Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Culture filtrate'
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Rennie, Bryan D. "Detection and identification of antigens from Mycobacterium bovis culture filtrate with immune sera from Mycobacterium bovis sensitized or infected cattle." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28138.
Full textKanu, S., and Dakora FD. "Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of lumichrome, riboflavin and indole acetic acid in cell-free culture filtrate ofPsoralea nodule bacteria grown at different pH, salinity and temperature regimes." Symbiosis, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001481.
Full textKanu, S., and FD Dakora. "Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of lumichrome, riboflavin and indole acetic acid in cell-free culture filtrate ofPsoralea nodule bacteria grown at different pH, salinity and temperature regimes." Balaban, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001676.
Full textPijut, Paula M. "Effects of culture filtrates of Ceratocystis ulmi on growth and ultrastructure of in vitro cultured Ulmus Americana /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148759742413622.
Full textSpiassi, Ariane. "Aleopatia de fungos fitopatogênicos sobre plantas invasoras das culturas de soja e milho." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2011. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/422.
Full textInvasive plants can cause problems to the exploitation of agriculture worldwide. The chemical control of these plants has generated several environmental problems, such as the contamination of natural resources, the compromising the food quality, the poisoning of farmers, the development of the weed s resistance, among others. An alternative to reduce the use of pesticides is the use of biological control, using pathogenic fungi that produce a variety of secondary compounds in culture medium, which exhibit phytotoxicity. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the allelopathic activity of culture filtrate produced by pathogenic fungi that attack soybeans (Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina) and maize (Fusarium graminearum, Diplodia maydis). We evaluated the effects of fungal filtrates at concentrations of 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20% on seed germination and on the developments of both radicle and hypocotyl of Canadian horseweed (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.) broomstick (Bidens pilosa L.) and milkweed (Euphorbia heterophylla L.). Such effects were also tested on cultivated plants (soy and corn). The design of the experiment was completely randomized, with six treatments and four replications. The results indicate that the filtered solution of the Fusarium solani culture presented negative effect on Canadian horseweed, broomstick and milkweed without affecting the soy negatively. Diplodia maydis provided the reduction of growth of horseweed and milkweed without causing damage to the maize culture. Finally, the one of Macrophomina phaseolina decreased the growth of milkweed plantules without affecting the maize negatively, suggesting that these filtered solutions can be used for controlling invasive plants, being an ecologically friendly alternative for the reduction of the herbicides use and for protecting the environment
Plantas invasoras causam problemas à exploração da agricultura mundial, e o controle químico dessas plantas tem gerado diversos problemas ambientais, como contaminação de recursos naturais, comprometimento da qualidade de alimentos, intoxicação de agricultores, resistência de plantas invasoras, entre outros desequilíbrios. Uma das alternativas para reduzir o uso de agrotóxicos é a utilização do controle alternativo, empregando fungos fitopatogênicos que produzem uma variedade de compostos secundários em meio de cultivo, os quais exibem atividade fitotóxica. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a atividade alelopática do filtrado de cultura produzido por fungos fitopatogênicos que atacam a soja (Fusarium solani e Macrophomina phaseolina) e o milho (Fusarium graminearum e Diplodia maydis). Foram avaliados os efeitos in vitro dos filtrados fúngicos, nas concentrações de 0, 1, 5, 10, 15 e 20%, sobre a germinação de sementes e desenvolvimento de radícula e hipocótilo de buva (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.), picão-preto (Bidens pilosa L.) e amendoim bravo (Euphorbia heterophylla L.). Também foi testado este efeito sobre as plantas cultivadas (soja e milho). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com vinte e um tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e de regressão polinomial. Os resultados indicaram que o filtrado de cultura de Fusarium solani apresentou efeitos negativos sobre buva, picão-preto e amendoim bravo sem afetar negativamente a soja. Diplodia maydis proporcionou redução de crescimento de buva e amendoim bravo sem causar prejuízo à cultura do milho. Finalmente, o filtrado de Macrophomina phaseolina diminuiu o crescimento de plântulas de amendoim bravo sem afetar negativamente o milho, sugerindo que esses filtrados possam ser utilizados para controle das plantas invasoras em questão como alternativa ecologicamente correta na redução do consumo de herbicidas e na proteção ao ambiente
Murayama, Takako. "Suppressive effects of Aspergillus fumigatus culture filtrates on human alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes." Kyoto University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202229.
Full textBecerra-Celis, Giuliana Isambert Arsène. "Proposition de stratégies de commande pour la culture de microalgue dans un photobioréacteur continu." S. l. : Ecole centrale de Paris, 2009. http://theses.abes.fr/2009ECAP0014.
Full textLévesque, Vicky. "Potentiel des marais filtrants à traiter les effluents de serre issus d'une culture de tomate." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28453/28453.pdf.
Full textPelletier, François. "Mise au point d'observateurs d'état pour le suivi de cultures de cellules animales." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL135N.
Full textDildey, Omari Dangelo Forlin. "Indução de resistência a antracnose do feijoeiro por frações de filtrato de cultura e extrato de micélio de Trichoderma longibrachiatum." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3197.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study aimed to purify by chromatography elicitors from Trichoderma longibrachiatum culture filtrate and mycelium extract and to test them in phytoalexin phaseolin inducing and resistance induced to anthracnose in common bean. The sodium phosphate buffer at 0.05 M (SPB) was used as the control treatment and the ASM (Acibenzolar-S-Metil) was used as the standard induction treatment. Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEC) and Gel Filtration Chromatography (GFC) were performed to separate fractions with eliciting power from the culture filtrate (CF) and T. longibrachiatum mycelium extract (TME). For the purification of elicitors by IEC, from GFC, it were obtained one glycidic and five glycoproteins fractions, totaling six fractions. For purification from TME, it were obtained three protein, one glycidic and two glycoproteins fractions, totaling six fractions. In both, were obtained twelve fractions from IEC. These, in turn, were purified in GFC, being obtained a total of thirty seven fractions. Among these, there were fourteen fractions of TME were classified according to their nature, being three proteins, two glycogen and nine glycoproteins. There were twenty-three fractions from TME, wich were classified according to their nature, being four proteins, nine glycogen and ten glycoproteins. Of the fractions purified in CFG from FTC and TME, eight presented phaseolin inducer potential (F17, F23, F25, F27, F31, F38 and F46). The 10 treatments consisted of the eight fractions and two controls: ASM and control (TAP). Treatments were applied in one of the primary leaves (treated leaf (TL)), and the other primary leaf was not treated (untreated leaf (UL)) to verify the systemic effect. Three leaf samples were taken for determination of enzymatic activity: before applying the fractions, after application of the fractions and after the pathogen inoculation. The defense enzyme analysis was performed for Peroxidase (POX), Polyphenoloxidase (PFO), Catalase (CAT), Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and β-1,3-glucanase (β-GASE). At the end, it was performed an evaluation of severity in the primary leaf of common bean, on the fifth day after inoculation. The in vivo test data were subjected to analysis of variance. The purification of samples from FTC and EXM of T. longibrachiatum, from IEC and GFC indicated fractions with the presence of eliciting molecules. The fractions F17, F23 and F25 from FTC and F27, F29, F31, F38 and F46 from EXM were able to induce phaseolin synthesis in common bean hypocotyls. The POX, PFO and β-GASE Increased when applied in the TL after application of the fractions and after inoculation of the pathogen. The fractions did not alter CAT and FAL enzymatic activity. The fractions F17, F23 and F27 reduced the anthracnose severity in the local effect.
O trabalho teve por objetivo purificar por cromatografia moléculas eliciadoras a partir de filtrado de cultura e extrato de micélio de Trichoderma longibrachiatum e testá-las na indução de fitoalexina faseolina e com potencial indutor de resistência contra antracnose no feijoeiro. O tampão fosfato de sódio 0,05 M (TAP) foi utilizado como tratamento controle e ASM (Acibenzolar-S-Metil) foi utilizado como tratamento padrão de indução. Cromatografia de troca iônica (CTI) e cromatografia de filtração em gel (CFG) foram realizadas para separar frações com poder eliciador a partir de filtrado de cultura (FTC) e extrato de micélio (EXM) de T. longibrachiatum. Para a purificação de eliciadores por CTI, a partir de FTC, foram obtidos uma fração glicídica e cinco glicoproteicas, total de seis frações. Para a purificação a partir de EXM, forma obtidos três frações proteicas, uma glicídica e duas glicoproteicas, total de seis frações, em ambos foi totalizado doze frações obtidas por CTI. Estas, por sua vez, foram purificadas em CFG, sendo obtidos um total de trinta e sete frações. Entre essas, quatorze frações para FTC, as mesmas foram classificadas de acordo com sua natureza, sendo três proteicas, duas glicídicas e nove glicoproteicas. E vinte e três frações para EXM, as mesmas foram classificadas com sua natureza, sendo quatro proteicas, nove glicídicas e dez glicoproteicas. Das frações purificadas na CFG a partir de FTC e EXM, oito apresentaram potencial indutor de faseolina (F17, F23, F25, F27, F31, F38 e F46. Os 10 tratamentos constituíram de oito frações e dois controles: ASM e controle (TAP). Foram aplicados os tratamentos em uma das folhas primária (folha tratada (FT)), sendo que outra folha primária não recebeu tratamento (folha não tratada (FNT)) para verificar o efeito sistêmico. Foram realizadas três coletas de folhas para determinação da atividade enzimática, antes da aplicação das frações, depois da aplicação das frações e coleta após a inoculação do patógeno. Foi realizada análise enzimática (peroxidase (POX), polifenoloxidase (PFO), catalase (CAT), fenilalanina amônia-liase (FAL) e β-1,3-glucanase (β-GASE)) e ao final, realizada avaliação de severidade no quinto dia após a inoculação da folha primária de feijoeiro. A purificação de amostras provenientes de FTC e EXM de T. longibrachiatum, por CTI e CFG indicaram frações com presença de moléculas eliciadoras. As frações F17, F23 e F25 de origem FTC e F27, F29, F31, F38 e F46 de origem EXM foram capazes de induzir a síntese de faseolina em hipocótilos de feijoeiro. A atividade de POX, PFO e β-GASE aumentou quando aplicado na FT após a aplicação das frações e após a inoculação do patógeno. As frações não alteraram a atividade enzimática de CAT e FAL. As frações F17, F23 e F27 reduziram a severidade da antracnose no efeito local.
Flores, Patrícia Silva. "Filtrado de culturas de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae e ácido fusárico na seleção in vitro de maracujazeiro amarelo." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2008. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/7890.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Apesar de o Brasil ser o maior produtor mundial de maracujá, a produtividade nacional é muito baixa. A incidência de várias doenças nos pomares de maracujá, aliada à inexistência de cultivares resistentes, tem contribuído para a redução da área plantada. Dentre as doenças que afetam a cultura, destaca-se a murcha de Fusarium que é causada pelo fungo Fusarium oxysporum. A seleção in vitro de plantas resistentes a espécies de Fusarium utilizando toxinas fúngicas como agentes seletivos tem sido descrita com êxito para várias espécies. Assim, no presente trabalho foram realizadas adaptações das metodologias de seleção in vitro utilizadas em outras espécies para obtenção de plantas de maracujazeiro-amarelo insensíveis à fusariose. Para tanto, foram estabelecidos protocolos para a micropropagação de plantas do maracujazeiro-amarelo através de explantes de segmentos nodais utilizando-se doses de BAP (1,0; 1,5 e 2,0 mg L-1) e água de coco (0, 5 e 10 % v/v) suplementados ao meio de cultura MS. Foram avaliados os efeitos de doses de ácido fusárico na germinação de sementes (0; 0,10; 0,20; 0,30 e 0,40 mM) e no desenvolvimento de plantas (0,0; 0,10; 0,20 e 0,30 mM), in vitro. As plantas insensíveis ao ácido fusárico selecionadas foram então submetidas a doses do filtrado de um isolado do fungo (0, 20, 30, 40 ou 50 % (v/v)) para verificação da correlação das reações das plantas aos dois agentes seletivos. Após, as plantas selecionadas foram transferidas para substrato composto de areia autoclavada contendo a suspensão de esporos do fungo e mantidas em câmara de crescimento para avaliação da resistência das plantas in vivo. Foram testadas também doses de radiação gama (0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45 e 60 Gy) para obtenção de variantes em segmentos nodais de P. edulis f. flavicarpa sob condições in vitro e analisados os efeitos da radiação sobre o incremento da resistência de P. edulis f. flavicarpa ao fungo. O meio de cultura suplementado com 1 mgL-1 de BAP foi o mais adequado para a micropropagação de plantas de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa a partir de explantes de segmentos nodais. O ácido fusárico e o filtrado da cultura fúngica foram eficientes na seleção de genótipos de maracujazeiro-amarelo insensíveis ao fungo. Recomenda-se a dose de radiação gama de 20 Gy para obtenção de variantes mutantes de maracujazeiro-amarelo a partir de segmentos nodais. Através da radiação com raios gama foi possível obter plantas de maracujazeiro-amarelo insensíveis às toxinas de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae, in vitro.
Although Brazil is the largest producer of passionfruit in world, the national productivity is very low. The incidence of several diseases in the passion fruit orchards, as well as the inexistence of resistant cultivars have been contributing for reduction in the planted area. Among the diseases affecting the crop, the Fusarium wilting caused by the Fusarium oxysporum fungus is distinguished. The in vitro selection of plants that are resistant to Fusarium species, by using fungous toxins as selective agents has been successfully described for several species. So, some adaptations were accomplished in the in vitro selection methodologies used in other species for obtainment of the yellow passionfruit plants that are tolerant to fusariosis. So, protocols for the micropropagation of the yellow passionfruit plants through explants of nodal segments, by using some BAP doses (1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 mg L-1) and coconut water (0, 5 and 10% v/v) supplemented to the MS culture medium. The effects of the fusaric acid doses (0,0; 0,10; 0,20 and 0,30mM) were evaluated either on seed germination and the plant development in vitro. Then, the selected plants that were tolerant to the fusaric acid were submitted to filtrate doses of one isolate of the fungus (0, 20, 30, 40 or 50% (v/v)) in order to verify the correlation of the plant reactions to both selective agents. Following, the selected plants were transferred to the substratum composed by autoclaved sand containing the suspension of the fungus spores and were kept in growth chamber for evaluation of the resistance of the plants in vivo. The gamma-radiation doses (0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45 and 60 Gy) were also tested for obtaining the variants in nodal segments of P. edulis f. flavicarpa under in vitro conditions, and the effects from radiation on the increase of the P. edulis f. flavicarpa resistance to the fungus. The culture medium supplemented with 1 mgL-1 BAP was most appropriate to micropropagation of the Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa plants from the explants of nodal segments. The fusaric acid and the fungus culture filtrate were efficient in selecting the yellow passionfruit genotypes that were insensible to the fungus. The gamma radiation dose of 20 Gy is recommended for obtaining the mutants of the yellow passionfruit mutants from the nodal segments. Through radiation with gamma rays, it was possible to obtaining in vitro the yellow passionfruit plants that were insensible to the toxins of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae.
Rocha, Jéssica Raimundo da. "Estudo da evolução metabólica do filtrado da cultura e 5-metilmeleina em micélio do fungo endofítico Phomopsis sp." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2017. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/2565.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Microrganismos endofíticos, que são importantes fontes de compostos bioativos, vêm sendo amplamente estudados devido às propriedades que seus metabólitos apresentam e, em comparação com as plantas hospedeiras, são de mais fácil manipulação em laboratório. Visto que do gênero de fungo endofítico Phomopsis já foram isolados compostos com diferentes atividades biológicas, a investigação dos metabólitos, sejam eles primários ou secundários, presentes no filtrado de sua cultura é de extrema importância. O estudo metabolômico de Phomopsis sp. pode levar ao entendimento das vias de produção dos metabólitos de interesse. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo traçar o perfil metabólico do filtrado da cultura do fungo endofítico Phomopsis sp., um isolado de Syzygium jambolanum DC, através do consumo da dextrose como fonte de carbono e energia durante 6 semanas de cultivo utilizando a técnica de RMN 1H com supressão do sinal da água por NOESY 1D. O enfoque do estudo é. Além disso, foram realizadas cromatografia líquida em coluna e cromatografia em camada delgada com o intuito de isolar compostos a partir de extrato orgânico do micélio. As análises estatísticas tiveram o auxílio dos softwares MatLab® para normalização e quantificação relativa dos dados. Assim, foi possível traçar o perfil metabólico de Phomopsis sp, cultivado em condições de hipóxia, e constatar a ocorrência de rotas redutivas, tais como fermentação alcoólica e Ciclo dos Ácidos Tricarboxílicos redutivo. Também foi possível observar a intensificação da pigmentação amarela, característica desse gênero de fungo, a partir da quarta semana de cultivo, período este que a maioria dos metabólitos primários já não se fazem mais presentes. Através de experimentos de RMN foi possível elucidar a estrutura de uma substância isolada do extrato em clorofórmio do micélio seco do fungo, a 5-metilmeleina. Com base nesses resultados, pode-se inferir que, sob estas condições, o microrganismo estudado realiza fermentação alcoólica durante todo o cultivo. Também foi verificada a ocorrência do Ciclo dos Ácidos Tricarboxílicos redutivo no citosol até a terceira semana de cultivo e, após esse período, a partir da quarta semana o metabolismo secundário é intensificado. É a primeira vez que o metabólito secundário 5-metilmeleina é isolado desse gênero de endofítico.
Hasson-Mouchel, Virginie. "Étude des impacts toxicologiques d'émissions de moteur Diesel en cycle réglementaire : influence de la régénération du filtre à particules et de la qualité du carburant." Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUES009.
Full textThe quality of air is right in the centre of population concerns in terms of health and environment. Motorized traffic is one of the main production sources of anthropogenic origin of atmospheric pollution. To reduce health and environmental impact different regulations were set up (Euro norms, biodiesel blending). To answer these norms the constructors developed different strategies and notably some post-treatment systems among which we can name the Diesel particle filter. However this filter is progressively going to become obstructed, it is necessary to clean it by the soot combustion : it's the regeneration. Therefore, our work consisted in developing a biological tool for assessing in regulation cycle (NEDC) the toxicological impact of Diesel and particularly the impact of regeneration but also the of a biodiesel. Our experiments accomplished on Diesel exhaust of an approved Diesel and a biodiesel in presence with or without regeneration did not allow to notice difference of the pollutant level : regulated and not regulated pollutants. However the biological answer varies according to used Diesel and with or without regeneration of Diesel particulate filter. Approved Diesel exhausts induce a restricted toxic impact while biodiesel leads to a moderate oxidative stress. The presence of regeneration does not change the answer with approved combustible while biodiesel we noticed a major oxidative stress as well as a loss of viability. In vivo, with biodiesel in presence or not of regeneration anti-oxidizing defences allowed to compensate attacks, it was not noticed difference of answers in presence or not of regeneration. To conclude, we developed a discriminating tool able of assessing the biological impact of Diesel exhaust in regulation cycle. Our results show that the only one measure of regulated pollutants do not allow to understand completely the health impact of complex atmosphere
Mailly, Emmanuel. "Culture d'hybridomes en réacteur agité : études cinétiques, modélisation et estimateurs mathématiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL014N.
Full textWith the general objective of animal cell culture processes improvement, a study of hybridoma cultures in stirred bioreactor is realized following three steps : 1)Kinetic studies allowing the determination of the main metabolic schemes including the osmolality influence and the use of LDH as a cellular death physiological marker are made to give quantitative data on the studied strain. 2) A kinetic model describing medium composition and cell density evolutions usable in batch and continuous cultures is determined. 3) Medium composition and cell density evaluations from the measurement of one or two variables are realized coupling the model to mathematical estimation techniques like Extended Kalman Filter. The application of such methods is a prerequisite for further development of animal cell culture command strategies and reactor optimization
Candido, Camila. "Cultivo de Chlorella vulgaris em vinhaça convencional e biodigerida tratadas : uma abordagem ecofisiológica." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7088.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Vinasse is a waste of sugarcane industry and, due to the presence of organic matter and mineral nutrients, it has been used for the irrigation of the sugarcane crops. However, its composition limits such application due to soil salinization. The anaerobic fermentation of vinasse generates biogas that is used as energy source in the sugarcane industry itself. The fermented vinasse results in biodigested vinasse. The development of techniques for residue use can contribute to cleaner production systems. In this research, we evaluated treated conventional and biodigested vinasses for the growth of Chlorella vulgaris. The treatment consisted of filtering the vinasses through smectite clay and activated carbon, or centrifugation. Concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% of treated vinasses were tested. Cell density, absorbance at 570 nm, pH and electrolyte conductivity were quantified daily in a six day experiment. Based in cell density, specific growth rates were calculated. Growth rates higher than the controls were obtained in 60% conventional filtered vinasse and 10% conventional centrifuged one, as well as in 80% biodigested filtered vinasse and 20% biodigested centrifuged vinasse. In general, the filtered vinasse was superior in relation to the centrifuged one regarding higher residue concentration that supported microalgae growth. After microalgae acclimation we evaluated the photosynthetic performance of C. vulgaris in the best vinasses conditions and the biochemical composition of the biomass present in the vinasse, which besides the microalgae contained other microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, since it was not sterilized. Specific growth rate for C. vulgaris in 60% filtered conventional vinasse was 1.6 d-1 and 1.5 d-1 in the 80% filtered biodigested vinasse, representing increases of up to 84 x in cell density compared to the initial. In the LC Oligo control the growth rate was ~ 0.9 d-1 and in the BG11 it was 1,1 d-1. Although the better C. vulgaris growth in the treated vinasses, photosynthetic efficiency and its related parameters were better in the control than in the vinasses. These results together with those of chlorophyll a concentration suggest that the microalgae have possibly used a mixotrophic metabolism while in the vinasses. We observed higher biomass accumulation in the vinasses than in the controls. A reduction of total dissolved organic carbon and dissolved mineral elements up to 50%, as well as bacteria and fungi, were detected in the vinasse after microalgae growth. This study is a contribution to the knowledge of microalgae physiology in a residue and to the development of cleaner ethanol production system.
A vinhaça é um resíduo da indústria sucroalcooleira que, devido à presença de matéria orgânica e nutrientes minerais, tem sido utilizada para fertirrigação das próprias culturas de cana-deaçúcar. Porém, a composição desse resíduo limita sua aplicação no solo, pois pode levá-lo à salinização. A fermentação anaeróbia da vinhaça gera biogás que é usado como fonte de energia para a própria usina. Essa fermentação resulta na vinhaça biodigerida. Técnicas que permitam utilizar as vinhaças, convencionais ou biodigeridas, contribuem para um sistema de produção mais limpo e rentável. Propusemos nesta pesquisa, avaliar o uso de vinhaça tratada. Para tanto usamos vinhaça convencional e biodigerida, filtradas em argila esmectita e carvão ativado, ou centrifugadas. Nelas cultivamos Chlorella vulgaris (BEYERINCK, 1890). As vinhaças tratadas foram testadas em concentrações de 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 e 100%. Avaliamos diariamente a densidade celular, absorbância em 570 nm, pH e condutividade eletrolítica ao longo de seis dias. Com os resultados de densidade celular, calculamos as taxas de crescimento para cada tratamento. Os melhores crescimentos se deram em vinhaça convencional filtrada 60% e centrifugada 10% e, em vinhaça biodigerida filtrada 80% e centrifugada 20%. Em geral, as vinhaças filtradas suportaram o crescimento das microalgas em concentrações superiores em relação às centrifugadas. A produção de biomassa foi maior nos filtrados em comparação com centrifugados. Após aclimatação da microalga em vinhaça avaliaram-se os parâmetros fotossintéticos e bioquímicos da biomassa produzida em vinhaça biodigerida filtrada 80% e em vinhaça convencional centrifugada 60%. Taxas de crescimento específicas de C. vulgaris de 1,6 d-1 foram obtidas na vinhaça filtrada convencional 60% e 1,5 d-1 na biodigerida filtrada 80%, representando aumentos de até 84 x nas densidades celulares em relação às iniciais. No controle LC Oligo esse valor foi de 0,9 d-1 e no BG11 foi de 1,1 d-1. Apesar do melhor crescimento algal nas vinhaças, a eficiência fotossintética e os parâmetros relacionados foram melhores no controle do que nas vinhaças. Esses resultados sugerem que a microalga na vinhaça possa ter utilizado a via mixotrófica como fonte de carbono. Observou-se que houve maior acúmulo de biomassa nos cultivos em vinhaça do que nos controles. Houve redução do conteúdo de carbono orgânico total dissolvido e de elementos minerais na vinhaça em até 50%, bem como da contaminação por fungos e bactérias ao final dos cultivos. Este estudo é uma contribuição para o conhecimento da fisiologia de microalgas em resíduos e para o desenvolvimento de uma produção de etanol mais sustentável.
Lucena, Sérgio. "Commande non linéaire d'un réacteur biologique semi-continu de production de levures." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL143N.
Full textBecerra-Celis, Giuliana. "Proposition de stratégies de commande pour la culture de microalgues dans un photobioréacteur continu." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00426695.
Full textBecerra-Celis, Giuliana. "Proposition de stratégies de commande pour la culture de microalgue dans un photobioréacteur continu." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECAP0014/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the control of closed microalgal photobioreactor. Mathematical modeling and model parameters identification are particularly approached. The kinetics and light transfer model parameters were obtained by fitting the experimental data acquired along the exponential phase of batch cultivation of Porphyridium purpureum under different conditions in the photobioreactor (2.5 liters). Biomass is one of the most valuable variables to control. Because biomass concentration is very difficult to measure on-line, a software sensor for its estimation is proposed. An extended Kalman filter (EKF) is developed, based on a dynamic process model in combination with total inorganic carbon measurement within an algorithm of state observation. This software sensor leads to good results and was experimentally validated in a new bubble column photobioreactor (9.6 liters) which carried different probes and sensors necessary to implement a control system. Several control strategies for microalgae culture were also proposed: non-linear and linear controllers, PID controller, generic model controller (GMC), input-output linerarizing controller and non-linear predictive controller. We illustrated our approaches with numerical simulations which allowed us to choose the most successful strategies and to validate them on the instrumented photobioreactor
Daboussy, Moemen. "Modélisation et estimation d'une culture de Chlamydomonas reinhardtii en photobioréacteur en vue de commande pour la production d'hydrogène." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT2019.
Full textThis work deals with the mathematical analysis of a growth model for the culture of the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in photobioreactor, with the view to control the hydrogen production. The model is able to predict accurately the evolution of the culture therefore it is appropriate for estimation and control strategies. First, a study on the practical identifiability of the model parameters was performed by implementing the sensitivity functions in order to define the parameters that preponderantly influence the growth model. The most significant parameters obtained during the first stage have been identified on an experimental data base, and then the model has been experimentally validated. In the second phase, an observability analysis has been carried out, followed by the implementation of an extended Kalman filter, coupling the model with indirect measurement of the biomass concentration from available on-line data: flow rate and gas composition (i. E. O2 and CO2) at the outlet of the photobioreactor. An experimental validation of the software sensor was performed in a torus photobioreactor. At the end, perspective control strategies aiming to regulate the relevant variables of the process have been proposed
Ogusuku, Soraya. "Avaliação da resposta linfoproliferativa de pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose e indivíduos curados a antígenos de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: filtrado de cultura, gp43 e gp43 tratada com metaperiodato." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5133/tde-29042009-145526/.
Full textParacoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, endemic in latin América, specially Brazil. To better understand the cellular immune responses to different components of the yeast, such as gp43, considered the immunodominant antigen, a culture filtrate free of gp43 (CF), and gp43 treated with metaperiodate, we used lymphoproliferative assays and ELISA to detect the cytokines IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 e IFN-. The results with gp43 were consistent with the literature and previous with data from our Laboratory showing that gp43 is the immunodominant antigen of P. brasiliensis and is likely involved with the anergy of T-cells from patients. With CF we observed positive, but weaker, proliferative responses. It also evidenced the T-cell anergy of patients and the preferential induction of IL-10 in cells from cured controls. The latter can represent a mechanism of anergy induction. With meta, we observed that neither induce proliferative responses nor cytokine secretion, being apparently an inappropriate antigen for use in cellular immunoassays.
VASCONCELOS, JUNIOR Arioldo Carvalho. "Análise da resposta imune celular de pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar ativa contra os antígenos recombinantes MPT-51, GLcB, ESAT-6, Ag 85A e a proteína do filtrado de cultura (CFP) de mycobacterium tuberculosis." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1818.
Full textThis work characterized the specific cellular immune response of TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocytes against recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis at the Hospital Anuar Auad, Goiania Brazil, and constituted of two experimental groups: 1) 22 active TB patients with positive acid fast aputum, X-ray indicative of tuberculosis, smear culture positive for M. tuberculosis and HIV negative. 2) 15 sex and age matched healthy controls, tuberculin skin test and HIV negative. Venous blood was drawn and processed to obtain PBMC that were cultivated for 96 hours with the specific antigens (1mg/106 cells). TCD8 and TCD4 cells were analyzed by flow citometry for IL-10 and IFN-g production. In general, the percentage of positive TCD4 and TCD8 cells for IFN-g and IL-10 were superior among the TB patients. Additionally, TCD4+IFNg+ (5,63±2,43) and IL-10+ (5,83± 2,19) cells were significantly higher in TB patients than in healthy controls (TCD4+IFNg+ =1,75±0,71 and IL-10+ =1,47±0,90), (p<0,01). Regarding the percentage of TCD8 cells, a higher percentage of IFNg+ (4,33±1,45) and IL-10+ (4,01±1,14) among TB patients than controls (TCD8+IFNg+ = 1,49±0,42 and IL- 10+ 1,62±0,59) was observed (p<0,01). TB treatment did not alter the response to the tested antigens immediately after the treatment initiation. In conclusion, the recombinant antigens MPT-51, ESAT-6, GLcB, Ag85A were recognized by the specific immune response of active TB patients. Key words: Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Recombinant antigens, Cellular immune response. to the tested antigens immediately after the treatment initiation. In conclusion, the recombinant antigens MPT-51, ESAT-6, GLcB, Ag85A were recognized by the specific immune response of active TB patients.
Este trabalho avaliou a resposta imune celular dos linfócitos TCD4 e TCD8 de pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar ativa antes e após o tratamento, contra os antígenos recombinantes MPT-51, ESAT-6, GLcB, Ag85A e o Filtrado Protéico de Cultura (CFP) de Mycobacterium tuberculosis atendidos no Hospital de Doenças Tropicais Anuar Auad. A população de estudo, composta de 37 indivíduos, foi dividida em dois grupos experimentais. 1) 22 pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar, selecionados de acordo com idade, diagnóstico confirmado por baciloscopia (BAAR), radiografia evidente de tuberculose, HIV1/2 negativos. 2) 15 controles saudáveis negativos para prova tuberculinica (PT) e HIV1/2, pareados por faixa etária e sexo aos pacientes selecionados. Coletou-se aproximadamente 20 ml de sangue com heparina. O sangue total foi processado e cultivado por 96 horas na presença dos antígenos recombinantes e os linfócitos TCD4 e TCD8 foram analisados quanto à positividade para as citocinas IL-10 e IFN-g por citometria de fluxo. As porcentagens de linfócitos responsivos aos diversos antígenos de M. tuberculosis apresentaram-se em geral superiores aos controles. A porcentagem dos linfócitos TCD4+IFNg+ (5,63±2,43) e IL-10+ (5,83±2,19) foram maiores em pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar ativa em comparação com os linfócitos TCD4+IFNg+ (1,75±0,71) e IL-10+ (1,47±0,90) dos controles (p<0,01). Também, as porcentagens dos linfócitos TCD8+IFNg+ (4,33±1,45) e IL-10+ (4,01 ±1,14) dos pacientes foram maiores que os linfócitos TCD8+IFNg+ (1,49±0,42) e IL-10+ (1,62±0,59) dos controles (p<0,01). Não houve diferença significativa antes (5,63±2,43) e após (5,0±2,0) o tratamento nas populações celulares TCD4+ e TCD8+ positivas para IFN-g e IL-10 quando estimuladas com o painel de antígenos (p>0,05). Com estes resultados podemos considerar que todos os antígenos testados (MPT-51, ESAT-6, GLcB, Ag85A) são reconhecidos pelos linfócitos TCD4+ e TCD8+ de pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar ativa.
Deborah, Hilda. "Towards spectral mathematical morphology." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2328/document.
Full textProviding not only spatial information but also spectral measure as a function of wavelength, hyperspectral imaging boasts a much greater gain in accuracy than the traditional color imaging. And for this capability, hyperspectral imaging has been employed for quality control, inspection of materials in various fields. However, to fully exploit this potential, it is important to process the spectral data as a measure. This induces the need of metrology where accuracy, uncertainty, and bias are managed at every level of processing.Aiming at developing a metrological image processing framework for spectral data, we select to develop a nonlinear approach using the mathematical morphology framework and extended it to the spectral domain by means of a distance-based ordering relation. A novel spectral distance function and spectral ordering relation are proposed, in addition of a new analysis tools based on spectral differences. To ensure the validity of the spectral mathematical morphology framework, rigorous theoretical validation and metrological assessment are carried out at each development stages. So, protocols for quality assessment of spectral image processing tools are developed. These protocols consist of artificial datasets to validate completely the theoretical requirements, datasets with known characteristics to assess the robustness and stability, and datasets from real cases to proof the usefulness of the framework on applicative context. The application tasks themselves are within the cultural heritage domain, where the target images come from pigments and paintings
Hyperspektral avbildning muliggjør mye mer nøyaktige målinger enn tradisjonelle gråskala og fargebilder, gjennom både høy romlig og spektral oppløsning (funksjon av bølgelengde). På grunn av dette har hyperspektral avbildning blitt anvendt i økende grad ulike applikasjoner som kvalitetskontroll og inspeksjon av materialer. Men for å fullt ut utnytte sitt potensiale, er det viktig å være i stand til å behandle spektrale bildedata som målinger på en gyldig måte. Dette induserer behovet for metrologi, der nøyaktighet, usikkerhet og skjevhet blir adressert og kontrollert på alle nivå av bildebehandlingen.Med sikte på å utvikle et metrologisk rammeverk for spektral bildebehandling valgte vi en ikke-lineær metodikk basert på det etablerte matematisk morfologi-rammeverket. Vi har utvidet dette rammeverket til det spektrale domenet ved hjelp av en avstandsbasert sorteringsrelasjon. En ny spektral avstandsfunksjon og nye spektrale sorteringsrelasjoner ble foreslått, samt nye verktøy for spektral bildeanalyse basert på histogrammer av spektrale forskjeller.For å sikre gyldigheten av det nye spektrale rammeverket for matematisk morfologi, har vi utført en grundig teoretisk validering og metrologisk vurde-ring på hvert trinn i utviklingen. Dermed er og-så nye protokoller for kvalitetsvurdering av spektrale bildebehandlingsverktøy utviklet. Disse protokollene består av kunstige datasett for å validere de teoretiske måletekniske kravene, bildedatasett med kjente egenskaper for å vurdere robustheten og stabiliteten, og datasett fra reelle anvendelser for å bevise nytten av rammeverket i en anvendt sammenheng. De valgte anvendelsene er innenfor kulturminnefeltet, hvor de analyserte bildene er av pigmenter og malerier
Cho, Donghee. "Mycobacterium paratuberculosis culture filtrate antigens." 2006. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
Full textLiu, Yi-Chung, and 劉益忠. "Microencapsulation of lao-chao culture filtrate." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89348594902873658487.
Full text國立臺灣大學
畜產學研究所
90
Microencapsulation of lao-chao culture filtrate by Liu, Yi-Chung ABSTRACT Lao-chao is a traditional Chinese fermented rice product with a sweet and fruity flavor, containing high levels of glucose, a little alcohol and milk-clotting characteristics. In order to optimize commercial production of lao-chao, Rhizopus javanicus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were selected as the mold and yeast starter, respectively. A commercial mixed starter (chiu-yao) was used as control. Fermentation of the experimental combination revealed a sharp drop in pH (to 4) on the fourth day, remaining constant thereafter. Content of reducing sugars gradually decreased throughout the entire fermentation period. Of the free amino acids, higher quantities of alanine, leucine, proline, glutamic acid, glutamine and NH3 were noted. For sugars, glucose revealed the highest concentration, while organic acid levels, including those for oxalic, lactic, citric and pyroglutamic acid, increased throughout the fermentation period. Twenty one volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography from aroma concentrates of the lao-chao culture filtrate, prepared using the headspace method. For the flavor components, higher quantities of ethanol, fusel oil and ester were determined in both culture filtrates. Moreover, the study was conducted to comprehend the factors affecting the microencapsulation of the culture filtrates from lao-chao. An attempt of selecting pure culture was made, Rhi. javanicus and S. cerevisiae was chosen as a mold and yeast starter for production of lao-chao. The wall materials of the microencapsulation system were maltodextrin and gum Arabic in the ratio of 3 to 2. Light and white index of microcapsules gradually decreased throughout the inlet temperature from 90 to 110℃. The retention of microcapsules increased and particle size decreased throughout the wall material concentrations from 30 to 60%. In the ratio of four wall materials to one core, they maintained the best flavor retention rate of microcapsules. A response surface design was used for studying the optimum producing models of lao-chao culture filtrate microcapsules. Results indicated that the best retention 74.13% of microcapsules could be obtained by the inlet temperature 101.4℃, wall material concentrations 54% and in a ratio of four wall materials to one core. As for milk curd, we had studied the effects of lao-chao culture filtrate microcapsules added on the curd firmness, viscosity, and syneresis. Results indicated that the addition of 10% microcapsules was proper for the curd. As a result, it is achievable to develop a flavor reagent with microencapsulated lao-chao culture filtrate and to provide the point of reference for a curd product. In fact, we still study to produce a good yield of lao-chao culture filtrate microcapsules to be used for systematic production.
Su, Lieh-Chi, and 蘇烈頎. "Characterization of curd made with lao-chao culture filtrate and probiotics." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64741022310004264679.
Full text國立臺灣大學
畜產學研究所
93
The purpose of the study is to combine the physiological functionality of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum) and the milk-clotting activity of culture filtrate from lao-chao to develop a new dairy product which was different from the commercial yogurt. Rhizopus javanicus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were chosen as a mold and yeast starter for production of culture filtrate. The probiotics of this dairy product grows well. The increase of β-galactosidase activity, lactic acid and acetic acid content accompany long incubation time. The more incubation time prolonged, the more curd firmness and syneresis increased. It is especially prominent when incubating time more than 2 hours. Storage results showed both L. acidophilus and B. longum exhibited excellent stability for 14 days at 4℃ in curd made with lao-chao culture filtrate. The suggested percentage of culture filtrate is 8-10% which has better effectiveness on the flavor and texture of this product. Microencapsulation of probiotics and culture filtrates from lao-chao by spray-drying was also examined. The effect of moisture, water activity, particle density, encapsulated product size distribution, microencapsulation efficiency, milk-clotting activity, structure of the powders and viability of microencapsulated probiotics were studied. Among the various outlet air temperatures, probiotics showed the higher survival after drying in the lower outlet air temperatures. The survival of probiotics in simulated gastric juice and 0.3% oxgall was good since microencapsulation preventing probiotics from acid and oxgall damage. The milk-clotting activity has no significant differences during 5-week storage period. The survival percentage of 4℃ microcapsules is higher than 25℃ group. Among varied antioxidant activity examined, yogurt has the highest inhibition of ascorbate autoxidation. The reducing activities among different treatments were 29.19-80.31%. The chelating effects of various treatments on ferrous ion showed that lao-chao culture filtrate, curd made with lao-chao culture filtrate, and yogurt were 88.88, 92.18, and 80.58% respectively. The rehydration of microcapsules made with various outlet air temperatures exert higher scavenging effects on superoxide anion. This study intents to develop a new oriental flavor dairy product and provide consumer multi-choices. This product is full of nutrition and meets the increasing health needs across the globe.
Tsai, Yen-Hui, and 蔡雁暉. "Antioxidant properties of filtrate and polysaccharide from Antrodia camphorata in submerged culture." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24359553582053768519.
Full text國立中興大學
食品科學系
90
The aim of this thesis was to investigate the antioxidant properties of six polysaccharides that extracted from Antrodia camphorata in submerged culture (ACSC) using Chang liver cells. Polysaccharide extracts were prepared from filtrate (PEF) and mycelia of ACSC. The mycelia of ACSC were extracted with cold and hot water to obtain the polysaccharide PEMC and PEMH, respectively. PEMC, PEMH and PEF were dialyzed (MW cut off =12 KD) to obtain large MW polysaccharides (h-PEMC, h-PEMH and h-PEF). To estimate antioxidant properties of those polysaccharides, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay was used. To determine DNA protective effects on H2O2-treated (50 M) Chang liver cells, six polysaccharides were pre-incubated with cells for 5h and then treated with H2O2 for the further 30 min. On the other hand, a reverse treatment order of polysaccharides and H2O2, as mention above, were also employed in DNA repair study. DNA damage was monitored with comet assay and 8-hydroxydeoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG) formation. As to antioxidant mechanisms confirming, we determined the antioxidant defense system (glutathione peroxidase, GPx; glutathione reductase, GRd; Glutathione S-transferase, GST; and both reduced and oxidized form of glutathione, GSH & GSSG) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in polysaccharides per-incubated Chang liver cells (ultimately treat with H2O2). PEMH and h-PEMH was the top two polysaccharides with an ORAC value about 3.4 M trolox equivalent. In addition to antioxidant property, PEMH and h-PEMH (200 g/ml) pre-incubated with Chang liver cells could reduce the DNA damage induced by following H2O2 treatment (% tail DNA reduced from 43 to 8%). In the same experimental conditions, the 8-OHdG content was diminished than control in Chang liver cells that had been pre-incubated with all the six polysaccharides. In the DNA repair study, all the six polysaccharides repaired DNA damage (% tail DNA reduced from 41% to a range between 15-25%) and reduced 8-OHdG content completely in H2O2-treated Chang liver cells. These results indicated that polysaccharides extract from ACSC might protect and repair DNA damage in oxidative treat cells (depend on treatment orders). When Chang liver cells pre-incubated with those polysaccharides and H2O2 in order, the GST activity in h-PEMC, PEMH and PEF were increased (1.62, 1.50, and 1.49 times, respectively). On the contrary, GPx and GRd activity were decreased. The GSH/GSSG ratio, however, raised under the same experimental condition. This result revealed that the protective and reparative effects of polysaccharides extracted from ACSC might be associated with GST activity increasing and the Chang of intracellular antioxidant status. Finally, we purified and analyzed the sugar constituents of high MW polysaccharides. In the whole chromatographic condition, h-PEMH showed only one peak and it was a polysaccharides-protein complex; h-PEMC showed two peaks and one of which bound with protein (h-PEMC-1), but the other was not (h-PEMC-2); and the last h-PEF showed two peaks which were all pure polysaccharides. The main sugar component of the six polysaccharides was glucose, and moreover, xylose, galactose, arabinose, and mannose were the else. In conclusion, polysaccharides extracts from ASCS is able to protect cell oxidative damage of cell induced by H2O2. The possible mechanisms may involve in GST activity raising, intracellular antioxidant status altering.
Suchen-Wang and 王素蓁. "Effect of Rices as Carbon Source of Culturing Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Intracellular Trehalose Content and Functional Evalution of Culture Filtrate." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83123594471761635460.
Full text大葉大學
生物科技碩士在職學位學程
103
Trehalose is a non-reducing sugar, which exist in various living organism. It possess multiple functions such as moisture, thermal stability, antifreeze, anti-drying protective effect of biological macromolecules to make organism be self-protection in harsh environmental conditions. Previously, we have completed the optimization of adversity fermentation conditions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to effectively improve the extraction rate of intracellular trehalose. In this study we plan to use different enzyme (i.e. Lysozyme, Lyticase and Trypsin). The result shows that as pretreatment method to break down the cell wall at 30-50 ℃ for 15-60 min, the enzyme pretreatment strategy did not give significant improvement on intracellular trehalose extraction rate. After different extraction methods, the highest intracellular trehalose accumulation amount (74.8±9.14 mg/g) was obtained by high-temperature extraction which is at least 35 % higher than that of boiling extraction method. The natural starch products such as yam flour, glutinous rice flour and rice flour will be used to replace the carbon source of commercial culture medium. The effect of different culture medium on intracellular accumulation of trehalose and the physiological activity (such as anti-oxidation, anti-bacterial, whitening and lowering blood pressure) of secondary metabolites of fermentation were analyzed and discussed. The normal fermentation and reverse fermentation of commercial medium secondary metabolite that experiments result of antioxidant analysis was 16.1 ± 0.8% and 15.3 ± 0.3%, respectively. In comparison with commercial media, the lowest antioxidant capcity (3.2±1.8%) was obtained by rice flour, whereas other gave good radical scavenging ability. For the tyrosinase inhibition rate, the results of normal fermentation and stress fermentation of rice flour were 61.0 ± 2.7% and 58.9 ± 1.8%, respectively, which is at least 30% higher than the that of normal fermentation of yam powder. Such process not only can reduce the accumulation of waste generated after stress fermentation, and also the development of new functional products, which effectively to promote their production and application. Key Words : Culture broth, Saccharomyces cescerevisiae, Stress fermentation,Trehalose
Shin-Yun, Hsu, and 許馨云. "Selection of disease resistant plantlets of Oryza sativa var. Japonica Taiken 9 induced with culture filtrate of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54808613468933670588.
Full text國立屏東科技大學
植物保護系所
95
The purposes of this study were to select the bacterial leaf blight- resistant plants of rice, to develop the technologies of disease-resistant selection and callus induction of Oryza sativa var. Japonica Taiken 9 through plant tissue culture. In the technique of disease-resistant selection, added 108 cfu/ml X. oryzae pv. oryzae in 100 ml YPDA liquid medium and the culture filtrate of X. oryzae pv. oryzae cultured for 72 hours as the selection agent provided the best selection result. The callus, little than 2 mm in diameter, were treated with the agent, added 1.5 g callus in 20 ml culture filtrate of X. oryzae pv. oryzae 6 days after selection, which could result in the browning index of callus about 72.83-79.93%. In the culture conditions of the callus induction of Oryza sativa var. Japonica Taiken 9, CS-1 medium containing 2 mg/l 2,4-D and 2.8 g/l proline, at 5600-6200 lux light intensity for 45 days had the best result in callus formation. The fresh weight of callus per seed about 0.214 g,and this method could induced nodular callus. In order to select the bacterial leaf blight-resistant plants of rice, using the culture filtrate of X. oryzae pv. oryzae as the selection agent, and the selection method was to select with the crude culture filtrate of X. oryzae pv. oryzae twice (the first and second selection) and then selected with concentrated one fold culture filtrate of X. oryzae pv. oryzae once (the third selection). The resistant callus lines and nonresistant callus lines were 23.21% and 76.79% in the first selection, the second selection were 15.04% and 84.96%, and the third selection were 4.75% and 95.25%. The plantlets regeneration rate of the resistant callus lines and nonresistant callus lines were 1.20% and 8.17% in the first selection, the second selection were 8.24% and 0%, and there were not regenerated any plantlets all of them in the third selection. Inoculated 5 plants regenerated from the resistant callus lines (browning level 0), 35 plants (browning level 1) and 19 plants (browning level 2-3) regenerated from the nonresistant callus lines and 47 plants of Oryza sativa var. Japonica Taiken 9 with X. oryzae pv. oryzae, respectively. The disease-resistant plants obtained from these inoculated plants were 2 plants (40%), 14 plants (48.57%) and 5 plants (26.32%), on the contrary, all the plants of Oryza sativa var. Japonica Taiken 9 were sensitivity to X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Inoculated the self-pollinated progeny (cfXoo-1-1 F1 and cfXoo-1-6 F1) of bacterial leaf blight-resistant plants and Oryza sativa var. Japonica Taiken 9 with X. oryzae pv. oryzae to detect the inheritance of resistibility. The disease-resistant plants obtained from these inoculated plants were 8 plants (42.1%), 15 plants (35.7%), and all the plants of Oryza sativa var. Japonica Taiken 9 with X. oryzae pv. oryzae were sensible.
Hitchick, Nola. "Tuberculosis: Prospects for an Oral Vaccine Using Novel Antigens and Adjuvants." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/25001.
Full textMasters Thesis
Hitchick, Nola. "Tuberculosis: Prospects for an Oral Vaccine Using Novel Antigens and Adjuvants." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/25001.
Full textMasters Thesis
Chen, Ying-Ju, and 陳盈如. "Application of Mild Strain for Cross Protection and Culture Filtrate Derived from Soil Microorganisms on Management of Disease Caused by Cucumber mosaic virus." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49663826949124118974.
Full text國立臺灣大學
植物醫學碩士學位學程
104
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is an economically important plant viruses with a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range. We aim to use two strategies to manage disease caused by CMV on crops. One is to develop cross protection by utilization of mild strain virus and the other is to induce plant resistance in plant by treatment of culture filtrate derived from fungi (NTU1F8) isolated from soil. We first conducted our strategies on Nicotiana benthamiana. The result showed that 2b gene-partial deleted CMV induced only mild symptom on N. benthamiana and protect plant from infection by different severe strains of CMV. In addition, the treatment of culture filtrate of NTU1F8, can obviously decrease infection rate, delay symptom development and decrease virus accumulation. We also found pretreatment of N. benthamiana and Brassica juncea with culture filtrate of NTU1F8 following inoculation of Turnip mosaic virus could also decrease the infection rate and disease severity.
Shih, Ru-Yan, and 施如妍. "Effects of combinations of pure cultures and adding broth filtrate from traditional kombucha on the kombucha." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58913738453032660385.
Full text國立中興大學
食品科學系
87
The tea fungus (commonly named as “kombucha”) is a symbiotic culture of having acetic acid bacteria and yeasts as two major microorganisms. The tea fungus is composed of two portions, a floating cellulose pellicle layer and the sour liquid broth. Acetic acid, ethanol, and gluconic acid, are the major components found in the liquid broth. The fermentation is traditionally carried out by transplanting a symbiotic culture, accompanied with the product cellulose, into a freshly prepared, sucrose-containing black tea under aerobic conditions for 7-10 days. Until now only little literature was available on physiology and metabolic pathway of tea fungus. In last year, we examined possibility of preparing the tea fungus by pure culture method of using acetic acid bacteria and yeast isolates as starter. It was found that the metabolism rate of microorganisms in the tea fungus by the pure culture method was slower than that of the traditional one; however, if the former was enriched with a tea fungus broth, not only was the metabolism rate of the microorganisms markedly enhanced, but also was the product profile different from the traditional one. In this study, the influences of different cultivation methods including a pure culture method, pure culture methods but enriched with a sterile tea fungus broth or metabolite such as the mesoinositol, glycerol from yeast, and the traditional one, on the chemical composition and microbial activity of the tea fungus were investigated. The substance that facilitated the symbiosis between the bacteria and yeast was determined in this study. In the study of using the pure cultures of Pichia membranaefaciens YL-01, Acetobacter xylinum AL-01 and Acetobacter aceti AL-02 as starters, it was found that if the culture was enriched with a traditional tea fungus broth, the metabolism rate of the microorganisms was faster than that of traditional one, but the production of cellulose was lower. In addition, the metabolism rate was not increased by adding 0.5﹪inositol to the pure culture. Therefore, inositol was probably not responsible forstimulating the metabolic activity in the tea fungus. Schizosaccharomyces pombe K-2 was more suitable than Pichia membranaefaciensYL-01 did in the preparation of the tea fungus by pure cultures. The sucrose utilization rate in pure cultures depended upon yeast strains used, the rate was higher when ever S. pombe K-2 and traditional tea fungus broth were used. The utilization of sugars and alcohol production of S. pombe K-2 alone were better than those of P. membranaefaciensYL-01. The stimulating effect exerted by the addition of traditional culture broth to pure cultures of tea fungus was effective to broth acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. For yeasts, both sugar utilization and alcohol production were enhanced. For acetic acid bacteria, productions of both acetic acid and cellulose of A. xylinum AL-01 were increased; while only the production of gluconic acid by A. aceti AL-02 was stimulated. The production of both acetic acid and gluconic acid by pure culture were similar to that of adding traditional culture both if 0.5~1.0﹪glycerol or 0.5﹪acetic acid was added to pure cultures; however, the effect due to the addition of 0.5﹪gluconic acid was indiscernible.
Razaki, Ryad Adebola. "C.A.M.E.L.E.O. : a cultural adaptation methodology for E-learning environment optimization." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7223.
Full textValentis, Georgios. "Épuration par cultures fixées sur support géotextile." Phd thesis, 1988. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00574109.
Full textJerbi, Ahmed. "Effet de l’irrigation par l’eau usée sur la biomasse aérienne et souterraine d’une culture intensive de saules en courtes rotations." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11221.
Full textThe aim of this study was to understand the effect of both wastewater and/or mineral fertilisation on above- and belowground biomass of a Salix miyabeana SX67 willow SRC in a filter vegetation context. We firstly assessed the impact of various doses of wastewater and/or mineral fertilization on biomass yield after two season growth. On the other hand and during the same period we estimated root production and assessed vertical root distribution and roots morphology in response to various treatments doses. The results showed that after two years of growth both mineral fertilization and wastewater sewage fertilization enhanced willow aboveground biomass yields, with a more accurate effect due to wastewater irrigation than the mineral fertilization. We recorded high biomass yields such as 39.4 Mg ha-1 and 54.7 Mg ha-1 respectively for unfertilized and fertilized plants plots which benefits with the largest amount of wastewater (D3-NF and D3-F). We found that most of the roots were contained in top soil layers with 92-96% of the total roots (including fine and coarse roots) concentrated within the first 40 cm of soil depth, fine root biomass ranged between 1.01 and 1, 99 Mg ha-1. Neither mineral fertilization nor wastewater sewage irrigation showed an effect on total or fine roots biomass yields. Although we found a statistically significant decrease prior to wastewater treatments, this reduction was not linear (with a decrease of the biomass from D0 to D1, increased from D1 to D2 to go down again from D2 to D3). This pattern suggests that beyond a certain amount of water and nutrients (due to irrigation with wastewater) the development of the willow root system is negatively affected, and although the aboveground biomass remained high in the D3 treatment, we believe that the development of the plant was somewhat unbalanced. No significant changes were found in the deep morphological traits related to irrigation with sewage wastewater.