Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cyanide

Academic literature on the topic 'Cyanide'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Cyanide.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Cyanide"

1

Sáez, Lara Paloma, Purificación Cabello, María Isabel Ibáñez, Víctor Manuel Luque-Almagro, María Dolores Roldán, and Conrado Moreno-Vivián. "Cyanate Assimilation by the Alkaliphilic Cyanide-Degrading Bacterium Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344: Mutational Analysis of the cyn Gene Cluster." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12 (June 20, 2019): 3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20123008.

Full text
Abstract:
The alkaliphilic bacterium Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 can grow with cyanate, cyanide, or cyanide-containing industrial residues as the sole nitrogen source, but the assimilation of cyanide and cyanate takes place through independent pathways. Therefore, cyanide degradation involves a chemical reaction between cyanide and oxaloacetate to form a nitrile that is hydrolyzed to ammonium by the nitrilase NitC, whereas cyanate assimilation requires a cyanase that catalyzes cyanate decomposition to ammonium and carbon dioxide. The P. pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 cynFABDS gene cluster codes for the putative transcriptional regulator CynF, the ABC-type cyanate transporter CynABD, and the cyanase CynS. In this study, transcriptional analysis revealed that the structural cynABDS genes constitute a single transcriptional unit, which was induced by cyanate and repressed by ammonium. Mutational characterization of the cyn genes indicated that CynF was essential for cynABDS gene expression and that nitrate/nitrite transporters may be involved in cyanate uptake, in addition to the CynABD transport system. Biodegradation of hazardous jewelry wastewater containing high amounts of cyanide and metals was achieved in a batch reactor operating at an alkaline pH after chemical treatment with hydrogen peroxide to oxidize cyanide to cyanate.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Luque-Almagro, Víctor M., María-J. Huertas, Lara P. Sáez, Manuel Martínez Luque-Romero, Conrado Moreno-Vivián, Francisco Castillo, M. Dolores Roldán, and Rafael Blasco. "Characterization of the Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 Cyanase, an Enzyme That Is Not Essential for Cyanide Assimilation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 20 (August 15, 2008): 6280–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00916-08.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Cyanase catalyzes the decomposition of cyanate into CO2 and ammonium, with carbamate as an unstable intermediate. The cyanase of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 was negatively regulated by ammonium and positively regulated by cyanate, cyanide, and some cyanometallic complexes. Cyanase activity was not detected in cell extracts from cells grown with ammonium, even in the presence of cyanate. Nevertheless, a low level of cyanase activity was detected in nitrogen-starved cells. The cyn gene cluster of P. pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 was cloned and analyzed. The cynA, cynB, and cynD genes encode an ABC-type transporter, the cynS gene codes for the cyanase, and the cynF gene encodes a novel σ54-dependent transcriptional regulator which is not present in other bacterial cyn gene clusters. The CynS protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by following a simple and rapid protocol. The P. pseudoalcaligenes cyanase showed an optimal pH of 8.5°C and a temperature of 65°C. An insertion mutation was generated in the cynS gene. The resulting mutant was unable to use cyanate as the sole nitrogen source but showed the same resistance to cyanate as the wild-type strain. These results, in conjunction with the induction pattern of the enzymatic activity, suggest that the enzyme has an assimilatory function. Although the induction of cyanase activity in cyanide-degrading cells suggests that some cyanate may be generated from cyanide, the cynS mutant was not affected in its ability to degrade cyanide, which unambiguously indicates that cyanate is not a central metabolite in cyanide assimilation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Luque-Almagro, V. M., R. Blasco, M. J. Huertas, M. Martínez-Luque, C. Moreno-Vivián, F. Castillo, and M. D. Roldán. "Alkaline cyanide biodegradation by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344." Biochemical Society Transactions 33, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0330168.

Full text
Abstract:
Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 uses cyanide, cyanate, β-cyanoalanine, and other cyanoderivatives as nitrogen sources under alkaline conditions, which prevents volatile HCN (pKa 9.2) formation. The cyanide consumed by this strain is stoichiometrically converted into ammonium. In addition, this bacterium grows with the heavy metal, cyanide-containing waste water generated by the jewellery industry, and is also a cyanide-resistant strain which induces an alternative oxidase and a siderophore-based mechanism for iron acquisition in the presence of cyanide. The detection of cyanase and β-cyanoalanine nitrilase activities in cyanide-induced cells suggests their implication in the cyanide degradation pathway.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Luque-Almagro, Víctor M., María-J. Huertas, Manuel Martínez-Luque, Conrado Moreno-Vivián, M. Dolores Roldán, L. Jesús García-Gil, Francisco Castillo, and Rafael Blasco. "Bacterial Degradation of Cyanide and Its Metal Complexes under Alkaline Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 2 (February 2005): 940–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.2.940-947.2005.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT A bacterial strain able to use cyanide as the sole nitrogen source under alkaline conditions has been isolated. The bacterium was classified as Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes by comparison of its 16S RNA gene sequence to those of existing strains and deposited in the Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (Spanish Type Culture Collection) as strain CECT5344. Cyanide consumption is an assimilative process, since (i) bacterial growth was concomitant and proportional to cyanide degradation and (ii) the bacterium stoichiometrically converted cyanide into ammonium in the presence of l-methionine-d,l-sulfoximine, a glutamine synthetase inhibitor. The bacterium was able to grow in alkaline media, up to an initial pH of 11.5, and tolerated free cyanide in concentrations of up to 30 mM, which makes it a good candidate for the biological treatment of cyanide-contaminated residues. Both acetate and d,l-malate were suitable carbon sources for cyanotrophic growth, but no growth was detected in media with cyanide as the sole carbon source. In addition to cyanide, P. pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 used other nitrogen sources, namely ammonium, nitrate, cyanate, cyanoacetamide, nitroferricyanide (nitroprusside), and a variety of cyanide-metal complexes. Cyanide and ammonium were assimilated simultaneously, whereas cyanide strongly inhibited nitrate and nitrite assimilation. Cyanase activity was induced during growth with cyanide or cyanate, but not with ammonium or nitrate as the nitrogen source. This result suggests that cyanate could be an intermediate in the cyanide degradation pathway, but alternative routes cannot be excluded.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Harborth, P., M. Thieme, and K. Fricke. "Bioremediation of a Cyanide-Contaminated Site Using EH-/PH-Controlled Conditions (ENA)." Advanced Materials Research 71-73 (May 2009): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.71-73.717.

Full text
Abstract:
In the course of remedial investigations for a former gasworks site, high cyanide pollution of the soil (74.6 - 101.7 mg/kgDS total cyanide) and of the groundwater (3,840 µg/l total cyanide /approx. 300 µg/l free cyanides) were particularly problematic. Extensive investigations in the laboratory as well as in field studies finally resulted in a 2-step oxic/anoxic concept. Both the free cyanides as well as the complex bound cyanides could be biodegraded at more than 90% through a combination of H2O2-treatment (ISCO) and denitrification by in situ conditions. Furthermore a destruction of the iron cyanide complexes under fermentative conditions could be observed for the first time.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Корабельников, Д. В., И. А. Федоров, and Ю. Н. Журавлев. "Сжимаемость и электронные свойства цианидов металлов." Физика твердого тела 63, no. 7 (2021): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2021.07.51036.044.

Full text
Abstract:
The compressibility and electronic properties of metal cyanides are investigated within the density functional theory taking into account the dispersion van der Waals interaction. It was shown that gold cyanide has a low linear compressibility (less than 0.1% at a pressure of 1 GPa) and a high linear modulus (~ 1200 GPa) along the -Au-CN-Au-CN- chains. Silver cyanide exhibits negative linear compressibility, which correlates with the compressibility of Ag-N coordination bonds. For sodium cyanide, the linear compressibility along the C - N covalent bonds is greater than for gold and silver cyanides, while the elastic anisotropy is less. Unlike sodium cyanide, for gold and silver cyanides, cation-anionic bonds (Au-N, Au-C and Ag-N, Ag-C) are partially covalent in nature, and the upper valence states correspond mainly to the states of cations. The band gap of gold cyanide is smaller than that of silver and sodium cyanides. The band gap widths of gold and silver cyanides significantly decrease with increasing pressure, which indicates the possibility of metallization at sufficiently high pressures.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Skowroń, Jolanta, and Katarzyna Konieczko. "Hydrogen cynide and cyanide salts: sodium, potassium, calcium, as CN-. Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)." Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 33, no. 1(91) (March 30, 2017): 5–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/1231868x.1232633.

Full text
Abstract:
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and its salts: potassium cyanide (KCN), sodium cyanide (NaCN) and calcium cyanide [Ca(CN2)] are very toxic. Hydrogen cyanide at ambient conditions is a colourless liquid or a colourless gas with the characteristic odour of bitter almonds. Sodium, potassium and calcium cyanides are white hygroscopic, crystalline solids with a slight HCN odour. Hydrogen cyanide is used mainly in a fumigation of ships, buildings, orchards and various foods, in electroplating, in the production of chelating agents such as EDTA, and in metal treatment processes. It is also used as a chemical intermediate. Cyanides are used in the extraction and recovery of gold and silver from ores, the heat treatment of metals, and electroplating. They are also precursors in chemical syntheses. Workers from metal, electrochemical, plastics, pharmaceutical, textile, chemical and food industries are exposed to these compounds. In 2008–2013, there were no workers exposed to the concentration of hydrogen cyanide and sodium, potassium and calcium cyanides exceeding the maximum admissible ceiling concentration MAC(C) 5 mg/m3 (the national database maintained by the Regional Sanitary Station in Bydgoszcz). Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides are irritating to mucous membranes and skin. They are absorbed by inhalation, dermal and oral exposure. The acute hydrogen cyanide and cyanides poisoning indicate a great danger and hazard, because these compounds are quickly absorbed into the body and their effects are present within a few minutes after the start of exposure. Exposure to sodium cyanide at a concentration of 286 mg/m3 or to hydrogen cyanide at a concentration greater than 300 mg/m3 for 1 min may be fatal. Sodium, potassium or calcium cyanides at concentrations of 25 mg/m3 are direct hazards to life and health of workers if exposure lasts about 30 min and without respiratory protection. For hydrogen cyanide this value was established as 56 mg/m3. The development of symptoms of acute poisoning by hydrogen cyanide or cyanides in humans occurs in three phases: breathlessness and excitement, convulsions and paralysis. The results of studies of subchronic and chronic exposures of workers to cyanides by inhalation indicate that symptoms of exposure were associated with changes in the central nervous system (headache, weakness, changes in the sensation of taste and smell) and damage to the thyroid (enlargement, changes in uptake of iodine, elevated concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone TSH and a reduction of thyroid hormones T3 and T4). Other studies suggest that chronic exposure to hydrogen cyanide in the hardening plant of metals caused decrements in lung functions among workers. Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides, both in aqueous solution, applied to the conjunctival sac or on the skin is quickly absorbed into the body of animals in amounts sufficient to cause toxic effects and death. In rats and mice treated with sodium cyanide in drinking water at a dose of 4.5 mg/kg bw/day for 13 weeks, no significant changes in biochemical and haematological parameters of peripheral blood and histopathological findings in the internal organs were observed. There were no pathological changes in the respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous system and kidneys in rats which were feed with hydrogen cyanide over two years. Calculated NOAEL was approximately 10.4 mg/kg body weight. There is no available data on the carcinogenicity of hydrogen cyanide and cyanides in human and animals. Positive effects were obtained in one study only, in which hydrogen cyanide was tested with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA 100 in the absence of metabolic activation, while the other strains employed in this study yielded negative results. Cyanides did not show mutagenic activity in the tests in vitro and in vivo. On the basis of the studies on hamsters, teratogenic effects of sodium cyanide were observed. This compound was toxic for pregnant mothers and caused an increase in fatal resorption and malformations in an offspring. The results of the study of workers exposed to hydrogen cyanide and cyanides and with changes in thyroid were the basis for calculating MAC (NDS) value. The LOAEL value was establishes as a concentration of 4.7 mg/m3. The MAC of 1 mg/m3 (calculated CN–) was established for hydrogen cyanide and the inhalable fraction of sodium, potassium, calcium cyanides was accepted. Due to totally different mechanism of action of hydrogen cyanide and cyanides (sodium, potassium, calcium) in chronic exposure (effects on the thyroid gland) and in the acute exposure, which is primarily associated with inhibition enzymatic system of cytochrome c oxidase, which prevents cells from using oxygen (histotoxic hypoxia), for these compounds the ceiling value MAC(C) of 5 mg/m3 was not changed. Such an approach is a deviation from the basic methodology adopted by the Group of Expert and the Interdepartmental Commission for MAC and MAI. MAC and ceiling MAC(C) values for these substances should be establish due to the different effects of critical action and mechanisms of action in the acute and chronic condition. This approach is consistent with the DECOS Committee (Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards) from 2002. According to the committee, the acute human data show the most sensitive effect, i.e., death. The steepness of the dose-response relationship and the severity of the acute effects in humans imply at the same time that utmost care should be taken to prevent this exposure level from being exceeded, not even for a short time. Therefore, the committee proposed to establish a ceiling value for the acute health effects of 10 mg/m3 for hydrogen cyanide. The Scientific Committee on Occupational Exposure Limit Values (SCOEL) proposed an OEL value of 1 mg/m3. However, since the acute effects in humans are severe (i.e., death) and show a rather steep dose-response relationship, peak exposures should be avoided. Based on the steepness of the dose-response relationship and the severity of the acute effects in humans a STEL of 5 mg/m3 is recommended as CN– from any combination of the three compounds. Based on the very high skin permeability measured for hydrogen cyanide and cyanide anions in aqueous solutions, a skin notation is recommended for hydrogen cyanide and sodium, potassium, calcium cyanides.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Han, Wenwen, Hongying Yang, and Linlin Tong. "Removal of Cyanide in Gold Cyanide Residues through Persulfate-Advanced Oxidation Process." Minerals 13, no. 5 (April 28, 2023): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13050613.

Full text
Abstract:
The toxic cyanides in gold cyanide residues produced in the cyanidation process of gold extraction threaten environmental safety and inhibit the recovery of valuable metals. In this study, the removal of cyanide through the persulfate-advanced oxidation process was investigated, and heat activation and ultrasonic activation were tested for cyanide removal. The results showed that cyanide in cyanide residue could be removed by 2.0 wt.% potassium persulfate at pH 10.0 after 60 min reaction with a removal efficiency of 53.47%. The removal efficiency increased to 62.18% at T = 60 °C for heat activation and 74.76% with an ultrasonic power of 100% for ultrasonic activation. The cyanide content in the toxic leaching solution of the residue after the ultrasonic-activated persulfate-advanced oxidation process (3.84 mg/L) reached the national standard of China. Two kinds of free radical scavengers, tert-butanol and methanol, were used to investigate the generation of free radicals. The results showed that both SO4•− and HO• were produced and accelerated the oxidation of cyanide, and HO• played a major role under alkaline conditions. According to XPS analysis, the oxidation of ultrasonic-activated persulfate focused on cyanide removal rather than pyrite in cyanide residue. More cyanides were transferred from the cyanide residue to the liquid phase, leading to the high efficiency of ultrasonic activation. The ultrasonic-activated persulfate-advanced oxidation process has potential application prospects for the treatment of gold cyanide residues.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Suryono, Chrisna Adhi. "Uji Lethal Concentration (LC) Senyawa Cyanida pada Karang Tingkat Laboratatorium dalam Kaitannya sebagai Bahan Penangkap Ikan Hias." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 18, no. 3 (May 27, 2016): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v18i3.529.

Full text
Abstract:
Salah satu cara menagkap ikan hias yang efektip adalah dengan cara membius dengan menggunakan cyanida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui letathal concetration senyawa cyanida terhadap karang Porites lutea dan Galaxea fascicularis. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah split plot RAK dengan ulangan 3 kali. Jenis karang merupakan kelompok utama dan konsentrasi cyanida merupakan sub-kelompok. Pengamatan yang diamati adalah jumlah zooxanthellae dan prosentase kematian karang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan semakin tinggi konsentrasi cyanida menunjukan semakin tinggi prosentase kematian karang. Demikain pengaruhnya terhadap zooxanthellae, semakin tinggi konsentrasi cyanida semakin kecil jumlah zooxanthellae pada karang. Hasil uji anova terhadap tingkat kematian karang dan jumlah zooxanthellae.menunjukan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0,001).Kata kunci : Cyanida, LC, karang, dan ikan hiasOne of the most effective to capture ornamental fishes by using cyanide unconscious. The purpose of this study was to conduct LC of cyanide compound on coral Porites lutea and Galaxea fascicularis. The split plot randomized block design with 3 replicate was use on this study. While the kind of corals as the main block and the cyanide concentration as the sub-block. The study focusing on the analyzed of the number of zooxanthellae and the percentage mortality of corals. The results of the study shows, increasing cyanide concentration affected increasing percentage mortality of coral and decreasing the number of zooxanthellae on the coral. The result of ANOVA test showed highly differences significantly (p<0.001).Keywords: Cyanide, LC, coral and artistic fishes
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Muderawan, I. Wayan, I. Wayan Karyasa, I. Nyoman Tika, and Gede Agus Beni Widana. "Chemistry and Biology of Cyanides: A Literature Review." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry and Environment 6, no. 2 (December 6, 2023): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/ijoce.v6i2.67030.

Full text
Abstract:
The term cyanide is used to describe compounds that contain the cyano, -C≡N, group. The cyanides exist in nature as inorganic as well as organic compounds in the forms of gas or liquid such as HCN, CNCl and acetonitrile, or solids such as NaCN, KCN, and Ca(CN)2. Cyanide compounds are also found in addible plants as cyanogenic glycosides. Compounds that can release cyanide are known as cyanogenic compounds. HCN has a low boiling point (25.63 oC) and is as weakly acidic with a pKa 9.2. It partially ionizes in water to give the cyanide anion, -CN. Cyanide ion from salt reacts with acid to give HCN, but at high pH (8-10), it remains as cyanide ion even if the temperature of the water is 80.0-100.0 °C. Cyanide is one of the deadliest poisons, LC50 is 1.1 and 5.0 mg/kg for HCN and NaCN, which can cause death to those who come into contact within a few minutes or hours of exposure, depending on the level and route of exposure. It is a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that interferes with the body’s ability to use oxygen. Due to its toxicity, cyanide has many roles in industry such as pesticides and medicines as nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals. Organic compounds that have a −C≡N functional group are called nitriles. Over 30 nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals are currently marketed for a diverse variety of medicinal indications with more than 20 additional nitrile-containing leads in clinical development. In addition, over 120 naturally occurring nitriles have been isolated from terrestrial and marine sources. In plants, cyanides are usually bound to sugar molecules in the form of cyanogenic glycosides. Hydrogen cyanide can be released from hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycosides which are commonly present in edible plants. Because it is a relatively common toxin in the environment, the body can detoxify a small amount of cyanide. The major route of metabolism for cyanides is detoxification in the liver by the mitochondrial enzyme rhodanese, which catalyzes the transfer of the sulfane sulfur of thiosulfate to the cyanide ion to form thiocyanate. Ingested cyanide may be countered by administering antidotes, such as natural vitamin B12 and sodium thiosulfate, that detoxify cyanide or bind to it.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cyanide"

1

Davies, Gillian Mary. "Degradation of cyanide and metal cyanides using fungi." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393787.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Parab, Preeti. "Requirements for Cell-Free Cyanide Oxidation by Pseudomonas Fluorescens NCIMB 11764." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2614/.

Full text
Abstract:
The involvement of cyanide oxygenase in the metabolism of pyruvate and a-ketoglutarate-cyanohydrin was investigated and shown to occur indirectly by the consumption of free cyanide arising from the cyanohydrins via chemical dissociation. Thus, free cyanide remains the substrate, for which the enzyme displays a remarkably high affinity (Kmapp,4 mM). A model for cyanide utilization is therefore envisioned in which the substrate is initially detoxified by complexation to an appropriate ligand followed by enzymatic oxidation of cyanide arising at sublethal levels via chemical dissociation. Putative cyanide oxygenase in cell extracts consumed both oxygen and NADH in equimolar proportions during cyanide conversion to CO2 and NH3 and existed separately from an unknown heat-stable species responsible for the nonenzymatic cyanide-catalyzed consumption of oxygen. Evidence of cyanide inhibition and nonlinear kinetics between enzyme activity and protein concentration point to a complex mechanism of enzymatic substrate conversion.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Fernandez, Ruby. "Cyanide Assimilation in Pseudomonas Fluorescens: Characterization of Cyanide Oxygenase as a Pterin-Dependent Multicomponent Enzyme Complex." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5548/.

Full text
Abstract:
Cyanide utilization in Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764 occurs via oxidative conversion to carbon dioxide and ammonia, the latter satisfying the nitrogen requirement. Substrate attack is initiated by an enzyme referred to as cyanide oxygenase (CNO), previously shown to require components in both high (H) (>30 kDa) and low (L) (<10 kDa) molecular weight cell fractions. In this study, tetrahydrobiopterin (H4biopterin) was identified as a cofactor in fraction L, thus making CNO appear as a pterin- dependent hydroxylase. CNO was purified 150-fold (specific activity 0.9 U/mg) and quantitatively converted cyanide to formate and ammonia as reaction products. When coupled with formate dehydrogenase, the complete enzymatic system for cyanide oxidation to carbon dioxide and ammonia was reconstituted. CNO was found to be an aggregate of known enzymes that included NADH oxidase (Nox), NADH peroxidase (Npx), cyanide dihydratase (CynD) and carbonic anhydrase (CA). A complex multi-step reaction mechanism is proposed in which Nox generates hydrogen peroxide which in turn is utilized by Npx to catalyze the oxygenation of cyanide to formamide accompanied by the consumption of one and two molar equivalents of oxygen and NADH, respectively. The further hydrolysis of formamide to ammonia and formate is thought to be mediated by CynD. The role of H4biopterin and of the enzyme CA in the proposed process remains unclear, but the involvement of each in reactive oxygen and radical chemistry is consistent with the proposed formation of such species in the catalytic process. H4biopterin may additionally serve as a protein stabilizing agent along with a protein co-purifying with CynD identified as elongation factor Tu, a known chaperone. At least two of the CNO components (Nox and CynD) are complex oligomeric proteins whose apparent association with Npx and CA appears to be favored in bacterial cells induced with cyanide allowing their purification in toto as a multiprotein enzyme complex.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Leahy, Christopher David. "The oxidation by peroxides of cyanides, cyanide complexes and related species." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46407.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Zlosnik, James Edward Arthur. "Cyanide and the cyanide insensitive oxidase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421885.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Chou, Chia-Ni. "Purification of Cyanide-Degrading Nitrilase from Pseudomonas Fluorescens NCIMB 11764." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33224/.

Full text
Abstract:
Cyanide is a well known toxicant that arises in the environment from both biological and industrial sources. Bacteria have evolved novel coping mechanisms for cyanide and function as principal agents in the biosphere for cyanide recycling. Some bacteria exhibit the unusual ability of growing on cyanide as the sole nitrogen source. One such organism is Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764 (Pf11764) which employs a novel oxidative mechanism for detoxifying and assimilating cyanide. A unique complex of enzymes referred to as cyanide oxygenase (CNO) is responsible for this ability converting cyanide to ammonia which is then assimilated. Because one component of the four member CNO complex was previously shown to act on cyanide independent of the other members, its characterization was sought as a means of gaining a better understanding of the overall catalytic mechanism of the complex. Preliminary studies suggested that the enzyme belonged to a subset of nitrilase enzymes known as cyanide dihydratases (CynD), however, a cynD-like gene in Pf11764 could not be detected by PCR. Instead, a separate nitrilase (Nit) linked to cyanide metabolism was detected. The corresponding nit gene was shown to be one of a conserved set of nit genes traced to a unique cluster in bacteria known as Nit1C. To determine whether the previously described CynD enzyme was instead Nit, efforts were undertaken to isolate the enzyme. This was pursued by cloning and expressing the recombinant enzyme and by attempting to isolate the native enzyme. This thesis is concerned with the latter activity and describes the purification of a Nit-like cyanide-degrading nitrilase (NitCC) from Pf11764 to ~95% homogeneity. Purification was greatly facilitated by the discovery that fumaronitrile, as opposed to cyanide, was the preferred substrate for the enzyme (20 versus 1 U/mg protein, respectively). While cyanide was less effective as a substrate, the specificity for cyanide far outweighed that (10,000 fold) of the recombinant enzyme (NitPG) implying that the native NitCC protein purified in this work is different from that of the cloned recombinant. Further evidence of this was provided by molecular studies indicating that the two proteins differ in mass (34.5 and 38 kDa, respectively) and amino acid sequence. In summary, two different Nit enzymes are encoded by Pf11764. While the two share greater than 50% amino acid sequence identity, the results suggest that the native NitCC enzyme purified in this work functions better as a cyanide-degrading nitrilase and is one of four enzyme components comprising CNO required for Pf11764 cyanide assimilation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Dorr, Patrick Karl. "Cyanide oxygenase and cyanase activities of Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764." Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292714.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Silva, Avalos Juan G. (Juan Guillermo). "Isolation, Characterization and Physiological Studies of Cyanide-Utilizing Bacteria." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278291/.

Full text
Abstract:
Ten bacteria capable of growth on the metal-cyano complex, tetracyanonickelate (II) {K2 [Ni(CN)J } (TCN), supplied as the sole nitrogen source, were isolated. Seven isolates were identified as pseudomonads while the remaining three were classified as Klebsiella species. In addition to TCN, all isolates were able to utilize KCN although it was significantly more toxic. The degradation of TCN was most complete when supplied at growth-limiting concentrations, did not occur when ammonia was present, and resulted in the formation of nickel cyanide [Ni(CN)2] as a degradation product.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Nagappan, Olagappan. "Mechanisms of Cyanide Assimilation in Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278533/.

Full text
Abstract:
Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764 was capable of utilizing cyanide as a sole nitrogen source for growth. Cyanate (OCN") and S-cyanoalanine could also serve as nitrogenous substrates, but do not appear to play a role as intermediates in cyanide metabolism. Growth of this strain on cyanate as the sole nitrogen source led to the induction of an enzyme characterized as a cyanase (EC 3.5.5.3) based on its stoichiometric conversion of cyanate to ammonia, and dependence on bicarbonate for maximal activity. However, since cyanase activity was not elevated in cyanide-grown cells it was concluded that it serves no role in cyanide metabolism. Related studies aimed at examining a possible role for S-cyanoalanine as a cyanide-assimilation intermediate showed that while this compound also serves as a nitrogen source, it also is not important in cyanide metabolism. Studies focused on the utilization of free cyanide as a growth substrate led to the development of a fed-batch cultivation procedure greatly facilitating further experimentation aimed at the identification of cyanide metabolites. In addition to CO_2 and NH_3 as described earlier, two additional metabolites including formamide and formate were detected by using nC-NMR, HPLC, radioisotrapping methods and other analytical means. The formation of metabolites was shown to be induced after growth on cyanide with the relative product yields dependent on the availability of oxygen. These findings support earlier work in which an oxygen-dependent mechanism was proposed for the formation of C02 and NH3. However, at least two additional oxygen-independent pathways of cyanide conversion can be elaborated by this organism. One of these involves conversion to formate and ammonia while the other leads to the formation of formamide, which is not further degraded. Thus, growth on cyanide appears to occur by several mechanisms of chemical transformation presumably serving both detoxification and nutritional roles. Since two of these mechanisms generate ammonia, which is readily assimilated, growth is presumed to proceed via ammonia as a provisionary nitrogenous substrate.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Chen, Jui-Lin. "Biochemical Identification of Molecular Components Required for Cyanide Assimilation in Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 11764." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278624/.

Full text
Abstract:
Utilization of cyanide as a nutritional nitrogen source in P. fluorescens NCIMB 11764 was shown to involve a novel metabolic mechanism involving nonenzymatic neutralization outside of cells prior to further enzymatic oxidation within. Several cyanide degrading enzymes were produced by NCIMB 11764 in response to growth or exposure to cyanide, but only one of these cyanide, oxygenase (CNO), was shown to be physiologically required for assimilation of cyanide as a growth substrate.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Cyanide"

1

Hou, Lynn Y. Cyanide. Santa Monica, CA: Two Stars One Universe Productions, 1999.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Hou, Lynn Y. Cyanide. Santa Monica, CA: the author, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

1926-, Kaloi͡anova-Simeonova Fina, Fishbein L. 1923-, United Nations Environment Programme, International Labour Organisation, Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals., and World Health Organization, eds. Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides: Human health aspects. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.). Technology Transfer and Support Division, ed. Managing cyanide in metal finishing. Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Technology Transfer and Support Division, 2000.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

A, Young Courtney, Twidwell L. G, Anderson Corby G, Minerals, Metals and Materials Society. Extraction and Processing Division., Minerals, Metals and Materials Society. Meeting, and Symposium on Cyanide: Social, Industrial and Economic Aspects (2001 : New Orleans, Louisiana), eds. Cyanide : social, industrial and economic aspects: The proceedings of a symposium held at [the] annual meeting of TMS (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society) New Orleans, Louisiana, February 12-15, 2001. Warrendale, Pa: TMS, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Christie, Agatha. Sparkling cyanide. USA: Harper, 1992.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Australia, Environment, ed. Cyanide management. Kingston, ACT: Environment Australia, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Muller, Marcia. Cyanide Wells. New York: Grand Central Publishing, 2008.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Christie, Agatha. Sparkling cyanide. New York: William Morrow, 2012.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Kulig, Kenneth W. Cyanide toxicity. Edited by Ballantyne Bryan, United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and DeLima Associates. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Cyanide"

1

Pulster, Erin L., and James V. Hillman. "Cyanide." In Hamilton & Hardy's Industrial Toxicology, 331–40. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118834015.ch46.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

George, David J. "Cyanide." In Poisons, 83–88. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2018]: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315371757-11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Ware, George W. "Cyanide." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 53–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7083-3_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Curry, Steven C., and Meghan B. Spyres. "Cyanide: Hydrogen Cyanide, Inorganic Cyanide Salts, and Nitriles." In Critical Care Toxicology, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20790-2_101-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Curry, Steven C., and Meghan B. Spyres. "Cyanide: Hydrogen Cyanide, Inorganic Cyanide Salts, and Nitriles." In Critical Care Toxicology, 1929–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17900-1_101.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Abbasi, Adeel, Francis DeRoos, José Artur Paiva, J. M. Pereira, Brian G. Harbrecht, Donald P. Levine, Patricia D. Brown, et al. "Cyanide Toxicity." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 641–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_817.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Schomburg, Dietmar, and Margit Salzmann. "Cyanide hydratase." In Enzyme Handbook 1, 837–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86605-0_188.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Spiccia, Leone, Keith S. Murray, Jacqui F. Young, Guillaume Rogez, Arnaud Marvilliers, Talal Mallah, Valérie Marvaud, et al. "Cyanide Compounds." In Inorganic Syntheses, 133–83. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471653683.ch4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Quintanilla, José Cernicharo. "Hydrogen Cyanide." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_752-4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Gooch, Jan W. "Sodium Cyanide." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 674. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10827.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Cyanide"

1

"Free Cyanide Degradation Kinetics of Cyanide Degrading Bacteria." In Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa). Eminent Association of Pioneers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118251.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Martins, Cátia D. F., Maria Manuela M. Raposo, and Susana P. G. Costa. "Chromo-Fluorogenic Detection of Cyanide Ion with a Cyanine Probe." In ECSOC 2023. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-27-16109.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

"Performance of Various Cyanide Degrading Bacteria on the Biodegradation of Free Cyanide." In Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa). Eminent Association of Pioneers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118255.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Vo, Asia P., Javier Longoria, William Blackledge, Isaac Yoshii, Tho Le, Robert Liou, Sari Mahon, Gerard Boss, and Matthew Brenner. "Development Of A Cobinamide-Based Cyanide Sensor For Rapid Detection Of Cyanide Toxicity." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a5861.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Vishwakarma, Rohit Kumar, Sandeep Kumar, M. Sankar, and Sachin Kumar Srivastava. "Kretschmann Configuration based SPR Sensor for the Detection of Cyanide Ions using Molecular Entrapment of Free Base Porphyrin." In Optical Sensors. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sensors.2023.stu5c.8.

Full text
Abstract:
A prism-based SPR sensor using free-base porphyrin was fabricated for the detection of cyanide ions and characterized using spectral Kretschmann configuration. It could detect cyanide ions in dichloromethane with a sensitivity of 3420 nm/mM.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lai, Willetta, C. M. Chan, P. L. Li, and K. W. Yee. "High performance cyanide-free immersion gold." In 2016 11th International Microsystems, Packaging, Assembly and Circuits Technology Conference (IMPACT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/impact.2016.7799987.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Dent, M. H., and W. R. Williamson. "Cyanide Plating with Closed Loop Recovery." In Annual Aerospace/Airline Plating and Metal Finishing Forum and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/850707.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Reichmann, L., and L. Dobson. "360. Development of an Automated, Pyridine-Free Method for Aerosol Cyanide Compounds and Hydrogen Cyanide Vapor." In AIHce 2000. AIHA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763710.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Bekirova, B. R., and S. A. Archipov. "SULFITE DISSOLUTION OF ELEMENTAL SULFUR TO PRODUCE THIOSULFATE." In XVI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE "METALLURGY OF NON-FERROUS, RARE AND NOBLE METALS" named after corresponding member of the RAS Gennady Leonidovich PASHKOVA. Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/sfu.mnfrpm.2023.109-118.

Full text
Abstract:
Environmental problems when working with cyanide solutions and waste streams from cyanidation in some areas affect the sustainability of the entire gold mining industry. Regulatory requirements for the use and transportation of this reagent, which is deadly to humans and the environment, are being strengthened. Countries such as Germany, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the USA (Montana) and Argentina (some provincial cities) have banned the use of cyanide in gold mining .
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Gupta, Harshal, Michael McCarthy, Stephan Schlemmer, Oskar Asvany, Sven Thorwirth, and Kelvin Lee. "THE ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM OF PROTONATED ETHYL CYANIDE." In 73rd International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15278/isms.2018.tl01.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Cyanide"

1

Burger, L. L., and R. D. Scheele. Interim report cyanide safety studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10139597.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Burger, L. L., and R. D. Scheele. Interim report cyanide safety studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5664674.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Riveros, P., E. W. Wong, D. J. MacKinnon, K. E. Haque, E. A. Giziwicz, and P. D. Kondos. Chloride mediated electro-oxidation of cyanide. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/327779.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Sopok, Samuel. Determination of Copper Cyanide Plating Solutions and Cadmium in Cadmium Cyanide Plating Solutions by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419994.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Simpson, B. C., T. E. Jones, and K. H. Pool. Assay development status report for total cyanide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10161338.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Zoltani, C. K., G. E. Platoff, and S. I. Baskin. Simulation Studies of Cyanide-Caused Cardiac Toxicity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432856.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Bryan, S. A., K. H. Pool, and S. L. Bryan. Ferrocyanide Safety Program cyanide speciation studies. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/112331.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Boswell, Garry W. Methemoglobin as a Possible Antidote in Cyanide Poisoning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada210270.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Argyle, M. D., R. L. Cowan, G. L. Hudman, T. A. Close, R. V. Fox, G. A. Hulet, and J. L. Scott. Noncyanide Strippers to Replace Cyanide Strippers. Volume 3. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada585254.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Petrikovics, Ilona. Development and Efficacy Testing of Next Generation Cyanide Antidotes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada594849.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Cyanide' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography