Academic literature on the topic 'Cycles Sismiques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cycles Sismiques"
Avouac, Jean-Philippe, Laurent Bollinger, Jérôme Lavé, Rodolphe Cattin, and Mireille Flouzat. "Le cycle sismique en Himalaya." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science 333, no. 9 (November 2001): 513–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1251-8050(01)01573-7.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Cycles Sismiques"
Bagur, Laura. "Modeling fluid injection effects in dynamic fault rupture using Fast Boundary Element Methods." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE010.
Full textEarthquakes due to either natural or anthropogenic sources cause important human and material damage. In both cases, the presence of pore fluids influences the triggering of seismic instabilities.A new and timely question in the community is to show that the earthquake instability could be mitigated by active control of the fluid pressure. In this work, we study the ability of Fast Boundary Element Methods (Fast BEMs) to provide a multi-physic large-scale robust solver required for modeling earthquake processes, human induced seismicity and their mitigation.In a first part, a Fast BEM solver with different temporal integration algorithms is used. We assess the performances of various possible adaptive time-step methods on the basis of 2D seismic cycle benchmarks available for planar faults. We design an analytical aseismic solution to perform convergence studies and provide a rigorous comparison of the capacities of the different solving methods in addition to the seismic cycles benchmarks tested. We show that a hybrid prediction-correction / adaptive time-step Runge-Kutta method allows not only for an accurate solving but also to incorporate both inertial effects and hydro-mechanical couplings in dynamic fault rupture simulations.In a second part, once the numerical tools are developed for standard fault configurations, our objective is to take into account fluid injection effects on the seismic slip. We choose the poroelastodynamic framework to incorporate injection effects on the earthquake instability. A complete poroelastodynamic model would require non-negligible computational costs or approximations. We justify rigorously which predominant fluid effects are at stake during an earthquake or a seismic cycle. To this aim, we perform a dimensional analysis of the equations, and illustrate the results using a simplified 1D poroelastodynamic problem. We formally show that at the timescale of the earthquake instability, inertial effects are predominant whereas a combination of diffusion and elastic deformation due to pore pressure change should be privileged at the timescale of the seismic cycle, instead of the diffusion model mainly used in the literature
Bergeot, Nicolas. "Etude du cycle sismique du Vanuatu par GPS." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GLOB0004.
Full textSubduction processes are often controlled by irregularities on the subducting plate. These structures may be responsible of the locking of the subduction process and control the arc deformation. The characterization of the intra-arc strain accumulation is thus essential to understand the seismic cycle in a seismogenic zone where very strong earthquakes occur. The Vanuatu subduction zone presents one of the most important variation in horizontal convergence motion along a trench: 12-17cm/yr relative to the Australian plate to 1. 5cm/yr in front of the d'Entrecasteaux ridge. The collision of the d'Entrecasteaux ridge yields arc island vertical movements estimated at several mm/year as well as strong recurring earthquakes (e. G. Ambrym, 1999, Mw = 7. 5; Santo, 2000, Mw = 6. 9). A dense GPS network set up in the area since 1990 by the IRD team already made possible to evidence a segmentation of the arc and block rotations. In the present study, we analyse all the available data since 1992 and those acquired during two new GPS campaigns we carried out in 2004 and 2005. We use a state-of-the-art analysis strategy to estimate a consistent horizontal and vertical velocity field. The 13-year GPS time series we obtained allows us to isolate the coseismic signal related to two major earthquakes. We discuss the fault parameters we estimate from the coseismic displacements and on the accumulation zone during the interseismic stage
Boiselet, Aurélien. "Cycle sismique et aléa sismique d'un réseau de failles actives : le cas du rift de Corinthe (Grèce)." Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01456400.
Full textHuc, Mireille. "Modélisation du cycle sismique par la méthode des éléments finis /." Montpellier : Institut des sciences de la terre, de l'eau et de l'espace de Montpellier, Université Montpellier II, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36701941q.
Full textLachaud, Cédric. "Etude du cycle sismique sur une expérience analogique de zone de faille : caractérisation de la déformation par suivi micro-sismique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU002/document.
Full textThe deformation observed along a seismic fault can be described as the succession of phases for which the fault accumulate stress imposed by the steady deformation of the surrounding regions, and phases of sudden sliding during which the stress is relaxed: the earthquakes. After the rupture, strengthening mechanisms are required to make possible the new accumulation of elastic stress. Therefore, the seismic cycle results in the steady competition between strengthening and damage. The aim of this study is to explore the role of cohesion-healing on the fault deformation dynamic, as well as to characterize the effect of slip rate on the seismicity. The experimental set-up designed by Weiss et al (2016) has been extended in this study to carry out a micro-seismic monitoring of the deformation. This experiment consists in the shear deformation of a fault created in a thin ice plate overlying a water column. Cohesion-healing mechanisms are achieved through freezing of the water along the fault. The damage mechanisms and the spatial and temporal distribution of the deformation can be characterized thanks to the detectable elastic waves emitted by the fracturing. Because of the plate geometry and underlying water column, we observed guided waves similar to the Lambs symmetric and antisymmetric modes.The largest fractures distribute according to a power law of the form $10^{-bm}$ that is similar to the one observed in seismology. At a constant sliding rate, we observe a large $b$ value, $simeq 3$, which is much larger than the value observed in the Earth's crust ($b=1$). This large $b$ value indicates that the deformation is mainly accommodated aseismically or by small, undetected, fractures. During Slide-Hold-Slide experiment that corresponds to a case for which the cohesion-healing is enhanced compared to the damage, we observe a decrease in the $b$-value likely due to a decrease in fault heterogeneity and an increase of the fault ability to store more elastic stress before the rupture, allowing the fractures to grow larger. An important part of the fractures are multiplets, swarms of fractures, which seem to be passive by-products of the imposed deformation. This behaviour is similar to the one observed for swarm seismicity triggered by slip transient: high $b$-value, no identified mainshock, and very little triggering. For small driving rate $Omega$, we observe an increase in torque drop amplitude with magnitude, $Delta Gamma sim M_0 sim 10^{1.2m}$, similar to the relation observed in seismology, $M_0 sim 10^{1.5m}$. Thus, the latter could be extended to small magnitudes observed in this study. A decrease of the seismic coupling is observed through the decrease in the number of fractures per unit of slip, and because in average a fracture behaves similarly at the different $Omega$ tested. Finally, for a given magnitude interval, we observe a decrease in torque drop amplitude with the increase in $Omega$. This could be explained by the observed decrease in seismic coupling or by a decrease in strengthening rate with $Omega$ that is not observed
Villegas, Lanza Juan Carlos. "Cycle sismique et déformation continentale le long de la subduction Péruvienne." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4087/document.
Full textThe Nazca/South American subduction zone is one of the most active regions on Earth. Large earthquakes and associated tsunamis occur recurrently almost all along its margin. Nevertheless, the ~1000 km long (from lat.2oS to 9oS) segment in northern Peru and southern Ecuador subduction has remained in relative seismic silence for at least the past five centuries. Before the work presented in this thesis, no information about the processes accommodating the convergence was available for this region and it was impossible to answer whether it could host a great Mw>8.5 earthquake in future or not. Nowadays, spatial geodesy, and more specifically GPS/GNSS enable us to quantify the surface displacement on the overriding plate with millimeter accuracy. Geodetic measurements together with the use of elastic models allow us to determine the amount of interseismic coupling at the plate interface. My thesis focuses on the seismic cycle and the continental deformation along the Peruvian subduction margin, with particular interest along its northern and central segments. We use GPS measurements acquired since 2008 in the frame of an international French-Peruvian- Ecuadorian project (the Andes Du Nord project, ADN). Our GPS velocity field covers the entire Peruvian subduction margin, with measurements in the Andean cordillera and part of the sub-Andean region. Modeling of GPS velocity field show the existence of a new tectonic microplate that we baptized as the Inca Sliver, which is in southeastward translation a rate of 4-5 mm/yr with respect to stable South America
Mittempergher, Silvia. "Processus physiques et chimiques en failles sismiques : exemples de failles actives et exhumées." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767252.
Full textAder, Thomas. "Les tremblements de terre de l'Himalaya : vers un modèle physique du cycle sismique." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077282.
Full textHome to hundreds of millions of souls and land of excessiveness, the Himalaya is also the locus of a unique seismicity whose scope and peculiarities still remain to this day somewhat mysterious. Having claimed the lives of kings, or turned ancient timeworn cities into heaps of rubbles and tains, earthquakes eerily inhabit Nepalese folk tales with the fatalistic message that nothing lasts forever. From a scientific point of view as much as from a human perspective, solving the mysteries of Himalayan seismicity thus represents a challenge of prime importance. Documenting geodetic strain across the Nepal Himalaya with varions GPS and leveling data, we show that unlike other subduction zones that exhibit a heterogeneous and patchy coupling pattern along strike, the last hundred kilometers of the Main Himalayan Thrust fault, or MHT, appear to be uniformly locked, devoid of any of the "creeping barriers" that traditionally ward off the propagation of large events. The approximately 20 mm/yr of reckoned convergence across the Himalaya matching previously established estimates of the secular deformation at the front of the arc, die slip accumulated at depth has to somehow elastically propagate all the way to the surface at some point. And yet, neither large events from die past nor currently recorded microseismicity nearly compensate for the massive moment deficit that quietly builds up under die giant mountains. Along with this large unbalanced moment deficit, die uncommonly homogeneous coupling pattern on die MHT raises the question of whether or not the locked portion of die MHT can rupture all at once in a giant earthquake. Univocally answering this question appears contingent on die still elusive estimate of the magnitude of the largest possible earthquake in the Himalaya, and requires tight constraints on local fault properties. What makes the Himalaya enigmatic also makes it the potential source of an incredible wealth of information, and we exploit some of the oddities of Himalayan seismicity in an effort to improve the understanding of earthquake physics and cipher out the properties of die MHT. Thanks to the Himalaya, the Indo-Gangetic plain is deluged each year under a tremendous amount of water during the annual summer monsoon that collects and bears down on the Indian plate enough to pull it away from the Eurasian plate slightly, temporarily relieving a small portion of die stress mounting on the MHT. As the rainwater evaporates in the dry winter season, die plate rebounds and tension is increased back on the fault. Interestingly, the mild waggle of stress induced by the monsoon nains is about die same size as that from solid-Earth tides which gently tug at the planets solid layers, but whereas changes in earthquake frequency correspond with the annually occurring monsoon, there is no such correlation with Earth tides, which oscillate back-and-forth twice a day. We therefore investigate die general response of the creeping and seismogenic parts of MHT to periodic stresses in order to link there observations to physical parameters. First, the response of die creeping part of the MHT is analyzed with a simple spring-and-slider system bearing rate-strengthening rheology, and we show that at the transition with die locked zone, where the friction becomes Wear velocity neutral, the response of the slip rate may be amplified at some periods, which values are analytically related to the physical parameters of die problem. Such predictions therefore hold the potential of constraining fault properties on the MHT, but still await observational counterparts to be applied, as nothing indicates that the variations of seismicity rate on die locked part of the MHT are the direct expressions of variations of the slip rate on its creeping part, and no variations of die slip rate have been singled out from die GPS measurements to this day. When shifting to die locked seismogenic part of the MHT, spring-and-slider models with rate-weakening rheology are insufficient to explain die contrasted responses of die seismicity to the periodic loads that tides and monsoon both place on the MHT. Lnstead, we resort to numerical simulations using the Boundary Integral CYCLes of Earthquakes algorithm and examine die response of a 2D finite fault embedded with a rate-weakening patch to harmonie stress perturbations of varions periods. We show that such simulations are able to reproduce results consistent with a graduai amplification of sensitivity as die perturbing period get larger, up to a critical period corresponding to the characteristic Lime of evolution of the seismicity in response to a step-like perturbation of stress. This increase of sensitivity was not reproduced by simple 1D-spring-slider systems, probably because of the complexity of the nucleation process, reproduced only by 2D-fault models. When the nucleation zone is close to its critical unstable size, its growth becomes highly sensitive to any externat perturbations and the timings of produced events may therefore fmd themselves highly affected. A fully analytical framework has yet to be developed and further work is needed to fully describe the behavior of die fault in ternis of physical parameters, which will likely provide die keys to deduce constitutive properties of the MHT fion seismological observations
Cattin, Rodolphe. "Modelisation du cycle sismique en zone de subduction, application a la region du nord chili." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077188.
Full textTrique, Michaël. "Étude en site naturel des phénomènes physiques associés au cycle sismique : l'expérience de Sur-Frêtes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10275.
Full textBooks on the topic "Cycles Sismiques"
ROLANDONE. Cycle Sismique : Lobservation la Modelihb: Cycle Sismique. ISTE Editions Ltd., 2023.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Cycles Sismiques"
Y. THOMAS, Marion, and Harsha S. BHAT. "Lois de friction et modélisation numérique du cycle sismique." In Le cycle sismique, 141–68. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch4.
Full textRADIGUET, Mathilde. "Cycle sismique de la subduction mexicaine : mise en évidence du rôle clé des déformations transitoires." In Le cycle sismique, 187–211. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch6.
Full textDOMINGUEZ, Stéphane. "Modélisation analogique du cycle sismique et de la dynamique des séismes." In Le cycle sismique, 327–46. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch12.
Full textROLANDONE, Frédérique. "Phase post-sismique : observations géodésiques et mécanismes." In Le cycle sismique, 119–39. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch3.
Full textDUPUTEL, Zacharie. "Phase co-sismique : imagerie de la rupture sismique." In Le cycle sismique, 77–118. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch2.
Full textCUBAS, Nadaya. "Topographie des avant-arcs : reflet des propriétés sismiques des méga-chevauchements." In Le cycle sismique, 213–27. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch7.
Full textSTEER, Philippe. "Interactions entre la déformation tectonique et l’érosion lors du cycle sismique dans les chaînes de montagnes." In Le cycle sismique, 257–83. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch9.
Full textDOUBRE, Cécile. "Le cycle de diking au niveau des frontières de plaques divergentes." In Le cycle sismique, 229–56. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch8.
Full textVALLÉE, Martin. "Détermination des caractéristiques principales des séismes à partir des données sismologiques." In Le cycle sismique, 37–75. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch1.
Full textVAN DER WOERD, Jérôme. "Déformation cumulée, vitesse long terme et cycle sismique des décrochements intracontinentaux." In Le cycle sismique, 285–306. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch10.
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