Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cylinder reel

Academic literature on the topic 'Cylinder reel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cylinder reel"

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Smith, N. "Classic Project: Cylinder 'reel' lawn mower." Engineering & Technology 13, no. 4 (May 1, 2018): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2018.0434.

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Junaidi, Ichlas Nur, Nofriadi, and Rusmardi. "Pengembangan Mesin Pencacah Sampah/Limbah Plastik Dengan Sistem Crusher dan Silinder Pemotong Tipe Reel." Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa 10, no. 2 (April 14, 2015): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jipr.10.2.12.

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Waste plastic mounting, but can be recycled into other products in the form of granules before further processed into pellets and seed injection molding process produces products such as buckets, plates, bottles and other beverages. To be processed into the required form of granules of plastic thrasher. Though so small plastic recycling industry is still constrained in plastic enumeration process because the machine used was not optimal ability. The purpose of this research is the development of the system thrasher plastic crusher and cutter cylinder-type reel and technical evaluation. This study was conducted over two years, the first year the design and manufacture of machinery, the second year is a technical evaluation of the engine, engine performance improvements and economic analysis of granular plastic products.From the results obtained engine design capacity of the machine ± 350 kg / h, the engine size is 50 cm x 120 cm x 30 cm, power motor of 10 HP at 1450 RPM rotation with 3 phase. Some of the major components of the engine that is, counter crusher unit consists of two counter rotating cylinders opposite, counter shaft size Ø 4 cm x 58 cm, blade chopper Ø 17 cm x 2 cm with the number of teeth / blades 7 pieces and the number of blades along shaft 7 pieces, buses retaining Ø 10 cm x 2 cm. Counter-cylinder unit consists of a reel-type cutter counter shaft size Ø 4 cm x 90 cm, the middle shaft mounted cylinder with Ø 17 cm x 40 cm as the holder of the chopper blades. Chopper blade consists of 4 pieces with a size of 40 cm x 2 cm x 4 cm with ASSAB materials. Furthermore, as the blade retaining bedknife shear force of the blade chopper, upper frame, lower frame, strainer, funnel entry, exit funnel, and the drive unit consists of an electric motor, reducer, belts, pulleys and 2 pieces of gear transmission. The results of performance testing machine crusher round cylinder 75 RPM and 1450 RPM reel-type cutting machine capacity ± 300 kg / h on the filter hole Ø 1.5 cm, with a 80% grain uniformity.
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Junaidi, Ichlas Nur, Zulfikar, and Nasirwan. "Modifikasi Sistem Transmisi pada Mesin Pencacah Sampah/Limbah Plastik dengan Sistem Crusher dan Silinder Pemotong Tipe Reel." Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa 11, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jipr.11.2.26.

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An increasing number of plastic waste, but can be recycled into other products in the form of granules before further processing into a grain pellets and injection molding processes to produce products such as buckets, plates, bottles and others. To be processed into the required form of granules of plastic thrasher. Even so small plastic recycling industry is still constrained within a plastic enumeration process because the machine used his ability was not maximal.The purpose of this study is a modification of the transmission system thrasher plastic crusher system and cylinder-type cutter reel and technical evaluation. This study was conducted over two years, the first year the design and manufacture of machinery, the second year is the technical evaluation of the engine, improved engine performance. From the results of the study year I found some weaknesses machines namely, 1) the machine is often hampered by the transmission belt on the motor shaft with shaft reducer as drive unit crusher often slip when a large load, 2) transmission gears hipoid of the motor shaft with shaft type unit reel get a great friction and cause the sound very noisy. To improve the performance of the engine of the transmission system needs to be fixed.From the results of the design redesign the engine in the second year, namely, the installation of a connector axle of the motor shaft with shaft-type knife reel player. Axle used is commonly used in car axle Carry. Likewise, the transmission system between the motor shaft to the reducer as a successor to the rotation axis of the blade type crusher players use the chain sprocket to avoid slip on a rotating shaft. The results of performance testing crusher machine on lap 75 RPM and cylinder-type reel cutters 1450 RPM, engine capacity ± 130 kg / h on the cylinder type crusher and the reel-type cylinder engine capacity of ± 165 kg / h at an aperture sieve Ø 1,5 cm, with uniformity of grain 85%.
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Balamurugan, R., M. Dhivakar, V. Gokul, and M. Dineshkumar. "Design of reel splitting machine using hydraulic cylinder and a sensor." Materials Today: Proceedings 33 (2020): 3114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.724.

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Junaidi, Junaidi, Adriansyah Adriansyah, and Elvis Adril. "Modifikasi Unit PemotonMesin Pencacah Serat TKKS Menggunakan Silinder Pemotong Tipe Reel." Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa 15, no. 1 (October 15, 2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jipr.15.1.145.

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Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are solid waste from the oil palm plantation industry with a fiber content of ± 70%, and can be used as a composite board reinforcement. From the results of previous studies found that the mechanical properties of composite boards of OPEFB fibers between the left, middle and right parts occur very large differences, this situation occurs because the length of the fiber used is not the same between 3-10 cm. The long fibers in addition to the adhesive mixing process are very difficult and long, also resulting in uneven strength of the boards on each side. The purpose of this study is to modify the design of the TKKS fiber chopping machine cutting unit using a reel type cutting cylinder, making the machine cutting unit, and testing the engine performance. From the results of engine design, the engine capacity is ± 85 kg / hour, the engine size is 110 cm x 36.5 cm x 49 cm, the motor power is 2.5 HP with a rotation of 1450 Rpm. The components of the chopper unit consist of the chopper holder measuring 8 cm x l5 cm x 13 cm, placed 3 pieces of planers which are 8 cm x 5 cm x 0.4 cm, the chopper shaft measuring 40 cm long and Ø 3 cm, the holder of the pin measuring Ø 16 cm with a thickness of 0.6 cm. From the results of engine performance testing, it is found that the capacity of the machine with 5 mm filter diameter is 35 kg / hour, diameter of 10 mm 48 kg / hour, diameter 15 mm 55 kg / hour and diameter of 20 mm is 65 kg / hour. The uniformity of the results in the filter hole 5 mm the average fiber length of 15-25 is 80%, the filter hole 10 mm fiber length an average of 30-40 mm by 82%, the filter hole 15 mm fiber length an average of 40-50 mm by 85%, and the filter hole 20 mm in fiber length an average of 50-60 mm by 80%.
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Jia, Yu Jing, Guang Zhen Cheng, and Ying Jun Dai. "Impellent Tramcar Machine Hydraulic and Electrical Control System." Advanced Materials Research 339 (September 2011): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.339.223.

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This essay will introduce a impellent tramcar machine, used for mining enterprises’ vertical shaft hoisting transportation system, which is used to put tub into the cage, or pull it from the cage. The mechanical impellent tramcar machine are widely used at present, it rely on the direct-drive motor, there are two types of traction, one is towed by the sprocket and chain anther is towed by the reel and wire, whatever we use which type, both the traction drive components are exposed, the environment dust will lead to poor lubrication, running noise, shock and vibration significantly, poor stability. To overcome the mechanical impellent tramcar machine of these shortcomings, developed the hydraulic impellent tramcar machine, the hydraulic cylinder as the executing agency, the programmable logic controller to achieve electrical control, designed hydraulic systems and PLC control program, analyzed the impellent tramcar machine Structure and working principle, point out that the use of programmable logic controller, programming is easy, flexible, programmable logic controllers cater to the industrial production sites, with great anti-interference ability, hydraulic drive compact, smooth and high reliability.
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Li, Ling Jun, and Thomas Thurner. "Modeling and Simulation of Servo-Hydraulic Cylinder Systems for Multi Axis Test Control." Advanced Materials Research 711 (June 2013): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.416.

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Multi-axial mechanical testing with servo-hydraulic cylinders is used as essential tool within the development and manufacturing process of mechanical components and structures, enabling the experimental validation of the fatigue behavior and related mechanical endurance limits. In this paper we derive the analytical model of servo-hydraulic cylinders feasible for fatigue tests to enable the incorporation of the derived actuator dynamics within multi-axis test control strategies. Our derived cylinder model includes the test cylinder with attached position sensor, and a state-of-the-art servo valve. Based on the obtained cylinder dynamics we propose a simplification to a low order cylinder model, highly desirable for reducing overall system complexity in order to develop ease-of-use controllers of high performance for multi-dimensional test rigs. We compare the simulated output of the derived actuator models with the measured data from a real world test cylinder system. The obtained results show that the obtained system model accurately describes the dynamic properties of a real world test cylinder, and furthermore validates the process of model simplification for efficient control of such cylinders as part of low-bandwidth multi input multi output servo-hydraulic test systems.
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Morelli, Piero. "On the Buckling Behaviour of Telescopic Hydraulic Cylinders." Key Engineering Materials 417-418 (October 2009): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.417-418.281.

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Telescopic cylinders are generally employed as linear actuators, when the desired moving span is several times the length of the closed device, like in cargo trucks lifting applications, for instance. During the active phase of the actuation, hydraulic power is normally used to feed pressu-rized fluid inside the cylinder, thus providing the progressive extension of the cylinder ele-ments and the required operative axial thrust. In this condition, therefore, cylinders must bear external compressive loadings in an increasingly slenderness configuration, which can give rise to buckling failures. In this study, experimental measurements of the limiting axial loadings of telescopic cylind-ers, in full extended conditions, have been performed both in laboratory and during real oper-ations on the field. The strains of the material in the critical sections and the lateral deflec-tions of the tested structures have been recorded as a function of the applied loads. The re-sults of this investigation are presented and discussed, in order to identify the signals of inci-pient buckling and find out the ultimate load carrying capabilities of this kind of components.
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Buitkamp, Thomas, Michael Günthner, Florian Müller, and Tim Beutler. "A detailed study of a cylinder activation concept by efficiency loss analysis and 1D simulation." Automotive and Engine Technology 5, no. 3-4 (September 4, 2020): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41104-020-00070-1.

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Abstract Cylinder deactivation is a well-known measure for reducing fuel consumption, especially when applied to gasoline engines. Mostly, such systems are designed to deactivate half of the number of cylinders of the engine. In this study, a new concept is investigated for deactivating only one out of four cylinders of a commercial vehicle diesel engine (“3/4-cylinder concept”). For this purpose, cylinders 2–4 of the engine are operated in “real” 3-cylinder mode, thus with the firing order and ignition distance of a regular 3-cylinder engine, while the first cylinder is only activated near full load, running in parallel to the fourth cylinder. This concept was integrated into a test engine and evaluated on an engine test bench. As the investigations revealed significant improvements for the low-to-medium load region as well as disadvantages for high load, an extensive numerical analysis was carried out based on the experimental results. This included both 1D simulation runs and a detailed cylinder-specific efficiency loss analysis. Based on the results of this analysis, further steps for optimizing the concept were derived and studied by numerical calculations. As a result, it can be concluded that the 3/4-cylinder concept may provide significant improvements of real-world fuel economy when integrated as a drive unit into a tractor.
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Moradi, Saed, Denis Laurendeau, and Clement Gosselin. "Multiple Cylinder Extraction from Organized Point Clouds." Sensors 21, no. 22 (November 17, 2021): 7630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227630.

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Most man-made objects are composed of a few basic geometric primitives (GPs) such as spheres, cylinders, planes, ellipsoids, or cones. Thus, the object recognition problem can be considered as one of geometric primitives extraction. Among the different geometric primitives, cylinders are the most frequently used GPs in real-world scenes. Therefore, cylinder detection and extraction are of great importance in 3D computer vision. Despite the rapid progress of cylinder detection algorithms, there are still two open problems in this area. First, a robust strategy is needed for the initial sample selection component of the cylinder extraction module. Second, detecting multiple cylinders simultaneously has not yet been investigated in depth. In this paper, a robust solution is provided to address these problems. The proposed solution is divided into three sub-modules. The first sub-module is a fast and accurate normal vector estimation algorithm from raw depth images. With the estimation method, a closed-form solution is provided for computing the normal vector at each point. The second sub-module benefits from the maximally stable extremal regions (MSER) feature detector to simultaneously detect cylinders present in the scene. Finally, the detected cylinders are extracted using the proposed cylinder extraction algorithm. Quantitative and qualitative results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the baseline algorithms in each of the following areas: normal estimation, cylinder detection, and cylinder extraction.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cylinder reel"

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Hashemzadeh, Nayeri Mohit. "Cylinder-by-Cylinder Torque Model of an SI-Engine for Real-Time Applications." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5396.

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In recent years Hardware-in-the-Loop HiL, has gained more and more

popularity within the vehicle industry. This is a more cost effective research alternative, as opposed to the tests done the traditional way, since in HiL testing the idea is to test the hardware of interest, such as an electronic control unit, in a simulated (or partially simulated) environment which closely resembles the real-world environment.

This thesis is ordered by Daimler Chrysler AG and the objective of this thesis is the developing of a cylinder-by-cylinder model for the purpose of emulation of misfire in a four-stroke SI-engine. This purpose does not demand a precise modelling of the cylinder pressure but rather an adequate modelling of position and amplitude of the torque produced by each cylinder. The model should be preferebly computaionally tractable so it can be run on-line. Therefore, simplifications are made such as assuming the rule of a homogenous mixture, pressure and temperature inside the cylinder at all steps, so the pressure model can be analytical and able to cope with the real-time demand of the HiL. The model is implemented in Simulink and simulated with different sample rates and an improvement is to be seen as the sample rate is decreased.

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Вакульчук, Вікторія Вікторівна. "Модернізація накату папероробної машини." Bachelor's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/29152.

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Пояснювальна записка складається із вступу, 8 розділів, висновків, переліку посилань із 20 найменувань. Загальний обсяг роботи становить 120 с. основного тексту, 20 рисунків, 12 таблиць і 4 додатків. Метою проекту є проектування і модернізація конструкції периферичного накату, призначеного для намотування санітарно-гігієнічного паперу в рулони. Поставлена задача досягається шляхом дослідження літературних джерел, виконанням розрахунків тамбурного валу, циліндра накату та розрахунків на міцність основних вузлів і деталей конструкції. Виконано аналіз результатів та зроблено висновки. Наведено список використаної літератури. Розрахунково-пояснювальна записка містить схему отримання санітарно-гігієнічного паперу, її опис та місце периферичного накату в ній. Графічна частина проекту включає креслення формату А1х3, А1, А2 і А2х3, що містять: складальний кресленик накату, складальний кресленик тамбурного валу, складальний кресленик циліндра та кресленик патрону.
Explanatory note consists of an introduction, eight chapters, conclusions, list of references of 20 items. The total work contains 120 p. of the main text, 20 drawings, 12 tables and 4 appendices. The explanatory note consists of an introduction, 8 chapters, conclusions, a list of references from 20 titles. Total work is 92 seconds. main text, 20 drawings, 6 tables and 3 appendices. The purpose of the project is to design and modernize the peripheral rolling design designed to wrap sanitary paper in rolls. The task is achieved by studying literary sources, performing calculations of the tambour shaft, rolling cylinder and calculating the strength of the main units and design details. The analysis of the results and conclusions are made. The list of used literature is given. The settlement and explanatory note contains the scheme of obtaining sanitary-hygienic paper, its description and the place of peripheral rolling in it. The graphic part of the project includes drawings of the format A1х3, А1, А2 and А2х3, which contain: an assembly drawing roller, an assembly drawing of a tambourine shaft, an assembly drawing of a cylinder and a cartridge.
Пояснительная записка состоит из введения, 8 глав, заключения, списка ссылок из 20 наименований. Общий объем работы составляет 120 с. основного текста, 20 рисунков, 12 таблиц и 4 приложений. Целью проекта является проектирование и модернизация конструкции периферического наката, предназначенного для намотки санитарно-гигиенической бумаги в рулоны. Поставленная задача достигается путем исследования литературных источников, выполнением расчетов тамбурного вала, цилиндра наката и расчетов на прочность основных узлов и деталей конструкции. Выполнен анализ результатов и сделаны выводы. Приведен список использованной литературы. Расчетно-пояснительная записка содержит схему получения санитарно-гигиенической бумаги, ее описание и место периферического наката в ней. Графическая часть проекта включает чертежи формата А1х3, А1, А2 и А2х3, содержащие: сборочный чертеж наката, сборочный чертеж тамбурного вала, сборочный чертеж цилиндра и чертеж патрона.
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Houston, Rodney Alexander Rowney. "Performance modelling of multi-cylinder, Reed value, two-stroke cycle engines." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356871.

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Pao, Shun-Hua, and 包舜華. "Real gas effect of a hypersonic flow past a circular cylinder." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49789768499485292662.

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Shieh, Kuen-Liang, and 謝昆良. "Numerical Simulation of Three-Dimensional Real Flow Field -A study of incompressible viscous laminar fluid flow past a square cylinder-." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78742795797965079939.

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碩士
淡江大學
水資源及環境工程所
82
This study has established a numerical simulation of three- dimensional real flow field. The ejpicit finite-difference method which based on the Mark-and-Cell technique and nouniform mesh to solve the governing equations of Navier- Stokes equations and continuity equation. The methods of weighted- upwind difference for convective terms and centeral difference for vicous terms are employed. The pressure modified method is pressent to modified velocities and pressure in this research at last. In order to proving the correctness and putting this simulation into practice,the numerical study of incompressible viscous laminar fluid flow past a square cylinder is present. The vortex shedding, the drag force of the square cylinder and wall effect are discussed particularly. Wall effect and vortex shedding interaction produces complicated three-dimensional flow codition, the streaklines and cross-flow velocity plots demonstrate the development of this motion. The results have been shown that the wall effect would produce horseshoe vortex before the bottom of the square cylinder. According to the previous research, the center of the horseshoe vortex is a three-dimensional singular point, it may produce erosion in the bottom of the hydraulic structures.
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Harish, D. "Reeb Graphs : Computation, Visualization and Applications." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3173.

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Level sets are extensively used for the visualization of scalar fields. The Reeb graph of a scalar function tracks the evolution of the topology of its level sets. It is obtained by mapping each connected component of a level set to a point. The Reeb graph and its loop-free version called the contour tree serve as an effective user interface for selecting meaningful level sets and for designing transfer functions for volume rendering. It also finds several other applications in the field of scientific visualization. In this thesis, we focus on designing algorithms for efficiently computing the Reeb graph of scalar functions and using the Reeb graph for effective visualization of scientific data. We have developed three algorithms to compute the Reeb graph of PL functions defined over manifolds and non-manifolds in any dimension. The first algorithm efficiently tracks the connected components of the level set and has the best known theoretical bound on the running time. The second algorithm, utilizes an alternate definition of Reeb graphs using cylinder maps, is simple to implement and efficient in practice. The third algorithm aggressively employs the efficient contour tree algorithm and is efficient both theoretically, in terms of the worst case running time, and practically, in terms of performance on real-world data. This algorithm has the best performance among existing methods and computes the Reeb graph at least an order of magnitude faster than other generic algorithms. We describe a scheme for controlled simplification of the Reeb graph and two different graph layout schemes that help in the effective presentation of Reeb graphs for visual analysis of scalar fields. We also employ the Reeb graph in four different applications – surface segmentation, spatially-aware transfer function design, visualization of interval volumes, and interactive exploration of time-varying data. Finally, we introduce the notion of topological saliency that captures the relative importance of a topological feature with respect to other features in its local neighborhood. We integrate topological saliency with Reeb graph based methods and demonstrate its application to visual analysis of features.
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Books on the topic "Cylinder reel"

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Sherwood, Dennis, and Paul Dalby. Ideal gas processes – and two ideal gas case studies too. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0007.

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This chapter brings together, and builds on, the results from previous chapters to provide a succinct, and comprehensive, summary of all key relationships relating to ideal gases, including the heat and work associated with isothermal, adiabatic, isochoric and isobaric changes, and the properties of an ideal gas’s heat capacities at constant volume and constant pressure. The chapter also has two ‘case studies’ which use the ideal gas equations in broader, and more real, contexts, so showing how the equations can be used to tackle, successfully, more extensive systems. The first ‘case study’ is the Carnot cycle, and so covers all the fundamentals required for the proof of the existence of entropy as a state function; the second ‘case study’ is the ‘thermodynamic pendulum’ – a system in which a piston in an enclosed cylinder oscillates to and fro like a pendulum under gravity, in both the absence, and presence, of friction.
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Roughness and Vortex Shedding Effects for Cylinders in Flume and Real Sea Waves (Offshore Technology Report). Health and Safety Executive (HSE), 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cylinder reel"

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Lichtblau, Daniel. "Cylinders Through Five Points: Complex and Real Enumerative Geometry." In Automated Deduction in Geometry, 80–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77356-6_6.

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Bíró, I., B. M. Csizmadia, G. Krakovits, and A. Véha. "Sensitivity Investigation of Three-Cylinder Model of Human Knee Joint." In IUTAM Symposium on Dynamics Modeling and Interaction Control in Virtual and Real Environments, 177–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1643-8_20.

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Vladimir, Puzyrev, and Storozhev Valeriy. "Control of Elastic Wave Propagation in Piezoceramic Cylinders of Sector Cross Section." In IUTAM Symposium on Dynamics Modeling and Interaction Control in Virtual and Real Environments, 215–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1643-8_24.

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von Wahl, Wolf. "Functional Calculus for Unbounded Operators by Integration over the Positive Real Axis. Applications to Elliptic Systems in Half-Cylinders." In Topics in Nonlinear Analysis, 731–44. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8765-6_31.

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Rice, Prudence M. "Terminal Classic Interactions between the Western Petén Lakes Chain and the Western Lowlands." In The Real Business of Ancient Maya Economies, 434–50. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066295.003.0025.

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Innovations in a poorly known Terminal Classic pottery type, Jato Black-on-Gray (JBG), at sites around Lake Petén Itzá include use of gray slips and the presence of monkey and ik’ motifs. They appear on local forms (cylinders, plates) and are particularly associated with burials. These suggest emulations of varied gray ware pottery in the western and southwestern lowlands, such as Chablekal Fine Gray. JBG thus supports inferences based on other data (architecture) of ties to these regions, including in-migration into the lakes area, featuring a reworking of the new (motifs; firing technology) with the old (forms). The western lakes area was part of a larger ceramic system in the western lowlands, suggesting that Terminal Classic pottery makers were engaged with innovations in a thriving “business.”
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Vasiliu, Nicolae, Daniela Vasiliu, Constantin Drăgoi, Constantin Călinoiu, and Toma Cojocaru-Greblea. "Hybrid Steering Systems for Automotive Applications." In Automotive System Engineering - New Methods and Optimal Solutions [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94460.

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The paper presents the results of the researches performed in order to find out the static and dynamic performances of some recent types of hybrid electrohydraulic servomechanisms. The new concept was generated by the needs of the modern aerospace technology called “flight by wire”, directed to the use of compact actuators composed mainly by a brushless motor driving a hydrostatic pump connected in a close loop with a hydraulic cylinder. The numerical simulations performed with Simcenter Amesim language pointed out the possibility of saving a lot of energy with this new concept, already used on civil airplanes and fighters. The new wave of autonomous driving generated a lot of combinations of electric and hydraulic components, according the peculiarities of applications. The authors studied the accuracy of the hybrid steering system of an articulated tractor based on a digital industrial servo valve combined with an ORBITROL standard unit. The structure of the last generation of the trucks hybrid steering systems was also studied, taking into account the real performances of each component. Finally, the effect of the strong penetration of the hybrid servo systems in the automotive manufacturing systems is assessed.
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Nikolaev, Evgeny, and Maria Nikolaeva. "Discrete Vortex Cylinders Method for Calculating the Helicopter Rotor-Induced Velocity." In Vortex Dynamics Theories and Applications. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93186.

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A new vortex model of a helicopter rotor with an infinite number of blades is proposed, based on Shaidakov’s linear disk theory for calculating inductive speeds at any point in space in the helicopter area. It is proposed to consider the helicopter rotor and the behind vortex column as a system of discrete vortex cylinders. This allows building a matrix of the influence of the vortex system under consideration on any set of points, for example, the calculated points on the rotor itself, on the tail rotor, etc. The model allows calculating inductive velocities at any point near the helicopter using matrix multiplication operation. It is shown that the classical results for the momentum theory remain constant even in the discrete simulation of the helicopter rotor vortex system. The structure of the air flow behind the rotor and the simulation results obtained by the proposed method is compared with the structure of the tip vortices and the results of the blade vortex theory. In addition, the experimental data were compared with the simulation results to verify the correctness of the model under real operating conditions by the helicopter trimming.
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"that the atmospheric diffusion of this blend is equal to that of odour-polluted air from agricultural emission sources. In a first step the dispersion in an undisturbed atmospheric flow was measured. In a second step the dispersion in an atmospheric flow with obstacles is designated. In a third step the dispersion in the neighbourhood of real farm buildings is intended. 2.3 IMMISSION 2.3.1 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF TRACER GAS CONCENTRATION To obtain multiple sets of experimental dispersion data, in each experiment 50 samples of tracer-polluted ambient air downwind in the plume of the propane emission source are taken by 10 sample units, distributed in the field, see fig. 3. Each unit carries five glass cylinders, filled with +9 +6 V /." In Odour Prevention and Control of Organic Sludge and Livestock Farming, 116. CRC Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482286311-40.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cylinder reel"

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Mair, Georg W., Florian Scherer, Irene Scholz, and Thorsten Schönfelder. "The Residual Strength of Breathing Air Composite Cylinders Towards the End of Their Service Life: A First Assessment of a Real-Life Sample." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28168.

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Emergency response units increasingly use pressure cylinders made from fibre composites for breathing air as elements of personal protective equipment (PPE). Such applications expose the composite cylinders to harsh temperature and handling conditions. At least in Europe, standards have been used for certifying PPE, which are designed and mandatory for the approval of pressure receptacles for the transport of dangerous goods. Therefore, service conditions specific to PPEs are not accounted for in these standards. In this paper, BAM (Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing) investigates the residual safety of a composite cylinder design at the end of their designated service life of 15 years. The cylinders (test pressure PH 450 bars; 6.8 Litres) are of one design type with aluminium liner and fully wrapped with carbon fibres, which is commonly considered a “Type III” cylinder. All cylinders were used as PPE by the Berlin fire department and randomly picked in three samples of 25 cylinders each before tested. At BAM, the cylinder samples underwent hydraulic load cycle tests (LCT), conventional burst tests (BT) and so called slow burst tests (SBT). A concept for quantification of strength degradation already introduced by BAM was applied. This concept is based on a probabilistic assessment of the average strength and scatter of each sample of cylinders. The strength distributions of the used PPE-cylinders is shown and analysed. Some unexpected effects are shown and a refinement of the statistical assessment is introduced.
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Lahti, John L., Steven J. Andrasko, and John J. Moskwa. "A Transient Hydrostatic Dynamometer for Single Cylinder Engine Research With Real Time Multi-Cylinder Dynamic Simulation." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42748.

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A new high-bandwidth transient hydrostatic dynamometer test system has been developed that accurately replicates multi-cylinder engine operation using a single-cylinder research engine. Single-cylinder engines are typically used for research because of their low cost and good cylinder accessibility for instrumentation and optics. This dynamometer maintains these advantages while dramatically improving transient and low speed testing capabilities. The system also incorporates hardware-in-the-loop models for simulation of other components that would typically be present in a vehicle application. These models include: adjoining cylinders and ancillary components in the engine, the transmission, driveline, and vehicle load. Utilizing these models it is possible to replicate actual driving cycles. This high-bandwidth transient dynamometer extends the test capabilities of single-cylinder research far beyond the traditional steady state regime, enabling transient speed single-cylinder engine research while providing single-cylinder engine operation that is comparable to the multi-cylinder engine.
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Chen, Jialei, Jianfeng Shi, and Chuck Zhang. "Design and Optimization of High-Pressure Hydrogen Cylinders for Intermodal Container Transportation." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84842.

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Hydrogen as a next generation energy carrier, is a clear and zero emission fuel with growing application in various fields. Intermodal transportation is an important issue for the safety and economic use of hydrogen fuel in distributed sites. Hydrogen is usually transported in high-pressure cylinders on trucks with bounded space. In this paper, we investigated different cylinder designs, packing strategies and their impact on the storage density, which is defined as the weight of hydrogen divided by the storage space, and then found out the optimal design and packing strategy. The high-pressure hydrogen gas was considered as real gas, and the stress distribution was analyzed for the 4130 steel cylinders based on the thick-wall cylinder model. Two different head designs of sphere and elliptical head were considered and discussed. A high storage density strategy with cylinder geometric parameter design, hydrogen gas pressure and cylinder packing methods were proposed. An exploration of the carbon fiber cylinder showed the potential of the composite material as a storage cylinder in high-pressure storage situations.
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Reepmeyer, Oskar, Per Lothe, Sverre Valsgard, Marion Erdelen-Peppler, and Gerhard Knauf. "Full Scale Gas Leak Test at a Large Diameter X-80 DSAW Pipe." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10005.

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Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is an emerging marine transportation technology for natural gas. Knutsen OAS Shipping’s Pressurized Natural Gas (PNG®) System is one of several concepts. PNG® provides sufficient pipeline gas storage volume by pressurizing at ambient temperature without any additional gas treatment. One ship classification society published rules and two other developed guidelines for the approval and classification of this new technology. The idea is already more than some decades old, but today in applying state of the art pipeline technology instead of traditional pressure vessel codes, this technology has become economically viable. The main difference to a pipeline is that the cylinder’s main design criterion is not burst but fatigue due to the frequent charging and discharging process in the transportation chain. For PNG, EUROPIPE supplies assembled cargo tank cylinders. Several successful hydraulic full scale fatigue tests have been carried out in the accordance with the requirements in Det Norske Veritas rules for CNG Carriers. The result was always that a fatigue crack penetrated the cylinder wall creating a leak without break in excess of the required lifetime limits. This local failure mode enables gas detection and safe pressure relief of an effected cargo tank cylinder in operation on a ship. The integrity of a cargo tank cylinder under gas pressure in presence of a gas leak was not investigated during these tests. Due to the leak, gas escapes from the cylinder and the pressure decay leads to a temperature drop due to the Joule-Thomson Effect. It should be determined that a fatigue crack of certain maximum size does not become unstable due to the temperature drop and deterioration of the toughness properties of the material which would lead to rupture of the cylinder. The leak before failure diagrams available to evaluate a critical crack length for a given load were verified in a real environment with decreasing temperature of the escaping gas and the cylinder material. The temperature measurements were used to verify models to determine the temperature profile of the gas and the cylinder material resulting from the Joule-Thomson Effect during blow down. Also the impact of the escaping gas on a cylinder placed adjacent to the leaking cylinder at the same distance as in a ship was measured. This test is not only of interest for CNG cylinders onboard ships, but the results are also of high interest for pipelines transporting natural gas under higher pressure.
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Xu, Yansheng, and Yue Yu. "Research on Fatigue Monitoring Method of Carbon Fiber Fully Wound Cylinder With Aluminum Liner Based on Strain Gauge." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-71105.

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Abstract Aiming at the fatigue failure of composite pressure vessel, a fatigue monitoring method based on strain gauge for carbon fiber fully wound cylinder with aluminum liner is proposed. The fatigue test was carried out with 20MPa as the maximum pressure until the gas cylinder failed. The temperature signals were collected, in order to eliminate the influence of temperature factors on the test results in the fatigue process of gas cylinders, and the temperature effects were separated by regression analysis, and the real strain changes of carbon fiber wrapped gas cylinders with aluminum inner liner were obtained. Through the analysis of the test results and the verification of other detection methods, it is proved that the strain gauge has a certain feasibility for the fatigue monitoring of carbon fiber fully wound cylinder with aluminum liner.
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Mattarelli, Enrico. "MotoGP 2007: Criteria for Engine Optimization." In ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2006-1383.

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The paper proposes some design criteria for the MotoGP engines, complying with the FIM 2007 Technical Regulations. Five configurations have been considered: 3-cylinder in-line, 4-cylinder in-line, and three V-engines with 4, 5 and 6 cylinders. All the analyzed solutions have been optimized from a fluid-dynamic point of view, by means of 1D engine cycle simulations. Then, the engines are compared in terms of full load performance, at steady conditions. Finally, the influence of engine performance, along with operations regularity and motorbike weight, is assessed by means of a lap time simulator, developed by the author on the base of real data. The best configurations turned out to be the 4-cylinder engines, while 3-cylinder and 5-cylinder are quite penalizing.
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Doraiswamy, Harish, Aneesh Sood, and Vijay Natarajan. "Constructing Reeb graphs using cylinder maps." In the 2010 annual symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1810959.1810979.

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Franciss, Ricardo, and Andre´ Fujarra. "Interference Between Risers." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29107.

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This article shows the results of the tests of interference between rigid risers, in relation of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV), made in the Institute de Pesquisas Tecnolo´gicas do Estado de Sa˜o Paulo (IPT), Brazil. It was tested several conditions with different arrangements with two cylinders in tandem and side by side positions, with different distances between them. The models were installed in an elastic base with two degrees of freedom for each cylinder. The stiffness and the natural frequencies were calibrated to have the maximum amplitude of VIV within the possible range of velocities in the IPT towing tank. The final lift and drag coefficients were measured, for one cylinder with and without strakes and for two cylinders. All these data are used in Riser Analyses giving more real results in relation of VIV analysis, clashing and interference between risers.
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Ohsuga, Minoru, Toshiharu Nogi, Mamoru Fujieda, and Yoshishige Ohyama. "Real Time Control for Fuel Injection System with Compensating Cylinder-by-Cylinder Deviation." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/900778.

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Mangun, Derek A., and John J. Moskwa. "Comparative Test Results From a Virtual Multi-Cylinder Engine Transient Test System." In ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2010-35195.

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Researchers in the Powertrain Control Research Laboratory (PCRL) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed and built a single-cylinder engine transient test system which accurately replicates the dynamic operation of a multi-cylinder engine. Using hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation, the multi-cylinder engine’s transient (a) rotational dynamics, (b) intake gas dynamics, and (c) heat transfer dynamics are reproduced in real time using several patented subsystem designs. These subsystems produce the dynamic boundary conditions that would be present for a given cylinder within a multi-cylinder engine, based on either real-time model execution or predetermined command trajectories (e.g. measured data). In addition to replicating the effects of the virtual cylinders, the test system facilitates extension of the single-cylinder engine capabilities beyond typical steady-state regime limitations. The primary goals of this project are to retain the attributes of the single-cylinder engine that are most beneficial while overcoming the problems which cause the single-cylinder engine to operate differently than a multi-cylinder engine. This system represents a very unique test bed for controlling and understanding the influences of changes in the engine design and control, solves several of the problems associated with the operation of a single-cylinder engine, and allows rapid transient testing with slew rates in excess of 10,000 rpm/s. A virtual powertrain and vehicle model can be incorporated into this system so that standardized vehicle emission testing can be conducted with this single-cylinder engine system (e.g., FTP and other transient drive cycle tests). This paper reports the research findings of the performance effects achieved by including the multi-cylinder dynamic interactions during HIL simulation using only single-cylinder engine hardware. The target engine used for this study is the Ford 3.0 L V-6 SI engine, and both the multi- and single-cylinder engines are resident in the PCRL. By directly comparing the operation of this virtual multi-cylinder transient test system with its actual multi-cylinder engine counterpart, the influences of the included dynamics are documented. Evaluations include comparative data from rotational dynamics and intake gas dynamics, as well as the ability to control heat transfer dynamics and conduct exhaust emission testing.
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