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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Culture and Empire

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Academic literature on the topic 'Culture and Empire'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Culture and Empire"

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Bastos, Cristiana. "Intersections of Empire, Post-Empire, and Diaspora: De-Imperializing Lusophone Studies." Journal of Lusophone Studies 5, no. 2 (December 19, 2020): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21471/jls.v5i2.367.

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The present article opens with a generic plea for the de-imperialization of Lusophone studies. A de-imperial turn should allow researchers to explore more thoroughly the experiences of diaspora and exile that an empire-centered history and its spin-offs have obfuscated; it should also help to de-essentialize depictions of Portuguese heritage and culture shaped by these narratives. Such a turn promises to address the multiple identifications, internal diversities, and racialized inequalities produced by the making and unmaking of empire. My contribution consists of a few ethnographic-historic case studies collected at the intersections of empire, post-empire, and diaspora. These include nineteenthcentury diasporic movements that brought Portuguese subjects to competing empires; past and present celebrations of heritage in diasporic contexts; culture wars around representations; and current directions in post-imperial celebrations and reparations.

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Philip, Kavita. "Nature, Culture Capital, Empire." Capitalism Nature Socialism 18, no. 1 (March 2007): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10455750601164584.

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Issawi, Charles. "Empire Builders, Culture Makers, and Culture Imprinters." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20, no. 2 (1989): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204831.

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Schreiber, Katharina J. "Conquest and Consolidation: A Comparison of the Wari and Inka Occupations of a Highland Peruvian Valley." American Antiquity 52, no. 2 (April 1987): 266–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281780.

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A recent archaeological survey was conducted of a highland Peruvian valley in order to evaluate the effect on a local culture of the expansion of empires. The strategy employed in the consolidation of a region under an imperial administrative structure is the result of two general factors: the needs of the empire, and the level of extant local political organization. Evidence of Wari and Inka imperial facilities in the Carahuarazo Valley is interpreted in light of changes in the local culture during each occupation to provide a more complete picture of this process. A relatively greater Wari presence and lesser Inka presence are interpreted as the result of differing administrative needs on the part of the respective empires, as well as differing local systems at the time of each conquest. Similarities in goods and services extracted by each empire serve to indicate that although imperial strategies differed, the end result of consolidation of the area into each empire was roughly similar.

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Murphy, David. "Culture, empire, and the postcolony." Francosphères 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/franc.2012.2.

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Offen, Karl. "The visual culture of empire." Journal of Historical Geography 45 (July 2014): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2014.05.023.

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Farrell, Theo. "Strategic Culture and American Empire." SAIS Review of International Affairs 25, no. 2 (2005): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2005.0033.

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Surman, Jan. "The Circulation of Scientific Knowledge in the Late Habsburg Monarchy: Multicultural Perspectives on Imperial Scholarship." Austrian History Yearbook 46 (April 2015): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237814000150.

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The question of how to categorize and study science in multicultural empires has in recent years increasingly occupied historians of science and of empires. Issues of intercultural mediation, brokerage, or cultural translation have been particularly influential in the study of science in colonial empires. However, the question for continental empires was about science as a reaction to pluricultural reality. Ernest Gellner, Deborah Coen, and Johannes Feichtinger, among others, have taken a similar approach to the Habsburg monarchy, which notwithstanding its legal status as a monarchy shared several characteristics of an empire. These reactions to empire also included nationalisms, which, as recent publications have shown, largely defined the shape of the late-nineteenth-century scientific landscape in Central Europe. In this article, I want to look at the imperial scientific landscape from yet another perspective, concentrating on itinerant scholars and the circulation of knowledge in the Habsburg Empire. In my view, this constitutes an imperial culture of its own that has not yet been thoroughly analyzed.

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Dai, Gaole. "How Did Alexander the Great influence Macedonian Culture?" Communications in Humanities Research 30, no. 1 (May 17, 2024): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/30/20231516.

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Alexander's empire had a great influence on the later history of Europe. Therefore, this paper hopes to study the culture and policies of other countries in the most glorious period of Alexander's empire, the period of Alexander the Great, to determine whether it really had such a big impact. Alexander the Great exported Macedonian culture including but not limited to architecture, transportation, military ideas, philosophy, and literature. At the same time, he promoted the exchange and integration of various ethnic cultures during his reign. Therefore, we can judge that Alexander's empire had a great influence on the whole of Asia and Europe in every important area of culture, policy and economy. This paper allows the reader to get a clearer picture of where and to what extent Alexander's influence mainly existed.

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Melman, Billie. "Ur: Empire, Modernity, and the Visualization of Antiquity Between the Two World Wars." Representations 145, no. 1 (2019): 129–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2019.145.1.129.

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This article explores the multiple visual presences of antiquity in the first half of the twentieth century and connects visual histories to the history of empires. It shows how archaeology mediated between the newly discovered material civilizations of the ancient Mesopotamian empires and experiences of modernity in the British Empire, the world’s largest modern empire. The article demonstrates how the materiality of antiquity enabled its visualization in a variety of forms, from illustrations through black-and-white and color photography to aerial photography, and in three-dimensional reconstructions in museums. The article focuses on the spectacular archaeological discoveries at Ur, Tell Al-Muqayyar, in Southern Iraq, which exposed to mass audiences the unknown Sumerian culture. Ur was represented and constructed as the place of origin of monotheism, a site of a rich material culture, and, at the same time, as barbarous.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Culture and Empire"

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Goldstein, Matthew Mulligan. "Theosophy, culture, and empire /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Ali, Lamine Hashim. "The culture of the Mughal capital cities : 1556 to 1658." Phd thesis, Department of Indian Studies, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4016.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.
Title from title screen (viewed January 28, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Indian Subcontinental Studies, School of Languages and Cultures, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.

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McCloskey, Jason A. "Epic conflicts culture, conquest and myth in the Spanish Empire /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3350507.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Spanish and Portuguese, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 8, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-03, Section: A, page: 0890. Adviser: Steven Wagschal.

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Roy, Rajadipta. "Between culture and Empire : Reading Select Novels of Joseph conrad." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1576.

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Gollannek, Eric Frederick. ""Empire follows art" exchange and the sensory worlds of Empire in Britain and its colonies, 1740-1775 /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 427 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1625773591&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ali, Lamine Hashim. "The culture of the Mughal capital cities, 1556 to 1658." Connect to full text, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4016.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.
Title from title screen (viewed January 28, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Indian Subcontinental Studies, School of Languages and Cultures, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.

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Cheang, I. Ian. "Deconstruction of the Disney Princess Empire." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1874212.

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Bassett, Melanie Marie. "The Royal Dockyard worker in Edwardian England : culture, leisure and empire." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-royal-dockyard-worker-in-edwardian-england(4e6cf63b-a4b1-4258-b638-211a67a34089).html.

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This thesis is a detailed study of the influence of imperialism on the English working-class male during the period of ‘high imperialism’. Recent debate on the impact of imperialism on the British working class has split academics between those who argue in favour of an imperial dominant ideology and those who question its impact. The thesis will address this disparity and make an original contribution to the historiography of British imperialism by examining discourses of ‘top down’ imperialism alongside working-class responses to evaluate their impact and highlight examples of cultural agency. By using a detailed study of the Portsmouth Royal Dockyard worker the thesis highlights the importance of local experiences in mediating the imperial narrative. The impact of workplace relations in the community, the civic elites, the provincial press and commercial leisure are explored to provide a nuanced understanding of how these processes worked in practice. Portsmouth’s Royal Dockyard worker provides an interesting case study as the town’s economic prosperity rested with the presence of the Admiralty in the town. The Royal Dockyard workers were the largest industrial group in the town and possessed a unique perspective as employees of the state. They were instrumental in the building and maintenance of the British Fleet, which continued to gain increasing interest during the Edwardian period due to the escalation of the Naval Arms Race with Germany and the other world powers. Their lack of trade union activity in comparison to northern and midland industrialised towns and the reliance on the strength of the Royal Navy to provide them with employment has led to assumptions that Royal Dockyard workers were deferential and subservient to the Admiralty and economically pre-disposed to “naval imperialism.” This study will offer a unique perspective on the study of imperialism by illustrating, not just how the working classes were subjected to imperialism from ‘above’, but how they were able to use concepts of empire to their own advantage. Rather than being subservient, deferential and economically predisposed to being ‘imperialists’ the thesis will argue that the workforce of the Royal Dockyard were active in their approaches to British imperial thought.

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Orlowska, Izabela Anna. "Re-imagining Empire : Ethiopian political culture under Yohannis IV, 1872-89." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560557.

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This thesis is concerned with the question of how the Ethiopian monarchy reconstructed and reinvented itself after more than a century of decline. It examines the internal dynamics of this process, by utilising primary source materials in indigenous Ethiopian languages. The main sources used are chronicles commemorating the reign of Y ohannis IV, the second of the monarchs who presided over the period widely regarded as marking the beginning of modem Ethiopian history. Chapter 1 outlines the main social and political themes essential for an understanding of Ethiopia in the late-nineteenth century. It deals with the origins of the national ideology, church-state relations, patronclient relations, the economic basis of society and land tenure. I then sketch the historical debate surrounding the period that provides the immediate context for the monarchy of Y ohannis IV. Chapter 2 examines the rise to power of Y ohannis and analyses this process by addressing understandings of authority, leadership and the role of charisma in the Ethiopian context. Chapter 3 examines how Solomonic genealogy and the religious symbols embedded in the glorious past of the monarchy were mobilised by Y ohannis to further his project of imperial reconstruction. Particular attention is paid to his coronation ceremony in 1872, as an example of the mobilization of imperial ideology, here expressed through the pageantry of political ritual. Chapters 4 and 5 look at the functioning of the Ethiopian political scene. Here oral sources supplement documentary material in order to identify new mechanisms and institutions that characterised the political culture of late nineteenth-century Ethiopia. Using historical narrative, reconstructed by tracing the lives and careers of prominent individuals on the political scene, I explain the dynamics of the centrifugal and centripetal forces that characterised centre-periphery relations. Chapter 6 examines the revived structure of the empire based on the concept of the king of kings and his relationship with his subordinate regional ruler.

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Schilling, Britta. "Memory, myth and material culture : visions of empire in postcolonial Germany." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530073.

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Books on the topic "Culture and Empire"

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Evans, Martin, ed. Empire and Culture. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230000681.

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Griffiths, John. Empire and Popular Culture. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351024822.

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Callaway, Helen. Gender, Culture and Empire. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18307-4.

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Goth's dark empire. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005.

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Dodson, Michael S. Orientalism, Empire, and National Culture. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230288706.

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Queer theory: Law, culture, empire. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2010.

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Hedges, Chris. Empire of Illusion. New York: Nation Books, 2009.

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Garnsey, Peter. L' empire romain: Économie, société, culture. Paris: Éditions La Découverte, 1994.

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Le Second Empire: Politique, société, culture. Paris: A. Colin, 2004.

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Smith, Michelle J. Empire in British Girls’ Literature and Culture. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230308121.

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Book chapters on the topic "Culture and Empire"

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Johnston, Andrew M. "Culture,War, Empire." In Hegemony and Culture in the Origins of NATO Nuclear First-Use, 1945–1955, 20–48. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403976932_2.

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Poore, Benjamin. "Empire and Culture." In Theatre & Empire, 27–35. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-44307-6_7.

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Rieder, John. "Empire." In The Routledge Companion to Cyberpunk Culture, 335–43. London; New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351139885-40.

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Griffiths, John. "‘Holloway Empire’." In Empire and Popular Culture, 332–35. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351024785-48.

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Angulo, A. J. "Culture and Citizenship." In Empire and Education, 33–49. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137024534_3.

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Griffiths, John. "Inter-Empire Championships." In Empire and Popular Culture, 366–69. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351024747-46.

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Harding, Sandra. "Science, Race, Culture, Empire." In A Companion to Racial and Ethnic Studies, 217–28. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/b.9780631206163.2002.00021.x.

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Feu, Montse. "“The Will to Empire”." In Americanized Spanish Culture, 111–28. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003231868-9.

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Price, Richard. "Legacies in imperial culture." In Empire and Indigeneity, 297–324. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Taylor and Francis, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003098447-11.

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Evans, Martin. "Culture and Empire, 1830–1962: An Overview." In Empire and Culture, 1–23. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230000681_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Culture and Empire"

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Oral, Tanju. "THE PLACE OF THE TURKİSH LANGUAGE AND LİTERATURE İN BABUR SHAH AND HİS CULTURAL POLİCY." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/zzrk4261.

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Thepermanence of the countries acguired by the sword can only be ensured through the pen. Babur Shah managed to establish a lasting empire in India, which had been conquered twice before but couldn't be held. The works he left us, primarily Baburnama, as well as Divan, Aruz Risalesi, a treatise in which he demonstrated a tactic using a verse with 504 metrics, Mübeyyen, and the translation of Risale-i Validiyye, provide us with insights into Babur Shah's utilization of the Turkish language, his mastery of Turkish culture, his understanding of state governance, his surroundings, emotions, genealogy, contemporary artists, and much more. In this article, we examined how the pen that ensured the empire's permanence turned the geography into homeland, how he stamped this place with Turkish language and culture through its architecture and demographic structure, and his cultural policy applied in state governance, all through his own works.

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Frederic, Stephen. "BABUR’S TIMURID SULTANATE." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/htom1784.

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This article discusses the historical neglect of Babur, the founder of the Babur Empire in South Asia, and the recent resurgence of interest in his role due to political and religious controversies. Historically, scholars have focused on his son Akbar as the empire's founder, largely ignoring Babur's heritage and his reign's early years. However, in 1992, the destruction of the Babri Masjid mosque in Ayodhya by Hindu revivalists sparked renewed interest in Babur's Indian conquest. These individuals claimed that Babur intentionally built the mosque on the site of a Hindu temple to assert his militant religious intent in Islamizing Hindustan. This article argues that Babur's invasion of North India was not driven by religious crusade but by a desire to establish a Timurid empire in the prosperous North Indian region. Despite evidence to the contrary, Hindu nationalist rhetoric continues to promote the idea of Babur's evangelical mission, making scholarly analysis of this issue crucial in twenty-first century India. Fortunately, Babur's autobiography provides valuable insights into his motives, policies, and actions, offering a unique perspective on his Turco-Mongol society, Persianized culture, and Timurid political career.

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Bilgeç, Hakan. "Women in Business Life in the 20th Century Ottoman Empire: A Case Analysis." In 7th International Conference on Gender Studies: Gender, Space, Place & Culture. Eastern Mediterranean University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33831/gspc19/468-486/30.

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Ulvi, Almaz. "TWO POWERFUL KINGS - TWO FAMOUS POETS (Shah Ismayil Khatai-566 and Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur-540)." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/pwpx8234.

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The names of two rulers - Shah Ismayil Khatai and Zahireddin Muhammad Babur - whose military power and poetic spirit complemented each other, were written in golden letters in the books of world history and science and literature. The lives and friendships of the great historical figures who were the commanders and poets of the Safavid Empire and the Babur Empire in the 15th and 16th centuries are one of the actual confirmations of the establishment of today's fraternal relations on a sound foundation.

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Xiong, Yingqin. "Study on the Martial Spirit of Qin People from the Qin Empire." In 2017 International Conference on Culture, Education and Financial Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccese-17.2017.96.

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Ziehaus, Stephanie. "The Qing in Global History and Empire Studies: New Approaches and Frontiers." In Current Issues in the Study of History, Foreign Relations and Culture of Asian Countries. Novosibirsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1268-0-59-66.

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Johnson, Nicholas. "CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN THE SACRED ART OF THE RAMIFIED BYZANTINE EMPIRE." In Kralj Milutin i doba Paleologa: istorija, književnost, kulturno nasleđe. Publishing House of the Eparchy of Šumadija of the Serbian Orthodox Church - "Kalenić", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/6008-065-5.559j.

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This paper will look for evidence of continuity and change in the periphery and centre of the Byzantine Empire in the late Palaeologan period looking at examples of sacred art from before and after the Latin occupation of Constantinople (1204-1261), I shall attempt to identify examples of continuity which served to reestablish Orthodoxy and note changes in composition, style and symbolism which have come to be seen by some as a Palaeologan Renaissance. My contention is that the visual culture thrived even when the polity and economy of empire were compromised.

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Sirojiddinov, Shuhrat. "BABUR: A RULER, POET AND ENCYCLOPEDIST SCIENTIST." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/chxk8292.

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Aca, Mehmet. "A READING OF HEROISM THROUGH BABUR." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/ygda7085.

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Babur, as the fifth-generation descendant of might Tamerlane, was enthroned in Fergana when he was twelve years old, after the death of Omar Sheikh Mirza. Babur’s reign had dire conditions so that he would struggle to rule freely. Babur would inherit Tamerlane’s crumbling state which struggles with chaos. On top of this, Timurids would be besieged from all sides by their foes. At such a time, Babur would feel the need of protecting his realm and reviving it. Though, occurring power imbalances between Huseyn Baykara, Mahmud Mirza and Sheybani Khan, Babur’s illnesses and betrayals would make Babur’s ambitions even more challenging. Babur would stop his ambitions in Turkistan due to such reasons. Thus, he would leave Turkistan for a different goal. He would seek success and glory beyond the Hindu Kush Mountains. Passing through the mountains, he would conquer Kabul and declare himself the ruler of Kabul. Then, he would move towards Baluchistan and Northern India to form his Mughal Empire. This new Mughal Empire would stand against the test of time and persevere until the peaks of British colonialism in India throughout 19thcentury. As a great ruler of Turkistan and India, his life deserves a study as a founder hero. This study will put Babur under scrutiny through his birth, successes, failures, education, relations with regards to his mother and family, his downfall, exodus and his formation of an empire in foreign lands.

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Akalin, Ahmet. "BABUR STUDİES İN TÜRKİYE: A DESCRİPTİVE STUDY ON PHD AND MASTER'S DİSSERTATİONS." In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/uudd2467.

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Babur Empire, founded by Gazi Zahirad-Din Muhammad Babur Shah, also known as the Gurkani State, is considered one of the 16 largest Turkic states established in history. With this aspect, this state founded by Babur in South Asia attracts the attention of researchers.In this context, the number of master's and doctoral theses written in universities in Turkiye about the Babur State, including Babur and his sons and grandsons after him, the departments in which these theses were written and their contents have been a matter of curiosity. This research is limited to the number and areas of the theses in question.This study is important in terms of presenting the academic studies about Babur, who established an empire that includes countries such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan, which constitute a significant part of the world's population. In this study, it is aimed to present quantitative data about the theses written in Türkiye.Literature review, which is one of the qualitative research techniques, was used as a method in the study and quantitative data were obtained by making use of the thesis query feature on the website of the Council of Higher Education (YOK). These theses are classified under titles such as the number of theses, their distribution by years, the status of being a master's or doctoral thesis, and the universities they were written in.

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Reports on the topic "Culture and Empire"

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Pundt, Heather. Mining Culture in Roman Dacia: Empire, Community, and Identity at the Gold Mines of Alburnus Maior ca.107-270 C.E. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.800.

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Bezerra, Alexandre Sacchetti, Flavia Altheman Loureiro, Carla Maria Pasquareli Vazquez, Afonso Cesar Polimanti, and Rafi Felicio Bauab Dauar. Empiric Treatment of Foot Infection in Patients with Severe Diabetes. Science Repository, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.jicoa.2021.04.04.

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Background: Despite being treated with antibiotics of broad spectrum recommended by International Consensus, severe diabetic patients with lower limb infection do not present a positive clinical evolution during empirical treatment. This study’s bacterial profile was analysed and compared with other worldwide hospital centers. Objective: To confirm the need of an individualized empirical treatment for severe diabetic patients with foot infection. Methods: Retrospective analysis of cultures and antibiograms of severe diabetic patients admitted by foot infection. Results: The results were consistent with the socioeconomic realities of developing countries. Gram-negative bacteria (52,11%) were present in most bone cultures. Results presented a high incidence of Enterococcus faecalis in both gram-positive (21,2%) and polymicrobial (34,7%) samples. Bacterial resistance with the use of ordinary antibiotics in the statistical analysis was high. Conclusion: The community infections should undergo broad spectrum empirical therapy combining amikacin (80,43%) or meropenem (72,00%) with gram-negative and vancomycin (100%) or teicoplanin (90,00%) or linezolid (74,19%) with gram-positive.

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Vuksanović, Vuk. Between Emotions and Realism: Two Faces of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Balkans. Belgrade Centre for Security Policy, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55042/wzvw6831.

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Turkey’s more assertive posture towards the Balkans is neglected compared to the commentariat that deals with Russia and China. To fill this policy gap, the research team of the Belgrade Centre for Security Policy (BCSP) has conducted research based on the analysis of secondary source material and, even more importantly, on fieldwork interviews that involved 16 sources, academics and think tank researchers based in Istanbul and Ankara. Although the consulted sources have different backgrounds and political sympathies, the research established a presence of common themes. Namely, Turkish foreign policy in the Balkans has two aspects. The first is based on emotions, where Turkish foreign policy towards the region is framed by Turkey’s special ties with the region based on shared history, social connections, identity factors and the legacy of the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan country that is most frequently mentioned in the context of special ties with Turkey is Bosnia and Herzegovina, in light of socio-cultural ties and the fact that it is a country in which the Ottoman legacy is felt most strongly. The second approach is rooted in traditional foreign policy realism derived from an objective and calculated assessment of the regional balance of power and one’s own interests. Within this approach, Turkey is trying, for security and strategic reasons, to act pragmatically and be effective in the Balkans without entangling itself in crises that could impede its regional influence. This approach leads Turkey towards engaging Serbia, the region’s strategically consequential country, because Ankara is deeply convinced that if it wishes to be effective in the Balkans, it needs to have a partnership with Belgrade. In doing so, it must strike a balance between emotions and realism. It needs to walk the fine line between nurturing ties with communities with which it has cultural and religious ties, like Bosniaks and Albanians, while avoiding alienating countries whose partnership Ankara needs to be able to succeed in the Balkans, such as Serbia.

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Davies, Will. Improving the engagement of UK armed forces overseas. Royal Institute of International Affairs, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135010.

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The UK government’s Integrated Review of security, defence, development and foreign policy, published in March 2021 alongside a supporting defence command paper, set a new course for UK national security and highlighted opportunities for an innovative approach to international engagement activity. The Integrated Review focused principally on the state threats posed by China’s increasing power and by competitors – including Russia – armed with nuclear, conventional and hybrid capabilities. It also stressed the continuing risks to global security and resilience due to conflict and instability in weakened and failed states. These threats have the potential to increase poverty and inequality, violent extremism, climate degradation and the forced displacement of people, while presenting authoritarian competitors with opportunities to enhance their geopolitical influence. There are moral, security and economic motives to foster durable peace in conflict-prone and weakened regions through a peacebuilding approach that promotes good governance, addresses the root causes of conflict and prevents violence, while denying opportunities to state competitors. The recent withdrawal from Afghanistan serves to emphasize the complexities and potential pitfalls associated with intervention operations in complex, unstable regions. Success in the future will require the full, sustained and coordinated integration of national, allied and regional levers of power underpinned by a sophisticated understanding of the operating environment. The UK armed forces, with their considerable resources and global network, will contribute to this effort through ‘persistent engagement’. This is a new approach to overseas operations below the threshold of conflict, designed as a pre-emptive complement to warfighting. To achieve this, the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) must develop a capability that can operate effectively in weak, unstable and complex regions prone to violent conflict and crises, not least in the regions on the eastern and southern flanks of the Euro-Atlantic area. The first step must be the development of a cohort of military personnel with enhanced, tailored levels of knowledge, skills and experience. Engagement roles must be filled by operators with specialist knowledge, skills and experience forged beyond the mainstream discipline of combat and warfighting. Only then will individuals develop a genuinely sophisticated understanding of complex, politically driven and sensitive operating environments and be able to infuse the design and delivery of international activities with practical wisdom and insight. Engagement personnel need to be equipped with: An inherent understanding of the human and political dimensions of conflict, the underlying drivers such as inequality and scarcity, and the exacerbating factors such as climate change and migration; - A grounding in social sciences and conflict modelling in order to understand complex human terrain; - Regional expertise enabled by language skills, cultural intelligence and human networks; - Familiarity with a diverse range of partners, allies and local actors and their approaches; - Expertise in building partner capacity and applying defence capabilities to deliver stability and peace; - A grasp of emerging artificial intelligence technology as a tool to understand human terrain; - Reach and insight developed through ‘knowledge networks’ of external experts in academia, think-tanks and NGOs. Successful change will be dependent on strong and overt advocacy by the MOD’s senior leadership and a revised set of personnel policies and procedures for this cohort’s selection, education, training, career management, incentivization, sustainability and support.

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