Academic literature on the topic 'Cycle du carbone terrestre'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cycle du carbone terrestre"
Delsemme, Armand H. "Origine du carbone, de l'azote et de l'eau terrestre." Bulletin de la Classe des sciences 3, no. 5 (1992): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/barb.1992.27350.
Full textBailly, Sean. "Un cycle en pur carbone." Pour la Science N° 504 - octobre, no. 10 (January 10, 2019): 9b. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pls.504.0009b.
Full textLefebvre, Gaétan, Patrick D’Hugues, and Christophe Poinssot. "Transition énergétique, « intensité matières » et criticité." Revue Générale Nucléaire, no. 4 (July 2021): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rgn/20214022.
Full textRoussel-Debet, S. "Données utiles à l’interprétation des mesures de carbone 14 en milieu terrestre." Radioprotection 49, no. 1 (December 16, 2013): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2013080.
Full textFriedlingstein, Pierre, Laurent BOPP, and Patricia CADULE. "Changement climatique et cycle du carbone." La Météorologie 8, no. 58 (2007): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/18204.
Full textBard, Édouard, and Richard Sempéré. "Le cycle du carbone dans l’océan." La lettre du Collège de France, no. 40 (September 2, 2015): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/lettre-cdf.2102.
Full textMukala, K. "Variations Transitoires Régulières de la Composante Horizontale du Champ Magnétique Terrestre en République démocratique du Congo pour un Cycle Solaire." Revue Congolaise des Sciences & Technologies 01, no. 01 (August 15, 2022): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.59228/rcst.022.v1.i1.08.
Full textGrauby, A., L. Foulquier, C. Colle, Y. Baudin-Jaulent, A. Saas, and M. Morello. "Cycle des actinides dans l'environnement terrestre et dulcaquicole." Journal of the Less Common Metals 122 (August 1986): 499–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(86)90446-7.
Full textSchlamadinger, Bernhard, Lorenza Canella, Gregg Marland, and Josef Spitzer. "Bioenergy strategies and the global carbon cycle. / Stratégies bioénergétiques et cycle global du carbone." Sciences Géologiques. Bulletin 50, no. 1 (1997): 157–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sgeol.1997.1951.
Full textDOLLÉ, J. B., J. AGABRIEL, J. L. PEYRAUD, P. FAVERDIN, V. MANNEVILLE, C. RAISON, A. GAC, and A. LE GALL. "Les gaz à effet de serre en élevage bovin : évaluation et leviers d'action." INRAE Productions Animales 24, no. 5 (December 8, 2011): 415–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2011.24.5.3275.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Cycle du carbone terrestre"
Maisongrande, Philippe. "Modélisation du cycle du carbone dans la biosphère terrestre : intégration de données satellitaires." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT131H.
Full textCadule, Patricia. "Modélisation des interactions entre le système climatique et le cycle du carbone." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066142.
Full textSun, Yan. "Simulation du cycle biogéochimique du phosphore dans le modèle de surface terrestre ORCHIDEE : évaluation par rapport à des données d'observation locales et mondiales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASJ001.
Full textPhosphorus (P) plays a critical role in controlling metabolic processes, soil organic matter dynamics, plant growth and ecosystem productivity, thereby affecting greenhouse gas balance (GHG) of land ecosystems. A small number of land surface models have incorporated P cycles but their predictions of GHG balances remain highly uncertain. The reasons are: (1) scarce benchmarking data for key P-related processes (e.g. continental to global scale gridded datasets), (2) lack of comprehensive global evaluation strategy tailored for d P processes and interlinkages with carbon and nitrogen (N) cycles, and (3) insufficient model calibration limited by the high computation cost to simulate coupled CNP cycles which operate on timescales of minutes to millenia. Addressing those research gaps, I apply a combination of statistical methods (machine learning), LSMs and observational data among various scales.Firstly (Chapter 2), to address the lack of benchmarking data, I applied two machine-learning methods with the aim to produce spatial gridded maps of acid phosphatase (AP) activity on continental scale by scaling up scattered site observations of potential AP activity. AP secreted by fungi, bacteria and plant roots play an important role in recycling of soil P via transforming unavailable organic P into assimilable phosphate. The back-propagation artificial network (BPN) method that was chosen explained 58% of AP variability and was able to identify the gradients in AP along three transects in Europe. Soil nutrients (total nitrogen, total P and labile organic P) and climatic controls (annual precipitation, mean annual temperature and temperature amplitude) were detected to be the dominant factors influencing AP variations in space.Secondly (Chapter 3), I evaluated the performance of the global version of the land surface model ORCHIDEE-CNP (v1.2) using the data from chapter 2 as well as additional data from remote-sensing, ground-based measurement networks and ecological databases. Simulated components of the N and P cycle at different levels of aggregation (from local to global) are in good agreement with data-driven estimates. We identified model biases, in the simulated large-scale patterns of leaf and soil stoichiometry and plant P use efficiency, which point towards an underestimation of P availability towards the poles. Based on our analysis, we propose ways to address the model biases by giving priority to better representing processes of soil organic P mineralization and soil inorganic P transformation.Lastly (Chapter 4), I designed and tested a Machine Learning (ML)-based procedure for acceleration of the equilibration of biogeochemical cycles to boundary conditions (spinup) which is causing the low computational efficiency of current P-enabled LSMs. This ML-based acceleration approach (MLA) requires to spin-up only a small subset of model pixels (14.1%) from which the equilibrium state of the remaining pixels is estimated by ML. MLA predicts the equilibrium state of soil, biomass and litter C, N and P on both PFT and global scale sufficiently well as indicated by the minor error introduced in simulating current land carbon balance. The computational consumption of MLA is about one order of magnitude less than the currently used approach, which opens the opportunity of data assimilation using the ever-growing observation datasets.In the outlook, specific applications of the MLA approach and future research priorities are discussed to further improve the reliability and robustness of phosphorus-enabled land surface models
Zhang, Yuan. "Impacts of anthropogenic aerosols on the terrestrial carbon cycle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2020SORUS123.pdf.
Full textAnthropogenic atmospheric aerosols have been recognized to have significantly affected the climate system through their interactions with radiation and cloud during the last decades. Besides these well-known butpoorly-understood physical processes in the atmosphere, recent studies reported strong influences of aerosols on the carbon cycle, especially its terrestrial component. The changes in carbon cycle will further alter the climate through the climate-carbon feedback. It remains uncertain how much anthropogenic aerosols perturb the land carbon cycle. This thesis aims to quantify and attribute the impacts of anthropogenic aerosols on the terrestrial cycle using a modeling approach. In Chapter 2, a set of offline simulations using the ORCHIDEE land surface model driven by climate fields from different CMIP5 generation climate models were performed to investigate the impacts of anthropogenic aerosols on the land C cycle through their impacts on climate. The results indicate an increased cumulative land C sink of 11.6-41.8 PgC during 1850-2005 due to anthropogenic aerosols. The increase in net biome production (NBP) is mainly found in the tropics and northern mid latitudes. Aerosol-induced cooling is the main factor driving this NBP changes. At high latitudes, aerosol-induced cooling caused a stronger decrease in gross primary production (GPP) than in total ecosystem respiration (TER), leading to lower NBP. At mid latitudes, cooling‐induced decrease in TER is stronger than for GPP, resulting in a net NBP increase. At low latitudes, NBP was also enhanced due to the cooling‐induced GPP increase, but regional precipitation decline in response to anthropogenic aerosol emissions may negate the effect of temperature. As climate models currently disagree on how aerosol emissions affect tropical precipitation, the precipitation change in response to aerosols becomes the main source of uncertainty in aerosol-caused C flux changes. The results suggest that better understanding and simulation of how anthropogenic aerosols affect precipitation in climate models is required for a more accurate attribution of aerosol effects on the terrestrial carbon cycle
Berthelot, Marie. "Couplage entre le système climatique et le cycle du carbone terrestre : étude de la réponse biogéochimique et biogéographique de la biosphère au changement climatique futur." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066374.
Full textRiano, Sanchez Jaime Andres. "Evolution of the global productivity of terrestrial ecosystems under constraint linked to nitrogen availability : analysis over the recent historical period and future projections." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASJ012.
Full textTerrestrial ecosystems currently absorb more than a quarter of CO₂ emissions of anthropogenic origin, thanks to the fertilization effect associated with the increase in atmospheric CO₂. Most of the terrestrial system models used in recent IPCC work estimate that terrestrial ecosystems will continue to behave like a carbon sink of greater or lesser magnitude in the 21st century, depending on the future trajectories of atmospheric CO₂ and climate. Whatever the evolution of atmospheric CO₂ concentration, it remains critical to determining whether enough nutrients (particularly nitrogen) will be available to fully support the increase in primary production resulting from the fertilization effect of elevated CO₂. Most global models of terrestrial ecosystems do not account for the nitrogen cycle and the interactions between the nitrogen and carbon cycles. The latest version of the ORCHIDEE model developed in France incorporates these new features.Using this model, the objective of the thesis will be to analyze the evolution of terrestrial productivity over the recent historical period and to quantify the future development of the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems under the combined effect of these global changes: climate, CO₂ concentration, and reactive nitrogen production evolution, according to different socio-economic scenarios. Including the coupled nitrogen and carbon cycle in ORCHIDEE also requires a better approximation to one key Nitrogen input resulting from Biological Nitrogen Fixation that is currently determined by evapotranspiration. This has been recently invalidated by a meta analysis study. The second objective of this thesis consists then of implementing a process-based dynamic model for reproducing BNF in ORCHIDEE to improve the estimation of the carbon fluxes
Adams, Jonathan M. "The role of terrestrial ecosystems in glacial-to-interglacial changes in the global carbon cycle : an approach based on reconstruction of paleovegetation : l'Influence des écosystèmes terrestres sur les changements du cycle global du carbone, entre les aires glaciaires et interglaciaires : une approche par la reconstruction de la paléovégétation." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22054.
Full textSmeds, Jacob. "Inlandsvatten som en del i den terrestra kolcykeln – uppskattningar och osäkerheter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352772.
Full textInland waters, for example lakes and rivers, play a considerable role in the global carbon cycle. In addition to transport carbon between the continents and the oceans, a number of processes occur during the transport along the hydrological chain. Inland water could directly take up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere though photosynthesis, but a vast amount of the carbon origins from land. The carbon could either be emitted to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide or methane, stored at the bottom of lakes or reservoirs and/or transported (exported) to the ocean through rivers or groundwater. In this study, publications from 2007 to 2017 were reviewed, and the conclusion is drawn that 3,6 Pg C y-1 are exported to inland waters from land. 2,3 Pg C y-1 are emitted to the atmosphere, 0,15 Pg C y-1 is buried in the sediments of lakes and reservoirs and 1,1 Pg C y-1 is exported to the ocean. To understand how human affects the global carbon budget, a correct description of the natural migration of carbon between the ocean, the continents and the atmosphere is needed. Potential of improvement and uncertainties related to the quantitative estimates of emission, sedimentation and export are to a large extent connected to the poor surveys of small lakes and ponds. A more representative global distribution of the data is also needed for a better understanding of the role of inland waters in the terrestrial carbon cycle.
Bonifacie, Magali. "Cycle du chlore terrestre : les échanges manteau-océan." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077195.
Full textWe need a good knowledge of the chlorine geodynamic in order to better constrain the past and modem distribution of chlorine on Earth and the origin of oceans. This work brings new constraints on exchanges between the surface and the interior of the Earth, and particularly mantle-ocean exchanges by studying the oceanic crust (creation, alteration, subduction), as it is the main vector of exchanges between surface and deep : reservoirs. The main tools used in this study are chlorine isotopes compositions (δ³7C1). The first goal of this work was to develop and improve a technique of chlorine-extraction from silicated rocks in order to allow precise δ³7C1 determination. MORB, altered basalts, oceanic serpentinized peridotites and metaperidotite from subduction zones have been analyzed. Hydrothermal fluids (both high and low temperatures) have also been characterized. The whole data reinitialize our knowledge on Cl-isotopic compositions of the depleted mantle, the oceanic crust and the recycled material, as well as on the behavior of chlorine isotopes during assimilation, water-rock interaction and subduction. For the first time, a global view on the oceanic crust chlorine and therefore on the chlorine isotopic cycle is exposed. We propose a model of δ³7C1 evolution of the Earth's reservoirs during geological times, and that the global chlorine cycle is not at steady state. Considering the current chlorine distribution in those reservoirs, the seawater should tend to buffer the mantle δ³7C1
Ek, Ella. "Precipitation variability modulates the terrestrial carbon cycle in Scandinavia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445453.
Full textFörändringar och variation i klimatet är sammankopplade med kolcykeln genom komplexa återkopplingsmekanismer. På grund av denna komplexitet är kunskapen om kopplingen mellan klimatvariation och kolcykeln fortfarande bristande, men för att möjliggöra precisa prognoser om framtida klimat är det viktigt att ha kunskap om denna koppling. För att få mer kunskap om klimatvariation syftar därför denna studie till att identifiera återkommande strukturer av nederbördsvariation över Skandinavien under vår respektive sommar från 1981 till 2014. Dessa relateras till förändringar i sommarväxtlighetens grönhet, uppmätt som skillnaden i normaliserat vegetationsindex (NDVI). Även korrelationen mellan sommarstrukturerna av nederbördsvariationen och storskaliga atmosfäriska svängningar, s.k. "teleconnections", över Nordatlanten undersöks. Nederbördsdatan erhölls från ERA5 analysdata från Europacentret för Medellånga Väderprognoser och strukturer av nederbördsvariationen identifierades genom empirisk ortogonal funktionsanalys (EOF) av nederbördsavvikelser. De tre första EOF av vår- respektive sommarnederbördsavvikelser förklarade tillsammans 73,5 % respektive 65,5 % av nederbördsvariationen. Strukturerna av nederbördsvariation under vår respektive sommar uppvisade tydliga likheter sinsemellan. Dessutom identifierades Skanderna vara av stor vikt för nederbördsvariationen i Skandinavien under båda årstider. Avvikande år av nederbördsvariation under våren indikerade att sagda nederbördsvariation haft liten påverkan på NDVI-avvikelser under sommaren. Emellertid verkade nederbördsvariationen under sommaren påverkat NDVI-avvikelser under sommaren i centrala och nordöstra Skandinavien. Detta indikerar att nederbördsvariationen under sommaren till viss del styr den terrestra kolcykeln i dessa regioner. För nederbördsvariationen under sommaren fanns korrelation mellan både Nordatlantiska sommaroscillationen och Östatlantiska svängningen. Det finns således en möjlighet att dessa "teleconnections" har en viss påverkan på den terrestra kolcykeln genom nederbördsvariationen under sommaren.
Books on the topic "Cycle du carbone terrestre"
Zerbi, Giuseppe, Francesco Primo Vaccari, and Franco Miglietta. Il progetto PianosaLab: Ricerche sugli ecosistemi terrestri dell'area mediterranea. Udine: Forum, 2001.
Find full textMartine, Huot-Couture, ed. La vie extra-terrestre: Module de travail. Laval, Qué: Mondia, 1986.
Find full textR, Trabalka John, Reichle David E, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory Life Sciences Symposium (6th : 1983 : Knoxville, Tenn.), eds. The Changing carbon cycle: A global analysis. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1986.
Find full text1958-, Kurz Werner Alexander, Canada-British Columbia Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development: FRDA II., Canadian Forest Service, and British Columbia. Ministry of Forests., eds. The carbon budget of British Columbia's forests, 1920-1989: Preliminary analysis and recommendations for refinements. Victoria, B.C: Canadian Forest Service, 1996.
Find full textSmil, Vaclav. Carbon nitrogen sulfur: Human interference in grand biospheric cycles. New York: Plenum Press, 1985.
Find full textInternational Boreal Forest Research Association. Conference. The role of boreal forests and forestry in the global carbon budget: Proceedings. Edited by Shaw Cindy 1956-, Apps Michael J, and Northern Forestry Centre (Canada). Edmonton: Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, 2002.
Find full textGîrbea, Catalina. La couronne ou l'auréole: Royauté terrestre et chevalerie célestielle dans la légende arthurienne (XIIe-XIIIe siècles). Turnhout: Brepols, 2007.
Find full textLa couronne ou l'auréole: Royauté terrestre et chevalerie celestielle dans la légende arthurienne (XIIe-XIIIe siècles). Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2007.
Find full textGîrbea, Catalina. La couronne ou l'auréole: Royauté terrestre et chevalerie celestielle dans la légende arthurienne (XIIe-XIIIe siècles). Turnhout: Brepols, 2007.
Find full textL, Gholz Henry, Linder Sune, and McMurtrie R. E, eds. Environmental constraints on the structure and productivity of pine forest ecosystems: A comparative analysis. Copenhagen, Denmark: Munksgaard International, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Cycle du carbone terrestre"
MORI, Akira S., Takehiro SASAKI, Maiko KAGAMI, Takeshi MIKI, and Moriaki YASUHARA. "Rétroactions entre biodiversité et changement climatique." In Les conséquences écologiques et sociétales de la perte de biodiversité, 311–34. ISTE Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9072.ch13.
Full text"4.4 Le cycle du carbone." In Une introduction à la dynamique des océans et du climat, 397–432. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2390-1-005.
Full text"4.4 Le cycle du carbone." In Une introduction à la dynamique des océans et du climat, 397–432. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2390-1.c005.
Full textGONTERO, Brigitte, Timothy M. LENTON, and Stephen Christopher MABERLY. "Introduction à la productivité et au cycle du carbone dans les écosystèmes aquatiques." In Planète bleue, photosynthèse rouge et verte, 5–27. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9082.ch1.
Full textVIGNY, Christophe, and Emilie KLEIN. "Cycle sismique de la subduction chilienne : méga-séismes, gap sismique et couplage." In Le cycle sismique, 169–86. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9038.ch5.
Full text"Chapitre 8. Les gaz à effet de serre, le cycle du carbone et Gaïa." In L'homme est-il responsable du réchauffement climatique ?, 175–210. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0345-3-010.
Full text"Chapitre 8. Les gaz à effet de serre, le cycle du carbone et Gaïa." In L'homme est-il responsable du réchauffement climatique ?, 175–210. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0345-3.c010.
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