Academic literature on the topic 'Curtin Labor government'
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Journal articles on the topic "Curtin Labor government"
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Quirk, Victor. "The light on the hill and the ‘right to work’." Economic and Labour Relations Review 29, no. 4 (December 2018): 459–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304618817413.
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In 1945 the Curtin Labor Government declared it had the capacity and responsibility to permanently eliminate the blight of unemployment from the lives of Australians in its White Paper ‘Full Employment in Australia’. This was the culmination of a century of struggle to establish the ‘right to work’, once a key objective of the 19th century labour movement. Deeply resented and long resisted by employer groups, the policy was abandoned in the mid-1970s, without an electoral mandate. Although the Australian Labor Party and union movement urged public vigilance to preserve full employment during 23 years of Liberal rule, after 1978 they quietly dropped the policy as the Australian Labor Party turned increasingly to corporate donors for the money they needed to stay electorally competitive. While few leading lights of today’s Labor movement care to discuss it, it is right that Australians celebrate this bold statement of our right to work, and the 30 years of full employment it heralded. JEL Codes: P16, P35, N37
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Edward Curtis Jr., James. "Essays in Applied Labor Economics, Including Analysis of Economic History and Laws & Economics." International Research in Economics and Finance 2, no. 2 (December 8, 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/iref.v2i2.460.
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In this paper, James Edward Curtis, Jr. (2018) compiles essays on applied labor economics, economic history,and laws & economics to address economic issues. James Edward Curtis, Jr. (2018) considers economic theory,summary empirical analyses, and government & social constru
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Curtis Jr, James E. "Economic History and Philosophy, Summaries of the Autumn 2018-Spring 2019 WAEHS." Journal of Research in Philosophy and History 3, no. 1 (February 5, 2020): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v3n1p1.
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Curtis Jr (2018) provides exhibits from January 4-7, 2018 American Economic Association, in coordination with the Allied Social Sciences Association Conference, in Philadelphia, PA, witb four tables describing i. a dictionary of higher education research products, ii. applied research conference and journal publication systems, and iii. empirical labor market studies. Curtis Jr (2019) provides summaries from the 2018-2019 Washington Area Economic History Seminar, WAEHS, hosted by American University, Washington DC USA, and George Mason University, Arlington VA USA, with three exhibits for each of the four seminars, i. the flyer from American University Department of Economics, ii. the paper abstracts from author’s and presenters, with the theme of Economic History, from presenters invited from colleges and universities throughout the USA, and iii. the seminar summaries of Curtis Jr (2019), using a research archivist sequence of information. Contributions of Curtis Jr (2019) include I. a brief history of four philosophers, II. the economic demography of US political parties, III. an asymmetry hypothesis in labor market interventions, where high skilled labor are sub-grouped disenfranchised, and IV. a restatement of the political economy modes of production. The attendees of the history seminar included, i. college/university faculty, ii. federal government economic researchers, and iii. private sector economic history researchers. Curtis Jr (2019) divided the presentation of this paper into 5 sections, (1) an introduction to the history of the theory of knowledge, i.e., Philosophy, of collegiate topics, i.e., economic history, (2) comparisons to the Economic History Association and WAEHS exhibits, (3) Research Observations by Curtis Jr (2019), (4) Results and Conclusion, and (5) Research References.
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Robinson, Marc. "Workers Compensation in Victoria: From WorkCare to WorkCover." Journal of Industrial Relations 36, no. 2 (June 1994): 213–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569403600202.
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When the Victorian Labor government created the WorkCare system in 1985, it believed that the government takeover of the workers compensation system from private insurers would permit the creation of a system that could provide more generous and compassionate benefits for injured workers. while first containing and then reducing costs to employers. The WorkCare system never succeeded in reconciling these goals. Instead, it became enmeshed in financial difficulties and failed to acquire either stability or political legitimacy throughout its seven years of existence. This failure made it possible for the incoming Coalition government to bring down the curtain on the WorkCare system at the end of 1992, and to replace it with a scheme based on harsh and ungenerous treatment of injured workers. Coalition policy is that this new 'WorkCover' scheme will be privatized once its financial position is stabilized. However. there is considerable uncertainty about whether privatization ultimately will occur.
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JOHNSON, CAROL. "Social Harmony and Australian Labor: The Role of Private Industry in the Curtin and Chifley Governments' Plans for Australian Economic Development*." Australian Journal of Politics & History 32, no. 1 (April 7, 2008): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.1986.tb00339.x.
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Rosskam, Ellen. "Work Security in a Global Economy." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 13, no. 1 (May 2003): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/lx6b-tb7y-517a-49e5.
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Work security is a fundamental right of all working people. After World War II, the welfare state became an intrinsic part of the “Golden Age” of capitalism, in which universal prosperity seemed attainable. Workers' organizations frequently played a crucial role in policy decisions that promoted full employment, income stability, and equitable treatment of workers. Today's world order is quite different. Globalization in its present form is a major obstacle to work security. Globalization is not simply a market-driven phenomenon. It is a political and ideological movement that grants authority to capital over governments and labor. This transfer of authority hinders national efforts to promote work security and may impact the well-being of communities worldwide. In the absence of domestic autonomy, international labor standards are needed to protect social welfare. They should be geared toward curbing unemployment, poverty, and social exclusion in the global economy. The article looks at three initiatives to promote global work security.
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VAN DALEN, HENDRIK P., and KÈNE HENKENS. "Early-retirement reform: can it and will it work?" Ageing and Society 22, no. 2 (March 2002): 209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x02008656.
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Early retirement from the labour force has become standard practice for most employees in the industrialised world. However, as a result of the rising costs of early-retirement schemes, curbing the outflow of older workers from the labour force has become a central government policy objective. Early-retirement reforms under which benefits are financed on a more actuarially neutral basis are currently being implemented in The Netherlands. At present it is not clear how older workers will react to these policy reforms. In this article we examine the extent to which (Dutch) older workers are inclined to change their retirement intentions in response to new early-retirement arrangements. On the basis of a labour market and a population survey we examine retirement intentions under alternative early-retirement policies. The overall conclusion is that the retirement reform may lead to a substantial delay of the retirement date, but that in practice factors other than financial incentives are powerfully at work. This is also reflected in the long-run early-retirement trend. This trend presents demographers and economists with a puzzle, because while a break can be identified in the time series, it set in before the early-retirement reforms were put into practice.
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Abada, Felicia C., Benedict I. Uzoechina, Charles O. Manasseh, Ifeoma C. Nwakoby, Paul C. Obidike, Adedoyin I. Lawal, Bukola B. Lawal-Adedoyin, and Felix C. Alio. "Curbing Unemployment Through Job Creation as Panacea to Inclusive Growth in Nigeria." International Journal of Financial Research 12, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n2p376.
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The thrust of this study is to curb unemployment rate through job creation using some key sectors of the economy specifically the manufacturing, agricultural and industrial sectors as the basis for attaining an inclusive growth in Nigeria particularly with the increasing rate of youth unemployment booming the Country. This is demonstrated by the agricultural, manufacturing and industrial policies, programmes and strategies initiated, designed and executed to retard the alarming unemployment rate. The short-run and long-run dynamics streaming from inclusive growth proxied by real gross domestic product per capita, agricultural sector proxied by real agricultural output, manufacturing sector proxied by real manufacturing output, industrial sector proxied by real industrial output and openness measured by export as percentage of real gross domestic product to unemployment rate were evaluated using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test approach for the period 1970 to 2014. The Estimated results from the study reveals that, improvement in the agricultural, manufacturing and industrial sectors will significantly aid in reducing the problems of unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. Even though the manufacturing sector shows no contribution to reducing unemployment, this could be as a result of the use of some equipment which has taken the place of labour thereby making it redundant. Though, if the teeming unemployed populace is adequately trained in the right direction, the manufacturing sector can still absorbed them. To this effect, the study recommended Government to give utmost priority to the key indicators that are needful at a given period of time in order to ascertain the right combination of the sectors in which these scarce resources should be directed to with the intention of enhancing inclusive growth.
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IORIS, RAFAEL R. "‘Fifty Years in Five’ and What's in It for Us? Development Promotion, Populism, Industrial Workers and Carestia in 1950s Brazil." Journal of Latin American Studies 44, no. 2 (May 2012): 261–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x1200003x.
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AbstractIn the mid-twentieth century, the Brazilian federal government embarked upon an ambitious plan of fast-paced industrialisation aimed at responding to the growing needs of the country's ever more urbanised population. While the plan achieved rapid economic growth, rising levels of discontent defined much of the political behaviour of urban labour in the period. By critically examining some of the main events affecting industrial unions during the so-called ‘developmental decade’ of the 1950s, this article argues that amidst pervasive top-down economic transformations Brazilian workers consistently advanced an alternative position on national development. By investigating how metalworkers in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro understood and responded to the main developmental trends and difficulties of the period, the paper reveals some of the creative strategies articulated by urban workers to promote a more socially inclusive path for the country. By becoming actively involved in ever more assertive cross-professional mobilisations, particularly those aimed at curbing the rising cost of living (a problem known as carestia), industrial workers not only protected their own economic interests but also significantly challenged the very bases of the populist political arrangements that defined post-war Brazilian society.
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SHEAR, KEITH. "AT WAR WITH THE PASS LAWS? REFORM AND THE POLICING OF WHITE SUPREMACY IN 1940s SOUTH AFRICA." Historical Journal 56, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x12000581.
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ABSTRACTThis article analyses a key reformist gesture by General Smuts's Second World War South African government – the May 1942 order suspending enforcement of the pass laws in major cities. Hated by Africans for curbing their mobility, employment opportunities, and urban residence rights, the pass laws were a fundamental instrument of white supremacy. What then did the suspension order signify? Reconstructing debates and divisions within and beyond the state, the article traces the steps leading to the suspension order, and discusses the responses to its implementation resulting in its later withdrawal. The account considers common explanations for the suspension order's genesis: industry's demand for labour, the wartime state's reduced policing capability, and official anxieties about Africans’ loyalty at a time of vulnerability to invasion. Of these, only the last has clear merit. The real puzzle is the relaxation's continuance beyond the emergency situation of 1942. For this, the credit belongs to the momentum of liberal organization and opinion in encouraging advocates of reform within the state to hold their nerve. Only gradually could the opposition Nationalists, the party of apartheid, mobilize whites’ hostility to black urbanization, thereby enhancing the influence of restorationist elements within the state calling for renewed coercion.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Curtin Labor government"
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Johnson, Carol. "Social harmony and Australian labor : the ideology of the Curtin, Chifley and Whitlam Labor governments /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj659.pdf.
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Johnson, Carol Ann. "Social harmony and Australian labor : the ideology of the Curtin, Chifley and Whitlam Labor governments / Carol Johnson." 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/20371.
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Bibliography: leaves 350-388viii, 388 leaves ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Politics, 1986
Books on the topic "Curtin Labor government"
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Geoffrey, Serle. For Australia and Labor: Prime Minister John Curtin. [Perth, W.A.]: John Curtin Prime Ministerial Library, 1998.
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Rosenfeld, Jake, and Jennifer Laird. Unions and Poverty. Edited by David Brady and Linda M. Burton. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199914050.013.36.
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This article examines the ways that labor unions seek to curtail poverty by systematizing the available evidence both by geography and according to whether the research focuses on indirect or direct linkages between organized labor and poverty. Lobbying the government to maintain funding for an antipoverty program such as food stamps represents an indirect effect of unions on poverty. Fighting to expand health insurance coverage for the elderly and raising the minimum wage are other indirect pathways that unions have undertaken on behalf of the poor. This article first considers the influences of unions on poverty in the United States, advanced industrialized democracies, and developing countries before discussing the specific mechanisms that link unionization rates with levels of economic disadvantage.
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Winchell, Meghan K. Women and World War in Comparative Perspective. Edited by Ellen Hartigan-O'Connor and Lisa G. Materson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190222628.013.28.
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This chapter compares women’s experiences in World War I and World War II, emphasizing the ways that wartime mobilization shaped the citizenship claims, cultural representations, labor experiences, military contributions, and sexual expression of diverse groups of women. It focuses on how women applied their gendered, racialized, and classed bodies to wartime experiences that often put them at odds with propaganda images of femininity. The wartime context inspired the actions of women like gold star mothers who represented sacrifice, activists who fought for women suffrage, and African Americans who protested segregation. Some women embodied Rosie the Riveter by working in war industries, many cultivated victory gardens, and others served in the Women’s Army Corps. Young women found themselves caught in government projects to curtail venereal disease while seeking sexual autonomy.
Book chapters on the topic "Curtin Labor government"
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Zeidel, Robert F. "Restricting the Hordes." In Robber Barons and Wretched Refuse, 204–16. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501748318.003.0010.
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This chapter studies how government officials first looked to deportation as a solution to the post-war “immigration problem.” During and after the Red Scare, 1919–1924, government officials enacted new and more stringent immigration restrictions. Their implementation would curtail employers' virtually unfettered access to immigrant labor, a benefit businesses had enjoyed since the onset of industrialization. Companies continued to want immigrant workers, but decades of associating foreigners with labor unrest had reached an apex. Fear of subversive aliens combined with nativism and progressivism to convince many Americans of the need for more extensive exclusion. Only through proactive diligence, contended the restrictionist ranks, could the immigrant danger be ameliorated. The pertinent question was not if the maleficence truly existed but rather how best to eliminate it. Dismissing employers' arguments to the contrary, lawmakers ultimately enacted sweeping new quota-based restrictions, significantly reducing European immigration. Their passage effectively ended an epic chapter of American business and labor history.
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Hertel-Fernandez, Alexander. "Dissecting the Conservative Triumph in Wisconsin." In Upending American Politics, 29–52. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190083526.003.0002.
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After Republicans gained full control of Wisconsin government in 2011, they quickly enacted far-reaching retrenchments of the public sector, tax cuts and regulatory rollbacks, and—above all—bills curbing union rights. Republicans had barely mentioned the anti-labor measures on the campaign trail, and these steps were not popular. This chapter explains why such transformative policy changes happened anyway, through the efforts of interlocking conservative organizational networks previously installed in Wisconsin. The chapter sheds light on the roots and impact of similar right-wing organizational and activist networks at the heart of ongoing transformations across all fifty US states.
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Chen, Janet Y. "Epilogue." In Guilty of Indigence. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691152103.003.0007.
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This concluding chapter tells the story of the encounter between agrarian revolutionaries and the urban poor and shows how the methods the Communists adopted drew on institutions and ideas that had developed and changed over a half century. Although the perspective of government authority dominates the source base after 1949, some recently declassified archival materials make it possible to look behind the curtain of propaganda. The chapter reveals how, fused to socialist ideology, the marriage of detention and compulsory labor became a potent combination aimed at harnessing the productivity of “social parasites” for the benefit of New China. And as old Nationalist winter shelters became new Communist detention centers, the urban poor found that in the People's Republic, as before, there would be no place for those who were guilty of indigence.
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Vesan, Patrik, and Emmanuele Pavolini. "The Italian labour market policy reforms and the economic crisis: coming towards the end of Italian exceptionalism?" In Labour Market Policies in the Era of Pervasive Austerity. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447335863.003.0004.
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The Italian labour market has been put under very strong pressure since the onset of the financial and economic crisis. After the 2011 sovereign debt crisis a new wave of reforms started in relation to labour market policies. Although it is not possible to detect a single trajectory of change in Italian labour market policies, we can observe an overall tendency toward a peculiar version of ‘welfare readjustment’, a pattern of reform in which governments curtail such policies as income or job protection for insiders, while adopting new social policies. This ‘readjustment process’ has been realised through the adoption of some provisions that favour ‘outsiders’ and, at the same time, the drastic retrenchment of labour rights for workers on open-ended contracts. As a result, the boundaries between ‘insiders’ and ‘outsiders’ now appear more blurred than they were before the outbreak of the Great Recession.
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Elsey, Brenda. "“Because We Have Nothing”." In Soccer Diplomacy, 94–115. University Press of Kentucky, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813179513.003.0006.
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The case of the 1962 World Cup sheds light on the relationship between the global Cold War and local popular culture in Latin America. Matches between teams from different sides of the Iron Curtain provoked commentaries on life in the Soviet Union and the possible advantages of state-controlled economies. It spoke volumes about the political scenario in Chile rather than in the United States or the Soviet Union. At the same time, football directors navigated Cold War divisions within FIFA to procure their support for Chile’s bid to host the Cup. When hoping to sway the Eastern bloc countries, directors emphasized the vibrant Chilean labor movement and respect for Socialist and Communist parties. This strategy paid off, garnering the vote of both the Soviet Union and the United States. The reluctance of the conservative Chilean government of Jorge Alessandri to invest in the event made it clear that Alessandri had little interest in using the World Cup to promote a political agenda. Nonetheless, the World Cup of 1962 demonstrates how informal actors understood themselves as ambassadors, debated the Cold War, and rendered sport a site of political performance.
Conference papers on the topic "Curtin Labor government"
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Burleson, Grace, Brian Butcher, Brianna Goodwin, and Kendra Sharp. "Assisting Economic Opportunity for Women Through Appropriate Engineering Design of a Soap-Making Process in Uganda." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59715.
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TERREWODE, a non-governmental organization in Uganda, works to eradicate obstetric fistula in local communities and provide income-generating skills training to the affected women. Obstetric fistula is a traumatic childbirth injury caused by prolonged, obstructed labor and delayed intervention. The condition is preventable with proper medical attention, however, in rural areas women who suffer from the condition are typically disowned from their families and communities [1]. As part of their social reintegration program, TERREWODE provides training for women post-treatment in multiple income-generating skill areas; jewelry making, baking, cooking, sewing, and buying/selling produce. The soap-making idea originated within TERREWODE itself and is intended to create an income stream for the women participating. The scope of this senior capstone project, in collaboration with several organizations, is to increase efficiency, reliability, and repeatability of the soap-making process and explore potential avenues for powering the system in an off-grid setting. A weighted-design matrix was used to make engineering decisions throughout the project. The two primary engineering aspects of this project were the selection of soap-making process (hot vs. cold) and the selection of a mixing device and powering unit. Understanding of appropriate manufacturing technologies in Uganda was necessary as all materials and tools needed to be locally available for success for the project. The hot process requires maintaining the soap mixture at a constant temperature for roughly two hours or until the gel phase occurs. This process allows for a short curing time, permitting the soap to be ready for use sooner. Opposing this, the cold process requires little cook time but a lengthy curing time. Experimental data showed that maintaining a consistent temperature over an extended period of time while using a cookstove is nearly impossible, even in a controlled lab environment. The cold process was selected as a better suited solution for manufacturing due to field conditions and available resources. A mixing device is crucial to the soap-making process. Due to the unreliability of grid-based electricity in the region, the team considered both a human-powered mixing solution and a solar-powered mixing solution [2]. TERREWODE leadership steered the team away from creating a human powered bike mixer for fear of discouraging women to participate, due to potential health and comfort issues. The team selected a solar powered system and has tested a U.S. manufactured prototype. The ultimate goal of this soap-making project is to provide an opportunity for victims and survivors of obstetric fistula to earn a livelihood. The work done by the Oregon State (OSU) mechanical engineering design team, in conjunction with the OSU Anthropology department, University of Oregon College of Business, several private artists and entrepreneurs, and TERREWODE, will provide potential improvements to the process and implementation plan to more effectively and economically create soap.