Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Culture and Empire'
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Goldstein, Matthew Mulligan. "Theosophy, culture, and empire /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Ali, Lamine Hashim. "The culture of the Mughal capital cities : 1556 to 1658." Phd thesis, Department of Indian Studies, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4016.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.Title from title screen (viewed January 28, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Indian Subcontinental Studies, School of Languages and Cultures, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
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McCloskey, Jason A. "Epic conflicts culture, conquest and myth in the Spanish Empire /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3350507.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Spanish and Portuguese, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 8, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-03, Section: A, page: 0890. Adviser: Steven Wagschal.
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Roy, Rajadipta. "Between culture and Empire : Reading Select Novels of Joseph conrad." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1576.
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Gollannek, Eric Frederick. ""Empire follows art" exchange and the sensory worlds of Empire in Britain and its colonies, 1740-1775 /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 427 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1625773591&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Ali, Lamine Hashim. "The culture of the Mughal capital cities, 1556 to 1658." Connect to full text, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4016.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.Title from title screen (viewed January 28, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Indian Subcontinental Studies, School of Languages and Cultures, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
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Cheang, I. Ian. "Deconstruction of the Disney Princess Empire." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1874212.
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Bassett, Melanie Marie. "The Royal Dockyard worker in Edwardian England : culture, leisure and empire." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-royal-dockyard-worker-in-edwardian-england(4e6cf63b-a4b1-4258-b638-211a67a34089).html.
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This thesis is a detailed study of the influence of imperialism on the English working-class male during the period of ‘high imperialism’. Recent debate on the impact of imperialism on the British working class has split academics between those who argue in favour of an imperial dominant ideology and those who question its impact. The thesis will address this disparity and make an original contribution to the historiography of British imperialism by examining discourses of ‘top down’ imperialism alongside working-class responses to evaluate their impact and highlight examples of cultural agency. By using a detailed study of the Portsmouth Royal Dockyard worker the thesis highlights the importance of local experiences in mediating the imperial narrative. The impact of workplace relations in the community, the civic elites, the provincial press and commercial leisure are explored to provide a nuanced understanding of how these processes worked in practice. Portsmouth’s Royal Dockyard worker provides an interesting case study as the town’s economic prosperity rested with the presence of the Admiralty in the town. The Royal Dockyard workers were the largest industrial group in the town and possessed a unique perspective as employees of the state. They were instrumental in the building and maintenance of the British Fleet, which continued to gain increasing interest during the Edwardian period due to the escalation of the Naval Arms Race with Germany and the other world powers. Their lack of trade union activity in comparison to northern and midland industrialised towns and the reliance on the strength of the Royal Navy to provide them with employment has led to assumptions that Royal Dockyard workers were deferential and subservient to the Admiralty and economically pre-disposed to “naval imperialism.” This study will offer a unique perspective on the study of imperialism by illustrating, not just how the working classes were subjected to imperialism from ‘above’, but how they were able to use concepts of empire to their own advantage. Rather than being subservient, deferential and economically predisposed to being ‘imperialists’ the thesis will argue that the workforce of the Royal Dockyard were active in their approaches to British imperial thought.
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Orlowska, Izabela Anna. "Re-imagining Empire : Ethiopian political culture under Yohannis IV, 1872-89." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560557.
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This thesis is concerned with the question of how the Ethiopian monarchy reconstructed and reinvented itself after more than a century of decline. It examines the internal dynamics of this process, by utilising primary source materials in indigenous Ethiopian languages. The main sources used are chronicles commemorating the reign of Y ohannis IV, the second of the monarchs who presided over the period widely regarded as marking the beginning of modem Ethiopian history. Chapter 1 outlines the main social and political themes essential for an understanding of Ethiopia in the late-nineteenth century. It deals with the origins of the national ideology, church-state relations, patronclient relations, the economic basis of society and land tenure. I then sketch the historical debate surrounding the period that provides the immediate context for the monarchy of Y ohannis IV. Chapter 2 examines the rise to power of Y ohannis and analyses this process by addressing understandings of authority, leadership and the role of charisma in the Ethiopian context. Chapter 3 examines how Solomonic genealogy and the religious symbols embedded in the glorious past of the monarchy were mobilised by Y ohannis to further his project of imperial reconstruction. Particular attention is paid to his coronation ceremony in 1872, as an example of the mobilization of imperial ideology, here expressed through the pageantry of political ritual. Chapters 4 and 5 look at the functioning of the Ethiopian political scene. Here oral sources supplement documentary material in order to identify new mechanisms and institutions that characterised the political culture of late nineteenth-century Ethiopia. Using historical narrative, reconstructed by tracing the lives and careers of prominent individuals on the political scene, I explain the dynamics of the centrifugal and centripetal forces that characterised centre-periphery relations. Chapter 6 examines the revived structure of the empire based on the concept of the king of kings and his relationship with his subordinate regional ruler.
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Schilling, Britta. "Memory, myth and material culture : visions of empire in postcolonial Germany." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530073.
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Loh, Waiyee. "Empire of culture : contemporary British and Japanese imaginings of Victorian Britain." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/82122/.
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Since the 1980s and 1990s, cultural commodities produced in both Britain and Japan have enjoyed an upsurge in global popularity, giving rise to notions of “Creative Britain” and “Cool Japan.” As a result of this boom, British and Japanese governments have attempted to develop and/or collaborate with both domestic and foreign cultural industries as a solution to national economic decline. This turn to culture as a means of generating economic revenue is part of a global trend where neoliberal economic ideas converge with the rise of a “creative economy.” This thesis argues that the image of Victorian Britain in Japanese shōjo manga, as well as in British neo-Victorian fiction, suggests that the history of free trade and British imperialism in East Asia in the nineteenth century underpins this increasing emphasis on cultural commodity production and export in Britain and Japan. In other words, British and Japanese neo-Victorian texts published in the period 1980-present demonstrate that what we call “globalisation” today is deeply informed by economic relations and cultural hierarchies established between distant places in the nineteenth century. Recognising these connections between past and present helps us understand why the Japanese today “choose” to consume British “high” cultural goods, and why the Japanese state and cultural industries “choose” to focus their energies on exporting popular culture products. These “choices,” I argue, are historically conditioned by Japan’s encounter with the West, and especially Britain, in the nineteenth century, and the perception of British cultural superiority that this encounter has fostered. In examining the transnational networks that connect Britain and Japan in the nineteenth century and in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century, this thesis uses a “global history” framework to expand existing approaches to neo-Victorianism, girl culture in Japan, and World Literature.
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Carey, Sorcha. "Pliny's catalogue of culture : art and empire in the "Natural History /." Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39900585r.
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David, James Corbett. "Dunmore's new world: Political culture in the British Empire, 1745--1796." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623561.
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Despite his participation in the Jacobite Rebellion of 1745, John Murray, fourth earl of Dunmore, eventually became royal governor of New York (1770-1771), Virginia (17711783), and the Bahama Islands (1787-1796). His life in the British Empire exposed him to an extraordinary range of political experience, including border disputes, land speculation, frontier warfare and diplomacy, sexual scandal, slave emancipation, naval combat, loyalist advocacy, Amerindian slavery, and trans-imperial filibusters, to say nothing of his proximity to the Haitian Revolution or his role in the defense of the British West Indies during the French Revolutionary Wars. Quick to break with convention on behalf of the system that ensured his privilege, Dunmore was an usually transgressive imperialist whose career can be used to explore the boundaries of what was possible in the political cultures of the Anglo-Atlantic world at the end of the eighteenth century.;Remarkably, Lord Dunmore has not been the subject of a book-length study in more than seventy years. With a few exceptions (the work of African American historians notable among them), modern scholars have dismissed him as a greedy incompetent. While challenging this characterization, the dissertation makes several arguments about the weakness of royal authority in pre-Revolutionary New York and Virginia, the prominent and problematic role of the land grant as a mechanism of political consent, the importance of Dunmore's proclamation of emancipation, and the endurance of British ambition in North America after 1783. It seeks to make a methodological contribution as well. By positioning Dunmore as the epicenter of a web of interrelations, one reflected in a variety of historical texts and involving people at all levels of the imperial social structure, the dissertation suffuses a host of elements and actors within a single biographical narrative. This integrated approach can serve to counter the excessive compartmentalization that has marked some academic history in recent decades.
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Amory, Patrick. "Ethnographic culture and the construction of community in Ostrogothic Italy, 489-554." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272776.
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au, Mkent@iinet net, and Michael Ian Anthony Kent. "The Invisible Empire: Border Protection on the Electronic Frontier." Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051222.112058.
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The first codes of the Internet made their tentative steps along the information highway in 1969, connecting two computers at UCLA. Since that time, the Internet has grown beyond institutions of research and scholarship. It is now a venue for commerce, popular culture and political discourse. The last decade, following the development of the World Wide Web, has seen access to the Internet, particularly in wealthy countries such as Australia, spread throughout the majority of the population. While this proliferation of users has created many opportunities, it also profiled questions of disadvantage. The development and continuation of a digital divide between the information haves and have nots was framed as a problem of access. In the context of the increasing population online, debates into social inequity have been directed at technical barriers to access, the physical infrastructure and economic impediments to the adoption of the medium by all members of society.
This doctoral research probes questions of access with greater subtlety, arching beyond the spread of broadband or the expansion of computers into schools. Forging dialogues between Internet and Cultural Studies, new theories of the screen as a barrier and border emerge. It is an appropriate time for such a study. The (seemingly) ever expanding growth in Internet access is stalling. New approaches are required to not only understand the pattern of events, but the type and mode of intervention that is possible.
This doctoral research takes theory, politics and policy to the next stage in the history of digital access. By forging interdisciplinary dialogues, the goal is to develop the concept of cultware. This term, building on the history of hardware, software and wetware, demonstrates the imperative of understanding context in the framing and forging of exclusion and disempowerment. Mobilising the insights of postcolonial theory, Popular Cultural Studies, literacy theory and socio-legal studies, a new network of exclusions emerge that require a broader palette of interventionary strategies than can be solved through infrastructure or freeing codes. Commencing with the Universal Service Obligation, and probing the meaning of each term in this phrase and policy, there is a discussion of networks and gates of the Digital Empire. Discussions then follow of citizenship, sovereignty, nationalism and the subaltern. By applying the insights of intellectual culture from the analogue age, there is not only an emphasis on the continuities between old and new media, but a confirmation of how a focus on the new can mask the profound perpetuation of analogue injustices.
Access to the Invisible Empire occurs for each individual in a solitary fashion. Alone at the screen, each person is atomised at the point where they interface with the digital. This thesis dissects that point of access. The three components of access at the screen hardware, software and wetware intersect and dialogue. All three components form a matrix of access. However, the ability to attain hardware, software and wetware are distinct. An awareness of how and where to attain these literacies requires the activation of cultware, the context in which the three components manifest. Without such an intersection, access is not possible. The size of the overlap determines the scale of the gateway and the value of access. There is an interaction between each of these components that can alter both the value of the access obtained and the point at which the gateway becomes viable and stable for entry into the digital discourse. A highly proficient user with developed wetware is able to extract more value, capital and currency from hardware and software. They have expert knowledge in the use of this medium in contrast to a novice user. In dissecting the complexity of access, my original contribution to knowledge is developing this concept of cultware and confirming its value in explaining digital inequalities.
This thesis diagnoses the nodes and structures of digital and analogue inequality. Critical and interpretative Internet Studies, inflected and informed by Cultural Studies approaches and theories, offers methods for intervention, providing contextual understanding of the manifestations of power and social justice in a digital environment. In enacting this project, familiar tropes and theories from Cultural Studies are deployed. Particular attention is placed on the insights of postcolonial theorists. The Invisible Empire, following the path of the digital intellectual, seeks to act as a translator between the digital subaltern and the digital citizen. Similarly, it seeks to apply pre-existing off screen theory and methodology to the Invisible Empire, illuminating how these theories can be reapplied to the digitised environment.
Within this context, my research provides a significant and original contribution to knowledge in this field. The majority of analyses in critical and interpretative Internet Studies have centred on the United States and Europe. While correlations can be drawn from these studies, there are features unique to the Australian environment, both socially and culturally, as well as physical factors such as the geographic separation and sparse distribution of the population, that limit the ability to translate these previous findings into an Australian context. The writer, as a white Australian, is liminally positioned in the colonial equation: being a citizen of a (formerly) colonised nation with the relics of Empire littering the symbolic landscape, while also through presence and language perpetuating the colonization of the Indigenous peoples. This in-betweenness adds discomfort, texture and movement to the research, which is a fundamentally appropriate state to understand the gentle confluences between the digital and analogue.
In this context, the screen is the gateway to the Invisible Empire. However, unlike the analogue gate in the city wall that guards a physical core, these gates guard a non-corporeal Invisible Empire. Whereas barbarians could storm the gates of Rome without the literacy to understand the workings of the Empire within, when an army masses to physically strike at these gates, the only consequences are a broken monitor. Questions cannot be asked at the gate to an Invisible Empire. There is no common space in which the digital subaltern and the digital citizen cohabitate. There is no node at which translation can occur. These gates to the Invisible Empire are numerous. The walls cannot be breached and the gates are only open for the citizenry with the required literacy. This literacy in the codes of access is an absolute requirement to pass the gates of Invisible Empire. The digital citizen transverses these gates alone. It is a point where the off screen self interfaces the digital self. Social interaction occurs on either side of the screen, but not at the gateway itself.
Resistance within the borders of Invisible Empire is one of the founding ideologies of the Internet, tracing its origin back to the cyberpunk literature that predicted the rise of the network. However this was a resistance to authority, both on and off screen, by the highly literate on screen: the hacker and the cyber-jockey. This thesis addresses resistance to the Invisible Empire from outside its borders. Such an intervention is activated not through a Luddite rejection of technology, but by examining the conditions at the periphery of Empire, the impacts of digital colonisation, and how this potential exclusion can be overcome. Debates around digital literacy have been deliberately removed or bypassed to narrow the debate about the future of the digital environment to a focus on the material commodities necessary to gain access and the potential for more online consumers. Cultware has been neglected.
The Invisible Empire, like its analogue predecessors, reaches across the borders of Nation States, as well as snaking invisibly through and between the analogue population, threatening and breaking down previous understandings of citizenship and sovereignty. It invokes new forms of core-periphery relations, a new type of digital colonialism. As the spread of Internet access tapers, and the borders of Empire close to those caught outside, the condition of the digital subaltern calls for outside intervention, the place of the intellectual to raise consciousness of these new colonial relations, both at the core and periphery. My doctoral thesis commences this project.
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Haupt, Adam. "Stealing Empire : debates about global capital, counter-culture, technology and intellectual property." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8646.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. [223]-246).This thesis examines the agency of marginalised subjects in the context of global capitalism and the information age. The key question that is addressed is whether transnational corporations have appropriated aspects of cultural identity, creative expression and technological innovation for their own enrichment - to the detriment of civil society. Where this is the case, this thesis considers what opportunities exist for issuing challenges to the power of global corporations. Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri's concept of Empire provides the theoretical foundation for examining cultural, technological and legal conflicts between the interests of citizens and those of corporations. Hardt and Negri theorise the ways in which former imperial powers continue to extend their military, economic and political power in former colonies. The authors argue that former imperial powers no longer compete with each other for the same resources because they now co-operate with each other through multilateral organisations and trade agreements. Ultimately, the key beneficiaries of these modes of co-operation are global corporations that tend to monopolise the production and distribution of technological and cultural products at the expense of the public interest and the functioning of democracy. This work considers the possibilities of responding to Empire and resisting globalisation through strategies that employ some of the same decentralised, network-based techniques that benefit global corporate entities. Hardt and Negri's concept of 'the multitude' as a multiplicity of singularities makes sense of the diverse struggles under discussion in this study, providing the conceptual basis for possibilities of multiple engagements with Empire that are not reductive and that do not exclude certain interest groups. This is an interdisciplinary project that uses case studies to analyse the relationships between law and policy documents, technological development, and the production of cultural texts (such as hip-hop music). Specifically, this work explores the MP3 revolution and Napster (version one); digital sampling in hip-hop; hip-hop activism on South Africa's Cape Flats and these activists' use of new media in their pursuit of social justice. It addresses concerns about the commodification of youth culture as well as debates about intellectual property and the United States' use of trade agreements as enforcement mechanisms that serve the interests of its own corporations. This thesis presents an overview of copyright and trade agreements in order to examine the vested interests that underlie them. In keeping with the focus on globalisation and cultural imperialism, US legislation - such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act - is discussed in relation to alternatives to proprietary approaches toward intellectual property, such as open source software and Creative Commons licenses.
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Landis, Winona L. "Illustrating Empire: Race, Gender, and Visuality in Contemporary Asian American Literary Culture." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1532619991050315.
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Panaite, Elena. "L'image des "Libyens" dans la culture pharaonique : du Protodynastique au Moyen Empire." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30072.
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Cette étude examine la place que les peuples situés à l’ouest de la Vallée du Nil occupent dans la culture pharaonique depuis les premières sources dynastiques jusqu’à la fin du Moyen Empire (3150-1800 av. J.-C.). Le sujet est abordé de manière thématique, d’un point de vue archéologique, historique et linguistique. Après avoir délimité l’espace dans lequel ces peuples évoluent et déterminé leurs différentes représentations dans les sources égyptiennes, il s’agit de mettre en évidence la nature des relations qu’ils entretiennent avec les habitants de la vallée. L’enjeu est de saisir la manière dont ces « Libyens » sont perçus et reconnus dans la société égyptienneThe present study concentrates on the position of the people living west to the Nile Valley in the Pharaonic culture since the first dynastic sources until the end of the Middle Kingdom. The subject has been thematically organized, from an archaeological, historical and linguistic point of view. After having outlined their geographical area where they have lived and having determined their various representations in the Egyptian sources, the aim if this research is to highlight the nature of the relations they maintained with the inhabitants of the Nile Valley. The goal is to understand how these “Libyans” are perceived and recognized in the Egyptian society
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Mohr, Manuela. "Le fantastique à la frontière des cultures : formes populaires et élaboration des sciences de la vie psychique dans la littérature fantastique sous le Second Empire." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30022.
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Si Tzvetan Todorov a provoqué un regain d’intérêt pour le genre fantastique, il a réduit le champ des interrogations le concernant à la perspective textualiste. Il faut dépasser cette perspective, et voir en quoi le fantastique se saisit des éléments issus des cultures populaires pour en faire des textes légitimés qui interrogent la psyché humaine. Au XIXe siècle, trois champs de savoir s'articulent pour concevoir des modèles novateurs de la psyché humaine : le folklore, la littérature et la science. En 1830, avec l'arrivé des traductions d'E.T.A. Hoffmann qui reprend des formes populaires dans ses contes, commence la vague fantastique. Celui-ci trouve sa place dans des journaux et revues qui accueillent tant la culture populaire que la culture savante. D’une part, le fantastique hérite des fictions « populaires » et, d’autre part, il construit un « laboratoire fictionnel » des sciences du psychisme avant d'évoluer vers un fantastique intérieur. Néanmoins, le remaniement des mythes et des légendes dans la littérature fantastique en modifie les enjeux. Dès lors, le fantastique devient un répertoire de modèles alternatifs pour représenter la vie psychique, réfléchissant un savoir en train de se constituerThe fundamental book Introduction à la littérature fantastique by Tzvetan Todorov [1970] has declenched a considerable gain of interest in the fantastic. However, his major work had the effect of confining the field of research, and of reducing considerably the domain of interrogations. Todorov's perspective is textualist; his problematic is, above all, generic. This is why he builds a model which aims at defining the specificity of the fantastic literature in relation to genres considered as continguous: the strange and the marvellous. The recent progress in the domain of cultural history have shown the necessity of adopting a sociological and pragmatic perspective in order to define the specificity of a literary product as an act of communication. This approach is particularly fertile for the fantastic literature that takes certain subjects and forms, characteristics of the popular culture, and that reconfigures ''para-literary'' genres or genres linked to media typical of modern times. But the fantastic metamorphoses what it borrows from popular cultures in order to create legitimate texts. However, too many writers are forgotten by the researchers. During the whole nineteenth century, the fantastic literature constructs a ''fictional laboratory'' where mental sciences (psychology, psychiatry, neurology, psychoanalysis) begin to develop: these erudite cultures communicate with themes and motifs that had originated in legends or fairy-tales orally
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Charania, Moon M. "Spectacular Subjects: The Violent Erotics of Imperial Visual Culture." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/sociology_diss/54.
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The central concerns of this project are the visual constructions of feminine and feminist subjectivities, significations and semiotics of the (brown) female body, and the pleasures and power of global visual culture. I consider the primary visual fields that seek to tell the story of Pakistani women, and Muslim woman more broadly, after September 11th, 2001. Specifically, I offer detailed case studies of three visual stories: international human rights sensation Mukhtar Mai; twice elected Prime Minister of Pakistan and first woman to lead a Muslim country Benazir Bhutto; and female terrorists/religious martyrs of the Red Mosque events in Islamabad, Pakistan. I locate the relevance of these visual stories on three axes − human rights, democratization and the war on terror − where each operates as an arm of, what Jasbir Paur (2007) calls, the U.S. hetero-normative nation. I also examine the structures of affect, pleasure and eroticism that are embedded in these popularized representations and narrations in the U.S. cultural context. Finally, I offer ways to reread the potential radical subjectivities or possibilities that these visual subjects and their political labor open up.
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Haugh, Alexandra M. "Indigenous political culture and Eurasian empire : Russia in Siberia in the seventeenth century /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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McCoy, John Gerard. "Local political culture in the Hanoverian Empire : the case of Ireland, 1714-1760." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239422.
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Hoare, Jonathan Giles. "Imperialism & 'alternative' film culture : the Empire Marketing Board film unit : 1926-1933." Thesis, Kingston University, 2010. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/21827/.
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This thesis explores the early years of the British documentary movement as it formed within the Empire Marketing Board between 1926 and 1933. I begin by offering new insights into this formation by focusing on key institutions that have been under-researched in existing literature. The movement started with government money and resources, in a position formalised by the EMB's use of the Imperial Institute, a Victorian institution with an established history of public education, exhibition and research. Within this official institutional framework the EMB's filmmakers enjoyed an extraordinary level of creative freedom. They were simultaneously embedded within the'alternative' film culture that had developed from the independent screenings of the London Film Society (1925-1939). The Society offered coverage of the art and history of film for the first time in Britain, alongside showcasing a wealth of contemporaneous experimental and avant-Barde fiction and non-fiction work. Drawing on a variety of primary archival sources (some of which have not been previously explored) in the first three chapters I examine how the EMB's film unit developed in a relationship between the Board, the Imperial Institute and the Film Society. This position defined the work they produced, and the style and the content of their films for the EMB. The filmmakers were part of an Imperial discourse that aimed to promote Britain and the British Empire, however they were also engaging with, and contributing to, an international movement of filmmakers and intellectuals who were using documentary film to look closely at contemporary society from new perspectives. The fourth and fifth chapters offer fresh insights into filmmaking at the EMB, with a personal study based on new research into the life and work of Basil Wright. Although he was a central figure at the EMB, his role has remained under-researched. The material I present here offers a new account of the early formation of the documentary movement at the EMB and the original resources that the Board and its filmmakers drew upon.
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McWilliam, Janette Catherine. "Images, society and Roman culture : the representation of children in the Early Empire." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620004.
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Witzenrath, Christoph. "Institutional culture and the Government of Siberia : empire, rebellion, and the Cossacks, 1598-1725." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/institutional-culture-and-the-government-of-siberia--empire-rebellion-and-the-cossacks-15981725(924cf681-7b9e-4f8b-9e15-58bfd14cd6ca).html.
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Lee, Jenny Rose. "Empire, modernity and design : visual culture and Cable & Wireless' corporate identities, 1924-1955." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16467.
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During the twentieth century, Cable & Wireless was the world’s biggest and most important telegraphy company, employing large numbers of people in stations across the world. Its network of submarine cables and wireless routes circumnavigated the globe, connecting Britain with the Empire. This thesis examines the ways in which the British Empire and modernity shaped Cable & Wireless’ corporate identity in order to understand the historical geography of the relationships between Empire, state, and modernity. Additionally, it investigates the role of design in the Company’s engagement with the discourses of modernity and imperialism. Historical Geography has not paid sufficient attention to the role of companies, in particular technology companies, as institutions of imperialism and instruments of modernity. The study of businesses within Historical Geography is in its infancy, and this thesis will provide a major contribution to this developing field. This thesis takes an interdisciplinary approach that sits at the intersection of three main disciplines: Historical Geography, Design History and Business History. This thesis examines how Cable & Wireless’ identity was produced, transmitted and consumed. This thesis is based on detailed research in Cable &Wireless’ corporate archive at Porthcurno, examining a wide range of visual and textual sources. This pays particular attention to how the Company designed its corporate identity through maps, posters, ephemera, corporate magazines and exhibitions. Drawing upon the conceptualizations of the Empire as a network, it argues that Cable & Wireless’ identity was networked like its submarine cables with decision-making power, money and identity traversing this network. This thesis seeks to place both the company and the concept of corporate identity within a broader historical and artistic context, tracing the development of both the company’s institutional narrative and the corporate uses of visual technologies. No study has been conducted into the corporate identity and visual culture of Cable & Wireless. This thesis not only provides a new dimension to knowledge and understanding of the historical operations of Cable & Wireless, but also makes a substantive contribution to the wider fields of Historical Geography, Business History, Design History and the study of visual culture.
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Hardy, Duncan. "Associative political culture in the Holy Roman Empire : the Upper Rhine, c.1350-1500." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4250cf2c-a228-49f2-bc60-8086b1c8b1a0.
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Historians have long struggled to conceptualise the Holy Roman Empire in the later Middle Ages. This thesis seeks to provide an interpretation of political life in the Empire which captures the structures and dynamics in evidence in the sources. It does so through a comparative study of the varied socio-political elites along the Upper Rhine between 1350 and 1500, with frequent reference to other regions of the Empire. The thesis is divided into three sections. Part I, consisting of four chapters, examines the shared and interconnective characteristics of several spheres of activity - the documentary, judicial, ritual, military, and administrative - in which various elites interacted through the same practices and conventions. Part II (five chapters) deals with the types of contractual association which emerged organically from these shared and interconnective structures and practices. It shows that these associations - leagues, alliances, judicial agreements, coinage unions, and others - were more common and more similar than typically assumed, that they regulated key judicial and military affairs, and that they reflected a shared ideology which emphasised peace-keeping and the common good within the Empire's framework. Part III of the thesis shows how the structures and dynamics explored in Parts I and II played out in specific situations by reference to three case studies in the 1370s-'80s, 1410s-'30s, and 1460s-'70s. All three demonstrate how the 'associative political culture' model can illuminate events which were previously considered to be moments of crisis or chaos, or the products of 'territorial' or 'constitutional' processes. The thesis concludes by arguing that, in light of this evidence, the Holy Roman Empire is best understood as a community of interdependent elites who interacted within a shared 'associative political culture'. This conclusion highlights the need for a new paradigm beyond those of the 'territory', the 'constitution', or the centralising 'state'.
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Hauser, Mark. "Vaudeville, Popular Entertainment and Cultural Division in the Inland Empire, 1880-1914." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/78.
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This paper discusses the emergence of vaudeville in California’s Inland Empire region of San Bernardino and Riverside counties. It will consider the social changes underway in late nineteenth-century America and their impact on attitudes towards popular entertainment. This paper will draw on Lawrence Levine’s observations of cultural hierarchies that emerged during the late nineteenth century and shaped American understandings of culture. Entertainment of the nineteenth century will be examined for the ways it was unable to match urban trends, and contrasted with vaudeville’s appeal to a diverse urban populace. The cities of San Bernardino, Redlands and Riverside were home to a number of opera houses and theaters to serve rapidly growing communities, and a review of the performances offered in these communities and at these venues will demonstrate these shifts in popular entertainment.
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Bond, Katherine Louise. "Costume albums in Charles V's Habsburg Empire (1528-1549)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277715.
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This dissertation addresses the development of the costume book in the rapidly globalising world of the sixteenth century, concentrating on two costume albums produced in the second quarter of the sixteenth century and whose owners and creators shared close ties to the imperial court of Habsburg ruler and Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (r. 1519-56). These richly illustrated albums were among the first known and surviving attempts to make sense of cultural difference by compiling visual information about regional clothing customs in and around Europe and further abroad. Their method of codifying sartorial customs through representative costume figures became a prevailing method through which to examine human difference on an increasingly vast and complex geo-political stage. Yet to have been satisfactorily investigated is the significant role that Habsburg networks and relationships played in shaping these costume albums and their ethnographic interests. The Trachtenbuch, or costume album, of Augsburg portrait medallist Christoph Weiditz (c. 1500-59) is a primary example, constituting a work of keen ethnographic observation which depicts customs and cultures largely witnessed first-hand when the artist travelled to Charles V’s Spanish court in 1529. Of equal interest is the second primary example of this dissertation, the costume album of Christoph von Sternsee (d. 1560) the captain of Charles V’s German Guard. Sternsee’s album, introduced to scholarship for the first time in this study, illustrates diverse cultures and costumes encountered across the imperial Habsburg lands and its neighbours. The emperor’s far-reaching sovereignty propelled Christoph Weiditz and Christoph von Sternsee across the Habsburg lands as they each attempted to benefit their careers and gain prestige from imperial patronage. Their costume albums testify to an empire that encouraged interactions between ambassadors, agents, merchants, military officers, and courtly elite of diverse cultural backgrounds, against a backdrop of shared political, religious, commercial, and military interests. This milieu facilitated the transfer of knowledge and developed methods of visual communication and human representation that were shared and reciprocally recognised.
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Spooner, Rosemary Gall. "Close encounters : international exhibitions and the material culture of the British Empire, c.1880-1940." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7386/.
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Apparitions of empire and imperial ideologies were deeply embedded in the International Exhibition, a distinct exhibitionary paradigm that came to prominence in the mid-nineteenth century. Exhibitions were platforms for the display of objects, the movement of people, and the dissemination of ideas across and between regions of the British Empire, thereby facilitating contact between its different cultures and societies. This thesis aims to disrupt a dominant understanding of International Exhibitions, which forwards the notion that all exhibitions, irrespective of when or where they were staged, upheld a singular imperial discourse (i.e. Greenhalgh 1988, Rydell 1984). Rather, this thesis suggests International Exhibitions responded to and reflected the unique social, political and economic circumstances in which they took place, functioning as cultural environments in which pressing concerns of the day were worked through. Understood thus, the International Exhibition becomes a space for self-presentation, serving as a stage from which a multitude of interests and identities were constructed, performed and projected. This thesis looks to the visual and material culture of the International Exhibition in order to uncover this more nuanced history, and foregrounds an analysis of the intersections between practices of exhibition-making and identity-making. The primary focus is a set of exhibitions held in Glasgow in the late-1880s and early-1900s, which extends the geographic and temporal boundaries of the existing scholarship. What is more, it looks at representations of Canada at these events, another party whose involvement in the International Exhibition tradition has gone largely unnoticed. Consequently, this thesis is a thematic investigation of the links between a municipality routinely deemed the ‘Second City of the Empire’ and a Dominion settler colony, two types of geographic setting rarely brought into dialogue. It analyses three key elements of the exhibition-making process, exploring how iconographies of ‘quasi-nationhood’ were expressed through an exhibition’s planning and negotiation, its architecture and its displays. This original research framework deliberately cuts across strata that continue to define conceptions of the British Empire, and pushes beyond a conceptual model defined by metropole and colony. Through examining International Exhibitions held in Glasgow in the late-Victorian and Edwardian periods, and visions of Canada in evidence at these events, the goal is to offer a novel intervention into the existing literature concerning the cultural history of empire, one that emphasises fluidity rather than fixity and which muddles the boundaries between centre and periphery.
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Karahasanoglu, Selim. "A tulip age legend consumer behavior and material culture in the Ottoman Empire (1718-1730) /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Musselwhite, Paul Philip. "Towns in Mind: Urban Plans, Political Culture, and Empire in the Colonial Chesapeake, 1607--1722." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623587.
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This dissertation charts the contested political and cultural meaning of urbanization in the emerging plantation societies of Virginia and Maryland. Scholars have long asserted that Chesapeake planters' desire for lucre led them to patent huge tracts of land, disperse across the landscape, and completely dismiss urban development. However, through 17 pieces of legislation, colonists, governors, and London administrators actually encouraged towns in the Chesapeake through the seventeenth century. Despite the environmental and agricultural constraints of tidewater tobacco, both colonies wrestled with a perceived need for towns, which consistently appeared to represent the best means to engineer the region's political economy and local social order. Shifting demographics, a changing labour system, religious conflict, and increasing imperial pressure for control created an atmosphere in which the promise of urbanization could be a powerful tool for various Atlantic actors seeking to shape the emerging plantation system to their purposes. They shared a desire to urbanize the region, but quarrelled because they had contradictory definitions of precisely what a town was, how it should function, and how it should be governed. These divergent visions sprang from and contributed to a contemporaneous European contest between ancient boroughs and modern cities, civic humanism and the emerging nation-state. Towns in the Chesapeake only became widespread in the mid-eighteenth century, once the broader questions of political order in England's boroughs and its plantation empire had been resolved.;Piecing together a range of sources, this dissertation emphasizes the political, economic, and cultural context of the region's many urban plans---and especially the subtle differences in context between Virginia and Maryland---in order to demonstrate how and why town building remained a vital weapon in broader constitutional and commercial disputes. its transatlantic source base connects the Chesapeake's planners and proposals with the contests in English boroughs and Whitehall; spatial, ceremonial, sensory, and cultural analyses uncover the overlooked significance of urban foundations that remained only paper plats or collections of warehouses. The project highlights how proto-urban spaces fit within, or challenged, the emergence of a plantation landscape on the physical, cultural, and political levels.;Part 1 explores urban plans in seventeenth-century Virginia, their connections to English commercial and political rivalries during the Civil War, their role in provoking Bacon's Rebellion, and finally their part in a 1680s transatlantic contest over corporate government. Part 2 offers a parallel story of town-founding efforts in Maryland, exploring how Lord Baltimore's proprietary authority distinguished the complexion of urban development there. Part 3 addresses the entire Chesapeake region after 1689 (once both colonies had fallen under royal control), tracing Governor Francis Nicholson's efforts to reshape the definition of urbanity in the empire by founding Annapolis and Williamsburg and demonstrating how they pushed the concept of the imperial city to the centre of Atlantic political discourse. The fault lines of this debate had become so entrenched by the 1710s that it was abandoned entirely, and during the eighteenth century both colonies developed new kinds of plantation cities, freed from the bitter Atlantic disputes of the previous century.
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Prévost, Stéphanie. "La Question d'Orient dans la culture politique britannique : réception et influences (1875-1898)." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2017.
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Cette thèse étudie la réception de la Question d'Orient au Royaume-Uni entre la crise orientale de1875-6 et celle de 1894-8, ainsi que son incidence sur la culture politique britannique. Preuves à l'appui, nous remettrons en cause les deux positions historiographiques prépondérantes selon lesquelles la Question d'Orient était, à l'époque pour le Royaume-Uni, une simple question diplomatique et que son incidence sur la culture politique britannique se limitait à l'affrontement entre Gladstone et Disraeli entre 1876 et 1880. Nous argumenterons, au contraire, que les influences de la Question d'Orient sur le Royaume-Uni vont bien au-delà de 1880 et sont, dans le dernier quart du dix-neuvième siècle, multiples et extrêmement complexes. Sans remettre en cause son aspect diplomatique et géopolitique, il nous faudra également considérer son incidence rhétorique,culturelle et idéologique sur la politique britanniqueThis dissertation explores the reception of the Eastern Question in Britain between the 1875-6 Eastern crisis (marked by the 'Bulgarian atrocities') and that of 1894-8 (which corresponds to the episode of the 'Armenian massacres' and to its consequences), as well as the impact it had on British political culture. l will rely on contemporary evidence to question the two main historiographical positions that the Eastern Question was, at the time, just a diplomatic issue and that ~ts only impact on British political culture was the contest that opposed Disraeli and Gladstone between 1876 and 1880. Instead, it will be argued here that the impact of the Eastern Question in Britain goes well beyond 1880 and is both multi-faceted and extremely complex. Without down playing its diplomatic and geopolitical relevance, l will seek to assess its rhetorical, cultural and ideological influences on British politics
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Murton, Stoehr Catherine. "Salvation from empire : the roots of Anishinabe Christianity in Upper Canada." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1324.
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This thesis examine the cultural interaction between Anishinabe people, who lived in what is now southern Ontario, and the Loyalists, Euroamerican settlers who moved north from the United States during and after the American Revolution. Starting with an analysis of Anishinabe cultural history before the settlement era the thesis argues that Anishinabe spirituality was not traditionalist. Rather it inclined its practitioners to search for new knowledge. Further, Anishinabe ethics in this period were determined corporately based on the immediate needs and expectations of individual communities. As such, Anishinabe ethics were quite separate from Anishinabe spiritual teachings.
Between 1760 and 1815, the Anishinabe living north of the Great Lakes participated in pan-Native resistance movements to the south. The spiritual leaders of these movements, sometimes called nativists, taught that tradition was an important religious virtue and that cultural integration was dangerous and often immoral. These nativist teachings entered the northern Anishinabe cultural matrix and lived alongside earlier hierarchies of virtue that identified integration and change as virtues.
When Loyalist Methodists presented their teachings to the Anishinabeg in the early nineteenth century their words filtered through both sets of teachings and found purchase in the minds of many influential leaders. Such leaders quickly convinced members of their communities to take up the Methodist practices and move to agricultural villages. For a few brief years in the 1830s these villages achieved financial success and the Anishinabe Methodist leaders achieved real social status in both Anishinabe and Euroamerican colonial society.
By examining the first generation of Anishinabe Methodists who practiced between 1823 and 1840, I argue that many Anishinabe people adopted Christianity as new wisdom suitable for refitting their existing cultural traditions to a changed cultural environment. Chiefs such as Peter Jones (Kahkewahquonaby), and their followers, found that Methodist teachings cohered with major tenets of their own traditions, and also promoted bimadziwin, or health and long life, for their communities. Finally, many Anishinabe people believed that the basic moral injunctions of their own tradition compelled them to adopt Methodism because of its potential to promote bimadziwin.Thesis (Ph.D, History) -- Queen's University, 2008-07-17 13:59:23.833
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Smith, Crystal E. "“Ye Sons of Mars”: British Representations of the Sudan Campaign in Print Culture, 1884-1899." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1823.
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From 1884 to 1885 the British were first engaged with the Mahdist forces of Sudan in an effort to first rescue the inhabitants of Khartuom, and later to rescue the rescuer Charles “Chinese” Gordon. The affair played out both in Parliament and the newspapers as journalists became the cheerleaders for Empire. My thesis focuses on Britain’s 1884-1890 Sudan Campaign through print culture using political debates, journalism, literature, memoirs, and art. I show how the activism of the press and the romanticism of the larger media reinforced ideas about imperialism and the British role within the Empire at large.
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Kabakci, Enes. "Sauver l'Empire : modernisation, positivisme et formation de la culture politique des Jeunes-Turcs (1895-1908)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010251.
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Cette thèse se propose d'étudier les transformations intellectuelles et institutionnelles de l'Empire ottoman au dix-neuvième siècle en revisitant les questions de la «modernisation» et du «développement politique». Pour se faire, elle s'appuie sur les concepts sociologiques du «mimétisme institutionnel» et de «l'acculturation» pour plaider en faveur d'une approche en termes de «ré interprétation» et de «traduction». Elle s'interroge également sur le transfert des répertoires de contestations de la «Tradition» dans le monde musulman et sur les tensions qui animent «l'espace politique» dans un régime autocratique. Elle entreprend de saisir les conditions dans lesquelles fut introduit le positivisme en Turquie en se focalisant en particulier sur la personne et les idées d'Ahmed Riza, un des principaux leaders du mouvement jeune-turc, membre actif de la Société positiviste et futur président du Parlement ottoman.
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Imrie, Nicola Jane. "The architecture and culture of sanatoria for nervous ailments in the Austro-Hungarian Empire 1890-1914." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502459.
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Kent, Eddy. "The company man: colonial agents and the idea of the virtuous empire, 1786-1901." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/411.
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The Company Man argues that corporate ways of organising communities permeated British imperial culture. My point of departure is the obsession shared between Anglo-Indian writers and imperial policymakers with the threat of unmanageable agency, the employee who will not follow orders. By taking up Giambattista Vico's claim that human subjects and human institutions condition each other reciprocally, I argue that Anglo-Indian literature is properly understood as one of a series of disciplinary apparatuses which were developed in response to that persistent logistical problem: how best to convince plenipotentiary agents to work in the interest of a mercantile employer, the East India Company.
The Company Man reconsiders the way we think and write about Victorian imperial culture by taking this institutional approach. For one thing, the dominant position of the Company highlights the limitation of our continuing dependence on the nation as a critical hermeneutic. Additionally, I show how the prevalence of ideas like duty, service, and sacrifice in colonial literature is more than simply the natural output of a nation looking to sacralise everyday practice in the wake of their famous "Victorian loss of faith." Rather, I place these ideas among a structure of feeling, which I call aristocratic virtue, that was developed by imperial policymakers looking to militate against the threat of rogue agents.
The subject material under consideration includes novels, short stories, poems, essays, memoirs, personal correspondence, and parliamentary speeches. These texts span a century but are clustered around four nodal points, which illustrate moments of innovation in the technologies of regulation and control. My opening chapter examines how the idea of an overseas empire first acquired virtue in the minds of the British public. The second explores how the Company grafted this virtue onto its corporate structure in its training colleges and competition exams. The third shows how Anglo-Indian literature continued to disseminate the rhetoric of self-sacrifice and noble suffering long after the Company ceded control to the Crown. The final chapter shows how this corporate culture reflects in that most canonical of imperial novels, Rudyard Kipling's Kim (1901).
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Foliard, Daniel. "La terre vague : genèses du Moyen-Orient dans les savoirs et la culture britanniques, 1850-1914." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040141.
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Cette thèse étudie la généalogie des représentations culturelles britanniques du Moyen-Orient des années 1850 au début de la Première Guerre mondiale. Nos sources comprendront des tirages photographiques, des récits de voyages et d’exploration, des cartes, des documents topographiques, des archives privées, des articles de presse, des débats parlementaires, des essais, des romans et des documents officiels. À grande échelle, une perspective globale nous permettra d’étudier la construction cartographique de cette partie de l’Orient qui fut baptisée « Moyen-Orient ». Nous démontrerons comment les acteurs de la politique extérieure britannique élaborèrent cette région. À petite échelle, une micro-histoire nous amènera à hauteur d’homme auprès de figures de l’action britannique dans ces territoires de l’Orient, entre Inde et Afrique. Par une étude approfondie de leurs représentations, nous démontrerons que le regard britannique sur cette partie du monde fut pluriel et qu’il évolua considérablement sur quelques décennies. Nous chercherons à établir cette chronologie. Nous relierons aussi les constructions de l’Orient aux idéaux de la société britannique contemporaine, notamment à travers la photographie de ces territoires et leur exploration archéologique. Il nous faudra par ailleurs questionner le rôle des prémisses de la culture de masse dans le dessin des contours de ce territoire éloigné. Le problème de la nature impériale des rapports entre la Grande-Bretagne et le Moyen-Orient en cours d’élaboration nous amènera à souligner le caractère polycentrique et contradictoire des expressions de l’influence britannique sur la régionThis dissertation explores the genealogy of the cultural representations of the Middle-East from the 1850’s to the beginning of the First World War. To this end, I will analyze a wide range of documents. My primary sources will include photographic prints, travelogues, maps, topographical documents, private papers, press articles, parliamentary debates, essays, novels and official papers. On a large scale, an overall perspective will enable me to study the cartographic manufacture of the part of the Orient that was christened « Middle East ». I will assess to what extent the actors of British foreign policy gradually drew this region. On a much smaller scale, a micro-history will bring me at man's height, close to figures of British involvement in these territories, in-between India and Africa. By way of careful study of their representations, I will demonstrate that the British gaze on this part of the world was far from being hieratic and that it evolved within the span of a few decades. I will look to specify this chronology. I will also establish links between these constructions of the East and the ideals of contemporary British society, especially through the study of photographic representation of these territories, as well as the analysis of their archaeological exploration. I will have to question the part played by early mass culture in designing this distant territory. The issue raised by the potential imperial nature of British involvement in this Middle-East to be will call for an appraisal of the polycentric and contradicting expressions of British influence in the region
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Hall, James Robert. "Serpents of Empire : moral encounters in natural history, c.1780-1870." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/287635.
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This dissertation examines encounters between humans and snakes from the 1780s to the 1860s, principally focusing upon Britain and British India, to reassess the production and circulation of natural historical knowledge. Serpents were at once familiar and ambiguous in nineteenth-century Britain and its empire, present at every level of society through Scripture, works of natural history, and imperial print culture. They appeared across literary genres - in works of art, as dead specimens in museums, and living attractions in shows and menageries - and their material and figurative presence in London was dependent upon British imperial networks. Snakes loomed disproportionately large in the imperial imaginary, where they were entangled in a discourse of difference. The practices of the natural history of snakes were harnessed to personal ambition and colonial exigencies. By analyzing scientific books and papers, newspapers and periodicals, taxidermy and cartoons, travel accounts, and government archives from Britain and India, this study provides a connected account of how snakes were collected, transported, described, experimented with, and used for a variety of ends. Following an animal around, whether as material, textual, or visual representation, reveals a more comprehensive picture of how people engaged with animals in the nineteenth century, not confined by disciplinary or institutional boundaries at a time when these were being constructed. The cultural and emotive power of snakes makes visible the heterogeneous nature of those contributing to the production of natural historical knowledge. This thesis shows how the moral character of snakes was implicated in how they were encountered and understood by a range of actors, from museum naturalists to imperial agents, and Indian snake-charmers to working-class visitors to the zoo. The chapters examine different but overlapping modes of encounter with snakes: collecting, preserving, and presenting them in museum settings; the imbrication of anthropocentric concerns in attempts to classify and anatomize them; the mechanisms and motivations behind attempts to produce authoritative 'useful knowledge' incorporating vivisectional experiments in the Madras Presidency in the late eighteenth century; Orientalist representations of non-European interactions with snakes in nascent print culture; and the emotional economy of educational displays of living snakes in metropolitan Britain, especially with the emergence of new spaces for natural history, notably the first reptile house at the Zoological Gardens in Regent's Park. The approach brings together insights from from history of science, animal history, and new imperial histories to recover an affective dimension of natural history in imperial encounters.
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Ragazzoli, Chloé. "Les Artisans du texte. La culture de scribe en Égypte ancienne d’après les sources du Nouvel Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040171.
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Au Nouvel Empire (1539-1075 av. J.-C.), les scribes – « ceux qui écrivent » en égyptien – prennent le devant de la scène dans les sources littéraires. Ils construisent et promeuvent une image d’eux-mêmes, qui révèle l’existence d’une communauté et d’un « monde social » (A. Strauss), fondés non pas sur la classe mais sur l’appartenance à une profession. Parmi les textes consacrés au métier de scribe, les florilèges appelés « miscellanées » ou « Enseignement par lettres » constituent une sorte de vademecum de la production écrite de l’époque, qui accompagne le scribe dans sa carrière et jusque dans sa tombe. Ils fonctionnent comme des véritables machines à produire d’autres textes, quand les deux autres types d’enseignements de l’époque, « l’Enseignement pour délier l’esprit » (les onomastica) et les « Enseignements par exemples » (les sagesses) portent respectivement sur le savoir théorique et le savoir pratique. Les scribes braconnent dans les modes d’expression du sommet de la société pour développer leur code de valeurs, qui repose sur l’éducation, les compétences au travail et leur rôle de transmetteurs (et non pas de créateurs). Des structures sociales fondées sur les relations professionnelles plutôt que familiales sont mises en avant. L’émergence d’une telle conscience communautaire se fait dans les termes des mutations idéologiques en cours. Une place plus grande est accordée à l’individu dans la société en mettant de côté les autorités traditionnelles au profit d’une divinité personnelle toute puissante. Les scribes peuvent ainsi faire de l’écriture une pratique de piété placée sous l’égide de Thot – les écrits leur survivront après la mort et assureront leur postérité. Chaque manuscrit devient un possible monument funéraire à travers le colophon. Les scribes réinvestissent en outre les tombes traditionnelles qu’ils visitent, en y laissant, sous la forme de graffiti, des textes commémoratifs à leur bénéfice mais aussi des offrandes littéraires.Cette promotion du mot écrit par rapport au discours trouve un écho dans les biographies monumentales des très hauts dignitaires et témoigne d’une diffusion des idéaux lettrés à l’époqueIn the New Kingdom (c. 1539-1075 BC) scribes – ‘those who write in Egyptian’ – took a prominent role in literary texts. There they constructed and promoted a self-image, framing themselves as the members of a specific ‘social world’ defined by their profession rather than belonging to a social class.This period corresponds to the flourishing of sources dedicated to the scribal trade, especially the Late Egyptian Miscellanies aka ‘Teaching by letters’. These collections of small texts were scribal tools and a vademecum of the textual production of the time. Kept by the scribe throughout his career and accompanying him to his tomb, they were a device for producing other texts, while the two other types of teaching, ‘Teaching to clear the mind’ (onomastica) and ‘Teaching from examples’ (wisdom texts) dealt respectively with theoretical and practical knowledge.Scribes borrowed phraseology from the top-elite to develop their own code of values, which was based on education, craftsmanship and personal skills. Social structures dependent on professional relationships rather than family were promoted. The development of such a community feeling reflected changes of ideology in progress at the time. A new position was granted to the individual in society through the shift of allegiance from traditional authorities to a personal, almighty god. Thus scribes could turn writing into a pious practice under the aegis of Thot – texts and copies would survive them and grant them posterity. Each manuscript became a potential funerary monument through colophons and signatures. Furthermore, scribes used the decorum of traditional tombs where they left prayers and commemorations as graffiti to their own benefit along with literary offerings. This promotion of the written word over the spoken one is echoed in monumental biographies of the top-elite and bears witness to the diffusion of learned values during this period
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Jones, Robin Douglas. "The empire of things : furniture of nineteenth century Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and the production of British culture." Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2001. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/689/.
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This thesis describes and interprets furniture produced in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) between c. 1800 and 1900 as part of a cultural 'dialogue' of everyday objects between Europe and Asia. By synthesizing the research methods of furniture history and material culture, the present work examines Ceylonese furniture within the context of the society in which it was produced and used. For the first time, the range of furniture produced on the island during the nineteenth century is categorized and defining characteristics of such furniture are outlined. In addition, and again for the first time, consumption of furniture in Ceylon during this period is examined and the place of these artefacts within the production of Western cultural practices is explained. Specifically, this thesis also contributes to an understanding of the history of Ceylon by interpreting the acquisition and use of western-style furniture by the indigenous social elite as part of the production of anglicized life-styles on the island. The present work contributes to debates centred on colonialism and culture by historicizing and localizing the furniture of the island. Such furniture, it is argued, in addition to its use value, reproduced European refinement and civility in the domestic interiors of Ceylon; in this way furniture, despite its quotidian nature, is taken to be expressive and constitutive of the colonial relationship between the British and Ceylonese. Through analysis of archival data, examination of the furniture itself and interpretation of the communicative capacities of these artefacts, explanation of the empirical and symbolic is combined in a new understanding of a substantial, but overlooked, part of the object-world of nineteenth century Ceylon. Through the process of developing and using a new conceptual framework for the interpretation of colonial furniture produced in Asia, a contribution is made to the study of furniture history and, more specifically, items of furniture from Ceylon are interpreted as materializations of human behaviour and constitutive elements in the production of culture.
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Echalier, Laure. "Recherches sur le banditisme et la piraterie dans la pensée et la culture du Haut Empire romain." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040296.
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Les romains appellent latro le bandit terrestre ou maritime. Ce mot a des sens multiples de connotation toujours péjorative. Alors que les civilisations archaïques toléraient les formes privées de guerre et de pillage, l'État romain a interdit toute violence hors de la caution de l'État et a défini pour la guerre un cadre institutionnel et religieux très strict. Le latro est alors un ennemi, intérieur ou extérieur, qui use de la violence hors du cadre juridique romain de la guerre et à qui on dénie, de ce fait, tous les droits du belligérant. Une étude des emplois de latro et latrocinium dans le contexte militaire montre que les historiens de l'empire romain utilisent ce terme surtout dans le contexte de l'histoire républicaine, pour distinguer, selon des critères plus culturels que juridiques, l'ennemi légitime de l'ennemi illégitime, et décrire des formes de combat plus proches de la guérilla que de la guerre institutionnelle. Ils utilisent, en revanche, très peu ce terme pour l'histoire de l'Empire. Le banditisme, lorsqu'il n'est pas une forme de guerre, existe dans les sociétés ou l'État est faible ou affaibli; il peut aussi être preuve d'un dérèglement de la société : le banditisme à grande échelle qui se développa sous le Bas Empire est en germe dans la société du Haut Empire. Les écrivains qui nous portent témoignage sur la vie quotidienne (moralistes, romanciers), montrent que malgré tous les éloges que l'on fait de la paix romaine, le banditisme intérieur n'a pas disparu. La rencontre du bandit ou du pirate est une peur quotidienne. Pirate et bandit sont des figures traditionnelles du roman grec et latin. Ces œuvres apportent une connaissance sur l'organisation du banditisme et de la piraterie. Nulle part, dans la littérature gréco-romaine, n'apparait la figure du bandit populaire, dont l'existence est pourtant assurée pour d'autres époques. Il existe certainement mais toutes nos sources font du bandit une figure à la fois banale et haïe.
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Melissa, Morris Nicole. "Diversions of Empire: Geographic Representations of the British Atlantic, 1589-1700." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1281120681.
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Burgdorf, Wolfgang. "Ein Weltbild verliert seine Welt : der Untergang des Alten Reiches und die Generation 1806 /." München : R. Oldenbourg, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41192362h.
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Suarez, Theresa Cenidoza. "The language of militarism engendering Filipino masculinity in the U.S. Empire /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3320357.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Sept. 22, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-119).
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Abdulrahim, Safaa. "Between empire and diaspora : identity poetics in contemporary Arab-American women's poetry." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/19525.
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This dissertation aims to contribute to the burgeoning field of Arab-American feminist critique through an exploration of the work of four contemporary Arab-American women poets: Etel Adnan (1925-), a poet and a visual artist and a writer, Naomi Shihab Nye (1952-), poet, a song writer, and a novelist, Mohja Kahf (1967-), a poet, an Islamic feminist critic and author, and Suheir Hammad (1973-), a hip-hop poet and political activist. The study traverses the intersections of stereotypical racial and Orientalist discourses with which these women contend, and which have been further complicated by being shaped against the backdrop of the “War on Terror” and hostility against Arabs, Muslims and Arab-Americans in the post-September 11 era. Hence, the study attempts to examine their poetry as a tool for resistance, and as a space for conciliating the complexities of their hyphenated identities. The last two decades of the twentieth-century saw the rise of a rich body of Arab-American women writing which has elicited increasing academic and critical interest. However, extensive scholarly and critical attention was mainly drawn to novels and non-fiction prose produced by Arab-American women writers as reflected in the huge array of anthologies, journal articles, book reviews and academic studies. Although such efforts aim to research and examine the racial politics that have impacted the community and how it relates to feminist discourses in the United States, they have rarely addressed or researched how the ramifications of these racialised politics and discourses are articulated in Arab-American women’s poetry per se. Informed by a wide range of postcolonial and United States ethnic theory and criticism, feminist discourses of women of colour such Gloria Anzaldúa's borderland theory, and Lisa Lowe's discussions of ethnic cultural formations in addition to transnational feminism, this study seeks to lay the groundwork for a complex analysis of Arab-American feminist poetics, based on both national and transnational literary approaches. The dissertation addresses the following questions: how does the genre of poetry negotiate identity politics and affiliations of belonging in the current polarized and historical moment? How do these women poets challenge the troubling oppressed/exoticised representations of Arab/Muslim women prevalent in the United States mainstream culture? How does each of these poets express their vision of social and political transformation? Emphasising the varying ethnic, religious, national, political, and cultural backgrounds and affiliations of these four poets, this dissertation attempts to defy any notion of the monolithic experience of Arab-American women, and argues for a nuanced understanding of specificity and diversity of Arab-American feminist experiences and articulations. To achieve its aim, the study depicts the historical evolution of Arab women’s poetry in the United States throughout four generations in order to examine the deriving issues and formative elements that contributed to the development of this genre, and also to pinpoint the defining characteristics marking Arab-American women poetry as a cultural production of American women of Arab descent. Through close readings and critical analyses of texts, the dissertation offers an investigation of some of the major themes and issues handled by these Arab-American women to highlight the most persistent tropes that mark this developing literary genre. Eventually, this study shows how literature, and specifically poetry becomes a conduit to investigate Arab-American cultural and sociopolitical conditions. It also offers productive explorations of identities and representations that transcend the rigid essential totalising categorisation of identity, while attempting to forge a new space for cultural translation and social transformation.
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Watson, Nicholas. "Game developing, the D'ni way: how myst/uru fans inherited the cultural legacy of a lost empire." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44898.
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This research considers how the culture of game developer Cyan Worlds influences the gameplay environment and the culture of fans in Myst Online: Uru Live. The game has gone through two commercial releases and in both cases it was cancelled after a short time. Fans have attempted to salvage the game by producing their own server software and content creation tools. Recently, Cyan released their own source code and development tools to the fan community, giving fans an official channel for creating new content. This work builds off of Pearce's (2009b) study of the culture of Uru players and emergent play, but adds the dimension of considering the culture of developers themselves.
A primary goal of this study was to determine how the culture of a game developer like Cyan shapes the constraints of the designed "play ecosystem" (Pearce 2009b: 7), and how it shapes the processes by which fans can salvage aspects of the game to create new content. One finding is that the design of Uru's gameplay environment is rooted in the cultural practices, personal philosophical goals and individual personality traits of its developers. Fans were able to assert ownership over the Uru story-world and the means of production of new content by proactively applying technical and problem-solving skills--the same sorts of skills that players must apply to solving puzzles in Myst games. This fan action, coupled with Cyan's goal of making an open-ended world, has helped to propel the initiative to provide open-source tools for creating new content. When fans produce new content, they draw significantly from an existing shared cultural repertoire of cues and conventions. These conventions are supported both by the software affordances of the development environment and by cultural precedent--they are readily adapted to Myst-like narratives and are easily "read" by experienced players.
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Paes, Maria Helena Rodrigues. "Representações cinematográficas “ensinando” sobre o índio brasileiro : selvagem e herói nas tramas do império." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/21371.
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Esta Tese analisa as representações de índio brasileiro em sete narrativas fílmicas da produção nacional a partir de 1970: Como era gostoso o meu francês, Avaeté. Semente da vingança, O Guarani, Hans Staden, Caramuru. A invenção do Brasil, Tainá. Uma aventura na Amazônia e Tainá 2. A aventura continua. À luz dos Estudos Culturais em Educação, procura fazer uma análise textual das narrativas, investigando possíveis recorrências e deslocamentos nos modos de narrar esse personagem; considerando que o cinema se inscreve no campo do que temos entendido como Pedagogias Culturais, o estudo parte do princípio de que as narrativas fílmicas, em seu encontro com o espectador, ensinam sobre o índio brasileiro. Em tempos atuais, em que os discursos de valorização da diferença proliferam em todos os espaços sociais, o objetivo da pesquisa centrou-se na compreensão dos modos como estão sendo narrados os índios brasileiros, usando para isso, de forma especial, as películas que narram as aventuras de Tainá. Tais narrativas, ao serem cruzadas com as demais histórias nesta pesquisa enfocada, demonstram que o modo colonialista de representação ainda tem grande força sobre como o índio é narrado na contemporaneidade. Para a compreensão de tal condição, operou-se com os conceitos e teorizações propostas por Hardt e Negri (2003), em Império, e com conceitos de inspiração foucaultiana, que possibilitaram apontar para o que aqui é entendido como “fenômeno arco-íris”, um conjunto discursivo que, capturando e subjetivando os sujeitos em nossa cultura, atende aos movimentos de valorização da diferença, ao mesmo tempo que fortalece a ordem imperial.This thesis analyses the representations involving the Brazilian Indian in seven film narratives produced in the country since 1970: Como era gostoso o meu francês, Avaeté. Semente da vingança. O Guarani, Hans Staden, Caramuru. A invenção do Brasil, Tainá. Uma aventura na Amazônia and Tainá 2. A aventura continua. In the light of Culture Studies in Education, it aims to develop a textual analysis of narratives through the investigation of possible recurrences and movements in the ways to narrate this particular character; by considering that the cinema is part of what we understand as Cultural Pedagogies, the study is based on the principle that film narratives, when they involve the spectators, teach about the Brazilian Indian. Nowadays, when discourses valuing differences reach all social environments, this research focused on the comprehension of the ways the Brazilian Indians are being narrated specially in films which describe the adventures of Tainá. Such narratives, when crossed with other stories used in the research, show that the colonialist way of representation still has strong influence on how the Indian is narrated in contemporaneity. To comprehend such condition, concepts and theorizations proposed by Hardt and Negri in Empire (2003) were used as well as concepts inspired in Foucault, which pointed out to what is understood as “rainbow-phenomenon” a set of discursive elements which captures and makes subjective the individuals in our culture, responding not only to the movements of valuing differences but also strengthening the imperial order.
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Persons, Annie. "Jasper Speaks." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5812.
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