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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Custody of children'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Lui, Siu-ying. "Formulation of a child-focused assessment model for child custody evaluation." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470149.

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2

Pumariega, Andres J., and Michele R. Moser. "Center of Excellence for Children In State Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2003. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4991.

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3

Moser, Michele R., Jon Ebert, Janet Todd, Kristin Dean, and M. Hoffman. "Centers of Excellence for Children in State Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4986.

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4

Moser, Michele R. "Centers of Excellence for Children in State Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4993.

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5

Fleishman, Jodi Rebecca. "Mandatory legal representation for children in custody, access and child protection proceedings." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99136.

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The principle 'best interests of the child' has been expanded by the legal community in recent years to apply to any matter involving children in family law proceedings. The weight ascribed to this principle, however, has been diluted. In custody, access and child protection cases, evidence of which custodial arrangements are in a child's interests are often presented by adult parties in prolonged and costly proceedings. The judge makes an order which is intended to meet the child's "best interests", in the child's absence. This paper first examines the historical and theoretical justifications for children's rights in Canadian and international law and the "best interests" principle. Second, the concept of "legal representation for children" is explored, with specific reference to inconsistencies in the jurisprudence concerning the role of independent representation for children. This paper argues that to truly reflect a custodial or access arrangement made in the child's "best interests", it is imperative that the child's voice be heard by the court through independent legal counsel assigned to represent that child's individual needs and concerns.
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6

Mervis, Bonnie Aaron. "Going back and forth the child's experience of joint custody /." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1997. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/mervis_1997.pdf.

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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1997.
A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
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7

Pieterse, Johanna Tyziena. "The pursuit of paternal custody." Thesis, Connect to this title online, 2002. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/31/.

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8

Moser, Michele R., Janet Todd, and P. VanEys. "The Unique and Complex Needs of Children in State Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4981.

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9

Lui, Siu-ying, and 呂少英. "Formulation of a child-focused assessment model for child custody evaluation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978149.

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10

Moser, Michele R. "ETSU Center of Excellence for Children in State Custody: Consultation Model." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4980.

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11

Moser, Michele R., Janet Todd, Eys P. van, and J. Dick. "Improving Services to Children in or at Risk of State Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4976.

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12

Pumariega, Andres J., and Michele R. Moser. "Centers of Excellence: A Systems-Building Model for Children in Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4967.

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13

Moser, Michele R., Kristin Dean, Janet Todd, Jon Ebert, and Andres J. Pumariega. "A Systems-Building Model for Children and Youth in State Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4964.

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Objective: Children and youth in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems or at risk of entering them are known to have high rates of mental health problems and psychiatric disorders. Many states are struggling with the provision of mental health services for these important populations, both providing timely and adequate access to services as well as providing evidence-based interventions to address their complex needs. The state of Tennessee developed a program of regional Centers of Excellence (COEs) based within pediatric tertiary centers that provide clinical and consultative services, and technical assistance to behavioral health providers and regional branches of the state child welfare agency. These are oriented to improve access, quality, and effectiveness of care. Methods: This manuscript briefly reviews the history and process of development for the Tennessee COEs for Children in State Custody. It also outlines their evolving clinical and consultative activities, and activities to develop services infrastructure on behalf of children in custody with complex behavioral health needs. Results: The COEs have provided a significant number of direct consultative and clinical services that have been formally evaluated as highly valuable by stakeholder agencies. They have also developed an infrastructure for training and dissemination of best practices and evidence-based interventions oriented to the special needs of children in state custody. Conclusions: The Tennessee COEs serve as a national model for the building and development of regional systems, both for children in state custody and for other children and youth with complex mental health needs.
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Pumariega, Andres, Janet Todd, and Michele R. Moser. "Centers of Excellence: Building Systems of Care for Children in Custody." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4972.

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15

Rockwell-Evans, Kim E. (Kim Evonne). "Parental and Children's Experiences and Adjustment in Maternal Versus Joint Custody Families." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332622/.

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Differences between joint custody and mother custody families were assessed. The sample consisted of 42 post divorce families which had a child between the age of 4 and 15 years and resided in the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex. This cross sectional, multimethod, quasi-experimental study examined two groups of divorced families. The experimental group consisting of 21 joint custody families, was compared to the control group, consisting of 21 mother custody families. Families were matched between the two groups based on the child's gender, age and time lapse since parental separation. Within each family, interviews were conducted with one parent and with the parent's permission, a target child. Besides the interview, parents completed a questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist. Only 19 parents gave permission for their child to be interviewed. Parents completed a questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist.
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16

Pumariega, Andres, and Michele R. Moser. "Center of Excellence for Children in State Custody: Statewide and ETSU Experience." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4992.

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17

McGill, Amanda S. "Legal professionals' perception of critical information in child custody disputes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45800.

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The purpose of this study was to better understand which components of available information are used by legal professionals when making a child custody recommendation decision in Virginia.
Master of Science
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18

Lewis, Melinda Keen. "A Cluster Analysis of the Parental Effectiveness Factors on the Custody Quotient Technique (CQ)." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500645/.

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Subjects comprised four groups including: 73 judges; 90 family law practitioners; 38 psychologists; and 43 psychology graduate students. The subjects completed surveys designating the five most relevant and the five least relevant factors of effective parenting from a list of 85 such factors. As hypothesized, the family law attorneys and family law judges generated similar clusters of factors while the results of the psychologists and psychology graduate students likewise clustered similarly. These results suggest the possibility of the existence of common cognitive structures used in the custody decision-making process. Results could be used in the modification and refinement of the Custody Quotient (CQ) Technique. Future study could focus more specifically on the cognitive structures particular subjects use in making custody decisions.
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19

Convery, Una Veronica. "The use and nature of custody for children in the Northern Ireland criminal justice system." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249454.

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20

Mia, Shanaaz Christine. "The child's voice in the Hague Convention: Does ascertaining the child's view realise the best interests of the child in legal and related proceedings in terms of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2002. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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21

Benner, Kalea Kelly Michael Joseph. "Legalized orphans parental relinquishment to child welfare /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/7014.

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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 26, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Michael J. Kelly. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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22

Jones, Tricia Suzanne. "\"Breaking up is hard to do\" : an exploratory investigation of communication behaviors and phases in child-custody divorce meditation /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487263399024477.

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23

Chitwood, Richard J. "Parenting long-distance as a noncustodial parent." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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24

Sadowski, Christina. "The lived experience of security and contentment for latency aged children in shared care, post-separation : a descriptive phenomenological enquiry." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2012. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164893.

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"As a result of complex social, economic and legislative factors, the number of children in shared time arrangements (in which children spend equal, or near-equal time, with both parents post-separation) has risen steadily and incrementally in Australia and internationally. Despite the increasing numbers of children in this arrangement, conceptualisations of and discussions about shared care remain largely devoid of children's perspectives about their experiences. As a result, little is known about how children experience this way of living. This study used a descriptive phenomenological approach to explore latency aged (aged 8-12) children's lived experience of security and contentment, and their absence, in a shared care time arrangement." "Interviews were conducted with sixteen children across a diversity of living arrangements (levels of parental cooperation and conflict; self-selected and Court-ordered; day-to-day patterns) who had current or recent experience living in shared care. From this pool of interviews, the eight richest and detailed protocols were selected for descriptive phenomenological analysis. Through a process of detailed analytic exploration of these eight individual descriptions of phenomena under investigation (security and contentment in shared care; the absence of security and contentment in shared care), the core constituents of each phenomenon were discerned. From these, General Structures representing the essence, or the invariants common to all experiences under investigation, were identified. This thesis introduces a child-generated phenomenology of security and contentment, and their absence, in shared care. This phenomenology is based on the careful analysis of children's pre-reflective narrative descriptions, describing core aspects of this arrangement that contribute to their felt security and contentment, and core aspects that compromise it. Ultimately, this thesis presents the child's lived experience of feeling securely shared by parents in the context of a shared time living arrangement. "
Doctor of Philosophy
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25

Smyth, Bruce, and bruce smyth@aifs gov au. "Post-separation patterns of parenting in Australia who opts for which patterns and why?" Swinburne University of Technology. Department of Sociology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060214.110816.

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Despite widespread interest in patterns of parenting after separation in Australia, the gaps in our knowledge remain large and fundamental. Most studies, including those overseas, have taken a quantitative tack, measuring the frequency and overall amount of face-to-face contact between children and non-resident parents (mostly fathers). But obviously there is more to parent�child contact than just time. The nature and quality of the interaction are also important � perhaps even more so. Recently there has been a push towards recognising and describing both qualitative and quantitative differences in the many ways that parental sharing of time with children can occur after divorce. This thesis attempts to identify and explore some of these differences by comparing five different patterns of care: (i) 50/50 shared care, (ii) little or no contact, (iii) holiday-only contact, (iv) daytime-only contact, and (v) �standard� contact (thought to occur every-other-weekend and half of each school holidays). A representative snapshot of parent�child contact schedules after separation is presented to provide some of the detail of arrangements within this typology. Two (complementary) types of data are used: qualitative data from a series of focus groups with separated parents, and quantitative data from three large representative samples of separated/divorced parents in Australia. Joining the dots between the various pieces of data, there is much to suggest that family dynamics in tandem with demographic factors temper the form that parent�child contact takes, with different combinations of factors clearly linked to qualitatively different patterns of postseparation parenting. While separating parents need to be encouraged to think more laterally about what arrangements might work best for their children and themselves, the data presented suggest that some parents in Australia are already being very creative and there is much diversity of arrangements. The central argument running through this dissertation is that arrangements that allow children to experience fluid, meaningful time with each parent are critical for children�s and parents� wellbeing. The ideas and data presented here � especially some of the more creative timesharing schedules developed by parents � are likely to be a useful resource for separated parents, and the family law professionals they approach for assistance, to reflect on when developing or refining parenting arrangements after divorce.
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26

Vassiliou, Despina. "Parental alienation syndrome : the lost parents' perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/MQ43970.pdf.

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27

Vassiliou, Despina. "The impact of the legal system on parental alienation syndrome /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86057.

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The purpose of the present study was to examine Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) and to expand the research based knowledge in the area. PAS entails both psychological processes and legal dimensions as it occurs primarily within the context of custody litigation. False allegations of abuse (FA) are commonly associated with PAS and similarly entail both psychological and legal issues. The research comprised two separate studies. First, interviews with target parents were conducted to attain their unique perceptions and experiences of PAS and on the way their cases were handled within the legal system. Second, a quantitative comparison between PAS and FA was performed to identify any similarities and differences and examine a possible relationship between the two. Results highlighted inherent difficulties for successful joint custody arrangements for PAS families as communication was difficult and litigation was prominent. In spite of well-established parent-child relationships before the divorce, these were negatively impacted with the onset of litigation. Parents and children were negatively impacted from the PAS, including reported mental illness for both. In FA cases the children were found to be significantly younger and from one-child families compared with PAS families. Women were found to more likely be the alienators or accusers of FA. In spite of having the legal authority to deal with the PAS, judges reportedly rarely utilized this power. The limitations of the research are discussed and direction for future study given.
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28

Larsson, Malin. "Barnets bästa? : en kritisk diskursanalys om hur tingsrätten resonerar kring uppgifter om pappans våld mot mamman i vårdnadstvister." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-8831.

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Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskap kring hur diskurser konkurrerar om vad som är barns bästa och hur dessa styr tingsrättens beslut vid vårdnadstvister när det finns uppgifter om pappans våld mot mamma och eventuellt barn. Det empiriska materialet utgick ifrån 14 domar där det fanns uppgifter om pappans våld inom familjen. Tingsrätten hade som uppgift att döma huruvida vårdnaden skulle vara gemensam eller ensam för föräldrarnas gemensamma barn. Studien är kvalitativ och Norman Faircloughs diskursanalys används både som teori och metod tillsammans med socialkonstruktionism, med betoning på genus som social konstruktion. Resultatet i studien visar på två diskurser som tingsrätten motiverar sina beslut utifrån, där båda syftar till att argumentera eller göra trovärdigt vad som är för barnets bästa. I ”behovsdiskursen” betonas vikten av en god och nära relation till båda föräldrarna, emedan ”riskdiskursen” betonar risken för att barnet kan fara illa. Dessa två diskurser påverkar domstolens syn på föräldrarnas samarbete, vilket i sin tur påverkar tingsrättens beslut om gemensam respektive ensam vårdnad. Även på vilket sätt tingsrätten tar upp våldet och benämner våldet påverkas också utifrån vilken av de två diskurserna som råder. Inom behovsdiskursen bedömdes samarbetet som tillräckligt bra vid minsta möjliga tecken på att föräldrarna kunde enas i olika gemensamma beslut rörande barnet, vilket resulterade i gemensam vårdnad. Uppgifter om våld från pappan omformulerades eller omnämndes aldrig, vilket gjorde att våldet inom behovsdiskursen förminskades och fick en underordnad betydelse. Inom riskdiskursen bedömdes det svåra samarbetet mellan föräldrarna utgöra en risk för att barnet skulle fara illa, vilket gjorde att utfallet här blev ensam vårdnad. Inom riskdiskursen synliggjordes och problematiserades våldet i mycket högre grad.
The purpose of the study is to contribute with knowledge about how discourses compete for what is in the best interests of the child and how these govern the district court's decisions in custody disputes when there is information about the father's violence against the mother and any children. The empirical material was based on 14 judgments where there was information about the father's violence within the family. The district court's task was to judge whether custody should be joint or single for the parents' common children. The study is qualitative and Norman Fairclough's discourse analysis is used both as a theory and method together with social constructionism with emphasis on a gender perspective as an additional theory. The results of the study show two discourses from which the district court justifies its decisions, there both aim to argue or make credible what is in the best interests of the child. The “Discourse of needs” emphasizes the importance of a good and close relationship with both parents, while the “Discourse of risk” emphasizes the risk that the child may be harmed. The court's reasoning regarding the parents' cooperation is affected by which of the two discourses prevails. The way in which they address the violence and denominates it violence is also affected on the basis of the discourse on which the court is based. Violence tended to be deminished in both discourses, however, it became clear within the discourse of needs.
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29

Dorner-Zupancic, Lisa. "Art Therapy for a Child of Trauma in County Custody." Ursuline College / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=urs1210356616.

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30

McCrary, Betty R. "Court-ordered mediation: perceptions and outcomes." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39779.

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31

Field, Rachael M. "The use of litigation and mediation for the resolution of custody and access disputes : some issues for women." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36894/1/36894_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

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32

Carlsund, Åsa. "Children`s Mental Health -with focus on family arrangements." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-19759.

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The main aim of this thesis was to study children’s mental health with focus on family arrangements. The thesis was based on four studies (I-IV). Study number I, III and IV were quantitative studies with cross sectional design, using the Swedish version of Health behaviour in School- aged children (HBSC), including children aged 11, 13 and 15 years. The data was analysed with multiple linear regression analysis (I) and multivariate logistic regression analysis (III, IV). Study II was of qualitative descriptive design, based on 28 interviews with parents living in shared physical custody with their children. The qualitative study was analysed with inductive latent content analysis. Study I showed that lower levels of SHC and higher levels of SWB were associated with higher degrees of social capital in the family, school and neighbourhood. Social capital in family, school and neighbourhood had a cumulative influence on children’s SHC and SWB. In study II the participating parents described their own as well as the perceptions of their children and former partners. Parents’ perceptions changed from the beginning of shared physical custody, through the current situation, ending with perception of the future. The fifteen year old boys and girls (III) living in shared physical custody were more at risk of being a smoker or having been drunk compared with children living in two parent families. The results of sex <15 years and conduct problems showed that the risks didn’t differ significantly between these two groups. Study IV showed that children living in shared physical custody with their parents were more likely than children in two parent families to report multiple SHC, and low SWB. The variable of communication did not moderate the SHC and SWB of the children in any of these two groups. This thesis contribute with new and deeper understanding of the relatively new phenomenon: shared physical custody, and its associations to children’s mental health. The parent’s perceptions were an important complement to the children’s self reported health. In order to influence the decreasing mental health among children and adolescents, their opinions contributes to further understanding. Narratives from children, parents and practitioners are required in order to further study the association between children’s health outcomes and different family arrangements. Additional studies are needed to clarify how children’s mental health and different family arrangements are related to school, community economy, and society.
Avhandlingens huvudsyfte var att studera barns mentala hälsa med fokus på familjekonstellationer. Fyra olika studier ligger till grund för avhandlingen (I-IV). Studie I, II och IV var kvantitativa studier med tvärsnittsdesign. Datamaterialet utgjordes av den svenska versionen av Health Behaviour in School- aged Children (HBSC) (Svenska skolbarns hälsovanor). De deltagande barnen var i åldrarna 11, 13 och 15 år. Datamaterialet analyserades med hjälp av multipel linjär regressions analys (I) samt multivariat logistisk regressionsanalys (III, IV). Studie II var av kvalitativ karaktär och baserades på 28 intervjuer med föräldrar som bodde växelvis boende med sina barn. Den kvalitativa studien analyserades med hjälp av induktiv latent innehållsanalys. Studie I visade att lägre nivåer av SHC (subjektiva hälsobesvär) och högre nivåer av SWB (subjektivt välbefinnande) hade ett samband med högre nivåer av socialt kapital i familjen, skolan och närområdet. Socialt kapital i familjen, skolan och närområdet hade en kumulativ effekt på barnens självrapporterade SHC och SWB. I studie två beskrev de deltagande föräldrarna sina egna upplevelser, samt upplevelser relaterat till barnen samt och den före detta partnern. Föräldrarnas upplevelser förändrades från den första tiden av växelvis boende till nuvarande situation och avslutades med tankar om framtiden. De växelvis boende femtonåriga pojkarna och flickorna i studie III rapporterade ökad risk för att vara såväl rökare som att ha varit berusade jämfört med 15- åringarna i traditionella familjer. Resultaten avseende sex <15 år samt beteendeproblem visade inga signifikanta skillnader mellan dessa två grupper. Studie IV visade att barn som bodde i växelvis boende rapporterade fler subjektiva hälsobesvär och lägre välbefinnande jämfört med barn i traditionella familjer. Kommunikationsvariabeln hade ingen modererande effekt på någon av dessa båda grupper. Föreliggande avhandling bidrar med såväl ny som fördjupad kunskap för det relativt nya fenomenet, växelvis boende, och dess relation till barns mentala hälsa. Föräldrarnas upplevelse var ett viktigt bidrag till barnens självrapporterade hälsa. För att kunna påverka barn och ungas rapporter om allt sämre mental hälsa, är deras åsikter ett viktigt inslag för ökade kunskaper inom området. Vi behöver barns, föräldrars och yrkesverksammas åsikter för att vidare kunna studera relationen mellan barns hälsoutfall och olika familjekonstellationer. Vi behöver också veta mer om olika familjekonstellationers relation till skolan, närområdet samt det övriga samhället.
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33

Durrbaum, René. "In the best interests of the child? : a case study of the psychological discourses of the custody decision-making process in a South African context." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007484.

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This study focuses on the process of custody decision-making in a South African divorce context with the aim of critically examining the operation of the principle of the best interests of the child. A narrative approach is incorporated into Parker and Fairclough's discourse analytic approaches in the context of an instrumental case study. More specifically, the focus falls on moving beyond the understandings of custody embodied within the current psychological literature in order to examine the relationship between theory and practice and to view custody as a dynamic process at both a textual and analytical level. Concepts of dialoguing, context, audience and intertextuality together with a storied approach are central. Further, an attempt is made to provide a disruptive reading of the case through the use of notions of power, ideology and institutional practices embedded within the case and its broader contexts. The analysis demonstrates the need for decision-making to be viewed as a broader process situated across multiple professional, institutional and socio-political texts and contexts. Further, it is argued that in order for the process to uphold the principle of the child's best interests, specialised training must be supplemented with changes at the level of policy, aimed at moving toward a more inclusive, process-oriented approach to custody decision-making.
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34

Voight, Margaret M. "Is a view different from a wish? Considering the child's view in parenting disputes in Australian family law matters." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/104438/1/Margaret_Voight_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis explored the significance of and the intended purpose of the child custody law 2006 child 'voice' provision amendments to the Family Law Act of ascertaining a child's view instead of a child's wish. This thesis conducted both doctrinal and qualitative analysis to examine whether parliament intended that the amendment would translate to a change in statutory meaning which should in turn change the way Independent Children's Lawyers and Judges practiced. This thesis recommended legislative amendments to the Family Law Act to facilitate a clearer legislative pathway for a child's voice to be heard in parenting disputes.
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35

De, Jager Melissa. "The development of a parental alienation syndrome interview protocol." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008212.

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Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) is a childhood disorder that arises almost exclusively in child custody disputes. Its primary manifestation is the unjustified rejection of a once-loved parent by a child due to a combination of the 'programming' parent's alienating techniques and the child's own contributions to the vilification of the targeted parent. Parental Alienation (PA) is differentiated from PAS as in the case of the former the child's rejection is justified and may be explained either by normal developmental behaviours or by child abuse that involves no form of programming. The purpose of this study is to develop a preliminary interview protocol to aid in the detection of PAS, with a special emphasis on differentiating false allegations of abuse, which usually accompany severe PAS, from true abuse. The aim of the study is to develop a protocol to enhance diagnostic clarity and facilitate appropriate custody-related recommendations. The interview protocol is based on an extensive thematic literature analysis in conjunction with existing guidelines for conducting a child custody and visitation interview. The interview protocol comprises a child and parent section, which both have their own reference tables with supporting corresponding information. The protocol 's administration instructions are outlined in a covering information page. Rigour was added to the protocol by having it assessed for clarity and accessibility by four medico-legal professionals with custody-related experience, and their opinions regarding the protocol's structure, sections, questions and reference tables were taken into consideration in the revision of the protocol.
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36

Parkinson, Patrick Newport. "Family Law and the Indissolubility of Parenthood." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18618.

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37

Larsen, Lori B. "Factors which facilitate and hinder psycho-social adjustment for mothers who are living apart from their children." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26863.

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There is very little information in the literature on mothers without custody of their children. In an attempt to partially remedy this situation an exploratory study, based on in-depth interviews with mothers who voluntarily chose to live apart from their children, was conducted. The aim was to identify the factors facilitating and hindering adjustment for these women. Using a sample of 17 women who volunteered for the study, the critical incident technique was employed to gather data from the participants. The collected incidents were then grouped into categories and descriptive statements were formulated about each one. There were 212 critical incidents collected from the 17 participants. These incidents were grouped into 3 main categories and 15 sub-categories. The categories provide a concise and easily understood description of the facilitating and hindering factors affecting adjustment for non-custodial mothers. The reliability of the placement of items into the appropriate categories was tested by using four independent raters, using percentage of agreement as an index of reliability. Recommendations for supportive services and programs needed by, these women are offered. Therefore, the findings are useful for planning and implementing future programs for non-custodial mothers. As well, guidelines are presented for individual, family, and divorce mediation counsellors who find themselves working with this group of women.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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38

Shenton, Felicity Anne. "Even if it is legally defensible, does that make it morally right? : children explore the use of physical restraint in custody." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11320/.

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Custody for children is inherently unsafe, with evidence of harmful and unsafe care. Thirty three children have died in custody in England and Wales in the past decade. This study argues that the way children are treated once incarcerated reflects the way that children, childhood and child offenders are conceptualised, perceived and controlled. The routine use of physical restraint as a response to challenging behaviour has been called into question. It has been declared at the very least controversial, unsafe and in some cases unlawful. Taking a children’s human rights approach this piece of participatory research, explores the use of physical restraint across the secure estate in England, from the perspective of children themselves. Over one hundred children (11-18ys) took part, some as researchers themselves and others as participants. Spaces were created which encouraged the authentic and distinctive voice of children, which lies at the heart of the study. Their contemporaneous experience makes this research unique. Evidence is provided which demonstrates that, although distressing and often painful, in most cases children consider its use to be inevitable and justifiable. These daily acts of violence inflicted on children were not considered unusual given children’s experiences of everyday violence within their families, communities and other institutions. Children are unaware of their right not to be subjected to inhumane and degrading treatment. The research suggests that the existence of a rights framework within the secure estate is negligible.
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39

Büchele, Sandra. "The protection of transfrontier access rights : a comparative analysis of the relevant international legal frameworks." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82655.

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"Internal globalization" has become a common phenomenon which, among other things, has increased the number of mixed-national couples due to the greater mobility of people and the globalization of trade and commerce. Unanticipated difficulties can follow from the breakdown of such relationships for both children and parents if the custodial parent leaves the family's former habitual residence with the child. This is especially true for the left-behind parent.
The starting point for this study was the discussion among experts as to whether an Additional Protocol to the 1980 Child Abduction Convention might resolve the inherent weak protection of access rights. To answer this question concerning the necessity of such an Additional Protocol, this thesis provides an overview of the relevant existing and future international legal frameworks that address child protection and parental responsibilities and shows the evolution in child law from a formerly neglected issue to a high-profile topic. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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40

Emick, Michelle Adrianna. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Custodial Grandparenting: Stresses, Coping Skills, and Relationships with Grandchildren." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278999/.

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This cross-sectional study compared three groups of grandparents, two custodial and one noncustodial, to identify and delineate the unique challenges and expectations faced by custodial grandparents due to their nontraditional roles while attempting to disentangle grandparental role demands from child-specific problems as sources of distress. Those grandparents raising grandchildren demonstrating neurological, physical, emotional, or behavioral problems exhibited the most distress, the most disruption of roles, and the most deteriorated grandparent-grandchild relationships. Although the custodial grandparents raising apparently normal grandchildren demonstrated less distress, less disruption of roles, and less deterioration of the grandparent-grandchild relationship than those grandparents raising grandchildren displaying problems, they still demonstrated higher levels than did traditional grandparents. Those grandparents who reported fewer resources, demonstrated poor attitudes regarding seeking mental health services, and reported raising grandchildren displaying problems had the lowest levels of adjustment.
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41

Dias, Nadia. "Best Interests Of The Child Principle In The Context Of Parent Separation Or Divorce : As Conceptualised By The Community." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1463.

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Best interests of the child (BIC) is a construct that is central to legal decisions in several areas including parenting matters in the Family Courts, guardianship, child-protection, and adoption. Despite the centrality of the construct, BIC has not been operationalised (Thomson & Molloy, 2001) and there is little agreement about what is considered best for children within social service and legal communities (Banach, 1998). Given that one of the aims of law is to reflect public sentiment (Green, 1996), the current study explored the general public’s conceptualisation of BIC. More specifically, I sought to determine what community members think the term “best interests” means and what factors they believe need to be considered when determining BIC? A qualitative approach was used and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Participants (n= 19) defined BIC as parents effectively meeting the developmental needs of children to produce healthy young adults, both physiologically and psychologically. A complex hierarchical model was generated from participant responses that outlined the primary developmental needs of children and sets of conditions and parenting practices that elicit these. Despite the indeterminate nature and vagueness of the BIC standard, the findings from the current study suggest that current legislative practices do reflect public sentiment. Results of this research represented an important step towards a more comprehensive understanding of the BIC concept and endorse existing practices of forensic evaluators. Moreover, embedding gathered information in the context of child development and parenting literature appears essential to the utility of forensic psychological assessments. Finally, the model generated highlights the complexity of BIC and the need for practitioners to be aware of interactions that exist between child development and contexts of the home, community, culture and society.
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42

Karlsson, Wilma, and Jasmine Tornemark. "”Det som är svårt är ju att man tyvärr inte har en kristallkula att titta i” : En studie av vårdnadstvister och barnets rättigheter." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96948.

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The aim of this study was to understand which factors that lay the foundation for social workers’ custody investigations and the judges’ decisions in custody disputes. Additionally, it was to examine the social workers’ and the judges’ views on children’s’ rights in this process. The study was based on qualitative research where six semi-structured interviews were conducted. Four social workers and two judges working with custody- investigations, and disputes were interviewed. The analysis consists of two key concepts: the concept of discretion and child sociology. The result shows that judges and social workers experience difficulties with interpreting the best interest of the child, that there are different perceptions about when lone and joint custody should be considered and how to best design the rights of access. A common consensus among the interviewees with regards to the best interest of the child, is that each situation requires an individual interpretation while considering necessary safety aspects. Social workers’ statements tend to dominate how the best interests of a child is defined in a judge’s decision. Both professions find ways to accommodate the best interests of the child, even though it does not always turn out ideal. There is a strong believe that the child’s voice is governing the decision, even though our study shows that it is not always considered in the custody investigations nor in court.
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43

O'Shea, Ausra. "Barnperspektivet : i vårdnads-, boende- och umgängesfrågor/-tvister." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-5016.

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De största konsekvenserna av föräldrarnas beslut att gå skilda vägar bär tredje part i familjen – barnen. Samtidigt är det de som har rätt till en trygg uppväxt och utveckling som skall tillgodoses av föräldrarna. Hur kan barnperspektiv framhållas och inte hamna i skuggan av de vuxnas perspektiv? Finns det klara linjer för hur barnperspektiv ska framhållas? Av vem kan barnen förvänta sig stöd under den svåra tiden? Hur kan den laddade situationen mellan föräldrarna som utspelas i vårdnads, boende och umgängestvister minskas? Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda vilken ställning barn som grupp har efter lagändringarna i föräldrabalken (FB) 1 juli 2006 i frågor/tvister rörande dem själva gällande vårdnad, boende och umgänge. I samband med det syftar jag också att utreda vem som ger familjen inklusive barnen stöd under den jobbiga perioden och vad som är de yrkesprofessionellas åsikter. Rätten till båda sina föräldrar, genom gemensam vårdnad eller växelvis boende, var och är en del av offentliga retoriken om barns uppväxt. Forskningsresultaten tvingar oss att inse att barn inte mår bra av att vara underställda föräldrarnas rättigheter framför deras skyldigheter och domstolsbeslut, på grund av att barn och föräldrarnas oenighet inte synliggörs och barn har ingen yttranderätt i civilrättsliga mål om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Jag har valt en kvalitativ design och ett icke- sannolikhets, målinriktad urval, halvstrukturerade intervju med yrkesprofessionella för att undersöka uppsatsens frågor.  Jag har använt rationell val teorin, kognitiva teorin, Meads rollövertagande teori och social konstruktivism teorin för resultatanalys. Man kan konstatera att barn som grupp fick mer inflytande efter lagändringar i FB 1 juli 2006 i frågor/tvister rörande dem själva om vårdnad, boende och umgänge, men detta inflytande är inte tillräckligt för att barnperspektivet inte riskerar att underställas de vuxnas perspektiv. För att förebygga detta behövs först och främst en tydlig definition av barns bästa och riktlinjer för att tolka denna. Tolkning är ett viktigt moment och omfattar barns rättsäkerhet. Tolkningen ska sammanfalla med barns bästa i slutändan men så är det inte alltid idag. Stödet från samhället för kärnfamiljer inklusive barn räcker inte till som både min studie och tidigare forskning har visat.


The biggest consequence of the parents’ decision to go separate ways bears the third part of the family- the children. Still it is they who have the right to a safe upbringing and development that should be satisfied by their parents. How can children's perspectives be stressed and not end up in the shadow of the parents perspective? Are there clear lines of how the child's perspective should be emphasized?  By whom can the children expect support during the difficult time? How can the ill-tempered situation between the parents concerning custody, housing and socializing disputes be reduced? The purpose of the paper is to investigate the status of children as a group, after legislative changes in the “Föräldrabalken” (FB) July 1, 2006 on matters /disputes relating to concerning custody, housing and socializing. In that context I also aims to investigate who gives the family (including children) support during the hard period and what are the opinion of the professionals. The right of both parents, joint custody and alternately living was and is a part of the public rhetoric about children's upbringing. The results of the research forces us to recognize that children do not feel well to be subject to the rights of parents over their obligations and court decisions, because the children and parents' disagreement is not visible and there are no rights for children to speak in civil cases concerning the custody, housing, socializing. I chose a qualitative design and a non-probability, purposeful sampling, semi-structured interview with professionals to examine the paper’s issues. I have used rational choice theory, cognitive theory, Meads taking over the role theory and social constructionist theory for performance analysis. It can be noted that children as a group had more influences after the legislative changes in “FB” July 1, 2006 in matters /disputes relating them about custody, housing and socializing, but this influence is not sufficient so the child's perspective will not likely to be overran by the adults perspective. To prevent this we first and foremost need a clear definition of the child's best and guidelines who to interpret it. Interpretation is an important moment, and includes children's legal rights. Interpretation should coincide with the children's best in the end, but it is not always the case today. The support today from society to families (including children) is not enough and that is shown both in my study and in previous research.

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44

Elgholm, Camilla. "Hur resonerar och dömer domstolar i vårdnadsmål när det förekommer uppgifter om våld?" Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-7835.

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Syftet med studien är att visa hur domstolar resonerar kring våld samt beslutar i domar gällande vårdnad, boende och umgänge när det förekommer uppgifter om våld. När föräldrar inte kan enas i vårdnadsrelaterade frågor kan de vända sig till domstolen och statistik visar att antalet tvistemål har fördubblats det senaste decenniet. Under de senaste årtiondena har större reformer genomförts i Föräldrabalkens (1949:381) 6 kapitel, vilket är det kapitel domstolen ska utgå ifrån när den dömer i ett vårdnadsmål. Många av förändringarna har syftat till att öka möjligheten till gemensam vårdnad, växelvist boende och umgängesrätt. Det går inte att objektivt fastställa vad som är barnets bästa och därför blir domstolens bedömning avgörande i varje enskilt fall. Domstolen ska särskilt titta på; barnets behov av en nära och god kontakt med båda föräldrar, risken för att barnet far illa, barnets egen vilja och kontinuitetsprincipen. När domstolen ska besluta i vårdnadsmål innehållande uppgifter om våld måste dessa alltid prövas och en riskbedömning göras. Om domstolen finner en risk för att barnet kommer att fara illa så bör detta väga tungt i helhetsbedömningen. Om en förälder tidigare utsatt eller utsätter barnet eller annan familjemedlem för våld och andra kränkningar är det som princip bäst att den föräldern inte får ha vårdnad om barnet. Våld mot barn kan vara allt ifrån nypningar och förolämpningar till grova sexuella övergrepp och tortyr. Många barn upplever våld mot andra familjemedlemmar. Uppsatsens huvudsakliga empiri består av 27 hovrättsdomar i vårdnadsrelaterade mål avkunnade mellan november 2018 och mars 2019, vilka alla innehåller uppgifter om våld. Under studien har jag använt mig av flera metoder. En rättsvetenskaplig metod har använts i arbetet med att redovisa gällande rätt kring vårdnad om barn samt våld mot barn. Med hjälp av en kvantitativ innehållsanalys granskade jag de uppgifter om våld som förekommer i domarna samt våldets omfattning. Med denna metod granskades även det domstolen fastställt genom dom. För att kunna gå in mer på djupet och granska hur domstolen resonerar kring uppgifterna om våld kompletterades den kvantitativa studien med en diskursanalys. Resultatet visar att domstolen ofta förminskar det uppgivna våldet, när domstolen beskriver våldet används ord som ”samarbetssvårigheter” och ”högljudda konflikter” och en våldsutsatt förälders, mammans i denna studie, samt barnets utsaga ifrågasätts ofta. I 19 av 27 domar (70 procent) tilldelas våldsutövaren, pappan i denna studie, vårdnad och/eller umgänge och detta visar på att domstolen i hög grad anser att en våldsutövande förälder är en lämplig umgängesförälder. Domstolen har en betydande roll i avgörandet om vad som är ”verkligt” samt besitter stor makt att besluta över barnets framtida uppväxt. Domstolen betonar vikten av en god och nära relation till båda föräldrar men den ”goda” relationen kan enligt min mening inte uppnås när barnet utsätts för direkt eller indirekt våld.
The purpose of the study is to show how courts reasons about violence and determines in judgments concerning custody, housing and child contact when there is information about violence. When parents are incapable of deciding on custody-related issues, they are to turn to the court. Whereby, statistics show that civil cases in custody-related issues have doubled in the past decade. In the past few decades however, major reforms have been implemented in chapter 6 of the Children and Parents Code (1949:381) in which the court will derive its rulings on, when deciding the fate of any custody-related case. Many of the changes have been aimed at increasing the possibility of joint custody, alternating housing and contact with the parent with whom the child does not live. It is not possible to objectively decide on what is in the best interest of a child thus, a court’s verdict will be decisive in any such civil case. The court must take certain aspects into account, such as; the child’s needs of close relation to both parents, the risk of the child getting abused, the child’s own will and the continuity principle. When the court draws a ruling in custody cases containing information about violence, this infomation must always be thoroughly examined, and a risk assessment has to be made. If the court finds a risk of future harm of the child, this should weigh-in heavily in the overall assesment. If a parent uses violence or has previously subjected the child or other family member to violence and other violations, it is basically best that that parent may not have custody of the child. Violence towards children can be anything from pinching and insults to gross sexual abuse and torture. Many children experiencing domestic violence. The thesis´s main empirical object consists of 27 rulings in custody-related cases annonuced between November 2018 and March 2019, all of which contain information about violence. In writing the thesis, several methods have been used. A method of jurisprudence have been used to navigate the work of reporting on what the current law says about child custody and violence against children. With the help of a quantitative content analysis method, I examined the information about violence that appears in the judgments and the extent of that violence. This method also examined what the court determined by judgment. To be able to examine courts rulings more in depth and examine how courts reasons with the given information about violence the quantitative study was supplemented with a discourse analysis. The findings show that courts often diminish alleged violence. The court describes violence with words, such as “unpleasantness” and “loud conflicts” and the statement of a parent who´is subjected to violence, the mother in this study, and a child’s statement are often questioned. In 19 out of the 27 rulings (70 %), the violent parent, the father in this study, is assigned custody and/or contact with the child which shows that the court to a larger extent considers a violent parent as a suitable parent. The court has a crucial role in deciding what is real and possesses great power to decide on the child's future upbringing. The court emphasizes on the importance of a good and close relationship with both parents, in my opinion however, the ”good” relationship cannot be achieved when the child is subjected to direct or indirect violence.
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45

Dods, Virginia, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Fracturing the facade : Exploring the impact of childhood sexual abuse." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2003. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050722.150048.

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Examination of previous empirical literature illustrates how researchers have concentrated on documenting the impact of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on the later psychological functioning of survivors, through comparisons with those who have not had such a history. Only more recently has there been a focus on assessing the relationship between aspects of the abuse and specific psychological difficulties. This thesis investigated the relationships between CSA characteristics and women’s later psychological adjustment. The role of attributions, coping methods, parenting competency and marital satisfaction were also investigated. Qualitative data on perception of benefit and general reflections of participants were used to explore participants’ self-esteem, locus of control, decisions relating to parenting, disclosure experiences, and attributions in relation to their abuse, including the search for meaning. Recruitment through newspapers and counselling services led to 118 women volunteering to complete a questionnaire evaluating the characteristics of their CSA and their current psychological adjustment. Of this group, 33 subsequently volunteered to participate in a telephone interview that explored in greater depth issues related to the long-term impact of their CSA. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted on the data. The women reported a high prevalence of dysfunction in their families of origin. Abuse had generally commenced by middle childhood, and lasted for a number of years and often involved a number of perpetrators. Perpetrators were most likely to be intrafamilial, with stepfathers being over-represented. Sexual activities generally involved physical contact, with participation often induced by the use of coercion. Participants demonstrated significant difficulties in psychological adjustment, but attributions regarding the abuse improved over time. Some concerns were expressed regarding parenting competency, and avoidant coping methods were favoured. In general, participants were satisfied with their current marital relationship. Significant associations were found between coping methods, attributional style, beliefs and various psychological adjustment measures. Participants, in general, demonstrated low self-esteem and displayed an external locus of control. As a consequence of their experience of CSA, many participants reported they had decided not to have children. For those who did have children, CSA was almost universally seen as having had an impact on their parenting. Disclosure of CSA was usually delayed for a number of years, with poor outcomes generally resulting from disclosure when it occurred. Women with current partners rated them as very caring and not controlling. Participants were generally still searching for meaning in their abuse, despite many having accepted it. Survivors outlined an extensive range of long-term effects of CSA, and nominated a number of strategies that would assist in reducing these effects. The results of the study indicated that there are a number of characteristics associated with CSA which signal a higher risk of difficulties in psychological adjustment. Concerns of survivors regarding parenting were confirmed according to those who undertook this role. Unfortunately, concerns expressed by survivors that disclosure of their CSA would have had negative consequences was usually the case when they did finally disclose. However, the accessing of social and family support appeared to have an important role in changing the attributions of survivors regarding their CSA. Furthermore, change of attributions in relation to abuse may provide the key to resilience in survivors against the negative impact of CSA on later psychological adjustment.
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46

Van, Zyl Lesbury. "Alternative dispute resolution in the best interests of the child." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003212.

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The development of private divorce mediation appears to offer a friendly and informal alternative to the "hostile" adversarial divorce. A close analysis of its claims, however, shows them to be largely unproven. Urgent attention should therefore be given to the philosophical base of the movement. There is also a need for empirical research and for standardised training. Further unanswered questions relate to the part to be played by different professions, and to professional ethics. It is submitted that the appointment of Family Advocates is a step in the right direction but that the establishment of a full Family Court will best protect children's interests.
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47

Ekbrand, Hans. "Separationer och mäns våld mot kvinnor /." Göteborg : Department of Sociology, Göteborg University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/546.

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48

Cowgill, Burton Oren. "Guardianship planning and custody status for children of HIV-infected parents in the United States quantitative and qualitative analyses from the HIV cost and services utilization study /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1495962141&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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49

Basson, Lindinette. "Perspectives on the best interests of the child : developments in the interpretation and application of the principle in the South African law relating to custody." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18091.

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Thesis (LLM )-- Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa entrenches the best interests of the child as being of paramount importance in all matters concerning the child. This commitment to the promotion of the welfare of children is not unique to modern South African law, but is an acknowledged principle of the common law and international child law as well. With such well-established recognition the question, which forms the primary focus of this study, arises whether the principle of the best interests of the child is workable and applicable in real life scenarios where the custody of a child has to be decided. The challenge to the application of the principle in this context is to reach a decision that will protect the parent-child relationship regardless of the marital breakdown. The question is whether the principle allows for and creates an honest awareness of and commitment to the welfare of children that influence decisions in this context or whether courts and decision-makers merely pay lip service to it in order to conceal the haphazard way in which custody is awarded. In order to determine the workability and applicability of the principle, it is necessary to know how the principle has evolved in the South African legal context. Through the examination and analysis of existing literature, international conventions, legislation and case law, a number of different perspectives on the developments in the interpretation and application of the principle are provided. These perspectives culminate in the useful and constructive insight and conclusion that the value of the concept is dependant upon the correct approach to the principle and its characteristics. The defining characteristic of the principle of the best interests of the child is its inherent vagueness and indeterminacy. Though this subjects the principle to serious criticism, this study supports the argument that indeterminacy is in fact essential. It ensures not only the flexibility of the concept, rendering it applicable to the time, cultural sphere and social context and unique circumstances of each case it is applied to, but a holistic approach to the child as individual and family as a unit as well. This holistic approach forms the foundation of the lists of criteria in McCall v McCall 1994 (3) SA 201 (C) and the Children's Bill, thereby establishing the workability and value of the principle for fair and just results in all decisions pertaining to the custody of children.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:Die Grondwet van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika verskans die beste belange van die kind as van deurslaggewende belang in elke aangeleentheid rakende die kind. Die verbintenis tot die bevordering van die belange van kinders is nie 'n verskynsel uniek aan die moderne Suid-Afrikaanse reg nie, maar is 'n erkende beginsel in beide die gemenereg en die internasionale kinderreg. Met hierdie wyd-verspreide en algemene erkenning ontstaan die vraag, wat dan ook die primêre fokus van hierdie studie vorm, of die beginsel van die beste belang van die kind werkbaar en toepaslik is in ware lewensdramas waar 'n beslissing oor die bewaring van 'n kind gemaak moet word. Die uitdaging vir die toepassing van die beginsels in hierdie konteks is om 'n besluit te neem wat die voortbestaan van die ouer-kindverhouding ten spyte van die verbrokkeling van die huwelik sal verseker. Die vraag is of die beginsel werklik 'n eerlike bewussyn van en verbintenis tot die welstand van kinders skep wat die besluitnemingsproses in hierdie konteks beïnvloed en lei en of howe en besluitnemers bloot die regte lippetaal gebruik om die lukrake manier waarop besluite geneem word te verbloem. Om die werkbaarheid en toepasbaarheid van die beginsel te bepaal is dit nodig om die proses van evolusie van die beginsel in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg onder oënskou te neem. Deur die ondersoek en analise van bestaande literatuur, internationale konvensies, wetgewing en hofuitsprake word 'n aantal perspektiewe op ontwikkelinge in die interpretasie en toepassing van die beginsel voorgelê. Hierdie perspektiewe lei tot die betekenisvolle en opbouende gevolgtrekking en insig dat die waarde van die konsep afhang van 'n korrekte benadering tot die beginsel en sy kenmerke. Die hoofkenmerk van die beste belange van die kind beginsel is die inherente vaagheid en ondefinieerbaarheid daarvan. Hoewel dit die beginsel aan ernstige kritiek onderwerp, ondersteun hierdie studie die argument dat die onbepaaldheid in der waarheid noodsaaklik is. Dit verseker nie alleen buigsaamhied, wat toepassing op alle tye in alle kulturele en sosiale omgewings en besondere omstandighede van 'n spesifieke geval moontlik maak nie, maar ook dat 'n holistiese benadering tot die kind as individue en die gesin as eenheid gevolg word. Hierdie holistiese benadering vorm die grondslag van die lyste van faktore in McCall v McCall 1994 (3) SA 201 (C) en die Wetsontwerp op Kinders 2003 waarmee die werkbaarheid en waarde van die beginsel vir billike en regverdige resultate in alle aangeleenthede rakende die bewaring van kinders verseker kan word.
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50

Lundberg, Linn, and Kangas Sanna Persson. ""Du får jättegärna uttrycka dig och alla lyssnar, men det kanske inte blir du som får bestämma" : En kvalitativ studie om barnets bästa och barnets delaktighet vid vårdnadstvister i högkonfliktfamiljer utifrån några familjerättssekreterares perspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22496.

Full text
Abstract:
Titel: “You can tell us and we will listen, but it is not certain that it is you who makes the final decision” A study about the best interest of the child and the child´s participation in high-conflict families in custody investigations from a family law socialworkers point of view.   This study examined how four social workers at municipal social service section responsible for family law issues interpret the concepts of children's best interests, the child's participation and high conflict families concerning issues of child custody investigations, from a qualitative perspective. The study was performed using semi-structured interviews based on fictitious case studies on these themes. The main results regarding the child's best interest was the perceived lack of accepted knowledge base to assess the current interests of the child and the presence and severity of various risks children may face in the company of their parents. The main results regarding the child's involvement was, according to the interviewed social workers at the municipal social service section responsible for family law issues, that they generally follow the National Social Board of legislative interpretations and recommendations but that the protection aspect outweight the expense of the degree of participation of the child. The conclusion was in accordance with the indication from children's rights organizations the children will often be heard but do not always get their views listened to. The concept high- conflict families was not an established concept, even if the problem was well known.
Denna studie undersökte hur fyra familjerättssekreterare tolkar begreppen barns bästa, barnets delaktighet och högkonfliktfamiljer gällande umgängesfrågor i vårdnadsutredningar utifrån ett kvalitativt perspektiv. Studien gjordes med hjälp semistrukturerade intervjuer som byggde på fiktiva fallstudier kring dessa teman. Ett huvudresultat utifrån intervjuerna gällande barnets bästa var att det saknas vedertagen kunskapsbas att utgå ifrån för att bedöma förekomsten och allvaret i de olika risker barnet kan utsättas för i umgänget med sina föräldrar. Ett tydligt resultat gällande barnets delaktighet var utifrån de intervjuade familjerättssekreterare att familjerätten generellt följer Socialstyrelsens lagtolkningar och rekommendationer men att skyddsaspekten ofta väger över på bekostnad av graden av delaktighet för barnet. Slutsatsen blev att precis som barnrättsorganisationer uppgett, får barnen ofta komma till tals men blir inte alltid lyssnade på och deras synpunkter underordnas ofta ett vuxet barnperspektiv. Begreppet högkonfliktfamilj var inte ett använt begrepp bland familjerättssekreterare, även om problematiken var välkänd.
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