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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cyprus'
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Rowe, Evan D. "The visage of an island : a comparison of the religious, political, and ethnic landscape in post-1974 Cyprus /." Abstract Full Text (PDF), 2008. http://eprints.ccsu.edu/archive/00000505/02/1961FT.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2008.Thesis advisor: Cynthia Pope. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geography." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-124). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Sözen, Ahmet. "Cyprus conflict : continuing challenge and prospects for resolution in the post-Cold War era /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9962559.
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Lapithis, P. A. "Solar architecture in Cyprus." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505682.
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Gaffney, Benjamin (Benjamin Michael) 1970, and Manal 1976 Hatem-Moussallem. "Cyprus drought water bank." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67164.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-123).
Water banking is a proven water management strategy that facilitates the voluntary temporary reallocation of water from willing sellers to willing buyers. In exchange for compensation, farmers (sellers) may choose to allow their irrigation water to be reallocated to cities, towns, industries, and tourist hotels (buyers) that are in need. We have studied the application of water banking concepts to the water management of the island of Cyprus. The Republic of Cyprus is currently facing significant water scarcity problems. Water banking is a new idea in the area. We propose that an emergency drought water bank encourages farmers to become part of the solution to the water problems on the island. The Cypriot government is currently turning to desalination of seawater to meet its water supply needs. This process offers a reliable but very expensive source of water. The water from the most recent desalination contract will cost the government more than CY£ 61 million in total over the next ten years, assuming that the price of oil does not rise. In order to minimize the cost of water resources development, we propose forward-thinking policies such as water banking to reduce the need for additional desalination plants. This thesis details the goals, structure, and operational strategy for a water bank in Cyprus. We recommend that the Government seriously consider the immediate application of water banking. A small-scale pilot project in a single irrigation district would allow the concept to be validated in the field. Water banking holds great promise as a means of helping to provide Cyprus with the water it needs for continued growth and prosperity.
by Benjamin Gaffney & Manal Hatem-Moussallem.
M.Eng.
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Petre, James. "Crusader castles of Cyprus : the fortifications of Cyprus under the Lusignans of 1191-1489." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54199/.
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Part I is a chronological record of the fortifications in the history of Cyprus in the period – how they influenced that history and were in turn affected by it. In Part II 'Understanding the fortifications ...' the thesis recognises that castles and fortifications were a feature - a symptom - of the social structure, of the state's economy and of a culture, simultaneously constituting the tools of kings and military orders serving as their residences, administrative centres and weapons of war. This leads naturally to an assessment of why the island’s fortifications were created, as all interpretations of their value must stem from that. The answer is complex and in discussing it we see that military exigencies were not the sole arbiter of castle planning. Part II, however, also looks at the role that castles played in the conflicts in which Cyprus was involved and utilises a comparison with matters in England as a means to achieve an additional dimension of understanding. Finally Part II pays particular attention to the massive investment involved in the creation and maintenance of the
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Boone, Katherine. "Negotiating 'Turkishness' in North Cyprus." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2016. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/64174/.
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Since the inception of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) in 1983, the TRNC government has attempted to construct and promote a collective national identity through various means, including but not limited to heritage projects, new place names, and the standardization of history textbooks used in public education. The TRNC government placed emphasis on ‘Turkishness’ in order to form a single and unified culture that had continuity with past historical ties to Turkey. Over time and in response to various external and internal political, economic, cultural and social events, the TRNC government’s construction of a collective national identity has been continuously redefined and reshaped to promote a more ‘Cypriot’ past, distancing itself from past historical ties to Turkey. Turkish Cypriots, however, do not merely absorb the official constructions of national identity; they negotiate and construct their own more nuanced understanding of that identity. How do Turkish Cypriots negotiate understandings of ‘Turkishness’? Through ethnographic field research in the TRNC and secondary sources this dissertation illustrates the ways in which national identity is constructed by Turkish Cypriots, negotiated with state constructions of national identity, and reproduced through everyday practices. Through these constructions and negotiations, Turkish Cypriots fluctuate between rejecting Turkey as an outside oppressor and excluding people from Turkey as other’, to accepting Turkey as the ‘Motherland’ and including people from Turkey as part of their national community This dissertation highlights the fabricated nature of ‘Turkishness’ and disentangles the ways in which understandings of ‘Turkishness’ are negotiated and reproduced by Turkish Cypriots. This dissertation posits that Turkish Cypriots are not shifting between Turkish nationalism and Cypriot nationalism, but rather these everyday negotiations of ‘Turkishness’ by Turkish Cypriots produce a distinct Turkish Cypriot demotic nationalism from ‘below’.
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Azizbeyli, Zehra. "Cultures of commemorations in Cyprus." Thesis, Keele University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.699667.
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This research concerns the processes and practices of commemoration in Cyprus and how they impact the construction of Cypriot politics in both the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities in Cyprus. I engage the study of politics of memory, which can also be explained as the struggle between the dominant ethno-nationalist commemorations and alternative commemorations on both sides of the divide. I deconstruct the practices of commemoration used by the various political regimes for nationalist purposes. I seek to uncover, through qualitative research methods, the alternative cultures of commemoration that are being developed in the name of peace, coexistence and reconciliation. Interviews and observations are used as part of the ethnographic analysis in order to understand how public commemorations take place and are understood in different sites of Cyprus where commemorative rituals occur. Discourse analysis is also used as a method for the analysis of commemorative texts and as a way of approaching and thinking about a problem expressed in scholarly or educational texts and media statements. A literature review on the politics of commemoration shows how the past is collectively remembered, shaped and revised under the guidance of the ruling class to benefit one group over the other as part of the cultural construction of memory in contemporary society. The thesis focuses the landscape of a key public space in the divided capital city of Nicosia, through web-memorializing with the aid of photography and through poems. A concluding chapter considers the power of alternative commemorations and the different possibilities that they can lead to the politics in the future of Cyprus.
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Hägg, Karin Niklasson. "Early prehistoric burials in Cyprus /." Jonsered : Åström, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35588027j.
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Kamenou, Nayia. "'Cyprus is the country of heroes, not of homosexuals' : sexuality, gender and nationhood in Cyprus." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2012. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cyprus-is-the-country-of-heroes-not-of-homosexuals(e4b520c7-ec54-407b-93f2-db74526e3090).html.
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Based on research conducted from September 2008 through June 2011, this thesis explores the construction of gender and sexuality identities in Cyprus vis-à-vis the socio-political, legal and cultural context within which it is enabled or inhibited. More specifically, it examines how predominant discourses of nationhood and national identity as well as the processes, norms, institutions and mechanisms of Europeanization, affect local approaches to the relationship between national identity, gender and sexuality. -- Chronologically, the thesis covers the period between the early 1990s - when a Cypriot gay man brought a case before the European Court of Human Rights against the Republic of Cyprus - up to the present. However, it also makes references to the 1974 Turkish invasion and occupation of the island, as well as to the events that preceded and followed it, since these have been determinative of the importance assigned to Cypriot national identity narratives by local actors. -- Part of the data examined includes fifty-five interviews with prelates of the Orthodox Church of Cyprus, Greek-Cypriot political elites, military officials, representatives of women’s groups, as well as Greek-Cypriot and Turkish-Cypriot lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans* and queer individuals and activists. Through the utilization of a research design that draws on Foucaultian analysis, queer theory, law and national identity studies, the thesis argues that the Cypriot discursive landscape both restricts and enables the negotiation and reconfiguration of identity-formation processes. Namely, although nationalistic, androcentric, patriarchical and heterocentric essentialisms continue to permeate the Cypriot socio-political milieu, nationalism is characterized both by inherent contradictions and by the ability to reinvent itself.
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Theodossiades, Maro Charalambous. "Furniture and its representations in Cyprus (from Chalcolithic II to Cypro-Archaic II)." Thesis, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261708.
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Jones, Paula Louise. "Moving heaven and earth : landscape, death and memory in the aceramic Neolithic of Cyprus." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683220.
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Borman, Ipek. "Insecurity And Trust In Cyprus: Rethinking The Security Dilemma Within The Context Of The Cyprus Problem." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614999/index.pdf.
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This thesis rethinks the security dilemma within the context of the Cyprus problem. It analyzes and problematizes the established political discourses and societal insecurities in Cyprus. It basically contends that the Cyprus problem should be reconceptualized from a critical security perspective, utilizing the fatalist, mitigator and transcender logics of insecurity. In that regard, it advances the idea that the security paradox in Cyprus should be rethought with the aim of transcending it through reconciliation and trust-building. The thesis takes attention to the scope of human agency, both at the state and human society levels, in the processes of reconciliation and trust-building, and concludes that these processes are key in transforming the two communities in the island into a post-national and pluralistic community of Cyprus.
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Maisels, Fiona G. "The feeding ecology of the Cyprus mouflon Ovis orientalis Gmelin 1774, the the Paphos Forest, Cyprus." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236931.
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John, Donald. "Assessment of Waste Management Practices in Cyprus : The case of Nudging at Cyprus University of Technology." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413493.
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Waste management issues are prevalent in many parts of the world. Member states of the European Union (EU) are expected to follow the guidelines of the Waste Framework Directive set by the EU. The directive includes targets intended to facilitate waste management practices such as recycling and landfilling. Unfortunately, several countries in the Mediterranean regions are failing to meet these targets, one such country being Cyprus. The country is the third largest generator of municipal waste in the EU and majority of the country’s waste (approx. 80%) are landfilled, while just 19% are recycled. Cyprus has failed to meet the target for recycling 50% of the municipal waste by 2020. Much of the problems can be attributed to the fact that the country lacks good infrastructures such as recycling facilities and services for separate processing of recyclables and biodegradables. Cyprus University of Technology,situated in the city of Limassol, is a leading university in country that values environmental protection and sustainability and has won several awards for depicting their commitment towards sustainable development. Owing to their good environmental record, a study was conducted at this university in the form of a waste audit and nudging experiment along with a complimentary questionnaire. Nudging is a concept in behavioural science which proposes positive reinforcement through the form of indirect suggestions as a strategy to influence decisions and behaviours of individuals or groups. Nudging was undertaken through the intervention of an informative sign at the recycle bins. The waste audit was separated into two periods, control (without nudging) and intervention (with nudging). Later, a questionnaire was distributed to students to understand their attitudes and behaviours towards recycling and the nudging experiment. This research is analysed using a mixed method approach whereby data is collected and analysed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. A secondary data analysis was also utilised for recommending possible solutions to improving waste management problems in Cyprus based on recycling initiatives in other countries, particularly from the Mediterranean region. The research found that there has been an increase in the rate of recycling since nudging was introduced. The questionnaire results also implied that there is a general concern among students for recycling and that much more has to be done by the university to help with waste separation and recycling. The secondary analysis of literature also reveals Cyprus has a long way to go, but proper waste management can be achieved through the government’s prioritisation of environmental protection and improvement of waste management infrastructures. Although the findings in this research has been successful, it could have been further investigated if the waste audit period had been extended and more responses were acquired to the questionnaire. Additionally, conducting interviews of certain individuals could have provided more insight into the waste management challenges in the future.
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Carver, Michael M. "THE GORDIAN KNOT: AMERICAN AND BRITISH POLICY CONCERNING THE CYPRUS ISSUE: 1952-1974." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1143491074.
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Leventis, Panayiotis. "Nicosia, Cyprus, 1192-1570 : architecture, topography and urban experience in a diversified capital city." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84521.
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This study explores and reiterates the significance carried by the notions of place, multiplicity and experience in the approaches to the study of architecture, in the shaping of cultures, and in the construction of urban (hi)stories and topographies. The research aims to reveal the existence of a transcultural space constituting the cosmos of Nicosia, capital city of the late medieval and renaissance Kingdom of Cyprus. It is argued that the natural and built environment of the city simultaneously witnessed as well as constructed this highly obscure space, whose elusive nature has not been sufficiently or comprehensively researched thus far. The purpose of this study is to unearth numerous attempts at reconciliation by medieval civilizations, and to comprehend their repeated efforts at bringing in parallel existence and understanding adjacent, but seemingly oppositional or even confrontational, cultures and spaces.The method used engages a re-interpretation of Nicosia's urban space by means of a scholarly narrative, defined as a comprehensively annotated telling of citizens' experiences through the city. While maintaining that it is this telling which better exposes the city's character, past findings on the architecture, topography, and urban experience of Nicosia are concurrently examined, some of them accepted and others re-proposed. Different architectural and ethical realities for the city, as well as varied urban and social identities, emerge as possibilities for pondering only after the superimposition of scientific findings on an interweaving web of experiences, on the remarkably phenomenal world of medieval urban space.
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Serghides, D. "Zero energy for the Cyprus house." n.p, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Gates, Christianne Deborah. "Britain, Turkey, and Cyprus, 1950-1959." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.570196.
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The Cyprus problem of the 1950s was resolved not by British initiatives, but by a settlement based on an agreement between the Greek and Turkish governments. Because of this, it demonstrates not only the decline of British influence but also the rise of Third World powers in international diplomacy. Throughout the negotiations, however, the British continually underestimated the Turkish Government. Even today, the full extent of the Turkish role in the resolution of the Cyprus emergency continues to be underappreciated. This thesis, therefore, examines the Turkish role in the Cyprus question from 1950 to 1959. Like British officials at the time, it chronologically links Turkish domestic concerns, international responsibilities and Communist fears to the on-going Cyprus issue. It questions the traditional view of Turkey as a British pawn and argues that its Cypriot policy, from defending the status quo to pressing for partition and finally agreeing to independence, was not solely influenced by international events. Instead, Turkish policies toward Cyprus were based on a combination of global and domestic factors, as well as pressure from the Turkish Cypriot minority: just as British decolonization policies were influenced by external, internal, and colonial concerns. It concludes that the persistence of oriental stereotypes has concealed this similarity, leading to a misunderstanding of the Turkish attitude. The British perception of Turkish policies toward Cyprus not only reveals that the Turkish motivations have been oversimplified but also that these significantly influenced British strategies for maintaining sovereignty in Cyprus. The dependence of the United Kingdom on Turkish support in the Middle East, especially following events at Suez in 1956, allowed Turkey to seize the initiative in the negotiations. The 1959 agreement leading to Cypriot independence, therefore, was not the result of British planning but due to separate negotiations between the Greeks and Turks.
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Partasi, Evgenia. "Multiculturalism in primary schools in Cyprus." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544456.
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Verropoulou, Georgia. "The demography of Cyprus, 1881-1982." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1998. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1495/.
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This research aims at determining the demographic characteristics of the population of Cyprus over 1881-1982, using all available data from censuses, registration and surveys. The thesis consists of two main parts. The first part focuses on the period from 1881 to 1960 and refers to the entire population. The second part deals with the period after 1960 and mainly focuses on the majority Greek Cypriot population, virtually no information being available for the Turkish minority after this time; the island was partitioned between Greeks and Turks in 1974. Chapter 1 describes the objectives of the thesis and the data available. Chapters 2-7 refer only to the period up to 1960. Chapter 2 deals with the growth of the population and changes in the distribution by age and sex. In Chapter 3 it is established that mortality transition was under way by the 1880s while it is argued that female mortality was slightly higher than male mortality before 1911. Chapter 4 traces changes in marriage patterns after 1911 and their relationship to changing ratios of males to females. In Chapter 5 it is argued that although fertility had decreased slightly by the 1940s, an uninterrupted declining trend was only established in the 1950s. In Chapter 6 migration is considered; emigration from Cyprus was substantial in the period 1955-1960. In Chapter 7 differences between Greeks and Turks in mortality, fertility and nuptiality are examined. In Chapter 8 it is established that fertility for Greek Cypriots had reached low levels though above replacement by 1976 while mortality had reached low levels by 1982. There was substantial emigration between 1974 and 1978. In Chapter 9 the validity of the mortality and fertility estimates is assessed by using them to project the population of Cyprus from 1921 onwards. Chapter 10 presents a summary of the major findings.
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Basak, Cengiz. "UN peacekeeping and enforcement (Congo, Cyprus)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363922.
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Poullis, Constantinos Andreas. "Fusarium wilt of watermelons in Cyprus." Thesis, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391502.
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Hussein, Ersin. "Power and identity in Roman Cyprus." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/66671/.
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This thesis explores individual and collective identities and experiences of Roman power by considering the roles of insiders (Cypriots) and outsiders (non Cypriots). Chapter one presents the history of scholarship on Roman Cyprus and considers the impact of previous studies, shaped by the model of Romanisation, on studies of Roman Cyprus today. Chapter two examines the Roman annexation and administration of Cyprus in order to contextualise later analysis of Cypriot experiences of, and reactions to, Rome. This chapter also re-considers evidence for the proconsuls of Roman Cyprus from 58 BC to the mid fourth century AD. Chapter three explores how Roman citizens and high profile visitors from outside the island, along with locally enfranchised elites, expressed their identity in public monuments. For comparison, the monuments of individuals who did not obtain citizenship are briefly considered. Chapter four investigates collective power and identity by turning to the poleis of Roman Cyprus. Central to this investigation is the exploration of the construction of civic identity in the Roman period. Evidence for the use of mythology, particularly foundation myths, and local religious practices are considered in the study of each polis. Chapter five considers the overall identity of Roman Cyprus first by examining evidence for the representation of individuals and the poleis of Cyprus in monuments outside the island. Next, this chapter examines the activities and monuments of the koinon of Cyprus. The final chapter ties together the evidence for individual and collective identities explored in chapters two to five to summarise how Roman power was experienced in Cyprus and what identities emerged in response. Finally, this chapter considers what elements comprised the identities expressed under Roman rule and whether there was a particular quality that could be considered as exclusively 'Cypriot' under Rome.
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Santis, Nicholas George. "Judicial punishtecture and mercying in Cyprus." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14200.
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The thesis unveils how judges decide sentences in Cyprus and how they employ mercy to contour their judgments by determining at the same time whether these decisions are reached within or on the basis of a consistent legitimising framework founded in or derived from moral legal theory. The study professes a degree of originality in that it deals with the academically unexplored ground of the Cypriot sentencing reality and investigates the role of mercy not only as a component (or not) element of justice but, additionally, as a purposive ingredient of judicial discretion in the determination of sentence. It emphasises positive rather than normative analysis. It concentrates on how Cypriot judges sentence, and not on how they should or ought to sentence, by depicting and explaining the judges’ method of reaching their sentencing decisions in substance and in form (or their punishtecture as it will be characterised), including the demonstration on their part of mercy to certain defendants at the sentencing stage (or mercying as it will similarly be referred to). Following a discussion of relevant conceptual and empirical literature the thesis present and analyses a substantial body of data generated from a series of tête-à-tête semi-structured interviews conducted by the researcher with the majority of the Cypriot judiciary between 2007 and 2008. The research yields the judges’ views on the nature of the sentencing process and the conceptions, design, structuring, and utterance of their resultant judgments within the criminal justice context in which they find themselves acting. It presents what they have said about the choice of punishment and mercy and reconstructs what they may be taken to have meant by saying it; their aims and purposes in sentencing; the constraints under which they operate; the way they exercise their penal choices; and the use (or dismissal) of mercy as an etiological foundation of sentencing rationales.
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Jacobsson, Inga. "Aegyptiaca from late Bronze Age Cyprus /." Jonsered : P. Aströms, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38903559s.
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Reyes, A. T. "The stamp-seals of ancient Cyprus /." Oxford : Oxford University School of Archaeology, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392631246.
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Serghides, Despina. "Zero energy for the Cyprus house." Thesis, Open University, 1993. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57425/.
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The thesis aims at the optimization of the regulatory systems inherent in domestic architecture through choice of orientation, building materials and the use of natural resources of energy, to achieve comfort conditions without the need for mechanical heating and cooling for the Cypriot climate. The thesis is classified in six chapters as follows: CHAPTER 1 In this chapter, analysis of the energy situation in Cyprus to investigate the potential for energy saving in houses and the possible environmental improvement is carried out. For this, existing and newly built houses are evaluated to identify deficiencies in the regulatory systems inherent in the built form that result in heating and cooling demands. CHAPTER 2 The prevailing climatic conditions in Cyprus are analyzed, in this chapter, to assess how energy demands for heating and cooling arise in domestic buildings and to evaluate the free energy systems available to contribute to these requirements. Moreover in this chapter standards of comfort for single family detached houses in Cyprus are established, through investigation of current thermostat settings and reviews of thermal comfort studies, so that they may be taken as a basis in the optimization study. CHAPTER 3 This chapter deals with the optimization of a specific house type, to be designed in an ideal environment, to the point of zero fuel consumption for heating and cooling with the aid of microcomputer programmes for thermal analysis. Initially simplified thermal calculations are carried out by using "Method 5000°, a well established method adopted by the Commission of the European Community Handbook. These are followed by detailed hourly simulations of selected variants using dynamic simulation model SERIRES. CHAPTER 4 This chapter also makes use of thermal calculations as chapter 3, and concludes to comparative assessment of results obtained under chapter 3, and design recommendations for new houses through economic analysis of the varied design measures. From those the profile of the "Zero Energy House for Cyprus" is outlined. CHAPTER 5 The study in this chapter identifies the occupants' factors that influence the efficiency of building performance and the thermal environmental conditions of the "Zero Energy House". It analyses the intervention of the occupants in the design, which is reflected in the variable of fenestration. The analysis is carried out interdependently, in various combinations of shading and ventilation profiles, in computer simulations using thermal analysis programme "AGRI". A case-study further investigates the thermal effects of the user interaction with the building and confirms the validity of the simulation results. The proposed strategies, at the end of the chapter, aim at reducing the operational counter-effects on the building design. CHAPTER 6 The conclusions are outlined in the form of criteria for the selection of different design alternatives. These are based on flexibility, operational ease, potential thermal efficiency and elimination of constraints for securing optimal performance for "Zero Energy Houses" for Cyprus.
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Batho, Mark P. (Mark Peter) 1968. "Economics of seawater desalination in Cyprus." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67163.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-52).
The Republic of Cyprus is currently suffering from severe drought conditions. This is not uncommon to Cyprus, as they frequently experience three to four year droughts every decade. They are currently in the middle of their fourth year of drought. Some Cypriots believe that the main reason for water shortages is due only to low levels of rainfall (average rainfall in Cyprus is 500 mm per year, and less than 400 mm per year is considered a drought year). It is not disputed that this is part of the problem. However, my belief, along with many Cypriots is that the biggest part of the problem is one of water allocation. Agriculture in Cyprus contributes approximately 5% to the GDP, yet consumes 75% of available water in Cyprus. The remainder of water is left for the sector of the economy that produces the remaining 95% of the GDP, of which municipal, industrial and tourist uses are of greatest importance. One may ask why this is so. According to some Cypriots, it is because Cypriot farmers are thought to be a politically influential group, and that they farm more as a way of life, rather than to earn a living directly. Others discount this "way of life" theory. What is important, however is that farming is using a lot of water and is contributing very little to the GDP of Cyprus. For example, Citrus crops grown within the Southern Conveyor System (a large network of water conveyance pipes stretching for over 100 km in the southern part of the island) (see Figure 3, page 16) uses approximately 21% of all available water available in Cyprus, and without Government subsidies would not show profitability. Although there may be some aesthetic value in citrus groves one must ask if it is economically and environmentally justified to continue farming citrus. To do so means building seawater desalination plants that contribute 5.0 to 6.0 kg of CO 2, a greenhouse gas, to the atmosphere per m3 of water produced by desalination, along with the cost of the water nearing one US dollar per m3 . Desalination is a painful solution to Cyprus' water shortage that could be otherwise be addressed with a proper water allocation scheme.
by Mark P. Batho.
M.Eng.
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Vassiliades, Anthoulla N. "Paphos and Western Cyprus : 1191 to 1571." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27864.
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Huang, Kuan, and 黃寬. "Geological studies of igneous rocks and their relationships along the Kyrenia Range, Northern Cyprus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40204030.
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Ng, Wai-pan, and 吳維斌. "The origin and emplacement of the Akamas massif, W Cyprus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45996192.
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Chum, Chun-yip, and 覃進業. "Cumulate pyroxenite and pyroxenite dykes in the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197511.
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The Troodos ophiolite is a type example of ophiolite and has been studied for more than 50 years. Albeit numerous findings have been derived from previous investigations, some questions about the details of its formation processes are still outstanding. One of them concerns the origin of the pyroxenites in the mantle and the lower crustal section, and this is the main theme of this thesis. Integrated field, petrographical and geochemical work was conducted in this study. On the basis of distribution, the pyroxenites can be divided into two categories, crustal pyroxenites and mantle pyroxenite dykes.
The results show that the layered or massive crustal pyroxenites can be distinguished by their magmatic features, and their formations have been controlled by a series of factors, including the melt composition, change of pressure, magma replenishment and magma mixing. The crystallization sequences of the crustal ultramafic unit samples are classified into two trends. Trend (i) olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, plagioclase has been derived from tholeiitic-boninitic transitional melts, whereas trend (ii) olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, orthopyroxene from depleted boninitic melts.
Regarding the mantle section, the pyroxenite dykes have been formed by focused flow of melt during migration towards the crust. Data show that they are products of several processes, including melt-rock reactions and fractional crystallization. On the basis of modal composition, the pyroxenite dykes are divided into clinopyroxenites and orthopyroxenites. Geochemical compositions suggest that the clinopyroxenites have been derived from island arc tholeiitic melts, whereas the orthopyroxenites from boninitic melts.
The important overlap of the tholeiitic and the boninitic series throughout the sections of the ophiolite, as well as the presence of lithologies with compositions transitional between the two series, suggests that the two magmatic suites existed together. A tectonic model of subduction initiation, during which the subducting slab rolled-back rapidly, triggering asthenospheric mantle flow into the mantle wedge, inducing partial melting at a shallow level of the mantle to generate a series of island arc tholeiitic magmas and at deeper level, a series of depleted boninitic magmas. The two magmatic series have possibly been mixed during migration in the mantle, producing transitional units of the two series.published_or_final_version
Earth Sciences
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Tuzunkan, Murat. "The Cyprus Question: Continuity, Transformation And Tendencies." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608714/index.pdf.
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This study has three main objectives. First, it provides a theoretical framework that challenges the mainstream approaches to allow for a new reading of the Cyprus Question. Second, it identifies continuities, transformations and tendencies within different historical periods by analyzing the positions of the various actors and the international conjecture in order to offer a correct reading of all previous settlement proposals and indicate the basis on which perceptions and policies were constructed and why the latter failed repeatedly to resolve the Cyprus issue. Continuities are those factors that created the continuum of the crisis and were concretely reflected in the successive failures of different peace talks, plans and initiativesexamining these means analyzing the hegemonic projects of the various actors involved. Examining transformations means looking specifically at how and why these hegemonic projects changed. Examining tendencies means pointing out the latest developments such as accumulated sovereignty, shared sovereignty as protectorate, Taiwan Model, return to 1960, integration through class strategy and independent TRNC and exploring the logical consequences of developments. Third, this study focuses on the European Union&rsquo
s hegemonic projects related to Cyprus &ndash
how they emerged, the relationship between these projects and the domestic and international political conjectures, their aspects of continuity and reasons for transformation and their successes and failures. This thesis argues that all the previous plans and initiatives by international and local actors, latest being the EU-initiated Annan Plan, led not only to failure, but transformed the Cyprus Question from one paradigm to another.
34
Pekdemir, Zeynep Ferah. "The Property Issue In The Cyprus Question." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609565/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to provide an evaluation of the property aspect of the Cyprus problem. The 'property issue'
is an important aspect of the problem because it concerns the individual human rights and interests of a large population on both sides of the island. Following an introduction and a description of the historical backgroundof the island, there will be a basic account of the Cyprus conflict in order to have a perspective on the disagreement. The bulk of the thesis is then formed by the problem of property in the overall disagreement and both sides&rsquo
arguments towards the issue. After detailing various peace negotiations in relation to the property issue, the involvement of the European Court of Human Rights in the issue will be discussed, including the most recent developments which have since emerged
35
Saglam, Suheyla Hande. "The Property Issue In Cyprus 1974-2012." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614378/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to analyze the property issue in the Cyprus conflict from 1974 up to 2012 based on historical and legal factors. First of all, the historical background of the Cyprus conflict will be evaluated with its different dimensions. After the EU and UN&rsquos involvement, the conflict internationalized and regarding the geostrategic importance of the island with the security concerns in the Middle East region the core of today&rsquo
s conflict became the property issue. In this respect, especially both the Turkish and Greek Cypriots proposals about property issue will be detailed one by one. Following that, based on these proposals the Turkish and Greek Cypriots cases to the ECHR about property issue will be analyzed. In the light of these the overall solutions to the Cyprus conflict will be evaluated.
36
Loizides, Alecos. "Service quality in retail banking in Cyprus." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488917.
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Özden, Özge. "The biodiversity of invertebrates in Cyprus ecosystems." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/67893.
Full textAbstract:
There has been great concern within the scientific community about biodiversity loss and the extinction crisis worldwide. In order to set priority targets for biodiversity conservation in any region of the world, it is necessary to have good, long term, scientific, biological data. Without detailed information on local floras and faunas, it is impossible to prepare detailed management plans for biodiversity conservation within the area. The conservation importance of an area, which can be determined by assessing its biodiversity, by considering its species richness and abundance of key species (indicator groups). Therefore, during this thesis we attempted to clarify processes that influence the invertebrate fauna of Cyprus in different ecosystems. We also sought to investigate the population dynamics, abundance, species richness and the diversity of different invertebrate groups. We not only described the local invertebrate fauna, but also analysed impacts of different management regimes on them. In addition to this, we used different group of invertebrates as indicators in order to identify the biologically valuable habitats for biodiversity conservation in Cyprus. Firstly, field surveys were carried out over a two year period for the determination of thrips fauna (Thysanoptera) in the northern part of Cyprus. During the surveys 2029 specimens were collected. We recorded 43 thrips species belonging to 23 genera. Five genera and 14 species were new records for the island of Cyprus. Also we studied the population of the thrips pests and resulting damage to fruits on different nectarine varieties in north Cyprus during 2004 and 2005. We found 21 different thrips species, most of them encountered during the petal-fall period of nectarine trees. The “Maravilla” variety (early nectarine variety) had the highest rate of non-marketable fruit during 2004-2005. Secondly, we determined the impacts of different management regimes on invertebrate fauna and diversity in Cypriot olive groves. We selected high and low altitude olive groves with no management, tillage only, or tillage – pesticide – fertilizer application. During this study, 12,387 arthropods were recorded and identified from 18 different orders or higher taxa. Our results showed that pesticide application on olive tree canopies significantly reduces the abundance and diversity of arthropods. We also determined the impacts of management regimes on woodlouse fauna. We found significant reductions in woodlouse abundance with tillage combined with pesticide and fertilizer application. Thirdly, we used butterflies as an indicator group to identify the importance of forest and garrigue habitats for biodiversity conservation in Cyprus. Transect counts were used to assess the abundance and diversity of butterflies in old and young forests. We observed a significant effect of forest type on the abundance of butterflies. The number of butterflies and the number of endemic species was also higher in old forests than young forests. Also we used butterflies to evaluate the conservation value of grassland and shrubland mosaics within garrigue ecosystems in Cyprus. Habitat type showed a highly significant effect on butterfly abundance, this was particularly the case with endemics. Greater abundance was observed during early and the late season in grassland habitats. The results underline the potential conservation significance of agricultural ecosystems and should serve to promote ecologically sustainable agricultural production systems in Cyprus. Also as a result of this thesis, identification and protection of grassland-shrubland mosaics in garrigue ecosystems and old mature forests along Kyrenia Range Mountains should be considered priorities in future conservation programmes.
38
Michaelides, Anthony. "Vocational cooperative education in Cyprus, 1960-1986." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6691/.
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Christodoulou, Eleni. "The politics of peace education in Cyprus." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6030/.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this thesis is \(resistance\) \(to\) \(peace\) \(education\) in the conflict-ridden island of Cyprus. Departing from the premise that education, and in particular antagonistic historical narratives immersed in demonised articulations of the Other, have obstructed the transformation of the conflict, I attempt to uncover what is crippling constructive dialogue and critical thinking when it comes to peace education in the Greek-Cypriot community and bring forward ways to improve this. In particular, I analyse negative hegemonic discourses over potential changes to history textbooks that not only distort the objectives of peace education, but also exacerbate existing fears and insecurities. These nationalist discourses present changes associated with peace education as a betrayal and threat to the nationalist struggle, a process I argue constitutes the \(securitization\) of peace education. Through the ‘politics of peace education’ framework, I show how within a particular community, institutions and discourses both constitute and are constitutive of, asymmetric power relationships that act as impediments to peace education. I expose and interrogate the conditions of possibility that ensure resistance to peace education is not only reproduced, but is also successful through the exercise of asymmetrical power relations.
40
Cirakli, Mustafa. "Identity, immigration and citizenship in northern Cyprus." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/87432/.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the impact of Turkish ‘settlers’ on conceptions of collective identity in northern Cyprus during the period 1995-2013. It traces the discursive effects of immigration and the citizenship status of populations from Turkey on competing identity narratives in the context of Cyprus’s EU accession by focusing on three distinct empirical domains: political parties, civil society and the print media. Inspired by the conceptual framework of the poststructuralist discourse theory and constructivist readings on nationalism and immigration, the investigation seeks to explain the discursive mechanisms of identity construction and transformation in relation to immigration from Turkey which represents a key element in the narration of identity in northern Cyprus. More specifically, the thesis explores how the presence of populations from Turkey has been framed within the dominant narratives on identity along two antagonistic versions: Turkishness and Cypriotness. Using qualitative methodology based on discourse analysis, the empirical sections trace the continuity and change in these narratives and their framing of the ‘settler issue’ in the course of Cyprus’s EU accession and the ongoing anticipation on part of the Turkish-Cypriot community for eventual membership. The purpose of the investigation is to reveal the logic of securitization within both discourses that compete to attach a meaning onto identity in northern Cyprus. The findings demonstrate that the discursive space of the Turkish-Cypriot community is dominated by these competing, securitised versions of subjectivity and belonging. Traditionally interpreted within the hegemony of Turkishness, the antagonistic reading of immigration and the citizenship status of ‘settlers’ by the subversive Cypriotness discourse also reveals the potential to significantly increase the appeal of alternative visions and projects through securitization. Indeed, the northern Cyprus case testifies that appeal to identity involves much more than a source of self-identification, involving a contestation over autonomy, statehood and purpose. In this sense, the thesis aspires to make a contribution in both empirical and conceptual terms. The investigation of identity politics in relation to Turkish ‘settlers’ provides fascinating empirical findings on Turkish-Cypriot politics and society but also the Turkish-Cypriot perceptions of Turkey which have attracted limited scholarly attention thus far. Placing the investigation within the wider discourse-analytical framework also offers significant insights to complement existing understandings of the political relevance of identity in particularly intriguing migration settings found in unrecognised states but also in other contexts involving similar dynamics such as the presence of a ‘kin’state. The current thesisthus offers a particular aspect of the infamous ‘Cyprus Problem’ but one that points to many ‘bigger’ stories in Europe and beyond.
41
Mama, Maria. "Exploring primary teachers' beliefs and practices with technology in Cyprus." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265524.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores uses of educational technology as echoed in teachers' beliefs and classroom practices. The research is situated in Cyprus, where integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in schools remains in its infancy. The literature reveals that the 'impact' of ICT use on education has been limited; the overall scene is one of teachers unable to make advanced use of the range of possible applications and tools. This thesis is premised on the argument that these limited uses can be explained by the lack of incorporation of an effective pedagogy. On the basis that understanding teachers' pedagogical rationales and responses in depth is crucial for the successful implementation of an ICT initiative, especially when this is still at an early stage, as in Cyprus, I investigate teachers' philosophies and practices of ICT integration. In particular, my research is devoted to identifying the relationship between their beliefs and actual practices with technology in the classroom and the factors that influence this relationship. In view of the overabundance of survey studies measuring self-reported attitudes and practices, and taking into account that practice does not always reflect beliefs, direct evidence of practice beyond self-reports expecting to bridge research with school reality became an imperative. Moreover, the nature of my focus required in-depth understanding and exploration. Therefore a multi-case design was conducted, involving 11 primary school teachers serving in a unique, in terms of technological infrastructure, state school in Cyprus. A questionnaire, pre-lesson interviews, direct classroom observations, and post-lesson interviews cowprised the data collection methods. The Activity Theory model was employed as an analytical tool. Within- and cross-case thematic analyses indicated four main types of response which led to sample grouping; the responses and the groups which emerged were differentiated on the basis of teachers' beliefs about technology in education, their practice with ICT in the classroom, the level of (in)consistency between reported a; d observed practices, and the impact of the external factors on their practice. Following the analyses, an additional round of interviews with three Ministry officials, involved in the educational technology sector, was undertaken to shed more light on the main study findings. Moreover, most teachers encountered considerable difficulty in articulating and explaining the reasons behind their choices with ICT. This indicates that their reported acknowledgement of its benefits for teaching and learning might not have necessarily been informed by their personal experience but more by their inclination to respond 'properly'. The last point is also corroborated by the inconsistency identified in most of the cases between reported and observed practices, in terms of the frequency and sophistication of teacher and student interaction with technology. Several contextual factors, both school- and system-related, appear to have provoked this inconsistency; inadequate technical support and maintenance, lack of pedagogical support rn using ICT, time and curriculum constraints, and problematic communication between the involved agents, constitute the main ones. However, these external factors, which were the same for all participants, had varying impact on the four emerging groups, highlighting the influence of additional, teacher-related factors. These include teachers' limited ICT competence, lack of awareness of tools and support available to them, attachment to traditional teaching styles which enhanced existing (rather than resulting in a changed) pedagogy 'behind' ICT use, and perception of their role and professional responsibilities. The findings highlight the requirement for teachers to understand fully the affordances of a technology, which would encourage their engagement in pedagogical reason.ing with it, not necessarily aiming for higher, but, for more purposeful and 'integrational' technology uptake. The tensions, identified within the teachers' activity systems with the help of the Activity Theory model, have implications for change with ICT. These not only concern practitioners but also policy-makers who, having to inform and set the framework for classroom practice, need to justify a new national ICT initiative by clearly relating it to specific pedagogical aims and the curriculum. Implications also arise for the educational technology officials, who orchestrate the policy implementation, and who need to establish effective communication and cooperation between the agents involved. As for the ICT district coordinators, who are responsible for supporting teachers' classroom uses of technology, the findings suggest that they should tackle technical and maintenance issues promptly. Mo reover, 1�t 1� s i�m portant that they encourage teachers to make informed decisions by indicating the p~dagogical ~otential of the available tools to them. It would also be useful if, when possible, they situated the use of technology in specific lesson settings to encourage meaningful integration. Finally, the study offers recommendations to JCT t ram� m� g orgam�s ers and instructors to design and conduct training programmes in association with pedagogical approaches. Teachers need support not in advancing their isolated technology uses but in improving the quality of their teaching through integrating technology in their pedagogical practice.
42
Konis, Costas Yerasimos. "Energy management and conservation in the hotel industry of Cyprus : a systematic modelling approach." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3517.
Full textAbstract:
The present research has investigated the problem of energy management and conservation in the Hotel sector of Cyprus; one of the most important and most dynamic sectors of the island's economy. The methodology of the soft systems approach was considered as the most appropriate method for tackling the complexities involved in the problem situation. The outcome of the research demonstrated that the adoption of this methodology is suitable for investigating problems of energy management and conservation and can indeed be extended by use of "systemic" interactive computer simulation methods. The existing problem situation in the Hotel industry was investigated through design and execution of questionnaires addressed to the main human actors, energy audits, site visits, discussions and statistical analysis of energy related factors. Serious deficiencies were found at all levels. Energy consumption and use patterns were analysed with respect to quantity, quality and timing of energy use. Existing and new technologies were evaluated using life cycle cost-effective analysis methods. Evaluation of alternative energy supply "mixes" using computer simulation techniques were made, which demonstrated the viability of cogeneration, wind and solar collection approaches in some situations. The research concluded that: (a) there is good scope for energy conservation (in the range of 10-20%) by modifying user habits, hotel energy demand, remodeling of existing technology and introduction of new energy efficient technology. (b) there is an immediate need to provide training and education to all human factors involved. (c) there is a need to modify existing energy-policies. (d) there is need to introduce new energy management infrastructure at National level and below. (e) there is real need for changing the attitudes towards energy conservation of all "actors" involved. (f) there is need for further investigation of the energy supply and demand patterns of hotels. Recommendations concerning the introduction of training and education, and changes in policy, attitudes, practice and energy use, and infrastructure are made. All recommendations are based on conceptual models developed following the application of the soft systems methodology.
43
Scott, Julie. "Identity, visibility and legitimacy in Turkish Cypriot tourism development." Thesis, University of Kent, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262465.
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Howells, Sohret Basaran. "Social and cultural impacts of tourism and the tourist motivation : TRNC as a case study." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322384.
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Lai, Chun-kit, and 黎俊傑. "Genetic relations between gabbros and sheeted dykes in the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46089147.
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Konstantinou, Chrysovalentini. "Introducing technology in Cypriot primary music education : examining change in teacher thinking and practice." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708379.
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Xenophontos, Marina. "Ecology of the endemic migratory passerine Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca : the effects of climate change on a restricted range species." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11967.
Full textAbstract:
Migrant birds may be vulnerable to climate change at different stages of their annual cycles especially on the breeding grounds, where changes in phenology may affect their ability to synchronise breeding with the peak of resources availability. Understanding how phenology of breeding, survival and productivity varies between and within years is therefore crucial to understand migrant population dynamics. This thesis describes this variation in the Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca, with particular emphasis on a colour-ringed population at Troodos, Cyprus, 2010-2012. Our results suggest that the phenology of breeding of Cyprus Wheatear is variable with breeding onset and number of breeding attempts probably varying with annual temperature variation. Minimum true survival rates were very high for a small passerine migrant, although they were probably sufficiently annually variable to profoundly affect annual population dynamics. For productivity, nest survival was very high and did not vary between years, or nesting attempts, or with clutch initiation date but it was significantly higher in the chick stage versus the egg stage. Post-fledging survival in the first 4 weeks was very high. Renesting probability was significantly different in all years, yet total productivity per pair was the same in each of three years. Cyprus Wheatears at Troodos showed such high productivity and survival that the population must be a major source population and this was reflected in the very high density of breeding pairs at the study site. Finally we used altitude as a proxy for variation in temperature and investigated how abundance, productivity and phenology in Cyprus Wheatears varied between and within years, from sea level to 1952m, using transect surveys to record breeding birds across Cyprus. Cyprus Wheatears were common in all habitats and altitudes; altitudinal temperature variation probably affected the occurrence of double brooding and so the timing of chick production, but not the onset of breeding. The results suggest that Cyprus Wheatears are already very well adapted to high variation in temperature within and between seasons, changing investment accordingly.
48
Kalantzopoulos, Dimitrios. "Competing political spaces in colonial Cyprus, 1931-1950." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/competing-political-spaces-in-colonial-cyprus-19311950(f787d75e-cf34-4f28-a26e-d0bc45ce71e5).html.
Full textAbstract:
The outbreak of the October Revolt in 1931 provided the government in Cyprus with an ideal opportunity to act against its political opponents and repress political activity in the island. But the authoritarian regime failed to dampen the growing political ferment in Cyprus, which would ultimately make British colonial rule unsustainable. This thesis seeks to explore the politicization of Cypriot society and to interpret the discourses and dynamics of the emerging political spaces. In particular, it focuses on three key themes in the making of contemporary Cyprus: first, the confrontation between secular and confessional politics and the consolidation of nationalism in the Greek-Cypriot community; second, the processes through which nationalist politics eventually prevailed within the Turkish-Cypriot community, at the expense of the traditional, pro-British elite; and thirdly, the emergence and consolidation of a ‘Left’ political space, dominated by the labour movement and AKEL. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s the Orthodox Church sought to claim an ethnarchic leadership over the Greek-Cypriot community, promoting a nationalist politics, bonded by the claim to enosis, or union of Cyprus with Greece. The confessional politics of the community, however, came to be challenged by the gradual formation of a broad secular political space, marked by the foundation of AKEL in 1941. The social and political programme put forward by the party gained great appeal among the Greek-Cypriot population, redefining the politics of the community. However, AKEL employed the increasingly hegemonic nationalist discourse and eventually adopted enosist politics. By 1950 ethnarchic enosist politics had prevailed within the community, demonstrating the state’s failure to gain Greek-Cypriots’ loyalty. By contrast, the Muslim traditional pro-British elite lagged behind the rising nationalist politics advocated by a modernist secular Kemalist political force. Despite the Government’s attempts to control its appeal, the modernizing leadership had prevailed within the Turkish-Cypriot community by the end of the Second World War. The new leadership called constantly for communal autonomy and for Cyprus’ restoration to Turkey if Britain left the island, while its cooperation with the Government would be dependent on the political conjunctures throughout the rest of colonial rule. Faced with the increasingly radical Greek-Cypriot nationalism, the Turkish-Cypriot community was gradually nationalized, as demonstrated at the end of the 1940s. Nevertheless, some bi-communal cooperation materialized at the grassroots level: throughout the period under scrutiny Greek- and Turkish-Cypriots participated in common labour mobilizations. Despite the Government’s legal and administrative precautions and the use of repressive measures, the trade unions, supported by the parties of the Left, managed to organize a mass labour movement appealing to broad sections of Cypriot society across ethnic and religious boundaries. However, the adoption of the enosist politics by AKEL and the hardening of the nationalist politics of both the Greek- and Turkish-Cypriot leaderships led to an increasing polarization of Cypriot society on ethnic lines, a process which the labour movement proved unable to avert. By 1950, nationalist politics had prevailed within both communities, leading to the consolidation of the ethnic division of Cypriot society in the following years.
49
Angelidou, Kakia. "Successful headship leadership in primary schools in Cyprus." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13044/.
Full textAbstract:
This research explored the nature and conduct of successful leadership in the context of Cyprus; how policy and school contexts and heads' experience influence headship leadership. The empirical findings of this study draw upon ethnographic methods rooted within the naturalistic paradigm in order to illuminate the complex and dynamic nature of headship leadership in a specific country context. A group often successful heads in urban primary schools of Cyprus was selected. Data was collected through observations, a review of a number of schools' documents and semi-structured interviews carried out with each of the successful heads and with people that had everyday conduct with them. The overall findings provided empirical evidence of the complexity of successful head teachers day-to-day practices and pointed to the positive and negative in themes of 'policy contexts', 'the values of society' and 'school and experience contexts'. These results support earlier evidence on successful leadership but also extend this. The evidence from this research has important implications for head teachers' learning and development and the role of the government in raising standards of schooling in Cyprus.
50
Jepson, A. C. "Gardens in Cyprus : reflections of being and doing." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.653000.
Full textAbstract:
Cyprus is a place that, particularly over recent months, is beginning to dismantle the scaffolding of political deadlock that has blighted the country for the past thirty years. The Turkish invasion of 1974 happened only thirteen years after Cyprus had gained independence from the British, and so the process of creating itself was abruptly and violently truncated. Life, of course, goes on, and this thesis broadly examines some aspects of that life through one very quotidian aspect of that continuity - gardening. What follows brings the practice of gardening, and gardens as cultural artefacts into the forefront of anthropological consideration. It also uses gardens as a starting point to build on the rich anthropology of Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean. Avoiding the niche that Cyprus inhabits as a political ‘problem’, the analysis acknowledges its liminality by dint of its physical location between three continents, and at least two ‘zones’ of anthropological theorising: namely the Mediterranean and the Arab World. A temptation to regionalise is resisted. Account is taken however, of local essentialising, which was a distinctive feature of the fieldwork. With EU expansion, the question of where Europe begins and ends is as political a preoccupation as it is a preoccupation of anthropological theorising. In one form or another, the discourse around the relationship with Europe has been present in the Greek world for a long time, and persists in Cyprus, and this is a thematic thread that runs through the thesis. Over the past thirty years, the south of the island has vigorously promoted itself as a holiday destination, and the main income for Cypriots is from tourism. The debates around the impact of tourism are examined both through the contests over the ‘environment’ and over what is the ‘authentic’ Cyprus. It is argued that the authentic Cyprus is happening in spite of the heavy use of pathos (bathos) in some political rhetoric that exploits the trauma of the invasion and subsequent events, and the thesis engages with this rhetoric. This authentic, ordinary Cyprus is found, for example, in the intimate gardens that refugees have created; in the abandoned vineyards that surround so many of the villages because of mass migration to the cities; and in gardens created as expressions of self, of status, or of ideology.