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Jubelin, Camille, Javier Munoz-Garcia, Denis Cochonneau, Emilie Moranton, Marie-Françoise Heymann, and Dominique Heymann. "Caractérisation de la dormance d’une lignée cellulaire d’ostéosarcome en culture trois-dimensions." Morphologie 106, no. 354 (September 2022): S25—S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2022.06.025.
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McGhee, Eric, Juan Uruena, Padraic Levings, Kylie van Meter, Ryan Smolchek, Derek Hood, Catherine Flores, Duane Mitchell, and W. Gregory Sawyer. "TMOD-07. IN SITU MICROSCOPY OF DRUG AND IMMUNE CELL INTERACTIONS AGAINST BIOFABRICATED TUMOR MODELS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi263—vi264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1106.
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Abstract BACKGROUND & SIGNIFICANCE Cancer is a disease in 3-dimensions and there is a desperate need for infrastructure and models to study immuno-oncology treatment strategies in 3D. A new culture system for long-duration maturation of patient derived microtumors has been developed. This system enables in situconfocal imaging and movies of T-cells and tumor model interactions, including measurements of T-cell migration, infiltration, and killing. HYPOTHESIS: Biofabrication of 3D microtumors using bioprinting in transparent soft granular gel media can facilitate the precise arrangement and stability of extra-cellular matrix components, tumor, and immune cells while maintaining continuous liquid perfusion. METHODS The design, development, and validation of a modular negative pressure perfusion system controls the transport of liquid growth medium, drugs, antibodies, growth factors, and metabolic waste management in 3D. In situ confocal fluorescent microscopy measures cell positions, velocities, and viability during experiments. Steady perfusion velocities are controlled through negative pressure, and velocities from 1–100 nm/s can be achieved. RESULTS Cell motility, adhesion, and dynamic rearrangement of fibroblasts and endothelial cells within a 3D co-culture of microtumors evolved dramatically over the first 72 hours. Tracking of activated CD8+ T-cells revealed super-diffusive motion in the presence of 3D tumors with a range of 250 µm. Activated T-cell migration speeds have been measured to be between 1.3–2.0 um/min in the 3D media, and preliminary estimates of T cell migration forces are on the order of 1 nN. Arrival of CD8+ T-cells to the tumors within the first 30 minutes revealed cell killing which continued for over 3-hours and resulted in a 2-fold reduction in tumor cell numbers. CONCLUSIONS This integrated system of 3D bioprinting, perfusion culture plates, and confocal microscopy enables in situ3D studies of cancer biology, immunotherapy, and drug treatment regimens and provides unique insights and measurements of immune cell invasion dynamics in 3D microtumors.
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Green, Matthew P., and Bo Hou. "Cellular Changes of Stem Cells in 3-Dimensional Culture." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 75, no. 11 (November 2017): 2477.e1–2477.e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2017.06.007.
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Dey, Nandini, Yuliang Sun, Amy K. Krie, Luis Rojas, David Starks, Xiaoqian Lin, Kirstin Anne Williams, et al. "Three dimensional organotypic ex vivo culture of tissues from post-operated tumor samples: Strengths and limitations." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): e23151-e23151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e23151.
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e23151 Background: Evolution of tumor occurs in two phases, pretreatment phase, and posttreatment phase.Tumorigenic history and path of tumorigenic evolution determine the response of tumor cells to antitumor drug and thus the outcome of treatment. Carcinomas from the same organ-site with similar genomic alterations in different patients may vary in their tumorigenic history and their diverse paths of tumorigenic evolution which cause them respond differently to the same antitumor drugs. Uniqueness of tumorigenic history and paths of tumorigenic evolution in individual patient makes it ideal to test drugs, N-of-1. Here we present our experience with 3D organotypic ex vivo culture of tumor tissue from post-operated tumor samples. Methods: Informed consent was obtained from patients ( NCT02470715). The investigation was approved by IRB of the Avera Cancer Institute and the Western IRB. Surgically resected tissue was obtained from patients with different tumors of different organ sites including ovarian, breast, lung, endometrium, and cervix at the Avera Cancer Institute, SF, SD. Tissues from patients were collected in two formats, paired samples (tumor and tumor-adjacent normal) and unpaired samples. Results: As extracellular matrix lost in cell cultures, provide important signals for cell survival, differentiation and drug resistance we have established a protocol to culture slices in the 3D format. We have established 3D slice cultures (3x3 mm) of tumor-derived tissues which can be maintained ex vivo for at least three days. Tumor cells / normal cells from different tumors/tumor-adjacent normal tissues from day zero (non-cultured) were used to compare day1, day2, and day3 cultures. At the end of the culture period, slices were embedded in paraffin for histological analysis following H&E staining as well as IHC-staining for proliferation index (Ki-67), cellular proliferation signals (pS6RP), apoptosis (activated caspase 3), or tumor angiogenesis (CD31). Ki67 staining was characteristically different in cultured normal and cultured tumor tissues. Conclusions: Here, we show that tumor-derived tissues survive in 3D Matrigel culture for a minimum of 6 hours and maximum up to 3 days. Clinical trial information: NCT02470715.
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Suderman, Michael T., Kevin B. Temeyer, Kristie G. Schlechte, and Adalberto A. Pérez de León. "Three-Dimensional Culture of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus BmVIII-SCC Cells on Multiple Synthetic Scaffold Systems and in Rotating Bioreactors." Insects 12, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12080747.
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Tick cell culture facilitates research on the biology of ticks and their role as vectors of pathogens that affect humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Because two-dimensional cell culture doesn’t promote the development of multicellular tissue-like composites, we hypothesized that culturing tick cells in a three-dimensional (3-D) configuration would form spheroids or tissue-like organoids. In this study, the cell line BmVIII-SCC obtained from the cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1888), was cultured in different synthetic scaffold systems. Growth of the tick cells on macrogelatinous beads in rotating continuous culture system bioreactors enabled cellular attachment, organization, and development into spheroid-like aggregates, with evidence of tight cellular junctions between adjacent cells and secretion of an extracellular matrix. At least three cell morphologies were identified within the aggregates: fibroblast-like cells, small endothelial-like cells, and larger cells exhibiting multiple cytoplasmic endosomes and granular vesicles. These observations suggest that BmVIII-SCC cells adapted to 3-D culture retain pluripotency. Additional studies involving genomic analyses are needed to determine if BmVIII-SCC cells in 3-D culture mimic tick organs. Applications of 3-D culture to cattle fever tick research are discussed.
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Clayton, Natasha P., Alanna Burwell, Heather Jensen, Barbara F. Williams, Quashana D. Brown, Pamela Ovwigho, Sreenivasa Ramaiahgari, Tonia Hermon, and Darlene Dixon. "Preparation of Three-dimensional (3-D) Human Liver (HepaRG) Cultures for Histochemical and Immunohistochemical Staining and Light Microscopic Evaluation." Toxicologic Pathology 46, no. 6 (August 2018): 653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623318789069.
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The use of three-dimensional (3-D) in vitro culture systems (spheroids, organoids) in biomolecular and drug discovery research has become increasingly popular. The popularity is due, in part, to a diminished reliance on animal bioassays and a desire to develop physiologically relevant cell culture systems that simulate the in vivo tissue microenvironment. Most evaluations of 3-D cultures are by confocal microscopy and high-content imaging; however, these technologies do not allow for detailed cellular morphologic assessments or permit basic hematoxylin and eosin histologic evaluations. There are few studies that have reported detailed processes for preparing 3-D cultures for paraffin embedding and subsequent use for histochemical or immunohistochemical staining. In an attempt to do so, we have developed a protocol to paraffin-embed human liver spheroids that can be sectioned with a microtome and mounted onto glass slides for routine histochemical and immunohistochemical staining and light microscopic evaluations.
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Mortera-Blanco, Teresa, Athanasios Mantalaris, Alexander Bismarck, and Nicki Panoskaltsis. "Long-Term in Vitro Cytokine-Free and Serum-Free Culture of Human Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells in a Three-Dimensional Scaffold." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.503.503.
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Abstract Abstract 503 The ability to expand cord blood (CB) cells ex vivo overcomes an important limitation to its wider clinical application in cellular therapies. The current practice of hematopoietic cell culture is based on two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture flasks or well plates which require either co-culture with allogeneic or xenogeneic stromal cells and the exogenous provision of several cytokines. This 2D culture environment is artificial and lacks the 3D cellular niches that characterise the in vivo hematopoietic inductive microenvironment. Specifically, the cultured cells are exposed to abnormally high cytokine concentrations, which may result in differentiation and loss of pluripotency. We have previously developed a 3D bone marrow biomimicry through the use of synthetic scaffolds made of poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and polyurethane (PU) coated with collagen type I. Our previous work has shown that these scaffolds, which were seeded with cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) at a cell density of 3-6×106cells per scaffold (5×5×5mm3), could successfully support long-term culture in the absence of exogenous growth factors for over 4 weeks. Specifically, the 3D biomimicry facilitated a 53-fold total MNC expansion, with an increase in the BFU-E and CFU-GM progenitor cell population. However, these cultures, although cytokine-free, contained 20-30% (v/v) fetal calf serum which can have both conducive and inhibitory effects on hematopoietic cell cultures due to the unknown composition and concentration of humoral factors contained within. Inclusion of serum in expansion-type cultures can limit the clinical application of the derived product. The serum-free and cytokine-free culture and expansion of hematopoietic cells has not been achieved until now. Herein, we report that for at least 4 weeks the polyurethane (PU) scaffolds coated with collagen type I were able to maintain and expand human CB MNCs. Furthermore the progenitor population, as determined by the colony forming unit assay, was also maintained and preferentially directed towards the granulocytic lineage, even though the CFU-GEMMs declined. Immunophenotypic analysis of the extracted cells confirmed the presence of erythroid precursors (CD71+CD45-) as well as early maturing myeloid cells. In contrast, the 2D cytokine- and serum-free cultures collapsed within 3-4 days. We hypothesized that the 3D biomimicry was able to facilitate serum- and cytokine-free conditions because it can recapitulate the three-dimensional architecture of the human bone marrow. This hypothesis was supported by scanning electron microscopy of the central sections of the scaffolds that showed the migration of cells within the pores and establishment of “niche-like” structures. In conclusion, this novel 3D culture system is capable of long-term, cytokine- and serum-free expansion of haematopoietic cells from cord blood, enabling the study of haematopoiesis as well as facilitating the expansion of cells for future clinical applications. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Baudino, Troy A., Alex McFadden, Charity Fix, Joshua Hastings, Robert Price, and Thomas K. Borg. "Cell Patterning: Interaction of Cardiac Myocytes and Fibroblasts in Three-Dimensional Culture." Microscopy and Microanalysis 14, no. 2 (March 3, 2008): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927608080021.
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Patterning of cells is critical to the formation and function of the normal organ, and it appears to be dependent upon internal and external signals. Additionally, the formation of most tissues requires the interaction of several cell types. Indeed, both extracellular matrix (ECM) components and cellular components are necessary for three-dimensional (3-D) tissue formationin vitro. Using 3-D cultures we demonstrate that ECM arranged in an aligned fashion is necessary for the rod-shaped phenotype of the myocyte, and once this pattern is established, the myocytes were responsible for the alignment of any subsequent cell layers. This is analogous to thein vivopattern that is observed, where there appears to be minimal ECM signaling, rather formation of multicellular patterns is dependent upon cell–cell interactions. Our 3-D culture of myocytes and fibroblasts is significant in that it modelsin vivoorganization of cardiac tissue and can be used to investigate interactions between fibroblasts and myocytes. Furthermore, we used rotational cultures to examine cellular interactions. Using these systems, we demonstrate that specific connexins and cadherins are critical for cell–cell interactions. The data presented here document the feasibility of using these systems to investigate cellular interactions during normal growth and injury.
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Furubayashi, Tomoyuki, Daisuke Inoue, Noriko Nishiyama, Akiko Tanaka, Reiko Yutani, Shunsuke Kimura, Hidemasa Katsumi, Akira Yamamoto, and Toshiyasu Sakane. "Comparison of Various Cell Lines and Three-Dimensional Mucociliary Tissue Model Systems to Estimate Drug Permeability Using an In Vitro Transport Study to Predict Nasal Drug Absorption in Rats." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12010079.
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Recently, various types of cultured cells have been used to research the mechanisms of transport and metabolism of drugs. Although many studies using cultured cell systems have been published, a comparison of different cultured cell systems has never been reported. In this study, Caco-2, Calu-3, Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK), EpiAirway and MucilAir were used as popular in vitro cell culture systems, and the permeability of model compounds across these cell systems was evaluated to compare barrier characteristics and to clarify their usefulness as an estimation system for nasal drug absorption in rats. MDCK unexpectedly showed the best correlation (r = 0.949) with the fractional absorption (Fn) in rats. Secondly, a high correlation was observed in Calu-3 (r = 0.898). Also, Caco-2 (r = 0.787) and MucilAir (r = 0.750) showed a relatively good correlation with Fn. The correlation between Fn and permeability to EpiAirway was the poorest (r = 0.550). Because EpiAirway forms leakier tight junctions than other cell culture systems, the paracellular permeability was likely overestimated with this system. On the other hand, because MDCK formed such tight cellular junctions that compounds of paracellular model were less likely permeated, the paracellular permeability could be underestimated. Calu-3, Caco-2 and MucilAir form suitable cellular junctions and barriers, indicating that those cell systems enable the precise estimation of nasal drug absorption.
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Poll, B., P. Buttler, H. G. GräBer, F. Lampert, and C. Becker. "Engrafting Periodontal Fibroblasts with New 3-Dimensional Polylactide Foams." International Journal of Artificial Organs 28, no. 8 (August 2005): 827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139880502800808.
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In clinical periodontics, “tissue engineering” techniques have been developed to guide the regenerative process following periodontal disease. We explored a new shaped biomaterial in order to promote cellular adhesion, proliferation and migration of periodontal cells. Granules of poly-D,L-lactide were foamed in specially designed moulds by a controlled gas-loading process. Explant cultures of periodontal tissue were seeded at different densities on the 3-dimensional scaffolds following analysis of cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and differentiation. The moulding procedure led to porous structures with predetermined tubes for cellular locomotion. Cells adhered to and populated the material's surface and inner cavities while retaining fibroblastic phenotype. An optimal ratio between cellular proliferation and mortality rate was achieved at a seeding density of > 106 cells/cm3 scaffold. We designed modified polylactide scaffolds capable of acting as a stent and a cell carrier matrix. The foaming process is easy, cheap and suitable for commercial production.
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Garza, Ricardo, and Alberto Lopez. "Measuring Innovation Culture: A Synthesis of the Innovation Culture Construct and Identification of its Research Clusters." Multidisciplinary Business Review 13, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35692/07183992.13.1.5.
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We provide an integrative review of the previous research that has measured the innovation culture construct. Our data reveal that the construct has been composed of 28 different dimensions in previous research. Furthermore, these dimensions can be graphed along two axes: presence of the dimension in the literature and importance of the dimension within every single research project in which it appears. This analysis shows that the dimensions can be integrated into a four-quadrant matrix: 1) core dimensions: those high in both importance and presence; 2) niche dimensions: those high in importance but relatively low in presence; 3) minor dimensions: those low in both importance and presence; and 4) generic dimensions: those low in importance but high in presence in the literature. Moreover, by conducting a multiple correspondence analysis along with cluster analysis, we can provide a detailed structure of the construct by revealing that scholars have measured innovation culture in seven fundamental different ways, through 1) employee characteristics, 2) external orientation and strategy, 3) internal communication, 4) collaboration, 5) willingness to change, 6) technology employed, and 7) adoption of new ideas. We finally provide a discussion section and suggest areas that have the greatest potential for future exploration in measuring the innovation culture construct.
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Moore, Zena T. "Teaching and testing culture: Old questions, new dimensions." International Journal of Educational Research 23, no. 7 (January 1995): 595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-0355(96)80439-3.
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Musa, Muhafiza, and Ahmad Shahrul Nizam Isha@Isa. "Voluntary Policy Interventions: Elevating Safety and Health Compliance in Aircraft Ground Handling Operations." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Review Vol.4 (4) October-December. 2019 4, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjetr.2019.4.4(3).
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Objective – The present study intends to examine the safety culture and safety performance outcomes relationship, present the findings on safety culture dimensions and discuss in detail on the moderating role of occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) policy interventions. Methodology/Technique – A literature research was employed to review occupational safety and health area on specific safety culture dimensions with regard to aviation (between the years 1997 to 2018) as well as law and science policy on human behavior. Findings – The findings on safety culture dimensions were discovered from a multilevel perspective of safety culture and climate studies and were categorized as generalization and personalization. The findings also demonstrated the mandatory and voluntary approach in carrying out the OHSMS policy interventions. Novelty – The findings on safety culture dimensions indicated the functionality of generalization and personalization that portray the substance of the workplace culture for aircraft ground handling. The introduction of voluntary policy interventions to elevate OHSMS compliance was essential to the study because they revealed people's willingness to change their behavior, practice self-regulation, and respond to the existing regulatory models. Type of Paper: Conceptual Keywords: OHSMS; voluntary compliance; safety culture; safety performance outcomes
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Rende, Maria, Teresa Mortera-Blanco, Nayef Aqel, Sarah Ryley, Ricardo Morilla, Athanasios Mantalaris, and Nicki Panoskaltsis. "Ex Vivo Three-Dimensional (3D) Functional biomimicry for the Long-Term Cytokine-Free Culture of Human Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 4896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4896.4896.
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Abstract Abstract 4896 Current in vitro models for the study of AML rely on cell lines or, if primary cells are used, require abnormally high concentrations of exogenous cytokines and/or stromal cells in a co-culture system. These conditions introduce bias and artifact by selecting for culture-responsive cells and do not account for the 3D leukemic growth observed in the bone marrow. We have previously shown that human AML cell lines can be cultivated in 3D synthetic polymeric scaffolds coated with collagen and fibronectin for 8 weeks. We have also shown that human cord blood mononuclear cells can be cultured in the same 3D in vitro system with good viability (>90%), proliferation and clonogenic capacity in the absence of exogenous cytokines over a period of 4–6 weeks. Herein, we evaluate the potential for human primary AML cells to survive in a cytokine-free environment on 3D polyurethane (PU) scaffolds rendered bioactive by collagen type I over 35 days. After informed consent, peripheral blood (PB) and/or bone marrow (BM) aspirate samples were obtained from patients with AML of different subtypes, some also with abnormal karyotype. Mononuclear cells were separated by standard Ficoll-Paque density gradient centrifugation, seeded directly at a density of 2×106 cells per scaffold (5×5×5 mm3) and then cultivated without exogenous cytokines for 35 days with full medium exchange performed every other day. Standard two-dimensional (2D) Dexter cultures were used as controls. Cultures were assessed at 2 hours for seeding efficiency, and then weekly for viability, proliferative capacity, and cellular phenotype. Of 19 patient samples studied, 11 exhibited good viability prior to seeding and were successfully cultured in the scaffolds for 35 days. Seeding efficiency was high (82 ± 0.22%). Although cells were extracted manually from the scaffolds for assessment, necessitating some cell death due to the extraction technique, average viability was higher than 75 ± 0.15% over the first 21 days, with 54 ± 0.11% still viable at 35 days. In contrast, AML controls in standard 2D-flask cultures did not survive beyond 14 days. In situ, the proliferation rates were different for each AML sample, yet growth kinetics showed a similar trend, peaking at day 14–21 in all AML subtypes. Interestingly, there were no differences in the growth kinetics of mononuclear cells seeded into the 3D scaffolds from PB and BM of the same patient. The similarity of the kinetic profile to that observed previously in the 3D normal cord blood cultures suggested that the 2–3 week time period was critical for the establishment and stabilization of both types of cultures and that in future it may be an informative period to investigate further. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that in situ cellular density increased with culture time and cells had migrated within the inner scaffold pores and appeared organized in colonies and clusters within distinct niches. Retention of the initial AML phenotype and morphology was observed by immunohistochemistry of sectioned scaffolds. Wright-Giemsa staining of the extracted cells every 7 days confirmed fidelity of the AML population in culture over time (in the absence of exogenous cytokines), with leukemic blasts and dysplastic maturation similar in appearance to those observed in the original patient bone marrow sample, even after 35 days. Maintenance of the original AML karyotype in 2 patients with chromosome 7 abnormalities was confirmed by interphase FISH with 55.2% and 76.4% of the output leukemic cells exhibiting a signal pattern consistent with del(7q) after 21 days (10% and 73% blasts in the original input cell population, respectively), indicating culture fidelity. This in vitro 3D platform can be used to study primary human AML in the absence of exogenous cytokines and xenogeneic or allogeneic antigens, thereby abrogating the introduction of bias in the study of leukemogenesis, AML clonal hierarchy and the microenvironment. The model may be widely applicable to a broad range of leukemia types for the study of disease, and as a biomimetic tool for drug discovery and chemotherapeutic or small molecule inhibitor drug targeting within the 3D microenvironment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Tostivint, Victor, Claire Racaud-Sultan, Mathieu Roumiguié, Michel Soulié, Xavier Gamé, and Jean-baptiste Beauval. "Progrès dans l’étude du cancer de la prostate : la culture cellulaire en trois dimensions reproduit ex vivo les caractéristiques des tumeurs prostatiques." La Presse Médicale 46, no. 10 (October 2017): 954–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lpm.2017.06.014.
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Healy, Mae W., Shelley N. Dolitsky, Maria Villancio-Wolter, Meera Raghavan, Alexandra R. Tillman, Nicole Y. Morgan, Alan H. DeCherney, Solji Park, and Erin F. Wolff. "Creating an Artificial 3-Dimensional Ovarian Follicle Culture System Using a Microfluidic System." Micromachines 12, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12030261.
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We hypothesized that the creation of a 3-dimensional ovarian follicle, with embedded granulosa and theca cells, would better mimic the environment necessary to support early oocytes, both structurally and hormonally. Using a microfluidic system with controlled flow rates, 3-dimensional two-layer (core and shell) capsules were created. The core consists of murine granulosa cells in 0.8 mg/mL collagen + 0.05% alginate, while the shell is composed of murine theca cells suspended in 2% alginate. Somatic cell viability tests and hormonal assessments (estradiol, progesterone, and androstenedione) were performed on days 1, 6, 13, 20, and 27. Confocal microscopy confirmed appropriate compartmentalization of fluorescently-labeled murine granulosa cells to the inner capsule and theca cells to the outer shell. Greater than 78% of cells present in capsules were alive up to 27 days after collection. Artificially constructed ovarian follicles exhibited intact endocrine function as evidenced by the production of estradiol, progesterone, and androstenedione. Oocytes from primary and early secondary follicles were successfully encapsulated, which maintained size and cellular compartmentalization. This novel microfluidic system successfully encapsulated oocytes from primary and secondary follicles, recapitulating the two-compartment system necessary for the development of the mammalian oocyte. Importantly, this microfluidic system can be easily adapted for sterile, high throughput applications.
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Pedrotty, Dawn M., Jennifer Koh, Bryce H. Davis, Doris A. Taylor, Patrick Wolf, and Laura E. Niklason. "Engineering skeletal myoblasts: roles of three-dimensional culture and electrical stimulation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 288, no. 4 (April 2005): H1620—H1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00610.2003.
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Immature skeletal muscle cells, or myoblasts, have been used in cellular cardiomyoplasty in attempts to regenerate cardiac muscle tissue by injection of cells into damaged myocardium. In some studies, muscle tissue within myoblast implant sites may be morphologically similar to cardiac muscle. We hypothesized that identifiable aspects of the cardiac milieu may contribute to growth and development of implanted myoblasts in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we designed a novel in vitro system to mimic some aspects of the electrical and biochemical environment of native myocardium. This system enabled us to separate the three-dimensional (3-D) electrical and biochemical signals that may be involved in myoblast proliferation and plasticity. Myoblasts were grown on 3-D polyglycolic acid mesh scaffolds under control conditions, in the presence of cardiac-like electrical current fluxes, or in the presence of culture medium that had been conditioned by mature cardiomyocytes. Cardiac-like electrical current fluxes caused increased myoblast number in 3-D culture, as determined by DNA assay. The increase in cell number was due to increased cellular proliferation and not differences in apoptosis, as determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling. Cardiomyocyte-conditioned medium also significantly increased myoblast proliferation. Expression of transcription factors governing differentiation along skeletal or cardiac lineages was evaluated by immunoblotting. Although these assays are qualitative, no changes in differentiation state along skeletal or cardiac lineages were observed in response to electrical current fluxes. Furthermore, from these experiments, conditioned medium did not appear to alter the differentiation state of skeletal myoblasts. Hence, cardiac milieu appears to stimulate proliferation but does not affect differentiation of skeletal myoblasts.
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Straub, Timothy M., Rachel A. Bartholomew, Catherine O. Valdez, Nancy B. Valentine, Alice Dohnalkova, Richard M. Ozanich, Cynthia J. Bruckner-Lea, and Douglas R. Call. "Human norovirus infection of Caco-2 cells grown as a three-dimensional tissue structure." Journal of Water and Health 9, no. 2 (December 23, 2010): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2010.106.
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Human norovirus (hNoV) infectivity was studied using a three-dimensional model of large intestinal epithelium. Large intestine Caco-2 cells were grown in rotating wall vessel bioreactors for 18–21 days at 37°C and then transferred to 24-well tissue culture plates where they were infected with GI.1 and GII.4 human noroviruses collected from human challenge trials and various outbreak settings, respectively. Compared with uninfected cells, transmission micrographs of norovirus-infected cells displayed evidence of shortening or total loss of apical microvilli, and vacuolization. Quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) indicated an approximate 2–3 log10 increase in viral RNA copies for the infected cells. A passage experiment examined both the ability for continued viral RNA and viral antigen detection. In the passaged samples 1.01 × 106 copies ml−1 were detected by qRT-PCR. Immune electron microscopy using primary antibody to hNoV GI.1 capsids in conjunction with 6 nm gold-labelled secondary antibodies was performed on crude cellular lysates. Localization of antibody was observed in infected but not for uninfected cells. Our present findings, coupled with earlier work with the three-dimensional small intestinal INT407 model, demonstrate the utility of 3-D cell culture methods to develop infectivity assays for enteric viruses that do not readily infect mammalian cell cultures.
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Gutschmidt, Daniela, and Antonio Vera. "Dimensions of police culture – a quantitative analysis." Policing: An International Journal 43, no. 6 (October 10, 2020): 963–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-06-2020-0089.
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PurposeMany authors describe police culture as a relevant determinant of officers' health, policing behavior and reaction to change. Investigation of such relationships requires an appropriate instrument for measuring police culture.Design/methodology/approachThis paper proposes a questionnaire containing 20 values that are characteristic of police culture (e.g. masculinity, loyalty, solidarity). In an online survey, 153 German police officers described their last workgroups in terms of how typical these values are. Besides conducting item and factor analyses, multiple regression models were tested to explore the effect of group characteristics on police culture.FindingsA four-factor solution, comprising (1) conservative-male culture, (2) institutional pride culture, (3) team culture and (4) diligence culture, seems to fit the data best. Significant predictors of the police culture total score are percentage of male officers, average age of the group and service in a problematic district.Research limitations/implicationsOverall, the results indicate that police culture is a measurable multidimensional construct, which substantially depends on the composition and the operational area of the workgroup. A limitation of the study is the retrospective and subjective assessment of cultural values.Originality/valueThe questionnaire presented in this paper depicts the culture of police workgroups in a differentiated way and is able to detect cultural variation within the police. Future research could draw on the questionnaire to investigate determinants and consequences of police culture.
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Chang, T., G. I. Bondarenko, M. Durning, K. Vielhuber, M. A. Garthwaite, and T. G. Golos. "124 A THREE-DIMENSIONAL IN VITRO IMPLANTATION MODEL WITH NONHUMAN PRIMATE EMBRYOS AND EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX UNDER VARIOUS CULTURE CONDITIONS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 1 (2008): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv20n1ab124.
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The need for blastocyst culture and post-implantation embryo research has emerged in the past few years. Our objective is to evaluate a novel in vitro model to study implantation and placenta formation in vitro with rhesus macaque embryos under various culture conditions. A novel nonhuman primate in vitro 3-D system can provide cues for implantation and interaction with the extracellular environment not available in 2-D planar models. Optimization of such a model can be tested with diverse culture environments. We developed and evaluated an in vitro 3-D implantation model utilizing IVF-derived, blastocyst-stage rhesus macaque embryos embedded in 3-D Matrigel droplets cultured with different feeder cells and media. Signs of implantation including enlargement of the embryo mass, invasion and proliferation of trophectoderm cell layers, cystic formation, and cellular outgrowths derived from the embryo were initiated within the first week post-embedding. Trophoblast structures with protrusion and branches growing from the surface of embryo implants were observed. Immunohistochemical staining for chorionic gonadotropin (CG) combined with immunoassays for CG and progesterone indicated differentiation of trophoblastic cell lineages. In addition, we found morphological factors, such as proliferation of embryonic and extraembryonic structures, as well as initiation of protrusions interacting with the extracellular matrix, to predict successful establishment of prolonged embryo development. We further evaluated effects of different types of feeder cells and media combinations, and found that a combination of BRL, Ishikawa cells, and human uterine fibroblasts, provided an optimized culture microenvironment to promote peri-implantation embryo development and hormone secretion including CG and progesterone. In conclusion, we have established a 3-D in vitro system modeling implantation initiation, and demonstrating the capability of the embryo to interact with the extracellular matrix. Further studies will facilitate the methodology of peri-implantation blastocyst culture and accelerate our understanding of nonhuman primate embryo development, with potential for insights into early pregnancy loss and related pathologies. The present study and future directions may be extended to provide retrospective views on blastocyst selection for embryo transfer in assisted reproductive technology. This study was funded by NIH grants RR000167, RR21876, and HD053926.
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Fauzi, Iliana, Nicki Panoskaltsis, and Athanasios Mantalaris. "A Novel, Three Dimensional (3D) Culture System for the Efficient, Single-Step Erythropoietic Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (mESCs)." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 2044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.2044.2044.
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Abstract Abstract 2044 Current established protocols for the culture and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) utilise two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture flasks/dishes. These culture methods are cumbersome and inefficient involving three stages: a) maintenance/expansion of undifferentiated ESCs, b) spontaneous differentiation through formation of embryoid bodies (EBs), and c) dissociation of EBs and replating leading to the terminal differentiation to the desired lineages. One of the major challenges in the use of ESCs for the production of red blood cells is controlling their differentiation pathway(s). Optimal culture conditions and requirements as well as precise differentiation mechanisms and cellular interactions within EBs are still not well characterised, resulting in sub-optimal control of homogenous differentiation especially due to the formation of all three germ layers. Furthermore, cavitation within EBs results in loss of available cell numbers, which reduces the yield and quality of the cellular product outcomes. To date, the most efficient protocols for the generation of oxygen-transporting, enucleated red blood cells from ESCs require co-culture with feeder cells and a multi-step process that lasts for approximately one month rendering such protocols difficult to scale-up. We have developed an integrated, single-step bioprocess that: a) uses conditioned medium (CM) derived from HepG2, a human hepatocarcinoma cell line, that stimulates mesoderm formation, b) facilitates 3D culture through encapsulation of undifferentiated mESCs in hydrogels, c) bypasses EB formation, and d) involves culture in a rotating wall vessel bioreactor that does not require passaging of the cells and is scalable and automatable. Previously, we have shown that in traditional 2D culture systems use of HepG2-CM facilitated early differentiation of mESCs into hematopoietic cells, as shown by expression of C-Myb, C-kit, Gata-2, SCL, and beta-globin genes, in comparison with that of control cultures. A significantly higher number (p≤0.001) of hematopoietic colonies was also achieved in conditioned medium-treated murine embryonic stem cells (CM)-mESC, at day 7 and 14, with a two-fold enhancement of all myeloid-erythroid progenitor colonies. Nucleated eythrocytes and macrophages were identified in the CM-mESC group as early as day 7 of culture. However, attempting to bypass the EB formation step in the 2D culture system did not produce any hematopoietic cells even by the conditioned medium-treated embryonic stem cells. Here, we now demonstrate, that single-step 3D cultures of encapsulated mESCs can produce hematopoietic cells bypassing EB formation. Specifically, undifferentiated mESCs were encapsulated (20,000 cells per hydrogel bead) and placed inside the rotating wall vessel bioreactor. The experimental group was exposed to conditioned medium supplemented with LIF for 3 days to stimulate mesoderm formation bypassing EB formation and terminal hematopoietic differentiation was accomplished by simply changing the culture medium and replacing it with 3U/ml hEPO and 40ng/ml mSCF. A significant increase in the number (p≤ 0.05) of hematopoietic colonies was observed from CM-mESCs at day 14, with a total five-fold expansion as well as enhancement of erythroid progenitors, BFU-E and CFU-E formation. A higher expression of hematopoietic genes, C-Myb, C-kit, Gata-2, SCL, as well as erythroid genes, EKLF and beta-major globin was also reported at 3 weeks of culture in low concentrations of cytokines in the bioreactor. Immunophenotypic analysis of the highly viable cells collected from the CM-mESCs group confirmed the positive expression of the proerythroblast markers (TER-119 and CD71). In conclusion, we have devised a scalable, automatable, single-step process for the derivation of mature erythrocytes from mESCs which may be used for further study of erythroid development and applications in the human system. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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de Mesa, A. Arango, M. Cheyroux, and E. Edlinger. "Mise en évidence du virus herpès simplex (VHS) par effet cytopathogène en culture cellulaire, par immunofluorescence et par un test d'hybridation." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 15, no. 9 (September 1985): 515–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(85)80057-3.
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Winley, Graham Kenneth, and Tipa Sriyabhand. "Culture in Thai Society and Online Virtual Communities." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 12, no. 1 (January 2020): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicthd.2020010102.
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Cultural characteristics of an online virtual community (VC) are compared with cultural characteristics of Thai society (TS). Cultural characteristics are analyzed using Hofstede's dimensions and data from a sample of 369 Thai citizens who are active members of a VC. Also, associations between cultural characteristics and personal characteristics (gender, age, education, VC experience, and work position) were examined in both contexts. The findings indicate (1) individualism, masculinity, and indulgence are more evident in TS than in a VC; (2) in a VC, there were no significant differences between males and females. In TS, males placed more emphases on power distance and uncertainty avoidance and less on long term orientation; and (3) in a VC, only age and experience were associated significantly with cultural dimensions. In TS, work position was the only characteristic that was not associated significantly with cultural dimensions. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.
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Lambros, Maria P., Lavanya Kondapalli, Cyrus Parsa, Hari Chandana Mulamalla, Robert Orlando, Doreen Pon, Ying Huang, and Moses S. S. Chow. "Molecular Signatures in the Prevention of Radiation Damage by the Synergistic Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine and Qingre Liyan Decoction, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Using a 3-Dimensional Cell Culture Model of Oral Mucositis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/425760.
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Qingre Liyan decoction (QYD), a Traditional Chinese medicine, and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) have been used to prevent radiation induced mucositis. This work evaluates the protective mechanisms of QYD, NAC, and their combination (NAC-QYD) at the cellular and transcriptional level. A validated organotypic model of oral mucosal consisting of a three-dimensional (3D) cell tissue-culture of primary human keratinocytes exposed to X-ray irradiation was used. Six hours after the irradiation, the tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and a TUNEL assay to assess histopathology and apoptosis, respectively. Total RNA was extracted and used for microarray gene expression profiling. The tissue-cultures treated with NAC-QYD preserved their integrity and showed no apoptosis. Microarray results revealed that the NAC-QYD caused the upregulation of genes encoding metallothioneins,HMOX1, and other components of the Nrf2 pathway, which protects against oxidative stress. DNA repair genes (XCP,GADD45G,RAD9, andXRCC1), protective genes (EGFRandPPARD), and genes of the NFκB pathway were upregulated. Finally, tissue-cultures treated prophylactically with NAC-QYD showed significant downregulation of apoptosis, cytokines and chemokines genes, and constrained damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). NAC-QYD treatment involves the protective effect of Nrf2, NFκB, and DNA repair factors.
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Bao, Q., and R. C. Hughes. "Galectin-3 expression and effects on cyst enlargement and tubulogenesis in kidney epithelial MDCK cells cultured in three-dimensional matrices in vitro." Journal of Cell Science 108, no. 8 (August 1, 1995): 2791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.108.8.2791.
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Galectin-3 is a member of a closely related family of beta-galactoside-binding soluble proteins found in many vertebrate epithelial and myeloid cell types. The developmentally regulated presence of galectin-3 in tissues, for example kidney, and an affinity for many cell-surface and matrix glycoproteins indicate its importance in extracellular biological processes. Since a polarised expression and secretion of galectin-3 was observed in monolayer-cultured MDCK cells, an understanding of the secretion and distribution of this lectin in a three-dimensional in vitro model would help to uncover its role(s) in the interplay between cell-surface adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix components occurring during cell aggregation and polarisation in tissue formation. In this study, the cellular distribution and secretion of galectin-3 were examined in MDCK cells cultured within a gel matrix. MDCK cells were cultured within type I collagen or Matrigel to obtain multicellular cysts, and tubule formation was induced in collagen gels with hepatocyte growth factor. Immunofluorescent staining of these structures using antibodies against galectin-3 and other cell-surface domain markers was carried out either in situ or on cryosections and was visualised by confocal and conventional epifluorescence microscopy. Our results show that MDCK cells suspended in hydrated collagen gels or Matrigel exhibit differential and polarised galectin-3 expression on the baso-lateral surface domains of cells lining the cysts. The lectin is colocalised with laminin on the basal surface. In tubule-forming cysts, galectin-3 is excluded from the initial spikes and the progressing tips of the tubules although its basolateral expression on the cyst body remains. Galectin-3 added exogenously to cultures, as well as antibodies against laminin subunits and integrin beta 1 subunit, exerted an inhibitory effect on cyst enlargement of MDCK cells in 3-D Matrigel while galectin-3-specific antibodies could promote this process. The results suggest that galectin-3 exerts its effect on MDCK cells in a three-dimensional environment through modulation of both cell-cell and cell-substratum adhesions, and the interplay between these adhesions is important in the growth of multicellular aggregates and extensions occurring during normal kidney tubulogenesis.
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Wei, Chunyang, Chengzhuang Yu, Shanshan Li, Tiejun Li, Jiyu Meng, and Junwei Li. "Easy-to-Operate Co-Flow Step Emulsification Device for High-Throughput Three-Dimensional Cell Culture." Biosensors 12, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12050350.
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Cell culture plays an essential role in tissue engineering and high-throughput drug screening. Compared with two-dimensional (2D) in vitro culture, three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture can mimic cells in vivo more accurately, including complex cellular organizations, heterogeneity, and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. This article presents a droplet-based microfluidic chip that integrates cell distribution, 3D in vitro cell culture, and in situ cell monitoring in a single device. Using the microfluidic “co-flow step emulsification” approach, we have successfully prepared close-packed droplet arrays with an ultra-high-volume fraction (72%) which can prevent cells from adhering to the chip surface so as to achieve a 3D cell culture and make scalable and high-throughput cell culture possible. The proposed device could produce droplets from 55.29 ± 1.52 to 95.64 ± 3.35 μm, enabling the diverse encapsulation of cells of different sizes and quantities. Furthermore, the cost for each microfluidic CFSE chip is approximately USD 3, making it a low-cost approach for 3D cell culture. The proposed device is successfully applied in the 3D culture of saccharomyces cerevisiae cells with an occurrence rate for proliferation of 80.34 ± 3.77%. With low-cost, easy-to-operate, high-throughput, and miniaturization characteristics, the proposed device meets the requirements for 3D in vitro cell culture and is expected to be applied in biological fields such as drug toxicology and pharmacokinetics.
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Ballestreri, Érica, Carlos Alexandre Fedrigo, Carlos Alexandre Fedrigo, Gabriel Ratund, Gabriel Ratund, Felipe Umpierre Conter, Felipe Umpierre Conter, Ivana Grivicich, and Ivana Grivicich. "Development of three-dimensional cell culture spheroid model for non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell line nci-h460 exposed to cisplatin / Desenvolvimento de modelo de cultura celular tridimensional para a linhagem celular de carcinoma de pulmão de não-pequenas células nci-h460 expostas á cisplatina." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 12 (December 29, 2021): 11140–115148. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n12-331.
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The three-dimensional culture models have been developed to promote better simulation of in vivo conditions of cellular interactions and phenotypic expressions. Since each cell line behaves differently and not all aggregate three-dimensionally, the objectives of this study were to standardize the conditions for cultivation spheroids produced from the human non-smal-cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H460, and evaluate the effects of cisplatin in this model. We investigated the best cell density for the formation of spheroids and their growth time in culture conditions. For this, spheroids were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin. The analysis was performed by measuring the diameter of the spheroids before treatment and measured 48 h after treatment and then every 3 days. The standard cell density conditions obtained was 10 x 104 cells. Spheroids were collected from the 7th day and isolated in a non-adherent matrix well (covered with 2% agar and culture medium), remaining viable until the 17th day. From the 8th day of isolated culture, the cisplatin promoted a reduction in the growth of spheroids dependent on the concentration used. Thus, it was concluded that it was possible to standardize the effective methodology for the formation and maintenance of spheroids from this cell line, as well as cisplatin inhibited the growth of the spheroids, suggesting its cytotoxic effect also cultures in three-dimensional model.
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Mulyati, Tatik. "PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, BUDAYA AKADEMIK DAN KEPEMIMPINAN SPIRITUAL TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN IMPLIKASINYA." EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan) 19, no. 1 (February 2, 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2015.v19.i1.1756.
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The purpose of this study describes competency, academic culture, spiritual leadership, motivation and lecturers’performance; to analyze the influence of competency, academic culture and spiritual leadership on motivation and to analyze the influence of competency, academic culture and spiritual leadership on lecturers’performance through motivation in Merdeka University in East Java. Using the ‘Structural Equation Modeling’ with 193 lectures as samples, this study has following results: (1) Competencies’ factor dimensions consist of pedagogical competency, professional competency, personality competency and social competency all showed significant contributions to competency. As academic culture’s factor dimensions, infrastructure, organizational management, curriculum and involvement-participation all showed significant contributions to academic culture. Regarding factor dimensions, integrity, communication and intelligence all showed significant contributions to spiritual leadership. With respect factor dimensions, physiological need, social need and sense of belonging, self-esteem need and self-actualization need all showed significant contributions to motivation. In addition, the lecturers’performance, education and teaching-learning, research and development, community service with extra activities contributed significantly. (2) Competency has significant impact on motivation; but not with academic culture and spiritual leadership (3) Academic culture has significant impact on lecturers’performance but not with competency and spiritual leadership; (4) Motivation mediates the effect of competency on lecturers’performance. Thus, spiritual leadership has no impact on motivation nor lecturers’ performance.
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Leicht, Lisa, Tilmann Wendel, and Maximilian Wolf. "Implementierung von agiler Führung in multinationalen Konzernen: Empirische Erkenntnisse aus der Halbleiterbranche." Leadership, Education, Personality: An Interdisciplinary Journal 2, no. 1 (August 24, 2020): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s42681-020-00012-3.
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Abstract This paper provides empirical insights and practical implications for the implementation process of agile leadership in multinational firms. Building on Häußler’s and Fischer’s Trafo-model our research shows that the dimensions “culture” and “leadership” have been important dimensions for the Advantest Europe GmbH in 2017 to boost the implementation of agile leadership. Concerning the dimension “culture” the most important insight was that agile leadership is more than agile methods such as Scrum or Kanban. Concerning the dimension “leadership” our results show for example that a lack of a common understanding of agile leadership and role conflicts of managers complicate the implementation of agile leadership. Our research has several implications for the practical implementation of agile leadership such as setting up a common understanding of agile leadership or developing clear mechanisms for delegation.
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Zamora, Roberto, and Rosalinda Hernandez. "The Impact of Organizational Health on Student Achievement in a High Needs District." Journal of Studies in Education 6, no. 3 (August 31, 2016): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jse.v6i3.9904.
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This study establishes the relationship between organizational health and student achievement in English Language Arts and Mathematics in grades 3-11. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess the relationship between student achievement as measured by student performance in the State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness and organizational health. The Spearman Rho correlation coefficient was computed to determine the strength of the relationships between student achievement and the ten dimensions of organizational health. The findings indicated there was a positive relationship between student performance and the dimensions of organizational health with morale and goal focus exhibiting the greatest strengths.Key words: organizational health, dimensions, accountability, school culture, organizational culture
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Arun, Korhan, Cem Şen, and Olcay Okun. "How does Leadership Effectiveness related to the Context? Paternalistic Leadership on non-financial Performance within a cultural Tightness- Looseness Model?" Journal of East European Management Studies 25, no. 3 (2020): 503–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2020-3-503.
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Current emphasis in culture research focuses on how leaders might change the culture to improve organizational performance. However, how culture affects organizational performance under active leadership relations research has resulted in conceptual ambiguities, as well as contradictory empirical findings. We argue that organizational culture moderates the effectiveness of leadership on organizational performance. We used an ethical approach to generalize paternalistic leadership in moderating Turkish organizational culture. The results indicate that paternalistic leadership functions are divided into two dimensions: family relationships and non-work life involvement, and the overall effects of paternalistic leadership on non-financial performance are unconnected to organizational culture, namely cultural tightness-looseness (CTL).
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Umetsu, Araya, Yosuke Ida, Tatsuya Sato, Megumi Watanabe, Yuri Tsugeno, Masato Furuhashi, Fumihito Hikage, and Hiroshi Ohguro. "Brimonidine Modulates the ROCK1 Signaling Effects on Adipogenic Differentiation in 2D and 3D 3T3-L1 Cells." Bioengineering 9, no. 7 (July 19, 2022): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9070327.
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The additive effects of an α2-adrenergic agonist, brimonidine (BRI), on the pan-ROCK inhibitor (ROCK-i), ripasudil (Rip), and the ROCK2-I, KD025, on adipogenic differentiation (DIF+) were examined using two- or three-dimension (2D or 3D) cultures of 3T3-L1 cells. The following analyses were carried out: (1) lipid staining (2D and 3D), (2) real-time measurements of cellular metabolism (2D), (3) mRNA expression of DIF+ related genes and extracellular matrix molecules (ECMs) including collagen (Col)-1, -4, and -6, and fibronectin (Fn), and (4) the sizes and physical properties of the 3D spheroids. The findings indicate that DIF+ induced (1) a substantial enhancement in lipid staining and enhanced expression of the Pparγ and Fabp4 genes, (2) significantly larger and softer 3D spheroids, and (3) down-regulation of Col1 and Fn and up-regulation of Col4 and Col6 genes. Treatment with Rip alone caused a significant enhancement in adipogenesis of both the 2D and 3D cultured 3T3-L1 cells and in the physical properties of the 3D spheroids; these effects were substantially inhibited by BRI, and the effects induced by BRI or KD025 were not insignificant. These collective findings indicate that the addition of BRI inhibited the Rip-induced enhancement of DIF+ in 3T3-L1 cells, presumably by modulating ROCK1 signaling.
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Globočnik, Katja Lumbar, Anja Žnidaršič, and Marko Ferjan. "Relationship between Russian societal culture and public relations strategies." Journal of East European Management Studies 24, no. 3 (2019): 375–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2019-3-375.
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The study is a part of the dissertation about the influence of environmental variables on public relations in companies in Russia. This paper is focused on the relationship between public relations strategies and societal culture as defined in the GLOBE theoretical framework (House et al. 2004) with nine dimensions: uncertainty avoidance, power distance, institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism, gender egalitarianism, assertiveness, future orientation, performance and humane orientation. Quantitative research was conducted on the sample of 225 public relations specialists. According to our findings, the societal culture significantly influences two-way, symmetrical, asymmetrical, ethical, unethical, interpersonal, mediated communication and conservation strategies. The study did not confirm same influence on one-way communication and cultural interpretation.
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Kumar, D. "Exploring Court Culture and its Scale Development." Psychology and Law 11, no. 2 (2021): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2021110217.
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I conducted three interlocking studies to explore the concept of court culture and to develop a court culture scale. In study 1, I conducted in-depth interviews of legal professionals and clients (n=51) from the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Uttarakhand (UK) to identify the indicators of court culture. In study 2, I generated the items and refined them. In study 3, I surveyed legal professionals to assess measurement dimensionality and reliability (n=517). The scale indicated seven independent court culture dimensions: outcome orientation, manipulation, discipline, individualism & collectivism, work orientation, pride, and professionalism.
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Tanimizu, Naoki, Atsushi Miyajima, and Keith E. Mostov. "Liver Progenitor Cells Develop Cholangiocyte-Type Epithelial Polarity in Three-dimensional Culture." Molecular Biology of the Cell 18, no. 4 (April 2007): 1472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-09-0848.
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Cholangiocytes are cellular components of the bile duct system of the liver, which originate from hepatoblasts during embryonic liver development. Although several transcription factors and signaling molecules have been implicated in bile duct development, its molecular mechanism has not been studied in detail. Here, we applied a three-dimensional (3D) culture technique to a liver progenitor cell line, HPPL, to establish an in vitro culture system in which HPPL acquire differentiated cholangiocyte characteristics. When HPPL were grown in a gel containing Matrigel, which contains extracellular matrix components of basement membrane, HPPL developed apicobasal polarity and formed cysts, which had luminal space inside. In the cysts, F-actin bundles and atypical protein kinase C were at the apical membrane, E-cadherin was localized at the lateral membrane, and β-catenin and integrin α6 were located at the basolateral membrane. HPPL in cysts expressed cholangiocyte markers, including cytokeratin 19, integrin β4, and aquaporin-1, but not a hepatocyte marker, albumin. Furthermore, HPPL transported rhodamine 123, a substrate for multidrug resistance gene products, from the basal side to the central lumen. These data indicate that HPPL develop cholangiocyte-type epithelial polarity in 3D culture. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling was essential for proliferation and survival of HPPL in culture, whereas laminin-1 was a crucial component of Matrigel for inducing epithelial polarization of HPPL. Because HPPL cysts display structural and functional similarities with bile ducts, the 3D culture of HPPL recapitulates in vivo cholangiocyte differentiation and is useful to study the molecular mechanism of bile duct development in vitro.
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Elbaz, Jamal, Sadia Iddik, and Mohamed Oubal. "The effects of Cultural factors on GSCM implementation, Empirical evidence from Morocco." SHS Web of Conferences 119 (2021): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111903002.
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This paper aims to link Green SCM and cultural factors by empirically testing a conceptual model emphasizing how national culture and organizational culture affect the GSCM implementation. The conceptual model includes the effects of the firm’s characteristics, especially the firm size, type and industry sectors, on the application of GSCM practices. This paper was conducted among a sample of manufacturing companies incorporating a range of industrial sectors from Morocco. The data was collected using an online questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 25 and SmartPLS software 3. The findings have provided empirical evidence regarding the significant effect of national culture and organizational culture on GSCM implementation. The moderator variables, firm type and firm size, have a significant impact on the relationship between cultural factors and GSCM, except for the industry sector, which does not explain the implementation of green practices.The findings of this paper are expected to help managers and business owners develop cultural orientations that ensure and encourage sustainability and green SCM practices. The existing literature has mainly examined eithernational culture dimensions or organizational culture dimensions’ effects on green supply chain initiatives in developed countries. Thus, this paper highlights the fact that cultural dimensions can be deployed together at the same level of analysis to analyze which one predict better the GSCM integration.
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DAMELIN, L., S. CHOUDHURY, S. COWARD, M. HUBANK, H. HODGSON, and C. SELDEN. "1086 HEPG2 cells in 3-dimensional culture exhibit elevated expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism — further evidence that cells cultured in alginate can provide the cellular component of a bioartificial liver." Hepatology 38 (2003): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0270-9139(03)81124-2.
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Vukonjanski, Jelena, Milan Nikolić, Olga Hadžić, Edit Terek, and Milena Nedeljković. "Relationship between GLOBE organizational culture dimensions, job satisfaction and leader-member exchange in Serbian organizations." Journal of East European Management Studies 17, no. 3 (2012): 333–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2012-3-333.
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Wang, I.-Ming, Chich-Jen Shieh, and Fu-Jin Wang. "EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 36, no. 8 (January 1, 2008): 1011–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.8.1011.
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Based on 150 valid questionnaires, an investigation was undertaken through correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis to examine the following: the correlation between human capital investment and organizational performance, between organizational culture and human capital investment, between organizational culture and organizational performance, and finally the effect of organizational culture on the correlation between human capital investment and organizational performance. The relationship between staff training and development and internal trust relations positively correlated with organizational value. That same relationship was enhanced by organizational identification. On the other hand, the correlation between the 3 dimensions of organizational performance and the other 2 dimensions of human capital investment (staff recruitment; staff inspiration) was not influenced by the presence of either organizational identification or organizational value.
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Abriszewski, Krzysztof. "Uczestnictwo jednostek w kulturze. Uwagi na temat nowej dynamiki kultury na przykładzie melomanów i ewolucji nośników muzyki." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 55, no. 1 (January 18, 2011): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2011.55.1.3.
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The aim of the text is to sketch the dynamics of contemporary culture, focussing on the concept of participation. General remarks are accompanied by illustrations taken from ethnographic study on music lovers faced with evolution of musical media (vinyl records, CDs, files). Following Marek Krajewski, the author rejects the traditional notion of “participation”, and uses his redefinition of the term. He stresses three dimensions of cultural participation: 1. participation as socialization; 2. participation as reshaping the participants themselves, which makes material traces; 3. participation as metaparticipation, ie. the modifying of the conditions of participation. At the same time, three crucial dimensions of the notion of “culture” are taken into consideration, which enables us to analyze the participation understood in the proposed way from a triple perspective: 1. participation takes place within culture, culture enables participation to occur; 2. culture is a resource used in the process of participation; 3. culture as “something beyond interaction” emerges in the course of participation. The author argues that thinking of participation in this way, the contemporary culture is to be viewed as clash between many heterogeneous forces, where constructing and maintaining stable areas is the exception rather than a rule. This is why it is so important to study of how the orders of participation are stabilized. Various forms of institutionalized reflexivity are ubiquitous in contemporary culture. Our culture is tyrannized by information, and the acceleration connected to it.
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Carolina, Sally, and Sri Hartati R. Suradijono. "Parental Belief dan Self-Esteem Anak: Studi pada Budaya Betawi." Provitae: Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan 12, no. 1 (August 13, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/provitae.v12i1.5052.
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Self-esteem is one aspect that can affect the mental development of children and will further affect the well-being of individuals. One of the factors that can influence is parenting from parents. Parental belief is one of the factors that play a role to underlie the behavior of parents to children. This study aims to see the picture of the dimensions that on parental belief variable, that is child rearing of belief scale, attribute of intelligence, and educational goals, as well as its influence on the development of self-esteem in elementary school-age children, especially in grade 3, 4 and 5 elementary school children on the people of the Betawi culture. Betawi culture is used as a special context in this study because it has unique characteristics when compared to other cultures in Indonesia. The number of participants included in this study were 36 participants spread across several areas of Jakarta. The parental belief in Betawi culture according to the dimensions in PBQ is obtained in the dimensions of the child rearing belief scale, the highest subdimension is developing practical skills; on the dimensions of attributes of intelligence, the highest subdimension is motivation for school tasks; and on the dimensions of the educational goals, the highest subdimension is emphasize conformity. To see the effect of dimensions on parental belief in self esteem, researchers use multiple regression methods. The results obtained there were no significant effects of each dimension of parental belief in children self-esteem.
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Shehu Lokaj, Alma, and Thelleza Latifi Sadrija. "Organizational culture influenced by leadership styles: the case of private businesses in Kosovo." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.25.
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The characteristics and importance of leadership styles to organizational change are of particular importance for the development of organizational culture. This study aims to test leadership styles and the impact of the correlation between leadership style and organizational culture on the level of employees’ readiness across a range of leadership outcome measures. This study provides empirical evidence for the impact of leadership styles on organizational culture and vice versa. A questionnaire was distributed to 450 employees in private organizations in Kosovo. The obtained results show that organizational culture was a significant predictor for both transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles. Based on the dimensions of organizational culture concerning Kosovar leadership styles (transformational, transactional, laissez-faire), their mutual influence dominates more on one variable and less on any other variable as a measuring mechanism for outputs and their interpretation. The study will help the organizations’ leadership understand that their leading style influences the organizational culture and, as such, the employees’ performance. In Kosovo, the concept of organizational culture concerning Kosovar leadership has not been properly developed, and measures should be taken by private businesses to settle this issue.
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Moon, Y. M., S. O. Kim, S. Kim, and Jae Ho Jeong. "Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Seeded Hyaluronic Acid-Collagen Scaffolds for Adipogenesis Investigated In Vivo." Key Engineering Materials 342-343 (July 2007): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.342-343.101.
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The purpose of this study is to confirm the possibility of regenerating actual fat tissue using human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) and hyaluronic acid-collagen sponge in animal model. Human ASCs of young female adults were isolated and culture expanded in basal media. At the second passage, cultured ASCs suspension containing 106 cells was applied on prewetted scaffolds the hyaluronic acid-collagen sponge and the sponges was exposed to adipogenic media for the 1week. Then the tissue engineered constructs were implanted into the subcutaneous pocket on the back of immunodeficient athymic nude mice for 3 weeks. Hyaluronic acid-collagen sponges without human ASCs were used as the control. After 3 weeks, specimens were harvested and adipogenic potentials were assessed with histological examination, RT-PCR for PPAR-γ2 expression and G-3-PDH activity. Tissue engineered fat tissue from ASCs and hyaluronic acid-collagen sponges demonstrated PPAR-γ2 positive expression and positive Oil red O staining. The histologic study showed definitive adipose tissue and rich vascular tissue within the engineered fat. Two-fold higher activities of G-3-PDH were identified in experimental group after 3 weeks as compared to control. By contrast, the specimen from control group did not show active vessel ingrowth and contained only few cellular elements within the scaffold. The control specimens failed to demonstrate adipogenic gene markers and were negative in oil red O staining. In conclusion, human ASCs can be differentiated into adipocytes and actual fat tissue engineering was possible with combination of adequate scaffold materials, such as hyaluronic acid-collagen sponges. These data demonstrate that fat tissue engineered from human ASCs can retain predefined shape and dimension for soft tissue augmentation and reconstruction of defects.
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Goula, Aspasia, Maria-Aggeliki Stamouli, Dimitra Latsou, Vasiliki Gkioka, and Niki Kyriakidou. "Learning Organizational Culture in Greek Public Hospitals." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041867.
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(1) Background: A learning organizational culture is crucial to the safety of patients and the quality of public health care. The aim of this study was to assess the learning organizational culture and capacity of Greek public hospitals. (2) Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was carried out in six public general hospitals and stratified sampling was used as the sampling technique. A total of 480 questionnaires were distributed to health care professionals and 380 valid questionnaires were returned (78% response rate). The comprehensive form of the Dimensions of Learning Organization Questionnaire (DLOQ), which was adapted and translated into Greek, was used for data collection in this survey. (3) Results: The level of learning organizational culture and capacity in the health units are very low. All seven dimensions of the learning organizational instrument are lower than the theoretically neutral median (3.0). Health care employees believe that the hospital’s existing culture and management practices do not foster and contribute to continuing learning, which is the fundamental aspect of self-development, department development and performance improvement. (4) Conclusions: Greek public hospitals need to adopt different types of leadership practices and culture in order to be able to facilitate organizational learning. Organizational learning (OL) is based on collaborative working, a culture that encompasses learning as participation in the organizational work practice. This transformation of culture should take place at all levels of learning to enhance results.
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Rende, Maria, Athanasios Mantalaris, Ricardo Morilla, Nayef Aqel, and Nicki Panoskaltsis. "Biology Of Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia In Successful Long-Term Cytokine-Free Three-Dimensional (3D) Static and Perfused 3D Hollow-Fibre Bioreactor Culture." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 2603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.2603.2603.
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Abstract In vitro Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) models are currently based on cell lines or, if primary cells are used, require co-culture or supplementation with abnormally high concentrations of exogenous cytokines (EC). These conditions introduce bias to the culture and fail to recapitulate the 3D environment integral to leukemic growth in bone marrow (BM). We have previously shown that human AML cell lines can be grown in 3D-polyurethane scaffolds (3D-PU) best when collagen-coated for 8 weeks in the absence of EC. This same cytokine-free platform supported proliferation and clonogenic capacity of human cord blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) for up to 6 weeks in static conditions (SC), with more rapid growth when cultured in a novel perfused 3D hollow-fibre bioreactor (PHFB), which utilizes permeable membranes embedded within the coated 3D-PU for the selective mass transport of nutrients/metabolites. Herein, we evaluated the potential for human primary de novo Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia (MPAL) cells to survive in culture in the absence of EC over 35d, within both collagen-coated 3D-PU scaffolds in SC and PHFB. MPAL cells were obtained from peripheral blood (PB) and BM aspirate samples after informed patient consent. Two distinct blast populations were found: (1) positive for CD33/13/MPO and negative forCD19/10/34/117/79a/TDT and (2) positive for CD19/10/34/79a/TDT and negative for CD33/MPO. MNCs were seeded at a density of 1.6 x 107 cells/cm3 within: (1) single scaffolds (5x5x5 mm3) performing full medium exchange every other day in SC, (2) PHFB (LxD: 141.5x9.7mm) with continuous perfusion of nutrients and removal of metabolites (VFR= 0.12 ml/min), both cultivated without EC for 35d. A standard two-dimensional (2D) Dexter culture was used in parallel as a control. Both PB-PU and BM-PU SC were run in parallel and monitored weekly over 35d for viability, proliferative capacity, and cellular phenotype; the PHFB was also run at the same time and sacrificed at d35 for analysis. Although cell viability decreased in SC over the first 2 weeks in both PB (59.2%) and BM (54.6%), viability increased again from d21 to d35, PB-PU (74.4%) > BM-PU (64.1%) = PB-PHFB (65%). In contrast, leukemic cells (LCs) cultured in 2D-flasks did not survive beyond day 21. In situ growth kinetics of both PB and BM LCs showed a similar trend in 3D-PU, peaking at d14-21 with no statistical differences along the 35d. In situ scanning electron microscopy showed that cellular density increased with culture time in SC and that LCs at d35 appeared organized in dense colonies and clusters within the pores of the scaffolds, particularly in the PB-PHBR. At d35, leukemic blasts similar in appearance to those of the original patient BM sample were observed in BM-PU, PB-PU scaffolds, and the PB-HFB core. Immunophentoyping by flow cytometry on cells extracted from all culture conditions showed that a leukemic blast population (90.9% in PB-HBR, 84.3% in PB-PU and 85.1% in BM-PU) was present in each, which was positive for CD19/CD10/CD34 and negative for CD13/TDT. Interestingly, this specific phenotype was not displayed in the original input cell populations of multilineage blasts, indicating potential clonal progression or selection of a previously non-dominant clone occurring within both SC and PHBR platforms simultaneously. To evaluate HFB performance and AML biology, bioprocess parameters (glucose, lactate, glutamine, glutamate, ammonia and pH) and cytokines were measured. Glucose was not completely consumed whereas lactate, glutamate and ammonia were produced at low and non-toxic levels throughout the 35 day culture; pH was physiologic and maintained at 7.38 (STD 0.07). IL-6 and G-CSF concentrations were high throughout the culture peaking at day 21-28 whereas IFNα2, IFN-γ, IL-10, TNFα and TGFα were all detected at low concentrations. Flt-3L was only produced at the end of culture whereas the cytokines GM-CSF, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-4, IL-12(p70), TNFβ, VEGF and EPO were not detected. In conclusion, these novel 3D in vitro static and perfusion bioreactor platforms successfully supported human MPAL cultivation without the use of EC or allogeneic cells, removing the introduction of bias in the study of leukemogenesis and its microenvironment. These platforms may also be used to evaluate culture fidelity and clonal evolution, to provide insight into AML biology, and as a biomimetic tool for drug discovery and chemotherapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Lee, Hyunjin, Hyuna Lee, Chae-Bin Na, and Jun-Beom Park. "The effects of simvastatin on cellular viability, stemness and osteogenic differentiation using 3-dimensional cultures of stem cells and osteoblast-like cells." Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine 28, no. 5 (February 5, 2019): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.17219/acem/94162.
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Sutisna, Noerlaeli Ono, Edison C. Sembiring, and Soehatman Ramli. "Analisis Implementasi Pengelolaan Keselamatan Kerja Perawat Era Pandemi Covid-19 pada Rumah Sakit Sabah Kuwait." Journal of Applied Management Research 2, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36441/jamr.v2i1.769.
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ABSTRAKThis study aims to measure the implementation of safety management for nurses' work safety culture with a cross-sectional design that analyzes the implementation of nurses' safety management for nurses' safety culture in the Covid-19 pandemic era at Kuwait's Sabah Hospital. The research sample was 110 nurses who worked in 2 Covid-19 female inpatient rooms and 2 Covid-19 male inpatient rooms using the total sampling method. Collecting information by using a Likert scale questionnaire. The results of the study on the perception of OSH management in the nurse's work safety culture personal dimensions of 42.79 (68%) with good category, behavioral dimensions of 44.51 (69%) in good category, and organizational dimensions of 36.57 (56%) with poor category. The results of OSH aspects that affect the implementation of OHS management in work safety culture personal dimensions on teamwork (1459) in the very good category, training (488) in the very good category, reporting (1416) in the good category, work environment (1344) with good category. Dimensions of behavior on the aspect of compliance (2456) with a very good category, the use of PPE (1464) with a very good category, communication (976) with a very good category. Organizational dimensions in the regulatory aspect (2119) in good category, leadership (1494) in good category, risk (410) in good category. It was concluded that the implementation of nurse safety management for work safety culture in the era of the covid-19 pandemic at the level of work safety culture was displayed from 3 dimensions with a total score of 1.78 for nurses' safety culture maturity level located at level 2 (managing). The results of this study are expected to be data for hospitals in order to further improve the management of work safety in the work safety culture of nurses so that they can improve the quality of health services in hospitals.Keywords: Occupational Safety Management, Work Safety Culture, Nurses.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur implementasi pengelolaan keselamatan kerja untuk budaya keselamatan kerja perawat dengan desain cross- sectional yang menganalisis implementasi pengelolaan keselamatan kerja perawat untuk budaya keselamatan kerja perawat di era pandemic Covid- 19 di rumah sakit Sabah Kuwait. Sampel penelitiannya adalah perawat berjumlah 110 orang yang bekerja di 2 ruang rawat inap wanita Covid- 19 dan 2 ruang rawat inap pria Covid- 19 dengan memakai metode pengambilan sampel total sampling. Pengumpulan informasi dengan memakai kuesioner skala likert. Hasil penelitian pada persepsi pengelolaan K3 di budaya keselamatan kerja perawat dimensi personal sebesar 42.79 (68%) dengan kategori baik, dimensi prilaku sebesar 44.51 (69%) dengan kategori baik, dan dimensi organisasi sebesar 36.57 (56%) dengan kategori kurang baik. Hasil dari aspek- aspek K3 yang mempengaruhi implementasi pengelolaan K3 di budaya keselamatan kerja dimensi personal pada kerja sama tim (1459) dengan kategori sangat baik, pelatihan (488) dengan kategori sangat baik, pelaporan (1416) dengan kategori baik, lingkungan kerja (1344) dengan kategori baik. Dimensi prilaku pada aspek kepatuhan (2456) dengan kategori sangat baik, pemakaian APD (1464) dengan kategori sangat baik, komunikasi (976) dengan kategori sangat baik. Dimensi organisasi pada aspek regulasi (2119) dengan kategori baik, kepemimpinan (1494) dengan kategori baik, resiko (410) dengan kategori baik. Disimpulkan implementasi pengelolaan keselamatan kerja perawat untuk budaya keselamatan kerja di era pandemic covid- 19 pada tingkatan level budaya keselamatan kerja ditampilkan dari 3 dimensi dengan total skor maturity level budaya keselamatan kerja perawat sebesar 1. 78 terletak di level 2 (managing). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bisa jadi data untuk rumah sakit agar lebih meningkatkan pengelolaan keselamatan kerja di budaya keselamatan kerja perawat sehingga bisa meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit.Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan Keselamatan Kerja, Budaya Keselamatan Kerja, Perawat.
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Singh, Niti, and Venkat R. Krishnan. "Towards Understanding Transformational Leadership in India: A Grounded Theory Approach." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 9, no. 2 (April 2005): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097226290500900203.
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An important factor that contributes to successful organizational transformation is leadership. Transformational leaders take strategic decisions and give shape to such changes, thereby ensuring that their organizations stay competitive. While the core of transformational leadership is universal, timeless and immanent, its behavioural manifestations, however, differ across cultures. This paper attempts to take a preliminary look at those behavioural manifestations of transformational leadership that are unique to Indian culture, most of which have been drawn from Singh and Bhandarker's (1988) model. After using the grounded theory method for data generation, 1617 response sets obtained from 250 working managers were content analyzed. Results show that the universal dimension of transformational leadership constitutes 44 per cent of the responses, while culture-specific dimensions constitute the rest. The 56 per cent Indian cultural dimensions have been operationalized through seven sub-dimensions, ‘Nurturant’ (20 per cent), ‘Personal Touch’ (13 per cent), ‘Expertise’ (7 per cent), ‘Simple-Living-High-Thinking’ (7 per cent), ‘Loyalty’ (4 per cent), ‘Self-Sacrifice’ (3 per cent), and ‘Giving Model of Motivation’ (2 per cent). The paper concludes by discussing the importance of recognizing culture-specific manifestations for leading change.
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Kirchanov, M. V. "“CULTURE OF UNKNOWLEDGE” AS A FORM OF HISTORICAL IMAGINATION AND POLITICAL CULTURE OF RUSSIAN AND BULGARIAN NATIONALISMS." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 5, no. 3 (September 20, 2021): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2021-5-3-357-366.
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The author analyzes the images of the Ukrainian and Macedonian languages in the political cultures of Internet users in Russia and Bulgaria. The non-academic concepts of the history and status of the Macedonian and Ukrainian languages are analyzed, and the dependence of such theories on the political and ideological situation is shown. It is assumed that the analyzed interpretations of the Ukrainian and Macedonian languages historically go back to the Russian and Bulgarian nationalisms, which deny the existence of separate Macedonian and Bulgarian languages, which automatically leads to non-recognition of the political legitimacy of countries where these languages are state ones. The author believes that the analyzed levels of political culture of Internet users, on the one hand, contradict the main provisions of academic science. On the other hand, it is assumed that the activity of supporters of the analyzed versions of the Ukrainian and Macedonian languages perception is predominantly virtual, assisting to the formation of the image of the enemy in political cultures. The author believes that the analyzed moods are extremely stable and adaptive, forming symbolically significant dimensions of the Russian and Bulgarian nationalist imaginations in promotion both the concepts of identity and the formation of the images of the Other.
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Bruni, Luis Emilio. "Cognitive Sustainability in the Age of Digital Culture." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 9, no. 2 (October 30, 2011): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v9i2.301.
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The aim of this article is to contextualize the implications of the expansion of digital culture in the on-going dis- cussions about the relations between sustainability and information and communication technologies. In order to relate the development of a global digital communication web, its effects on cultural processes and the issues of ecosystem and hu- man sustainability that humanity is facing, I will relate and elaborate on three aspects: 1) A Batesonean perspective on sustainability 2) The recent evolution of the technosphere, and 3) Yuri Lotman’s notion of Semiosphere and his semiotic theory of culture. This path will lead me to delineate some of the eco-ethical dimensions implied in the development of pervasive digital-interactive-immersive-representational technologies.