Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cuprate addition

Academic literature on the topic 'Cuprate addition'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cuprate addition"

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Snyder, James P. "Mechanism of Lithium Cuprate Conjugate Addition: Neutral Tetracoordinate CuI Cuprates as Essential Intermediates." Journal of the American Chemical Society 117, no. 44 (November 1995): 11025–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00149a033.

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Li, W. M., J. F. Zhao, L. P. Cao, Z. Hu, Q. Z. Huang, X. C. Wang, Y. Liu, et al. "Superconductivity in a unique type of copper oxide." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 25 (May 20, 2019): 12156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900908116.

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The mechanism of superconductivity in cuprates remains one of the big challenges of condensed matter physics. High-Tc cuprates crystallize into a layered perovskite structure featuring copper oxygen octahedral coordination. Due to the Jahn Teller effect in combination with the strong static Coulomb interaction, the octahedra in high-Tc cuprates are elongated along the c axis, leading to a 3dx2-y2 orbital at the top of the band structure wherein the doped holes reside. This scenario gives rise to 2D characteristics in high-Tc cuprates that favor d-wave pairing symmetry. Here, we report superconductivity in a cuprate Ba2CuO4-y, wherein the local octahedron is in a very exceptional compressed version. The Ba2CuO4-y compound was synthesized at high pressure at high temperatures and shows bulk superconductivity with critical temperature (Tc) above 70 K at ambient conditions. This superconducting transition temperature is more than 30 K higher than the Tc for the isostructural counterparts based on classical La2CuO4. X-ray absorption measurements indicate the heavily doped nature of the Ba2CuO4-y superconductor. In compressed octahedron, the 3d3z2-r2 orbital will be lifted above the 3dx2-y2 orbital, leading to significant 3D nature in addition to the conventional 3dx2-y2 orbital. This work sheds important light on advancing our comprehensive understanding of the superconducting mechanism of high Tc in cuprate materials.
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Breit, Bernhard. "ortho-Diphenylphosphanylbenzoyl-Directed Cuprate Addition to Acyclic Enoates." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 37, no. 4 (March 2, 1998): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19980302)37:4<525::aid-anie525>3.0.co;2-m.

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Wang, Qisi, Karin von Arx, Masafumi Horio, Deepak John Mukkattukavil, Julia Küspert, Yasmine Sassa, Thorsten Schmitt, et al. "Charge order lock-in by electron-phonon coupling in La1.675Eu0.2Sr0.125CuO4." Science Advances 7, no. 27 (June 2021): eabg7394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg7394.

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Charge order is universal to all hole-doped cuprates. Yet, the driving interactions remain an unsolved problem. Electron-electron interaction is widely believed to be essential, whereas the role of electron-phonon interaction is unclear. We report an ultrahigh-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) study of the in-plane bond-stretching phonon mode in stripe-ordered cuprate La1.675Eu0.2Sr0.125CuO4. Phonon softening and lifetime shortening are found around the charge ordering wave vector. In addition to these self-energy effects, the electron-phonon coupling is probed by its proportionality to the RIXS cross section. We find an enhancement of the electron-phonon coupling around the charge-stripe ordering wave vector upon cooling into the low-temperature tetragonal structure phase. These results suggest that, in addition to electronic correlations, electron-phonon coupling contributes substantially to the emergence of long-range charge-stripe order in cuprates.
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Clive, Derrick L. J., Chengzhi Zhang, Yuanxi Zhou, and Yong Tao. "Addition of dimethylphenylsilyl cuprates to vinyl epoxides: Effect of cuprate stoichiometry on stereochemistry and refiochemistry." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 489, no. 1-2 (March 1995): C35—C37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(94)05224-y.

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Agterberg, Daniel F., J. C. Séamus Davis, Stephen D. Edkins, Eduardo Fradkin, Dale J. Van Harlingen, Steven A. Kivelson, Patrick A. Lee, Leo Radzihovsky, John M. Tranquada, and Yuxuan Wang. "The Physics of Pair-Density Waves: Cuprate Superconductors and Beyond." Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 11, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 231–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050711.

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We review the physics of pair-density wave (PDW) superconductors. We begin with a macroscopic description that emphasizes order induced by PDW states, such as charge-density wave, and discuss related vestigial states that emerge as a consequence of partial melting of the PDW order. We review and critically discuss the mounting experimental evidence for such PDW order in the cuprate superconductors, the status of the theoretical microscopic description of such order, and the current debate on whether the PDW is a mother order or another competing order in the cuprates. In addition, we give an overview of the weak coupling version of PDW order, Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov states, in the context of cold atom systems, unconventional superconductors, and noncentrosymmetric and Weyl materials.
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Hutchinson, D. K., S. A. Hardinger, and P. L. Fuchs. "Amine-directed addition of cuprate reagents to cyclopentenyl sulfones." Tetrahedron Letters 27, no. 13 (January 1986): 1425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)84276-8.

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Mulzer, Johann, Gerd Dürner, and Dirk Trauner. "Formal Total Synthesis of(—)-Morphine by Cuprate Conjugate Addition." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 35, no. 2324 (December 1996): 2830–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199628301.

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Lv, Bo, and Wei Guo. "The spin pairing symmetry of d-wave superconductor indicated by tunneling spectroscopy." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 25 (October 10, 2017): 1745017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217450175.

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Andreev reflection on the interface of ferromagnet/superconductor ([Formula: see text]) junction provides a tool for exhibiting the spin pairing symmetry in superconductors. The triplet tunneling in [Formula: see text]-wave [Formula: see text] junction observed in recent experiments revived a fundamental interest: the pairing mechanism of the superconducting cuprate. Here we show that in a doped cuprate, the effective spin coupling between the doped holes on the O sites yields a symmetric bound pair state [Formula: see text] with quantum numbers [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in the CuO2 layer, which explains the origin of the resonating valence bound state in cuprates, as well as the tunneling experiments. In addition, the [Formula: see text]-wave is consistent with the triplet pairing since the observable orbital wavefunction is a projection from the total odd-frequency wavefunction onto the quasi-2D superconducting CuO[Formula: see text] layer. High-temperature superconductivity as a long-standing puzzle touches upon a hiding symmetry: the triplet state ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) is indistinguishable from the singlet ([Formula: see text]) either in NMR measurements, or in muon detections, but can be identified by tunneling spectroscopy of [Formula: see text] junction.
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Salas, P., M. A. Solís, M. Fortes, and F. J. Sevilla. "Thermodynamic properties of underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x cuprates for several doping values." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 13 (February 23, 2017): 1750100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217501004.

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We report the thermodynamic properties of cuprate superconductors YBa2Cu3O[Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text] ranging from underdoped ([Formula: see text]) to optimally doped ([Formula: see text]) regions. We model cuprates as a boson–fermion gas mixture immersed in a layered structure, which is generated via a Dirac-comb potential applied in the perpendicular direction to the CuO2 planes, while the particles move freely in the other two directions. The optimal system parameters, namely, the planes’ impenetrability and the paired-fermion fraction, are obtained by minimizing the Helmholtz free energy in addition to fixing the critical temperature [Formula: see text] to its experimental value. Using this optimized scheme, we calculate the entropy, the Helmholtz free energy and the specific heat as functions of temperature. Additionally, some fundamental properties of the electronic specific heat are obtained, such as the normal linear coefficient [Formula: see text], the quadratic [Formula: see text] term and the jump height at [Formula: see text]. We reproduce the cubic [Formula: see text] term of the total specific heat for low temperatures. Also our multilayer model inherently brings with it the mass anisotropy observed in cuprate superconductors. Furthermore, we establish the doping value beyond which superconductivity is suppressed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cuprate addition"

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Kasprzyk, Milena, and milena kasprzyk@freehills com. "Synthetic Studies Towards the Tridachione Family of Marine Natural Products." Flinders University. Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, 2008. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20081107.085933.

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Since the middle of the 20th century, significant interest has evolved from the scientific community towards the polypropionate family of marine natural products. A number of these compounds have been shown to possess significant biological activity, and this property, as well as their structural complexity, has driven numerous efforts towards their synthesis. The first chapter provides an introduction into the world of polypropionates, with a discussion on synthetic studies into a number of members of the tridachiapyrone family. Fundamental synthetic concepts utilised in this thesis towards the preparation of polyketides are also described, with a focus on their application towards the synthesis of 9,10-deoxytridachione, anti tridachiahydropyrone and syn tridachiahydropyrone. Chapter 2 describes the work undertaken towards the total synthesis of 9,10-deoxytridachione. The novel tandem conjugate addition-Dieckmann condensation of complex enones developed previously in the Perkins group was used to generate anti methylated cyclohexenones as key synthetic intermediates. The conversion of the cyclohexenones into the corresponding cyclohexadienes via allylic alcohols was attempted, utilising a Grignard-mediated reaction to achieve the selective 1,2-reduction. Studies into the Grignard-mediated reduction were also undertaken on seven additional cyclohexenones, in order to investigate the utility and scope of the reaction. The extension of the methodology previously developed for the synthesis of cyclohexenones is the subject of Chapter 3. This section describes investigations into the synthesis of stereochemically-diverse cyclohexenones from complex enones. The conjugate addition-Dieckmann condensation strategy was extended successfully towards the synthesis of a syn methylated cyclohexenone, which allowed the synthesis of the proposed true structure of tridachiahydropyrone to be pursued. The methodology developed in Chapter 3 was utilised in Chapter 4 to synthesise a model system of syn tridachiahydropyrone. A comparative analysis of the NMR data of the syn model, an anti model and anti tridachiahydropyrone with the natural product indicated that the true structure of tridachiahydropyrone may indeed have syn stereochemistry. The synthesis of syn tridachiahydropyrone was attempted, and to this end a suitable cyclohexanone was successfully synthesised. However, the subsequent methylation-elimination cascade failed to furnish the desired syn methylated cyclohexenone, producing only an anti methylated cyclohexanone. The stereochemistry of the methylation was deduced using high and low variable temperature NMR coupled with selective irradiation NOESY.
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O'Connor, Brian 1961. "Studies towards the synthesis of the novel antileukemic agent CI-920 and the addition of cuprates to vinyltriphenylphosphonium bromide : a synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted 1Z,4Z-pentadienes." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75443.

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A new method for the preparation of 1,5-disubstituted-1Z,4Z-pentadienes by the addition of alkenyl cuprates to vinyltriphenylphosphonium bromide followed by an aldehyde is described. This method is used for the syntheses of 6Z,9Z-heneicosadiene and 15,15-(diethyldithio)-13S-t-butyldiphenylsilyloxy-6Z,9Z,11E-pentadecatriene. Syntheses of $(-)$-(5R)-argentilactone and (+)-(5R)-goniothalamin are described. Model studies towards the synthesis of the novel antileukemic agent CI-920 were carried out.
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Cunha, Rodrigo Luiz Oliveira Rodrigues. "Novos aspectos e aplicações da química de teluranas e de teluretos orgânicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46135/tde-27082008-073450/.

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A primeira parte desta tese aborda estudos sobre a reatividade de compostos de telúrio eletrofílicos, principalmente tetracloreto de telúrio e tricloretos aromáticos de telúrio. Novos aspectos da reatividade de TeCl4 frente a alcinos e algumas acetofenonas foram observados e, a partir da elucidação estrutural dos compostos obtidos, por cristalografia, uma racionalização mecanística foi proposta para cada caso. As proposições apresentadas encontraram respaldo com a detecção de intermediários transientes por estudos de espectrometria de massas com ionização por electron-spray (ESI-MS/MS). Além de novos aspectos da química do Telúrio, os compostos preparados encontraram aplicação como potentes e seletivos inibidores de cisteíno proteases. Com esta aplicação estabelecida, foram sintetizadas ambos os enantiômeros de uma telurana e a atividade inibitória destas frente a Catepsina B mostrou dependência da estereoquímica devido a dependência estereoquímica da interação entre a enzima e o inibidor. A segunda parte deste trabalho trata do desenvolvimento da reação de abertura de anel de aziridinas por reagentes organometálicos de cobre derivados de teluretos vinílicos e arílicos que resultaram em derivados de aminas homoalílicas ou homobenzílicas. Em seguida, a reatividade de aziridinas alílicas foi estudada frente a uma série de reagentes organometálicos de lítio, magnésio, cobre e zinco que mostraram influenciar a regio- e estereosseletividades das reações de abertura.
The first part of this thesis deals with the study of the reactivity of electrophilic tellurium compounds, mainly tellurium tetrachloride and aromatic tellurium trichlorides. New aspects of the reactivity of TeCl4 towards alkynes and some acetophenones were disclosed. A mechanistic rationale for each of the processes studied was possible by the determination of the stereochemistry for each product by monocrystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The proposition of the formation of cationic intermediates in the addition reaction of TeCl4 to alkynes was corroborated by the detection and characterization of transient intermediates by ESI-MS/MS experiments. Besides the new aspects of the Tellurium chemistry found, the prepared compounds showed a high and selective activity as inhibitors of cysteine proteases. A pair of enantiomers of a tellurane showed different activities against Human Catepsin B due to a stereochemical dependence in the enzyme/inhibitor interaction. The second part of the present work deals with the development of the ring opening reaction of aziridines by organometallic reagents of copper prepared from vinylic and arylic tellurides. These reactions led to homoallylic and homobenzylic amine derivatives. Finally, the reactivity of 2-alkenyl aziridines was studied towards a series of organometallic reagents of lithium, magnesium, copper and zinc which biased the regio- and stereoselectivities of the ring opening reactions.
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Ma, Jianguo. "Acyclic stereocontrol and chemical diversity & application to the total synthesis of Bafilomycin A₁." Thèse, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14335.

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Cérat, Pascal. "Synthèse et utilisation de dérivés de cyclopropane-1,1-diesters énantioenrichis vers l'obtention d'allènes hautement substitués." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6296.

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Le présent mémoire a pour sujet le développement d’une méthode rapide et efficace vers la production d’allènes hautement substitués à partir de dérivés cyclopropaniques électrophiles énantioenrichis. L’avancement de méthodes synthétiques intéressantes pour la production asymétrique de ces dérivés de cyclopropane-1,1-diesters sera également présenté. Dans un premier temps, les différentes méthodes de synthèses des cyclopropanes activés seront abordées, ainsi que leur utilisation dans la préparation de molécules plus complexes. Par la suite, les techniques précédentes de préparation asymétrique des allènes seront introduites, démontrant ainsi la difficulté de leur accessibilité. Le développement d’une méthode fiable pour la synthèse de cyclopropane-1,1-diesters utilisant les ylures d’iodonium sera présenté. Finalement, l’accessibilité à plusieurs types d’allènes hautement substitués par l’utilisation de cuprates sera détaillée. Dans une seconde partie, il sera davantage question de l’accessibilité des cyclopropane-1,1-diesters énantioenrichis. Ces derniers sont d’un intérêt particulier, car ils constituent le point de départ de notre méthodologie précédente. Le développement d’une méthode pouvant être utilisée à grande échelle et à faible coût a donc été explorée. Les deux derniers chapitres présenteront donc les tentatives de générer ces cyclopropanes activés par résolution cinétique ou encore par l’hydrogénation asymétrique des cyclopropènes correspondants.
The subject of this present M.Sc. thesis is the developpement of an efficient and fast methodology toward the production of highly substituted allenes using enantioenriched cyclopropanes derivatives. The development of new synthetic methodologies in the production of these enantioenriched cyclopropan-1,1-diesters will be presented. First, the various methodologies for the preparation of activated cyclopropanes will be discussed along with their uses in the synthesis of more complex molecules. Then, the precedents in the field of asymmetric allenes synthesis will be introduced. The developpement of a viable method for the synthesis of cyclopropane-1,1-diesters using iodonium ylides will be presented. Finally, the accessibility of different highly substituted allenes by the used of cuprates will be detailed. In a second part, we will elaborate on the accessibility of the enantioenriched cyclopropane-1,1-diesters derivatives. These compounds are interesting, because they are used as starting materials in the previous methodology of allenes synthesis. This methodology has to be usable in large scale and at small cost. The last two chapters of this thesis will present the alternatives strategies for the preparation of these activated cyclopropanes by either kinetic resolution or the asymmetric hydrogenation of cyclopropenes.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cuprate addition"

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Grenier, J. C., F. Arrouy, J. P. Locquet, C. Monroux, M. Pouchard, A. Villesuzanne, and A. Wattiaux. "The Role of The Additional Oxygen Atoms on the Superconducting Properties of La2CuO4-Related Compounds." In Phase Separation in Cuprate Superconductors, 236–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78805-5_18.

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Zimmer, R. "Cuprate Addition and Silylation of Alkyl Propynoates." In Three Carbon-Heteroatom Bonds: Ketenes and Derivatives, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-024-00053.

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Taber, Douglass. "The Kobayashi Synthesis of (-)-Norzoanthamine." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0105.

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The Zoanthus alkaloids, exemplified by (-)-norzoanthamine 3a and zoanthamine 3b, show promising activity against osteoporosis. Susumu Kobayashi of the Tokyo University of Science assembled (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 1400; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 1404) the challenging tricyclic core of 3a employing the intramolecular Diels-Alder cyclization of 1 to 2. The cyclopentane of 1 served as useful scaffolding, even though it was cleaved en route to 3a. The cyclohexane ring of 1 has five of its six positions substituted, including three that are alkylated quaternary centers. The starting point for the preparation of 1 was the enantiomerically-pure Hajos-Parrish ketone 4, containing the first of the those quaternary centers. Conjugate addition of MeLi established the second quaternary center. The less stable endo alkyl branch of 1 was installed by conjugate addition to the more reactive α-methylene ketone of the cross-conjugated 5, followed by kinetic quench. Addition of vinyl cuprate across the open face of the enone 7 then established the final quaternary center, setting the stage for the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. The silyl enol ether from the cyclization of 1 was not stable, so it was directly oxidized to the enone 2. The keto phosphonate 16 for the last two rings of 3a was prepared from the previously-reported crystalline glutamic acid-derived mesylate 12. Reduction and homologation delivered the ester 14, that was condensed with the phosphonate anion 15 to give 16. The congested cyclopentanone 17, derived from 2, was most efficiently deprotonated with n -BuLi. Exposure of the resulting silyl enol ether to ozone led to the α-hydroxylated product 18. Unexpectedly but happily, oxidative cleavage of 18 delivered, after deprotection and reprotection, the more congested aldehyde 19. This cleavage may be proceeding by tautomerization of 18 to the regioisomeric keto alcohol. The aldehyde 19 was condensed with the keto phosphonate 16, to give, after hydrogenation, the keto lactone 20. A series of oxidation state adjustments then completed the synthesis of (-)-norzoanthamine 3a.
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Taber, Douglass. "C-O Ring Containing Natural Products: Paeonilactone B (Taylor), Deoxymonate B (de la Pradilla), Sanguiin H-5 (Spring), Solandelactone A (White), Spirastrellolide A (Paterson)." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0050.

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Richard J. K. Taylor of the University of York has developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 1935) the diasteroselective intramolecular Michael cyclization of phosphonates such as 2. Quenching of the cyclized product with paraformaldehyde delivered ( + )-Paeonilactone B 3. Roberto Fernández de la Pradilla of the CSIC, Madrid established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2008, 49, 4167) the diastereoselective intramolecular hetero Michael addition of alcohols to enantiomerically-pure acyclic sulfoxides such as 4 to give the allylic sulfoxide 5. Mislow-Evans rearrangement converted 5 into 6, the enantiomerically-pure core of Ethyl Deoxymonate B 7. The ellagitannins, represented by 10, are single atropisomers around the biphenyl linkage. David R. Spring of the University of Cambridge found (Organic Lett. 2008, 10, 2593) that the chiral constraint of the carbohydrate backbone of 9 directed the absolute sense of the oxidative coupling of the mixed cuprate derived from 9, leading to Sanguiin H-5 10 with high diastereomeric control. A key challenge in the synthesis of the solandelactones, exemplified by 14, is the stereocontrolled construction of the unsaturated eight-membered ring lactone. James D. White of Oregon State University found (J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73, 4139) an elegant solution to this problem, by exposure of the cyclic carbonate 11 to the Petasis reagent, to give 12. Subsequent Claisen rearrangement delivered the eight-membered ring lactone, at the same time installing the ring alkene of Solandelactone E 14. AD-mix usually proceeds with only modest enantiocontrol with terminal alkenes. None the less, Ian Paterson, also of the University of Cambridge, observed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3016, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3021) that bis-dihydroxylation of the diene 17 proceeded to give, after acid-mediated cyclization, the bis-spiro ketal core 18 of Spirastrellolide A Methyl Ester 19 with high diastereocontrol.
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Kresin, Vladimir Z., Sergei G. Ovchinnikov, and Stuart A. Wolf. "Experimental Methods." In Superconducting State, 201–27. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198845331.003.0004.

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In this chapter, several of the most important experimental techniques are described. These have been used to probe the most fundamental properties of the superconducting state: the energy gap and the pairing interaction. These methods have played a crucial role in validating the mechanism of superconductivity in conventional superconductors and are key to a fundamental understanding of superconductivity in more recently discovered novel superconductors like cuprates, Fe-based superconductors, and so on. The techniques that are described are all spectroscopic: tunnelling of quasiparticles through an insulating barrier or through a point contact ,Josephson tunnelling, the interaction of photons with a superconducting film or surface, the attenuation of ultrasonic waves,, the relaxation and/or resonance of muons interacting with a superconducting compound, and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). High-pressure techniques and the preparation of thin films and junctions are described. In addition, a state-of-the-art experimental procedure that enables the observation of the Little mechanism is discussed.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Metal-Mediated Carbocyclic Construction: The Whitby Synthesis of (+)-Mucosin." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0075.

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Erick M. Carreira of ETH-Zürich generated (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 2162) ethyl diazoacetate in situ in the presence of the alkene 1 and an iron catalyst to give the cyclopropane 3. Joseph M. Fox of the University of Delaware inserted (Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 1589) the Rh carbene derived from 5 into the alkene 4 to give the cyclopropene 6, without β-hydride elimination. Masaatsu Adachi and Toshio Nishikawa of Nagoya University reduced (Chem. Lett. 2012, 41, 287) the enone 7 to give the cyclobutanol 8. Intramolecular ketene cycloaddition has been limited to very electron-rich acceptor alkenes. Xiao-Ping Cao and Yong-Qiang Tu of Lanzhou University devised (Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 1975) a protocol that converted 9 into the cyclobutanone 10 with high diastereocontrol. The intermediate is the tosylhydrazone of the ketone, so a reductive workup would lead to the corresponding cycloalkane. Koichi Mikami of the Tokyo Institute of Technology added (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 10329) alkyl cuprates to the prochiral enone 11 to give the enolate trapping product 13 in high ee and with high diastereocontrol. Marcus A. Tius of the University of Hawaii found (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 5727) a Pd catalyst for the Nazarov cyclization of 14 to 15. Antoni Riera and Xavier Verdaguer of the Universitat de Barcelona prepared (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 3534) 16 by enantioselective Pauson-Khand addition to tetramethyl norbornadiene. Conjugate addition followed by retro Diels-Alder could potentially lead to the cyclopentenone 17. The intermolecular Pauson-Khand cyclization often gives mixtures of regioisomers. José Barluenga of the Universidad de Oviedo demonstrated (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 183) an alternative, the addition of an alkenyl lithium 19 to the Fischer carbene 18 leading to 20. Jian-Hua Xie and Qi-Lin Zhou of Nankai University hydrogenated (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2012, 354, 1105; see also Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 2714) the ketone 21 under epimerizing conditions to give the alcohol 22. Kozo Shishido of the University of Tokushima observed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 145) that the intramolecular Heck cyclization of 23 proceeded with high diastereocontrol. Zhi-Xiang Yu of Peking University devised (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 692) an Rh catalyst for the cyclocarbonylation of 25 to 26.
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