Academic literature on the topic 'Cutting forces measure'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cutting forces measure"

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Patil, Pradeep Kumar, and A. I. Khandwawala. "Measurement and analysis of cutting forces on single point cutting tool in turning of MS bar with dry condition and rust-X cutting fluid." International Journal of Structural Integrity 7, no. 3 (2016): 359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-02-2015-0008.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure the effect of rake angle on cutting forces on the rake face of single point cutting tool with two cutting conditions. The experimental setup has been developed to measure the cutting forces. The study aims to put forward the optimum cutting condition, which improves the product quality, surface finish, productivity and tool life. Design/methodology/approach – The load cell-based tool dynamometer has been developed to measure the cutting forces. The experiments have performed on the mild steel bar of hardness 60 BHN. The friction and the normal
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Park, Simon S., and Yusuf Altintas. "Dynamic Compensation of Spindle Integrated Force Sensors With Kalman Filter." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 126, no. 3 (2004): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1789531.

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This paper presents a dynamically compensated Spindle Integrated Force Sensor (SIFS) system to measure cutting forces. Piezo-electric force sensors are integrated into the stationary spindle housing. The structural dynamic model between the cutting forces acting on the tool tip and the measured forces at the spindle housing is identified. The system is first calibrated to compensate the influence of spindle run-out and unbalance at different speeds. Using the cutting force signals measured at the spindle housing, a Kalman Filter is designed to filter the influence of structural modes on the fo
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Shevchenko, A. Yu, A. Yu Popov, I. N. Drozdov, D. A. Blokhin, A. G. Kisel, and E. V. Nekrylov. "Investigation of Cutting Forces for Thin Layers when Planing and Milling." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 4 (139) (December 2021): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2021-4-66-79.

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The problem of machining structural elements with removal of metal layers with thickness less than 0.01 mm by carbide tools, when the conditional radius of the blade rounding is less than or equal to the thickness of the cut layer, is considered. These cutting conditions can be considered constricted which requires research into cutting forces and chip shape. The problem of recording and measuring small cutting forces arising during blade machining of small grooves that serve for gas drainage in the manufacture of rubber products is solved. To measure forces, a lever fixed in a universal dynam
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Subramani, G., S. G. Kapoor, and R. E. DeVor. "A Model for the Prediction of Bore Cylindricity During Machining." Journal of Engineering for Industry 115, no. 1 (1993): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2901630.

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In this paper, a model is developed for computation of bore cylindricity of machined cylinder bores. The model takes into account the effect of cutting process variables and the bore design on bore cylindricity. Surface error, which is a measure of the lack of bore cylindricity, is caused by both the elastic deflection of the bore wall due to cutting forces and the thermal expansion of the bore during machining. The effect of both the cutting forces and the bore temperature is included in the model. Experiments have been conducted to measure the bore cylindricity using an Incometer device. Com
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Jorgensen, M. J., M. W. Riley, D. J. Cochran, and R. R. Bishu. "Maximum Forces in Simulated Meat Cutting Tasks." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 11 (1989): 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128903301103.

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This study attempts to evaluate maximum force capabilities of subjects performing fourteen different simulated meat cutting tasks. The different tasks represent different cutting positions related to the orientation in which the meat is presented and the types of trimming cuts. The experiment was conducted to measure maximum force capability against two constant velocities produced by a Cybex II dynamometer through the range of motion for the simulated meat cutting tasks. The results of this experiment produced a basis for selecting cutting orientations based on force capability for cutting in
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Rezvani, Sina, Chang-Ju Kim, Simon S. Park, and Jihyun Lee. "Simultaneous Clamping and Cutting Force Measurements with Built-In Sensors." Sensors 20, no. 13 (2020): 3736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133736.

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The intensity of the clamping force during milling operations is very important, because an excessive clamping force can distort the workpiece, while inadequate clamping causes slippage of the workpiece. Since the overall clamping force can be affected by the cutting forces throughout machining, it is necessary to monitor the change of clamping and the cutting forces during the process. This paper proposes a hybrid system in the form of a vise with built-in strain gauges and in-house-developed piezoelectric sensors for simultaneous measurement of clamping and cutting forces. Lead zirconate tit
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Timokhin, I. Yu, A. A. Anashkina, G. A. Kharakhonov, and Ya O. Ermolaev. "Cutting force measurement during machining of the ceramic parts designed for aviation purposes." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 6 (759) (June 2023): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2023-6-47-57.

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The cutting force is an important parameter in control and management of the machining processes. A system for measuring and registering the cutting forces in the process of machining the complex profile ceramic parts for aviation purposes was designed, developed and tested making it possible to measure with reference to the machined area height (to the Z coordinate) on the existing numerical control system. KF5P1-5-200 strain gauges with a full-bridge connection scheme were selected as the deformation sensors. Deformation of the grinding spindle body of a special machine with the SA950S30F4K.
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Lyu, Yanlin, Muhammad Jamil, Ning He, Munish Kumar Gupta, and Danil Yurievich Pimenov. "Development and Testing of a High-Frequency Dynamometer for High-Speed Milling Process." Machines 9, no. 1 (2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9010011.

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Cutting forces are strongly associated with the mechanics of the cutting process. Hence, machining forces measurements are very important to investigate the machining process, and numerous methods of cutting forces measurements have been applied. Nowadays, a dynamometer is the most popular tool for cutting forces measurements. However, the natural frequency of a dynamometer has a direct impact on the accuracy of measured cutting forces in the machining process. Therefore, few dynamometers are appropriate and reliable to measure the cutting forces at high frequencies. In this work, a new strain
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Qu, G. J., Min Qian, J. Zhang, and Q. Xing. "Investigation on Unitary Piezoelectric Four-Component Cutting Dynamometer." Materials Science Forum 626-627 (August 2009): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.626-627.93.

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The purpose of this paper is to show the investigation on a type of unitary piezoelectric four-component cutting dynamometer. Based on piezoelectric effect of quartz crystal, such as torsion effect, transverse effect, lengthways effect and shearing effect, horizontal moment and three-direction orthogonal forces carried on the dynamometer during cutting process can be measured simultaneously. The dynamometer can be used to measure forces and horizontal moments in drilling, grinding, milling, turning. A secondary purpose is to optimize structure parameters of the dynamometer by ANSYS. The dynamo
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Sheu, Jinn Jong, Dong Mei Xu, and Chin Wei Liu. "Cutting Force and Tool Deflection Predictions for High Speed Machining of Hard to Cut Material." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 1157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.1157.

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The dimension accuracy and the too life are the major issues of the machining of hard-to-cut materials. To fulfill the requirements of accuracy and tool life needs not only well planning of cutting path but also the proper cutting conditions of cutters. The vibration and deflection of cutters caused by poor selection of cutting conditions can be predicted using models of cutting force and tool deflection. In this paper, a cutting force model considering the effect of tool helical angle and a cantilever beam model of tool deflection were proposed for the high speed machining of hard-to-cut mate
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cutting forces measure"

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Prno, Peter. "Obrábění kobaltové slitiny UmCo50." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444280.

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The diploma thesis deals with the topic of machinability of materials. The theoretical part describes the aspects according to which machinability can be evaluated. The material side of the thesis is focused on various types of difficult-to-machine materials. The cobalt alloy UmCo50 belongs to the group of difficult-to-machine materials and it is the subject of the experimental part. UmCo50 is an alloy for high temperature use. The primary aim of the thesis was to monitor the wear of the selected cutting tool when turning this alloy. Other aspects of the selected machining process were also mo
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Dvořák, David. "Testování a analýza protahovacího stroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417102.

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This master's thesis deals with the broaching technology. Theoretical part includes the essay about the technology, tools and machines used for broaching. Theoretical part also describes the analysis of the broaching machine testing. Practical part is focused on the collecting, comparing and analysis of the data. These data have been collected during and after the broaching process. The supplier of the new analysed broaching machine is Stenhoj Hydraulik and the older machine has been made by Arpini. The measurements show that the increased number of broached pieces influence the cutting force
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Uquillas, Daniel Alberto Reyes, and Daniel Alberto Reyes Uquillas. "Tool Holder Sensor Design and Implementation using Strain Gauges to Measure Cutting Forces in CNC Turning Machines." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s3m597.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>機電整合研究所<br>103<br>Cutting forces in machining operation are of great importance. There is a need to measure these forces by a simple and low cost solution. The present work covers the design and construction of a sensor to measure cutting forces generated in turning with a CNC lathe by attaching strain gauges directly inside of the tool holder, one on each side of the rectangular shank, to measure strain and estimate these forces. The design and implementation of the sensor consisted of three parts: The tool holder modification to attach the strain gauges, where a static anal
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Books on the topic "Cutting forces measure"

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N, Janaki Manohar, and Lakshmi S, eds. Contemporary Outcomes of Science, Engineering and Technology. Jupiter Publications Consortium, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47715/jpc.b.83.2022.9789391303013.

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The rise of globalisation has made it necessary for breakthroughs in scientific and technological fields in the direction of their usability, utilising efficient management practices and ethical methods. This, in turn, has powerfully stimulated the opening of new avenues of study to meet the developing patterns across all industries and service sectors over time. The progress and development that have resulted from the contributions of research done in the past have been only temporary. However, it was unable to fully measure the methodical sequences in terms of progress throughout to fulfil h
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Book chapters on the topic "Cutting forces measure"

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Uquillas, Daniel Reyes, and Syh-Shiuh Yeh. "Tool Holder Sensor Design to Measure the Cutting Forces in CNC Turning for Optimization of the Process." In Proceedings of the 38th International MATADOR Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64943-6_39.

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Koivula, Matti, Adam Felton, Mari Jönsson, et al. "Biodiversity." In Managing Forest Ecosystems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70484-0_11.

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Abstract This chapter summarises biodiversity responses to continuous cover forestry (CCF). The comparator throughout this chapter is rotation forestry (RF) and its main harvesting method—clearcutting—unless otherwise stated. Research on the biodiversity effects of logging methods applied in CCF (mostly selection or gap cutting) mainly concerns the short-term effects of measures taken in mature, originally fairly even-aged forests, at best 10–15 years after cutting. Thus far, no surveys or chronosequences cover the whole rotation period (60–100 years). Continuous cover forestry is likely to be
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Ferreras-Higuero, Eugenio, Eduardo Díez-Cifuentes, Erardo Leal-Muñoz, Miguel Clavijo-Jiménez, and Antonio Vizán-Idoipe. "Analysis of the Behaviour of Vertical Articulated Robots in Machining Operations." In Proceedings of the XV Ibero-American Congress of Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38563-6_58.

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AbstractThe aim of this work is to improve the productivity of manufacturing cells by reallocating tasks between the machine tools and the robot. The true working capacity of the robot is established considering the process forces and taking into account the specified precision of the product to be manufactured by accurately modelling its behaviour. This modelling has been carried out using the multi-body method and considering a variable stiffness in the robot joints. The behaviour of the robot at different points in the work area is determined, determining where the best results are produced
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Kitay, Ozhan, Emre Tascioglu, and Yusuf Kaynak. "Effect of Sustainable Hybrid Coolant Strategy on Machinability and Energy Consumption of NiTiHf High Temperature Shape Memory Alloy." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93891-7_46.

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Abstract Features of NiTiHf high temperature shape memory (SMA) alloy such as low thermal conductivity, high work-hardening tendency and superelasticity make machining operations difficult and cause high tool wear and high cutting forces. As industries move towards sustainability, it is vital to ensure the machining performance standards and energy efficiency of difficult-to-cut materials. Therefore, this study focuses on the energy consumption and in-depth analysis of machinability of NiTiHf alloy. The effects of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) cooling and combination of both MQL + CO2 coo
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Ben-Hanan, U., U. Eckert, M. Mende, A. Weiss, R. Wertheim, and U. Azaria. "Development of a Pneumatic Clamping System with Position and Force Control Machining." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28839-5_21.

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AbstractPrecision machining plays a vital role in modern, efficient, and sustainable manufacturing. Monitoring and controlling the clamping forces can influence positioning accuracy, workpiece deformation, thus improving the production outcome. The clamping force must be adapted to the cutting forces, workpiece geometry, and material properties to improve accuracy and control workpiece deformation during machining. The best devices available have a repeatability of ±1 µm, however, with limited precision and repeatability when re-clamping the workpiece. This paper presents the newly developed h
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Vola, Joonas, Pasi Rautio, and Outi Rantala. "Made-to-Measure: In and Out of Touch with the Old-Growth Forest." In Arctic Encounters. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39500-0_10.

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AbstractThe condition of forests is a major issue when it comes to climate change and biodiversity. One way to define the quality of a forest is by its age. In the cross pressure of socio-economic and ecological guidelines, what qualifies as an old-growth forest is not determined by a mere number but the co-constitution of various measurements, indicators, political ambitions, and the performance of the measured biological ‘units’ themselves. This transdisciplinary chapter studies how old-growth forests are made-to-measure, moving from close proximity encounters with an indicator organism, bei
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Ge, Suxia, and Lili Wang. "Analysis of Factors Influencing the Tension Change of Electrode Wire in High Speed Wire Cutting." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7887-4_77.

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Abstract The electrode wire for EDM wire cutting is not a rigid body, which is affected by external forces during processing, resulting in fluctuations in the tension value of the electrode wire, which causes the electrode wire to break, thus resulting in the reduction of machining accuracy. In order to improve the machining accuracy of the parts, the factors affecting the change of electrode wire tension are analyzed, the main influencing factors are derived, and the necessary measures are taken to make the corresponding adjustments to reduce the adverse effects of the fluctuation of tension
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Schmidt, J., F. Schreiner, B. Thorenz, and F. Döpper. "Evaluation of Material Properties of Spruce Wood Samples to Improve the Development Process for More Sustainable Sawing Processes." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28839-5_28.

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AbstractThe processing of wood as a renewable and sustainable material is steadily gaining in importance. However, sawing processes in sawmills are characterized by high electrical energy consumption. Improving the geometry of the saw teeth is an option to make sawing processes more energy efficient and sustainable. Since the industrial sawing processes in sawmills are rather inflexible, the development of new saw tooth geometries takes place in smaller experimental setups. However, the inhomogeneous and anisotropic properties of wood make it difficult to compare different material samples and
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Chanthasopeephan Teeranoot, Desai Jaydev P., and Lau Alan C.W. "Study of Soft Tissue Cutting Forces and Cutting Speeds." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2004. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-60750-942-4-56.

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A versatile equipment to study the cutting of soft tissue with surgery scalpel was designed and constructed. Experiments were performed with pig liver (ex-vivo) to measure the blade-tissue interaction forces at cutting speeds ranging from 0.1 cm/sec-2.54 cm/sec. The experimentally measured force-displacement curves reveal that the liver cutting process was made up of a sequence of repeating local units with similar features. Each local unit was comprised of a linear deformation phase followed by a crack growth phase. A method was developed to quantify the deformation resistance of the tissue d
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Kırbaş, İsmail, Musa Peker, Gültekin Basmacı, and Mustafa Ay. "Predictive Modeling and Optimization of Cutting Forces Through RSM and Taguchi Techniques in the Turning of ASTM B574 (Hastelloy C-22)." In Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4766-2.ch018.

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In this chapter, the impact of cutting parameters (depth of cut, cutting speed, feed, flow, rake angle, lead angle) on cutting forces in the turning process with regard to ASTM B574 (Hastelloy C-22) material has been investigated. Variance analysis has been applied in order to determine the factors affecting the cutting forces. The optimization of the parameters affecting the surface roughness has been obtained using response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Taguchi orthogonal experimental design. The accuracy of the developed models required for the estimation of the force values (Fx, F
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Conference papers on the topic "Cutting forces measure"

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Park, Simon S., and Y. Altintas. "Dynamic Compensation of Cutting Forces Measured From the Spindle Integrated Force Sensor System." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32037.

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This paper presents a dynamically compensated Spindle Integrated Force Sensor (SIFS) system to measure cutting forces. Piezo-electric force sensors are integrated to the stationary spindle housing. The structural dynamic model between the cutting forces acting on the tool tip and the measured forces at the spindle housing is identified. The system is first calibrated to compensate the influence of spindle run-out and unbalance at different speeds. Using both the cutting force and acceleration sensor signals measured at the spindle housing, a Kalman Filter is designed to filter the influence of
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Javorek, Bryan, Barry K. Fussell, and Robert B. Jerard. "Calibration of a Milling Force Model Using Feed and Spindle Power Sensors." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72315.

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Changes in cutting forces during a milling operation can be associated with tool wear and breakage. Accurate monitoring of these cutting forces is an important step towards the automation of the machining process. However, direct force sensors, such as dynamometers, are not practical for industry application due to high costs, unwanted compliance, and workspace limitations. This paper describes a method in which power sensors on the feed and spindle motors are used to generate coefficients for a cutting force model. The resulting model accurately predicts the X and Y cutting forces observed in
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Voronov, Sergey A., Igor A. Kiselev, and Maxim G. Yakovlev. "Identification of the Cutting Forces Coefficients via Milling Process Simulation." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48216.

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The paper is devoted to the description of a new technique (numerical and experimental) identification of the dependences between cutting forces and instantaneous chip thickness. It is required to measure only the cutting forces versus cutting conditions. Experimentally, for the given pair the processed material – the tool, coefficients of the cutting forces model are calculated by means of the optimization method (Nelder-Mead algorithm). The mathematical model of the milling process developed by authors on each step of the Nelder-Mead method is used for the process numerical simulation under
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Niknam, Seyed Ali, Azziz Tiabi, Imed Zaghbani, Rene Kamguem, and Victor Songmene. "Milling Burr Size Estimation Using Acoustic Emission and Cutting Forces." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63824.

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Burr formation is one of the main concerns usually faced by machining industries. Its presence leads to additional part edge finishing operations that are costly and time consuming. Burrs must be removed as they are source of dimensional errors, jamming and misalignment during assembly. In many cases burrs may injure workers during handling of machined part. Due to burr effect on machined part quality, manufacturing costs and productivity, more focus has been given to burr measurement/estimation methods. Large number of burr measurement methods has been introduced according to various criteria
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Shayan, Amir R., Huseyin Bogac Poyraz, Deepak Ravindra, Muralidhar Ghantasala, and John A. Patten. "Force Analysis, Mechanical Energy and Laser Heating Evaluation of Scratch Tests on Silicon Carbide (4H-SiC) in Micro-Laser Assisted Machining (µ-LAM) Process." In ASME 2009 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2009-84207.

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The purpose of applying a laser beam in the micro-laser assisted machining (μ-LAM) process is to preferentially heat and thermally soften the surface layer of the work piece material (4H-SiC) at the interface with a diamond cutting tool. In the μ-LAM process the laser beam (1480 nm and 400 mW) is delivered to the work piece material through a transparent diamond cutting tool. Thus the cutting tool and the laser system are integrated and coupled; in contrast with other LAM processes where the cutting tool and laser are separate and distinct systems. Scratches were made on a 4H-SiC substrate usi
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Al Aridi, Rimah S., Ahmad M. R. Baydoun, and Ramsey F. Hamade. "Edge Forces in Metal Cutting: Fundamental Analysis and Experimental Verification." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23510.

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Abstract In metal cutting, some of the generated forces do not contribute to chip formation. These forces are referred to as plowing forces and are induced mainly as result of the finite sharpness of the tool (cutting edge radius) and the tool’s land (flank). Determining the magnitude of these forces is essential to developing a better understanding of the mechanics and physics of applications that involve cutting at minimal feed values (e.g., micro-machining and vibration-assisted-micro-machining. It is well recognized that plowing forces increase with tool wear. This research estimates these
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Seif, Charbel Y., Ilige S. Hage, Ahmad M. R. Baydoun, and Ramsey F. Hamade. "Investigation of Drilling Temperature in Relation to Machining Conditions and Cutting Time." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23273.

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Abstract Controlling drilling temperature and thrust forces play a significant role in reducing tool wear and improving machining efficiency. In this work, drilling experiments are set up to measure flank surface temperature via thermocouple sensor wires passed through the coolant holes of 10mm twist drill and brazed to the drill flank surface. The testing setup is an inverted drilling jig where the workpiece (Aluminum 6061-T6 rod) is chucked into the spindle of a vertical machining center. Thrust forces are co-measured using Kistler type 3-component plate dynamometer attached to the table. A
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Randolph, Otto, Chin-Cheng Shih, and Bruce Tai. "Dynamic Force Measurement Using an Accelerometer: A Proof-of-Concept Study." In ASME 2024 19th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2024-125330.

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Abstract Metal cutting is a dynamic process that produces forces with a wide array of frequencies and amplitudes. Typically, dynamometers are used to measure these forces, but they are usually limited to a frequency bandwidth of 3 kHz. This maximum bandwidth is further limited by the natural frequency of the measurement setup and force transmissibility through the structure to the dynamometer. While this is acceptable for most metals, research shows that additively manufactured metals produce high magnitude vibrations at frequencies above those recorded by a dynamometer. The magnitude of the f
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Sarhan, A., A. A. Nasr, and R. M. El-Zahry. "Force Based Model for Automated Surface Roughness Prediction in Slot Milling." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dfm-21163.

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Abstract Study was carried out to analyze the dynamic cutting signals of slot-milling process, in order to design automated on-line tool and surface roughness monitoring strategies, based on indices extracted from these signals, to automatically monitor and control surface roughness in slot milling. Especially designed and manufactured sensitive strain gage dynamometer was used to measure slot-milling radial and tangential forces during milling cycle. The dynamometer was calibrated in static and dynamic ranges. The effect of flank wear width on the magnitude of the cutting force harmonics was
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James, Thomas P., Amrit Sagar, Nathaniel B. Eckman, and Anil Saigal. "Precision Micromachining Channels in Highly Elastic Polymers for Applications in Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-89658.

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The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of elastic recovery on the ability to precisely control depth of cut when micromachining channels in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Both a standard and impact resistant PMMA were machined using an orthogonal micro-slitting arrangement. While holding speed and cutting edge radius constant, the intended depth of cut was varied from 10 μm to 85 μm in order to determine the actual depth of cut due to chip formation and the fraction of material that was ploughed and then elastically recovered. Elastic recovery was determined by using a profil
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Reports on the topic "Cutting forces measure"

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Lewis, Dustin, and Naz Modirzadeh. Taking into Account the Potential Effects of Counterterrorism Measures on Humanitarian and Medical Activities: Elements of an Analytical Framework for States Grounded in Respect for International Law. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/qbot8406.

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For at least a decade, States, humanitarian bodies, and civil-society actors have raised concerns about how certain counterterrorism measures can prevent or impede humanitarian and medical activities in armed conflicts. In 2019, the issue drew the attention of the world’s preeminent body charged with maintaining or restoring international peace and security: the United Nations Security Council. In two resolutions — Resolution 2462 (2019) and Resolution 2482 (2019) — adopted that year, the Security Council urged States to take into account the potential effects of certain counterterrorism measu
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