Journal articles: 'Cyborgs History'

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Bisschoff, Lizelle. "African Cyborgs." Interventions 22, no. 5 (September 19, 2019): 606–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369801x.2019.1659155.

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Warwick, Kevin. "Creating practical cyborgs." Creativity, Cognition and Material Culture 22, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 159–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.22.1.09war.

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In this paper we consider the creative realisation of new beings — namely, cyborgs. These can be brought about in a number of ways, and several versions are discussed. A key feature is merging biological and technological sections into an overall living operational whole. A practical look is taken at how the use of implant and electrode technology can be employed to open up new paths between humans/animals and technology, especially linking the brain directly with external entities. Actual experimentation in each of the different cyborg forms perhaps defines the paper’s contents more than anything else. Considered are RFID implants, magnet implants, deep brain stimulation, Braingate implants and growing biological brains in robot bodies.

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Tatman, Lucy. "I'd Rather be a Sinner than a Cyborg." European Journal of Women's Studies 10, no. 1 (February 2003): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506803010001796.

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Upon which Christian theological metaphors and models is Donna Haraway's understanding of `cyborg' ontologically dependent, and how and why might it matter? This article explores the possibility that Haraway's cyborg is a saviour-figure, made partially in the image of a transcendent God. It suggests that cyborgs do have an origin story, and that their story is inseparably linked to the theological development of Heilsgeschichte, or salvation history, which is itself linked, arguably, to the technological developments of the Industrial Revolution. Taking Haraway at her word, or at least her Christian theological words, reveals a disturbingly indifferent cyborg-God, one perfectly at ease with apocalyptic imagery and feats, but one who does not comprehend that apocalyptic rhetoric was never meant to be taken literally.

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Dartnall, Terry. "We Have Always Been . . . Cyborgs." Metascience 13, no. 2 (July 2004): 139–273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:mesc.0000040914.15295.0e.

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Hacking, Ian. "Canguilhem amid the cyborgs." Economy and Society 27, no. 2-3 (May 1998): 202–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03085149800000014.

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Glimp, David. "Moral philosophy for cyborgs." postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies 1, no. 1-2 (March 2010): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/pmed.2010.9.

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Kline, Ronald. "Where are the Cyborgs in Cybernetics?" Social Studies of Science 39, no. 3 (May 22, 2009): 331–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312708101046.

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Malhado, André. "“It’s music, a human thought structure”. La música como tecnología de los cyborgs en el cine cyberpunk Español." Cuadernos de investigación musical, no. 15 (May 11, 2022): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/invesmusic.2022.15.10.

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En este artículo, analizo cómo dos películas españolas de cyberpunk, Eva y Autómata, imaginan cyborgs y representan la música como parte de sus capacidades relacionales con artefactos, entidades y entornos. A través de un análisis interconectado, presento la idea de la ecología musical como una articulación entre las convenciones sonoras del cyberpunk y la música preexistente. Otro tema es el sujeto post-humano, al que denomino ensamblaje música-cyborgs donde los fenómenos sonoros son un agente intrínseco y activo de su construcción. La principal conclusión es que la música es una metáfora de la humanidad y un canal hacia nuevos modos de subjetividad destinados a reconfigurar la producción musical, la escucha, la interpretación y el placer.

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Woody, Andrea. "Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. Donna Haraway." Philosophy of Science 62, no. 2 (June 1995): 346–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/289868.

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Morana Alac. "Beyond Human: Living with Robots and Cyborgs (review)." Technology and Culture 50, no. 2 (2009): 468–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.0.0280.

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O’Riordan, Kate. "Life and the Technological: Cyborgs, Companions, and the Chthulucene." a/b: Auto/Biography Studies 34, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 387–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08989575.2019.1664181.

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Dalsgaard, Inger H. "Klaus Benesch's Romantic Cyborgs: Authorship and Technology in the American Renaissance." American Studies in Scandinavia 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v37i1.4497.

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Hayles, N. Katherine. "Unfinished Work." Theory, Culture & Society 23, no. 7-8 (December 2006): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276406069229.

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The cyborg that Donna Haraway appropriated in ‘Manifesto for Cyborgs’ as a metaphor for political action and theoretical inquiry has ceased to have the potency it did 20 years ago. While Haraway has turned from a central focus on technoculture to companion species, much important cultural work remains to be done, especially in networked and programmable media. Problems with the cyborg as a metaphor include the implication that the liberal humanist subject, however problematized by its hybridization with cybernetic mechanism, continues as a singular entity operating with localized agency. In a word, the cyborg is not networked enough to encompass the emergent possibilities associated with the Internet and the world-wide web and other phenomena of the contemporary digital era. Instead I propose the idea of the cognisphere. As operational concept and suggestive metaphor, the cognisphere recognizes that networked and programmable media are not only more pervasive than ever before in human history but also more cognitively powerful. It is closely associated with what many researchers regard as a major insight: the idea that the physical world is fundamentally computational. While these scientists regard computation as a physical process, the cultural critic is apt to see it as an over-determined metaphor. The binary choice between seeing the computational universe as a literal description of the physical world and reading it as an over-determined metaphor misses a crucial aspect of contemporary cultural dynamics: the interaction between means and metaphor, technology and cultural presupposition. Taking this dynamic into account leads to a more complete understanding summed up in the aphorism, ‘What we make and what (we think) we are co-evolve together.’

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Oudshoorn, Nelly. "Sustaining cyborgs: Sensing and tuning agencies of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators." Social Studies of Science 45, no. 1 (December 22, 2014): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312714557377.

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Dalibert, Lucie. "Nelly Oudshoorn (2020) Resilient Cyborgs: Living and Dying with Pacemakers and Defibrillators." Science & Technology Studies 33, no. 4 (November 5, 2020): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.97562.

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Butler, Andrew. "On Rob Latham's Consuming Youth: Vampires, Cyborgs, and the Culture of Consumption." Historical Materialism 10, no. 4 (2002): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692060260474512.

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Gray, Chris Hables. "MAN PLUS: Enhanced Cyborgs and the Construction of the Future Masculine." Science as Culture 9, no. 3 (September 2000): 277–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713695253.

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Bolton, C. A. "From Wooden Cyborgs to Celluloid Souls: Mechanical Bodies in Anime and Japanese Puppet Theater." positions: east asia cultures critique 10, no. 3 (December 1, 2002): 729–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10679847-10-3-729.

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Bailey, Andrew. "Zombies, Epiphenomenalism, and Physicalist Theories of Consciousness." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 36, no. 4 (December 2006): 481–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cjp.2007.0000.

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In its recent history, the philosophy of mind has come to resemble an entry into the genre of Hammer horror or pulpy science fiction. These days it is unusual to encounter a major philosophical work on the mind that is not populated with bats, homunculi, swamp-creatures, cruelly imprisoned genius scientists, aliens, cyborgs, other-worldly twins, self-aware Computer programs, Frankenstein-monster-like ‘Blockheads,’ or zombies. The purpose of this paper is to review the role in the philosophy of mind of one of these fantastic thought-experiments — the zombie — and to reassess the implications of zombie arguments, which I will suggest have been widely misinterpreted. I shall argue that zombies, far from being the enemy of materialism, are its friend; and furthermore that zombies militate against the computational model of consciousness and in favour of more biologically-rooted conceptions, and hence that zombie- considerations support a more reductive kind of physicalism about consciousness than has been in vogue in recent years.

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Emmeche, Claus. "A biosemiotic note on organisms, animals, machines, cyborgs, and the quasi-autonomy of robots." Mechanicism and Autonomy: What Can Robotics Teach Us About Human Cognition and Action? 15, no. 3 (December 13, 2007): 455–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.15.3.06emm.

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It is argued in this paper that robots are just quasi-autonomous beings, which must be understood, within an emergent systems view, as intrinsically linked to and presupposing human beings as societal creatures within a technologically mediated world. Biosemiotics is introduced as a perspective on living systems that is based upon contemporary biology but reinterpreted through a qualitative organicist tradition in biology. This allows for emphasizing the differences between (1) an organism as a general semiotic system with vegetative and self-reproductive capacities, (2) an animal body also with sentience and phenomenal states, and (3) higher forms of anthroposemiotic systems such as humans, machines and robots. On all three levels, representations (or sign action) are crucial processes. The “representationalism” invoked by critiques of cognitive science and robotics tends to focus only on simplistic notions of representation, and must be distinguished from a Peircean or biosemiotic notion of representation. Implications for theorizing about the physical, biological, animate, phenomenal and social body and their forms of autonomy are discussed.

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Talovic, Aleksandar. "Sorgner, S. L. (2021). We Have Always Been Cyborgs. Digital Data, Gene Technologies, and an Ethics of Transhumanism." Journal of Ethics and Emerging Technologies 31, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.55613/jeet.v31i1.92.

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One facet of Stefan Lorenz Sorgner’s scholarship is immediately visible in his diligent academic production: the 21st Century is a leading spatio-temporal unit of his analyses. Although such assessment could be considered a rough generalization, it should not be taken for granted. To be placed in the contextual core of the current epoch is of particular relevance with respect to multiple academic trajectories Sorgner navigates and is almost always an achievement rather than an expected, ready-made content. Namely, more often than not, especially in authorship with transhumanist labels, the temporal and conceptual curves are not subtly controlled and fine-tuned into a well-balanced thinking product that contributes to facing the current and potential issues of the relatively near and projectively feasible futures. Such gross asymmetry has various dangerous consequences Sorgner unequivocally warns about, opting deliberately to be an active chronicler of the ‘history of the present’ instead. This approach entails the dismissal of ‘guaranteed’ futurity vectors, be it Christian linearity or Kurzweilian exponentiality, but no less of petrified presentism or conventional historical layers of any inherited anthropology and the specific ethical account it is built upon.

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Floridi, Luciano. "Web 2.0 vs. the Semantic Web: A Philosophical Assessment." Episteme 6, no. 1 (February 2009): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e174236000800052x.

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ABSTRACTThe paper develops some of the conclusions, reached in Floridi (2007), concerning the future developments of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and their impact on our lives. The two main theses supported in that article were that, as the information society develops, the threshold between online and offline is becoming increasingly blurred, and that once there won't be any significant difference, we shall gradually re-conceptualise ourselves not as cyborgs but rather as inforgs, i.e. socially connected, informational organisms. In this paper, I look at the development of the so-called Semantic Web and Web 2.0 from this perspective and try to forecast their future. Regarding the Semantic Web, I argue that it is a clear and well-defined project, which, despite some authoritative views to the contrary, is not a promising reality and will probably fail in the same way AI has failed in the past. Regarding Web 2.0, I argue that, although it is a rather ill-defined project, which lacks a clear explanation of its nature and scope, it does have the potentiality of becoming a success (and indeed it is already, as part of the new phenomenon of Cloud Computing) because it leverages the only semantic engines available so far in nature, us. I conclude by suggesting what other changes might be expected in the future of our digital environment.

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PALLADINO, PAOLO. "FINN BOWRING, Science, Seeds and Cyborgs: Biotechnology and the Appropriation of Life. London and New York: Verso, 2003. Pp. xiii+388. ISBN 1-85984-687-4. £19.00, $29.99, C$39.00 (hardback)." British Journal for the History of Science 39, no. 1 (February 23, 2006): 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087406447890.

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Alexander, Amir. "Mark Coeckelbergh. New Romantic Cyborgs: Romanticism, Information Technology, and the End of the Machine. x + 320 pp., figs., bibl., index. Cambridge, Mass./London: MIT Press, 2017. $50 (cloth)." Isis 109, no. 1 (March 2018): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/696609.

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Vasyliev, Yevhenii. "Genre searches in ukrainian playwrights’ plays about hybrid war." LITERARY PROCESS: methodology, names, trends, no. 15 (2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2412-2475.2020.15.3.

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The tragic events of the Revolution of Dignity and the hybrid war have been reflected in various stylistics and genre parameters of dramatic works. The brightest of them were included in two recent anthologies, which were prepared and published thanks to the efforts of the Department of Drama Projects of the National Center for the Performing Arts named after Les Kurbas. The first of them, “Maidan. Before and After. Anthology of the Actual Drama” (2016), has absorbed 9 plays by the authors of different generations (Yaroslav Vereshchak, Nadiia Symchich, Oleg Mykolaychuk, Neda Nezhdana, Oleksandr Viter, Dmytro Ternovyi, etc.). The completely new second anthology “The Labyrinth of Ice and Fire” (2019) also consists of 9 plays (three of which are also part of the previous anthology), which are the reflections of the modern history of Ukraine. The texts about the hybrid war, which are included in two anthologies, are the subject of our analysis. The focus is on the genre specificity of these drama works. The genre modifications of archaic genres inherent in the Ukrainian theatrical tradition (vertep, mystery) are studied in the plays “Vertep-2015” by Nadiia Marchuk and “Maidan Inferno, or On the Other Side of Hell” by Neda Nezhdana. The functioning of the documentary and epic drama (“The Chestnut and the Lily of the Valley” by Oleg Mykolaychuk, “The People and Cyborgs” by Olena Ponomareva and Dario Fertilio) is analysed. The processes of episation and lyricization are considered. The peculiarities of intergeneric diffusion and the creation of a specific genre type — lyrico-epic drama are analysed. The actual monodramas of Neda Nezhdana “The Cat in Memory of the Darkness” and “OTVETKA@ UA” are highlighted, as well as the intermedial character of the genre transformations of Igor Yuziuk’s drama “C-sharp Sixth Octave”

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Pickering, Andrew. "Cyborg Spirituality." Medical History 55, no. 3 (July 2011): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002572730000538x.

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This article explores crossovers from Eastern philosophy and spirituality to contemporary science and medicine in the West. My interest is not so much in specific lines of historical transmission, as in the channels through which they flow. In particular, my argument is that different ontologies – visions of how the world is – either facilitate or block such exchanges. As an example, think about physics. The ontology of mainstream physics is a modern, dualist one, inasmuch as physical thought revolves around a material world from which anything human is absent, and the human leftovers fall to the humanities and social sciences. This ontology, more or less by definition, blocks any resonance with Eastern ideas or practices, and, accordingly, they are almost entirely absent from the history of physics, except, importantly, in lines of work on the foundations of physics, especially quantum mechanics. If one meditates on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, for instance, boundaries between the observer and the observed start to unravel, the dualist ontology erodes, and there, indeed, one finds all sorts of resonances with the East, as elaborated in an endless list of books that includes, for example, The Tao of Physics and The Dancing Wu Li Masters. That is my basic idea: resonances with the East spring forth in Western science whenever modern dualism starts to fray around the edges. But this essay is not about physics, and I turn now to the post-war history of cybernetics in Britain and its rather different non-modern ontology.

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Mirowski, Philip. "Cyborg Agonistes." Social Studies of Science 29, no. 5 (October 1999): 685–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030631299029005002.

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Buell, Denise Kimber. "Cyborg Memories: An Impure History of Jesus." Biblical Interpretation 18, no. 4-5 (2010): 313–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851510x517573.

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Cox, Lara. "Decolonial Queer Feminism in Donna Haraway's ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ (1985)." Paragraph 41, no. 3 (November 2018): 317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2018.0274.

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This article explores the queer qualities of feminist scientist Donna Haraway's ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ (1985). In the first part, the article investigates the similarities between ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ and the ideas circulating in queer theory, including the hybridity of identity, and the disruption of totalizing social categories such as ‘Gay man’ and ‘Woman’. In the second part, it is argued that ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ evinced a decolonial feminist form of queerness. The article references the African-American, Chicana and Asian-American feminist sociology, theory, literature and history that ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ takes up. The article does not wish to position Haraway's white-authored text as an authoritative voice on decolonial feminist queerness, instead arguing for the role of ‘A Cyborg Manifesto’ as a bibliographical work that readers may reference in their exploration of decolonial feminist beginnings of queer theory.

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Bjørn, Pernille, and Randi Markussen. "Cyborg Heart." Science & Technology Studies 26, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55296.

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We argue that a cyborg approach both emphasizes the complexity in treating patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) attached to home monitoring devices, and makes it possible to decipher modern perspectives in the notion of ‘Patient 2.0’ and other representations of patients. We attempt to open up the notion of Patient 2.0 exemplified by ICD patients by drawing on the cyborg idea as developed by Donna Haraway as well as her understanding of science and the body as an apparatus of bodily production. We include the feminists Rosi Braidotti, Anne Balsamo, Geoff Bowker, and Leigh Star in discussing the cyborg, its infrastructures and affective potentials. We analyse modern imaginaries of remote monitoring as they are portrayed on the websites of the two largest manufacturers of ICD technologies, and based on an analysis of the apparatus of bodily production involved when patients visit a hospital to have their illness monitored we propose the analytical device cyborg heart to capture an affective apparatus of bodily production in the clinic and the idea of an enlarged sense of community as opposed to modern imaginaries of patient empowerment. Finally we discuss how the device cyborg heart differs from the notion logic of care.

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Edwards, Paul N. "Cyberpunks in Cyberspace: The Politics of Subjectivity in the Computer Age." Sociological Review 42, no. 1_suppl (May 1994): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1994.tb03410.x.

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In the Cold War, Americans constructed the political world as a closed system of ideological conflict. Computers were developed to support a closed-world discourse with centralized, computerized military command and control, embodied in Vietnam-era systems and Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative. Simultaneously, at the level of individual minds, a cyborg discourse about intelligent machines linked the microworlds constituted by computer programs to human thought processes. Popular science fiction of the 1980s, such as the Star Wars film trilogy, Neuromancer, and The Terminator merged closed-world political themes, such as military computing and global conflict, with cyborg discourse about machine subjectivity and virtual space. This political history provides a critical counterpoint to cyberpunks' overenthusiastic embrace of cyberspace.

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Caputi, Jane, Les Levidow, and Kevin Robins. "Cyborg Worlds: The Military Information Society." Technology and Culture 32, no. 4 (October 1991): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3106181.

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Maranhão F, Eduardo Meinberg de Abuquerque. "“Sou presbiteriana crossdresser e saio do armário no Facebook”: (Re/des)montando identidades trans* em rede e na rede." Revista Observatório 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2016v2n1p138.

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Apresento, neste artigo, considerações sucintas sobre como pessoas trans* podem sair do armário (ou retornar ao mesmo) através do site de redes sociais Facebook. Trata-se de um trabalho de história do tempo presente/imediato que se utiliza de história oral ciborgue, fundamentado em entrevistas de história oral off-line, entrevistas de história oral on-line, e também via chat do Facebook. Palavras-chave: Facebook; identidade de gênero; transgeneridade; sair do armário; história oral, história do tempo presente e imediato. AbstractI present in this article, brief considerations about trans* people can come out (or return to the same) through the Facebook social networking site. It is a history of this work / immediate time uses cyborg oral history, based on off-line oral history interviews, online oral history interviews, and also via Facebook chat. Keywords: Facebook; gender identity; transgenderism; get out of the closet; oral history, history of the present and immediate time. ResumenPresento, en este artículo, breves puntos sobre como las personas trans* pueden salir del armario (o volver a ello) a través de la red social Facebook. Es un trabajo de historia de tiempo inmediato que utiliza la historia oral cyborg, basado en entrevistas de historia oral on-line, historia oral off-line, y también a través de chat de Facebook. Palabras clave: Facebook; identidad de género; transgeneridad; salir del armário; historia oral; historia del tiempo presente e inmediato. Disponível em:Url:http://opendepot.org/2774/ Abrir em (para melhor visualização em dispositivos móveis - Formato Flipbooks):Issuu / Calameo

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Gough, Noel. "RhizomANTically Becoming‐Cyborg: Performing posthuman pedagogies." Educational Philosophy and Theory 36, no. 3 (January 2004): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-5812.2004.00066.x.

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Jonsson, Zakarias. "Cyborgförfattarskapets längre historia." Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 46, no. 2 (January 1, 2016): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v46i2.8794.

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The Extended History of Cyborg Authorship During the early 1980s, computer programmer William Chamberlain constructed a computer program for textual interplay, called Racter. According to Chamberlain, this purportedly self-learning computer program later produced, through its textual output, a prosaic-poetic work which was eventually published as a printed book in 1984. This work was entitled The Policeman’s Beard Is Half Constructed, and credited Racter as its sole author. The present article presents a reading of this work, in light of historically prominent modes of literary production similar to, but also prior to, computerized text-generation, thus suggesting a longer history of cyborg authorship than has previously been acknowledged. To this end, this article references various examples of mechanized text production and writing procedures, such as William Burroughs’ cut-up technique, as well as Friedrich Kittler’s notion of the poetics of typewriting. Following Espen Aarseth’s conception of cybertext, The Policeman’s Beard is thus regarded as a novel example of a pre-existing, two-sided relation of the influence of writing material to literary style. Further, the more recently developed figure of the cyborg, popularly regarded as the epitome of human-machine symbiosis and transcendence, is rendered visible in the narrative of this book through an emerging intelligence within the story of The Policeman’s Beard. This thematically-oriented process of cognitive growth succeeds, rather than reflects, the formal self-transformation of the code inherent in the program through which the text is produced, supporting my working thesis on the mechanical organization of the text’s capacity of further informing its content. Thus, the following examination of the literary potency of the variable text generator and self-programmable computer software presents a perspective on Racter as an aetheticization of the characterics attributed to the early computer age, with special reference to cybernetic- and artificial intelligence research.

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Sent, Esther-Mirjam. "Herbert A. Simon as a Cyborg Scientist." Perspectives on Science 8, no. 4 (December 2000): 380–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/106361400753373759.

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Gough, Annette, and Noel Gough. "Beyond cyborg subjectivities: Becoming-posthumanist educational researchers." Educational Philosophy and Theory 49, no. 11 (June 9, 2016): 1112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2016.1174099.

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Sokolovskiy, Sergey V. "Cyborg Body: Humans in Theories of Extended Organisms." Sibirskie istoricheskie issledovaniya, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/2312461x/36/1.

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Ascensão, Eduardo. "The Slum Multiple: A Cyborg Micro-history of an Informal Settlement in Lisbon." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 39, no. 5 (September 2015): 948–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12301.

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Gagnier, Regenia. "INTRODUCTION: BOUNDARIES IN THEORY AND HISTORY." Victorian Literature and Culture 32, no. 2 (September 2004): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150304000555.

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WHEN ANGELIQUE RICHARDSON AND Ibegan collecting the essays included here, we were interested to see how recent theorists of boundaries like Audre Lorde (hyphenated identities), Gloria Anzaldua (borderlands), Donna Haraway (cyborg), J-F Lyotard (the in-between), or Jacques Derrida (deconstruction) fared in relation to classic theorists of boundaries like Aristotle, Hegel, Marx, and Darwin. We found that while the field of Victorian Studies has absorbed the theory, current practitioners may refer little to past or present theoretical masters. Rather they describe which boundaries were salient to the Victorians and why; when they were permeable and how; and who enforced them and to what ends. The essays in this volume focus on specific boundaries and amass a wealth of detailed knowledge about them. They include the boundaries or boundlessness of London and her suburbs (Parrinder, Cunningham); transnational or deterritorialized boundaries of empire (Spear and Meduri); psychological boundaries (Rylance, Trotter); boundaries between body and soul (Moran) and living and dead (Robson); generic boundaries (Barzilai, Howsam, Small, Toker); boundaries of popular representation between art and politics (Ledger, Livesey); and boundaries between humans, animals, and machines (Joseph and Sussman). The essays here interrogate boundaries historically and pragmatically, with a high tolerance of the in-between or queer, to which I shall return below.

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Köhler, Gunther, Caroline Zimmer, Kathleen McGrath, and S. Blair Hedges. "A revision of the genus Audantia of Hispaniola with description of four new species (Reptilia: Squamata: Dactyloidae)." Novitates Caribaea, no. 14 (July 15, 2019): 1–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33800/nc.v0i14.201.

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We revise the species of Audantia, a genus of dactyloid lizards endemic to Hispaniola. Based on our analyses of morphological and genetic data we recognize 14 species in this genus, four of which we describe as new species (A. aridius sp. nov., A. australis sp. nov., A. higuey sp. nov., and A. hispaniolae sp. nov.), and two are resurrected from the synonymy of A. cybotes (A. doris comb. nov., A. ravifaux comb. nov.). Also, we place Anolis citrinellus Cope, 1864 in the synonymy of Ctenonotus distichus (Cope, 1861); Anolis haetianus Garman, 1887 in the synonymy of Audantia cybotes (Cope, 1863); and Anolis whitemani Williams, 1963 in the synonymy of Audantia saxatilis (Mertens, 1938). Finally, we designate a lectotype for Anolis cybotes Cope, 1863, and for Anolis riisei Reinhardt & Lütken, 1863. Our main focus is on the populations of anoles formerly referred to as Audantia cybotes which we demonstrate to be a complex of seven distinct species. For these seven species we provide a standardized description of external morphology, color descriptions in life, color photographs in life, description and illustration of hemipenis morphology (if available), distribution maps based on the specimens examined, comments on the conservation status, and natural history notes. Finally, we provide a dichotomous key for the identification of the 14 species of the genus Audantia occuring on Hispaniola.

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Sanna, Maria Eleonora. "Donna Haraway, Manifeste cyborg et autres essais. Sciences – Fictions – Féminismes." Clio, no. 32 (December 31, 2010): 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/clio.9952.

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Guilhot, Nicolas. "Cyborg pantocrator: International relations theory from decisionism to rational choice." Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 47, no. 3 (June 2011): 279–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.20511.

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Mirenayat, Sayyed Ali, Ida Baizura Bahar, Rosli Talif, and Manimangai Mani. "Beyond Human Boundaries: Variations of Human Transformation in Science Fiction." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0704.04.

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Science Fiction is a literary genre of technological changes in human and his life; and is full of imaginative and futuristic concepts and ideas. One of the most significant aspects of Science Fiction is human transformation. This paper will present, firstly, an overview on the history of Science Fiction and some of the most significant sci-fi stories, and will also explore the elements of human transformation in them. Later, it will explain the term of transhumanism as a movement which follows several transformation goals to reach immortality and superiority of human through advanced technology. Next, the views by a number of prominent transhumanists will be outlined and discussed. Finally, three main steps of transhumanism, namely transhuman, posthuman, and cyborg, will be described in details through notable scholars’ views in which transhuman will be defined as a transcended version of human, posthuman as a less or non-biological being, and cyborg as a machine human. In total, this is a conceptual paper on an emerging trend in literary theory development which aims to engage critically in an overview of the transformative process of human by technology in Science Fiction beyond its current status.

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Sekulic, Nada, Jovana Vukanic, and Vladan Nikolic. "Critique of the concept of nature by Donna Haraway." Sociologija 64, no. 3 (2022): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc2203323s.

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Starting from the fundamental importance that relationship between nature and culture has in humanities, particularly in relation to the nature of humans, including intersection with the debate on gender and sex, I examine the cyber-feminist approach of Donna Haraway. She interprets the concepts of gender, race, nature, sex as chronotopes, changing products of specific long-term histories, and not as self-evident data that would be grounded in biology. By introducing the categories of chronotope (unified space-time), cyborg (unified machine-mananimal), chthulocene (epoch of productive cacophony and networking), Haraway deconstructs the dichotomous demarcation between nature and culture, civilization and savagery, mind and body, male and female, as well as the boundaries between gender and sex, characteristic of the history of the humanities and related sciences, as well as of the history of feminism itself.

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Evans, Ruth. "Our cyborg past: Medieval artificial memory as mindware upgrade." postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies 1, no. 1-2 (March 2010): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/pmed.2010.8.

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Larubia-Prado, Francisco. "Franco as cyborg: 'The body re-formed by politics: Part flesh, part machine'." Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies 1, no. 2 (September 2000): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713683439.

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Hollocks, Brian. "A glimpse of early OR - A brief history of Cybor House." OR Insight 19, no. 1 (January 2006): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ori.2006.4.

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Pryor, Adam. "Jeanine Thweatt-Bates. Cyborg Selves: A Theological Anthropology of the Posthuman." Theology and Science 11, no. 2 (May 2013): 162–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14746700.2013.780433.

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Sey, J. "Psychoanalysis, science fiction and cyborgianism." Literator 17, no. 2 (April 30, 1996): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v17i2.607.

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Central to this paper is the understanding that much of crucial importance to psychoanalytic thought rests on a conception of the subject as inseparable from a history of the body a history in turn inseparable from the central tenets of Oedipus, in its turn a concept which originates in and is illustrated by literature. The paper will suggest that when recent cultural theorists, drawing on the implications of cybernetics and infoculture theory, contest the psychoanalytic notion of the subject, it is not surprising that they do so in terms of the possibility of an alternative body - a hybrid form of subjectivity between human and machine. Nor, the paper suggests, is it surprising that it should be science fiction, a genre with a long-standing concern with the possibility of such an amalgam, which supplies the key evidence for a post-oedipal theory of this "cyborg" subject. The paper concludes by speculating on the productivity of the conjunction between literature and thinking about the body, inasmuch as this conjunction attempts to establish a new anthropology of the self.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cyborgs History'

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