Academic literature on the topic 'Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii"

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Cheng, Xiaoliang, Honglan Shi, Craig D. Adams, Terry Timmons, and Yinfa Ma. "Effects of oxidative and physical treatments on inactivation of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and removal of cylindrospermopsin." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.385.

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The presence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms (or blue-green algae) in water bodies used either as drinking water or for recreational purposes may present serious health risks for the human population. In this study, the removal of the chemical toxin, cylindrospermopsin, via free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, monochloramine, permanganate, ozone, and UV irradiation was studied. Ozone and free chlorine were found to be highly effective for cylindrospermopsion removal while the other disinfectants were ineffective. Ozone and free chlorine were also determined to be highly effective for the inactivation of the cyanobacteria, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, at typical water treatment exposures, chlorine dioxide, monochloramine, and permanganate were only marginally effective at inactivation of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii.
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Fonseca, A. L., J. Da Silva, E. A. Nunes, S. M. F. O. Azevedo, and R. M. Soares. "In vivo genotoxicity of treated water containing the cylindrospermopsin-producer Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 3 (March 19, 2014): 474–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.087.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is an alkaloid commonly produced by some cyanobacteria that has been implicated in outbreaks of human illness. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii cellular content (including CYN) and its byproducts resulting from chlorination during water treatment. DNA damage in blood and liver cells was analysed by the comet assay and micronucleus test (MN). Mice were injected intraperitoneally with the following treatments: (a) physiological saline, (b) treated water, (c) treated water plus C. raciborskii extract (CYN producer strain, CYPO-011 K), (d) C. raciborskii extract (CYN producer strain, CYPO-011 K), (e) C. raciborskii extract (CYN non producer strain), and (f) treated water plus C. raciborskii extract (CYN non producer strain) extract. After 48 h, samples were taken to perform tests (blood and liver cells to the comet assay and bone marrow to MN test). The CYPO-011 K had a genotoxic and mutagenic effects on liver and bone marrow cells. The group that received chlorine-treated water plus CYPO-011 K also exhibited genotoxic effects in the liver, as well as in the blood, and a mutagenic effect in blood marrow cells. The results emphasise the need of improving CYN monitoring in waters bodies in order to reduce the risk of human exposure.
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Saker, Martin L., and Dilwyn J. Griffiths. "Occurrence of blooms of the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya and Subba Raju in a north Queensland domestic water supply." Marine and Freshwater Research 52, no. 6 (2001): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf00110.

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This paper describes seasonally recurring blooms of the potentially toxic cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in relation to some limnological characteristics of Lake Julius, a large man-made water impoundment in Australia’s semi-arid tropics. These blooms have occurred each year since 1991, with subsurface concentrations of >50 000 cells mL–1. Periods of greater cyanobacterial abundance are characterized by reduced rates of vertical mixing of the water column, reduced mixed:euphotic depth ratios and high epilimnetic temperatures (>25˚C). Surface scums were not observed and, in general, this species displays a fairly uniform distribution throughout the euphotic zone and below. An isolate of C. raciborskii taken from Lake Julius during a bloom in November 1995 and grown in pure culture produced no symptoms of poisoning when tested by mouse bioassay, and absence of detectable concentrations of the hepatotoxin cylindrospermopsin was confirmed by HPLC/MS-MS. Low concentrations of cylindrospermopsin (~1–2 g L–1) were detected in the lake during blooms of C. raciborskii.
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Costa, I. A. S., S. M. F. O. Azevedo, P. A. C. Senna, R. R. Bernardo, S. M. Costa, and N. T. Chellappa. "Occurrence of toxin-producing cyanobacteria blooms in a Brazilian semiarid reservoir." Brazilian Journal of Biology 66, no. 1b (February 2006): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842006000200005.

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We report the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and the presence of cyanotoxins in water samples from the Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves reservoir (06° 08’ S and 37° 07’ W), located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. The cyanobacterial species were identified and quantified during the rainy and dry seasons in the year 2000. Cyanotoxins such as microcystins, saxitoxins and cylindrospermopsins were analyzed and quantified using HPLC and ELISA methods. The mixed toxic blooms of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Microcystis spp (M. panniformis, M. protocystis, M. novacekii) and Aphanizomenon spp (Aphanizomenon gracile, A. cf. manguinii, A. cf. issastschenkoi) were persistent and represented 90-100% of the total phytoplankton species. Toxic cyanobacterial blooms from the Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves reservoir were analyzed and found to have three phases in relation to the annual cycle. During the rainy season, an intense toxic bloom of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii was recorded along with saxitoxins (3.14 µg.L-1). During the transition period, between the rainy and dry seasons, different species of Microscytis occurred and microcystin as high as 8.8 µg.L-1 was recorded. In the dry season, co-dominance of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Microcystis spp and Aphanizomenon spp occurred and the concentrations of saxitoxin remained very low. Our results indicate the presence of microcystins (8.8 µg.L-1) and saxitoxins (3.14 µg.L-1) into the crude water, with increasing concentrations from the second fortnight of April to late May 2000. The occurrence of toxic blooms in this reservoir points to a permanent risk of cyanotoxins in supply waters, indicating the need for the implementation of bloom control measures to improve the water quality. Exposure of the local population to cyanotoxins through their potential accumulation in fish muscle must also be considered.
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Dyble, Julianne, Hans W. Paerl, and Brett A. Neilan. "Genetic Characterization of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) Isolates from Diverse Geographic Origins Based on nifH and cpcBA-IGS Nucleotide Sequence Analysis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 5 (May 2002): 2567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.5.2567-2571.2002.

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ABSTRACT Isolates of the toxic, N2-fixing species Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii from various geographic locations were analyzed with respect to their genetic diversity based on the nifH and cpcBA-IGS genes. Gene sequences clustered according to their geographic origin, with the nifH sequences separating into European, Australian, and American groups and the cpcBA-IGS sequences separating into American and European or Australian groups. PCR primers for both genes were designed to exclusively amplify DNA from Cylindrospermopsis species, and an additional primer set for cpcBA-IGS was designed to specifically amplify the American C. raciborskii strains.
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Ohtani, Ikuko, Richard E. Moore, and Maria T. C. Runnegar. "Cylindrospermopsin: a potent hepatotoxin from the blue-green alga Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii." Journal of the American Chemical Society 114, no. 20 (September 1992): 7941–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00046a067.

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Senogles, P., G. Shaw, M. Smith, R. Norris, R. Chiswell, J. Mueller, R. Sadler, and G. Eaglesham. "Degradation of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin, from Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, by chlorination." Toxicon 38, no. 9 (September 2000): 1203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(99)00210-x.

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Bakheet, Belal, Md Ashraful Islam, John Beardall, Xiwang Zhang, and David McCarthy. "Electrochemical inactivation of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and removal of the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin." Journal of Hazardous Materials 344 (February 2018): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.024.

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FUJIMOTO, NAOSHI, SAYAKA KONNO, YUKI YOSHINO, AKIHIRO OHNISHI, MASAHARU SUZUKI, MOTOYUKI MIZUOCHI, and YUHEI INAMORI. "Production of hepatotoxin cylindrospermopsin in the batch culture of cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii." Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology 41, no. 3 (2005): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2521/jswtb.41.153.

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Hoff-Risseti, Caroline, Felipe Augusto Dörr, Patricia Dayane Carvalho Schaker, Ernani Pinto, Vera Regina Werner, and Marli Fatima Fiore. "Cylindrospermopsin and Saxitoxin Synthetase Genes in Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Strains from Brazilian Freshwater." PLoS ONE 8, no. 8 (August 28, 2013): e74238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074238.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii"

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Norris, Ross L. G. "Toxicology of compounds from the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16950.pdf.

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Hepp, Keli. "Composição, variação temporal e espacial de cianobactérias, com ênfase na espécie cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (woloszynska) seenayya & subba raju no lago do Parque Professor Theobaldo Dick, Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIVATES, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10737/88.

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O desenvolvimento de florações de algas e cianobactérias vêm sendo cada vez mais frequente à medida que os ambientes aquáticos sofrem as interferências de ações antrópicas. Florações de cianobactérias são as principais responsáveis por problemas sanitários, devido ao potencial de produção de toxinas de certas espécies, além de conferir odor e coloração às águas. Tais fenômenos constituem sérios riscos à biota aquática e à comunidade associada, assim como à saúde pública. Em virtude da ocorrência de florações de cianobactérias no lago do Parque Professor Theobaldo Dick no município de Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, possivelmente associada à mortandade de peixes documentada durante a floração, e por este se encontrar em uma área de preservação permanente, realizou-se uma avaliação da composição e da variação temporal e espacial de cianobactérias deste ecossistema. Foram analisadas 23 amostras durante os meses de fevereiro/2008 a janeiro/2009. As amostras de água foram obtidas mensalmente através da passagem de frasco na subsuperfície da água em dois pontos do lago. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis ambientais: temperatura do ar e da água (oC), pluviosidade (mm), transparência (m), pH, oxigênio dissolvido (mg.L-1), nitrogênio total (mg.L-1) e fósforo total (mg.L-1). A classe Cyanophyceae, objetivo deste estudo, esteve representada por 11 táxons, sendo Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya & Subba Raju a espécie dominante durante o período estudado, com exceção do mês de janeiro/09 quando foi considerada abundante. A densidade (ind.mL-1) de cianobactérias representou 71,32% da densidade total verificada. A incidência destes organismos esteve relacionada às condições físico-químicas da água como consequência do lançamento de águas residuárias domésticas “in natura” no lago. Testes de toxicidade detectaram a presença de neurotoxinas, provavelmente associadas à morte de peixes registradas no lago.
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Guimarães, Hindria Renally Cavalcanti. "Avaliação da remoção de saxitoxina no tratamento de água de abastecimento em sistema convencional seguido de adsorção em carvão ativado granular (CAG)." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/1916.

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The research aimed to evaluate the saxitoxin removal of the water supply in the conventional system followed by adsorption through granular activated carbon (GAC). The experiment was performed in three steps. In the first, coagulation diagrams were constructed for the aluminum sulfate. In the second stage, tests were conducted with aluminum sulfate and auxiliary coagulant (anionic and cationic polymers). In the third stage was carried conventional treatment (coagulation / flocculation /sedimentation / filtration) followed by adsorption on a column of granular activated carbon (GAC), in bench scale. The system was composed of a polypropylene plastic container for the storage of decanted water derived from the jar tests, with a capacity of 100 liters. The reservoir is connected via two peristaltic pumps with controlled flow for 1L/ h. Each pump is connected to two sand laboratory filters (SLF), which connected themselves to two columns of CAG, CC1 and CC2, with different coal granulometries. The system was monitored for 48 hours. The results of the coagulation tests showed good removal efficiency (>50%) for water of study (WS) at the natural pH of water (7.6), at a dosage of aluminum sulfate 25 mg/L, both in terms of turbidity and remaining true color. When evaluated the representability of the data, it was observed that the removal efficiency was not repeated. In the third stage, there was low saxitoxin removal by conventional treatment (7%), the removal was processed in the adsorption columns. CC1 and CC2 obtained removals ranging from 100 to 70%. However, for the maximum percentage removal CC2 removed greater amount of saxitoxin per unit time compared to CC1, nearly six hours of difference. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms showed better settings to the CC2 for the evaluated samples of activated carbon.
A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal avaliar a remoção de saxitoxina de água de abastecimento utilizando tratamento convencional seguido de adsorção por carvão ativado granular (CAG). O experimento foi realizado em três etapas. Na primeira, foram construídos diagramas de coagulação para o sulfato de alumínio. Na segunda etapa, foram realizados ensaios com sulfato de alumino e coagulantes auxiliares (polímeros aniônicos e catiônicos). Na terceira etapa foi realizado o tratamento convencional (coagulação/ floculação/ sedimentação/ filtração) seguido de adsorção em coluna de carvão ativado granular (CAG), em escala de bancada. O sistema esteve formado por um reservatório de plástico de polipropileno para o armazenamento de água decantada proveniente do jar tests, com capacidade para 100 litros. O reservatório foi interligado por intermédio de duas bombas peristálticas com vazão controlada para 1L/h. Cada bomba conectava-se a dois filtros de laboratório de areia (FLA), que se acoplavam a duas colunas de CAG, CC1 e CC2, com carvão de granulometrias distintas. O sistema foi monitorado durante 48h. Os resultados dos ensaios de coagulação mostraram boa eficiência de remoção (> 50 %) para água de estudo (AE) com pH natural da água (7,6), para uma dosagem de sulfato de alumínio de 25mg/L , tanto em termos de turbidez quanto de cor verdadeira remanescentes. Para os ensaios com polímeros sintéticos, o polímero catiônico, em geral, se destacou em relação ao polímero aniônico com percentuais médios de remoção de 57% para remoção de cor verdadeira. Quando avaliada a representabilidade dos dados, observou-se que as eficiências de remoções não se repetiram. Na terceira etapa, houve baixa remoção saxitoxina por parte tratamento convencional (7%), a remoção se processou nas colunas de adsorção. A CC1 e a CC2 obteram remoções entre 100 e 70%, entretanto, para percentuais máximos de remoção a CC2 removeu maior quantidade de saxitoxina por unidade de tempo em relação a CC1, praticamente seis horas de diferença. As isotermas de Freundlich e Langmuir para as amostras de carvão ativado avaliadas aprestaram melhores ajustes para a CC2.
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Dörr, Fabiane. "Efeito do herbicida glifosato sobre o crescimento e produção de metabólitos secundários em Microcystis aeruginosa e Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9141/tde-10062015-171941/.

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Cianobactérias, conhecidas por sua habilidade de sintetizar metabólitos com ação tóxica, podem se tornar dominantes em águas com altas concentrações de nitrogênio e fósforo. Embora a toxicidade do glifosato, o herbicida mais usado no mundo, em alguns organismos aquáticos seja conhecida, poucos estudos abordam o efeito desse composto sobre a produção de metabólitos secundários por cianobactérias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes concentrações de glifosato (produto técnico) sobre o crescimento e produção de cianotoxinas e microgininas pelas cepas brasileiras Microcystis aeruginosa LTPNA 08 e Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii CENA 302. Na presença de 15 mg/L de glifosato, o crescimento e a produção de toxinas pela M. aeruginosa foram reduzidos e de microgininas significativamente aumentada. Já a C. raciborskii, quando exposta à 20 mg/L de glifosato teve seu crescimento e síntese de clorofila-a, carotenoides e saxitoxinas aumentados. Concentrações superiores a 20 e 30 mg/L impediram o crescimento celular das cepas LTPNA 08 e CENA 302, respectivamente. A análise de ácidos graxos mostrou perfis bastante distintos entre as cepas. Na cepa LTPNA 08, enquanto que na presença de 10 mg/L de glifosato ocorreu diminuição do teor do ácido linoleico, o ácido estearidônico foi aumentado. Nenhuma das concentrações testadas promoveu alteração sobre o perfil de ácidos graxos da cepa CENA 302. A toxicidade de 5 produtos formulados a base de glifosato foi comparada ao produto técnico em ambas as linhagens-teste. Observou-se uma resistência distinta entre as cepas e toxicidade também variável entre as formulações comerciais. Sendo assim, diante da elevada resistência das cianobactérias M. aeruginosa e C. raciborskii ao glifosato, e considerando-se a elevada interferência antrópica através das práticas agrícolas, pode-se inferir que o uso excessivo e frequente desse herbicida é capaz de estimular o crescimento e dominância desses organismos, podendo modificar a estrutura e funcionalidade de ecossistemas aquáticos
Cyanobacteria, known for their ability to synthesize toxic metabolites, can become dominant in water bodies with high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. Although the toxicity of glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide in the world, in some aquatic organisms is well known, few studies address the effect of this compound on the production of secondary metabolites by cyanobacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations the herbicide glyphosate (technical grade) on growth and production of cyanotoxins and microginins by Brazilian strains of Microcystis aeruginosa LTPNA 08 and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii CENA 302. In the presence of 15 mg/L of glyphosate, growth and toxin production by M. aeruginosa were reduced and microginins cell quota significantly increased. The C. raciborskii strain, when exposed to 20 mg/L of glyphosate, had the growth, and chlorophyll-a, carotenoids and saxitoxins production increased. Concentrations above 20 and 30 mg/L prevented cell growth of LTPNA 08 and CENA 302 strains, respectively. Fatty acid analysis showed distinct profiles among the strains. When exposed to 10 mg/L of glyphosate, a decrease in the linoleic acid and increase in stearidonic acid content were observed in M. aeruginosa LTPNA 08 strain. None of the tested concentrations of glyphosate promoted change on the fatty acid profile of CENA 302 strain. The toxicity of 5 glyphosate formulated products was compared to technical product to both strains. There was a distinct resistance among strains and also a variable toxicity among formulated products. Thus, given the high glyphosate resistance of M. aeruginosa and C. raciborskii cyanobacteria, and considering the high anthropogenic interference through agri cultural practices, it can be inferred that excessive and frequent use of this herbicide is able to stimulate growth and dominance of these organisms, which may modify the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems
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Buch, Bruna [UNESP]. "Ecofisiologia de morfotipos reto e espiralado de Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) em condições controladas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87891.

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Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii é uma espécie formadora de florações potencialmente tóxicas em sistemas aquáticos eutrofizados, inclusive naqueles utilizados para abastecimento público, podendo trazer riscos à saúde humana. Esta espécie apresenta morfologia do tricoma reto, sigmóide e espiralado, sendo que as razões para esta variação ainda não foram claramente definidas. Estudos comparativos de seqüências genéticas têm demonstrado que a morfologia não está relacionada à filogenia do gênero Cylindrospermopsis e que os diferentes morfotipos representam uma única espécie. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: avaliar os efeitos de duas diferentes intensidades luminosas (30 e 90 μmol.m-2.s-1) e temperaturas (21 e 31°C) no crescimento e na morfologia de tricomas de uma linhagem reta (ITEP28) e outra espiralada (ITEP31) e, testar a hipótese de que ambos os morfotipos respondam negativamente à intensidade luminosa e temperatura altas. As linhagens reta e espiralada apresentaram pequenas diferenças na morfometria celular nas diferentes condições testadas. Além disso, a linhagem espiralada apresentou alterações na morfologia do tricoma, mostrando uma plasticidade fenotípica maior em relação à linhagem reta. Ambas as linhagens se adaptaram às condições testadas, embora a linhagem reta tenha apresentado velocidades máximas (V(x)= 3,21; 3,63; 3,89) de crescimento maiores que a linhagem espiralada (V(x)= 0,97; 1,07; 1,61; 1,80). Na condição de 90 μmol.m-2.s-1 e 21°C, a linhagem reta não atingiu a fase exponencial do crescimento, enquanto a linhagem espiralada demorou para atingir a velocidade máxima de crescimento, e este foi interrompido antes. Nas condições de temperatura baixa (21°C) não houve produção de acinetos. Além disso, esta condição de temperatura baixa aliada a intensidade luminosa alta (90 μmol.m-2.s-1) prejudicou o crescimento de ambas...
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a potentially toxic bloom former species in eutrophic aquatic systems, including water supply reservoirs where it can bring risks to human health. This species shows straight, sigmoid and coiled trichome morphology and the reasons to this variation aren’t clarified yet. Comparative studies of genetic sequences have been indicated that morphology isn’t related with the Cylindrospermopsis genus phylogeny, thus the different morphotypes represents a single species. The aims of this study were: to evaluate the effects of two different light intensities (30 and 90 μmol.m-2.s-1) and temperatures (21 and 31°C) on growth and morphology of straight (ITEP28) and coiled (ITEP31) morphotypes and, to test the hypothesis that both morphotypes respond negatively to the high light intensity and temperature. The straight and coiled morphotypes showed a little difference in the cell width and length measurements in the tested conditions. Moreover, the coiled trichome exhibited morphological changes that indicated greater phenotipical plasticity than the straight one. Both strains were adapted to the tested conditions, although the straight one showed higher growth velocity (V(x)= 3,21; 3,63; 3,89) than the coiled one (V(x)= 0,97; 1,07; 1,61; 1,80). In the condition of 90 μmol.m-2.s-1 and 21°C, the coiled morphotype delays to reach the maximum growth velocity, thus the growth was interrupted before that. In the conditions of low temperature (21°C) there is no akinetes production. Furthermore, this condition of low temperature associated with high light intensity (90 μmol.m-2.s-1) harmed the growth of both morphotypes. Therefore, the results found opposed to the considered hypothesis that both morphotypes are susceptible to the high light intensity and temperature in culture controlled conditions, since both morphotypes reached the highest growth velocity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Melo, Ana Elisa Silva de. "Avaliação da filtração lenta na remoção de células de Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii e saxitoxinas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/6464.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2006.
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O presente trabalho apresenta uma avaliação do desempenho da filtração lenta na remoção de células viáveis de Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii e de saxitoxinas na água para consumo humano. Também foi realizada uma investigação preliminar da potencialidade da pré-filtração ascendente em pedregulho como sistema de pré-tratamento para a filtração lenta no tratamento de águas com elevada presença de células de C. raciborskii. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em escala piloto, e divido em duas etapas experimentais. Na 1ª Etapa Experimental, a instalação piloto era constituída por um sistema de filtração lenta, composto por dois filtros lentos operando em paralelo. Já na 2ª Etapa Experimental, foi adicionada à instalação piloto uma unidade de pré-filtração ascendente em pedregulho precedendo os filtros lentos. Os filtros lentos foram operados com taxa de filtração de 3m3/m2.dia e o pré-filtro ascendente em pedregulho com taxa de filtração de 10m3/m2.dia. Durante a 1ª Etapa Experimental, foi avaliado o desempenho dos filtros lentos quando alimentados com água bruta (lago Paranoá) inoculada com diferentes concentrações de células de C. raciborskii (105 a 6x106céls./mL) ou saxitoxinas extracelulares (3μg/L). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, o processo de filtração lenta foi bastante eficiente na remoção de células de C. raciborskii com concentrações da ordem de 105 céls./mL. Entretanto, para as concentrações mais elevadas de C. raciborskii (acima de 1x106 céls./mL), a filtração lenta como única etapa de tratamento não se apresentou como alternativa mais apropriada, pois permite o traspasse de turbidez, clorofila-a, saxitoxinas intra e extracelulares, além de apresentar acelerado desenvolvimento da perda de carga. Nos períodos de traspasse, ocasionados pelo carreamento de células de C. raciborskii previamente retidas no meio filtrante, os filtros lentos produziram efluentes com valores de turbidez, clorofila-a, saxitoxinas intracelulares em torno de 2UT, 10μ/L e 5μg/L, respectivamente. Foi detectada a presença de saxitoxinas extracelulares na água filtrada quando o filtro lento era alimentado com 106 céls./mL de C. raciborskii, confirmando a ocorrência de lise de parte das células retidas no meio filtrante. Foi também observado um impacto negativo da presença de saxitoxinas na água bruta sobre a remoção de coliformes. Os resultados da 2ª Etapa Experimental sugerem que pré-filtração antecedendo a filtração lenta apresenta grande potencial de aplicação no tratamento de águas com elevadas concentrações de células de C. raciborskii (acima de 106 céls./mL). O pré-filtro ascendente em pedregulho conseguiu remover parte das células de C. raciborskii presentes na água bruta produzindo efluentes capazes de evitar o desenvolvimento acelerado da perda de carga nos filtros lentos. Diferentemente do observado com o uso de filtro lento como unidade única de tratamento, a turbidez, o teor de clorofila-a e saxitoxinas totais (intra + extracelulares) dos efluentes dos filtros lentos se mantiveram abaixo de 0,3UT, 2μg/L e 0,2μg/L, respectivamente, mesmo quando a água bruta que alimentava o sistema apresentava concentrações de células de C. raciborskii muito elevadas (7x106 céls./mL). Entretanto, a remoção de turbidez e clorofila-a no pré-filtro ascendente em pedregulho apresentaram valores abaixo dos verificados para essa unidade na literatura. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário a realização de estudos para otimização dos parâmetros de projeto e operação da unidade de pré-filtração. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This work presents an evaluation of the performance of the slow sand filtration in the removal of viable cells of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and extracellular saxitoxin from raw water. Also, it was carmed out a preliminary investigation on the use of the upflow roughing filtration as pretreatment stage for slow sand filtration in treatment of raw water with very high concentration Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii cells. The work was developed in a pilot scale and was carried out in two experimental stages. In the first stage, the pilot plant comprises two slow sand filtration units operated in parallel. In the second stage, an upflow rough filter was installed before the slow sand filters. The slow sand filters were operated at filtration rate of 3m3/m2.day and the upflow rough filter at filtration rate of 10m3/m2.day. During the 1st stage, the slow sand filters were fed with raw water (Paranoá lake water) spiked with different concentrations of a cultived toxic strain C. raciborskii (105 to 6x106cells/mL) or with extracellular saxitoxins (3μg/L). Based on the results, the process of slow sand filtration is very efficient in the removal of cells of C. raciborskii in the range of 105cells/mL. However, for a raw water with higher concentrations of cells of C. raciborskii (>1x106 cells/mL), the slow sand filtration as sole treatment step don’t seems to be the adequate alternative of treatment, once it was observed the occurrence of turbity, chlorophyll-a, intra and extracellular saxitoxins breakthrough. Furthermore a high head-loss development was observed during the filtration process. Breakthrough occurred mainly as a result of detachment of part of the cells previously retained in the filter. During breakthrough periods the slow sand filters produce effluents with concentration of turbity, chlorophyll-a and intracellular saxitoxins higher than 2NTU, 10μg/L and 5μg/L, respectively. When the presence of saxitoxins in the raw water was mostly in the intracellular fraction, raw water with 106cells/mL of C. raciborskii, it was detected presence of extracellular saxitoxins in the filtered water, confirming that cells lyses was occurring in the filter bed. It was confirmed that presence of saxitoxins in the raw water has a negative impact in the removal of coliforms. The results of the 2nd stage suggest that the use of upflow filter before the slow sand filtration shows great potential for the treatment of waters with high concentrations of cells of C. raciborskii (higher than 1x106 cells/mL). The upflow rough filter was able to prevent the high rate of the head-loss development in the slow sand filters that was observed in the 1st stage. The use of the roughing filtration as pretreatment for the slow sand filters allowed these units to produce effluents with turbity, chlorophyll-a and total saxitoxins (intra+extracellular) lower than 0,3NTU, 2μg/L e 0,2μg/L, respectively, even when the concentration of C. raciborskii in the raw water was 7x106cells/mL. However, the removal efficiency of turbity and chlorophyll-a in the upflow rough filter was lower than that reported in the literature. Thus, future studies aiming the optimization of project and operational parameters must be pursued.
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7

Buch, Bruna. "Ecofisiologia de morfotipos reto e espiralado de Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) em condições controladas /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87891.

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Orientador: Maria do Carmo Bittencourt de Oliveira
Banca: Carlos Eduardo de Mattos Bicudo
Banca: João Dias de Toledo Arruda Neto
Resumo: Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii é uma espécie formadora de florações potencialmente tóxicas em sistemas aquáticos eutrofizados, inclusive naqueles utilizados para abastecimento público, podendo trazer riscos à saúde humana. Esta espécie apresenta morfologia do tricoma reto, sigmóide e espiralado, sendo que as razões para esta variação ainda não foram claramente definidas. Estudos comparativos de seqüências genéticas têm demonstrado que a morfologia não está relacionada à filogenia do gênero Cylindrospermopsis e que os diferentes morfotipos representam uma única espécie. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: avaliar os efeitos de duas diferentes intensidades luminosas (30 e 90 μmol.m-2.s-1) e temperaturas (21 e 31°C) no crescimento e na morfologia de tricomas de uma linhagem reta (ITEP28) e outra espiralada (ITEP31) e, testar a hipótese de que ambos os morfotipos respondam negativamente à intensidade luminosa e temperatura altas. As linhagens reta e espiralada apresentaram pequenas diferenças na morfometria celular nas diferentes condições testadas. Além disso, a linhagem espiralada apresentou alterações na morfologia do tricoma, mostrando uma plasticidade fenotípica maior em relação à linhagem reta. Ambas as linhagens se adaptaram às condições testadas, embora a linhagem reta tenha apresentado velocidades máximas (V(x)= 3,21; 3,63; 3,89) de crescimento maiores que a linhagem espiralada (V(x)= 0,97; 1,07; 1,61; 1,80). Na condição de 90 μmol.m-2.s-1 e 21°C, a linhagem reta não atingiu a fase exponencial do crescimento, enquanto a linhagem espiralada demorou para atingir a velocidade máxima de crescimento, e este foi interrompido antes. Nas condições de temperatura baixa (21°C) não houve produção de acinetos. Além disso, esta condição de temperatura baixa aliada a intensidade luminosa alta (90 μmol.m-2.s-1) prejudicou o crescimento de ambas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is a potentially toxic bloom former species in eutrophic aquatic systems, including water supply reservoirs where it can bring risks to human health. This species shows straight, sigmoid and coiled trichome morphology and the reasons to this variation aren't clarified yet. Comparative studies of genetic sequences have been indicated that morphology isn't related with the Cylindrospermopsis genus phylogeny, thus the different morphotypes represents a single species. The aims of this study were: to evaluate the effects of two different light intensities (30 and 90 μmol.m-2.s-1) and temperatures (21 and 31°C) on growth and morphology of straight (ITEP28) and coiled (ITEP31) morphotypes and, to test the hypothesis that both morphotypes respond negatively to the high light intensity and temperature. The straight and coiled morphotypes showed a little difference in the cell width and length measurements in the tested conditions. Moreover, the coiled trichome exhibited morphological changes that indicated greater phenotipical plasticity than the straight one. Both strains were adapted to the tested conditions, although the straight one showed higher growth velocity (V(x)= 3,21; 3,63; 3,89) than the coiled one (V(x)= 0,97; 1,07; 1,61; 1,80). In the condition of 90 μmol.m-2.s-1 and 21°C, the coiled morphotype delays to reach the maximum growth velocity, thus the growth was interrupted before that. In the conditions of low temperature (21°C) there is no akinetes production. Furthermore, this condition of low temperature associated with high light intensity (90 μmol.m-2.s-1) harmed the growth of both morphotypes. Therefore, the results found opposed to the considered hypothesis that both morphotypes are susceptible to the high light intensity and temperature in culture controlled conditions, since both morphotypes reached the highest growth velocity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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8

Cavaliere, Rosalia Biotechnology &amp Biomolecular Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "The regulation of Saxitoxin production in Cyanobacteria." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44403.

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Aquatic microalgae produce a variety of toxic secondary metabolites, which are a concern for public health and seafood industries, while also presenting a source of pharmacologically valuable compounds. The present study deals with the physiology and molecular genetics of saxitoxin (STX), a cyanobacterial neurotoxic alkaloid. Ecological and chemical parameters have been investigated for their effects on growth and STX production in the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii T3, in order to better understand the physiological responses of this cyanobacterium to the anthropogenic eutrophication of water bodies. The results indicated that phosphate, in particular, had an incremental effect on STX production, as well as promoting the up-regulation of transcription of the STX biosynthetic gene cluster (sxt). High temperature was found to negatively affect growth and STX production in this organism. The effects of the plant hormone, jasmonic acid, were also tested, since it has previously been shown to affect plant alkaloid production. The hypothesised similarity between cyanobacterial and plant secondary metabolism in response to this plant hormone was confirmed in the neurotoxic cyanobacterium, C. raciborskii T3, as well as the non-toxic Anabaena sp. PCC7120. Furthermore, investigation of the sxt gene cluster transcriptional map in C. raciborskii T3 was carried out, with identification of three main polycistronic and one monocistronic transcripts. Promoter regions putatively involved in the regulation of STX production in C. raciborskii T3 were also identified. Transcription factor consensus motifs, the pho boxes, were identified in the main promoter region. These conserved motifs are the binding regions for the transcriptional regulator, PhoB, to the pho regulon genes, involved in phosphate uptake during conditions of its depletion in the environment. Moreover, a genomic region adjacent to the sxt gene cluster in C. raciborskii T3 was identified and characterised, putatively encoding a regulatory two-component system. This system appears to be involved in the sensing of environmental signals, in particular depleted phosphate, while activating the transcription of genes involved in its uptake and transport. The results of this study lead to a greater understanding of the complex factors associated with the regulation of STX biosynthesis and bloom-formation, by the cyanobacterium C. raciborskii T3.
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9

Galvanese, Elena Fukasawa. "Concomitant acclimation of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii to temperature and phosphate deficiency reveals distinct strain plastic responses." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/46017.

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Orientador : Prof. Dr. André Andrian Padial
Coorientador : Prof. Dr. Luis Aubriot
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação. Defesa: Curitiba, 03/03/2017
Inclui referências : f. 29-32
Área de concentração
Resumo: Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii é uma das cianobactérias potencialmente tóxica mais estudada. Efeitos de fatores isolados como aumento da temperatura ou desta combinada com luz têm sido descritos como promotores do crescimento de C. raciborskii. Entretanto, ainda não foi descrita a combinação entre deficiência de nutrientes e temperatura. Neste trabalho, as performances de duas cepas de C. raciborskii (MVCC19, uruguaia e LP1, brasileira) foram avaliadas sob aclimatação à mudanças de temperaturas (25°C-32°C) e duas transições de suficiência a deficiência de fósforo. Quando sujeita à transição de alta suficiência à deficiência, somente as cepas aclimatadas à alta temperatura cresceram. A cepa MVCC19 mostrou maior taxa de crescimento e reduzida fase curva de crescimento em relação a LP1. Diferenças morfológicas também foram encontradas: MVCC19 cresceu em número de filamentos menores, enquanto LP1 aumentou não só o número de filamentos como também o comprimento e número de células por filamento ao final da fase exponencial. Nós hipotetizamos que atributos ecofisiológicos e morfológicos das cepas podem refletir as condições dos lagos de origem. LP1 foi isolada de um lago oligo-mesotrófico, o que provavelmente explica sua otimização sob deficiência de fósforo; já crescimento explosivo e menores filamentos de MVCC19 podem refletir condições eutróficas e de alta turbidez. OO efeito positivo da aclimatação à elevada temperatura pode ser consequência da redução do quota celular mínimo, permitindo aos organismos ajustar e superar a depleção de fosfato nos lagos. Palavras-chave: cianobactéria, resposta funcional, ecótipos, lago, fisiologia de alga, funcionamento de ecossistema.
Abstract: Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is one of the most studied potentially harmful cyanobacteria. Effects of single factors like increased temperature or combined with light have been described as promoters of C. raciborskii growth. However, until now it was not described for cyanobacteria the combined effects of nutrient deficiency and temperature. Here, the performances of two strains of C. raciborskii (MVCC19, Uruguayan and LP1, Brazilian) were evaluated under acclimation to temperatures shifts (25ºC - 32ºC) and two transitions from phosphorus (P) sufficiency to deficiency. When subjected to the transition from high P sufficiency to deficiency state, only the temperature acclimated strains developed. The MVCC19 strain showed higher growth rate and less prolonged growth phase than LP1. Also morphologically differences were found: MVCC19 strain grew by production of shorter filaments, while LP1 strain increased in length and number of cells per filament at the end of the exponential phase. We hypothesized that ecophysiological and morphological traits of the strains may reflect the originary lake conditions. The LP1 strain was isolated from an oligo to mesotrophic lake, which probably explains its optimization of growth under phosphorus deficiency. The explosive growth and shorter trichomes of MVCC19 may reflect more eutrophic and turbid lake conditions. The positive effect of previous acclimation to elevated temperature may be consequence of the reduction of minimal internal cellular quota, allowing the organisms to adjust and overcome the phosphate depletion in lakes. Key-words: cyanobacteria, functional response, ecotypes, lake, algae physiology, ecosystem functioning.
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10

Oliveira, Otávio Gomes de. "Desenvolvimento de um equipamento óptico para o estudo do movimento vertical de cianobactérias – Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2007. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3948.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii está entre as principais espécies observadas nas florações de cianobactérias no Brasil. Como essa espécie é potencialmente tóxica, podendo produzir hepatotoxinas e neurotoxinas, a formação de florações constitui um sério problema de interesse público, inclusive, no Brasil. A ocorrência de florações torna muito alto o custo de tratamento da água para consumo humano e, além disso, não existem hoje métodos eficientes para remoção das cianotoxinas da água. Por constituir um problema relevante para toda a sociedade, é imprescindível descrever qualitativa e quantitativamente as respostas desses organismos a fatores externos. Não considerando-se apenas uma situação real, mas também isolando fatores e buscando estabelecer em qual medida cada um deles determina o comportamento dessas cianobactérias. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um equipamento automatizado, de bancada, para ser usado em experimentos que tratem das respostas de cianobactérias ao meio ambiente via regulação de flutuabilidade. Esse equipamento descreve o perfil de distribuição de organismos ao longo de um tubo contendo amostra. Ele pode ser configurado para monitorar essa distribuição ao longo do tempo. Com isso, é possível sujeitar os organismos a algum fator de interesse e avaliar as alterações nas concentrações dos organismos em função da profundidade.
Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is among the most common species observed in cyanobacterial blooms in Brazil. Since this species is potentially toxic (it can produce hepatotoxins and neurotoxins), blooms formation constitute by itself a serious problem, of interest to all the society, including Brazil. The occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms makes the costs of water treatment for human use very expensive. Furthermore, there are no efficient methods nowadays for removing the cyanotoxins from water. Because it is a relevant problem to all the society, it is important to describe quantitatively and qualitatively the responses these organisms have to external factors. Not only considering a real situation, but also trying to isolate factors and establish how important each of them is in determining the behavior of these cyanobacteria. In this work, a fully automatic system is developed to be used in laboratory experiments that focus on the responses of cyanobacteria to the environment via the floating regulation mechanism. This set can describe how the organisms are distributed along the tube which contains the sample. It can be configured to monitor this distribution periodically, so that it is possible to subject the organisms to some external factor of interest and to assess the changes over time in the concentration of organisms as a function of the depth in the water column.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii"

1

Várkonyi, Zs, O. Zsiros, T. Farkas, G. Garab, B. Ughy, Zs Szegletes, and Z. Gombos. "Adaptation Mechanism of the Photosynthetic Apparatus of Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii Act 9502 to Different Enviromental Effects." In Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects, 1819–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_425.

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2

Padisák, Judit. "Estimation of minimum sedimentary inoculum (akinete) pool of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii: a morphology and life-cycle based method." In Phytoplankton and Equilibrium Concept: The Ecology of Steady-State Assemblages, 389–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2666-5_32.

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3

Zhang, Weiying, Inchio Lou, Wai Kin Ung, Yijun Kong, and Kai Meng Mok. "Application of PCR and Real-Time PCR for Monitoring Cyanobacteria, Microcystis spp. and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, in Macau Freshwater Reservoir." In Advances in Monitoring and Modelling Algal Blooms in Freshwater Reservoirs, 69–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0933-8_5.

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