR DEGENERATIVE DEFORMITIES AND INSTABILITY OF THE SPINE AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS." Coluna/Columna 17, no. 3 (July 2018): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120181703193268.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the surgical results among elderly patients with degenerative deformities and instability of the spine. Methods: A retrospective study of 437 patients (337 women, 100 men) with a mean age 60. The mean follow-up time was five years. The inclusion criteria were diseases and complications following spinal trauma associated with deformities, degenerative processes, acute pain syndrome, and spinal stenosis with neurological deficit. Four study groups (A, B, C and D) were created and defined by type of surgical intervention. Group A patients (the reference group) - decompression of neural structures on both sides without fixation. Group B - decompression and transpedicular fixation performed without correction of the deformity. Group C - patients operated up to the lower-thoracic region with transpedicular screws, correction of the deformity and decompression of spinal stenosis. Group D - transpedicular fixation up to higher-thoracic region; correction of the deformity and decompression of neurological structures. The mean follow-up time was five years. Results: Group D patients achieved the best outcome. The results observed were good in 57.2% of cases (60 patients); satisfactory in 40% of cases (42 patients); and unsatisfactory in 2.8% of cases (three patients). The worst findings were observed in Group A: satisfactory in 13.4% of cases (15 patients); and, unsatisfactory in 86.6% of cases (97 patients). No good results were observed in this group. Conclusion: The results suggest that performing full deformity correction with transpedicular fixation up to the higher-thoracic region gives the best outcomes for elderly patients, and helps to prevent long-term complications. Evidence level III; Retrospective Comparative Study.
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Trubetskoy, O. A., and O. E. Trubetskaya. "Analysis of fluorophores of organic substances dissolved in Suvani river water using reversed-phase liquid chromatography." Водные ресурсы 46, no. 4 (August 21, 2019): 428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0321-0596464428-437.
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Reversed-phase high-efficiency liquid chromatography was used in combination with detection by multiwave fluorescence for analysis of organic substances dissolved in natural water of the Suwannee River. Also analyzed were the stable electrophoretic fractions А, В, and C+D, obtained by a combination of preparative size-exclusion chromatography and analytical electrophoresis in a polyacrylamide gel. Fraction А has the largest molecular size, and fraction C+D, the smallest. Using 3D fluorescent analysis, humic-like fluorescence was detected both in the original sample and in all fractions; protein-like fluorescence is almost fully localized in fractions А and В of the largest and middle molecular sizes. The wide peak of humic-like fluorescence is split into several groups of fluorophores with different emissions maxima (435, 455, 460, and 465 nm) and degrees of hydrophobicity. The obtained results were analyzed in relation to contemporary theories of formation of humic-like fluorescence of dissolved organic substances. The low-molecular free aromatic amino acids tyrosine and tryptophan were identified in fractions А and В of the highest molecular size and constitute >50% of the protein-like fluorescence of the organic substances dissolved in the Suwannee River water. The data obtained ensure better understanding of the molecular nature of protein-like and humic-like fluorescence of organic substance dissolved in natural water.
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Suyono, Suyono, Nur Ali Amri, and Tito Nur Kholis. "Rancangan Saluran Terbuka Dan Kolam Pengendapan Pada Tambang Andesit CV. Anugerah Bumi Cilacap, Jawa Tengah." Jurnal Mineral, Energi, dan Lingkungan 5, no. 2 (June 13, 2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/jmel.v5i2.6354.
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Penyusunan skripsi dimulai dari perhitungan statistik data curah hujan Kabupaten Cilacap menggunakan distribusi Gumbell dan perhitungan intensitas curah hujan menggunakan rumus Mononobe. Perhitungan luas dan pembagian daerah tangkapan hujan selanjutnya dihitung berdasarkan peta topografi penambangan. Selanjutnya adalah penentuan nilai koefisien debit air limpasan dan menghitung debit air limpasan menggunakan rumus Rasional. Rumus Manning digunakan dalam perancangan saluran terbuka, gorong-gorong, dimensi dan waktu pengerukan kolam pengendapan. Berikut luas daerah tangkapan hujan berikut dengan debit air limpasannya: DTH I = 0,113 km2 dengan QDTH.I = 0,54 m3/detik. DTH II = 0,08 km2 dengan QDTH.II = 0,88 m3/detik Pembuatan saluran terbuka bertujuan untuk mengalirkan air hujan yang masuk ke area penambangan dan mengalirkan air limpasan agar tidak menggenangi jalan tambang. Terdapat dua (2) saluran terbuka dengan dimensi masing-masing: 1. Saluran Terbuka I: B = 1,10 m; L = 2,00 m; b = 1,90 m; h = 0,70 m; d = 0,80 m; a = 0,80 m; Panjang = 725 m; α = 60°. 2. Saluran Terbuka II: B = 1,20 m; L = 2,40 m; b = 2,20 m; h = 0,80 m; d = 1,00 m; a = 1,10m; Panjang = 437 m; α = 60°. Gorong - gorong yang dibutuhkan terbuat dari beton precast lingkaran dengan diameter G1 = 0,60 m dan G2 = 0,70 m. Kolam pengendapan terdiri dari tiga (3) kompartemen dengan luas masing-masing 511 m2 dan volume total 7.890 m3. Pembersihan (pengerukan) endapan di kolam pengendapan dilakukan setiap 100 hari sekali.
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Arrayás-Grajera, Manuel Javier, Inmaculada Tornero-Quiñones, Blanca Gavilán-Carrera, Octavio Luque-Reca, Cecilia Peñacoba-Puente, Ángela Sierra-Robles, Ana Carbonell-Baeza, and Fernando Estévez-López. "Fibromyalgia: Evidence for Deficits in Positive Psychology Resources. A Case-Control Study from the Al-Ándalus Project." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 16, 2021): 12021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212021.
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Positive psychology is the study of positive subjective experience and individual traits. Identifying deficits in positive psychology regarding fibromyalgia may inform targets for management. Therefore, the aim of the present case–control study was to compare the levels of positive affect, negative affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair in a large sample of women with fibromyalgia (cases) and age-matched peers without fibromyalgia (controls). This case–control study included 437 women with fibromyalgia (51.6 ± 7.1 years old) and 206 age-matched women without fibromyalgia (50.6 ± 7.2 years old). Participants self-reported their levels of (i) subjective well-being on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Satisfaction with Life Scale, (ii) dispositional optimism on the Life Orientation Test-Revised and (iii) emotional repair on the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Women with fibromyalgia showed lower levels of positive affect, satisfaction with life, optimism and emotional repair and higher levels of negative affect. Large effect sizes were found for positive affect, negative affect and satisfaction with life (all, Cohen’s d ≥ 0.80) and small-to-moderate for emotional repair and optimism (both, Cohen’s d ≥ 0.50). Women with fibromyalgia experience deficits of positive psychology resources. Thus, developing tailored therapies for fibromyalgia focusing on reducing deficits in positive psychology resources may be of clinical interest, though this remains to be corroborated in future research.
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Babapour Mofrad, Rosha, Betty M. Tijms, Philip Scheltens, Frederik Barkhof, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Sietske A. M. Sikkes, and Charlotte E. Teunissen. "Sex differences in CSF biomarkers vary by Alzheimer disease stage and APOE ε4 genotype." Neurology 95, no. 17 (August 11, 2020): e2378-e2388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000010629.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate sex differences in CSF biomarkers, taking the potential modifying role of clinical disease stage and APOE ε4 genotype into account.MethodWe included participants (n = 1,801) with probable Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia (n = 937), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 437), and subjective cognitive decline (SCD; n = 427). Main outcomes were CSF β-amyloid1–42 (Aβ42), total tau (t-Tau), and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-Tau) levels. Age-corrected 3-way interactions between sex, disease stage (i.e., syndrome diagnosis at baseline), and APOE ε4 were tested with linear regression analyses for each outcome measure. In case of significant interactions (p < 0.05), sex differences were further evaluated by stratifying analyses for clinical disease stage and APOE ε4 genotype, including age as a covariate.ResultsThree-way interactions were significant for t-Tau (p < 0.001) and p-Tau (p < 0.01) but not Aβ42. In APOE ε4 carriers, women showed higher p-Tau concentrations than men in SCD (Cohen d [95% confidence interval]: t-Tau = 0.52 [0.19–0.84], p < 0.001; p-Tau = 0.44 [0.11–0.77] p = 0.004) and MCI (Cohen d [95% CI]: t-Tau = 0.54 [0.28–0.80], p < 0.001; p-Tau = 0.52 [0.26–0.77], p < 0.001) but not in AD dementia. In APOE ε4 noncarriers, women showed higher p-Tau concentrations in MCI (Cohen d [95% CI]: t-Tau = 0.49 [0.17–0.80], p = 0.002; p-Tau = 0.47 [0.16–0.78], p = 0.003) and AD dementia (Cohen d [95% CI]: t-Tau = 0.42 [0.19–0.65], p < 0.001; p-Tau = 0.38 [0.15–0.61] p = 0.002) but not in SCD.ConclusionsWithin APOE ε4 carriers, sex differences in CSF p-Tau are more evident in early disease stages, whereas for APOE ε4 noncarriers, sex differences are more evident in advanced disease stages. These findings suggest that the effect of APOE ε4 on sex differences in CSF biomarkers depends on disease stage in AD.
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Paufler, P. "D. McKie and C. McKie. Essentials of Crystallography. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 1992. 437 p., pbk. L 19.50. ISBN 0-632-01574-8." Crystal Research and Technology 28, no. 6 (1993): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crat.2170280607.
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Hollenbach, Florian. "Krankenhaus-Report ’97: Aktuelle Beitrage, Trends und Statistiken edited by M. Arnold and D. Paffrath. Fischer, Stuttgart, 1997. ISBN 3-437-21248-6." Health Economics 8, no. 6 (September 1999): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1050(199909)8:6<554::aid-hec465>3.0.co;2-w.
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Schiemann, W. P., and I. L. Buxton. "Adenosine A1-receptor coupling to phosphoinositide metabolism in pregnant guinea pig myometrium." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 261, no. 5 (November 1, 1991): E665—E672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1991.261.5.e665.
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Adenosine contracts pregnant and nonpregnant guinea pig myometrial smooth muscle (MSM). We have 1) described dissociation of A1-adenosine receptors from adenylate cyclase inhibition in nonpregnant MSM (M. A. Smith, J. L. Silverstein, D. P. Westfall, and I. L. O. Buxton, Cell. Signal. 1: 357–365, 1989); 2) described appearance of such inhibitory coupling in pregnant MSM [W. P. Schiemann, D. P. Westfall, and I. L. O. Buxton, Am. J. Physiol. 261 (Endocrinol. Metab. 24): E141-E150, 1991]; and 3) demonstrated a role for myometrial A1 receptors in the rapid formation of D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3] in nonpregnant MSM and the cyclooxygenase dependence of this effect (W. P. Schiemann, K. O. Doggwiller, and I. L. O. Buxton. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 258: 429–437, 1991). To further characterize adenosine action in pregnant tissue, we explored A1 coupling to increased phosphoinositide hydrolysis in near-term pregnant MSM. The A1-receptor agonist (+)-N6-(2-phenylisopropyl)adenosine stimulates the rapid dose-dependent formation of Ins(1,4,5)P3 and stimulates rapid degradation of uterine inositol monophosphates (InsP) in a manner paralleling increases in inositol polyphosphates. Both A1-mediated responses were blocked by the A1 antagonist 8-(p-sulfophenyl)theophylline, and, unlike the effect observed in nonpregnant MSM, treatment of pregnant MSM with either meclofenamate or indomethacin failed to block A1-mediated increases in Ins(1,4,5)P3. Pretreatment of MSM with either Li+ or pertussis toxin failed to alter either Ins(1,4,5)P3 formation or InsP degradation. Furthermore, assay of inositol phosphomonoesterase (InsPase) activity in the presence or absence of Li+ confirmed the existence of an MSM Li(+)-insensitive InsPase enzyme.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)