Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Customs unions / Journal articles

Journal articles on the topic 'Customs unions'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Customs unions.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Customs unions.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Mendez-Naya, Jose, and Tomas Gomez-Arias. "Customs Unions among Producing Countries with Different Costs." Journal of International Business and Economy 10, no. 1 (July 1, 2009): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2009.1.3.

Full text

Abstract:

The effects of production cost asymmetries on the sustainability of customs unions among producing countries are investigated using a homogeneous-product Cournot oligopoly model, in which three producing countries subsidize exports of an homogeneous good to a consumer country that imposes a tariff on imports. It is found that the only sustainable customs union is the one formed by the three-member customs union. However, although the said customs union will be in equilibrium if utility transferences among member countries are allowed, it could not be in equilibrium if such transferences are not allowed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Mendez-Naya, Jose, and Tomas Gomez-Arias. "Export Subsidies and Customs Unions." Journal of International Business and Economy 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2008): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2008.2.3.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper explores how the formation of customs unions affects the argument for export subsidies in imperfectly competitive international markets. It is shown that the existence of customs unions may eliminate the incentive for their members to subsidize exports as customs unions grow larger. Therefore, it can be affirmed that regionalism and multilateralism are complementary processes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kovalenko, Maria Iliinichna. "The establishment of German Customs Union: towards the “Customs Union Agreement” of 1833." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 4 (April 2020): 170–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.4.33580.

Full text

Abstract:

This article presents an overview of economic situation and trade relations in Germany during the 1815 – 1820s, after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. The customs question was especially urgent due to the disparity of territories, and was being resolved in several German states simultaneously. The author examines the Prussian plan of customs union that was implemented in future, as well as the alternative regional projects. For detailed assessment of the indicated projects, analysis is conducted on the flow of import and export of various products on the German territories. This article is founded on the German sources, including maps of German territories and summary statistical tables, which did not previously received wide coverage within the Russian historiography. The topic of establishment of the German Customs Union was in the sidelines for a long time; therefore, this research is relevant for broad audience within the framework of studying the economic history and the history of Germany. The author determines that the period of formation of the German Customs Union was not subjected to comprehensive analysis; the alternative plans of customs unions were not sufficiently covered by the national and foreign historians, despite the extensive source base. The main conclusion consists in description of the actual alternatives to the Prussian plan of customs union, which have not been implemented due to political discrepancies between the members of the South and Middle German unions. Translation of the Customs Union Agreement into the Russian language has not been previously conducted; its provisions would be the subject of the author’s further research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Richardson, Martin. "Customs Unions and Domestic Taxes." Canadian Journal of Economics 27, no. 3 (August 1994): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/135782.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Gatsios, Konstantine, and Larry Karp. "Delegation Games in Customs Unions." Review of Economic Studies 58, no. 2 (April 1991): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2297974.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

COLLIER, PAUL. "COMMODITY AGGREGATION IN CUSTOMS UNIONS *." Oxford Economic Papers 37, no. 4 (December 1985): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041717.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Syropoulos, C. "Customs unions and comparative advantage." Oxford Economic Papers 51, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 239–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oep/51.2.239.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Riezman, Raymond. "Customs unions and the core." Journal of International Economics 19, no. 3-4 (November 1985): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1996(85)90042-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Saatcioglu, Cem, and Kaan Celikok. "European Regional Integration and its Partnership with Türkiye: An Assessment of the Specific Customs Union." International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 13, no. 1 (January 14, 2023): 184–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.14014.

Full text

Abstract:

International economic integrations, especially after the end of World War II, result from the long-term goals of establishing political unity based on countries' orientation towards their common economic interests. Customs unions, in which states abolish tariffs among themselves and apply common tariffs to third countries, are the next advanced stage of international integration after free trade zones. While customs unions eliminate tariffs and related taxes in trade within their jurisdiction, they also establish a common external tariff. This entails some asymmetrical disadvantages for the countries within the Union. A new step by Türkiye in its efforts to integrate with the West was its application to join the EEC in 1959. The Customs Union, defined by the Ankara Agreement signed in 1963, came into effect in 1996 as a result of the agreement made at the meeting of the Association Council of 6 March 1995 adopted "Customs Union Decision". The aim of this study is to examine the bilateral trade impact of the Customs Union between Türkiye and the EU. H1: Which fields should be included in the customs union between Türkiye and the EU? H2: How will the inclusion of trade in digital goods and services in the Customs Union affect EU-Türkiye trade? The results from the analysis covering the years of 1996-2021 showed that the Customs Union has had a positive but limited effect for the trade between EU-Türkiye. The customs union needs to be updated taking into account public procurement, agriculture and digital services.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Parai, Amar K., and Eden S. H. Yu. "Factor Mobility and Customs Unions Theory." Southern Economic Journal 55, no. 4 (April 1989): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1059466.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Kennan, John, and Raymond Riezman. "Optimal Tariff Equilibria with Customs Unions." Canadian Journal of Economics 23, no. 1 (February 1990): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/135520.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Melatos, Mark, and Alan D. Woodland. "Pareto-optimal Delegation in Customs Unions." Review of International Economics 15, no. 3 (August 2007): 441–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9396.2007.00686.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Gnutzmann, Hinnerk, and Arevik Gnutzmann‐Mkrtchyan. "The silent success of customs unions." Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique 52, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 178–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caje.12369.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Krueger, Anne O. "Free trade agreements versus customs unions." Journal of Development Economics 54, no. 1 (October 1997): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3878(97)00032-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Appelbaum, Elie, and Mark Melatos. "Are Customs Unions Really So Scarce?" Economic Record 94, no. 307 (September 19, 2018): 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-4932.12436.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Clausing, Kimberly A. "Customs Unions and Free Trade Areas." Journal of Economic Integration 15, no. 3 (September 15, 2000): 418–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.2000.15.3.418.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Yeh, Yeong-Her. "Tariffs, import quotas, and customs unions." Atlantic Economic Journal 20, no. 4 (December 1992): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02300084.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

YEH, YEONG-HER. "TEACHING NOTE — CUSTOMS UNIONS VS. NON-PREFERENTIAL QUOTAS." Singapore Economic Review 47, no. 02 (October 2002): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590802000547.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper intends to show that increasing a non-preferential import quota is always superior to joining a customs union, assuming that the customs union is small. However, increasing a non-preferential input quota is not necessarily superior to joining a customs union if the customs union is large and capable of influencing the terms of trade.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Harrison, Glenn W., Thomas F. Rutherford, and Ian Wooton. "An Alternative Welfare Decomposition for Customs Unions." Canadian Journal of Economics 26, no. 4 (November 1993): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/135832.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Cakmak, Ozge. "DEVELOPMENTS IN THE THEORY OF CUSTOMS UNIONS." Ekonomik Yaklasim 13, no. 44 (2002): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ey.10363.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Wang, Leonard F. S. "Product Market Imperfections and Customs Unions Theory." Journal of Economic Integration 1, no. 2 (September 15, 1986): 222–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.1986.1.2.222.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Chao, Chi-Chur. "Wage Indexation, Urban Unemployment and Customs Unions." International Economic Journal 5, no. 2 (June 1991): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168739100000009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

CHAO, CHI-CHUR. "WAGE INDEXATION, URBAN UNEMPLOYMENT AND CUSTOMS UNIONS." International Economic Journal 5, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168739100080009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Wang, Leonard F. S. "Product market imperfections and customs unions theory." International Trade Journal 1, no. 4 (June 1987): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08853908708523626.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Abrego, L. "Computation and the Theory of Customs Unions." CESifo Economic Studies 51, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/51.1.117.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Yeh, Yeong‐Her. "Incentives to Form Customs Unions and Quotas." Review of International Economics 6, no. 4 (November 1998): 695–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9396.00137.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Naya, Jose Mendez. "A New Way of Understanding Customs Unions." Journal of Economic Integration 11, no. 2 (June 15, 1996): 179–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.1996.11.2.179.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

MOZER , SERGEI. "ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL INSTRUMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION REGULATING ITS LEGAL STATUS IN THE WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION." Economic Problems and Legal Practice 18, no. 5 (November 7, 2022): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2541-8025-2022-18-5-167-179.

Full text

Abstract:

A task. To systematize and analyze the EU legal instruments and tools developed by authorized European institutions in connection with the consideration of an application for membership in the World Customs Organization. Conclusions. The research article is devoted to the issue of the EU legal status in the WCO and the use of the EU precedent for the implementation of the Strategic Directions for the Development of Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025 (Strategic Directions) in terms of joint actions with Member States aimed at obtaining the Union's membership status in the WCO. The subject of the study is the EU approaches to the legal status in the WCO; explanatory memorandum of the European Commission on WCO membership; Council decision on the accession of the European Communities to the World Customs Organization and the exercise of rights and obligations akin to membership ad interim; Declaration of competence by the European Communities in matters covered by the Convention establishing a Customs Co-operation Council. The analysis of the EU legal instruments in relation to the WCO membership can be used to develop legal tools for the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) to obtain the status of the WCO member in the course of implementing the Strategic Directions. Social Consequences. Conducting a study of the legal status of customs and economic unions in the WCO is associated with the implementation of paragraph 11.7.5. of Strategic Directions in terms of cooperation with this international organization. Practical value. The results of the study are of interest to the customs cooperation block of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and can be used by specialists from customs and other executive authorities in the EEU member states, EEC experts to organize and implement mutually beneficial customs cooperation between the EEC and the WCO. The article is recommended to researchers, teachers, students, graduate students and other categories of students in the Russian Customs Academy, in other universities and the WCO regional training centers in the specialties «Customs» and «Jurisprudence». Originality/value. The research material is based on an analysis of the practical aspects of the activities of the EU, the WCO and is the result of a comprehensive study of the issue of the legal and organizational basis for obtaining the WCO member status by economic and customs unions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kirilenko, V. P., and T. A. Abramova. "Customs Control in the Eurasian Economic Union and the European Union: the Comparative Analysis." EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics 17, no. 3 (October 3, 2023): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2023-03-92-100.

Full text

Abstract:

The study of the Institute of Customs Control is part of international integration processes. Under the rapidly changing international world facts, the international trade turnover in some directions is decreasing, and in others it is increasing at times, which affects the economy of all countries, their compliance with modern trends, part of all these processes is customs control, as one of the types of control at the state border, requiring the national security of states. The article compares the institute of customs control in the EAEU and the EU. On this basis, a comparison is made according to a number of criteria and key features. The legal regime of goods under customs control, its beginning, completion and correlation with other customs institutions are investigated. The general competence of customs authorities in the field of customs control is commented on. The circumstances of the goods being under customs control in accordance with the legislation of the EAEU and the EU on customs regulation are analyzed. As a result of comparing the institute of customs control in the EAEU and the EU, both similar and different features were identified. The comparison showed a mixed picture, since the two associations are at different stages of political and economic development, and are also characterized by different historical and geographical features.Aim. Study of the main criteria of the Customs Control Institute in the Eurasian Economic Union and the European Union.Tasks. Characteristics of the economic unions of the EAEU and the EU, as well as the study of forms of customs control in the EAEU and disclosure of customs control in the EU.Methods. Comparative legal analysis of international, supranational and customs law, as well as the study and analysis of popular science literature, description and generalization of the material in the process of research.Results. The protection of the security of the State is directly related to economic activity, namely, with the constantly flowing and increasing pace of international trade. States, uniting in unions, form a single legal field in which they create a regulatory framework. The EU introduced the institute of customs control earlier than the EAEU, since the EAEU relied on European experience when creating legislation regulating the customs area. With this in mind, this institute has similar goals and elements of the purpose of its conduct and holding.Conclusion. Actively developing integration processes lead to an increase in world trade turnover and increased control at interstate borders. Every state, and with it the unions, strive for safe and fast trade. Many elements become such tools, one of them is customs control. An institution that controls the legality, security and mutual cooperation of customs authorities and participants in foreign economic activity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Weerth, Carsten. "Survey on Free Trade Agreements and Customs Unions." Global Trade and Customs Journal 4, Issue 4 (April 1, 2009): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2009014.

Full text

Abstract:

From 1948 to 1994, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Secretariat received 124 indications of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) relating to the trade in goods, and since the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, more than 240 additional RTAs (covering trade in goods and services) have been notified to the WTO. Since 1990, the number of RTAs indicated to the GATT/WTO Secretariat concerning the trade in goods has risen strongly. A World Customs Organization (WCO) survey on the existing Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and Customs Unions (CUs) in the trade of goods has been published in September 2008. This paper shows the major findings of the WCO survey and puts them into a wider WTO/GATT picture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Melatos, Mark, and Alan Woodland. "Common External Tariff Choice in Core Customs Unions." Review of International Economics 17, no. 2 (May 2009): 292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9396.2009.00824.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Fernandez-Arias, Eduardo, and Mark M. Spiegel. "North-South customs unions and international capital mobility." Journal of International Economics 46, no. 2 (December 1998): 229–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(97)00051-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Yeh, Yeong-Her. "More on tariffs, import quotas, and customs unions." Atlantic Economic Journal 24, no. 2 (June 1996): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02299006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

MOZER, SERGEI. "ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES MEMBERSHIP IN THE WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION AS A PRECEDENT FOR CUSTOMS AND ECONOMIC UNIONS." Sociopolitical Sciences 12, no. 4 (August 2022): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2022-12-4-152-161.

Full text

Abstract:

A task. To systematize the EC (EU) experience in terms of obtaining rights and obligations akin to those enjoyed by the WCO members, including highlighting the actions and stages in connection with the consideration of the EC application for membership in the World Customs Organization. Conclusions. The research article is devoted to the issues of the EC (EU) legal status of in the WCO and the use of the EC precedent for the implementation of the Strategic Directions for the Development of Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025 (Strategic Directions) in terms of joint actions with Member States aimed at obtaining the Union’s membership status in the WCO. The subject of the study is the activities and stages passed by the EC in the framework of interaction with the WCO to change the legal status from an observer to akin to the WCO membership. The research paper presents in abstract form the legal instruments and legal structures that have been developed at the expert level to satisfy the EC application. The identified activities, by analogy, can be used to develop an action plan (roadmap) for the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) to obtain the WCO member status. Based on the results of the study, conclusions and recommendations were formed within the framework of cooperation between the Eurasian Economic Commission and the WCO. Social consequences. Conducting a study of the legal status of customs and economic unions in the WCO is associated with the implementation of paragraph 11.7.5. of Strategic Directions [6] in terms of cooperation with this international organization. Practical value. The results of the study are of interest to the customs cooperation block of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and can be used by specialists from customs and other executive authorities in the EEU member states, EEC experts to organize and implement mutually beneficial customs cooperation between the EEC and the WCO. The article is recommended to researchers, teachers, students, graduate students and other categories of students in the Russian Customs Academy, in other universities and the WCO regional training centers in the specialties “Customs” and “Jurisprudence”. Originality/value. The research material is based on an analysis of the practical aspects of the activities of the EEC, the WCO and is the result of a comprehensive study of the issue of the legal and organizational basis for obtaining the WCO member status by economic and customs unions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Perepolkin, Serhii. "Implementation of the principles, standards and rules of international customs law: individual and overall levels." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 12(24) (December 9, 2021): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2021.12.24.102-111.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to submit to the discussion of domestic international lawyers a proposal to introduce the use in scientific and educational works of the classification of the implementation of the principles, norms and standards of international customs law into two types: individual and overall. Methodology. In order to achieve the goal of the study, have been analyzed scientific approaches to understand the implementation of international law and the classification of its types. In article have been studied an Implementation articles developed under the auspices of the Customs Agreements Cooperation Council; recommendations and resolutions, conventions of the Member States of the European Union, current international agreements and other acts of Ukrainian legislation on customs matters. Results. In the article it was substantiated that individual implementation along with the states can be carried out also by separate customs territories which have full autonomy in the realization of foreign trade; customs unions; economic unions; international organizations and other participants in international customs relations. The joint implementation of the principles, norms, and standards of international customs law is carried out by two or more of its subjects simultaneously. To achieve this goal, the subjects of international customs law can use a wide range of law-making, organizational, coordination, information and control tools. Scientific novelty. It was proved that the classification of the implementation of principles, norms, and standards of international customs law into individual and overral, in contrast to its differentiation into domestic and international, most accurately reflects all types of subjects of international customs law capable of participating in such activities. Practical significance. The introduction of the classification of the implementation of principles, norms, and standards into individual and joint, will contribute to the further development of research in this area, as well as the development of a clear understanding of the implementation of officials of public authorities of Ukraine.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Nowbutsing, Baboo M. "Winners and Losers in Customs Unions: An Experimental Investigation." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 2, no. 2 (August 15, 2011): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v2i2.25.

Full text

Abstract:

In the context of a Competitive Ricardian Model (CRM), one can ask whether it is possible to relate winners and losers from a CU based on comparative advantage considerations. This was pursued by Venables (2003), who showed that careful consideration of a countryâ€™s comparative advantage â€“ with the rest of the world relative to that with its partners in the CU- yields predictions about winners and losers. Starting from initial tariff equilibrium, in a 3 country model with a continuum of goods, he shows that a country with â€˜extremeâ€™ comparative advantage will be more vulnerable to trade diversion. In this experiment, the 3 x 3 Competitive Ricardian Model (CRM) in two scenarios multiple import tariffs and a customs union. We fully characterise the equilibrium under both. Starting from a tariff distorted situation, we find that when a customs union is formed there is an increase in trade flows among members; a rise in individual consumption of some goods; a clear terms of trade effect and the existence of trade diversion. Our experimental results support the simulation findings of Venables (2003), who showed that countries which have â€˜extremeâ€™ comparative advantage in a customs union will generally be more vulnerable to trade diversion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

S.H. Yu, Eden, and Jai-Young Choi. "Inter-Industrial Externalities and The Theory of Customs Unions." International Economic Journal 6, no. 2 (June 1992): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168739200000008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

YU, EDEN S. H., and JAI-YOUNG CHOI. "INTER-INDUSTRIAL EXTERNALITIES AND THE THEORY OF CUSTOMS UNIONS." International Economic Journal 6, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10168739200080008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Nahm, Sihoon. "Trade Coordination in Free Trade Agreements and Customs Unions." Journal of Korea Trade 23, no. 3 (May 30, 2019): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2019.23.3.84.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Mahant, Edelgard, and Xavier de Vanssay. "The origins of customs unions and free trade areas." Journal of European Integration 17, no. 2-3 (January 1994): 181–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036339408429004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Bagwell, Kyle, and Robert W. Staiger. "Multilateral tariff cooperation during the formation of customs unions." Journal of International Economics 42, no. 1-2 (February 1997): 91–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(96)01443-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Gatsios, Konstantine, and Larry Karp. "Delegation in a general equilibrium model of customs unions." European Economic Review 39, no. 2 (February 1995): 319–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(94)00007-m.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Yeh, Yeong-Her. "A note on customs unions vs. non-preferential tariffs." Atlantic Economic Journal 30, no. 2 (June 2002): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02299165.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Tumanyan, Robert. "Economic Unions and the Gravity Model: Evidence from Eurasian Economic Union." Asian Journal of Empirical Research 8, no. 3 (March 12, 2018): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1007/2018.8.3/1007.3.90.98.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to analyze trade creation and trade diversion effects in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), which is an evolution of regional trade agreements. The research will analyze intra-block trade flows and test trade creation and diversion in EEU determined by customs union agreements. Gravity model has been applied to annual bilateral export flows for EEU countries paired with a sample of 58 partner countries in the period of 2005-2016, using augmented gravity model with panel year fixed effect, this paper analyzes trade creation and diversion effects of EEU in general. The results are similar to other identical studies and suggest that EEU is mostly trade-diverting with a minor effect of trade creation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Oslington, Paul. "Contextual History, Practitioner History, and Classic Status: Reading Jacob Viner’s The Customs Union Issue." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 35, no. 4 (November 13, 2013): 491–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837213000308.

Full text

Abstract:

Jacob Viner’s The Customs Union Issue, published in 1950, is the one undeniable classic in its field. The first part of this paper traces the development of Viner’s thinking on preferential trading arrangements, places his work in context, and clarifies his position on disputed issues. The second part considers the reception of his work, from the enthusiastic early reviewers to the international economists who further developed the theory of customs unions, to contemporary practitioners. While practitioners consistently misread Viner, these misreadings were scientifically fruitful, and there are reasons why fruitful science might flow from poor contextual history. Among contemporary international economists, the book has become a classic, marking off and justifying a field of enquiry.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Shumskii, N. "Regional Economic Unions of CIS Countries." World Economy and International Relations, no. 3 (2012): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2012-3-52-58.

Full text

Abstract:

For 20 years after the collapse of the USSR the post-Soviet countries, for the most part, turned into the independent states. So, it is not surprising that each of them has its own policy, posts and defends its own interests. The strive to preserve independence, to modernize the economy and to improve the living standards of the population remains the main driving force of interaction between the former Soviet republics within the Commonwealth of Independent States. The CIS serves as the main systemic structure in the post-Soviet space that allows the member states to harmonize their positions and, with varying degrees of effectiveness, to solve common problems. CIS provides more certainty than the regional grouping of states of the CIS. While assessing the results of different integration projects at the post-Soviet space, it can be concluded that until now Belarus and Russia fail to create a viable Union State. The Eurasian Economic Community (G5) is also far from the establishment of a customs union and an unified economic space. The fate of the Customs Union of three states (Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia) will be defined in the upcoming years in the context of the enormous challenges of creating a common market for goods, services, capital and labor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Vinokurov, E. "Eurasian Economic Union: A sober look." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 12 (December 20, 2016): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2016-12-43-60.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper appraises current progress in establishing the Customs Union and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Although the progress has slowed down after the initial rapid advancement, the Union is better viewed not as an exception from the general rules of regional economic integration but rather as one of the functioning customs unions with its successes and stumbling blocs. The paper reviews the state of Eurasian institutions, the establishment of the single market of goods and services, the situation with mutual trade and investment flows among the member states, the ongoing work on the liquidation/unification of non-tariff barriers, the problems of the efficient coordination of macroeconomic policies, progress towards establishing an EAEU network of free trade areas with partners around the world, the state of the common labor market, and the dynamics of public opinion on Eurasian integration in the five member states.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Ovádek, Michal, and Ines Willemyns. "International Law of Customs Unions: Conceptual Variety, Legal Ambiguity and Diverse Practice." European Journal of International Law 30, no. 2 (May 2019): 361–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chz028.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Despite having considerable historical presence – traceable from 19th-century Germany – customs unions (CUs) have long been an understudied phenomenon in international law. This article aims to remedy this gap by critically reviewing the concept of customs union and identifying key issues in CU designs. The article problematizes what is understood by the concept of CU and what is entailed by the foremost definition of CUs found in Article XXIV of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). It further investigates how recurrent design issues are resolved in practice by different CUs considering the inherent tension between the enactment of common rules and institutions and state sovereignty. We find variety in the historical, economic and legal conceptualizations of CUs, ambiguity and lacunas in Article XXIV of the GATT and diversity of CU designs along with a discernible concern for the impact of legal arrangements on state sovereignty.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ngalawa, Harold P. E. "Anatomy Of The Southern African Customs Union: Structure And Revenue Volatility." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2014): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v13i1.8385.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper studies the evolution of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), tracing it from its inception in 1889 as the Customs Union Convention, the worlds first customs union, to its current status. While the union has operated under different agreements, which have been negotiated and renegotiated with changing circumstances, the study identifies the agreements of 1889, 1910, 1969 and 2002 as key to the unions transformation. It is observed that SACU has evolved from a geopolitical organisation with a repressive colonial foundation to a well-integrated regional trading bloc that is perceived as a possible springboard for larger regional trading blocs in Africa. The study further explores evidence of declining SACU revenue and investigates its implications on government expenditures in the small members of the union; namely, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia and Swaziland (BLNS countries). It is found that among the members of the union, Lesotho and Swaziland are the most dependent on SACU transfers and, consequently, the most vulnerable to the current downward trend in SACU revenue. While Namibia has traditionally relied on diamond exports, it has also been receiving large SACU transfers relative to its GDP. In addition, the study observes that the present SACU revenue sharing formula adopted in 2002 exposes the BLNS countries to instabilities arising from global business cycles more than it does South Africa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Bulmer-Thomas, Victor. "The European Union and MERCOSUR: Prospects for a Free Trade Agreement." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 42, no. 1 (2000): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166463.

Full text

Abstract:

Negotiations between the European Union and MERCOSUR aim to establish the first free trade agreement ever between two customs unions. Among the potential obstacles are compliance with World Trade Organization rules, treatment of “sensitive” products, and competition from the proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas. This analysis reviews the economic background on both sides, the motivation, and the prospects for success, along with the agreement’s potential impact on the largest third party, the United States.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!