Academic literature on the topic 'Culture conflict – political aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Culture conflict – political aspects"
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Kamau, Joyce. "The Role of Political and Cultural Aspects, in Shaping the Course of Conflict & Negotiation in Africa." Journal of Strategic Management 6, no. 5 (August 30, 2022): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4069.
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The Bible says that, a man’s wisdom gives him patience, it’s to his glory to overlook an offence (Proverbs: 19:11). Conflicts are a common phenomenon in every society and knowing the best negotiation skills to employ is an advantage to everyone. The African continent has not been spared on issues of conflicts especially those that are politically instigated. Poor levels of education and issues of greed could be some of the contributions to the politically originated conflict issues. This paper seeks to critically analyze the role of cultural aspects in shaping the course of conflict & Negotiation in Africa. This paper has also looked at various approaches to conflict resolution through mediation and negotiation. The issues affecting effective conflict resolution have also been addressed. The conclusion brings about various ways to manage conflicts and to handle negotiations. Keywords: Conflict, political, culture, negotiation.
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Grachev, A. V., and A. S. Savoskina. "AESTHETIZED IDEOLOGY – THE CONFLICT NODE OF CULTURE." Review of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Humanitarian research, no. 33 (2021): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36809/2309-9380-2021-33-25-29.
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The article considers the ideological aspect of cultural integrity. It is shown that ideology is inherently conflictual. The ideological conflict has clearly expressed aesthetic aspects. The mechanisms of using aesthetic means and techniques in political struggle (colors, symbols, slogans) are shown. The manipulative possibilities of aesthetic means are particularly emphasized.
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Pratiwi, Oktafiani C., Sofa Marwah, and Wita Ramadhanti. "Cross-culture analysis of batik sub-culture Pekalongan: A case study on the complexity dimensions of representation, diversity and conflict." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 37, no. 1 (March 13, 2024): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v37i12024.46-59.
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Pekalongan batik sub-culture development is influenced by three cultures namely Javanese, Chinese and Arabic. Most studies of batik use a cultural and socioeconomic analysis by focusing mainly its cultural aspects. This research aims to analysis transformation of social and economic assets, by using a different perspective namely cross-cultural theory and democratization framework in order to explain the political economic contestation among the entrepreneurs. This research uses Robert Dahl’s conceptual framework regarding the development of democracy and only uses three of the seven relevant aspects, namely: (a) representation, (b) diversity, and (c) conflict. Case studies as a qualitative methodology are used with in-depth interview techniques, observation and literature reviews as data collection tools. The results of this study are, Pekalongan batik sub-culture has formed a kind of long acculturation formation in the cultural perspective, but secondly it also contributes to develop a kind of political contestation, conflicts and gender-bias political practices This study concludes that regional autonomy and decentralization policies have created space for political contestation and opened up opportunities to transform the social/economic capital of batik entrepreneurs as assets for political contestation and have even raised the issue of identity politics.
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Hellström, Eeva. "Conflict cultures – Qualitative Comparative Analysis of environmental conflicts in forestry." Silva Fennica Monographs 2001, no. 2 (2001): 1–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/sf.sfm2.
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Owing to the internationalisation of the forestry debate and forest policy, there is growing need to conduct comparative forest policy research at an international scale. This research compares environmental confl icts in forestry in seven cases during 1984–1995. The cases include Finland, France, Minnesota USA, Norway, Pacifi c Northwest USA, Sweden and West Germany. The research is based on the notion that each society has its own ‘cultural’ ways of producing and managing environmental confl icts in forestry, depending on the social, political, economic, and resource characteristics of the society. The purpose of the study is to describe these confl ict cultures, to identify and analyse the societal aspects that impact them, and to discuss the implications of understanding confl icts as cultural phenomena. The research is based on focused interviews of multiple actors related to forest management and protection. For the data analysis, a ‘hermeneutic’ (interpretative and understanding) approach is introduced to Qualitative Comparative Analysis, the use of which has been dominated by causal applications. As a result of the analysis, models of confl ict cultures and confl ict management strategies are constructed. The model of confl ict cultures indicates three basic dimensions of confl ict culture, and defi nes how they are related to each other. These dimensions are mild vs. intense confl icts, separatist vs. co-operative relations between actors and stability vs. change in forest resource policy and use. The model of confl ict management strategies indicates to what extent the different cases place emphasis on interactive vs. institutional confl ict management, and the management of confl icting (sub)cultures within the society vs. the confl ict culture of the society.
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Vartanova, Elena L., and Denis V. Dunas. "Media conflictology as a field of research: working out theoretical approaches." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 28, no. 4 (December 15, 2023): 724–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2023-28-4-724-733.
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The authors discuss both the main approaches in existing media and conflict studies that examine the relationship and interaction between media and conflict, and using theoretical mapping construct the media conflictology as a field of knowledge. The conceptual blocks of media conflictology as an integral field of research are defined and its structure is proposed. Thus, media conflictology as an emerging field of research includes the study of groups involved in media conflict, counting various Internet communities and other subjects of media communication; the stages of conflict represented in the media and the influence of media communication on the “life cycle” of conflict; the totality of the causes of media representation of conflict, with political, ideological and ethno-cultural factors; the analysis of the external context of conflict representation in the media, as well as the national media system, politics and regulation, communication culture and axiological aspects of conflict. A key feature of media conflict studies is the focus of academic attention on media representations and media effects of conflicts, rather than on the conflicts themselves.
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Avtsinova, G. I., and M. Naseri. "Current state of the political culture of Afghanistan." Post-Soviet Issues 10, no. 4 (April 15, 2024): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2023-10-4-365-373.
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The article is devoted to one of the important issues of the development of the political space, political system, political life, and ideological and cultural structure of modern Afghan society. The article attempts to analyze and discuss various aspects of the current state of the political culture of Afghanistan. The main attention is paid to the attitude of citizens to politics and the political regime of the Taliban (organization banned in Russia). Afghanistan’s current political culture is based on the models and values of the Taliban government. They rely on traditionalist political models. The implementation of modern political processes, such as elections, is not far from being able to question the power of representatives. It can be argued that political culture is the link between people and political power. The main task of political culture is to include people in the political system of society and political activities. Political culture is a system of political knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and values, as well as political activities of political subjects. For example, political culture manifests itself differently in different social groups and communities, political movements, and individuals. The study of the current state of the political culture of Afghanistan allows us to conclude that today the level of conflict is quite high, the mood of the Afghan society is at a disorganized level. A controversial political culture prevails in Afghan society. This conflict can be seen in social differences, institutional weakness, society’s distrust of functioning authority, and cultural differences.
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Nagaichuk, Andrei F. "Socio-political technology of war and armed conflict: Some aspects of history and modernity." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 37, no. 2 (2021): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.208.
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The theme of war worries everyone in the modern world, it is the most dangerous and large-scale socio-political conflict that has the prospect of developing to the level of a global catastrophe, characterized as the “third world war”, “nuclear war”, “war with weapons of mass destruction”, etc. Furthermore, the theme includes the whole complex of knowledge and events that affect all spheres of social life and the scientific knowledge. Owing to its pervasive and multidimensional nature, war is studied simultaneously within the framework of military history, economic and the managerial paradigms, political-legal and the psychological realms of research. At the same time, there is almost no serious and detailed study of this type of conflict within conflictology, aimed at presenting an integrated and an interdisciplinary approach to the most dangerous form of a large-scale conflict. The article is an attempt to understand the essence and nature of war, its types and the forms of its manifestation, the foundations of war, technology for the development of this violent social-political conflict and the goals and functions it performs. The methods of theoretical analysis of a specific conflict situation, war and armed conflict, abstraction, specification, analysis, classification, procedure of terms and data operationalization and interpretation are used. Applied research methods are also used (document analysis, observation, etc.). As a result, a socio-political model for analyzing the technology of war is proposed, which characterizes its base, structural elements (tools, methods, procedures, techniques, operations), and algorithm. In conclusion, derivative knowledge about the main socio-political methods and technologies for study, analysis of modern wars and armed conflicts, their peaceful regulation and peacekeeping is proposed.
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Deets, Stephen. "Wizarding in the Classroom: Teaching Harry Potter and Politics." PS: Political Science & Politics 42, no. 04 (September 25, 2009): 741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104909650999014x.
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This article describes teaching a course called Harry Potter and Politics. Focusing on aspects of political culture, the class tackled themes of identity, institutional behavior, and globalization. Teaching Harry Potter has several benefits. Students are both familiar with the wizarding world and yet have enough distance to examine it dispassionately. The book is driven by ethnic conflict, political power struggles, and dysfunctional bureaucracies. Finally, there is an academic literature on the books. Beyond Harry Potter, teaching politics through popular culture is not only natural for addressing political culture, but taps into the ways undergraduates are increasingly experiencing politics.
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Shap, Kacey. "Island in the street: analyzing the function of gang violence from a culture and conflict perspective." Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 6, no. 2 (April 8, 2014): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jacpr-11-2012-0009.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine the components of a gang culture in conflict with society, and second, to explore how gangs, the community, and law enforcers externalize the gang problem from the vantage point of worldview and worldmaking. Design/methodology/approach – The researcher gathered news articles from the Nexus-Lexis research database system within a one-year period (from February 2012 to February 2013). The data was randomly selected and representative of newspapers published throughout the USA. The news articles were coded based upon the aspects of culture (lens of perception, motives for human behaviors, criteria for evaluation, basis of identification, means for communication, justification for social stratification, and mode for production and consumption). A thematic analysis was also conducted to determine: the aspects of gang culture in conflicts with society; and how the gangs, the community, and the law enforcements externalize the gang conflict. Findings – Results suggest that gang violence is largely due to issues of identity, values, and gang cohesiveness rather than the result of the pathologically based environmental conditions. Criteria for evaluation and issue of identity constituted 66 percent of the violent conflict with society. In the context of worldviews and worldmaking, gang members and law enforcement personnel are more likely to adopt a rigid, win-lose framework while members of the community are more likely to prescribe to a flexible and holistic perspective toward the gang problem. In sum, gang violence is not necessarily a deviant or antisocial act; rather, it is a result of the conflicting narratives between the gang cultures and the culture-at-large. Research limitations/implications – In dissecting gang behavior from a cultural perspective, it is easy to categorize gangs as a collective subculture. However, gang members may not view themselves as a subculture nor consider themselves as belonging to a subculture community. Practical implications – By examining the function of culture – in this case, the gang culture – as it conflicts with society at large, one may better able to develop an action plan that emphasize identities, cultures, and values rather than crime and punishment. Also, it may help shed light on how the various stakeholders (i.e. the gangs, law enforcements, and the community) perceive the conflict, which may assist researcher to develop a comprehensive and holistic approach toward intervention. Finally, implementing a culturally based gang violence intervention may reduce cost. Originality/value – This research is unique in that it analyzes the function of gang violence in relation to the society-at-large. Also, the research addresses the issue as to how the various stakeholders interpret the “gang problem.” Finally, this research is innovative in that it employs news articles as units of analysis rather than the traditional qualitative interviews or quantitative surveys.
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Stuparu, Lorena Valeria. "Citizen Identity and Participatory Political Culture. A Conceptual Approach." Dialogue and Universalism 32, no. 3 (2022): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202232343.
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Joining these two concepts of political science and philosophy (i.e. individual politi-cal identity and participatory political culture) is an attempt to explore their comprehen-sive potential, regarding the foundation of any democratic regime, namely the rule of law, civil society, a civilized global political world in which each individual can find his dignity, without being considered simply an anonymous in the great mass of people controlled and dominated through propaganda and restrictions by a relatively small number of people. The paper is structured on the main stated aspects: citizenship and political identity; identity, human dignity and the rule of law (as “medium term”); par-ticipative political culture. Participatory political culture is defining for the identity of a citizen in a state of law, but when the myths of democracy come into conflict with the political reality, indifference or absenteeism are also part of the cultural practices of citizenship and this is a challenge to political philosophy.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Culture conflict – political aspects"
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Migliore, Joseph Anthony. "The Cultural Barriers to Integration of Second Generation Muslims in Northern Italy." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/231.
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In this study, I examine the existing literature and carry out a qualitative exploration in order to formulate a better understanding of the dynamics that influence the lives of 2nd generation Italian Muslims. Although monumental social and political challenges remain in confronting integration of the Muslim population and for achieving greater acceptance of Islam within the Italian public sphere, the evidence suggests that the process for integration has slowly begun. Additionally, this study examines the intellectual framework of the existing literature which addresses the issues impacting Muslim integration in Northern Italy. This issue has induced new debates within Italy on multiculturalism, national identity, human rights, while more importantly raising the question--"to what extent do we allow Muslim integration into Italian society and the further insertion of Islam into Italy's spiritual geography?" This study argues that the convergence of contemporary international affairs with religion calls for a new lens for interaction. In Italy the events following 9/11, combined with a resurgence of Islamophobia and the impact of the Global War on Terror, have drawn the issue of Muslim immigrants into a negative spotlight. Mainstream attitudes in Europe, following 9/11, have generated a rift in Muslim-West relations and have caused confusion and anxiety among Muslims and non-Muslims alike. The research hypothesis for this thesis suggests that there are multiple factors impeding the efforts for Muslims to achieve equal footing within the Italian religious landscape and inclusion within Italian society. Among these are divisions found within the Muslim community itself, a growing mistrust of Islam in mainstream Italian society, sponsored by negative media stereotyping and xenophobic political movements, and underlying everything else, the privileged position of the Catholic Church and its unwillingness to accommodate Islamic identity within the social framework. The chosen methodology employed in this study is qualitative, theoretical contextual analysis combined with interviews plus questionnaires used to construct a case study were applied. Beyond engaging in seven interviews with the 2nd generation Italian Muslims, this study was informed by the relevant academic literature from the fields of conflict resolution, history, sociology, cultural studies, Islamic studies and political science. Finally this study contextualized the dynamics generating this conflict and examined the discontinuities this situation has created in the lives of Muslims in Italy. The exclusion of the Muslim population, coupled with the complex relationship between this cultural group and state, has led to the exploration within Italy of different models for integration. The findings of this study indicate that inequalities exist for the Muslim population of Northern Italy in their relation with the host nation and society. This further hampers the process of integration and generates further exclusion. Only profound rethinking of the Italian approach to integration will serve to adequately meet the needs of this marginalized population and fully incorporate them within Italian society.
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Chalkley, Marie Leone. "Saying Sorry: Conflict Atrocity and Political Apology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11054/.
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This study proposes and tests a comprehensive theory detailing the motivations behind political apologies. A brief survey of the literature shows a field rich in case studies but lacking in rigorous scientific analysis. The theory presented proposes a three-level examination of political apology at the state, dyadic, and system levels and incorporates the effects of culture, conflict, and the nature of the international system into analysis. This study makes use of a new dataset recording the occurrence of political apologies for interstate conflict atrocities from 1900 to 2006. The results suggest that the existing literature, while rich, does not account for all the motivating factors behind apology. The results also confirm that political apology is a creation of the modern era and a result of the liberalization of the international system. In conclusion, paths for future research are suggested and the advent of a global "age of apology" is confirmed.
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Ozsut, Melda. "Rentier States and Conflict: New Concepts, Different Perspectives." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157529/.
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Since the 1970s, a curious phenomenon has emerged, suggesting that resource rich countries are "cursed" by their resources. Over the last couple of decades, researchers have argued that rentier countries are more likely to have educational underachievement, the Dutch disease, corruption, slower democratization, and conflict. Although current research has proven helpful and productive, some aspects still remain contested in both theoretical and empirical terms. This dissertation aims to fill certain lacunae in this literature. My dissertation examines how ordinary citizens turn into dissidents and then to rebels in rentier states. I build and test an innovative theoretical argument, which focuses on individuals' daily lives, and explains how policies by rentier governments discourage merit-based employment. This, in turn, yields a high level of grievance among segments of the population. I also develop a comprehensive theory that combines macro-level and micro-level explanations of conflict onset in rentier states. Finally, I analyze an important, but previously neglected aspect of civil wars in rentier states: conflict outcomes. I suggest that the existence of abundant natural resources would have a significant impact on conflict outcomes. Accordingly, government victory would be more likely, and negotiated settlement would be less likely in rentier countries compared to non-rentier countries.
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Maume, Patrick. "Aspects of Irish nationalist political culture 1900-18." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286776.
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Fox, Mary-Jane. "Political culture in Somalia tracing paths to peace and conflict /." Uppsala : Uppsala University, Dept. of Peace and Conflict Research, 2000. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/45813440.html.
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Yoo, Donghee. "Media, culture, and the transformation of the protracted inter-Korean conflict." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Cordiner, Tom Stuart. "Zionism and aspects of British political culture since 1945." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648164.
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Shungur, Shantarene. "Cooperation among adversaries : managing transboundary water disputes in conflict settings." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102173.
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Intrigued by the observation that enduring, task-based water treaties have, surprisingly, emerged within protracted conflict settings that lock the riparians in a deadly embrace, I constructed an interdisciplinary theoretical framework to explain the causes of riparian conflict, and the conditions for riparian conflict resolution. Drawing on the literature from international relations, comparative politics, resource economics and public choice theory, I explain how the constraints posed by ecological forces in a conflict setting, and the political opportunities presented by a particular economic-developmental context shape the decisions of policymakers during the negotiation process that precedes regime emergence.Next, a model is developed that first illustrates the causal pathways among five independent variables, (water scarcity mode, critical environmental threshold, riparian position, state power profile and sustainable development of water resources); three contextual variables, (conflict setting, economic-developmental level, economic-developmental crisis) and the dependent variable of riparian conflict. The pathway is then extended with the addition of two more contextual variables (negotiation structure and strategy) to explain the second dependent variable of regime emergence. Eight hypotheses are then theoretically derived and tested with specifics from four cases covering both developing and developed state riparian conflicts within protracted and non-protracted settings. The Middle East, South Asian, and North American regions are thus studied.
It was evident that the degree of water scarcity has either conflict enhancing or conflict mitigating properties depending upon the patterns of interaction among the variables. Both contextual variable clusters had theoretically significant effects on the nature of the regime. I inferred that the state formation dynamic influenced the economic-developmental context in which water policy is formulated and shaped the domestic configuration of water interests. It appears that the influence of rent-seeking groups opposed to a transboundary water treaty wax and wane once critical environmental thresholds, which aggravate or cause an economic-developmental crisis, are exceeded (especially in the most powerful state). This, along with other economic, international and geographic factors, ultimately, alters the preferences of the policymakers to enable compromise at the international level. A state's institutional capacity to adopt a more sustainable water usage pattern is also relevant in this regard.
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Suaka, Yaro David. "An investigation into the causes and ramifications of political conflict in Ivory Coast." Thesis, Walter Sisulu University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1007276.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes and the ramifications of the political conflict in Ivory Coast from 2002 to 2009. A purposive sampling was used to select fourteen respondents. Qualitative methodology was used for the study. The data collection instruments were semi-structured interview questions, open-ended Semi-structured questionnaire and documentary analysis. The analysed data revealed that the causes of the conflict were: competition for scarce resources, bad governance, media incitement, xenophobia, incessant political power struggle and the proliferation of small fire arms entering the country. The effects experienced during the conflict were human rights violation, destruction of property including UN premises and displaced people both internally and externally. Some recommendations made include: Efforts should be made by the Government to strengthen good relationship among different ethnic groups and help them adapt to new challenges that confront democratic developments in the country. The Government should organise the South African style of Truth and Reconciliation Commission to revisit the horrors of the past in order to heal wounds and prevent future occurance of the conflict. Employment opportunities and other income generationg ventures for Ivorian should be created by the Government by attracting local and foreign investors. The numerous rebels should be given special skills training in other for them to be able to live among the communities in Ivory Coast. Government of national unity should be encouraged in situation like this. ECOWAS as well as AU should make sure that when disarmament instituted, it should be done properly. They should always monitor it and not to allow the arms to get into the country again. It is the hope of the researcher that this study makes a contribution towards the prevention of similar conflicts in Africa in the future.
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Dungan, Drew W. "South Park and absurd culture war ideologies the art of stealthy conservatism /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
Full textBooks on the topic "Culture conflict – political aspects"
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Ross, Marc Howard. The conflict, management implications of major theories of ethnic conflict. Kandy, Sri Lanka: International Centre for Ethnic Studies, 1996.
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Ambrosio, Thomas. Irredentism: Ethnic conflict and international politics. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2001.
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1964-, Wehrle Edmund F., ed. America and the world: Culture, commerce, conflict. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011.
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Maples, Holly. Culture war: Conflict, commemoration and the contemporary Abbey Theatre. Bern: Peter Lang, 2011.
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Upādhyāya, Prakāśa. Pahacāna pareḍa: Rojamarrā jīvana meṃ sabhyatāoṃ kā saṅgharsha. Nayī Dillī: Rājakamala Prakāśana, 2005.
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1969-, Andresen Trude, Bull Beate 1968-, Duvold Kjetil 1971-, Chr Michelsens institutt, and Comparative Politics Conference (1995 : Bergen, Norway), eds. Separatism--culture counts, resources decide. Fantoft, Norway: Chr. Michelsen Institute, 1997.
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The mindsets factor in ethnic conflict: A cross-cultural agenda. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press, 1998.
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Nowakowska, Lidia. Polityczne konsekwencje wielokulturowosci we wspolczesnej Europie. Bydgoszcz: Wydawnictwa Uczelniane Uniwersytetu Technologiczno-Przyrodniczego w Bydgoszczy, 2015.
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Out of isolation: Exploring a forgotten world, uncovering a culture in conflict. New Delhi: HPC Imprints, 2007.
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Wharton, Amy S. Working in America: Continuity, conflict, and change. Mountain View, Calif: Mayfield Pub. Co., 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Culture conflict – political aspects"
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Ross, Marc Howard. "Culture and Ethnic Conflict." In Political Psychology, 146–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230598744_9.
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Jaschke, Hans-Gerd. "Sub-Cultural Aspects of Right-Wing Extremism." In Political Culture in Germany, 126–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22765-5_10.
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Koch, Willy, and Uwe Matthes. "Political-Cultural Aspects of the System Transformation." In Political Culture in Germany, 137–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22765-5_11.
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Westle, Bettina. "Changing Aspects of National Identity in Germany." In Political Culture in Germany, 271–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22765-5_17.
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Hayward, Jack. "Dissentient France: The Counter Political Culture." In Conflict and Consensus in France, 53–67. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003508731-5.
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Allum, Percy. "Uniformity Undone: Aspects of Catholic Culture in Postwar Italy." In Culture and Conflict in Postwar Italy, 79–96. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20841-8_5.
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Bar-Tal, Daniel, Guy Abutbul-Selinger, and Amiram Raviv. "The Culture of Conflict and Its Routinisation." In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Political Psychology, 369–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-29118-9_21.
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Adrahtas, Vassilios, and Milad Milani. "Islam Divided: The Underlying Political Culture of the Conflict Between the Sunni and the Shi‘a." In Islam, Civility and Political Culture, 131–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56761-3_7.
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Kaddar, Merav, and Daniel Monterescu. "Dancing with tears in our eyes: political hipsters, alternative culture and binational urbanism in Israel/Palestine." In Culture and Conflict in Palestine/Israel, 7–27. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003240303-2.
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Gooch, Donald M. "From Consensus to Conflict: Political Polarization, the Culture War, and Gay Rights." In American Political Parties Under Pressure, 77–120. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60879-2_4.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Culture conflict – political aspects"
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Gabor, Gabriel, and Doina Muresan. "THE PHYSIOGNOMY OF MILITARY CONFLICTS IN THE FUTURE AND THE NEED FOR TRANSFORMATION IN THE MILITARY." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-042.
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In the future, war will mainly settle in the sphere of the politics and economics and will have as general purpose to aim at major economic projects, such as: control over strategic raw materials, from the point of view of their exploitation, access routes and trade markets; restricted access to high performance technologies; political and military control over some of the world's "hot spots" etc.. Basically, war will become an informational confrontation based on the use of certain mechanisms of distribution and combination of ways and means to support the conflict, falling within the politics area and hardly requiring any use of armed means. Transformation is a strategic imperative. At NATO member states defense ministries level, modernization needs to be shaped and influenced by the imperative realities specific to the competition in the information age. This is the age when power will directly depend on such aspects as: increased information dissemination capacity, easy access to information and increased decision-making speed. Military transformation involves changes in the doctrine, organization and structure of forces, capabilities, business intellingence, training, education and procurement, human rtesources management and budgetary programming which become the main areas where modernization of the military occurs. The strategies that define transformation cover three major areas: military culture, capabilities planning and capabilities transformation. NATO's credibility degree is and will also be depending on its military capabilities. Therefore, the final goal of the military organization transformation is to create new military capabilities that enable the armed forces to carry on operations across the entire spectrum of conflicts
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Chairawati, Fajri. "Model Pemerkasaan Politik Perempuan di Wilayah Konflik Aceh." In Conference on Pusat Pengajian Umum dan Kokurikulum 2020/1. Penerbit UTHM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30880/ahcs.2020.01.01.003.
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The model of political empowerment in building women's awareness of their political rights has been carried out in various places, but the application of the model of women's political empowerment in the conflict areas has not yet been maximized. This is due to the tradition of political education among women in the conflict has not been implemented. Cultural faktor that do not involve women's participation in the political aspect continue to this day, at least in Aceh. This study is an academic response to a number of phenomena that limit the involvement of women in filling seats in the legislature, both in the Regency and Province. This qualitative based on 5 informants to find information about women's political participation through observation, interviews and participants. Based on the field study, it was found that 20 women who fail to be members of the legislature because do not understanding the political procedures in accordance with the regulations in the conflict area. No special academic participation has been found in empowering women's politics. Not yet found the participation of ulama in empowering women's politics in conflict areas, especially Aceh. According to the author's analysis, this is an important skill to increase women's political awareness in conflict areas. The results of this study can be used by all parties who are interested in increasing women's political participation in conflict areas.
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Magiru, Anca, and Ionel Magiru. "AMERICAN FILM NOIR, MYSTERY CLASSICS AND LEGAL CLASSROOM: AN E-LEARNING INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-102.
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This paper shows how to explore, in the English class for law students, the film noir based on novels, some classic films which are seen as vehicles in order to go deeply into popular beliefs about law and society. The paper wants to be the support for a course to-be syllabus. It will be a systematic, comprehensive film-as-law approach which asks how film about law can constitute a legal culture beyond the film. The paper is an example of law and film studies, itself a sub-discipline of law and cultural studies. Beyond methodological innovation, cultural studies can promote change in legal studies by widening the moments of subjectivity that are even considered in the analysis of law and legality. This research of classic American film noir and mystery classics, based on American cultural studies, political and social conflicts, is quite new in Romania. Therefore, the investigation will be a complex process in which seven classic American film noirs (1940s-1950s) and the novels which they are based on will interact dinamically with the social background in order to create the agenda of changes on the homefront, postwar years, international tensions, gender and family uncertainties in an American unsettled decade. As movies and literature scholarship is one of the most exciting of recent interdisciplnary ventures, it has an enormous potential in the law school classroom as a positive and popular measure. Some general features of the American film noir will provide the background to the topics and the legal system will be set within the framework with\ particular reference to the social conflicts.The way in which law and the protagonists are portrayed in film noir and literature is a fascinating subject for the professors of law and law students. I think that in Romanian law schools, films and classic literature with a legal theme should/could be used to identify various aspects of legal activity ranging from legal practice (i.e. intrinsic lawyer skills including legal argument, negotiation and advocacy) to various aspects of the legal process (e.g. the function of the judge and jury) as well as important elements of legal and ethical theory. I will conduct research on the Law Through Film and Literature with a viewpoint to writing a textbook and related teacher's manual that can be used by myself and other professors to teach this subject.
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Денисова, А. Д. "The Problem of Exploring the Religious Identity of the English Catholic Community in the Second Half of the XVIth Century." In Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/semconf.2023.3.3.007.
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В статье рассматривается религиозная идентичность членов английского католического сообщества как исследовательская проблема, включающая в себя множество аспектов. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью определения основных противоречий, образовавшихся внутри католического сообщества, через призму религиозной идентичности для наиболее глубокого понимания процесса уверенного сохранения католицизма на территории Англии, повлиявшего на внешнюю и внутреннюю политику королевства и на занимаемое им место в политической системе Европы. Анализируются такие виды социальной идентичности, как гендерная, политическая и этническая во взаимосвязи с религиозной. Обращается внимание на тесное переплетение идентичностей, которое привело к образованию внутренних разногласий у католиков. Это позволило сделать вывод о трудностях, с которыми вынужден столкнуться ученый при исследовании религиозной идентичности в историческом контексте (определение понятия «религиозная идентичность, установление круга исторических источников, учет культурно-исторических реалий прошедшей эпохи). Автор отмечает, что возникший конфликт идентичностей занимает видное место в перечне поставленных исследовательских проблем, связанных с изучением религиозной идентичности. Конфликт идентичностей сыграл как позитивную, так и негативную роль в процессе сохранения католического сообщества. Он затормозил реакцию католиков на происходившие изменения, в редких случаях провоцировал на открытые столкновения католиков и королевскую власть, но в то же время способствовал возникновению принципа «двойной лояльности», пересмотру роли женщины в сохранении католических традиций, созданию устойчивых механизмов защиты через эмиграцию. Автор заключает, что использование междисциплинарного подхода позволяет раскрыть многие аспекты поставленной проблемы с позиции разных социальных и гуманитарных наук. This article examines the religious identity of members of the English Catholic community as a multi-faceted research problem. The relevance of the research stems from the need to identify the main contradictions formed within the Catholic community through the prism of religious identity in order to better understand the process of the confident persistence of Catholicism in England, which influenced the foreign and domestic policies of the kingdom and its place in the political system of Europe. Social identities such as gender, political and ethnic in relation to religious identity are analysed. Attention is drawn to the close intertwining of identities which has led to internal divisions among Catholics. This leads to conclusion about the number of difficulties that scholars have to face when studying religious identity in a historical context (defining the concept of religious identity, establishing the range of historical sources, taking into account the cultural and historical realities of the past era). The author notes that the emerged conflict of identities occupies a prominent place in the list of posed research problems associated with the study of religious identity. Identity conflict has played both a positive and a negative role in the process of preserving the Catholic community. It has inhibited the reactions of Catholics to the changes taking place, on rare occasions provoking open clashes between Catholics and royalty, but it has also contributed to the emergence of the principle of "dual loyalties", the redefinition of the role of women in the maintenance of Catholic traditions and the creation of sustainable protection mechanisms through emigration. The author concludes that the use of an interdisciplinary approach allows many aspects of the problem posed to be revealed from the perspective of different social and humanities disciplines.
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Polyvanov, Yehor. "IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND TREATMENT-PREVENTIVE NUTRITION." In PUBLIC COMMUNICATION IN SCIENCE: PHILOSOPHICAL, CULTURAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND IT CONTEXT, Chair Oleksii Horpynych and Nataliia Kondratiuk. European Scientific Platform, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/15.05.2020.v5.30.
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Mahdi AHMED, Sahar. "THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE BOOK "THE COMPENDIUM OF OYOUN AL-RAWDATAIN IN AKHBAR AL-DAWLATAIN AL-NOURIAH AND AL-SALAHIAH BY ABI SHAMA." In III. International Research Congress ofContemporary Studiesin Social Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress3-9.
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The research deals with the economic aspects in the book "The compendium of Oyoun AlRawdatain in Akhbar Al-Dawlatain Al-Nouriah and Al-Salahiah" . So the economy of any country is the mainstay of it's establishment, strength and prosperity. Although the book deals with the biograghy of two sultans, Nur Al-Din Zangi and Salah Al-Din Al-Ayyubi,and focus on the political and military aspects, because of what this period witnessed of various wars and conflicts. That, the author of the book, Abu Shama did not neglect the economic, social, urban and cultural aspects, that is why this study came to clarify the economic aspect of these two contries, and knowing their bright and dark sides, bacause the strength of any country is not only related to wars and military vivtories . It is necessary to know it is economy because it is the measure of the independence and prosperity of the state and it is appearance in a bright and prosperous appearance in order to enhance it is strength and sobriety
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Mu’jizah, Mu’jizah, Mamlahatun Buduroh, and Dina Susamto. "Spices Trade and Social-Political Conflict at Molucca in the Literature." In 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220408.105.
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Papamichail, Theodora, and Ana Peric. "Informal planning: a tool towards adaptive urban governance." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/mcur1568.
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Formal planning instruments and procedures have often been unpopular and ineffective for solving complex spatial issues, such as urban sprawl or transport congestion. As a result, such conflicts turn into complex planning tasks that usually exceed the provisioned time and funding, especially when faced with adversarial interests of actors from different organisations, sectors or social groups. Hence, informal planning, as a non-binding supplement to official planning instruments, is often considered highly effective. In its broadest sense, informal planning includes the principles of collaborative dialogue, diverse networks, trustful relationships and tailor-made processes among interested parties. Consequently, informal planning processes foster sound decision-making delivering a spectrum of problem-oriented solutions and increasing public consensus, while enacting experimentation, learning, change, and the creation of shared meanings among stakeholders. However, informal planning cannot be taken for granted – it is strongly interwoven with the planning culture influenced by the historical and political background, and the current socio-economic conditions. This paper revolves around several pillars. After an introductory section, a brief historical overview firstly identifies the place of informal planning in various planning models that have appeared since the 1960s. More specifically, informal planning is analysed against the theoretical concept of collaborative rationality. Finally, the paper focuses on a specific informal planning procedure called the ‘test planning method’, being analysed against the previously elaborated theoretical background. As this instrument links both formal and informal planning, its comparison and interrelation with the theoretical background of collaborative rationality contributes to elucidating the following attributes of adaptive (collaborative) urban governance: 1) flexible and agile institutional arrangements supportive to various kinds of urban planning mechanisms (not only official tools), 2) proactive and imaginative planners ready to accept solutions created outside the technical domain of instrumental rationality, and 3) inclusion of numerous stakeholders to exchange various information and different types of knowledge, i.e. expert and experiential knowledge. Observed through the example of the test planning method, the article finally highlights the successful aspects of informal planning, however, pointing also to its shortcomings, which could be expected in the societies with a lack of key democratic elements
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Taranu, Cristian. "Some aspects of the involvement of the Russian army in the military hostilities of theTransnistrian conflict." In Latinitate, Romanitate, Românitate. Conferinţa ştiinţifică internaţională, Ediția a 7-a. Moldova State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/lrr2023.37.
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The Transnistrian conflict of 1992 marked a critical moment in the history of the Republic of Moldova, with significant implications at both regional and international levels. This bloody conflict erupted in the aftermath of the collapse of the Soviet Union and within the context of Russia’s efforts to maintain its geopolitical influence in the region. Russia’s military involvement in the 1992 Transnistrian conflict led to the preservation of the separatist regime in Tiraspol, with the freezing of the conflict and its transformation into a persistent source of danger and regional instability. This intervention had lasting consequences on the political and security balance in the area, consolidating Russia’s position in the post-Soviet space.
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Ibrahim, Sonia. "Mapping Spatial Social Aspects of Urban Recovery in contested cities: A Case of The Historic Commercial Center of The Ancient City of Aleppo." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15764.
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Cultural heritage can initiate pride in one’s own identity. Therefore, in wars, the destruction of cul-tural heritage is weaponized as a tool aspired at disabling communities and demoralizing them. At the same time, reconstruction is a sensitive matter, and the process of post-conflict reconstruction has the potential either to advance social recovery or to hinder it. Consequently, the inclusion of all the affected communities is crucial. The old city of Aleppo is a classic case as rehabilitation pro-jects in the historic commercial center have started to emerge. Those projects focus on the physical destruction of the city, neglecting the social damage, and failing to engage and reflect on the locals' needs and ambition on how to rebuild their heritage. Due to this neglect, this paper is seeking to bring the social dimension of the rehabilitation process to the discussion and promote a people-centered approach in the decision-making of the post-conflict rehabilitation process in the ancient city of Aleppo. This paper is seeking to create a framework so reconstruction decisions will be based on people's aspirations and vision. A collection of research methods was used to examine the above-mentioned points. These methods included: onsite field observation to collect data, (specifi-cally, the Souk area) conducting interviews with shop owners, local people who lives in Aleppo and from the diaspora (in summer 2020 and winter 2021), and setting an online questionnaire survey (June and July 2021). Findings were outlined in a base conceptual map for the post-conflict rehabil-itation.
Reports on the topic "Culture conflict – political aspects"
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Haider, Huma. Fostering a Democratic Culture: Lessons for the Eastern Neighbourhood. Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.131.
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Political culture is the values, beliefs, and emotions that members of a society express about the political regime and their role in it (Pickering, 2022, p. 5). Norms, values, attitudes and practices considered integral to a “culture of democracy”, according to the Council of Europe, include: a commitment to public deliberation, discussion, and the free expression of opinions; a commitment to electoral rules; the rule of law; and the protection of minority rights; peaceful conflict resolution. The consolidation of democracy involves not only institutional change, but also instilling a democratic culture in a society (Balčytienė, 2021). Research on democratic consolidation in various countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) finds that a key impediment to consolidation is the persistence of old, authoritarian political culture that undermines political and civic participation. This rapid review looks at aspects of democratic culture and potential ways to foster it, focusing on educational initiatives and opportunities for civic action — which comprise much of the literature on developing the values, attitudes and behaviours of democracy. Discussion on the strengthening of democratic institutions or assistance to electoral processes is outside the scope of the report.
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Haider, Huma. Education, Conflict, and Stability in South Sudan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.129.
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This Emerging Issues Report explores the relationship between education, conflict, and (in)stability in South Sudan, drawing on a wide range of academic, policy, and programming literature. There is a growing body of research on the ways in which education can both exacerbate conflict and contribute to peace. The 4Rs framework (focusing on aspects of Redistribution, Recognition, Representation, and Reconciliation) provides a holistic way to explore and address the education system’s relationship to economic, social, cultural and political development processes; and its role in producing or exacerbating inequalities that fuel grievances and ultimately conflict (Novelli et al., 2019, 2016). The 4Rs framework is adopted throughout this report, at the start of each main section, providing summaries of key issues in the delivery of education and outcomes in South Sudan. These summaries are also presented in this overview. The report also looks at the interaction of donor interventions in education with conflict and stability in South Sudan, focusing on the Girls’ Education South Sudan (GESS) programme (see below), but also drawing on a few other interventions. While there is a range of donor reports and other literature that outline and discuss these initiatives and their impacts, there is limited research that makes explicit connections to their interactions with conflict and (in)stability.
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Haider, Huma. Political Empowerment of Women, Girls and LGBTQ+ People: Post-conflict Opportunities. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.108.
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The instability and upheaval of violent conflict can break down patriarchal structures, challenge traditional gender norms and open up new roles and spaces for collective agency of women, sexual and gender minorities (SGM), and other marginalised groups (Yadav, 2021; Myrittinen & Daigle, 2017). A recent study on the gendered implications of civil war finds that countries recovering from ‘major civil war’ experience substantial improvements in women’s civil liberties and political participation—complementary aspects of political empowerment (Bakken & Bahaug, 2020). This rapid literature review explores the openings that conflict and post-conflict settings can create for the development of political empowerment of women and LGBTQ+ communities—as well as challenges. Drawing primarily on a range of academic, non-governmental organisation (NGO), and practitioner literature, it explores conflict-affected settings from around the world. There was limited literature available on experience from Ukraine (which was of interest for this report); and on specific opportunities at the level of local administrations. In addition, the available literature on empowerment of LGBTQ+ communities was much less than that available for women’s empowerment. The literature also focused on women, with an absence of information on girls. It is important to note that while much of the literature speaks to women in society as a whole, there are various intersectionalities (e.g. class, race, ethnicity, religion, age, disability, rural/urban etc.) that can produce varying treatment and degrees of empowerment of women. Several examples are noted within the report.
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Diakonova, Marina, Corinna Ghirelli, Luis Molina, and Javier J. Pérez. The economic impact of conflict-related and policy uncertainty shocks: the case of Russia. Madrid: Banco de España, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/23707.
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We show how policy uncertainty and conflict-related shocks impact the dynamics of economic activity (GDP) in Russia. We use alternative indicators of “conflict”, relating to specific aspects of this general concept: geopolitical risk, social unrest, outbreaks of political violence and escalations into internal armed conflict. For policy uncertainty we employ the workhorse economic policy uncertainty (EPU) indicator. We use two distinct but complementary empirical approaches. The first is based on a time series mixed-frequency forecasting model. We show that the indicators provide useful information for forecasting GDP in the short run, even when controlling for a comprehensive set of standard high-frequency macro-financial variables. The second approach, is a SVAR model. We show that negative shocks to the selected indicators lead to economic slowdown, with a persistent drop in GDP growth and a short-lived but large increase in country risk.
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Saleem, Raja M. Ali, Ihsan Yilmaz, and Priya Chacko. Civilizationist Populism in South Asia: Turning India Saffron. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0009.
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The 21st century has witnessed a significant shift in how the concept of nationalism is understood. A political marriage between identity politics and populism has resulted in “civilizationism,” a new form of nationalism that entails an emotionally charged division of society into “the people” versus “the Other.” All too often, the divisive discourses and policies associated with civilizationalist populism produce intercommunal conflict and violence. This paper draws on a salient case study, India’s Hindutva movement, to analyze how mainstream populist political parties and grassroots organizations can leverage civilizationist populism in campaigns to mobilize political constituencies. In surveying the various groups within the Hindutva movement and conducting a discourse analysis of their leaders’ statements, the paper shows the central role of sacralized nostalgia, history, and culture in Hindutva populist civilizationism. By analyzing the contours and socio-political implications of civilizationist populism through this case study, the paper contributes to the theoretical understanding of the concept more generally.
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Haider, Huma. Humanitarian Access Issues Linked to Peace Processes: Advantages, Disadvantages and Examples. Institute of Development Studies, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.057.
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Political mediators and humanitarian negotiators both seek to stabilise a conflict situation. However, the goal of political mediators is to build a political consensus to address the causes of the conflict, while the goal of humanitarian negotiators is to address the immediate humanitarian consequences: specifically access to aid and protection of vulnerable populations. This report provides a general overview of potential advantages, disadvantages, risks and challenges of linking humanitarian issues to ceasefires and peace processes, based on a range of academic and practitioner literature. This is followed by a case study of Syria, where there is some emergent academic literature that looks at the incorporation of humanitarian access issues in ceasefires and peace processes—and outcomes for civilians, in terms of protection and access to aid. It also takes a brief look at civilian monitoring and recent humanitarian ceasefires in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic. Examples and evidence of humanitarian issues linked to ceasefires and peace processes—and the impacts on protection of civilians and humanitarian access—is extremely sparse. This is stated in the literature itself, which covers varying aspects of this research.
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Melnyk, Iurii. JUSTIFICATION OF OCCUPATION IN GERMAN (1938) AND RUSSIAN (2014) MEDIA: SUBSTITUTION OF AGGRESSOR AND VICTIM. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11101.
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The article is dedicated to the examination and comparison of the justification of occupation of a neighboring country in the German (1938) and Russian (2014) media. The objective of the study is to reveal the mechanics of the application of the classical manipulative method of substituting of aggressor and victim on the material of German and Russian propaganda in 1938 and in 2014 respectively. According to the results of the study, clear parallels between the two information strategies can be traced at the level of the condemnation of internal aggression against a national minority loyal to Berlin / Moscow and its political representative (the Sudeten Germans – the pro-Russian Ukrainians, as well as the security forces of the Yanukovych regime); the reflections on dangers that Czechoslovakia / Ukraine poses to itself and to its neighbors; condemnation of the violation of the cultural rights of the minority that the occupier intends to protect (German language and culture – Russian language and culture); the historical parallels designed to deepen the modern conflict, to show it as a long-standing and a natural one (“Hussites” – “Banderites”). In the manipulative strategy of both media, the main focus is not on factual fabrication, but on the bias selection of facts, due to which the reader should have an unambiguous understanding of who is the permanent aggressor in the conflict (Czechoslovakia, Czechs – Ukraine, Ukrainians), and who is the permanent victim (Germans – Russians, Russian speakers). The substitution of victim and aggressor in the media in both cases became one of the most important manipulative strategies designed to justify the German occupation of part of Czechoslovakia and the Russian occupation of part of Ukraine.
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Kelly, Luke. Humanitarian Considerations in Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR). Institute of Development Studies, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.106.
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This rapid literature review finds that disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration (DDR) raises a number of humanitarian considerations, centred on the treatment of participants and the unintended consequences of the programmes. In particular, DDR undertaken during conflicts is linked to several protection risks and is difficult to implement in a neutral, equitable and humanitarian manner. By humanitarian concerns, this report means: • Some of the functions undertaken in DDR, • Humanitarian risks to individuals in DDR programmes, • Indirect risks of conflict arising from DDR programmes; DDR is a broad and multi-faceted process involving security, humanitarian and development aspects and actors, with wide-ranging impacts. Humanitarian actors do not undertake DDR, but they may support some DDR processes, and maybe affected by DDR or its effects. According to UN guidance and the academic literature, successful DDR will consider socio-economic conditions in the community, as well as for the ex-combatants. It should be attuned to the range of needs of participants and should abide by relevant international law. The political dynamics of a conflict or post-conflict situation shape the success of DDR. It was first used in post-conflict situations, but the increasing use of DDR in ongoing conflicts creates new difficulties. The failure or partial implementation creates many humanitarian problems. This may arise from a lack of resources; competing authorities (and particularly the co-option of DDR for war aims); ongoing conflict and instability; mistakes in implementation; and socio-economic conditions unconducive to successful reintegration. Unsuccessful DDR may see partially demobilised actors remain dangerous, or may fuel new grievances around the perceived unfairness of granting support to former combatants. There is a large body of evidence on the successes and failures of DDR programmes, how they vary over time and across contexts, and guidance on how to implement DDR. Relatively little refers explicitly to humanitarian concerns, but many of the issues covered can be characterised as humanitarian. DDR has been employed in many situations since the 1980s, meaning that it is not possible to comprehensively survey the guidance or case study evidence. Instead, this review focuses on the main areas where DDR can be said to raise humanitarian concerns, with a particular focus on the problems raised by DDR in ongoing conflicts.
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Hrytsenko, Olena. Sociocultural and informational and communication transformations of a new type of society (problems of preserving national identity and national media space). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11406.
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The problems of the correlation of cosmopolitan and national identities are too complex to be unambiguous assessment, let alone alternative values (related to the ecological paradigm and the spiritual traditions of other cultures). However, it is obvious that without preserving the national identity, the integrity and independence of the national state becomes problematic. On the other hand, without taking into account the consequences of information wars and aggressive cosmopolitan tendencies of global media culture, there is a threat of losing the national information space and displacing it to the periphery of socio-political and economic life in Ukraine and in the modern world. In the process of working on research issues, the author of the article came out on the principles of objectivity, systematic and determinism, which in combination of their observance made it possible to determine the influence of the post-industrial information society on the formation of a new type of mass consciousness. As a result of the influence of globalization processes, there was a filling of the domestic information space with a supernational mass culture of entertainment, which in most cases leads to the spread of a primitive world outlook based on the ideology of consumption society, without leaving places to preserve sociocultural traditions and national identity. Therefore, given the problems of preserving national identity, it is necessary should be mentioned the information security of the state, which occupies one of the most important places, among various aspects of information security, since the unresolved problem of protection of the national information space significantly complicates the processes of formation of national identity.
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Hotsur, Oksana. SOCIAL NETWORKS AND BLOGS AS TOOLS PR-CAMPAIGN IMPLEMENTATIONS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11110.
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The article deals with the ways in which social networks and the blogosphere influence the formation and implementation of a PR campaign. Examples from the political sphere (election campaigns, initiatives), business (TV brands, traditional and online media) have revealed the opportunities that Facebook, Telegram, Twitter, YouTube and blogs promote in promoting advertising, ideas, campaigns, thoughts, or products. Author blogs created on special websites or online media may not be as much of a tool in PR as an additional tool on social media. It is noted that choosing a blog as the main tool of PR campaign has both positive and negative points. Social networks intervene in the sphere of human life, become a means of communication, promotion, branding. The effectiveness of social networks has been evidenced by such historically significant events as Brexit, the Arab Spring, and the Revolution of Dignity. Special attention was paid to the 2019 presidential election. Based on the analysis of individual PR campaigns, the reasons for successful and unsuccessful campaigns from the point of view of network communication, which provide unlimited multimedia and interactive tools for PR, are highlighted. In fact, these concepts significantly affect the effectiveness of the implementation of PR-campaign, its final effectiveness, which is determined by the achievement of goals. Attention is drawn to the culture of communication during the PR campaign, as well as the concepts of “trolls”, “trolling”, “bots”, “botoin industry”. The social communication component of these concepts is unconditional. Choosing a blog as the main tool of a marketing campaign has both positive and negative aspects. Only a person with great creative potential can run and create a blog. In addition, it takes a long time. In fact, these two points are losing compared to other internet marketing tools. Further research is interesting in two respects. First, a comparison of the dynamics of the effectiveness of PR-campaign tools in Ukraine in 2020 and in the past, in particular, at the dawn of state independence. Secondly, to investigate how/or the concept of PR-campaigns in social networks and blogs is constantly changing.