Academic literature on the topic 'Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified"
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LEE, Sang Dong. "Medical knowledge of medieval physician on the cause of plague during 1347/8-1351: traditional understandings to poison theory." Korean Journal of Medical History 31, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 363–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2022.31.363.
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This article sets its investigative goal on determining the medical knowledge of medieval physicians from 1347-8 to 1351 concerning the causes of plague. As the plague killed a third of Europe’s population, the contemporary witness at the time perceived God as the sender of this plague to punish the human society. However, physicians separated the religious and cultural explanation for the cause of this plague and instead seek the answer to this question elsewhere. Developing on traditional medical knowledges, physicians classified the possible range of the plague’s causes into two areas: universal cause and individual/particular causes. In addition, they also sought to explain the causes by employing the traditional miasma-humoral theory. Unlike the previous ones, however, the plague during 1347-8 to 1351 killed the patients indiscriminately and also incredibly viciously. This phenomenon could not be explained by merely using the traditional medical knowledge and this idiosyncrasy led the physicians employ the poison theory to explain the causes of plague more pragmatically.
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Beeman, William O. "Understanding the Zār." Anthropology of the Middle East 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ame.2018.130106.
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This article explores the structure and meaning of the Zār ceremony as carried out throughout the Persian Gulf. This ceremony is mirrored by similar ones throughout North and East Africa, suggesting that the Zār may have resulted from cultural diffusion along historical trade routes. The Zār practitioners, the bābā and the māmā, must cultivate extensive skills in musical performance, movement and coordination in order to affect a palliative relief for persons affected by spirit ‘winds’ that inhabit them, causing physical and emotional distress. The Zār ceremony is an important method of non-allopathic treatment for emotional disorders that might elsewhere be treated through psychiatry in clinical settings. Practitioners see it as compatible with Islam, though not a strictly Islamic practice.
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Claassen, Cheryl. "Rock Shelters as Women's Retreats: Understanding Newt Kash." American Antiquity 76, no. 4 (October 2011): 628–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.76.4.628.
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This paper provides a cultural context for the cache of early domesticated seeds found in Newt Kash Shelter in eastern Kentucky. Based on the abundant fibers, bedding, nuts, cradleboard, bedrock mortar, shell spoons, abundance of potential medicinal plants, infrequent fauna, and arrangement of pits, Newt Kash may have been a women's retreat place during menstruation, birthing, and sickness, and possibly the meeting place of a medicine society. There are other possible retreat shelters in this region and elsewhere.
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Haustein, Jörg. "Religion, politics and an apocryphal admonition: the German East African “Mecca letter” of 1908 in historical-critical analysis." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 83, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 95–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x20000026.
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AbstractThis article analyses a Muslim missive, which was circulated in German East Africa in 1908. Erroneously dubbed the “Mecca letter”, it called believers to repentance and sparked a religious revival, which alarmed the German administration. Their primarily political interpretation of the letter was retained in subsequent scholarship, which has overlooked two important textual resources for a better understanding of the missive: the presence of similar letters elsewhere and the fourteen copies still available in the Tanzanian National Archive. Presenting the first text-critical edition of the letter, together with a historical introduction of the extant specimens and a textual comparison to similar missives elsewhere, the article argues that the East African “Mecca letter” of 1908 was nothing more than a local circulation of a global chain letter. As such, its rapid transmission was not connected to a single political agency, but was likely prompted by a large variety of motivations.
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Lomas, Tim, Jim Ritchie-Dunham, Matthew T. Lee, and Tyler J. VanderWeele. "The varieties of vitality: A cross-cultural lexical analysis." International Journal of Wellbeing 12, no. 4 (November 1, 2022): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5502/ijw.v12i4.2627.
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Vitality has been underappreciated and underexplored by academia at large. This oversight is potentially explained by the Western-centric nature of most fields, with vitality having been comparatively neglected in the West relative to elsewhere. One explanation for this lacuna is that vitality is not easily pigeonholed within the ontological categories dominant in the West, such as mind and body. This paper therefore aims to learn from cultures that have cultivated a greater understanding of vitality, doing so by engaging with relevant ‘untranslatable’ words (i.e., those without exact equivalent in English), thus enriching our conceptual map of this topic. Over 200 relevant terms were located and analyzed using an adapted form of grounded theory. Three themes were identified, each with four subthemes: spirit (life force, channels, soul, and transcendence); energy (fortitude, channeling, willpower, and recharging); and heart (desire, passion, affection, and satisfaction). The paper thus refines our understanding of this important topic and provides a foundation for future research.
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WALTON, JOHN K., and DAVID TIDSWELL. "‘Classified at random by veritable illiterates’: the taking of the Spanish census of 1920 in Guipúzcoa province." Continuity and Change 20, no. 2 (August 2005): 287–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416005005503.
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This article offers an approach through administrative and cultural history to the problems associated with gathering and processing data for the Spanish national census of 1920, and by implication for earlier Spanish censuses. It focuses on the Basque province of Guipúzcoa, making use of correspondence between the central statistical office in Madrid, the provincial jefe de estadística and the localities, and of reports on three problematic towns within the province. The issues that emerge regarding ‘undercounting’, the definition of administrative boundaries and the classification of demographic characteristics are set in the wider context of census-taking practices and problems elsewhere in Spain and in other cultures.
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Maryani, Maryani, and Lewinna Christiani Aguskin. "University Students’ Understanding on Cultural Activities in American Culture Class." Lingua Cultura 12, no. 2 (May 25, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v12i2.4043.
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This research examined university students’ cultural understanding based on cultural activities that they had experienced. The data were gathered from 20 Indonesian university students who were attending American culture class through a questionnaire and ten learning logs. These students had experienced four different types of cultural activities. They were asked to share the experiences they have had regarding the cultural activities in the questionnaire and their gained knowledge related to each cultural activities in the learning log. The qualitative data were analyzed manually and classified into tables. The findings were used to explore student’s understanding of the use of cultural activities in learning and understanding American culture. In conclusion, the students gain deeper understanding after experiencing the cultural activities regarding American culture. The cultural activities practiced in this research can be used and developed for other subjects to enhance teaching and learning process in the classroom, especially to increase students’ comprehension of the particular subjects.
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Zartman, Jonathan K. "Development and Peace Through Traditional, Cultural, Islamic Mediation." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 15, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 164–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542316620905788.
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In a world filled with conflict, competition, and war, those who work for peace shape the character of human existence at the local level. The lives and petitions of individuals who work to reduce the ravages of conflict create profound effects and deserve attention and study. In the last two decades of international politics, violence in Islamic societies in Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, Sudan, and elsewhere has gained global public attention. However, the international media frequently does see the local-level initiatives to promote peace in traditional Islamic societies. Many people, whether in humanitarian nongovernmental organisation operations, or as part of a military-led reconstruction team, have worked and poured treasure into promoting stability in traditional societies suffering from insecurity. Understanding the resources for peace offered in Islam and the way in which Muslims work for peace in their communities can empower those who seek to help and protect them from strategic errors.
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Berkvens, Jan B. Y. "The Importance of Understanding Culture When Improving Education: Learning from Cambodia." International Education Studies 10, no. 9 (August 27, 2017): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n9p161.
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Following Education for All, initiatives like child-friendly schools initiative is rolled out in many countries, including Cambodia. The child-friendly schools initiative is addressing general and local needs of children in schools, like a safe environment, well-trained teachers and the provision of teaching and materials. But there is also a component that is more cultural in nature and might not resonate well with the country’s culture. As Hofstede’s (1980, 1986) research concerning cultural differences indicated, a country’s culture can be described following five dimensions (individualism/collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/femininity, and long-term/short-term orientation). Not taking a country’s culture into account while intervening with important services like education, might lead to low intervention outcomes, teachers who feel uncomfortable with the proposed contents and ways of teaching, and students who are not prepared well towards the society they live in. A cultural profile of Cambodia was missing when the ministry of education started to roll out the Education for All and Child Friendly School approaches in 2006/2007 (Schaeffer & Heng, 2016). The original research has since been enriched with additional data sets. The data sets are by no means large enough to be representative, but through triangulation a careful attempt is made to at least inform educationalists of the importance of taking culture into account when designing and implementing educational interventions to improve learning in Cambodia, and likely elsewhere. With the onset of the Sustainable Development Goals (UN Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, 2015), such cultural understanding is a necessity in order to achieve cultural appropriate project outcomes.
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Waitt, Gordon, Carol Farbotko, and Barbara Criddle. "Scalar Politics of Climate Change: Regions, Emissions and Responsibility." Media International Australia 143, no. 1 (May 2012): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1214300106.
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The print media have facilitated multiple types of claim-making and an oppositional climate change politics. Drawing on arguments about the social construction of geographical scale as a category for understanding media practice, this article examines such politics. We focus on the Illawarra Mercury, the only daily newspaper in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, to showcase exactly how this tabloid newspaper engages readers in a scalar politics of climate change. We argue that a regional scalar politics shapes the framing of emissions in the Illawarra Mercury. A key question organising this article concerns the way in which geographical scale is invoked, and reproduced, in this newspaper to structure a certain rationale in reporting on emissions from one of Australia's largest greenhouse gas emitters, the Port Kembla Steelworks. The argument is that the regional scale is evoked as a pre-given, natural and contained entity to justify why the steelworks need not shoulder greenhouse gas emissions reductions. We argue that a better understanding of scalar politics is integral to explain how responsibility for emissions is shifted elsewhere.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified"
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Hewitt, Andy. "Art and counter-publics in Third Way cultural policy." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2012. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/5679/.
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In the UK, over the past decade, the rhetoric of ‘Third Way’ governance informed cultural policy. The research sets out how the agenda for cultural policy converged with priorities for economic and social policy, in policies implemented by Arts Council England, in the commissioning of publicly funded visual art and within culture-led regeneration. Hence visual art production was further instrumentalized for the purposes of marketization and privatization. The practice-based research examines the problems issues and contingencies for visual art production in this context. Public sphere theory is used to examine ideas of publics and publicness in Third Way cultural policy context, in state cultural institutions and programming. Using Jürgen Habermas’ conception of the public sphere, the research proposes that cultural policy functioned as ‘steering media’, as publicity for the state to produce social cohesion and affirmative conceptions of the social order, i.e. the management of publics. In contrast, public sphere theory is concerned with societal processes of opinion formation, of selfforming, deliberating and rival publics. The research also applies theories of the public sphere to the theories of art and participation associated with socially-engaged art practice - theories that articulate art in relation to its publics. While socially-engaged artists have produced new modes of art practice that have shifted arts ontology, the research points to how Third Way cultural policy was quick to seize upon socially-engaged art for its own agenda. Public sphere theory informed the strategies and tactics of the Freee art collective (Dave Beech, Andy Hewitt, Mel Jordan) in the production of publicly-funded artworks. The artworks were a means to test the hypothesis and to find evidence by intervening in Third Way cultural policy with alternative ideas. Freee’s public spherian art proposes new modes of participative art to counter Third Way cultural policy - a ‘counter-public art’.
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Dzuverovic, Lina. "Pop art tendencies in self-managed socialism : pop reactions and counter-cultural pop in Yugoslavia in 1960s and 1970s." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2017. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/2850/.
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This thesis explores forms of Pop Art on the territory of the former Yugoslavia in the 1960s and 1970s, seeking to identify its local variants. Yugoslavia, a single party state, built on the legacy of the anti-fascist Partisan struggle, principles of solidarity, egalitarianism, self-management and a strong sense of internationalism due to its founding role in the Non-Aligned Movement, was, at the same time, a country immersed in what has been termed 'utopian consumerism'. The thesis examines how Yugoslav artists during this period dealt with the burgeoning consumer society and media boom, kitsch and the Westernization of Yugoslav culture, phenomena which were ideologically at odds with the country’s own socialist principles. Starting from an analysis of the role of the artist in post-war Yugoslav system of self-management, the thesis proposes that Pop in Yugoslavia can be read as a critical site of articulation and negotiation of that role. Yugoslavia’s founding principles, formed as a legacy of the People’s Liberation Struggle (1941 – 1945), were based upon self-management and the introduction of social property, with art being a democratizing force with a central emancipatory role in the building of the new socialist state. But socialist modernism gradually relegated culture to a more illustrative role, as a form of ‘soft power’ for the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The thesis proposes a reading of artists’ diverse engagements with popular culture and materials as varied expressions of resistance to the severing of links with Yugoslavia’s founding principles. My original contribution to knowledge lies in the identification of two strands of Pop in the country–‘Yugoslav Pop Reactions’ and ‘Yugoslav Countercultural Pop’ which each turned to popular culture and cheap everyday materials as an alternative channel through which to respond to socialist modernism. My claim is that the two positions represent two diametrically opposed responses to the disenchantment with socialist modernism and artists’ roles in society – both using the language of Pop Art but representing two different conceptual positions. The thesis is structured around three core questions. Firstly it asks whether it is possible to retrospectively apply the category of Pop Art to artworks which never originally claimed this term. Secondly it examines ways in which Pop tendencies altered the position of Yugoslav female artists, who, marginalised in a heavily male-dominated environment, looked to Pop as an enabling force, allowing new working methods and‘giving licence’ to new types of practices. The third question is concerned with the relationship between power, politics and Pop Art in Yugoslavia, asking to what extent Yugoslav Pop was a form ofpolitical practice, and to what extent is it was a local adaptation of international currents and themes. This thesis is associated with Tate’s multiannual research into ‘global pop’, which culminated in the exhibition ‘The World Goes Pop’ (September 2015 – January 2016, Tate Modern) through a Collaborative Doctoral Award (AHRC). This involved an advisory role in the exhibition research on the territory of the former Yugoslavia, identifying artists and artworks for potential inclusion in the exhibition. The methodology of the thesis was in part shaped by this context, beginning with close studies of artworks, their critical reception, and the study of their context–the sites of production and exhibition in the country at the time. Whilst both local and international literature on Yugoslav art history, global Pop Art as well as Yugoslav material culture and political context has been important, the core research involved oral histories, and visits to artists’ studios, museum collections, depots and archives in search of original artworks. The thesis draws on approximately twenty interviews with artists, curators, art historians and other art workers who were active in 1960s and 1970s, combined with the above-mentioned scholarship.
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Nicholson, Isobel. "Early conversations about computer requirements : alternative approaches to understanding conversations between computer systems analysts and potential computer users, with a view to discovering what should be taught to computer experts about how to discover users' requirements." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316599.
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Computer systems analysts arrange to meet users to find out what is required of software to support an improved human x computer system. Bostrom (1989) successfully uses the precision model to help users explain what they want. Double-loop learning should help analysts hear what users say, but this is difficult to use (Salaway 1987). This research found a majority of analysts had primitive models of users. First meetings are specially difficult: a. Users rapidly pour out masses of information. b. Analysts experience cognitive overload. C. There is less opportunity to use reflective technique. Three discrete populations of analysts were detected: GROUP ANALYSTS' VIEW OF PROBLEMS: A1: The analyst is the problem; A2: Systems thinking aids this difficult task. Why won't my colleagues use it? Any problems are due to users. IT MANAGERS' VIEW OF THIS ANALYST: Few problems; Perhaps naive; Very effective; Hard to control; Too often on users' side; Users complain, analyst doesn't care. In order to introduce analysts to systems thinking about people, the following models were designed: a. MENDAC, a cybernetic model of how people think while talking about computer requirements, designed to introduce technical experts to human-centered issues via the technical paradigm (avoids challenging the technical paradigm, because computer experts often reject human issues rather than question their existing values and assumptions). b. Management of disconfirming evidence: a model of how people might, decide when they could risk double-loop learning. c. H-structures, a model of both views in arguments concerning values. This highlights assumptions of semantic equivalence between one side's fear and the other side's aspirations.
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Heale, Daniel. "Egypt's hidden heritage : cultural heritage management and the archaeology of the Coptic Church." Thesis, University of Winchester, 2016. http://repository.winchester.ac.uk/1236/.
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The Christian cultural heritage of north Africa is ancient and rich, but at risk after recent political events. Many Christian minority communities living in Islamic environments feel at risk of persecution. This is a topical and timely PhD. The Christian, Coptic heritage of Egypt remains poorly studied from the perspective of heritage management and is also at risk from a number of factors. Using first-hand study and analysis based upon original fieldwork, the thesis offers a state of the art assessment to risks facing Coptic monuments in Egypt today. It does this by situating Egyptian heritage policy within the English framework, and it establishes theoretical approaches to value, significance, meaning, and interpretation in Egyptian heritage within a wider global framework. It is based on the analysis of three markedly different Egyptian Christian Coptic sites, each with their own unique management issues and it offers a series of solutions and ideas to preserve, manage and interpret this unique material culture and to emphasise community solutions as being the most viable and sustainable approaches, whilst taking into account the varied levels of significance of these monuments.
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Plaza, Floren. "Measuring, modelling and understanding the mechanical behavior of bagasse." Thesis, University of Southern Queensland, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/74742/1/Thesis_bagasse_mechanical_behaviour.pdf.
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In the Australian sugar industry, sugar cane is smashed into a straw like material by hammers before being squeezed between large rollers to extract the sugar juice.
The straw like material is initially called prepared cane and then bagasse as it passes through successive roller milling units. The sugar cane materials are highly
compressible, have high moisture content, are fibrous, and they resemble some peat soils in both appearance and mechanical behaviour. A promising avenue to improve the performance of milling units for increased throughput and juice extraction, and to reduce costs is by modelling of the crushing process. To achieve this, it is believed necessary that milling models should be able to reproduce measured bagasse behaviour. This investigation sought to measure the mechanical (compression, shear, and volume) behaviour of prepared cane and bagasse, to identify limitations in currently used material models, and to progress towards a material model that can predict
bagasse behaviour adequately. Tests were carried out using a modified direct shear test equipment and procedure at
most of the large range of pressures occurring in the crushing process. The investigation included an assessment of the performance of the direct shear test for measuring bagasse behaviour. The assessment was carried out using finite element modelling. It was shown that prepared cane and bagasse exhibited critical state behavior similar to that of soils and the magnitudes of material parameters were determined. The measurements were used to identify desirable features for a bagasse material model. It was shown that currently used material models had major limitations for reproducing bagasse behaviour. A model from the soil mechanics literature was modified and shown to achieve improved reproduction while using magnitudes of
material parameters that better reflected the measured values. Finally, a typical three roller mill pressure feeder configuration was modelled. The predictions and
limitations were assessed by comparison to measured data from a sugar factory.
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(6008088), Sreemoyi Debroy. "CAN SIMULATION SOFTWARE INTEGRATED WITH GAMIFICATION ENHANCE STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF PROJECT EXECUTION CONCEPTS BY IMPROVING LEARNING OUTCOMES?" Thesis, 2019.
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This research study explores the gamification of SandBoxModel's Project Team Builder, a project management simulation software. Scope, time and cost are the three constraints of project management with quality being the fourth dimension. The software provides a simulated environment where the students are responsible for handling the aforementioned constraints with the objective of executing a complete project. The software is used to teach project management concepts to students who take the CNIT 480 - Managing Information Technology Projects course at Purdue University. The perception survey was used to analyze whether gamification had a significant effect on student understanding of project execution concepts. The triple constraint survey was used to analyze students' level of comprehension regarding the triple constraints after using the simulation software. Gamification was not a success in enhancing project execution concepts since no significant differences were found in student perceptions on comparing the data of the three semesters. However, simulation independent of gamification was successful in improving students' understanding of triple constraint.
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(6944318), Jocelyn Elizabeth Nardo. "Understanding the Science Practice-Linked Identities of Preservice Elementary Teachers." Thesis, 2019.
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Science is an area of study with unique particularities concerning what “counts” as scientific practices where some learners are legitimized, while other learners are not. Such is the case for preservice elementary teachers (hereafter PSETs) –a population characterized by the literature as being in-need of science intervention. However, most of the literature deficiently conceptualizes PSETs’ science learning, so I sought for ways to refigure their learning positively. Drawing from Van Horne and Bell’s (2017) constructs of practice-linked and disciplinary identity, I offer that PSETs have nuanced, complex science identities that are influenced by their lived experiences inside and outside the classroom. To investigate the lived experiences of PSETs both inside and outside the classroom, 10 video-recorded, focus-group interviews were done while PSETs were undertaking an undergraduate chemistry-content course. Students were asked about their relationships with science as past elementary and high school students, as well as current undergraduate students. Students were also asked how they perceived their learning in the chemistry-content course. The research questions this work seeks to answer are:• How do PSETs construct their science practice-linked identities?
• How does Fundamentals of Chemistry afford identity resources that contribute to PSETs’ science practice-linked identities?
The data was coded for themes surrounding their science identities, teaching identities, and learning of each individual PSET. Using narrative analysis, I synthesized three allegories, “I am a science person,” and “I am not a science person,” and Ambiguous which aim to elucidate the spectrum of ways PSETs navigate science learning as a science person, a non-science person, and an unsure person. In addition to the PSETs’ stories, I also analyzed how the chemistry-content course curriculum afforded PSETs with identity-building resources that helped science learning as current students and as future elementary teachers. I found that PSETs’ science identities formed before the course impacted the ways they participated in the chemistry-content course (practice-linked identity), but the curriculum offered students opportunities to renegotiate their science identities and practice science in ways that felt more legitimate to themselves and their prospective careers. Overall, I hope this work informs how instructors can design courses that are sensitive towards the needs of their students and highlight the importance of having a curriculum that affords students with the chance to re-engage with disciplinary practices in which their identities are legitimized as meaningful for their learning.If science determines practices that “count,” science must also acknowledge whose practices are accounted.
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(9234419), Behzad Beigpourian. "UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEAM DYNAMICS ON PEER EVALUATIONS AND TEAM EFFECTIVENESS." Thesis, 2020.
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Engineering students are expected to develop professional skills in addition to their technical knowledge as outcomes of accredited engineering programs. Among the most critical professional skills is the ability to work effectively in a team. Working effectively in teams has learning benefits and also provides an environment for developing other professional skills such as communication, leadership skills, and time management. However, students will develop those skills only if their teams function effectively.
This dissertation includes three studies that together inform team formation and management practices to improve team dynamics. The first study investigates mixed-gender team dynamics to determine whether those teams are realizing their potential. The second study explores the relationship of individual psychological safety and students’ team member effectiveness and the moderating effects of team-level psychological safety. The third study explores self-rating bias among first-year engineering students and its relationship to student characteristics and dimensions of team-member effectiveness.
Although mixed-gender teams had equal team dynamics with all-male teams, more team facilitation and training are needed to improve the experience of mixed-gender teams. Asian, Black, and Hispanic/Latino students, as well as students with lower GPA, report lower psychological safety, which is associated with lower team-member effectiveness. Team-level psychological safety moderated this effect for Asian and Hispanic/Latino students. Students’ effort in teams was associated with lower self-rating bias, likely an indication of greater self-awareness. Together, these studies and their findings contribute to a broader understanding that there are interrelationships among team composition, team dynamics, and team-member effectiveness, and that these relationships differ based on student characteristics such as race/ethnicity, gender, and prior knowledge. This work adds to the body of research demonstrating the importance of teaching students about effective teamwork, conducting regular peer evaluations of team functioning, and interpreting those peer evaluations carefully to avoid perpetuating any biases. This work also demonstrates the usefulness of psychological safety as an important indicator of marginalization.
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Chia, Anthony Chin Pang. "Cross cultural implications of Singaporean Chinese managers in Western multinationals." 2006. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/28378.
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The impetus of this research to explore cross-cultural differences and conflicts between Singaporean Chinese Managers and their western MNCs managers was due to the researcher's 12 years real-life, working experiences in western MNCs. The interest was extended to discover how these managers are able to deal with the corresponding cross-cultural conflict that is embedded in the day-to-day interaction between himself and his superiors from the west The research has found out that despite the changing cultural influence on Singaporean Chinese Managers, they still exhibit a substantial number of Confucian behavioural characteristics that was inherited from their Chinese forefathers, in the area of work attitudes; the importance of intrinsic and extrinsic work attributes; the commitment to the organisation they work for; and from the job itself. Singaporean Chinese Managers are also found to be less confrontational in nature when dealing with conflicts, and are less incline to express their dissatisfaction, or even have a face-to-face argument with their superiors. The research also found that there is a growing 'compromisers' cluster, a group of people who only moderately uphold traditional values regarding family, education and morale, who are open to innovation and whose aim in life is to be socially and financially successful. It further reveals that younger Singaporean Chinese Managers are now more vocal and more confrontational than their older counterparts and possesses more westernised behavioural characteristics. Therefore, this research provides an insight into the way in which Singaporean Chinese Managers both construct and maintain a notion of identity and also explores the evolving cultural shift in the next generation of managers in the Singaporean Chinese community.
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(9141698), Edgar Javier Rojas Munoz. "Assessing Collaborative Physical Tasks via Gestural Analysis using the "MAGIC" Architecture." Thesis, 2020.
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Effective collaboration in a team is a crucial skill.
When people interact together to perform physical tasks, they rely on gestures
to convey instructions. This thesis explores gestures as means to assess
physical collaborative task understanding. This research proposes a framework
to represent, compare, and assess gestures’ morphology, semantics, and
pragmatics, as opposed to traditional approaches that rely mostly on the
gestures’ physical appearance. By leveraging this framework, functionally
equivalent gestures can be identified and compared. In addition, a metric to
assess the quality of assimilation of physical instructions is computed from
gesture matchings, which acts as a proxy metric for task understanding based on
gestural analysis. The correlations between this proposed metric and three
other task understanding proxy metrics were obtained. Our framework was
evaluated through three user studies in which participants completed shared
tasks remotely: block assembly, origami, and ultrasound training. The results
indicate that the proposed metric acts as a good estimator for task
understanding. Moreover, this metric provides task understanding insights in
scenarios where other proxy metrics show inconsistencies. Thereby, the approach
presented in this research acts as a first step towards assessing task
understanding in physical collaborative scenarios through the analysis of
gestures.
Books on the topic "Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified"
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Understanding Tahrir Square: What transitions elsewhere can teach us about the prospects for Arab democracy. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press, 2014.
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Grand, Stephen R. Understanding Tahrir Square: What Transitions Elsewhere Can Teach Us about the Prospects for Arab Democracy. Brookings Institution Press, 2014.
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Grand, Stephen R. Understanding Tahrir Square: What Transitions Elsewhere Can Teach Us about the Propects for Arab Democracy. Brookings Institution Press, 2014.
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Grant, Jon E., and Marc N. Potenza. Overview of the Impulse Control Disorders Not Elsewhere Classified and Limitations of Knowledge. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0012.
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Several disorders have been classified together in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (4th ed.; DSM-IV) as impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified. These impulse control disorders have been grouped together based on perceived similarities in clinical presentation and hypothesized similarities in pathophysiologies. The question exists whether these disorders belong together or whether they should be categorized elsewhere. Examination of the family of impulse control disorders generates questions regarding the distinct nature of each disorder: whether each is unique or whether they represent variations of each other or other psychiatric disorders. Neurobiology may cut across disorders, and identifying important intermediary phenotypes will be important in understanding impulse control disorders and related entities. The distress of patients with impulse control disorders highlights the importance of examining these disorders. More comprehensive information has significant potential for advancing prevention and treatment strategies for those who suffer from disorders characterized by impaired impulse control.
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Babar, Zahra, ed. Arab Migrant Communities in the GCC. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608873.001.0001.
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This volume provides a series of empirically dense analyses of the historical and contemporary dynamics of Arab intra-regional migration to the monarchies of the Persian Gulf, and unravels the ways in which particular social and cultural practices of Arab migrants interact with the host states. Among other things, specific contributions allow us to consider the socioeconomic and political factors that have historically shaped the character of the Arab migratory experience, the sorts of work opportunities that Arab migrants have sought in the region, what their work conditions and lived experiences have been, and whether we are able to discern any patterns of sociocultural integration for Arab non-nationals. Together, the contributions in this volume help unpick assumptions about the Gulf’s exceptionalism insofar as the study of global migration is concerned. Broader dynamics that undergird the causes, processes, and consequences of migration elsewhere in the world are at work in the Gulf region. Vast economic disparities, chronic political instability, linguistic and cultural affinities, and a jealous guarding of finite economic and citizenship benefits inform push and pull factors and integration possibilities in the Gulf region as they do elsewhere in the world. Recent scholarship continues to enrich our understanding of the phenomenon of labor migration to the Gulf. This book takes that understanding one step further, shedding light on one specific, and up until now largely understudied, community of migrants in the region.
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Corbett, Debra, and Michael Yarborough. The Aleutian Tradition. Edited by Max Friesen and Owen Mason. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.31.
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Archaeological research in the last 35 years has greatly increased our understanding of the complexity and dynamism of prehistoric Aleutian cultures. The traditional view of a uniform and unchanging culture spanning 1,000 miles and 4,000 years has collapsed under this new research. This chapter brings together for the first time recent scholarship on archipelago-wide cultural change through time and across space. The role of cultural influences from elsewhere in Alaska is explored, demolishing the paradigm of cultural isolation. This was instead a population of highly specialized maritime hunter-gatherers who undertook voyages of trade and warfare, sometimes covering distances of hundreds of kilometers, as well as inland movements to discover abundant resources.
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Day, Gary. Bunyan: Class and Englishness. Edited by Michael Davies and W. R. Owens. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199581306.013.42.
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This chapter examines class and Englishness in Bunyan. It argues that interest in Bunyan and class is most evident at times of turmoil in British society, such as the 1930s, and that Bunyan’s Englishness is often linked to a sense of place, his literary achievement, and his Christianity. However, wider cultural changes mean that class and Englishness in Bunyan need to be re-examined. The Pilgrim’s Progress (1678; 1684) is shown to anticipate aspects of modern tourism and it is compared to Julian Barnes’s novel England, England (1998). The final part of this chapter, which focuses on The Life and Death of Mr. Badman (1680), looks at how an understanding of the exchange relation, as defined by Karl Marx, helps us to see the relationship between class and Englishness in the writings of Bunyan and elsewhere.
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Kleege, Georgina. Touch Tourism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190604356.003.0005.
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The chapter begins with an account of a touch tour at New York’s Museum of Modern Art and goes on to describe similar programs elsewhere. These programs vary widely in terms of their understanding and expectations of blind perception. I will also discuss sites that require visitors to interact with architecture or landscape nonvisually. The “Cathedrals through Touch and Sound” program in England promotes recognition that appreciating architecture engages senses beyond sight. Similarly, a topiary reproduction of Georges Seurat’s “Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte,” though not designed for blind visitors, gives a tactile and kinaesthetic understanding of the painting’s perspective and composition. Ultimately, the chapter calls on museum educators to find ways to collect the observations of blind visitors. Since everyone does not have the opportunity to touch the art, it makes sense to capture the insights of those who do in the interest of enlarging cultural knowledge.
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Wertsch, James V. How Nations Remember. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197551462.001.0001.
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How Nations Remember draws on multiple disciplines in the humanities and social sciences to examine how a nation’s account of the past shapes its actions in the present. National memory can underwrite noble aspirations, but the volume focuses largely on how it contributes to the negative tendencies of nationalism that give rise to confrontation. Narratives are taken as units of analysis for examining the psychological and cultural dimensions of remembering particular events and also for understanding the schematic codes and mental habits that underlie national memory more generally. In this account, narratives are approached as tools that shape the views of members of national communities to such an extent that they serve as co-authors of what people say and think. Drawing on illustrations from Russia, China, Georgia, the United States, and elsewhere, the book examines how “narrative templates,” “narrative dialogism,” and “privileged event narratives” shape nations’ views of themselves and their relations with others. The volume concludes with a list of ways to manage the disputes that pit one national community against another.
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Bowman, Alan, and Charles Crowther, eds. The Epigraphy of Ptolemaic Egypt. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858225.001.0001.
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The book contains twelve chapters, by various authors, discussing aspects of the Greek and Egyptian bilingual and trilingual inscriptions from Egypt during the Ptolemaic period, from the conquest by Alexander the Great (332 BC) to the death of Kleopatra VII (30 BC). It is intended as a complement to the publication of the full texts, with up-to-date commentaries and images, of about 650 inscriptions on stone. These include major decrees of priestly colleges, such as the Rosetta Stone, and a great variety of religious and secular monuments from the whole of Egypt, from Alexandria to Philae. The subjects covered include the latest technologies for digital imaging of stone inscriptions, the character of Egyptian monuments with Greek text, the survival and collection of bilingual monuments in the nineteenth century through excavation and the antiquities trade, religious dedications from Alexandria and elsewhere, the civic government of Greek foundations and public associations, the role of the military in public epigraphy, verse epigrams, onomastics, and palaeography. Overall, the collection offers a comprehensive review of the social, religious, and cultural context of the great inscribed monuments of the Ptolemaic dynasty which are key sources for understanding the coexistence of two different cultures and the impact of Ptolemaic rule and Greek immigration in Egypt.
Book chapters on the topic "Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified"
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Vecchi, Alessandra, and Louis Brennan. "Quality Management." In Cross-Cultural Interaction, 1547–70. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4979-8.ch088.
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The purpose of this chapter is to address the extent to which quality management is “culture-specific.” The chapter presents the results of a survey administered across 21 countries that seeks to examine quality priorities and practices by adopting the Global Leadership and Organizational Behaviour Effectiveness (GLOBE) framework (House et al., 2004). Drawing on previous research (Vecchi & Brennan, 2011), data was collected in 2009 as part of the fifth iteration of the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (IMSS). The methodology involved the use of a self-administered questionnaire to director/head of operations/manufacturing in best practice firms within the sector of firms classified by ISIC codes (rev.3.1) Divisions 28-35. From this study, it emerges that adopting the GLOBE framework provides an invaluable insight into understanding quality management across countries. While some previous research portrays quality management as a comprehensive management paradigm with elements and relationships that transcend cultural and national boundaries, the current study provides evidence that the adoption of certain quality practices across different countries can follow distinctive patterns.
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Mahtar, Dzulfikar, and Norbayah Mohd Suki. "Understanding Cultural Hybridization and Globalization Through the Benefits and Risks on Economic Growth." In Leveraging Consumer Behavior and Psychology in the Digital Economy, 172–79. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3042-9.ch010.
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The purpose of this writing is to critically examine various issues and understand the main talking point in globalization, which is the impact it brings to the economic growth and the benefits and risks associated with it. In a fast-paced world, where information and communication is power, globalization in a nutshell is a worldwide agenda that is primarily targeted to bring the best out of each and every member of the economic cycle. Globalization in the world's business is undeniably known as a catalyst that paved the way for aspiring entrepreneurs and business entities to acquire new wealth elsewhere by venturing into a new territory. The development of an ascending trend of integrated and holistic global economy has made globalization a worldwide agenda that implies the opening of a border for foreign business to come in and vice versa.
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Vecchi, Alessandra, and Louis Brennan. "Quality Management." In Cultural and Technological Influences on Global Business, 469–93. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3966-9.ch025.
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The purpose of this chapter is to address the extent to which quality management is “culture-specific.” The chapter presents the results of a survey administered across 21 countries that seeks to examine quality priorities and practices by adopting the Global Leadership and Organizational Behaviour Effectiveness (GLOBE) framework (House et al., 2004). Drawing on previous research (Vecchi & Brennan, 2011), data was collected in 2009 as part of the fifth iteration of the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (IMSS). The methodology involved the use of a self-administered questionnaire to director/head of operations/manufacturing in best practice firms within the sector of firms classified by ISIC codes (rev.3.1) Divisions 28-35. From this study, it emerges that adopting the GLOBE framework provides an invaluable insight into understanding quality management across countries. While some previous research portrays quality management as a comprehensive management paradigm with elements and relationships that transcend cultural and national boundaries, the current study provides evidence that the adoption of certain quality practices across different countries can follow distinctive patterns.
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Barr, Owen, and Bob Gates. "Working with families." In Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing, 27–56. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198782872.003.0002.
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The majority of people with intellectual disabilities live with family members, and those people who live elsewhere usually very much value contact with family members. Therefore, nurses who work with people with intellectual disabilities need to have a clear understanding of families and collaborative working. This chapter explores the definition of families, the impact that having a person with intellectual disabilities as a family member may have, and how this can change the life cycle of a family as families adapt to their changing circumstances. It also explores collaborative working with family members, parents with intellectual disabilities, parents of people with intellectual disabilities and siblings, as well as looking at family quality of life and social, cultural, and spiritual factors that may need to be considered.
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Bazzana, Giovanni B. "Introduction." In Having the Spirit of Christ, 1–23. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300245622.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter rereads some well-known texts in light of a more sophisticated notion of possession. This would emphasize the cultural and religious productivity inscribed in it as well as the significance of its performative nature. A fundamental aid in achieving such a goal may emerge from a sustained dialogue with contemporary ethnographies of “spirit possession.” Indeed, anthropological writing on this subject matter has succeeded in overcoming many biases thanks to direct interaction with possessed individuals and observation of their rituals. To speak of “cultural productivity” with respect to possession does not mean to overlook the painful nature of this experience or to hide the fact that possession can become an instrument employed in order to oppress and abuse subordinate and marginal individuals both in the so-called First World and elsewhere. However, a less reductionistic understanding of the phenomena will not only produce a more adequate historical account. It will also help provide solutions for real and current problems, solutions that would not be hindered by orientalism or sensationalism and are better attuned to specific cultural and personal conditions.
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Beddoe, Liz. "Transnational social workers in Aotearoa New Zealand." In Transnational Social Work. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447333364.003.0007.
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While much has been written about social worker migration to the northern hemisphere, prior to the current decade little was known about the experiences of social workers, with professional qualifications gained elsewhere, who were practising in Aotearoa New Zealand. The cultural context of Aotearoa New Zealand brings particular challenges to transnational social workers, and their professional perspectives were little understood. Both qualitative and quantitative strategies were used in a three-phase project to gain greater insight. The findings provided understanding into the nature of the transitional experience for migrant professionals and new vantage points on views of social work as practised in different contexts. We identify perceptions reflecting ‘enduring professional dislocation’ arising from limits to the portability of any ‘universal’ constructs of social work and demonstrating the need for structured support and education for transnational social workers.
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Amzat, Jimoh, Oliver Razum, and Aisha A. Adaranijo. "African Sociology of Health and Well-Being." In The Oxford Handbook of Sociology of Africa, C13.S1—C13.S12. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197608494.013.13.
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Abstract This chapter takes a critical and macro stance showing the sociological interrogation of health and well-being in Africa, focusing on the social context of health and disease, including social life, institutions, and human health behaviors. Sociological discourse about health in Africa is no different from that in the rest of the world, as the exploration of macro and micro social processes influences social etiology, social response to illness, and access to healthcare. The chapter explores the social situation in Africa, including economic and gendered circumstances, increasing population, cultural and traditional practices, limited access to modern medicine, traditional medicine use, social constructions of health, and the influence of globalization. The chapter emphasizes that understanding health and well-being requires a sociological lens that can unravel the fundamental causes of the health situation in Africa and elsewhere.
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Lan, Yi-chen. "An Investigation of GISM Issues for Successful Management of the Globalization Process." In Managing Globally with Information Technology, 82–103. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-93177-742-1.ch007.
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This chapter investigates issues related to the global transition of an enterprise through the application of information technology and information systems. It starts with the discussion of the issues that are critical to the successful transition of an enterprise to transborder business operations using information systems. The expected outcome of such transition would be a globalized organization that would not be limited by geographical and time zone barriers, nor restricted by cultural differences. The global transition issues are further classified into five categories embracing business information systems management, information technology management, people management, end user management, and culture. It is then followed by a comprehensive examination of individual issues that is vital in understanding their impact on the transition and how to alleviate that impact. The chapter concludes by indicating a future research direction that might augment the development of this emerging field.
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Lan, Yi-chen. "An Investigation of GISM Issues for Successful Management of the Globalization Process." In Global Information Technologies, 2618–32. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-939-7.ch189.
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This chapter investigates issues related to the global transition of an enterprise through the application of information technology and information systems. It starts with the discussion of the issues that are critical to the successful transition of an enterprise to transborder business operations using information systems. The expected outcome of such transition would be a globalized organization that would not be limited by geographical and time zone barriers, nor restricted by cultural differences. The global transition issues are further classified into five categories embracing business information systems management, information technology management, people management, end user management, and culture. It is then followed by a comprehensive examination of individual issues that is vital in understanding their impact on the transition and how to alleviate that impact. The chapter concludes by indicating a future research direction that might augment the development of this emerging field.
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Aggarwal, Neil Krishan. "In defence of Islam: How the Islamic State justifies violence." In Terrorism, Violent Radicalisation, and Mental Health, edited by Kamaldeep Bhui and Dinesh Bhugra, 13–24. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198845706.003.0002.
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This chapter applies a framework for analysing the psychology of persuasion to an Islamic State (IS) video on the fall of its last village. Militant groups such as IS have established media campaigns, but little work to date has examined how such media incites people. Understanding cultural justifications of violence helps psychiatrists to determine whether an individual’s violent behaviours represent abnormal behaviours within a social group and can be classified as those that require social, health, or criminal justice intervention. The mechanisms of psychological persuasion in IS’s Arabic video ‘Meanings of Constancy—Wilāyat Al-Shām, Al-Barakah’ include invoking authority by citing the Quran, drawing contrasts between Muslim believers and non-Muslim disbelievers, casting militants as likeable, and presenting audiovisual footage of IS’s enforcement of morality, the military blockade of its last village, and the suffering of children. This framework facilitates comparisons across militant groups and how mechanisms of persuasion evolve within the same group to generate policy-relevant scholarship.
Conference papers on the topic "Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified"
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Canbakal Ataoğlu, Nihan, Habibe Acar, and Aysel Yavuz. "Museum’s Open Space." In 3rd International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 6-8 May 2020. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/n382020iccaua3163635.
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Museums are institutions that carry on the cultural and artistic treasures of societies to future generations. Economic social, cultural and philosophical thoughts in the world have changed the understanding of museology. At the beginning of the 20th century, modern architects brought new expansions to classical museum typology. In the 1970s, museums began to draw attention as the city's landmark and meeting points. Along with the museums, courtyards, squares and gardens, which are open spaces of museums, have also changed. By joining the city life, they became new social attraction centers. Museums and museum open space from Turkey and the world in the study areas, classified under the headings of traditional and contemporary, will be analyzed under the headings of form, style, material, elements of boundry, planting design, activities area, urban furniture, and function. In order to demonstrate the changing today’s museum’s open space; an analysis will be made using spatial experiences, observations, syntactic analysis technique. Study’s contribution to the literature will be determined by the design approaches of contemporary and traditional museum open spaces. As part of the museum identity and character, it will be pointed out that the open spaces of the museum are as important as the design of the museum buildings.
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Trocchianesi, Raffaella, Daniele Duranti, and Davide Spallazzo. "Tangible interaction in museums and temporary exhibitions: embedding and embodying the intangible values of cultural heritage." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3322.
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Moving from a design perspective, the paper explores the potential of tangible interaction in giving shape to intangible contents in museums and temporary exhibitions. Going beyond tangibility intended in the strict sense of touching assets (Dudley 2010), we use here a wider interpretation of tangibility that considers touch in the sense of embodied experience. In this way we consider as tangible all those experiences that foster a strong involvement of the body. Tangible interaction is interpreted as a practice able to multiply the levels of the narrative, to make the visit experience memorable and to give physicality to intangible values. This approach sees the use of tangible interaction as a way to transfer practices and rituals linked to the contents and representative of the intangible values embedded in the assets. Therefore we can identify “gesture-through” and “object-through” interactions able to enhance the visitor experience and the understanding of cultural heritage. The rituals of gestures is linked to the concept of museum proxemics (author 2013) that involves both sensuousness and movements in space. If proxemics is the discipline which deals with investigating the relationship between individuals and space, and the significance of gestures and distances among people, then museum proxemics relates to the forms of behaviour which govern the relationship between individuals and museum space, between the visitor and the items on display and among visitors. In the paper we outline existing practices by analysing some case studies representative of the potential of tangible interaction in the cultural heritage field and classified according to the categories in the following: - Smart replicas: visitors interact with a technology-enhanced replica of the artworks to feel sensorial aspects and activate further levels of narrative; - Symbolic objects: visitors interact with objects, icons or elements imbued with symbolic meaning as a vehicle to reach the intangible value of the cultural asset; - Touchable screens: visitors interact with a surface mediating their relationship with contents and allowing for a personalised path within them; - Perfoming gestures: visitors perform meaningful gestures in order to trigger specific effects able to stage the narrative of intangible contents. In conclusion we highlight three actions in the cultural experience driven by tangible interaction and matter of design: (i) interacting with a sensitive object able to trigger intangible values; (ii) revealing contents difficult to transmit; (iii) multiplying the levels of knowledge and narrative.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3322
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Khan, Abida, and Mark Major. "From residential village to heritage marketplace: evaluation morphological transformation and their use consequences over time in the historic settlement of Al-Wakran, Qatar." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/brdx7943.
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Many people consider Al Wakrah to be a distinctive settlement for cultural heritage in the State of Qatar. Based on archaeological evidence, the area of Al Wakrah was perhaps the first urban center of Qatar. Originally a fishing and pearling village like the capital city of Doha, globalization and rapid urbanization also characterized the development of Al Wakrah over the last halfcentury, leading to a remarkable transformation in the morphology of the settlement. The paper studies this morphological transformation of Al Wakrah and the consequences for socioeconomic and functional use. In doing so, the paper offers some clarity about the identity and dynamics of Al Wakrah as a traditional heritage district today; specifically, Souq Al Wakrah. We explore this within the context of traditional marketplaces in general, and souqs in the Arab States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region in particular. The study explores the symbiotic relationship between urban morphology, land use, and function in settlement form. The purpose is to develop a deeper understanding of urban changes and expansion on the use and experience of Souq Wakrah as a public place today. Researchers apply several representational techniques standard in morphological studies, including analysis of urban spatial networks using space syntax. The findings of the paper indicate the design and planning nature of Souq Wakrah as a contemporary heritage re-creation. It contrasts with more straightforward examples of historic preservation and restoration in other traditional marketplaces of Qatar itself and elsewhere in the world. This situation arose due to the nearcomplete demolition of most historic structures in Al Wakrah during the recent past, except for a few isolated examples. However, a few important ‘traces’ of Al Wakrah’s morphological history remain consistent over time, despite the dramatic transformations in the rest of the settlement over time. The paper concludes by discussing the potential implications for design and planning policy in the protection and preservation of historic resources in the State of Qatar. It argues for the critical importance of developing a clear understanding of the relationship between form, function, and the urban context of such places in future preservation projects.
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Alpert, Erika. "Men and Monsters: Hunting for Love Online in Japan." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.1-2.
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This paper presents the results of initial fieldwork on Online dating (netto-jô konkatsu, koikatsu) and other types of internet-based partner matching options in Japan, focusing on the possibilities for textual and interactional self-representation on different sites and apps available to single Japanese. This includes widespread international apps like Tinder and Grindr, along with local apps like 9 Monsters, a popular gay app that also incorporates light gaming functions, or Zexy En-Musubi, a revolutionarily egalitarian site aimed at heterosexual singles specifically seeking marriage. I approach this question by looking at the different technological affordances for profile creation using these services, and the ways users engage with those affordances to create profiles and to search for partners, based on examinations of websites, apps, and public profiles; interviews with website producers; and ethnographic interviews with past and current users of Online dating services. I primarily argue that self-presentation in Japanese Online dating hinges on the use of polite speech forms towards unknown readers, which have the power to flatten out gendered speech differences that are characteristic of language ideologies in Japan (Nakamura 2007). However, dominant cultural ideas about gender, sexuality, and marriage—such as patriarchal marriage structures—may still be “baked into” the structure of apps (Dalton and Dales 2016). Studying Online dating in Japan is critical because of its growing social acceptance. While in 2008 the only “respectable” site was a Japanese version of Match.com, in 2018 there are numerous sites and apps created by local companies for local sensibilities. Where Online dating was already established, in the West, there was little sociological study of it while it was becoming popular, in part because research on the internet also lacked respectability. By looking at Japan, where acceptance is growing but Online dating has not yet been normalized, we can gain a deeper understanding of its gender, sexuality, romance, and marriage practices. Japan’s experiences can also potentially provide a model for understanding how Online dating practices might develop elsewhere. In the US, Online dating faced many of the stigmas that it continues to face in Japan—such as that it was “sleazy,” “sketchy,” or desperate. In spite of these stigmas, however, Online dating grew slowly until it suddenly exploded (Orr 2004). Will it explode in Japan? By looking at how people use these sites, this paper also hopes to shed light on the uptake of Online partner matching practices.
Reports on the topic "Cultural Understanding not elsewhere classified"
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Arora, Saurabh, Arora, Saurabh, Ajit Menon, M. Vijayabaskar, Divya Sharma, and V. Gajendran. People’s Relational Agency in Confronting Exclusion in Rural South India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2021.004.
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Social exclusion is considered critical for understanding poverty, livelihoods, inequality and political participation in rural India. Studies show how exclusion is produced through relations of power associated with gender, caste, religion and ethnicity. Studies also document how people confront their exclusion. We use insights from these studies – alongside science and technology studies – and rely on life history narratives of ‘excluded’ people from rural Tamil Nadu, to develop a new approach to agency as constituted by two contrasting ways of relating: control and care. These ways of relating are at once social and material. They entangle humans with each other and with material worlds of nature and technology, while being mediated by structures such as social norms and cultural values. Relations of control play a central role in constituting exclusionary forms of agency. In contrast, relations of care are central to the agency of resistance against exclusion and of livelihood-building by the ‘excluded’. Relations can be transformed through agency in uncertain ways that are highly sensitive to trans-local contexts. We offer examples of policy-relevant questions that our approach can help to address for apprehending social exclusion in rural India and elsewhere.