Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cultural relations – History – Exhibitions'
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Pane, Caroline. "Francia Italia in mostra : les expositions comme observatoires des relations franco-italiennes dans la construction d’une diplomatie culturelle européenne après la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3092/document.
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S’inscrivant dans le courant historiographique de l’histoire culturelle des relations internationales, cette thèse interroge le rôle des échanges artistiques dans les relations diplomatiques franco-italiennes, du lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale à la construction européenne. L’analyse des expositions réalisées par les services culturels des Affaires étrangères français et italien, respectivement en Italie et en France, met en évidence les rapports de force et les clés du rapprochement franco-italien après 1945. La reconstruction des identités nationales, leurs représentations et leurs circulations de part et d’autre des Alpes, sont ici interrogées au regard de l’élaboration d’une nouvelle forme de diplomatie culturelle dans l’Europe de la Guerre froide. Nous nous attachons, d’abord, à reconstruire l’héritage des politiques culturelles de l’entre-deux-guerres ainsi que la transformation des institutions, et des discours, de l’avant à l’après-guerre. Puis nous détaillons les expositions « militantes », objets de tensions et de forts enjeux géopolitiques sur la scène internationale de 1944 à 1948. Enfin, nous analysons pendant les années 1950 l’émergence de modèles récurrents et des typologies d’expositions qui répondent au besoin d’équilibre diplomatique poursuivi par les gouvernements français et italien dans la formation de l’Europe culturelle après 1945As part of the current historiography of the cultural studies of international relationships, this thesis questions the role of artistic exchanges in Franco-Italian diplomatic relations, from the aftermath of World War II to the beginnings of European construction. The analysis of exhibitions held by the Cultural Services of the French and Italian Ministries of Foreign Affairs, respectively in Italy and France, highlights the balance of power and the keys to the Franco-Italian reconciliation after 1945. The reconstruction of national identities, their representations and their circulations in both sides of the Alps are questioned in the particular context of the Cold War leading to the rise of a new form of European cultural diplomacy. We focus, firstly, on the modalities of institutional and ideological transition before and after World War II, introducing elements of interruptions and continuities. We then analyze the "militant" exhibitions, main focus of tensions and strong geopolitical issues in the international stage. Finally, we show the emergence of recurring patterns and exhibition typologies which address the need for diplomatic balance pursued by the French and Italian governments in the formation of cultural Europe after 1945
Questa tesi si inserisce nel quadro storiografico della Storia culturale delle relazioni internazionali e interroga piùspecificatamente il ruolo degli scambi artistici nelle relazioni diplomatiche italo-francesi, dalla fine della Seconda Guerramondiale agli esordi della costruzione europea. L’analisi delle mostre realizzate dai servizi culturali dei ministeri degli AffariEsteri francese e italiano, rispettivamente in Italia e in Francia, mette in evidenza i giochi di potere e le chiavi dellariconciliazione italo-francese dopo il 1945. La ricostruzione delle identità nazionali, le loro rappresentazioni e le circolazionida una parte all’altra delle Alpi sono qui interrogate in funzione dell’elaborazione di una nuova forma di diplomazia culturalenell’Europa della Guerra fredda. Ci siamo prima impegnati a ricostruire la transizione istituzionale e ideologica dal periodofra le due guerre all’indomani del 1945, mostrandone i punti di rottura e di continuità. Poi, abbiamo esaminato le mostre“militanti”, oggetti di tensioni dai forti accenti geopolitici nello scenario internazionale dal 1944 al 1948. Infine, abbiamoanalizzato il sorgere di modelli ripetitivi e delle tipologie di mostre che rispondono al bisogno di equilibrio diplomaticoperseguito dai governi francese e italiano nell’ambito della formazione di un’Europa culturale dopo il 1945
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Samuelsson, Anna. "I naturens teater : Kultur- och miljösociologiska analyser av naturhistoriska utställningar och filmer." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9336.
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This thesis is a study of constructions of reality in visual and textual representations in current exhibitions in the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm with comparisons to the Natural History Museum in Gothenburg and minor excursions to other museums. The study also includes seven giant screen films in Cosmonova: an IMAX theatre which is part of the Swedish Museum of Natural History. The study consists of three parts: I. Historical and theoretical contextualisation: The emergence of museums is understood as an aspect of modernity and nature, and analytical concepts from semiotics, deconstruction and discourse analysis are presented and discussed. This part also includes a discussion of anthropomorphism and andropocentric stereotyping and a study of the emergence of the environmental question in society, science, museums and in the disciplines of sociology and cultural studies. II. Empirical analysis: Starting with questions what stories modern exhibitions in museums of natural history tell and how animals, bodies, humans and the environment are represented in the exhibitions and films I discuss different aspects of the dualism of nature and culture in relation to other dualisms such as animal/human, nature/society and ecology/economy. The dualism nature/culture that is expressed in exclusions of conventional signs for human culture is problematic from an environmental perspective. I pose the question of whether or not the marginalized phenomenon of the cabinet of curiosity that combine both “naturalia” and “artificialia” and displays phenomena classified as abnormal, can provide a key to narratives about co-evolution, environmental issues and variations in morphology and behaviour. III. Discussion: The potential for transcending the dualism of nature and culture, both theoretically-and practically-speaking, and particularly in relation to the environmental question, is discussed, as is the possibility that museums can be(come) reflexive sub-political arenas for dialogues between politics, science and people.
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Sutherland, Ann. "Art exhibitions in the national interest: Australian cultural diplomacy, 1918 to 1941." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29656.
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Australia’s relationship with the rest of the world was particularly complex in the two decades of acute economic, political, and social crises between World War One and Two. This thesis argues that Australia employed visual arts exhibitions in the national interest within its foreign policy stance to amplify and recruit allies for its response to this complexity and that it did so to both international and domestic audiences. Six visual arts exhibitions between 1918 and 1941 have been selected to illustrate this transactional Australian cultural diplomacy within the decline of the European empires, the establishment of the League of Nations in 1920 and the rise of American power after 1930. The thesis opens with the nation a member of the British War Office in 1918 and ends with Australia a member of the Pacific War Council which formed in Washington DC in 1942.
While post-WWII initiatives in cultural diplomacy have been studied, their antecedents have been rarely noted in either the literature on Australian diplomacy, or within the history of Australian art and its exhibition. This thesis seeks to address this oversight, necessarily doing so from a broad multidisciplinary perspective. The profiled exhibitions are detailed as to their origins and content within their historical backdrop, the politics and the people involved. The thesis argues that visual arts exhibitions established a distinguishing aspect of national projection in the interwar period, one which remains embedded in policy and the public cultural programs of government and the national, state, and regional art galleries.
I draw three principal findings from the presented research. The exhibitions discussed enrich our knowledge of the various ways the nation managed its strategic interests as an internationally aligned nation after 1918. Secondly, it addresses a gap which will continue while the many public actors captured by cultural diplomacy - the participants, their objectives and location, institutional arrangements, and foreign and strategic policy – are investigated in isolation from each other. Finally, my hope is that this thesis will make an original contribution to an understanding of the role of exhibitions within the modernisation and the cosmopolitanising of the nation, including the important contribution of artists and arts institutions, business, and public administrators to those exhibitions in the inter-war period.
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Floe, Hilary Tyndall. "The Museum of Modern Art, Oxford (1965-1982) : exhibitions, spectatorship and social change." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8ecada55-921a-4e6f-a279-92fd2313d459.
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This thesis examines the first seventeen years of the history of the Museum of Modern Art Oxford (MOMA), from its founding in 1965 until c. 1982. It is concerned with the changing relationships between the museum and its audience, focusing on those aspects of the museum's programming that shed light on its role as a public mediator of recent art. This provides a means to consider the underlying values and commitments that informed MOMA's emergence as a leading contemporary art institution. Chapter one examines the museum's relationship to utopian countercultures through the metaphor of the museum as 'garden'; chapter two considers the erstwhile 'permanent' collection and its connection to corporate patronage; chapter three investigates the parallel forces of institutional critique and institutionalization; and chapter four addresses didactic strains in the museum's representation of an emergent multiculturalism. Although dedicated to the history of a single regional gallery, the thematic structure of the thesis provides entry points into historical and theoretical issues of broader relevance. It is based on primary research in the previously neglected archive of what is now known as Modern Art Oxford, supplemented by interviews with artists and former staff members, and by close attention to British art periodicals and exhibition catalogues of the period. It is also informed by critical writings on museums and displays, and by artistic, social and museological histories, allowing the museum's activities to be situated within the cultural politics of these turbulent decades. The thesis suggests that institutional identity - as exemplified by the history of MOMA from 1965-1982 - is porous and discontinuous: the development of the museum over this period is animated by multiple and often contradictory ideals, continuously shaped by pragmatic considerations, and subject to a rich variety of subjective responses.
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Heinonen, Alayna. "CONTESTED SPACES IN LONDON: EXHIBITIONARY REPRESENTATIONS OF INDIA, c. 1886-1951." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/1.
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Following the first world exhibition, the 1851 Crystal Palace Exhibition in London, exhibitions became routine events across the West that merged both education and entertainment to forward political and economic goals. For the most part scholars have taken the frequency, popularity, and propagandistic efforts of exhibitions at face value, viewing them as successful reassertions of the imperial, industrial, and technological superiority of Western nation-states. Though offering valuable insights into the cultural technologies of imperial rule, these works miss the complexities of imperial projects within specific temporal and geographical contexts.
This manuscript traces the historical dynamics of India at exhibitions held in London during and after imperial rule: the 1886 Colonial and Indian Exhibition, the 1908 Franco-British Exhibition, the 1924-25 British Empire Exhibition, and the 1951 Festival of Britain. In historicizing the exhibitionary administration and display of India over time, this study argues for a more complex reading of exhibitions in which displays invoked a mélange of meanings that destabilized as well as projected imperial hierarchies. It also examines the ways in which Indians administered, evaluated, and contested imperial displays. Rather than seamlessly reinforcing imperial dominance, exhibitions, located within specific historical contexts, emerged as contested, multifaceted, and even ambiguous portrayals of empires.
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Wilburn, Alayna. "IMPERIAL KNOWLEDGE AND CULTURAL DISPLAY: REPRESENTATIONS OF COLONIAL INDIA IN LATE-NINETEENTH AND EARLY-TWENTIETH CENTURY LONDON." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/957.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Kentucky, 2008.Title from document title page (viewed on December 11, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: vi, 104 p. : ill., maps. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-103).
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Richardson, Glenn John. "Anglo-French political and cultural relations during the reign of Henry VIII." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309232.
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Fazlioglu, Akin Zulal. "Cultural Policy in Turkey – European Union Relations." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502860978590657.
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McKevitt, Andrew C. "Consuming Japan: Cultural Relations and the Globalizing of America, 1973-1993." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/37645.
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HistoryPh.D.
This dissertation explores the U.S. encounter with Japanese goods in the 1970s and 1980s. It argues that this encounter transformed social and cultural life in the United States by ideologically and materially introducing Americans to their first intense, sustained engagement with the processes of contemporary globalization. The dissertation proceeds thematically, first outlining the ideological transformation of American life. While some groups in the United States interpreted Japan's ascendency to economic supremacy as a threat to U.S. national power, others imagined Japan as the harbinger of of globalized future of economic prosperity and cultural homogeneity. Popular cultural representations of Japan reflected such understandings but also addressed the postmodern nature of the Japanese future, framing it as a borderless future in which Japanese corporations limited American political and economic freedoms. The second half of the dissertation examines the material globalizing of America--the U.S. consumption of Japanese goods like automobiles, VCRs, and Japanese animation (anime). The author argues that the popular image of the U.S.-Japan trade conflict during the 1980s obscures the nuances in the relationship that developed at the local level, where Americans consumed goods that transformed their lives, introducing them to new ways of thinking about the world and interacting with other societies engaged in global economic and cultural exchange.
Temple University--Theses
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Chun, Cai. "The foreign relations of the CPC/PRC in Chinese cultural and historical perspective." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310372.
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Aoun, Stephen R. "Breakdown of Relations: American Expansionism, the Great Plains, and the Arikara People, 1823-1957." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5836.
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Arikara people had been adapting their tribal structures to European influences since Europeans first arrived on the northern Plains in the early seventeenth century. Their sedentary lifestyle, focused on agriculture and hunting, increasingly included trade with French, British, and American trappers by the seventeenth century. The goods procured from European traders, such as firearms and other metallurgical works, began to upset the balance of geopolitical power on the Plains, setting the stage for the violence and political realignments at the center of this thesis. As my research reveals, by the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition, tensions between the frontiersmen and the Indigenous people across the northern Plains reached new heights. As Arikara oral histories, United States diplomatic records, ethnological sources – such as travel writings – and correspondence from frontier settlers and soldiers reveal, the Arikara tribe struggled to innovate and reshape their societies in the face of colonial expansionism and hostilities with other Indigenous polities.
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Bartram, Faye. "35mm bridges: cultural relations and film exchange between France and the Soviet Union, 1945 to 1972." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5413.
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In the divided atmosphere of the Cold War, East and West competed for the world’s hearts and minds through military standoffs and proxy wars, but more extensively through popular culture. While Cold War tensions generally separated East from West, the USSR maintained unusually friendly ties with France. I seek to understand how France and the Soviet Union reached détente in 1964, a full eight years before the US and other western nations. My research in public and private archives in France and Russia, of the French and Soviet press, and from interviews with key cinema figures reveals a solid base of cultural diplomatic relations that existed before 1964. Cinema in particular proved a useful tool for the French state to rebuild postwar relations with the Soviet Union. The Cannes International Film Festival and another cinema event called the Semaines du cinema led to an influx of film exchange that triggered the formation of a bilateral body in 1957, whose sole purpose was to negotiate cultural trade and exchange, called the Franco-Soviet Permanent Mixed Commission. These festivals and the Commission provided a bilateral framework upon which to build amicable political and diplomatic relationships, which helped ease tensions between France and the USSR and ultimately expedited détente in 1964.
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Edwards-Ingram, Ywone. "Master-Slave Relations: A Williamsburg Perspective." W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625579.
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Brundage, Mathew Thomas. "“Where We Would Extend the Moral Power of Our Civilization”: American Cultural and Political Foreign Relations with China, 1843-1856." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1448395090.
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Jezowska, Katarzyna. "Imagined Poland : representations of the nation state at the exhibitions of industry, craft and design, 1948-1974." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dc0bb054-9597-4ad5-a50f-1de899994ea6.
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This thesis examines the use of design in the construction of Poland's national identity at the international exhibitions in the Cold War period. It is the first comprehensive study of Polish design discourse in any language that rests at the crossroads of design studies and cultural history. Based on original archival material, both written and visual, and oral interviews this thesis tracks the process of construction of Imagined Poland alongside the development of the design discipline during the three post-war decades. It charts the trajectory of these two narratives and examines their critical reception. In doing so this research casts new light on the relationship between design and political history in the Cold War Europe. However, it is not a thesis about designed objects or spaces per se, but rather about their discursive qualities and the way that they were put in work to narrate the nation. Versatile and embedded in the cultural, economic and social contexts, design understand here in its broadest sense proved to be well suited to this role: it allowed political authorities, trade representatives and creative intelligentsia to address timely issues on their agendas. This thesis closely examines eight exhibitions organised in the Soviet Union, Italy, Belgium and Poland. The narratives of these events, as the thesis argues, reflected the state's changing self-understanding towards international public opinion. It indicates that although Polish exhibitions were occasionally adjusted to the particular location, their themes were largely shaped in response to the political developments at home and in the Eastern Europe. By using exhibitions as a framework, this thesis offers a new perspective to study Polish international modernism and suggests a limited impact of ideology on the development of professional networks. Subsequently it provides a nuanced reading of Poland's relationship with the Soviet Union, the Eastern Bloc and the rest of Europe beyond reductive paradigm of totalitarianism.
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Last, Joseph Henry. "The Power of the Privy: Mediating Social Relations on a 19th Century British Military Site." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626033.
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Sollie, Siri Therese. "Remembrance of the Ottoman Heritage in Serbia : A Field Study at the Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för rysslandsstudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-269116.
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The thesis discusses the remembrance of the Ottoman heritage and presentation of Ottoman culture at the Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade. The study emphasizes the role and importance of memory and historical interpretation in the contemporary museum practice at the museum. The historical memories of a collection of 6 curators will be discussed and represented in order to examine the influence these recollections have on the exhibition of culture in the museum. The thesis gives the reader a further understanding of the mechanisms behind the continuous neglect and lack of appreciation of the Ottoman heritage in the Serbian society. In line with the current research within memory studies, this study focus on a museum as a site of memory, or a "lieux de mémoire" in Pierre Nora's term. The author concludes that there is a lack of awareness and emphasis in the museum on the Ottoman heritage. She also argues that the museum as a site of memory does little to provide for an arena where memories of different cultures and identities are channeled and presented in the society. Further studies should also emphasize museum presentations in other Southeast European countries in order to discuss the ways in which folk culture, cultural history and memory are presented to the public.Master program in International studies - specialization Eurasian studies
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Weuffen, Sara. "Your stories, my stories, our stories : Power/knowledge relations and Koorie perspectives in discourses of Australian History Education." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2017. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/160409.
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Over the past decade, popularised notions and approaches to the teaching and learning of Australia’s history have been overwhelmingly researched and written by non-Indigenous academics. This research challenges dominant non-Indigenous curriculum and research agendas by exploring how, why, and to what degree Koorie, and by extension Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perspectives, are taken up for the development and implementation of school-based curriculum aligned to the Year Nine Australian Curriculum: History. The research is guided by Michel Foucault’s poststructural theory to examine a range of discourses identified by year nine history teachers and three Koorie Elders in Ballarat and Greater Shepparton. It is supplemented through Martin Nakata’s ground breaking work on Indigenous Standpoint Theory to acknowledge and highlight the cross-cultural/racial power/knowledge relations of peoples who are involved in the research. It is a timely response to the 2013 mandatory implementation of the Australian Curriculum: History in Victorian state schools. The research builds upon academic research (see Clark, 2006; Harrison & Greenfield, 2011; Mackinlay & Barney, 2011; 2014b) about how teachers may engage critically with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander specific content. It contributes significantly to a field of research that has not received much attention over the past eleven years. The research is a striking contribution to understandings of Australian cross-cultural/racial research and education practices. It argues that teachers are not necessarily insensitive to cross-cultural/racial relations operating in Australia; rather, that more rigorous and comprehensive teacher education programs are required for the integration of Koorie perspectives on Australian history. The research clearly demonstrates that stories from local Koorie communities offers up a wealth of knowledge that may be drawn upon to reform curriculum agendas towards shared-history understandings of Australia’s history. Ultimately, it advocates for a more nuanced and mature conversation about contemporary cross-cultural/racial education practices in Australia.Doctor of Philosophy
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Higgins, Patricia Cline. "The Chinese Education Mission." Thesis, The City College of New York, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10630520.
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Goodman, Carly. "Global Game of Chance: The U.S. Diversity Visa Lottery, Transnational Migration, and Cultural Diplomacy in Africa, 1990-2016." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/370316.
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HistoryPh.D.
As part of the Immigration Act of 1990, the United States has held an annual Diversity Visa (DV) lottery, encouraging nationals of countries that historically sent few migrants to the United States to apply for one of 50,000 legal immigrant visas. The DV lottery has reshaped global migration, making possible for the first time significant voluntary immigration from sub-Saharan Africa to the United States, and serving U.S. public diplomacy in the region by sustaining the American Dream. Drawing on a range of archival and published sources and oral interviews conducted in Africa, this dissertation illuminates how immigration and American global power have shaped each other since the end of the Cold War. It traces the history of the lottery from its legislation in Washington to its operation in sub-Saharan Africa, where, transmitted by non-state actors, it shaped African perceptions of the United States. Sparked by the advocacy of undocumented Irish immigrants in the United States in the late 1980s, policymakers created the lottery as an instrument for legal migration outside of family, employment, and refugee admissions categories. Motivated by domestic politics, and aiming to make visas available to white Europeans shut out of the system since 1965’s Hart-Cellar Act, Congress embraced “diversity” to attract immigrants from countries underrepresented in the immigration stream. Once enacted, immigration attorneys and others amplified the program for personal profit, attracting eager applicants both within and outside of U.S. borders. The lottery was the subject of the world’s first internet spam in 1994, and its operation coincided with the global spread of internet cafés, which became, by the early 2000s, key sites of DV lottery participation and migration commercialization in Africa. The lottery provided a rare chance at geographic mobility for Africans after the end of the Cold War, making it powerful in the countries examined in this dissertation: Ghana, Nigeria, and Cameroon. As neoliberal reforms reconfigured many African states’ economies in the 1980s and 1990s, individuals sought increasingly to escape in search of greener pastures. Unlike other contemporary migration policies, the lottery unintentionally created a channel of legal access to the United States for Africans. Local entrepreneurs seized the visa lottery as an opportunity to profit from fellow Africans’ desperation and aspiration to depart. They transformed the abstract policy into a concrete possibility and promoted positive impressions of the United States as a land of “milk and honey,” reshaping African migrations and international relations in the process.
Temple University--Theses
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Donaldson, Danielle. "Studies in material, political and cultural impact of the Byzantine presence in early medieval Spain, c. 550-711." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283900.
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Landroche, Tina Michele. "Chinese women as cultural participants and symbols in nineteenth century America." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4291.
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Chinese female immigrants were active cultural contributors and participants in nineteenth century America, yet Americans often simplified their roles into crude stereotypes and media symbols. The early western accounts concerning females in China created the fundamental images that were the basis of the later stereotypes of women immigrants. The fact that a majority of the period's Chinese female immigrants became prostitutes fueled anti-Chinese feelings. This thesis investigates the general existence of Chinese prostitutes in nineteenth century America and how they were portrayed in the media. American attitudes toward white women and their images of Chinese women created the stereotype of all Chinese female immigrants as immoral. Thus, they became unconscious pawns of nineteenth century American nativist forces wanting to limit and prevent Chinese immigration based on prejudicial and racist attitudes.
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Kimura, Masami. "Cultures of Modernity in the Making of the United States-Japan Cold War Alliance." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/305865.
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This dissertation explores the cultural and intellectual factors in the remaking of US-Japan relations which transformed as the two countries transitioned from enemies to allies after 1945. Diverging from the traditional approaches of diplomatic and political history that, focusing on state actors, describe policymaking processes, I comparatively study public discourses in 1940s-early 1950s America and Japan where various groups and actors - politicians, bureaucrats, journalists, scholars, and intellectuals - participated and created. Both peoples shared a similar discourse concerning modernization and, indeed, developed parallel ideas about modern Japanese history and the causes of Japanese militarism, the postwar democratization of Japan, and the making of a postwar Asian peace. They believed in the European progressive view of history, variously interpreted, and judged Japan to be "underdeveloped," compared with the "advanced West," having become an unlawful aggressor nation in the 1930s. Such views of a "failed" modernity and subsequent war rationalized Allied occupation and democratization reforms in post-surrender Japan. The more influenced by Marxian theories, the more critical they were of Japan's incomplete modernization, and the more enthusiastic for Allied - or American - intervention in postwar reforms. American and Japanese discourses on the reform of Japan's political organization, namely constitutional revision, show similar reformist plans from reconstruction of the constitutional monarchy to republican options. Those adopting Marxist analyses found the root cause of Japan's undemocratic and aggressive nature in the emperor system called for its elimination; those who did not believe that democratization required the overthrow of monarchy suggested reforming Japan's imperial institution to make democratic government function better. In addition, both Americans and Japanese shared the Wilsonian idea of internationalism, and they expected Japan to reenter the postwar Asia-Pacific as a totally demilitarized, democratic, and pacifist country that could contribute to peace and development of the region. With the Cold War, the US policies for Asia and Japan altered. So did the internationalist visions, causing political debates in the United States and Japan. My work ultimately shows such parallel and intersecting cultures where US-Japan relations were rehabilitated in the immediate-postwar years.
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Murray, Joseph John. ""One touch of nature makes the whole world kin" the transnational lives of deaf Americans, 1870-1924 /." Diss., University of Iowa, 2007. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/132.
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Machado, Luciana Roberta Victor. "Uso de dados de comportamento em análise comparativa de narrativas de Museus de História Natural: uma abordagem filogenética." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/38/38131/tde-18102016-134912/.
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O presente estudo propôs uma análise comparativa de narrativas em museus de história natural com o intuito de identificar e quantificar o uso de informações sobre comportamento animal em contexto evolutivo. Uma etapa inicial foi de levantamento de caracteres para a elaboração de uma matriz de dados onde eles foram codificados. As informações textuais foram obtidas por meio de imagens (fotografias e vídeos) dos painéis e demais elementos narrativos ou de arquivos de texto cedidos pelas instituições estudadas. As fotos foram montadas de acordo com o trajeto da exposição e organizadas em arquivo word. Os textos foram transcritos e organizados em arquivo word para serem analisados. O presente estudo contribui com uma nova área de pesquisa fornecendo novo conjunto de caracteres (etológicos, expográficos e temáticos) para estabelecer os padrões de abordagem dos caracteres em suas diferentes formas. A metodologia cladística filogenética foi utilizada para estabelecer relações entre as narrativas das exposições estudadas usando caracteres comportamentais. A metodologia foi escolhida por apresentar resultados relevantes para sistemas não organísmicos. Para que esta se torne aplicável é necessário apenas que o sistema esteja sujeito ao algorítimo darwiniano onde um sistema de informação (genética ou simbólica) que apresente variabilidade hereditária (transmissível), dado tempo suficiente, estará sujeito ao processo de seleção que resulta em adaptação do sistema (narrativas) às novas pressões ambientais (culturais). Os resultados encontrados a partir da análise filogenética mostraram baixa frequência de informação quanto à abordagem do tema comportamento em exposições de museus de história natural. Por outro lado, observamos um aumento na complexidade dos recursos utilizados para a abordagem dos temas comportamentais ao longo da árvore encontrada. Esta complexidade, deve-se tanto ao escopo e tema das exposições quanto aos recursos empregados em suas execuções. Desta forma, não surpreende que as exposições Darwin do AMNH (com sua riqueza de recursos) e Etologia do SDM (com sua riqueza de informação comportamental) apareçam neste estudo como grupo-irmão dentro do clado mais derivado da árvore.The present study was a comparative analysis of narratives in natural history museums in order to identify and quantify the use of information on animal behavior in evolutionary context. An initial step was to gather character to prepare a data matrix where they were coded. The textual information was obtained through images (photos and videos) of the panels and other narrative elements or text files transferred by the researched institutions. The photos were assembled according to the order suggested in the exhibition and organized in word file. The texts were transcribed and organized into word file to be analyzed. The current study contributes to a new area of research providing new set of characters (ethological, expographic and thematic) to establish standards of approach for the characters in their different forms. Phylogenetic cladistic methodology was used to establish relations between the narratives of exhibition using behavioral characters. The methodology was chosen to present relevant results for non-organismic systems. In order to become applicable, the system only needs to be subject to the Darwinian algorithm where an information system (genetic or symbolic) which shows hereditary variability (transmitted), given enough time, will be subject to the selection process that results in the adaptation of the system (narratives) to new environmental pressures (cultural). The results from the phylogenetic analysis showed low frequency of information in the approach to the subject of behavior in exhibitions in the natural history museums. On the other hand, an increase in the complexity of the resourses used in the approach to behavioral issues was observed along the branches of the tree found. This complexity is due both to the scope and theme of the exhibition about the resources applied in their executions. Thus, not surprisingly, the AMNH Darwin exhibition (with its wealth of resources) and Ethology of SDM (with its wealth of behavioral information) appear in this study as sister group within the more derived branch of the tree.
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Varussa, Éder Rodrigo [UNESP]. "Os imigrantes alemães no bairro rural de Ferraz: terra, identidade, memórias e patrimônio cultural." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152312.
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A imigração alemã no bairro rural de Ferraz é marcada por um caminho de lutas e histórias de vida, que perpassaram gerações e se mantêm vivas até os dias atuais. O trabalho no campo, a educação, a religiosidade e as festividades são marcas que possibilitaram reafirmar os laços de pertencimento e identidade das famílias alemãs em Ferraz. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar e analisar através da história social, como os imigrantes alemães que habitaram as terras da comunidade de Ferraz, conseguiram ali adaptar-se e criar raízes, desenvolvendo o local e deixando como herança o fortalecimento do sentimento de identidade e pertencimento aos seus descendentes. Nesse sentido, foram realizadas: pesquisa bibliográfica; revisão teórica (categoria de análise geográfica lugar e conceitos de patrimônio cultural, paisagem cultural, memória, identidade e bairros rurais); coleta de dados secundários; levantamento documental e coleta de dados primários, com imigrantes e descendentes antigos de Famílias Alemãs de Ferraz. Assim, foi possível apresentar características que propiciaram, a essas famílias alemãs, a garantia da sobrevivência e, ao mesmo tempo, a permanência de uma cultura que, apesar do tempo se manteve viva, sendo expressa pelas relações sociais, práticas rurais, espírito de integração, tradições e memórias, preservadas entre seus atuais sucessores. A recuperação da história social dessa comunidade alemã foi construída a partir de registros fotográficos e entrevistas, mostrando a forte ação humana na construção e formação do lugar.
German immigration in the rural district of Ferraz is marked by a path of struggles, and life experiences, which have spanned generations, and have been alive today. Job in the countryside, education, religiosity and festivities are trademarks that have made it possible to reaffirm the bonds of belonging and identity of the German families in Ferraz. In this context, the objective of this research is to identify and analyze through social history, how as the German immigrants who inhabited the lands of the community of Ferraz, managed to adapt and settle down, developing the place, and leaving as inheritance the Identity and belonging to their descendants. In this sense a bibliographic research was carried out; Theoretical review (category of geographical analysis Place and concepts of Cultural Heritage, Cultural Landscape, Memory, Identity and Rural Districts); Secondary data collection; Documentary collection and primary data collection (with immigrants and former descendants of German Families of Ferraz). In this way, it was possible to present characteristics that provided these German families with survival guarantee and, at the same time, the permanence of culture, despite of time, was kept alive, being expressed by social relations, rural practices, spirit of integration, traditions and memories, preserved among their current successors. The recovery of the social history of this German community was constructed from photographic records and interviews, showing the strong human action in the construction and formation of the place.
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Dooley, Cathleen Marie. "Battle in the sky: A cultural and legal history of sex discrimination in the United States airline industry, 1930-1980." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280698.
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This project examines the creation and implementation of sex discrimination law in the United States during the mid-twentieth century by egg the experiences of women who worked as flight attendants in the United States airline industry. The presentation of female bodies was a critical marketing strategy for the airline industry, and the result was the creation of a series of gender based discriminatory policies. Airlines manipulated women's sexuality through regulations such as a marriage ban, age ceiling, and weight/appearance regulations. An analysis of airline ads, which presented flight attendants as sexually desirable to attract male customers, combined with archival sources that trace discrimination in the industry, reveal the manipulation and presentation of women's sexuality as essential to the labor market practices of the airline industry and the efforts made by flight attendants to combat both the image and the discrimination. This dissertation reveals the constructed nature of women's sexuality by exploring the relationship between cultural representations of women's bodies, labor market practices, and public policy formation. An examination of 1960s anti-discriminatory legislation reveals the link between the regulation of sexuality and policy formation. Dismantling of sex discrimination through policy was problematic because gendered and sexualized work patterns were central to corporate employment structures. The solution was the inclusion of the bona fide occupational qualification clause in Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. This clause protected employers' ability to retain gender based discrimination if they demonstrated that economic loss would result from a restructuring of employment practices. Flight attendants were among the earliest group of women workers to utilize this legislation, and as a result they contributed to the interpretation and development of sex discrimination law in the United States. This project also reveals the complex interaction of resistance to and intention of sexual norms and gender discrimination. Flight attendants often internalized cultural constructions of sexuality and saw their ability to fulfill dominant cultural notions of beauty as empowering, thus they had difficulty articulating a clear definition of sex discrimination. Despite this difficulty, flight attendants became among the most politically active women in America during the 1960s and 1970s.
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Aguirre, Elea. "Vestiges of other relations: Weaving our lives across a two-nation divide." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280145.
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This study, grounded on fieldwork carried out in the cities of El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, looks at the narratives of women who describe themselves, and are identified by others, as belonging to what is called in Mexico, the well-positioned middle classes. From these narratives of privilege, the author looks at the differentiating ways of these women and includes, within theoretical and historical contexts, their narration of life stories that are laced with issues of social class, gendered subjectivities and nation-ness. The author engaged the narrations of women of Mexican descent living on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico political divide, contrasting the ways they live the suggested positioning within specific social, political and economic structures and systems developed in the area. This positionality, as well as its normalizing ways, was usually addressed through elaborations of the commonly used expression, "our customs." By following these elaborations of location within a perceived and lived social space, the author notes that the "customs" primarily reference a specific location of social class and, as part of this privileged positioning, the customs include particular ways of participating in pious activities as well as in the promotion of localized processes of nation making. The customs further referenced historical moments of regional importance. Based on these observations, the author takes the position that the discourse observed and analyzed at present reflects not only the vestiges of past political and economic relations of social consequences but also the fact that some people weave their lives at this border site by navigating both sides of the political divide. The data obtained from the fieldwork experience was derived not only through the collection and analysis of life stories, but also through the participant-observation activities carried out over an extended period of time. In addition, the author is a native and long-term resident of this border site between the United States and Mexico.
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Long, Bronson Wilder. "The Saar dispute in Franco-German relations and European integration French diplomacy, cultural policies and the construction of European identity in the Saar, 1944-1957 /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3290754.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2007.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: A, page: 4830. Adviser: Carl Ipsen. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 22, 2008).
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Kinuhata, Hitomi. "Hugh Borton : his role in American-Japanese relations /." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0629104-174631/unrestricted/KinuhataH072004f.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0629104-174631. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Muller, Paulo Ricardo. "Politicas e performances da diversidade : etnografia de um circulo musical intercultural em São Paulo." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281718.
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Orientador: Bela Feldman-BiancoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a constituição de um circuito de produção e consumo de "músicas do mundo" na cidade de São Paulo a partir da formação de uma rede de músicos e grupos musicais dedicados à prática de instrumentos e linguagens musicais de "outras culturas", assim definidas em relação ao mainstream do mercado musical internacional e brasileiro. Esta rede é composta tanto por grupos especializados em linguagens musicais, cujo produto musical é classificado largamente como "música étnica", quanto por grupos de abordagem generalista, cujo produto musical é classificado como "encontro" ou "fusão" de diferentes linguagens musicais. O trabalho de campo que subsidia as interpretações aqui presentes combina o acompanhamento do circuito de performances comerciais dos grupos desta rede com minha participação como cantor em um coral destinado à participação de migrantes transnacionais residentes em São Paulo, além de entrevistas formais e informais com músicos e produtores. Com estas observações presentes, busco explicitar a lógica de produção e incorporação de "músicas do mundo" aos repertórios locais atentando para o uso da noção de diversidade cultural como um princípio do fazer musical
Abstract: The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the constitution of a world music production and consumption scene in São Paulo (Brazil) by a network of musical groups and musicians dedicated to the practice of non-western and non-Brazilian musical instruments and languages. This network is formed both by groups that are specialized in specific musical cultures - which sound is largely classified as ethnic music - and groups with a generalist approach to music - which sound is classified as "encounter" or "fusion" of many musical cultures. The fieldwork that provides the observations and interpretations herein combines the assistance of the circuit of commercial performances and my participation in a choir destined to transnational. immigrants dwelling in São Paulo, as well as formal and informal interviews with musicians and musical producers. Through these observations I intend to clarify the logics of production and incorporation of "world musics" to local repertoires and how cultural diversity is used as a rationale of music-making
Mestrado
Mestre em Antropologia Social
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Wallace, Jessica Lynn. ""Building Forts in Their Heart": Anglo-Cherokee Relations on the Mid-Eighteenth-Century Southern Frontier." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1404334391.
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SÁNCHEZ, CANO Gaël. "Spiritual empire : Spanish diplomacy and Latin America in the 1920s." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/64748.
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Defence date: 28 October 2019Examining Board: Prof Regina Grafe, European University Institute (Supervisor); Prof Lucy Riall, European University Institute (Second Reader); Prof David Marcilhacy, Sorbonne Université; Dr Christian Goeschel, University of Manchester
This thesis focuses on the practice of cultural diplomacy in post-imperial contexts through the study of the Spanish-Latin American case (Hispano-Americanism) during the 1920s. It advances the concept of ‘spiritual empire’ to make sense of the weight of imperial legacies in multilateral international relations. It highlights the intangible and imagined nature of these legacies, and examines their use in foreign policy. It thus offers broader definitions of what is usually called ‘soft power’, with a specific emphasis on its European roots and on its intertwinement with empire and multilateralism during the interwar period, especially in the context of the League of Nations. The specific object of this inquiry is the set of practices of Hispano-Americanism developed under General Miguel Primo de Rivera’s authoritarian regime (1923-1930). Calls for closer relations between Spain and the Spanish-speaking American countries dated back to the late nineteenth century, in the form of intellectual pleas and some political projects. Only in the 1920s, however, was Hispano-Americanism built up as a relatively coherent set of diplomatic practices. Asking why these practices emerged in the 1920s in particular, the thesis explores this decade as a key moment for both empire and diplomacy. Building mostly on archival material from the Spanish administration, the League of Nations, and US public and private institutions, this research inserts Spanish diplomacy at the heart of the narrative of power politics in Europe and the Americas. The aim is not to prove that Spain actually mattered, but to use this specific case study to pose alternative questions about power in world politics. Rather than asking where power is, this thesis seeks to understand what power is and how it is fabricated. The notion of spiritual empire illustrates how the imperial logics of power resist the formal end of empires and are reused in the shape of diplomatic and administrative practices. It explains how Spanish diplomats and foreign-policy makers tried to hang on to a status of power granted by Spain’s imperial past. It also opens the way to diachronic comparisons between Spain’s Hispano-Americanism, Portugal’s politics of Lusophony, France’s politics of Francophony, or the British Commonwealth, among others.
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Jenison, Denise Laszewski. ""In Accordance with the Best Traditions of American Democracy": Arab Americans, Zionists, and the Debate over Palestine, 1940-1948." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1511310258842165.
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Browning-Aiken, Anne. "The transformation of Mexican copper miners: The dynamics of social agency and mineral policy as economic development tools." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289205.
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Since the copper boom of the late nineteenth century, mining companies have been riding "the copper roller coaster." The well being of miners and their families appears to be tied to international market forces beyond their control. This dissertation uses a case study of miners in Cananea, Sonora, to analyze the relationships between changes in Mexican mineral policy from 1960 to 1998 and Mexico's economic connections with the United States. It employs Immanuel Wallerstein's framework of a world-system linked through hegemonic relationships between a core country, a semiperiphery and periphery (C-SP-P), and looks at the economic and political circumstances under which shifts in this system occur. Within this world-system Kondratieff waves are used to depict periods of stagnation and growth. Policy changes are reflected in economic cycles, and policy also shapes copper extraction, production and marketing. Until the 1970s American multinational corporations under privatization extracted surplus copper from Sonora as a peripheral region. However, once Mexico embarked on a policy of nationalization of the mineral industry (1971-1989), the country intentionally delinked from the U.S. In 1990 the Cananea mine was again privatized as part of Mexico's economic restructuring, with production directed toward international markets. Policy changes are evaluated in terms of Mexican development and the well being of the miners. This analysis is based upon the concept of articulation between capitalist modes of production within the world-system. The concept "articulation" includes confrontations and alliances between classes within each region or country as well as the relations between the C-SP-P. In particular, the miners use political linkages with the national union to defend their interests. However, with economic restructuring and privatization in the 1980s and 1990s, the government-labor alliance is supplanted by government-business alliance, and labor conflict and workforce transformation result. Policy turnovers influence everyday practices in gender relations as families face economic crises. Miners' wives form a political front to support their husbands' struggles with the company and to maintain access to potable water. Furthermore, attitudes toward environmental resource use are caught between maintaining the miners' job source and securing a safe and reliable source of water for the region.
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Griffin, George William III. "Ernst Jäckh and the Search for German Cultural Hegemony in the Ottoman Empire." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1245518955.
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Batista, Eduardo Luis Araújo de Oliveira. "Poética da representação cultural = relações entre viagem e tradução na literatura brasileira." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270248.
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Orientador: Francisco Foot HardmanTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta tese defende a relação complementar entre as práticas da literatura de viagem e da tradução, vistas como importantes divulgadores da imagem de uma literatura e de uma cultura além de suas fronteiras linguísticas e nacionais. Defendemos ainda a importância de ambas as atividades na formação da literatura nacional brasileira, por meio da atuação de importantes mediadores entre nossa nação e os centros culturais com os quais o Brasil dialogou ao longo de sua história. Para tal, abordamos a trajetória de quatro viajantes tradutores de diferentes origens nacionais e momentos históricos, proporcionando um breve panorama de nossas relações culturais com o estrangeiro. Foram selecionados para objeto de nosso estudo: o francês Ferdinand Denis, que esteve no Brasil em 1816; o inglês Sir Richard Burton, que viveu no país entre 1865-69 como cônsul britânico; o franco-suíço Blaise Cendrars, que visitou o país por três vezes, na década de 1920; e a norte-americana Elizabeth Bishop, poeta que viveu no Brasil entre 1951 e 1971. Cada um deles desenvolveu sua trajetória própria, divulgando suas imagens do Brasil no exterior, e atuando em diferentes níveis como influência junto a nossos escritores. Denis foi figura chave na origem do movimento romântico no Brasil, autor da primeira história literária a separar a literatura brasileira da portuguesa. Burton foi o pioneiro na tradução de nossa literatura para a língua inglesa. Cendrars atuou junto aos nossos escritores modernistas da primeira geração no desenvolvimento de uma arte moderna nacional brasileira. E Bishop foi uma das introdutoras da literatura moderna brasileira na língua inglesa. Reunidas, as trajetórias desses quatro viajantes-tradutores refazem um longo e importante período de nossa história cultural, mostrando de que forma a presença estrangeira tem participado no desenvolvimento de nossa literatura e cultura nacionais
Abstract: This thesis advocates a complementary relationship between the practices of travel literature and translation, seen as important disseminators of the image of a literature and culture beyond their national and linguistic boundaries. We also support the importance of both activities in the formation of Brazilian national literature, through the action of important mediators between our nation and the community centers with which Brazil conversed throughout its history. For this, we examined the course of four travelers translators from different national origins and historical moments, providing a brief overview of our cultural relations with foreign countries. We have selected as the subject of our study: the Frenchman Ferdinand Denis, who was in Brazil in 1816, the Englishman Sir Richard Burton, who lived in the country between 1865-69 as British consul, the French-Swiss Blaise Cendrars, who visited the country for three times in the 1920s, and American Elizabeth Bishop, poet who lived in Brazil between 1951 and 1971. Each developed its own trajectory, spreading their own images of Brazil around the world, and acting at different levels to influence our writers. Denis was a key figure in the rise of the Romantic movement in Brazil, the first author of a literary history to separate Brazilian literature from the Portuguese. Burton was a pioneer in translating our literature into English. Cendrars worked with our first generation of modernist writers in developing a national Brazilian modern art. And Bishop was the introducer of modern Brazilian literature in English. Together, the trajectories of these four travelers-translators remake a long and important period of our cultural history, showing how the foreign presence have participated in the development of our national literature and culture
Doutorado
Historia e Historiografia Literaria
Doutor em Teoria e História Literária
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Axelsson, Cecilia. "En Meningsfull Historia? : Didaktiska perspektiv på historieförmedlande museiutställningar om migration och kulturmöten." Doctoral thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2559.
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This thesis concerns the mediation of history in a public arena in society, namely in historical exhibitions in museums. The foci of the thesis are exhibitions on migration history, cultural encounters, “Us” and “the Others”, and in particular how relations based on the principles of class, gender and ethnicity are mediated. The research concerns two exhibitions – "Afrikafararna" (The Travellers to Africa) and "Kongospår" (Traces of Congo). In this thesis museums are viewed as arenas for public education and meaning-making. It explores how the historical contents as well as the forms of mediation in the exhibitions correspond to the task of promoting democracy that has been assigned to Swedish museums. This task is expressed in the intentions of the respective museums, in the general policies on culture and also in the policy documents for schools. Therefore the thesis also explores how pupils and teachers understand the mediation of history and use the museum as a source for learning. Exhibitions are regarded in this thesis as mediation processes of history. Three distinct phases can be seen in this process – the phase of production, the phase of mediation and the phase of reception. People connected to the different phases, such as curators, producers, museum educators, and pupils, have been interviewed. These interviews show how conditions, convictions and scope for action influence how the stories of migration and cultural encounters are told and understood. The contents of the exhibitions are analysed from a perspective of class, gender and ethnicity. Furthermore, the limitations and possibilities for the visitors to intensify their historical consciousness are discussed. The study shows how economic conditions and access to historical source material influence the way history is mediated, but also, and to a very large extent, convictions on pedagogy and concepts of history among museum staff. The latter two are determining factors when it is made clear that the way the historical source material is used results in the fact that history is mediated in a way that does not correspond to the intentions and goals to promote democratic values, such as equality, and active democratic readiness for action. The study shows that the exhibitions in question mediate patterns of subordination and asymmetrical relations between women and men and between Swedes/Scandinavians and Africans in their mediation of history. There are sometimes very distinct lines between “Us” and “the Others”. One of the exhibitions offers more space for individual meaning-making and reflection than the other, however, because of its problematization of the occurrence of African artefacts in Scandinavia and because there are more stories and more voices in the exhibition. The interviews with teachers and pupils show that the visits to the exhibitions are often isolated events that are rarely incorporated into the students’ education in a prolonged theme or perspective. Several students uncritically accepted the mediation in the exhibition, others were provoked and challenged, but the students had little opportunity to discuss these experiences in either the museum or in school. In summing up, several of the results of the analysis show that the mediation of history in the exhibitions cannot be described as corresponding to the demands of a democratic conception of education.
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El, Baker Lina. "L'Institut du monde arabe : une institution culturelle au carrefour des récits." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28267.
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This thesis is a case study of a cultural institution located in Paris, France, namely the Arab World Institute. It strives to identify the various political and ideological discourses that manifest themselves throughout the Institute's history. The Institute's mission is to bridge the two cultures, Arab and European. It is a particularly interesting case study because of its problematic status which lies somewhere between the imperatives of local policies and those inherent to the international arena.The first chapter is a presentation of the institute, its history and its mission. It also dwells upon the local French political scene and the relations between France and the Arab world. It also offers a brief overview of the political and social realities of the Arab world.
Chapter two is an introduction to the particularities of the French cultural landscape. It looks at the historical and social movement towards the democratization of culture, specifically through the transformation of the museum and of cultural institutions as a whole.
Chapter three aims at identifying the repercussions of the French cultural policies on the Institute's functioning. The perceived failure of these policies is confronted with the official discourse surrounding the Institute.
Chapter four is a mapping of the different discourses that manifest themselves through the Institute. The multiplicity of the discourses and the discrepancies of their proclaimed objectives are understood to be at the source of the malfunctioning of the Institute.
This thesis does not attempt at finding solutions to the many problems of the Arab World Institute. It is rather an excavation work that aims at bringing forth some of the issues that could be explored while attempting at finding a resolution to the ailments of the Institute.
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Boczar, Amanda C. "FOREIGN AFFAIRS: POLICY, CULTURE, AND THE MAKING OF LOVE AND WAR IN VIETNAM." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/27.
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Foreign Affairs: Policy, Culture, and the Making of Love and War in Vietnam investigates the interplay between war and society leading to and during the Vietnam War. This project intertwines histories of foreign relations, popular culture, and gender and sexuality as lenses for understanding international power relations during the global Cold War more broadly. By examining sexual encounters between American service members and Vietnamese civilian women, this dissertation argues that relationships ranging from prostitution to dating, marriage, and rape played a significant role in the diplomacy, logistics, and international reception of the war. American disregard for South Vietnamese morality laws in favor of bolstering GI morale in the early war years contributed to the instability of the alliance and led to a rise in anti-American activities, health concerns, and military security threats.
The length of the war in addition to the difficulty for service members to definitively identify enemy forces placed stress on soldiers. Publicized cases of rape and disagreements over responsibility for orphans or children born outside marriage to U.S. servicemen in the later war years further deteriorated relations. Negotiating these relationships resulted in implicit assignments of power between the United States and their allies in South Vietnam. In addition to the bi-lateral relations between the U.S. and South Vietnam, North Vietnamese and National Liberation Front propaganda citing the GI-civilian relationships sparked security concerns and further threatened the alliance. This dissertation further contends that encounters provided propaganda material for opposition forces, strained the overall war effort at home, and shaped how Americans remember the war.
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Zimmermann, Eva. "Baden-Baden - 'Capitale d'été de l'Europe' : une histoire des relations franco-allemandes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0327.
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Pendant près d'un quart de siècle, du milieu des années 1840 jusqu'à la guerre franco-prussienne de 1870/1871, Baden-Baden, située entre la plaine du Rhin supérieur et l'ouest de la Forêt-Noire, a été la « capitale d'été de l'Europe ». D'une part par le nombre de ses visiteurs et l'internationalité de ses hôtes, et d'autre part par l'ampleur et la qualité du programme de divertissement, elle occupait incontestablement la première place parmi les stations thermales européennes à la mode du XIXe siècle et nulle autre n'a fait autant parler d'elle. Lorsque les contemporains des deux côtés du Rhin qualifiaient la ville de « colonie française » ou de « succursale de Paris », ils avaient de bons arguments à faire valoir.Les touristes étrangers venaient majoritairement de France, la signalisation de l'espace public et la langue de communication étaient françaises, la scène du théâtre était jouée par de célèbres ensembles parisiens et le Jockey Club de Paris organisait les courses de galop de Baden. Cependant, malgré la forte influence française, Baden-Baden était une ville allemande dont la population autochtone a beaucoup contribué à son développement, dont l'avenir était débattu dans les parlements allemands et décidé par un gouvernement allemand. Sur le plan culturel également, l'élément allemand ou régional a été mis en avant, que ce soit dans la musique, le théâtre ou le sport.Les acteurs allemands et français sont entrés en contact et en interaction les uns avec les autres à tous les niveaux à Baden-Baden. Les phénomènes d'échange et de transfert ont été multiples dans les domaines de l'architecture, des arts du spectacle, de la musique et du sport, mais aussi dans le cadre de la coopération professionnelle et de pratiques quotidiennes telles que l'alimentation.Tout ceci est développé dans cette histoire des relations franco-allemandes dans la ville de Baden-Baden au 19ème siècle. Il examine également comment cette évolution est liée aux développements politiques et sociaux plus larges de l'époque, à savoir l'émergence des nationalismes, et à la situation de plus en plus tendue des relations franco-allemandes depuis les années 1850For almost a quarter of a century, from the mid-1840s until the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/1871, Baden-Baden, situated between the Upper Rhine Plain and the Western Black Forest, was the "summer capital of Europe". In terms of visitor numbers and the internationality of its guests on the one hand, and the scope and quality of its entertainment program on the other, it was undoubtedly the leading sophisticated European spa resort of the 19th century, and no other was as popular. When contemporaries on both sides of the Rhine referred to the city as a "French colony" or a "branch of Paris," they had good points.The foreign guests came mainly from France, the signage of the public space and the language of communication were French, the stage of the theater was played by famous Parisian ensembles and the Paris Jockey Club organized the gallop races of Baden.Despite the strong French influence, however, Baden-Baden was a German city whose native population contributed much to its development, whose future was debated in German parliaments and decided by a German government. Culturally, too, the German or rather the regional element came to the fore, be it in music, theater or sports.German and French actors came into contact and interaction with each other at all levels in Baden-Baden. There were manifold phenomena of exchange and transfer in the fields of architecture, the performing arts, music and sports, but also in the context of professional cooperation and everyday practices such as eating.All of this is brought out in this history of Franco-German relations in the city of Baden-Baden in the 19th century. It also examines how this development related to the larger political and social developments of the era, namely the rise of nationalisms, and to the increasingly tense situation of Franco-German relations since the 1850s
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Rhode, Benjamin. "'The living and the dying' : the rise of the United States and Anglo-French perceptions of power, 1898-1899." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e77338b1-b465-4d65-a6d3-d6d5d4f2314f.
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This thesis examines Anglo-French perceptions of power within the context of the rise of the United States of America. It uses several overlapping events falling within a moment at the end of the nineteenth century (1898-1899) - the Spanish-American War, the Dreyfus Affair and the Fashoda crisis - to explore various British and French actors' perceptions of national power, decline, and international competition. It draws heavily on diplomatic material, but its methodology is primarily cultural. It examines ways in which various cultural assumptions affected perceptions of power and global events. It takes a particular interest in the relationship between ideas about gender and dimensions of national power. It focuses on contemporary preoccupations and assumptions, whether spoken or unspoken, and argues that they could prove determinative. External realities were refracted into perceptions that in turn drove prescriptions and policy. The thesis juxtaposes perspectives from multiple states, thereby contextualizing or comparing British, French and occasionally American preoccupations with those of their transatlantic contemporaries. It draws upon archival sources which previously have been under-examined or approached from different perspectives and research priorities. Its exploration of the cultural dimensions of thought about national power and success is grounded in an awareness of the analysis and actions of certain diplomats and politicians involved in the more practical business of international affairs. Conversely, diplomatic and other records are situated within their cultural milieu, to better understand the context in which views about the international order were shaped. The thesis necessarily makes excursions into the history of emotions, since its actors' political analyses at times appear entangled and aligned with their emotional responses. The thesis therefore serves as an example of an international history that integrates diplomatic with cultural and emotional elements and demonstrates their mutual illumination.
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Affolter, Andreas. "Verhandeln mit Republiken : die Ambassade des Marquis d’Avaray und die französisch-eidgenössischen Beziehungen im frühen 18. Jahrhundert." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4044.
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La thèse examine les relations franco-suisses au début du XVIIIe siècle en s’interrogeant sur les pratiques et les canaux de négociation d’un côté, et celles du statut des acteurs de l’autre. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une histoire diplomatique renouvelée s’appuyant sur les acquis de l’histoire culturelle et sociale. Une première partie traite des relations entre les souverains : les autorités suisses et le roi de France. Face à l’asymétrie entre le roi et les cantons, leurs relations peuvent non seulement être décrites selon un modèle de relation entre souverains (inégaux), mais aussi selon un modèle patron-client. Une deuxième partie analyse les relations personnelles de l’ambassadeur français en Suisse. Il y est démontré comment les pratiques de communication entre l’ambassadeur et ses interlocuteurs suisses étaient façonnées par la culture politique différente des cantons qui n’acceptaient pas tous dans la même mesure les relations personnelles entre magistrats et diplomates étrangers. La troisième partie examine les canaux de communication et de négociation entre la Cour de France et les autorités suisses. Grâce à la présence de nombreux diplomates accrédités en Suisse et en s’appuyant sur leurs sujets séjournant aux cours étrangères en tant qu’officiers ou diplomates au service d’un prince étranger, les cantons pouvaient pratiquer une « diplomatie sans diplomates » qui ne coûtait presque rien. En dernier lieu, l’analyse des négociations du renouvellement d’alliance entre le roi de France et le canton de Berne soulève le problème des négociations avec une république aux temps modernesThe thesis examines the Franco-Swiss relations in the early 18th century and probes into both the practices and channels of negotiation as well as the status of the actors. As a contribution to the flourishing ‘new diplomatic history’, it draws on the methods and innovations of cultural and social history. The first part discusses the relations between two unequal sovereigns: the Swiss authorities and the French king. Given the asymmetry between the king and the cantons, their relations can not only be described as relations between (unequal) sovereigns but also as patron-client ties. The second part examines the personal relations of the French ambassador in Switzerland and shows how the different political cultures of the cantons shaped the communicative practices between the ambassador and his Swiss interlocutors. In the third part, the channels of communication and negotiation between the French court and the Swiss authorities are analysed. Thanks to the presence of numerous foreign diplomats accredited in Switzerland and relying on the services of Swiss subjects staying at foreign courts as officers and diplomats serving a foreign prince, the Swiss republics were able to practice “diplomacy without diplomats”, thus economizing on the expenses associated with maintaining a formal diplomatic body. In the final part, the analysis of the negotiations for the renewal of the alliance between the French king and the Republic of Berne provides a case study of what it meant to negotiate with a polyarchy in the early modern period
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Johnson, Melinda M. "Building Bridges: Church Women United and Social Reform Work Across the Mid-Twentieth Century." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/29.
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Church Women United incorporated in December 1941 as an interdenominational and interracial movement of liberal Protestant women committed to social reform. The one hundred organizers represented ten million Protestant women across the United States. They organized with the express purposes of helping to bring peace on Earth and to develop total equality within all humanity.
Church Women United was the bridge between the First and Second Wave of Feminism and the bridge between the Social Gospel and Social Justice Movements. Additionally they connected laterally with numerous social and religious groups across American society. As such, they exemplify the continuity and matrix of reform in American history. Because they worked to promote international peace, develop positive race relations, and advance women’s rights, their campaigns give us a model for how to rectify the social problems of today.
These women used communal prayer, politics, education, and hands-on labor to promote their ideas. They originated in collective prayer and continued this tool, but they added letter writing campaigns, public education forums, and lobbying politicians at all levels including the president to advance their goals. They held massive campaigns to collect needed items for war-torn countries and natural disaster areas as well as acting as counselors to the needy. They raised public awareness of issues facing migrant laborers, inner-city residents, Native Americans, Japanese internment detainees, and then worked hard to ameliorate the worst of these problems. They promoted literacy around the world, as well as new agricultural techniques to address human conditions that were known to lead to political and social unrest.
This dissertation covers the mid-twentieth century while being predominately focused on the years 1941-1968. This study is built upon multiple archives across the United States and oral histories of movement leaders. It is one of the first interdenominational studies focused on the work of women in social reform work. This dissertation enlarges our knowledge of feminism and social reform work.
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Argaillot, Janice. "Cuba et la Caraïbe : de l'isolement à l'intégration culturelle, 1959-2009." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00940837.
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Ce travail propose une analyse des relations culturelles entre Cuba et les pays de la Caraïbe depuis 1959. En effet, l'avènement de la Révolution cubaine a signifié un bouleversement pour les espaces caribéen et latino-américain, et a conduit l'Ile à repenser ses liens, tout particulièrement culturels. Les facteurs des relations ou non relations seront ainsi analysés, mais nous nous concentrerons également sur les manifestations culturelles et réalisations concrètes qui en découlent, ainsi que sur les enjeux des liens basés sur la culture pour Cuba et l'aire caribéenne.
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Miynat, Ali. "Cultural and socio-economic relations between the Turkmen states and the Byzantine empire and West with a corpus of the Turkmen coins in the Barber Institute Coin Collection." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7411/.
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In the eleventh century the arrival of the Turks from Central Asia resulted in complex socio-economic and political changes in Upper Mesopotamia (al-Jazīra), Diyār Rūm (Asia Minor) and part of Syria (Diyār Shām). The social, cultural, military and economic life of the Turks intertwined with the native culture and heritage of Greeks, Armenians and Syrians living in those territories. Having as starting point the multifaceted encounters some of the important issues I am addressing in my thesis are the important trade routes that crossed Turkmen-dominated areas in the late middle ages; monetary traffic; mines and mints in operation under the Turkmen rule. As the history of that multicultural environment can best be understood and explained through the coin evidence, a big part of my project will cover numismatic evidence. In this context, my study will focus on the socio-economic and cultural relations and interactions between the Byzantines, old inhabitants, the Turkish newcomers and the western powers in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries in the light of the coins and investigate some questions: Why did the Turkmens issue the Greek and bilingual (Greek-Arabic) coins and seals? Why did the Turkmens borrow images (particularly Byzantine style imagery) from the cultural heritage of the areas they ruled?
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Ikoff, Ventsislav. "Mediación cultural entre Bulgaria y el mundo hispánico: la circulación de las traducciones literarias y sus mediadores (1882-2012)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462204.
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Esta tesis doctoral estudia la circulación de las traducciones literarias en formato libro entre Bulgaria y el mundo hispánico (España e Hispanoamérica) durante el periodo situado entre 1882 y 2012. La investigación se ocupa de tres aspectos de la traducción literaria: 1) los flujos de traducción; 2) el papel y las prácticas de los mediadores culturales —traductores y editores— que favorecieron el intercambio cultural; y 3) los factores culturales, políticos y económicos que determinaron dicho intercambio. Un corpus de traducciones en formato libro de literatura hispánica en lengua búlgara y de literatura búlgara en lengua española, elaborado ad hoc para llevar a cabo el estudio, constituye la base para el análisis cuantitativo de los flujos de traducción. Entrevistas con traductores y editores, así como publicaciones relevantes para el tema forman la base de un análisis cualitativo de los mediadores culturales y de las dimensiones culturales, políticas y económicas de la traducción literaria entre Bulgaria y el mundo hispánico. La tesis está articulada desde la perspectiva de Bulgaria como espacio que exporta e importa literatura de múltiples campos de producción literaria y está dividida en tres periodos claves para el campo cultural y editorial búlgaro, así como con respecto a las relaciones con la cultura hispánica: un primer periodo de contactos iniciales (1882-1947), un periodo de traducción politizada (1948-1989) y un periodo de relaciones post-totalitarias (1990-2012).Aquesta tesi doctoral analitza la circulació de traduccions literàries en format llibre entre Bulgària i el món hispànic (Espanya i Hispanoamèrica) durant el període situat entre 1882 i 2012. La investigació s’ocupa de tres aspectes de la traducció literària: 1) els fluxos de traducció; 2) el paper i les pràctiques dels mediadors culturals —traductors i editors— que van afavorir l’intercanvi cultural; i 3) els factors culturals, polítics i econòmics que van determinar aquest intercanvi. Un corpus de traduccions de literatura hispànica en llengua búlgara i de literatura búlgara en llengua espanyola, construït ad hoc per tal de portar a terme l’estudi, constitueix la base per a l’anàlisi quantitativa dels fluxos de traducció. Entrevistes amb traductors i editors, així com publicacions rellevants per al tema formen la base d’una anàlisi qualitativa dels mediadors culturals i de les dimensiones culturals, polítiques i econòmiques de la traducció literària entre Bulgària i el món hispànic. La tesi s’articula des del punt de vista de Bulgària com a espai de exportació i importació de literatures de múltiples camps de producció literària i es divideix en tres períodes claus per al camp cultural i editorial búlgar, així com pel que fa a les relacions amb la cultura hispànica: un primer període de contactes inicials (1882-1947), un període de traducció polititzada (1948-1989) i un període de relacions post-totalitàries (1990-2012).
This doctoral thesis studies the circulation of literary book translations between Bulgaria and the Hispanic world (comprising Spain and the Spanish speaking countries in South America) from 1882 to 2012. Specifically, the research focuses on three aspects of literary translation: 1) translation flows, 2) the role and practices of cultural mediators—translators and publishers—who enabled the cultural exchange, and 3) the cultural, political, and economic factors which determined said exhange. An ad hoc corpus of book translations of Hispanic literature in Bulgarian language and of Bulgarian literature in Spanish is the basis for quantitative analysis of translation flows. Interviews with translators and publishers, as well as relevant literature and publications, inform qualitative analysis on the subject of cultural mediators and the cultural, political and economic dimensions of literary translation between Bulgaria and the Hispanic world. The study takes the perspective of Bulgaria as an exporter and importer of literature to and from multiple fields of literary production and is divided in three key periods for the Bulgarian cultural and publishing field and with respect to the relations with the Hispanic culture: initial contacts (1882-1947), politicized translation (1948-1989) and post-totalitarian relations (1990-2012).
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Spencer, Freeze Rixa Anne. "French Food vs. Fast Food: José Bové Takes on McDonald’s." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1029182528.
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Amft, Andrea. "Sápmi i förändringens tid : en studie av svenska samers levnadsvillkor under 1900-talet ur ett genus- och etnicitetsperspektiv." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkeologi och samiska studier, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-65862.
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This dissertation is a study of the changing living conditions for the Sami in Swedish Såpmi (Samiland) throughout the twentieth century with an analysis based on a gender and ethnic perspective. At the turn of the century, the Sami lived as nomadic reindeer herders and were primarily self- sufficient. This changed as the reindeer herders shifted from a self-sufficient lifestyle to a money economy tor a variety of reasons. Over time they became more integrated in the dominant Swedish society and even more dependent on it. Reindeer herding has become increasingly mechanized since the I960's with rationalizations as a result. Even in to the 1990's the industry was the object of streamlining ettorts. A process of masculinization has also occurred and today's reindeer herding is a distinctly male coded profession. Women do not regularly participate in the daily work of reindeer breeding and their ability to have any direct influence on the herding districts (sameby) is limited. This is also largely true in terms of the Sami Parliament, the Sami popularly elected body. The Sami population has experienced unfavorable special legislation and regulation from the State. The population was divided into several different categories with different rights. Sami women were marginalized two-fold and subordinated, partly because of their ethnic affiliation (as Sami) and partly because of their sex (as women). This continues to be true today. The analysis of gender division of labor shows that a married couple had their own autonomous areas of power within the household. The wife was however still subordinate to her husband in his role as master of the family. The older reindeer herding society was not noted for its equality. There was a distinct hierarchy based on sex, age, and social status. Division of labor in modern reindeer breeding is in principle based on the same normative system as the older nomadic society. The study of the ethnic processes in Såpmi shows among other things that from a Sami perspective, a person is Sami who is related to other Sami and whose actions are based on a Sami identity. It is also clear today that there are many different Sami identities, that an individual person draws from a number of such identities and that it is the context that determines which of these are active in any given situation. The Sami identity is sex-based, i.e. there is a difference between a "male Sami" and a "female Sami." Sami women, unlike Sami men, cannot be politically active while also being active based on their sexual identity. Were they to do so, they would be excluded by definition from their ethnic group. Sami women must therefore subordinate themselves as women to be "genuine" Sami. They thereby contribute to their own marginalization and help maintain their own subordinated position in the Sami society.digitalisering@umu
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Uusihakala, Katja. "Memory meanders : place, home and commemoration in an ex-Rhodesian diaspora community /." Helsinki : Helsingin yliopisto, 2008. http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-10-4477-9.
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